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Baranov D, Timerbaev V. Recent Advances in Studying the Regulation of Fruit Ripening in Tomato Using Genetic Engineering Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:760. [PMID: 38255834 PMCID: PMC10815249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most commercially essential vegetable crops cultivated worldwide. In addition to the nutritional value, tomato is an excellent model for studying climacteric fruits' ripening processes. Despite this, the available natural pool of genes that allows expanding phenotypic diversity is limited, and the difficulties of crossing using classical selection methods when stacking traits increase proportionally with each additional feature. Modern methods of the genetic engineering of tomatoes have extensive potential applications, such as enhancing the expression of existing gene(s), integrating artificial and heterologous gene(s), pointing changes in target gene sequences while keeping allelic combinations characteristic of successful commercial varieties, and many others. However, it is necessary to understand the fundamental principles of the gene molecular regulation involved in tomato fruit ripening for its successful use in creating new varieties. Although the candidate genes mediate ripening have been identified, a complete picture of their relationship has yet to be formed. This review summarizes the latest (2017-2023) achievements related to studying the ripening processes of tomato fruits. This work attempts to systematize the results of various research articles and display the interaction pattern of genes regulating the process of tomato fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Baranov
- Laboratory of Expression Systems and Plant Genome Modification, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
- Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim Timerbaev
- Laboratory of Expression Systems and Plant Genome Modification, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
- Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 127550 Moscow, Russia
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2
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Lin Z, Yi X, Ali MM, Zhang L, Wang S, Chen F. Transcriptome Insights into Candidate Genes of the SWEET Family and Carotenoid Biosynthesis during Fruit Growth and Development in Prunus salicina 'Huangguan'. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3513. [PMID: 37836253 PMCID: PMC10574959 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The Chinese plum (Prunus salicina L.) is a fruit tree belonging to the Rosaceae family, native to south-eastern China and widely cultivated throughout the world. Fruit sugar metabolism and color change is an important physiological behavior that directly determines flavor and aroma. Our study analyzed six stages of fruit growth and development using RNA-seq, yielding a total of 14,973 DEGs, and further evaluation of key DEGs revealed a focus on sugar metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, carotenoid biosynthesis, and photosynthesis. Using GO and KEGG to enrich differential genes in the pathway, we selected 107 differential genes and obtained 49 significant differential genes related to glucose metabolism. The results of the correlation analyses indicated that two genes of the SWEET family, evm.TU.Chr1.3663 (PsSWEET9) and evm.TU.Chr4.676 (PsSWEET2), could be closely related to the composition of soluble sugars, which was also confirmed in the ethylene treatment experiments. In addition, analysis of the TOP 20 pathways between different growth stages and the green stage, as well as transient overexpression in chili, suggested that capsanthin/capsorubin synthase (PsCCS) of the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway contributed to the color change of plum fruit. These findings provide an insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in the ripening and color change of plum fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Lin
- Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences Biotechnology Institute, Fuzhou 350003, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yi
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (M.M.A.); (L.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (M.M.A.); (L.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (M.M.A.); (L.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Shaojuan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (M.M.A.); (L.Z.); (S.W.)
| | - Faxing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (X.Y.); (M.M.A.); (L.Z.); (S.W.)
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Guo WJ, Pommerrenig B, Neuhaus HE, Keller I. Interaction between sugar transport and plant development. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 288:154073. [PMID: 37603910 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous programs and constant interaction with the environment regulate the development of the plant organism and its individual organs. Sugars are necessary building blocks for plant and organ growth and at the same time act as critical integrators of the metabolic state into the developmental program. There is a growing recognition that the specific type of sugar and its subcellular or tissue distribution is sensed and translated to developmental responses. Therefore, the transport of sugars across membranes is a key process in adapting plant organ properties and overall development to the nutritional state of the plant. In this review, we discuss how plants exploit various sugar transporters to signal growth responses, for example, to control the development of sink organs such as roots or fruits. We highlight which sugar transporters are involved in root and shoot growth and branching, how intracellular sugar allocation can regulate senescence, and, for example, control fruit development. We link the important transport processes to downstream signaling cascades and elucidate the factors responsible for the integration of sugar signaling and plant hormone responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woei-Jiun Guo
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schrödinger Str., 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - H Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schrödinger Str., 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Isabel Keller
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schrödinger Str., 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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Chai L, Wang H, Yu H, Pang E, Lu T, Li Y, Jiang W, Li Q. Girdling promotes tomato fruit enlargement by enhancing fruit sink strength and triggering cytokinin accumulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1174403. [PMID: 37396637 PMCID: PMC10312241 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1174403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Girdling is a horticultural technique that enhances fruit size by allocating more carbohydrates to fruits, yet its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, girdling was applied to the main stems of tomato plants 14 days after anthesis. Following girdling, there was a significant increase in fruit volume, dry weight, and starch accumulation. Interestingly, although sucrose transport to the fruit increased, the fruit's sucrose concentration decreased. Girdling also led to an increase in the activities of enzymes involved in sucrose hydrolysis and AGPase, and to an upregulation in the expression of key genes related to sugar transport and utilization. Moreover, the assay of carboxyfluorescein (CF) signal in detached fruit indicated that girdled fruits exhibited a greater ability to take up carbohydrates. These results indicate that girdling improves sucrose unloading and sugar utilization in fruit, thereby enhancing fruit sink strength. In addition, girdling induced cytokinin (CK) accumulation, promoted cell division in the fruit, and upregulated the expression of genes related to CK synthesis and activation. Furthermore, the results of a sucrose injection experiment suggested that increased sucrose import induced CK accumulation in the fruit. This study sheds light on the mechanisms by which girdling promotes fruit enlargement and provides novel insights into the interaction between sugar import and CK accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiang Li
- *Correspondence: Qiang Li, ; Weijie Jiang,
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Prasad D, Jung WJ, Seo YW. Identification and molecular characterization of novel sucrose transporters in the hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Gene 2023; 860:147245. [PMID: 36736505 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Common wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a major cereal crop grown and consumed globally. Recent advances in sequencing technology have facilitated the exploration of large and repetitive genomes. Plant sucrose transporter (SUT) genes are vital components of energy transport systems that play prominent roles in various plant functions, such as signaling and stress regulation. In this study, we identified and analyzed five novel sucrose transporter genes in wheat. The wheat sucrose transporter genes were divided into five clades based on their phylogenetic relationships. Synteny analysis revealed that synteny in the genome is highly conserved between wheat and rye, barley, and Brachypodium. Furthermore, the cis-element analysis indicated that sucrose transporter genes might be regulated by light and some phytohormone-related transcriptional factors. Overall, plant tissue-specific gene expression revealed enhanced expression of the transporter genes in the root and stem, whereas they were differentially expressed under abiotic stress treatments (cold, heat, NaCl, PEG-6000, and sucrose). These results indicate that each TaSUT gene may play a crucial role in stabilizing plants under stress by actively regulating the energy demands of cells. The findings of this study may provide a basis for further research on sucrose transporters and their significant roles in plant energy metabolism as well as in abiotic stress response, signaling, and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Depika Prasad
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Woo Joo Jung
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Yong Weon Seo
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea.
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Sun F, Dong X, Li S, Sha H, Gao W, Bai X, Zhang L, Yang H. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of SUT gene family members in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Gene 2023; 870:147422. [PMID: 37031883 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose transporters (SUTs) play an important role in the transmembrane transport and distribution of sucrose, and their activity has an important impact on plant growth and crop yield. In this study, the SUT gene family was identified in the whole beet genome using bioinformatics methods, and gene characteristics, subcellular localization prediction, phylogenetic evolution, promoter cis-elements and expression patterns were systematically analyzed. A total of 9 SUT gene family members were identified from in beet genome and divided into 3 different groups (group 1, group 2, and Group 3), which were unevenly distributed on 4 chromosomes. Most SUT family members contained photoresponsive and hormone-regulated response elements. Subcellular localization prediction showed that the BvSUT genes are all located in the inner membrane, and most of the terms identified through GO enrichment analysis are classified as "membrane" related. The results of RT-qPCR showed that the expression level of the BvSUT gene was significantly higher in the tuber enlargement stage (100-140 d) than in other stages. This study is the first to analyze the BvSUT gene family in sugar beet, and it provides a theoretical basis for the functional exploration and application of SUT genes in crop improvement, especially in sugar crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglei Sun
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China.
| | - Xinjiu Dong
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Sizhong Li
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Hong Sha
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Weishi Gao
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Xiaoshan Bai
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Hongze Yang
- Research Institute of industrial Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, 830091, China.
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Gong HL, Liu JB, Igiraneza C, Dusengemungu L. Sucrose Transporter StSUT2 Affects Potato Plants Growth, Flowering Time, and Tuber Yield. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2629-2643. [PMID: 36975542 PMCID: PMC10047837 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45030172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sucrose transporters (SUTs) mediate sucrose phloem loading in source tissue and sucrose unloading into sink tissue in potatoes and higher plants, thus playing a crucial role in plant growth and development. In potatoes, the physiological function of the sucrose transporters StSUT1 and StSUT4 has been clarified, whereas the physiological role of StSUT2 is not yet fully understood. METHODS AND RESULTS This study analyzed the relative expression of StSUT2 compared to that of StSUT1 and StSUT4 in different tissues from potatoes and its impact on different physiological characteristics by using StSUT2-RNA interference lines. Here, we report a negative effect of StSUT2-RNA interference on plant height, fresh weight, internodes number, leaf area, flowering time, and tuber yield. However, our data indicate that StSUT2 is not involved in carbohydrate accumulation in potato leaves and tubers. In addition, the data of the RNA-seq between the StSUT2-RNA interference line and WT showed that 152 genes were differentially expressed, of which 128 genes were upregulated and 24 genes were downregulated, and the GO and KEGG analyses revealed that differentially expressed genes were mainly related to cell wall composition metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Thus, StSUT2 functions in potato plant growth, flowering time, and tuber yield without affecting carbohydrate accumulation in the leaves and tubers but may be involved in cell wall composition metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ling Gong
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, 287 Langongping Road, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Jin-Bao Liu
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, 287 Langongping Road, Lanzhou 730050, China
- Guangdong Hybribio Biotech Co., Ltd., Building 2, National Biomedical Industry Base, Yuzhong Park, Lanzhou 730100, China
| | - Clement Igiraneza
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, 287 Langongping Road, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Leonce Dusengemungu
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, 287 Langongping Road, Lanzhou 730050, China
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Zhang B, Li YN, Wu BH, Yuan YY, Zhao ZY. Plasma Membrane-Localized Transporter MdSWEET12 Is Involved in Sucrose Unloading in Apple Fruit. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15517-15530. [PMID: 36468541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sugar content is an important factor determining the flavor in apple fruit. Sugar unloading is a prerequisite step for sugar accumulation. However, little is known about sugar unloading mechanisms in apple. Transcriptomic sequencing of two apple varieties, "Envy" and "Pacific Rose," with significantly different sugar content was performed. MdSWEET12a from the SWEET transporter family was differentially expressed. Further study of the MdSWEET12a showed that this plasma membrane-localized transporter protein-encoding gene was mainly expressed in sieve element-companion cells (SE-CC) in the fruit, which was positively correlated with the sucrose accumulation during the development of "Envy" apple. Consistently manipulating the gene expression through either transient overexpression or silencing significantly increased or decreased the sugar content in apple fruit, respectively. Complementary growth experiments in mutant yeast cells indicated that MdSWEET12a transported sucrose. Heterologous expression of MdSWEET12a in tomato increased the expression of genes related to sugar metabolism and transport, leading to increased sugar content. These findings underpin the involvement of MdSWEET12a in sugar unloading in apple fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Research Center of Apple Engineering and Technology, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ya-Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Research Center of Apple Engineering and Technology, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bing-Hua Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian A&F University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yang-Yang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zheng-Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Research Center of Apple Engineering and Technology, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Biomolecular Strategies for Vascular Bundle Development to Improve Crop Yield. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121772. [PMID: 36551200 PMCID: PMC9775962 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The need to produce crops with higher yields is critical due to a growing global population, depletion of agricultural land, and severe climate change. Compared with the "source" and "sink" transport systems that have been studied a lot, the development and utilization of vascular bundles (conducting vessels in plants) are increasingly important. Due to the complexity of the vascular system, its structure, and its delicate and deep position in the plant body, the current research on model plants remains basic knowledge and has not been repeated for crops and applied to field production. In this review, we aim to summarize the current knowledge regarding biomolecular strategies of vascular bundles in transport systems (source-flow-sink), allocation, helping crop architecture establishment, and influence of the external environment. It is expected to help understand how to use sophisticated and advancing genetic engineering technology to improve the vascular system of crops to increase yield.
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Chen W, Diao W, Liu H, Guo Q, Song Q, Guo G, Wan H, Chen Y. Molecular characterization of SUT Gene Family in Solanaceae with emphasis on expression analysis of pepper genes during development and stresses. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14780-14798. [PMID: 36260305 PMCID: PMC9586639 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2107701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Sucrose, an essential carbohydrate, is transported from source to sink organs in the phloem and is involved in a variety of physiological and metabolic processes in plants. Sucrose transporter proteins (SUTs) may play significant parts in the phloem loading and unloading of sucrose. In our study, the SUT gene family was identified in four Solanaceae species (Capsicum annuum, Solanum lycopersicum, S. melongena, and S. tuberosum) and other 14 plant species ranged from lower and high plants. The comprehensive analysis was performed by integration of chromosomal distribution, gene structure, conserved motifs, evolutionary relationship and expression profiles during pepper growth under stresses. Chromosome mapping revealed that SUT genes in Solanaceae were distributed on chromosomes 4, 10 and 11. Gene structure analysis showed that the subgroup 1 members have the same number of introns and exons. All the SUTs had 12 transmembrane structural domains exception from CaSUT2 and SmSUT2, indicating that a structure variation might occurred among the Solanaceae SUT proteins. We also found a total of 20 conserved motifs, with over half of them shared by all SUT proteins, and the SUT proteins from the same subgroup shared common motifs. Phylogenetic analysis divided a total of 72 SUT genes in the plant species tested into three groups, and subgroup 1 might have diverged from a single common ancestor prior to the mono-dicot split. Finally, expression levels of CaSUTs were induced significantly under heat, cold, and salt treatments, indicating diverse functions of the CaSUTs to adapt to adverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Chen
- College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou310021, PR China
| | - Weiping Diao
- Institute of Vegetable crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Huiqing Liu
- Quzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Qinwei Guo
- Quzhou Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Qiuping Song
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou310021, PR China
| | - Guangjun Guo
- Institute of Vegetable crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Hongjian Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou310021, PR China,Hongjian Wan State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou310021, PR China
| | - Yougen Chen
- College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China,CONTACT Yougen Chen College of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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11
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Wen S, Neuhaus HE, Cheng J, Bie Z. Contributions of sugar transporters to crop yield and fruit quality. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2275-2289. [PMID: 35139196 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The flux, distribution, and storage of soluble sugars regulate crop yield in terms of starch, oil, protein, and total carbohydrates, and affect the quality of many horticultural products. Sugar transporters contribute to phloem loading and unloading. The mechanisms of phloem loading have been studied in detail, but the complex and diverse mechanisms of phloem unloading and sugar storage in sink organs are less explored. Unloading and subsequent transport mechanisms for carbohydrates vary in different sink organs. Analyzing the transport and storage mechanisms of carbohydrates in important storage organs, such as cereal seeds, fruits, or stems of sugarcane, will provide information for genetic improvements to increase crop yield and fruit quality. This review discusses current research progress on sugar transporters involved in carbohydrate unloading and storage in sink organs. The roles of sugar transporters in crop yield and the accumulation of sugars are also discussed to highlight their contribution to efficient breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suying Wen
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University and Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - H Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, D-67653 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jintao Cheng
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University and Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Zhilong Bie
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University and Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
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12
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Li J, Zhang M, Li X, Khan A, Kumar S, Allan AC, Lin-Wang K, Espley RV, Wang C, Wang R, Xue C, Yao G, Qin M, Sun M, Tegtmeier R, Liu H, Wei W, Ming M, Zhang S, Zhao K, Song B, Ni J, An J, Korban SS, Wu J. Pear genetics: Recent advances, new prospects, and a roadmap for the future. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhab040. [PMID: 35031796 PMCID: PMC8778596 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhab040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pear, belonging to the genus Pyrus, is one of the most economically important temperate fruit crops. Pyrus is an important genus of the Rosaceae family, subfamily Maloideae, and has at least 22 different species with over 5000 accessions maintained or identified worldwide. With the release of draft whole-genome sequences for Pyrus, opportunities for pursuing studies on the evolution, domestication, and molecular breeding of pear, as well as for conducting comparative genomics analyses within the Rosaceae family, have been greatly expanded. In this review, we highlight key advances in pear genetics, genomics, and breeding driven by the availability of whole-genome sequences, including whole-genome resequencing efforts, pear domestication, and evolution. We cover updates on new resources for undertaking gene identification and molecular breeding, as well as for pursuing functional validation of genes associated with desirable economic traits. We also explore future directions for "pear-omics".
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Li
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Awais Khan
- Plant Pathology & Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
| | - Satish Kumar
- Hawke’s Bay Research Centre, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Havelock North 4157, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Charles Allan
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Kui Lin-Wang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Richard Victor Espley
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Caihong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Runze Wang
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Cheng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Gaifang Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 230009 Hefei, China
| | - Mengfan Qin
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Manyi Sun
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Richard Tegtmeier
- Plant Pathology & Plant-Microbe Biology Section, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
| | - Hainan Liu
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weilin Wei
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Meiling Ming
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kejiao Zhao
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bobo Song
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiangping Ni
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianping An
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Schuyler S Korban
- Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jun Wu
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Ko HY, Ho LH, Neuhaus HE, Guo WJ. Transporter SlSWEET15 unloads sucrose from phloem and seed coat for fruit and seed development in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2230-2245. [PMID: 34618023 PMCID: PMC8644451 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersium), an important fruit crop worldwide, requires efficient sugar allocation for fruit development. However, molecular mechanisms for sugar import to fruits remain poorly understood. Expression of sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEETs) proteins is closely linked to high fructose/glucose ratios in tomato fruits and may be involved in sugar allocation. Here, we discovered that SlSWEET15 is highly expressed in developing fruits compared to vegetative organs. In situ hybridization and β-glucuronidase fusion analyses revealed SlSWEET15 proteins accumulate in vascular tissues and seed coats, major sites of sucrose unloading in fruits. Localizing SlSWEET15-green fluorescent protein to the plasma membrane supported its putative role in apoplasmic sucrose unloading. The sucrose transport activity of SlSWEET15 was confirmed by complementary growth assays in a yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) mutant. Elimination of SlSWEET15 function by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs)/CRISPR-associated protein gene editing significantly decreased average sizes and weights of fruits, with severe defects in seed filling and embryo development. Altogether, our studies suggest a role of SlSWEET15 in mediating sucrose efflux from the releasing phloem cells to the fruit apoplasm and subsequent import into storage parenchyma cells during fruit development. Furthermore, SlSWEET15-mediated sucrose efflux is likely required for sucrose unloading from the seed coat to the developing embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yu Ko
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 7013, Taiwan
| | - Li-Hsuan Ho
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 7013, Taiwan
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - H Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Woei-Jiun Guo
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 7013, Taiwan
- Author for communication:
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14
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Cai Y, Yin L, Tu W, Deng Z, Yan J, Dong W, Gao H, Xu J, Zhang N, Wang J, Zhu L, Meng Q, Zhang Y. Ectopic Expression of VvSUC27 Induces Stenospermocarpy and Sugar Accumulation in Tomato Fruits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:759047. [PMID: 34868153 PMCID: PMC8637806 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.759047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seedless fruits are favorable in the market because of their ease of manipulation. Sucrose transporters (SUTs or SUCs) are essential for carbohydrate metabolism in plants. Whether SUTs participate directly in causing stenospermocarpy, thereby increasing fruit quality, remains unclear. Three SUTs, namely, VvSUC11, VvSUC12, and VvSUC27 from Vitis vinifera, were characterized and ectopic expression in tomatoes. VvSUC11- and VvSUC12-overexpressing lines had similar flower and fruit phenotypes compared with those of the wild type. VvSUC27-overexpressing lines produced longer petals and pistils, an abnormal stigma, much less and shrunken pollen, and firmer seedless fruits. Moreover, produced fruits from all VvSUC-overexpressing lines had a higher soluble solid content and sugar concentration. Transcriptomic analysis revealed more genes associated with carbohydrate metabolism and sugar transport and showed downregulation of auxin- and ethylene-related signaling pathways during early fruit development in VvSUC27-overexpressing lines relative to that of the wild type. Our findings demonstrated that stenospermocarpy can be induced by overexpression of VvSUC27 through a consequential reduction in nutrient delivery to pollen at anthesis, with a subsequent downregulation of the genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism and hormone signaling. These commercially desirable results provide a new strategy for bioengineering stenospermocarpy in tomatoes and in other fruit plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Cai
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Crops Research Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Ling Yin
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Wenrui Tu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhefang Deng
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yan
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Dong
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Gao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxu Xu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Qingyong Meng
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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15
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Hetero/Homo-Complexes of Sucrose Transporters May Be a Subtle Mode to Regulate Sucrose Transportation in Grape Berries. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112062. [PMID: 34769493 PMCID: PMC8584533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sugar distribution mechanism in fruits has been the focus of research worldwide; however, it remains unclear. In order to elucidate the relevant mechanisms in grape berries, the expression, localization, function, and regulation of three sucrose transporters were studied in three representative Vitis varieties. Both SUC11 and SUC12 expression levels were positively correlated with sugar accumulation in grape berries, whereas SUC27 showed a negative relationship. The alignment analysis and sucrose transport ability of isolated SUCs were determined to reflect coding region variations among V. vinifera, V. amurensis Ruper, and V. riparia, indicating that functional variation existed in one SUT from different varieties. Furthermore, potentially oligomerized abilities of VvSUCs colocalized in the sieve elements of the phloem as plasma membrane proteins were verified. The effects of oligomerization on transport properties were characterized in yeast. VvSUC11 and VvSUC12 are high-affinity/low-capacity types of SUTs that stimulate each other by upregulating Vmax and Km, inhibiting sucrose transport, and downregulating the Km of VvSUC27. Thus, changes in the distribution of different SUTs in the same cell govern functional regulation. The activation and inhibition of sucrose transport could be achieved in different stages and tissues of grape development to achieve an effective distribution of sugar.
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16
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Sabbadini S, Capocasa F, Battino M, Mazzoni L, Mezzetti B. Improved nutritional quality in fruit tree species through traditional and biotechnological approaches. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Yang H, Wu Y, Wu W, Lyu L, Li W. Transcriptomic analysis of blackberry plant (Rubus spp.) reveals a comprehensive metabolic network involved in fruit ripening process. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00896-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Ni J, Li J, Zhu R, Zhang M, Qi K, Zhang S, Wu J. Overexpression of sugar transporter gene PbSWEET4 of pear causes sugar reduce and early senescence in leaves. Gene 2020; 743:144582. [PMID: 32173543 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
As the main energy source for generating ATP during plant growth and development, sugars are synthesized in leaves, while sugar allocation depends on both intracellular transport between different organelles and source-to-sink transport. However, sugar transport related research is limited in pear. Here, a sugar transporter PbSWEET4 was identified that control sugar content and senescence in leaf. Phylogenetic analysis and multiple sequence alignment results indicated that PbSWEET4 was homologous to AtSWEET15, which contained two conserved domains and could promote senescence. The qRT-PCR and transcriptome database result showed that the expression of PbSWEET4 was positively correlated with leaf development, especially highly expressed in older leaves. Furthermore, the evaluation of promoter-GUS activity also indicated that PbSWEET4 exhibited the highest expression level in older leaves. The subcellular localization revealed that the PbSWEET4 localized in the plasma membrane. Finally, overexpression of the PbSWEET4 in strawberry plants could reduce leaf sugar content and chlorophyll content, while accelerate leaf senescence, which might be due to enhanced export of sugars from leaves. These results enrich the knowledge about the function of sugar exporter in regulating the fruit species development, and provide a novel genetic resource for future improvement in carbohydrate partitioning for pear and other fruit trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangping Ni
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rongxiang Zhu
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Kaijie Qi
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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19
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Peng Q, Cai Y, Lai E, Nakamura M, Liao L, Zheng B, Ogutu C, Cherono S, Han Y. The sucrose transporter MdSUT4.1 participates in the regulation of fruit sugar accumulation in apple. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:191. [PMID: 32375636 PMCID: PMC7203859 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sugar content is an important determinant of fruit sweetness, but details on the complex molecular mechanism underlying fruit sugar accumulation remain scarce. Here, we report the role of sucrose transporter (SUT) family in regulating fruit sugar accumulation in apple. RESULTS Gene-tagged markers were developed to conduct candidate gene-based association study, and an SUT4 member MdSUT4.1 was found to be significantly associated with fruit sugar accumulation. MdSUT4.1 encodes a tonoplast localized protein and its expression level had a negative correlation with fruit sugar content. Overexpression of MdSUT4.1 in strawberry and apple callus had an overall negative impact on sugar accumulation, suggesting that it functions to remobilize sugar out of the vacuole. In addition, MdSUT4.1 is located on chromosomal region harboring a previously reported QTL for sugar content, suggesting that it is a candidate gene for fruit sugar accumulation in apple. CONCLUSIONS MdSUT4.1 is involved in the regulation of fruit sugar accumulation in apple. This study is not only helpful for understanding the complex mechanism of fruit sugar accumulation, but it also provides molecular tools for genetic improvement of fruit quality in breeding programs of apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yaming Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Enhui Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Masayoshi Nakamura
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Liao Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Beibei Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Collins Ogutu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Sylvia Cherono
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquanlu, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuepeng Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Sino-African Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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20
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Cai Y, Yan J, Tu W, Deng Z, Dong W, Gao H, Xu J, Zhang N, Yin L, Meng Q, Zhang Y. Expression of Sucrose Transporters from Vitis vinifera Confer High Yield and Enhances Drought Resistance in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072624. [PMID: 32283825 PMCID: PMC7177370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sucrose is the predominant form of sugar transported from photosynthetic (source) to non-photosynthetic (sink) organs in higher plants relying on the transporting function of sucrose transporters (SUTs or SUCs). Many SUTs have been identified and characterized in both monocots and dicots. However, the function of sucrose transporters (SUTs or SUCs) from Vitis is not clear. As the world’s most planted grape species, Vitis vinifera owns three sucrose transport activity verified SUTs. In this study, we constructed three kinds of VvSUC (Vitis vinifera SUC)-overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis. VvSUC-overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis was cultured on sucrose-supplemented medium. VvSUC11- and VvSUC12-overexpressing lines had similar thrived growth phenotypes, whereas the size and number of leaves and roots from VvSUC27-overexpressing lines were reduced compared with that of WT. When plants were cultured in soil, all SUT transgenic seedlings produced more number of leaves and siliques, resulting in higher yield (38.6% for VvSUC12-transformants) than that of WT. Besides, VvSUC27-transformants and VvSUC11-transformants enhanced drought resistance in Arabidopsis, providing a promising target for crop improvement
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Cai
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (W.T.); (Z.D.); (W.D.); (H.G.); (J.X.); (N.Z.)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Crops Research Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jing Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (W.T.); (Z.D.); (W.D.); (H.G.); (J.X.); (N.Z.)
| | - Wenrui Tu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (W.T.); (Z.D.); (W.D.); (H.G.); (J.X.); (N.Z.)
| | - Zhefang Deng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (W.T.); (Z.D.); (W.D.); (H.G.); (J.X.); (N.Z.)
| | - Wenjie Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (W.T.); (Z.D.); (W.D.); (H.G.); (J.X.); (N.Z.)
| | - Han Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (W.T.); (Z.D.); (W.D.); (H.G.); (J.X.); (N.Z.)
| | - Jinxu Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (W.T.); (Z.D.); (W.D.); (H.G.); (J.X.); (N.Z.)
| | - Nan Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (W.T.); (Z.D.); (W.D.); (H.G.); (J.X.); (N.Z.)
| | - Ling Yin
- Guangxi Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology Key Lab, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Qingyong Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- The State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.C.); (J.Y.); (W.T.); (Z.D.); (W.D.); (H.G.); (J.X.); (N.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-62737465
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21
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Lu MZ, Snyder R, Grant J, Tegeder M. Manipulation of sucrose phloem and embryo loading affects pea leaf metabolism, carbon and nitrogen partitioning to sinks as well as seed storage pools. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 101:217-236. [PMID: 31520495 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Seed development largely depends on the long-distance transport of sucrose from photosynthetically active source leaves to seed sinks. This source-to-sink carbon allocation occurs in the phloem and requires the loading of sucrose into the leaf phloem and, at the sink end, its import into the growing embryo. Both tasks are achieved through the function of SUT sucrose transporters. In this study, we used vegetable peas (Pisum sativum L.), harvested for human consumption as immature seeds, as our model crop and simultaneously overexpressed the endogenous SUT1 transporter in the leaf phloem and in cotyledon epidermal cells where import into the embryo occurs. Using this 'Push-and-Pull' approach, the transgenic SUT1 plants displayed increased sucrose phloem loading and carbon movement from source to sink causing higher sucrose levels in developing pea seeds. The enhanced sucrose partitioning further led to improved photosynthesis rates, increased leaf nitrogen assimilation, and enhanced source-to-sink transport of amino acids. Embryo loading with amino acids was also increased in SUT1-overexpressors resulting in higher protein levels in immature seeds. Further, transgenic plants grown until desiccation produced more seed protein and starch, as well as higher seed yields than the wild-type plants. Together, the results demonstrate that the SUT1-overexpressing plants with enhanced sucrose allocation to sinks adjust leaf carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and amino acid partitioning in order to accommodate the increased assimilate demand of growing seeds. We further provide evidence that the combined Push-and-Pull approach for enhancing carbon transport is a successful strategy for improving seed yields and nutritional quality in legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Rachel Snyder
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Jan Grant
- New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand
| | - Mechthild Tegeder
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
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Singer SD, Soolanayakanahally RY, Foroud NA, Kroebel R. Biotechnological strategies for improved photosynthesis in a future of elevated atmospheric CO 2. PLANTA 2019; 251:24. [PMID: 31784816 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The improvement of photosynthesis using biotechnological approaches has been the focus of much research. It is now vital that these strategies be assessed under future atmospheric conditions. The demand for crop products is expanding at an alarming rate due to population growth, enhanced affluence, increased per capita calorie consumption, and an escalating need for plant-based bioproducts. While solving this issue will undoubtedly involve a multifaceted approach, improving crop productivity will almost certainly provide one piece of the puzzle. The improvement of photosynthetic efficiency has been a long-standing goal of plant biotechnologists as possibly one of the last remaining means of achieving higher yielding crops. However, the vast majority of these studies have not taken into consideration possible outcomes when these plants are grown long-term under the elevated CO2 concentrations (e[CO2]) that will be evident in the not too distant future. Due to the considerable effect that CO2 levels have on the photosynthetic process, these assessments should become commonplace as a means of ensuring that research in this field focuses on the most effective approaches for our future climate scenarios. In this review, we discuss the main biotechnological research strategies that are currently underway with the aim of improving photosynthetic efficiency and biomass production/yields in the context of a future of e[CO2], as well as alternative approaches that may provide further photosynthetic benefits under these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy D Singer
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada.
| | - Raju Y Soolanayakanahally
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0X2, Canada
| | - Nora A Foroud
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Roland Kroebel
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB, T1J 4B1, Canada
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23
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Zhang Z, Zou L, Ren C, Ren F, Wang Y, Fan P, Li S, Liang Z. VvSWEET10 Mediates Sugar Accumulation in Grapes. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10040255. [PMID: 30925768 PMCID: PMC6523336 DOI: 10.3390/genes10040255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugar accumulation is a critical event during grape berry ripening that determines the grape market values. Berry cells are highly dependent on sugar transporters to mediate cross-membrane transport. However, the role of sugar transporters in improving sugar accumulation in berries is not well established in grapes. Herein we report that a Sugars Will Eventually be Exported Transporter (SWEET), that is, VvSWEET10, was strongly expressed at the onset of ripening (véraison) and can improve grape sugar content. VvSWEET10 encodes a plasma membrane-localized transporter, and the heterologous expression of VvSWEET10 indicates that VvSWEET10 is a hexose-affinity transporter and has a broad spectrum of sugar transport functions. VvSWEET10 overexpression in grapevine calli and tomatoes increased the glucose, fructose, and total sugar levels significantly. The RNA sequencing results of grapevine transgenic calli showed that many sugar transporter genes and invertase genes were upregulated and suggest that VvSWEET10 may mediate sugar accumulation. These findings elucidated the role of VvSWEET10 in sugar accumulation and will be beneficial for the improvement of grape berry quality in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Luming Zou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Chong Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Fengrui Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Peige Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Shaohua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Zhenchang Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, and CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, the Innovative Academy of Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China.
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
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24
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Lü H, Li J, Huang Y, Zhang M, Zhang S, Wu J. Genome-wide identification, expression and functional analysis of the phosphofructokinase gene family in Chinese white pear (Pyrus bretschneideri). Gene 2019; 702:133-142. [PMID: 30904717 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Phosphofructokinase plays an essential role in sugar metabolism in plants. Plants possess two types of phosphofructokinase proteins for phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate, the pyrophosphate-dependent fructose-6-phosphate phosphotransferase (PFP), and the ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase (PFK). Until now, the gene evolution, expression patterns, and functions of phosphofructokinase proteins were unknown in pear. In this report, 14 phosphofructokinase genes were identified in pear. The phylogenetic tree indicated that the phosphofructokinase gene family could be grouped into two subfamilies, with 10 genes belonging to the PbPFK subfamily, and 4 genes belonging to the PbPFP subfamily. Conserved motifs and exon numbers of the phosphofructokinase were found in pear and other six species. The evolution analysis indicated that WGD/Segmental and dispersed duplications were the main duplication models for the phosphofructokinase genes expansion in pear and other six species. Analysis of cis-regulatory element sequences of all phosphofructokinase genes identified light regulation and the MYB binding site in the promoter of all pear phosphofructokinase genes, suggesting that phosphofructokinase might could be regulated by light and MYB transcription factors (TFs). Gene expression patterns revealed that PbPFP1 showed similar pattern with sorbitol contents, suggesting important contributions to sugar accumulation during fruit development. Further functional analysis indicated that the phosphofructokinase gene PbPFP1 was localized on plasma membrane compartment, indicating that PbPFP1 had function in plasma membrane. Transient transformation of PbPFP1 in pear fruits led to significant increases of fructose and sorbitol compared to controls. Overall, our study provides important insights into the gene expression patterns and important potential functions of phosphofructokinase for sugar accumulation in pear fruits, which will help to enrich understanding of sugar-related bio-pathways and lay the molecular basis for fruit quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Lü
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Centre of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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25
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Cheng R, Cheng Y, Lü J, Chen J, Wang Y, Zhang S, Zhang H. The gene PbTMT4 from pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) mediates vacuolar sugar transport and strongly affects sugar accumulation in fruit. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 164:307-319. [PMID: 29603749 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Tonoplast monosaccharide transporters (TMTs) play important roles in vacuolar sugar accumulation in plants. In this study, six TMT genes (PbTMT1-6) were identified in the Pyrus bretschneideri genome database, and their expression profiles were correlated with soluble sugar contents during the pear (P. bretschneideri cv. Ya Li) fruit development process. Subsequently, PbTMT4 was identified as a strong contributor to fructose, glucose and sucrose accumulation in fructescence of pears. Heterologous expression of PbTMT4, in the hexose transporter-deficient yeast strain EBY.VW4000, facilitated growth in media containing low levels of glucose, fructose, sucrose or sorbitol. In addition, PbTMT4-transformed tomato plants flowered and bore fruit significantly earlier than wild-type (WT) plants, and glucose and fructose levels in mature tomatoes were increased by about 32 and 21% compared with those in WT plants. However, no obvious alterations in sucrose content, plant height and weight per fruit were observed. Finally, subcellular localization experiments in transformed Arabidopsis plants showed that PbTMT4 is localized to tonoplast vesicles of protoplasts. These preliminary results suggest that PbTMT4 participates in vacuolar accumulation of sugars, and thus affects plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yinsheng Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiahong Lü
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yingzhen Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huping Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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