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Monika G, Melanie Kim SR, Kumar PS, Gayathri KV, Rangasamy G, Saravanan A. Biofortification: A long-term solution to improve global health- a review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 314:137713. [PMID: 36596329 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biofortification is a revolutionary technique for improving plant nutrition and alleviating human micronutrient deficiency. Fertilizers can help increase crop yield and growth, but applying too much fertilizer can be a problem because it leads to the release of greenhouse gases and eutrophication. One of the major global hazards that affects more than two million people globally is the decreased availability of micronutrients in food crops, which results in micronutrient deficiencies or "hidden hunger" in people. Micronutrients, like macronutrients, perform a variety of roles in plant and human nutrition. This review has highlighted the importance of micronutrients as well as their advantages. The uneven distribution of micronutrients in geological areas is not the only factor responsible for micronutrient deficiencies, other parameters including soil moisture, temperature, texture of the soil, and soil pH significantly affects the micronutrient concentration and their availability in the soil. To overcome this, different biofortification approaches are assessed in the review in which microbes mediated, Agronomic approaches, Plant breeding, and transgenic approaches are discussed. Hidden hunger can result in risky health conditions and diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, neurological disorders, and many more. Microbes-mediated biofortification is a novel and promising solution for the bioavailability of nutrients to plants in order to address these problems. Biofortification is cost effective, feasible, and environmentally sustainable. Bio-fortified crops boost our immunity, which helps us to combat these deadly viruses. The studies we discussed in this review have demonstrated that they can aid in the alleviation of hidden hunger.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Monika
- Department of Biotechnology, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, India
| | - S Rhoda Melanie Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - K Veena Gayathri
- Department of Biotechnology, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Chennai, India.
| | - Gayathri Rangasamy
- School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; University Centre for Research and Development & Department of Civil Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India.
| | - A Saravanan
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
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Ithnin M, Othman A, Tahir NIM, Banisetti KB, Abd Halim MA, Rajesh MK. Oil Palm: Genome Designing for Improved Nutritional Quality. COMPENDIUM OF CROP GENOME DESIGNING FOR NUTRACEUTICALS 2023:1-41. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-3627-2_22-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Bhardwaj AK, Chejara S, Malik K, Kumar R, Kumar A, Yadav RK. Agronomic biofortification of food crops: An emerging opportunity for global food and nutritional security. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1055278. [PMID: 36570883 PMCID: PMC9780467 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1055278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Fortification of food with mineral micronutrients and micronutrient supplementation occupied the center stage during the two-year-long Corona Pandemic, highlighting the urgent need to focus on micronutrition. Focus has also been intensified on the biofortification (natural assimilation) of mineral micronutrients into food crops using various techniques like agronomic, genetic, or transgenic. Agronomic biofortification is a time-tested method and has been found useful in the fortification of several nutrients in several crops, yet the nutrient use and uptake efficiency of crops has been noted to vary due to different growing conditions like soil type, crop management, fertilizer type, etc. Agronomic biofortification can be an important tool in achieving nutritional security and its importance has recently increased because of climate change related issues, and pandemics such as COVID-19. The introduction of high specialty fertilizers like nano-fertilizers, chelated fertilizers, and water-soluble fertilizers that have high nutrient uptake efficiency and better nutrient translocation to the consumable parts of a crop plant has further improved the effectiveness of agronomic biofortification. Several new agronomic biofortification techniques like nutripriming, foliar application, soilless activation, and mechanized application techniques have further increased the relevance of agronomic biofortification. These new technological advances, along with an increased realization of mineral micronutrient nutrition have reinforced the relevance of agronomic biofortification for global food and nutritional security. The review highlights the advances made in the field of agronomic biofortification via the improved new fertilizer forms, and the emerging techniques that achieve better micronutrient use efficiency of crop plants.
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Kong D, Khan SA, Wu H, Liu Y, Ling HQ. Biofortification of iron and zinc in rice and wheat. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:1157-1167. [PMID: 35396901 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Iron and zinc are critical micronutrients for human health. Approximately two billion people suffer from iron and zinc deficiencies worldwide, most of whom rely on rice (Oryza sativa) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) as staple foods. Therefore, biofortifying rice and wheat with iron and zinc is an important and economical approach to ameliorate these nutritional deficiencies. In this review, we provide a brief introduction to iron and zinc uptake, translocation, storage, and signaling pathways in rice and wheat. We then discuss current progress in efforts to biofortify rice and wheat with iron and zinc. Finally, we provide future perspectives for the biofortification of rice and wheat with iron and zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danyu Kong
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, 332900, Jiangxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Sabaz Ali Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad-Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Huilan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, 332900, Jiangxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hong-Qing Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Kapoor P, Dhaka RK, Sihag P, Mehla S, Sagwal V, Singh Y, Langaya S, Balyan P, Singh KP, Xing B, White JC, Dhankher OP, Kumar U. Nanotechnology-enabled biofortification strategies for micronutrients enrichment of food crops: Current understanding and future scope. NANOIMPACT 2022; 26:100407. [PMID: 35594741 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2022.100407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient deficiency in food crops severely compromises human health, particularly in under privileged communities. Globally, billions of people, particularly in developing nations, have limited access to nutritional supplements and fortified foods, subsequently suffering from micronutrient deficiency leading to a range of health issues. The green revolution enhanced crop production and provided food to billions of people but often falls short with respect to the nutritional quality of that food. Plants may assimilate nutrients from synthetic chemical fertilizers, but this approach generally has low nutrient delivery and use efficiency. Further, the overexposure of chemical fertilizers may increase the risk of neoplastic diseases, render food crops unfit for consumption and cause environmental degradation. Therefore, to address these challenges, more research is needed for sustainable crop yield and quality enhancement with minimum use of chemical fertilizers. Complex nutritional disorders and 'hidden hunger' can be addressed through biofortification of food crops. Nanotechnology may help to improve food quality via biofortification as plants may readily acquire nanoparticle-based nutrients. Nanofertilizers are target specific, possess controlled release, and can be retained for relatively long time periods, thus prevent leaching or run-off from soil. This review evaluates the recent literature on the development and use of nanofertilizers, their effects on the environment, and benefits to food quality. Further, the review highlights the potential of nanomaterials on plant genetics in biofortification, as well as issues of affordability, sustainability, and toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prexha Kapoor
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
| | - Rahul Kumar Dhaka
- Department of Chemistry & Centre for Bio-Nanotechnology, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
| | - Pooja Sihag
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
| | - Sheetal Mehla
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
| | - Vijeta Sagwal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
| | - Yogita Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
| | - Sonu Langaya
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India
| | - Priyanka Balyan
- Department of Botany, Deva Nagri P.G. College, CCS University Meerut, 245206, India
| | - Krishna Pal Singh
- Biophysics Unit, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, GB Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar 263145, India; Vice-Chancellor's Secretariat, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly 243001, India
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT 06504, USA
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
| | - Upendra Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India.
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Current Status and Potential of Biofortification to Enhance Crop Nutritional Quality: An Overview. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14063301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Around 2 billion people are suffering from chronic malnutrition or “hidden hunger”, which is the result of many diseases and disorders, including cognitive degeneration, stunting growth, and mortality. Thus, biofortification of staple food crops enriched with micronutrients is a more sustainable option for providing nutritional supplements and managing malnutrition in a society. Since 2001, when the concept of biofortification came to light, different research activities have been carried out, like the development of target populations, breeding or genetic engineering, and the release of biofortified cultivars, in addition to conducting nutritional efficacy trials and delivery plan development. Although, being a cost-effective intervention, it still faces many challenges, like easy accessibility of biofortified cultivars, stakeholders’ acceptance, and the availability of biofortified germplasm in the public domain, which varies from region to region. Hence, this review is focused on the recent potential, efforts made to crop biofortification, impacts analysis on human health, cost-effectiveness, and future perspectives to further strengthen biofortification programs. Through regular interventions of sustainable techniques and methodologies, biofortification holds huge potential to solve the malnutrition problem through regular interventions of nutrient-enriched staple food options for billions of people globally.
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Mulk S, Wahab A, Yasmin H, Mumtaz S, El-Serehy HA, Khan N, Hassan MN. Prevalence of Wheat Associated Bacillus spp. and Their Bio-Control Efficacy Against Fusarium Root Rot. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:798619. [PMID: 35310393 PMCID: PMC8927631 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.798619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus spp. are the most prevalent group of bacteria in nature. Their prevalence depends upon multiple factors, namely, sporulation, antagonism, and production of secondary metabolites. The development of an eco-friendly approach to cope with edible crops diseases is very substantial for humans. In the present study, 658 isolates were obtained from wheat grown in the wheat rice cropping system and tested for their antagonistic activity against four wheat root rot pathogens, namely, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium moniliforme, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Rhizoctonia solani. Out of 658, 106 isolates were found antagonistic to either single or multiple fungi. Out of 106 antagonistic bacteria, 62 (23%) were rhizospheric, 28 (14%) were root endospheric, and 16 (9%) were leaf endospheric. Based on mean inhibition against all fungi, the bacterial strains SM-39 and SM-93 showed maximum antagonistic activity. The 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed that most of the antagonistic bacteria exhibiting ≥48% antagonism were Bacillus spp. (98%), except two were Klebsiella spp. (2%). The bacterial strains exhibited phylogenetic lineage with the type strains of the respective genus based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences. In the net house experiment, Bacillus velezensis (SM-39) and Bacillus cabrialesii (SM-93) significantly suppressed Fusarium root rot severity in wheat (42–62%). Plants treated with these strains had lower electrolytic leakage (29–36%), as compared to untreated (44%). Relative water content was much higher (46–58%) for plants inoculated with these strains. These antagonistic strains also considerably colonized the wheat rhizosphere with a cell population of 5.8–6.9.log CFU/g of soil. The rhizosphere of wheat grown in the wheat-rice cropping system could be the potential habitat of effective biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Mulk
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wahab
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Yasmin
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Humaira Yasmin,
| | - Saqib Mumtaz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hamed A. El-Serehy
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida University, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Muhammad Nadeem Hassan
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Nadeem Hassan,
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Dhaliwal SS, Sharma V, Shukla AK, Verma V, Kaur M, Shivay YS, Nisar S, Gaber A, Brestic M, Barek V, Skalicky M, Ondrisik P, Hossain A. Biofortification-A Frontier Novel Approach to Enrich Micronutrients in Field Crops to Encounter the Nutritional Security. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041340. [PMID: 35209127 PMCID: PMC8877941 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Globally, many developing countries are facing silent epidemics of nutritional deficiencies in human beings and animals. The lack of diversity in diet, i.e., cereal-based crops deficient in mineral nutrients is an additional threat to nutritional quality. The present review accounts for the significance of biofortification as a process to enhance the productivity of crops and also an agricultural solution to address the issues of nutritional security. In this endeavor, different innovative and specific biofortification approaches have been discussed for nutrient enrichment of field crops including cereals, pulses, oilseeds and fodder crops. The agronomic approach increases the micronutrient density in crops with soil and foliar application of fertilizers including amendments. The biofortification through conventional breeding approach includes the selection of efficient genotypes, practicing crossing of plants with desirable nutritional traits without sacrificing agricultural and economic productivity. However, the transgenic/biotechnological approach involves the synthesis of transgenes for micronutrient re-translocation between tissues to enhance their bioavailability. Soil microorganisms enhance nutrient content in the rhizosphere through diverse mechanisms such as synthesis, mobilization, transformations and siderophore production which accumulate more minerals in plants. Different sources of micronutrients viz. mineral solutions, chelates and nanoparticles play a pivotal role in the process of biofortification as it regulates the absorption rates and mechanisms in plants. Apart from the quality parameters, biofortification also improved the crop yield to alleviate hidden hunger thus proving to be a sustainable and cost-effective approach. Thus, this review article conveys a message for researchers about the adequate potential of biofortification to increase crop productivity and nourish the crop with additional nutrient content to provide food security and nutritional quality to humans and livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwinder Singh Dhaliwal
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India; (S.S.D.); (V.S.); (V.V.); (M.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India; (S.S.D.); (V.S.); (V.V.); (M.K.); (S.N.)
| | | | - Vibha Verma
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India; (S.S.D.); (V.S.); (V.V.); (M.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Manmeet Kaur
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India; (S.S.D.); (V.S.); (V.V.); (M.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Yashbir Singh Shivay
- Department of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR), New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Shahida Nisar
- Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India; (S.S.D.); (V.S.); (V.V.); (M.K.); (S.N.)
| | - Ahmed Gaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia;
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Viliam Barek
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Peter Ondrisik
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (A.H.)
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Bathla S, Arora S. Prevalence and approaches to manage iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8815-8828. [PMID: 34096415 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1935442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Iron is a vital micronutrient required for growth and development at all stages of human life. Its deficiency is the primary cause of anemia that poses a significant global health problem and challenge for developing countries. Various risks are involved during iron deficiency anemia (IDA), such as premature delivery, low birth weight, etc. Further, it affects children's cognitive functioning, delays motor development, hampers physical performance and quality of life. It also speeds up the morbidity and mortality rate among women. The major reasons accountable are elevated iron demand in diet, socio-economic status, and disease condition. Various strategies have been adopted to reduce the IDA occurrence, such as iron supplementation, iron fortificants salts, agronomic practices, dietary diversification, biofortification, disease control measures, and nutritional education. Usually, the staple food groups for fortification are considered, but the selection of food fortificants and their combination must be safe for the consumers and not alter the finished product's stability and acceptability. Genetically modified breeding practices also increase the micronutrient levels of cereal crops. Therefore, multiple strategies could be relied on to combat IDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Bathla
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 144516, India
| | - Shalini Arora
- Department of Dairy Technology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
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Glutacetine ® Biostimulant Applied on Wheat under Contrasting Field Conditions Improves Grain Number Leading to Better Yield, Upgrades N-Related Traits and Changes Grain Ionome. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030456. [PMID: 33670931 PMCID: PMC7997451 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Wheat is one of the most important cereals for human nutrition, but nitrogen (N) losses during its cultivation cause economic problems and environmental risks. In order to improve N use efficiency (NUE), biostimulants are increasingly used. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Glutacetine®, a biostimulant sprayed at 5 L ha−1 in combination with fertilizers (urea or urea ammonium nitrate (UAN)), on N-related traits, grain yield components, and the grain quality of winter bread wheat grown at three field sites in Normandy (France). Glutacetine® improved grain yield via a significant increase in the grain number per spike and per m2, which also enhanced the thousand grain weight, especially with urea. The total N in grains and the NUE tended to increase in response to Glutacetine®, irrespective of the site or the form of N fertilizer. Depending on the site, spraying Glutacetine® can also induce changes in the grain ionome (analyzed by X-ray fluorescence), with a reduction in P content observed (site 2 under urea nutrition) or an increase in Mn content (site 3 under UAN nutrition). These results provide a roadmap for utilizing Glutacetine® biostimulant to enhance wheat production and flour quality in a temperate climate.
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Maignan V, Bernay B, Géliot P, Avice JC. Biostimulant Effects of Glutacetine® and Its Derived Formulations Mixed With N Fertilizer on Post-heading N Uptake and Remobilization, Seed Yield, and Grain Quality in Winter Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:607615. [PMID: 33281859 PMCID: PMC7691253 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.607615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Biostimulants could play an important role in agriculture particularly for increasing N fertilizer use efficiency that is essential for maintaining both yield and grain quality in bread wheat, which is a major global crop. In the present study, we examined the effects of mixing urea-ammonium-nitrate fertilizer (UAN) or urea with five new biostimulants containing Glutacetine® or its derivative formulations (VNT1, 2, 3, and 4) on the physiological responses, agronomic traits, and grain quality of winter wheat. A first experiment under greenhouse conditions showed that VNT1, VNT3, and VNT4 significantly increased the seed yield and grain numbers per ear. VNT4 also enhanced total plant nitrogen (N) and total grain N, which induced a higher N Harvest Index (NHI). The higher post-heading N uptake (for VNT1 and VNT4) and the acceleration of senescence speed with all formulations enabled better nutrient remobilization efficiency, especially in terms of N mobilization from roots and straw toward the grain with VNT4. The grain ionome was changed by the formulations with the bioavailability of iron improved with the addition of VNT4, and the phytate concentrations in flour were reduced by VNT1 and VNT4. A second experiment in three contrasting field trials confirmed that VNT4 increased seed yield and N use efficiency. Our investigation reveals the important role of these new formulations in achieving significant increases in seed yield and grain quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Maignan
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INRAE, UMR EVA, SFR Normandie Végétal FED4277, Esplanade de la Paix, Caen, France
- Via Végétale, Le Loroux-Bottereau, France
| | - Benoit Bernay
- Plateforme Proteogen, SFR ICORE 4206, Université de Caen Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, Caen, France
| | | | - Jean-Christophe Avice
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INRAE, UMR EVA, SFR Normandie Végétal FED4277, Esplanade de la Paix, Caen, France
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12
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Innovative strategies and nutritional perspectives for fortifying pumpkin tissue and other vegetable matrices with iron. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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13
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Naveed M, Mustafa A, Majeed S, Naseem Z, Saeed Q, Khan A, Nawaz A, Baig KS, Chen JT. Enhancing Cadmium Tolerance and Pea Plant Health through Enterobacter sp. MN17 Inoculation Together with Biochar and Gravel Sand. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E530. [PMID: 32326023 PMCID: PMC7238170 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Contamination of soils with heavy metals, particularly cadmium (Cd), is an increasingly alarming environmental issue around the world. Application of organic and inorganic immobilizing amendments such as biochar and gravel sand in combination with metal-tolerant microbes has the potential to minimize the bioavailability of Cd to plants. The present study was designed to identify the possible additive effects of the application of Enterobacter sp. MN17 as well as biochar and gravel sand on the reduction of Cd stress in plants and improvement of growth and nutritional quality of pea (Pisum sativum) plants through the reduction of Cd uptake. Pea seeds were surface sterilized then non-inoculated seeds and seeds inoculated with Enterobacter sp. MN17 were planted in artificially Cd-polluted soil, amended with the immobilizing agents biochar and gravel sand. Application of biochar and gravel sand alone and in combination not only improved the growth and nutritional quality of pea plants by in situ immobilization but also reduced the uptake of Cd by plant roots and its transport to shoots. However, microbial inoculation further enhanced the overall plant health as well as alleviated the toxic effects of Cd on the pea plants. These soil treatments also improved rates of photosynthesis and transpiration. The combined use of biochar and gravel sand with bacterial inoculation resulted in an increase in plant height (47%), shoot dry weight (42%), root dry weight (57%), and 100 seeds weight (49%) as compared to control plants in Cd contaminated soil. Likewise, biochemical constituents of pea seeds (protein, fat, fiber, and ash) were significantly increased up to 41%, 74%, 32%, and 72%, respectively, with the combined use of these immobilizing agents and bacterium. Overall, this study demonstrated that the combined application of biochar and gravel sand, particularly in combination with Enterobacter sp. MN17, could be an efficient strategy for the remediation of Cd contaminated soil. It could support better growth and nutritional quality of pea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.M.); (S.M.); (Z.N.)
| | - Adnan Mustafa
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.M.); (S.M.); (Z.N.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Samar Majeed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.M.); (S.M.); (Z.N.)
| | - Zainab Naseem
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.M.); (S.M.); (Z.N.)
| | - Qudsia Saeed
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China;
| | - Abdulhameed Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan;
| | - Ahmad Nawaz
- Integrated Pest Management Laboratory, Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | | | - Jen-Tsung Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
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Ullah H, Yasmin H, Mumtaz S, Jabeen Z, Naz R, Nosheen A, Hassan MN. Multitrait Pseudomonas spp. Isolated from Monocropped Wheat ( Triticum aestivum) Suppress Fusarium Root and Crown Rot. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2020; 110:582-592. [PMID: 31799901 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-10-19-0383-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium root and crown rot is the most common disease of wheat, especially wheat grown in arid zones where drought is a common issue. The development of environmentally safe approaches to manage diseases of food crops is important for humans. The monocropping system recruits beneficial bacteria that promote plant growth through nutrient solubilization and pathogen suppression. In this study, a field where wheat was monocropped for 5 successive years under rainfed conditions was identified. A total of 29 bacterial isolates were obtained from the rhizosphere, endosphere, and phyllosphere of wheat at its harvesting stage. The Gram-negative bacteria were less prevalent (41%) but the majority (75%) exhibited plant growth-promoting traits. The ability of strains to solubilize nutrients (solubilization index = 2.3 to 4), inhibit pathogenic fungi (25 to 56%), and produce antifungal compounds was highly variable. The rhizobacteria significantly promoted the growth and disease resistance of wheat varieties such as Pirsbak-2015 and Galaxy-2013 by inducing antioxidant enzyme activity (0.2- to 2.1-fold). The bacterial strains were identified as Ochrobactrum spp., Acinetobacter spp., and Pseudomonas mediterranea by 16S rRNA and rpoD sequence analysis. The endophytic bacterium P. mediterranea HU-9 exhibited maximum biocontrol efficacy against wheat root and crown rot diseases with a disease score/disease index from 1.8 to 3.1. The monocropping systems of rainfed agriculture are an ideal source of beneficial bacteria to use as bioinoculants for different crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Ullah
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Yasmin
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Mumtaz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zahra Jabeen
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Naz
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asia Nosheen
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Naveed M, Mustafa A, Qura-Tul-Ain Azhar S, Kamran M, Zahir ZA, Núñez-Delgado A. Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN and tree twigs derived biochar together retrieved Pb-induced growth, physiological and biochemical disturbances by minimizing its uptake and translocation in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 257:109974. [PMID: 31868638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities like industrial mining, refining and smelting release substantial amounts of lead (Pb) into the soil causing potential ecological menaces to environment, soil productivity and food security. Present pot scale study was undertaken to investigate the effects of tree twigs-derived biochar and a bacterium Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN on Pb accumulation, growth, physiological, biochemical and antioxidative defense responses of mung bean grown in Pb spiked soil. The original soil was spiked with Pb (600 mg kg-1) and amended with biochar (1% w/w). Upon screening in laboratory, B. phytofirmans PsJN exhibited high Pb tolerance and was able to grow at high Pb concentrations. Surface-disinfected seeds of mung bean were inoculated with B. phytofirmans PsJN and sown in pots along with un-inoculated seeds. Data were collected for various growth, physiological and biochemical parameters from fully matured harvested plants. Application of biochar and B. phytofirmans PsJN ameliorated Pb induced negative impacts in mung bean both individually and in combination, but better growth, physiological and seed quality responses were observed with their combined use. Compared with respective controls, their combined use increased the following parameters in normal and Pb spiked soils, respectively: plant height (69% and 159%), root dry weight (97% and 130%), shoot dry weight (42% and 104%), number of pods (70% and 210%), grains weight (58% and 194%) and number of root nodules (71% and 255%). Moreover, combined use increased chlorophyll contents (27% and 37%), photosynthetic rate (93% and 204%), transpiration rate (42% and 132%), stomatal conductance (70% and 218%), sub-stomatal conductance (93% and 148%) and water use efficiency (35% and 43%). In addition, combined application of biochar and B. phytofirmans PsJN retarded Pb-induced oxidative stress by intensifying antioxidant enzyme activities and reducing activities of reactive oxygen species. Similarly, considerable reduction in Pb uptake, translocation and bioaccumulation in mung bean was noticed in Pb spiked soil due to applied amendments. Furthermore, their combined use resulted in considerable increase in grain quality parameters (protein, fat, ash) both in normal and Pb-spiked soils. Therefore, it can be inferred that interactive use of biochar and B. phytofirmans PsJN provides an efficient innovative strategy to repossess Pb induced growth, physiological, biochemical and oxidative disturbances in mung bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Adnan Mustafa
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Syeda Qura-Tul-Ain Azhar
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zahir Ahmad Zahir
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Avelino Núñez-Delgado
- Dept. Soil Sci. and Agric. Chem., Engineering Polytech. School, Campus Univ. Lugo, Univ. Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Alleviation of Salinity Induced Oxidative Stress in Chenopodium quinoa by Fe Biofortification and Biochar—Endophyte Interaction. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Iron-biofortification is a sustainable food-based approach to combat iron deficiency by increasing iron content and bioavailability in agronomic crops. Siderophore producing microbes offer a sustainable and low-cost way to increase iron supply in crops. Also, certain substances released from organic amendments act as iron-chelators which increase the solubility as well as the availability of iron to plants. Present study investigated the role of siderophore-producing endophytic bacteria and biochar on iron-fortification of a novel crop quinoa in iron-limited saline conditions. The surface-disinfected seeds of quinoa were inoculated with Burkholderia phytofirmans PsJN (CFU = 109) and sown in saline soil (EC 20 dS m−1) amended with biochar (1% w/w). Results revealed that biochar and PsJN particularly when applied together significantly enhanced plant growth, grain yield, and grain nutrient contents of quinoa. Strikingly, iron concentration in quinoa grains was increased up to 71% by the combined application of biochar and PsJN. Moreover, plant physiological parameters were also improved significantly by the integrated application. However, enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidants activities were decreased by integrated treatment thus ameliorated salinity stress. Our study suggests that integrated application of siderophore-producing bacteria and biochar could be a promising, sustainable and cost-effective strategy which is easily integratable into the existing farming practices to achieve food fortification with micronutrients in developing countries.
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The Effect of Different Organic Fertilizers on Yield and Soil and Crop Nutrient Concentrations. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9120776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
At present, organic fertilizers are not widely used in intensive arable agriculture, and not much is known about their effects on crop nutrition. In a field experiment at Rothamsted, UK, anaerobic digestate (AD), compost, farmyard manure (FYM), straw, and mixes of amendment + straw, were applied at: 1, 1.75, 2.5 or 3.5 t carbon ha−1, with all plots receiving the same input of mineral fertilizer. After five seasons of application, plots receiving non-straw amendments had greater straw and grain yield of 28% and 18% respectively, and plots receiving the highest amendment rate had a 37% higher straw and 23% higher grain yield, compared to control plots. Whereas, the straw-only amendment did not increase yield compared to the control. The concentrations of secondary and micro nutrients in the crop, particularly P, Ca, and S in the straw, and P and Fe in the grain, were significantly greater in the crop receiving non-straw amendment compared to the control. Interestingly K, Fe, and Zn were greater in the crop straw treated with the straw-only amendment. Therefore ‘biomass dilution’ of secondary and micro nutrients did not occur in the higher-yielding amended plots after five seasons, and organic fertilizers would improve the quality of high-yielding, intensively produced crops. The study also demonstrates that portable x-ray fluorescence (pXRF) could be a reliable, cost-effective tool for screening potential organic fertilizers.
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18
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Boostani HR, Najafi-Ghiri M, Mirsoleimani A. The effect of biochars application on reducing the toxic effects of nickel and growth indices of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in a calcareous soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:1751-1760. [PMID: 30456609 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3760-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, production of biochar from agricultural wastes and its use for the amelioration of contaminated soils with heavy metals is increasing to reduce their negative effects on the growth of various plants. A factorial greenhouse experiment as a completely randomized design with three replications was performed to study the effect of different biochars on the spinach growth in a calcareous soil with different levels of nickel (Ni). The first factor consisted of biochars (control (CL), licorice root pulp (LRB), and rice husk (RHB) prepared at two pyrolysis temperatures (350 °C and 550 °C), each at 2.5% (w/w)), and the second factor included Ni application levels (0 (N0), 150 (N1), and 300 (N2) mg kg-1 soil). Shoot dry weight (15.0%), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a (46.5%), b (39.5%), carotenoids (52.0%)), and micronutrients uptake (iron (51.8%), manganese (66.4%), copper (62.9%), and zinc (47.1%)) were decreased by increasing the Ni levels from N0 to N2. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase (36.3%) and guaiacol peroxidase (29.3%)) and Ni uptake were increased by the Ni application levels. The biochar treatments (RHB350, RHB550, and LRB550) increased shoot dry weight of spinach through the reduction of Ni uptake, activity of antioxidant enzymes and enhancement of the micronutrients absorption. In general, the effect of the biochars produced at 550 °C on the reduction of Ni uptake and the increase in plant growth were better than the biochars produced at 350 °C. Finally, it could be concluded that the RHB550 is more suitable for reducing the Ni toxicity and improving the growth indices of the spinach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Boostani
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Najafi-Ghiri
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, Iran
| | - Abbas Mirsoleimani
- Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Darab, Shiraz University, Darab, Iran
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19
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Blanco-Rojo R, Vaquero MP. Iron bioavailability from food fortification to precision nutrition. A review. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Reclamation of Saline–Sodic Soils with Combined Amendments: Impact on Quinoa Performance and Biological Soil Quality. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10093083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the individual and synergic effects of the application of Biochar (B), Humic Substances (HS), and Gypsum (G) on the soil properties of a saline–sodic soil, and plant growth and seed quality (polyphenols, protein and yield) of quinoa. Treatments included (B) 22 t ha−1, (HS) 5 kg ha−1, and (G) 47.7 t ha−1. Two quinoa genotypes from Arid Zones (AZ-51 and AZ-103) were selected and established in eight treatments. The B + HS + G combined treatment resulted in increases in root biomass of 206% and 176% in AZ-51 and AZ-103, respectively. Furthermore, electrical conductivity (ECe), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) decreased significantly in all treated soils. When compared to the control, ESP decreased 11-fold in the G treatment, and 9–13-fold in the B + G; B + HS; and B + HS + G treatments. Similarly, soil microbial biomass increased 112% and 322% in the B + HS + G treatment in AZ-51 and AZ-103 genotypes, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of combined amendments (B + HS + G) represents an alternative for reclaiming degraded soils, including saline–sodic soils.
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Shahbaz AK, Lewińska K, Iqbal J, Ali Q, Iqbal M, Abbas F, Tauqeer HM, Ramzani PMA. Improvement in productivity, nutritional quality, and antioxidative defense mechanisms of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) in nickel contaminated soil amended with different biochar and zeolite ratios. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 218:256-270. [PMID: 29684778 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) contaminated soils pose a potential ecological risk to the environment, soil health, and quality of food produced on them. We hypothesized that application of miscanthus biochar (BC) and cationic zeolite (ZE) at various proportions into a Ni contaminated soil can efficiently immobilize Ni and reduce its bioavailability to sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and maize (Zea mays L.). An electroplating effluent contaminated soil was amended with BC and ZE, as sole treatments (2% w/w) and their combinations of various ratios (BC, ZE, BC25%ZE75%, BC50%ZE50% and BC75%ZE25%) for immobilization of Ni in the soil. Furthermore, the associated effects of these treatments on residual and DTPA-extractable Ni from the soil; concentrations of Ni in shoots, roots, and grain; growth, physiology, biochemistry and the antioxidant defence mechanisms of sunflower and maize were investigated. Results revealed that BC50%ZE50% treatment efficiently reduced DTPA-extractable Ni in the soil, Ni concentrations in shoots, roots, and grain, while improved selective parameters of both plants. Interestingly, the BC75%ZE25% treatment significantly improved the biomass, grain yield, physiology, biochemistry and antioxidant defense machinery, while decreased Ni oxidative stress in both sunflower and maize, compared to rest of the treatments. The results demonstrate that the BC50%ZE50% treatment can efficiently reduce Ni concentrations in the roots, shoots and grain of both sunflower and maize whereas, an improvement in biomass, grain yield, physiological, biochemical, and antioxidant defense machinery of both crops can only be achieved with the application of BC75%ZE25% treatment in a Ni contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khan Shahbaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Karolina Lewińska
- Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Department of Soil Science and Remote Sensing of Soilsul, Bogumiła Krygowskiego 10, 61-680, Poznań, Poland
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Qasim Ali
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Tauqeer
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Pia Muhammad Adnan Ramzani
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
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Garg M, Sharma N, Sharma S, Kapoor P, Kumar A, Chunduri V, Arora P. Biofortified Crops Generated by Breeding, Agronomy, and Transgenic Approaches Are Improving Lives of Millions of People around the World. Front Nutr 2018; 5:12. [PMID: 29492405 PMCID: PMC5817065 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofortification is an upcoming, promising, cost-effective, and sustainable technique of delivering micronutrients to a population that has limited access to diverse diets and other micronutrient interventions. Unfortunately, major food crops are poor sources of micronutrients required for normal human growth. The manuscript deals in all aspects of crop biofortification which includes-breeding, agronomy, and genetic modification. It tries to summarize all the biofortification research that has been conducted on different crops. Success stories of biofortification include lysine and tryptophan rich quality protein maize (World food prize 2000), Vitamin A rich orange sweet potato (World food prize 2016); generated by crop breeding, oleic acid, and stearidonic acid soybean enrichment; through genetic transformation and selenium, iodine, and zinc supplementation. The biofortified food crops, especially cereals, legumes, vegetables, and fruits, are providing sufficient levels of micronutrients to targeted populations. Although a greater emphasis is being laid on transgenic research, the success rate and acceptability of breeding is much higher. Besides the challenges biofortified crops hold a bright future to address the malnutrition challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Garg
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Natasha Sharma
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Saloni Sharma
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Payal Kapoor
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Aman Kumar
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | | | - Priya Arora
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
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Khan WUD, Ramzani PMA, Anjum S, Abbas F, Iqbal M, Yasar A, Ihsan MZ, Anwar MN, Baqar M, Tauqeer HM, Virk ZA, Khan SA. Potential of miscanthus biochar to improve sandy soil health, in situ nickel immobilization in soil and nutritional quality of spinach. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 185:1144-1156. [PMID: 28764135 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The complex interaction of biochar (BC) with soil health reflecting properties, the feedstock used to prepare BC and application rate of BC in sandy soil is still a question for the researchers. An incubation study was conducted where nine different sorts of BC, each prepared from the different feedstock, were applied at 2% rate to evaluate their relative suitability to improve sandy soil health. Results revealed that BC prepared from miscanthus (MIB) significantly increased soil medium and fine pores, available water content (AWC), electrical conductivity (EC), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) while decreased soil wide pores, pH, bulk density (BD) and particle density (PD) compared to the rest sorts of BC. Later, spinach was grown in pots containing same soil but spiked with 50 ppm nickel (Ni) and amended with 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% rates of MIB. The results showed a significant increment in spinach biomass, reduction in the concentrations of Ni in spinach tissues and DTPA-extractable Ni with the increasing rate of MIB till 3% and later, no significant changes with 4 and 5% rates thereafter. However, significant improvement in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, chemical and biochemical attributes of spinach were observed at 5% MIB when compared to lower rates. Similarly, post-harvest soil physicochemical and enzymatic parameters were also significantly (P < 0.05) improved with increasing rates of MIB. This study implies that application of MIB at 5% rate can improve the nutritional quality of spinach, sandy soil health and can reduce Ni concentrations in spinach tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas-Ud-Din Khan
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | | | - Shazia Anjum
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Abdullah Yasar
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahid Ihsan
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed Anwar
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mujtaba Baqar
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Tauqeer
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Abbas Virk
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ali Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Ramzani PMA, Coyne MS, Anjum S, Khan WUD, Iqbal M. In situ immobilization of Cd by organic amendments and their effect on antioxidant enzyme defense mechanism in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 118:561-570. [PMID: 28783510 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In situ immobilization of Cd is desirable due to the damaging effects of ex situ remediation techniques on soil. In this greenhouse study, the role of biochar (BC), chitosan (CH), and green waste (GW) was studied for in-situ Cd immobilization and alleviating Cd toxicity in mung bean seedlings. Amendments were applied at rates of 0.5% and 1% (w/w). The minimum mean value of Cd, in root, shoot, and soil (DTPA-Cd) (12.2, 4.7, and 0.7 mg kg-1, respectively), occurred in the Cd + 1% CH treatment compared to all Cd amended treatments. Shoot dry weight (21%) increased significantly in Cd + 1% BC amended soil compared to the control. Reactive oxygen species were affected significantly, with the lowest increased value of hydrogen peroxide (4%) in the Cd + 1% CH treatment while the minimum increase in the value of superoxide (O2•-) occurred in the Cd + 1% BC soil compared to the control. Malondialdehyde (20%) increased lowest with Cd + 1% CH treatment. Protein, ascorbate (AsA) contents, and catalase (CAT) activity increased the most (3, 2, and 15%, respectively) in the Cd + 1% BC treatment while dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased the most (9 and 234%, respectively) in the Cd + 1% CH soil compared to the control. Glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), activity were reduced the most in the Cd + 1.0% BC treatment while dehydroascorbate (DHA) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity decreased the most in the Cd + 1% CH soil. Overall, in situ immobilization by amendments improved growth and antioxidant defense mechanisms of mung bean seedlings and was reflected by tolerance to Cd-toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark S Coyne
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, KY 40546-0091, USA
| | - Shazia Anjum
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Waqas-Ud-Din Khan
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
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25
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Ramzani PMA, Shan L, Anjum S, Khan WUD, Ronggui H, Iqbal M, Virk ZA, Kausar S. Improved quinoa growth, physiological response, and seed nutritional quality in three soils having different stresses by the application of acidified biochar and compost. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 116:127-138. [PMID: 28554146 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a traditional Andean agronomical resilient seed crop having immense significance in terms of high nutritional qualities and its tolerance against various abiotic stresses. However, finite work has been executed to evaluate the growth, physiological, chemical, biochemical, antioxidant properties, and mineral nutrients bioavailability of quinoa under abiotic stresses. Depending on the consistency in the stability of pH, intended rate of S was selected from four rates (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5% S) for the acidification of biochar and compost in the presence of Thiobacillus thiooxidans by pH value of 4. All three soils were amended with 1% (w/w) acidified biochar (BCA) and compost (COA). Results revealed that selective plant growth, yield, physiological, chemical and biochemical improved significantly by the application of BCA in all stressed soils. Antioxidants in quinoa fresh leaves increased in the order of control > COA > BCA, while reactive oxygen species decreased in the order of control < COA < BCA. A significant reduction in anti-nutrients (phytate and polyphenols) was observed in all stressed soils with the application of BCA. Moreover, incorporation of COA and BCA reduced the pH of rhizosphere soil by 0.4-1.6 units in all stressed soils, while only BCA in bulk soil decreased pH significantly by 0.3 units. These results demonstrate that BCA was more effective than COA to enhance the bioavailability, translocation of essential nutrients from the soil to plant and their enhanced bioavailability in the seed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lin Shan
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shazia Anjum
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Waqas-Ud-Din Khan
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hu Ronggui
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan.
| | - Zaheer Abbas Virk
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Salma Kausar
- Soil and Water Testing Laboratory, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
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26
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Ramzani PMA, Khalid M, Anjum S, Khan WUD, Ali S, Hannan F, Iqbal M. Cost-effective enhanced iron bioavailability in rice grain grown on calcareous soil by sulfur mediation and its effect on heavy metals mineralization. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:1219-1228. [PMID: 27807786 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7892-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Calcareous soil, high pH, and low organic matter are the major factors that limit iron (Fe) availability to rice crop. The present study was planned with the aim to biofortified rice grain with Fe, by integrated use of chemical and organic amendments in pH-manipulated calcareous soil. The soil pH was reduced (pHL2) by using elemental sulfur (S) at the rate of 0.25 % (w/w). The organic amendments, biochar (BC) and poultry manure (PM) [1 % (w/w)], along with ferrous sulfate at the rate of 7.5 mg kg-1 soil were used. The incorporation of Fe with BC in soil at pHL2 significantly improved plant biomass, photosynthetic rate, and paddy yield up to 99, 97, and 36 %, respectively, compared to control. A significant increase in grain Fe (190 %), protein (58 %), and ferritin (400 %) contents was observed while anti-nutrients, i.e., polyphenols (37 %) and phytate (21 %) were significantly decreased by the addition of Fe and BC in soil at pHL2 relative to control. Among the organic amendments, PM significantly increased Cd, Pb, Ni, and Cr concentrations in rice grain relative to control but their concentration values were below as compared to the toxic limits of hazard quotients and hazard index (HQ and HI). Hence, this study implies that Fe applied with BC in the soil at pHL2 can be considered as an effective strategy to augment Fe bioavailability and to reduce non-essential heavy metal accumulation in rice grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Muhammad Adnan Ramzani
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Anjum
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Waqas-Ud-Din Khan
- Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Fakhir Hannan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
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