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Ghantous G, Popov K, El Sebaaly Z, Sassine YN. Changes in Cabernet Sauvignon yield and berry quality as affected by variability in weather conditions in the last two decades in Lebanon. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6992. [PMID: 38523138 PMCID: PMC10961301 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cabernet Sauvignon is the most planted cultivar in Lebanese vineyards. This study investigated the variation of its production at two vineyards 'Kanafar' (West Bekaa at 1020 m.a.s.l) and 'Taanayel' (Central Bekaa at 800 m.a.s.l) and their interactions with weather conditions from 2006 till 2018. Evaluation of climate records denoted interannual variability in weather conditions occurring in 2015 in Kanafar and in 2008 in Taanayel. Average yield peaked in 2009 in Kanafar (19,187.0 kg ha-1) and in 2011 in Taanayel (14,279.0 kg ha-1), both years marked a turning point after which values of average yield shifted downwards (by 31-67% in Kanafar, and 14-82% in Taanayel). At Kanafar, after 2015, averages of yield, weight of 200 berries (W200B), potential alcohol (PA), and total polyphenolic richness (TPR) decreased by 35%, 1.5%, 36.2 g, and 50%, respectively. In Taanayel, only TPR content in berries was significantly affected by varying weather conditions (decrease by 20%). Also, TPR values followed a progressive decreasing pattern starting from 2006 at both vineyards with minor exceptions. Multiple regression analysis assessed the relationship between various indicators and weather variables at each vineyard. It showed that the decrease in yield at Kanafar correlated with higher temperature during the growing season (by 0.6 °C), higher solar radiation from early-spring to early-summer (by 13.9-27.1 W m-2), and lower values of maximum wind speed during mid to late summer (by 0.4 m s-1), occurring during 2016, 2017, and 2018 at Kanafar. The model explained 60% of yield variations at this vineyard. Further, weather variables accounted for 61% (R2 = 0.61) of changes in PA and for 58% (R2 = 0.58) of TPR of berries at Kanafar. Conclusively, interannual variability in weather conditions had more serious negative influence on Cabernet Sauvignon production at Kanafar than at Taanayel, but had a similar negative influence on polyphenols accumulation in berries, and thus on potential wine quality produced at both vineyards.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ghantous
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - K Popov
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Z El Sebaaly
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Y N Sassine
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agronomy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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2
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Liu H, Jin Y, Huang L, Miao C, Tang J, Zhang H, Yin H, Lu X, Li N, Dai S, Gentile A, Zhang L, Sheng L. Transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal the underlying mechanism of drought treatment on anthocyanin accumulation in postharvest blood orange fruit. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:160. [PMID: 38429733 PMCID: PMC10908157 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04868-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthocyanins are the most important compounds for nutritional quality and economic values of blood orange. However, there are few reports on the pre-harvest treatment accelerating the accumulation of anthocyanins in postharvest blood orange fruit. Here, we performed a comparative transcriptome and metabolomics analysis to elucidate the underlying mechanism involved in seasonal drought (SD) treatment during the fruit expansion stage on anthocyanin accumulation in postharvest 'Tarocco' blood orange fruit. RESULTS Our results showed that SD treatment slowed down the fruit enlargement and increased the sugar accumulation during the fruit development and maturation period. Obviously, under SD treatment, the accumulation of anthocyanin in blood orange fruit during postharvest storage was significantly accelerated and markedly higher than that in CK. Meanwhile, the total flavonoids and phenols content and antioxidant activity in SD treatment fruits were also sensibly increased during postharvest storage. Based on metabolome analysis, we found that substrates required for anthocyanin biosynthesis, such as amino acids and their derivatives, and phenolic acids, had significantly accumulated and were higher in SD treated mature fruits compared with that of CK. Furthermore, according to the results of the transcriptome data and weighted gene coexpression correlation network analysis (WGCNA) analysis, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL3) was considered a key structural gene. The qRT-PCR analysis verified that the PAL3 was highly expressed in SD treated postharvest stored fruits, and was significantly positively correlated with the anthocyanin content. Moreover, we found that other structural genes in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway were also upregulated under SD treatment, as evidenced by transcriptome data and qRT-PCR analysis. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that SD treatment promotes the accumulation of substrates necessary for anthocyanin biosynthesis during the fruit ripening process, and activates the expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway genes during the postharvest storage period. This is especially true for PAL3, which co-contributed to the rapid accumulation of anthocyanin. The present study provides a theoretical basis for the postharvest quality control and water-saving utilization of blood orange fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Liu
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yan Jin
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Le Huang
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Chouyu Miao
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jiayi Tang
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Haojie Yin
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xiaopeng Lu
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Na Li
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Suming Dai
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Alessandra Gentile
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
- Department of Agriculture and Food Science, University of Catania, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Ling Zhang
- Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Mayang Miao Autonomous County, Huaihua, China
| | - Ling Sheng
- National Center for Citrus Improvement Changsha, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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3
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Bonin AMF, Ávila S, Etgeton SAP, de Lima JJ, Dos Santos MP, Grassi MT, Krüger CCH. Ripening stage impacts nutritional components, antiglycemic potential, digestibility and antioxidant properties of grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lam.) fruit. Food Res Int 2024; 178:113956. [PMID: 38309876 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.113956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the nutritional components (macronutrients ans minerals) and α-amylase inhibition capacity of freeze-dried grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lam) seeds (S) and pulp/peel (P) portions, at ripe and mid-ripe stages. In vitro digestion was also performed on S and P from grumixama to assess the bioaccessibility of total phenolic compound (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), and anthocyanins (TAC), as well as to examine their impact on antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP). The ripening process impacts the bioactive compounds and individual phenolics of S and P portions. The ripe S was source of myricetin and exhibited higher antioxidant activity, while mid-ripe S was high in flavonoids and cinnamic acid with higher antiglycemic potential. Ripe P showed higher soluble fiber, carbohydrate, TAC, and caffeic acid content, whereas mid-ripe P had increased mineral content (calcium, potassium, manganese), catechin, and TPC. After in vitro digestion, the P portion showed a bioaccessibility of total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) exceeding 40% at intestinal phase. In contrast, the S portions had better release of TPC and TFC and antioxidant activity at gastric phase. Considering the outstanding nutritional and biological properties of grumixama fruit, freeze-dried S and P portions from both ripening stages possess could be explored as valuable sources of nutrients and antioxidant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Forcelini Bonin
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Health Science Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Campus III, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Suelen Ávila
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Health Science Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Campus III, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Schaina Andriela Pontarollo Etgeton
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Health Science Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Campus III, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jair José de Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Nutrition Department, Health Science Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Campus III, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mayara Padovan Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Paraná, Polytechnic Center, 81531-980 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marco Tadeu Grassi
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraná, Polytechnic Center, 81530-000 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Claudia Carneiro Hecke Krüger
- Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Nutrition Department, Health Science Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Campus III, 80210-170 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
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Fuentes-Peñailillo F, Ortega-Farías S, Acevedo-Opazo C, Rivera M, Araya-Alman M. A Smart Crop Water Stress Index-Based IoT Solution for Precision Irrigation of Wine Grape. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 24:25. [PMID: 38202887 PMCID: PMC10780677 DOI: 10.3390/s24010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The Scholander-type pressure chamber to measure midday stem water potential (MSWP) has been widely used to schedule irrigation in commercial vineyards. However, the limited number of sites that can be evaluated using the pressure chamber makes it difficult to evaluate the spatial variability of vineyard water status. As an alternative, several authors have suggested using the crop water stress index (CWSI) based on low-cost thermal infrared (TIR) sensors to estimate the MSWP. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a low-cost wireless infrared sensor network (WISN) to monitor the spatial variability of MSWPs in a drip-irrigated Cabernet Sauvignon vineyard under two levels of water stress. For this study, the MLX90614 sensor was used to measure canopy temperature (Tc), and thus compute the CWSI. The results indicated that good performance of the MLX90614 infrared thermometers was observed under laboratory and vineyard conditions with root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) values being less than 1.0 °C. Finally, a good nonlinear correlation between the MSWP and CWSI (R2 = 0.72) was observed, allowing the development of intra-vineyard spatial variability maps of MSWP using the low-cost wireless infrared sensor network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Fuentes-Peñailillo
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I3), Vicerrectoría Académica (VRA), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Samuel Ortega-Farías
- Research and Extension Center for Irrigation and Agroclimatology (CITRA) and Research Program on Adaptation of Agriculture to Climate Change (A2C2), Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Cesar Acevedo-Opazo
- Research and Extension Center for Irrigation and Agroclimatology (CITRA) and Research Program on Adaptation of Agriculture to Climate Change (A2C2), Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Marco Rivera
- Power Electronics, Machines and Control (PEMC) Research Group, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, 15 Triumph Rd, Lenton, Nottingham NG7 2GT, UK;
- Laboratorio de Conversión de Energías y Electrónica de Potencia (LCEEP), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Talca, Merced 437, Curicó 3341717, Chile
| | - Miguel Araya-Alman
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias, Campus “San Isidro”, Universidad Católica del Maule, km 6 Camino Los Niches, Curicó 3340000, Chile;
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Zhou C, Zhang H, Yu S, Chen X, Li F, Wang Y, Wang Y, Liu L. Optimizing water and nitrogen management strategies to improve their use efficiency, eggplant yield and fruit quality. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1211122. [PMID: 37767295 PMCID: PMC10519791 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1211122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
With improvement in living standards, consumer preferences for vegetables are changing from quantity- to quality-oriented. Water and nitrogen supply, as two major determinants of vegetable crop yield and quality, can be optimally managed to improve the yield and quality. To evaluate the response in yield, fruit quality, and water and nitrogen utilization of eggplant to different water and nitrogen management strategies, a 2-year (2021 and 2022) field trial under mulched drip irrigation was conducted. The growth period was divided into seedling, flowering and fruit set, fruit development, and fruit ripening stages. Three irrigation levels were applied during the flowering and fruit set stage: W0, adequate water supply (70%-80% of field water capacity, FC); W1, mild water deficit (60%-70% FC); and W2, moderate water deficit (50%-60% FC). In addition, three nitrogen application rates were applied: N1, low nitrogen level (215 kg ha-1); N2, medium nitrogen level (270 kg ha-1); and N3, high nitrogen level (325 kg ha-1). The irrigation and nitrogen rates were applied in all combinations (i.e., nine treatments in total). Adequate water supply throughout the reproductive period in combination with no nitrogen application served as the control (CK). The yield of the W1N2 treatment was significantly increased by 32.62% and 35.06% in 2021 and 2022, respectively, compared with that of the CK. Fruit soluble protein, soluble solids, and vitamin C contents were significantly higher under W1 than W2. Fruit quality was significantly higher under the N2 rate compared with the other nitrogen rates. The W1N2 treatment showed the highest water productivity, with a significant increase of 11.27%-37.84% (2021) and 14.71%-42.48% (2022) compared with that under the other treatments. Based on the average water-deficit degree and nitrogen application rate, W0 and N1 had the highest partial factor productivity of nitrogen. Assessment of the results using the TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution) method indicated that mild water deficit in combination with the medium nitrogen application rate (W1N2) was the optimal water and nitrogen management strategy for cultivated eggplant. The present findings contribute novel insights into the sustainable cultivation of eggplant in an oasis arid environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenli Zhou
- College of Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Hengjia Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Shouchao Yu
- College of Agronomy and Agricultural Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xietian Chen
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fuqiang Li
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lintao Liu
- College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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6
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Hewitt S, Hernández-Montes E, Dhingra A, Keller M. Impact of heat stress, water stress, and their combined effects on the metabolism and transcriptome of grape berries. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9907. [PMID: 37336951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36160-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Recurring heat and drought episodes present challenges to the sustainability of grape production worldwide. We investigated the impacts of heat and drought stress on transcriptomic and metabolic responses of berries from two wine grape varieties. Cabernet Sauvignon and Riesling grapevines were subjected to one of four treatments during early fruit ripening: (1) drought stress only, (2) heat stress only, (3) simultaneous drought and heat stress, (4) no drought or heat stress (control). Berry metabolites, especially organic acids, were analyzed, and time-course transcriptome analysis was performed on samples before, during, and after the stress episode. Both alone and in conjunction with water stress, heat stress had a much more significant impact on berry organic acid content, pH, and titratable acidity than water stress. This observation contrasts with previous reports for leaves, which responded more strongly to water stress, indicating that grape berries display a distinct, organ-specific response to environmental stresses. Consistent with the metabolic changes, the global transcriptomic analysis revealed that heat stress had a more significant impact on gene expression in grape berries than water stress in both varieties. The differentially expressed genes were those associated with the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glyoxylate cycle, mitochondrial electron transport and alternative respiration, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, carbohydrate allocation, ascorbate metabolism, and abiotic stress signaling pathways. Knowledge regarding how environmental stresses, alone and in combination, impact the berry metabolism of different grape varieties will form the basis for developing recommendations for climate change mitigation strategies and genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seanna Hewitt
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Esther Hernández-Montes
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Prosser, WA, USA
- Department of Agricultural Production, CEIGRAM, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amit Dhingra
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Markus Keller
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, Prosser, WA, USA.
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7
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Wei X, Wang W, Min Z, Li Z, Ouyang Y, Ruan X, Fang Y, Li D. Transcriptomics Combined with Metabolisms Reveals the Effect of Light-exclusive Films on the Quality and Polyphenols of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ Grapes. Food Res Int 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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8
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Palai G, Caruso G, Gucci R, D’Onofrio C. Water deficit before veraison is crucial in regulating berry VOCs concentration in Sangiovese grapevines. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1117572. [PMID: 36890905 PMCID: PMC9986437 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1117572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The impact of water deficit on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) responsible for grape aroma remains quite unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different timing and intensity of water deficit on berry VOCs and on their biosynthetic pathways. Fully irrigated control vines were compared with the following treatments: i) two different levels of water deficit from berry pea-size through veraison, ii) one level of water deficit during the lag-phase, and iii) two different levels of water deficit from veraison through harvest. At harvest, total VOC concentrations were higher in berries of water stressed vines from berry pea size through veraison or during the lag phase, whereas post-veraison water deficit determined similar concentrations as control. This pattern was even more pronounced for the glycosylated fraction and was also observed for single compounds, mainly monoterpenes and C13-norisoprenoids. On the other hand, free VOCs were higher in berries from lag phase or post-veraison stressed vines. The significant glycosylated and free VOCs increment measured after the short water stress limited to the lag phase highlight the pivotal role played by this stage in berry aroma compound biosynthesis modulation. The severity of water stress before veraison was also important, since glycosylated VOCs showed a positive correlation with the pre-veraison daily water stress integral. The RNA-seq analysis showed a wide regulation induced by irrigation regimes on terpenes and carotenoids biosynthetic pathways. The terpene synthases and glycosyltransferases as well as genes of the network of transcription factors were upregulated, especially in berries from pre-veraison stressed vines. Since the timing and intensity of water deficit contribute to regulate berry VOCs, irrigation management can be used to achieve high-quality grapes while saving water.
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Metabolomics Integrated with HPLC-MS Reveals the Crucial Antioxidant Compounds of Muscadine Wine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010055. [PMID: 36670917 PMCID: PMC9854500 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Wine is a kind of beverage with a variety of compounds beneficial to human health, which makes it popular all over the world and it contributes importantly to economics. The excessive oxidation of wine has always been a major problem in wine production and storage. Unlike traditional wines which are made from Eurasian grapes, wines made from muscadine grapes (Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx.) can maintain their sensory qualities under natural oxidation conditions for relatively long periods of time despite the insight mechanisms still being unclear. In this study, two muscadine wines, Carlos (CAL) and Noble (NOB), and two traditional wines, Chardonnay (CH) and Marselan (MAS), were chosen for comparison of their compositional alteration during oxidation, in order to analyze the principal components contributing to the antioxidant characteristics of muscadine wines. The DPPH, ORAC, color intensity, and total phenolic content changes during the natural oxidation process were analyzed. Six core significantly changed metabolites (SCMs, avicularin, beta-lactose, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, ellagic acid, myricetin, and 4-methylcatechol [p < 0.05]) related to the oxidation process were determined. In addition, HPLC−MS was also used to identify pyrogallol which is a unique antioxidant compound in muscadine wine. The present work aims to reveal the crucial antioxidant compounds of muscadine wine and provide valuable information and a new platform for future research on wine oxidation.
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Wang ZL, Wu D, Hui M, Wang Y, Han X, Yao F, Cao X, Li YH, Li H, Wang H. Screening of cold hardiness-related indexes and establishment of a comprehensive evaluation method for grapevines ( V. vinifera). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1014330. [PMID: 36507445 PMCID: PMC9731228 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1014330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The goals of this work were to screen physiological and biochemical indexes to assess a set of V. vinifera germplasm resources, to compare evaluation methods for cold hardiness, and to establish a comprehensive method that can be used for more accurate screening for cold hardiness in V. vinifera. Four single methods were used to evaluate the cold hardiness of 20 germplasms resources and 18 physiological and biochemical indexes related to cold hardiness were determined. The LT50 values determined by electrical conductivity (EL), 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining (TTC), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and recovery growth (RG) methods showed extremely significant positive correlation. Bound water content (BW), proline content (Pro), total soluble sugar content (TSS), malondialdehyde content (MDA), catalase content (CAT), and ascorbic acid content (ASA) exhibited significant correlation with LT50 values measured by different evaluation methods. The comprehensive cold hardiness index calculated by principal component analysis (PCA) combined with subordinate function (SF) was negatively correlated with LT50 values measured by different evaluation methods. Meili and Ecolly exhibited the highest cold hardiness, indicating their potential for use as parents for cold hardiness breeding. EL, DTA, TTC, and RG methods successfully distinguished cold hardiness among different V. vinifera germplasm lines. Measurements of BW, Pro, TSS, MDA, CAT, and ASA in dormant shoots also can be used as main physiological and biochemical indexes related to cold hardiness of V. vinifera. Comprehensive evaluation by PCA combined with SF can accurately screen cold hardiness in V. vinifera. This study provides a reference and accurate identification method for the selection of cold hardiness parents and the evaluation of cold hardiness of germplasm of V. vinifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Lei Wang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dong Wu
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Miao Hui
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- College of Life Science, Langfang Normal University, Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Xing Han
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fei Yao
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Cao
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi-Han Li
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hua Li
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- China Wine Industry Technology Institute, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
- Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hua Wang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- China Wine Industry Technology Institute, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
- Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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11
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Effect of light-selective sunshade net on the quality and aromatic characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and wine: Exploratory experiment on strong solar irradiance in northwestern China. Food Chem X 2022; 17:100510. [PMID: 36845475 PMCID: PMC9943764 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The greenhouse effect is a global problem. In view of the intense sunlight radiation in Ningxia (an ideal wine-producing region in northwestern China), the effect of light-selective sunshade nets of different colors (black, red and white) on the quality and aromatic characteristics of grapes and wine was studied. With the treatments of different nets, the solar radiation intensity was significantly decreased. The sugar contents in both grapes and wines decreased, while the acid contents increased. The contents of total phenols, tannins and flavanols in grapes were increased, while the total flavonoids and anthocyanins were decreased. The contents of most phenolics in wine were increased. The contents of most aromas in grapes and wines under nets were higher than those in the control group. The black group usually possessed the highest variety and content. Red and black nets improved the fruity, floral and sweet aromas of grapes. The white net decreased the green and citrusy aromas.
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Palai G, Caruso G, Gucci R, D’Onofrio C. Berry flavonoids are differently modulated by timing and intensities of water deficit in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sangiovese. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1040899. [PMID: 36388597 PMCID: PMC9659973 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1040899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we tested the effect of different regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) regimes on berry flavonoid content and its relative biosynthetic pathways. Vines were subjected to six irrigation regimes over two consecutive years: a) full irrigation during the entire irrigation period (FI); b) moderate (RDI-1M) or c) severe (RDI-1S) water deficit between berry pea-size and veraison; d) severe water deficit during the lag-phase (RDI-LS); and e) moderate (RDI-2M) or f) severe (RDI-2S) water deficit from veraison through harvest. Berries from both RDI-1 treatments showed the highest accumulation of anthocyanins, upregulating the expression of many genes of the flavonoid pathway since the beginning of veraison until harvest, far after the water deficit was released. Although to a lesser degree than RDI-1, both post-veraison water deficit treatments increased anthocyanin concentration, particularly those of the tri-substituted forms, overexpressing the F3'5'H hydroxylases. The moderate deficit irrigation treatments enhanced anthocyanin accumulation with respect to the severe ones regardless of the period when they were applied (pre- or post-veraison). The water deficit imposed during the lag-phase downregulated many genes throughout the flavonoid pathway, showing a slight reduction in anthocyanin accumulation. The measurements of cluster temperature and light exposure highlighted that under deficit irrigation conditions, the effects induced by water stress prevailed over that of light and temperature in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis. Flavonol concentration was higher in RDI-1S berries due to the upregulation of the flavonol synthases and the flavonol-3-O-glycosyltransferases. In this case, the higher cluster light exposure induced by water deficit in RDI-1S berries had a major role in flavonol accumulation. We conclude that the timing and intensity of water stress strongly regulate the berry flavonoid accumulation and that proper management of deficit irrigation can modulate the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways.
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Yang B, Fu P, Lu J, Ma F, Sun X, Fang Y. Regulated deficit irrigation: an effective way to solve the shortage of agricultural water for horticulture. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:28. [PMID: 37676363 PMCID: PMC10441918 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00050-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The deficient agricultural water caused by water shortage is a crucial limiting factor of horticultural production. Among many agricultural water-saving technologies, regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) has been proven to be one of the effective technologies to improve water use efficiency and reduce water waste on the premise of maintaining the quality of agricultural products. RDI was first reported more than 40 years ago, although it has been applied in some areas, little is known about understanding of the implementation method, scope of application and detailed mechanism of RDI, resulting in the failure to achieve the effect that RDI should have. This review refers to the research on RDI in different crops published in recent years, summarizes the definition, equipment condition, function, theory illumination, plant response and application in different crops of RDI, and looks forward to its prospect. We expect that this review will provide valuable guidance for researchers and producers concerned, and support the promotion of RDI in more horticultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Yang
- College of Enology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Viti-Viniculture, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Ningxia Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain Wine Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Peining Fu
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jiang Lu
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- College of Enology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Viti-Viniculture, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Ningxia Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain Wine Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Yulin Fang
- College of Enology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Viti-Viniculture, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Ningxia Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain Wine Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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The Effect of Irrigation-Initiation Timing on the Phenolic Composition and Overall Quality of Cabernet Sauvignon Wines Grown in a Semi-Arid Climate. Foods 2022; 11:foods11050770. [PMID: 35267402 PMCID: PMC8908997 DOI: 10.3390/foods11050770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In semi-arid areas, vineyards grown for winemaking are usually mildly irrigated by drip irrigation systems in a manner maintaining drought stress. This practice ensures the proper development of vegetative and reproductive organs on the one hand, and on the other, the development of high-quality grapes which can be hampered by overly abundant water application. In previous work, we have developed and demonstrated an irrigation model suitable for high-quality grape production in semi-arid areas. Here, we tackle the question of proper irrigation initiation dates—should one wait for vines to develop drought stress before the initiation of irrigation, or rather commence irrigation earlier? Our results show that vines which undergo initial irrigation late in the growing season tend to develop a lower midday stem water potential even after irrigation initiation. In addition, these vines tend to produce a lower number of bunches per vine and smaller berry size, leading to lower yields. The wine produced from the late-irrigated treatments had a higher phenolic content, primarily due to higher levels of catechin and epicatechin. Their levels increased as irrigation initiation dates were delayed, while caffeic acid levels showed an opposite trend. Late irrigation also led to higher color intensities compared to those of irrigation at earlier stages, due to higher levels of most anthocyanins. Finally, we show that the overall wine sensory score, representing its overall quality, was approximately five points higher for wines made from delayed irrigation treatments compared to wines made from early season irrigation treatments.
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Mendoza J, Cruz L, de Freitas V, Pina F, Basílio N. Anthocyanin Color Stabilization by Host-Guest Complexation with p-Sulfonatocalix[n]arenes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175389. [PMID: 34500822 PMCID: PMC8434021 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavylium-based compounds in their acidic and cationic form bring color to aqueous solutions, while under slightly acidic or neutral conditions they commonly bring discoloration. Selective host-guest complexation between water-soluble p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes (SCn) macrocycles and the flavylium cationic species can increase the stability of the colored form, expanding its domain over the pH scale. The association constants between SCn and the cationic (acid) and neutral basic forms of flavylium-based compounds were determined through UV-Vis host-guest titrations at different pH values. The affinity of the hosts for synthetic chromophore was found to be higher than for a natural anthocyanin (Oenin). The higher affinity of SC4 for the synthetic flavylium was confirmed by 1H NMR showing a preferential interaction of the flavylium phenyl ring with the host cavity. In contrast with its synthetic counterpart, the flavylium substitution pattern in the anthocyanin seems to limit the inclusion of the guest in the host’s binding pocket. In this case, the higher affinity was observed for the octamer (SC8) likely due to its larger cavity and higher number of negatively charged sulfonate groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Mendoza
- LAQV—REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Luis Cruz
- LAQV—REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (L.C.); (V.d.F.)
| | - Victor de Freitas
- LAQV—REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (L.C.); (V.d.F.)
| | - Fernando Pina
- LAQV—REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - Nuno Basílio
- LAQV—REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (J.M.); (N.B.)
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Yue XF, Jing SS, Ni XF, Zhang KK, Fang YL, Zhang ZW, Ju YL. Anthocyanin and Phenolic Acids Contents Influence the Color Stability and Antioxidant Capacity of Wine Treated With Mannoprotein. Front Nutr 2021; 8:691784. [PMID: 34222310 PMCID: PMC8249586 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.691784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Wine is consumed by humans worldwide, but the functional components are lost and the color changes during its production. Here, we studied the effects of mannoprotein (MP) addition (0, 0.1, and 0.3 g/L) upon crushing and storage. We measured anthocyanins, phenolic acids profiles, color characteristics, and antioxidant activities of wine. The results showed that the addition of MP before fermentation significantly increased the total phenolic content (TPC), total anthocyanin content, total tannin content (TTC), total flavonoid content, and total flavanol content in wine, whereas the addition of MP during storage had the opposite effect. The addition of MP before alcohol fermentation significantly increased the amount of individual anthocyanins and individual phenolic acids, maintained the color, and increased the antioxidant capacity of wine. In addition, the addition of 0.3 g/L MP during storage increased the content of individual phenolic acids and TPC of wine. However, the addition of 0.1 g/L MP during storage significantly reduced the TPC, TAC, TTC, and individual anthocyanin content (except for malvidin-3-glucoside and malvidin-3-acetly-glucoside); meanwhile, the treatment attenuated the color stability and antioxidant capacity of wine. The results demonstrated that the addition of MP before alcohol fermentation could increase the functional components and improve the color stability and antioxidant capacity of wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Yue
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Si-Si Jing
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Ni
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Ke-Kun Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yu-Lin Fang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Xianyang, China.,Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhen-Wen Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Xianyang, China.,Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yan-Lun Ju
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China
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Yue X, Zhao Y, Ma X, Jiao X, Fang Y, Zhang Z, Ju Y. Effects of leaf removal on the accumulation of anthocyanins and the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:3214-3224. [PMID: 33211320 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthocyanins, a major flavonoid class, determine the color and quality of wine. Recent research revealed that basal leaf removal can increase the content of these compounds. This study determined the effects of basal leaf removal on the anthocyanin profiles of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes. RESULTS The effects of basal leaf removal on anthocyanin composition in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes were investigated over two growing seasons. Leaf removal at 5% veraison (VB6) and at 100% veraison (VC6) was compared with a control. Reducing sugar and total anthocyanin contents in the leaf removal group were significantly higher than in the control group at harvest for both vintages. Leaf removal increased the content of individual anthocyanins and significantly improved the malvidin-3-O-glucoside (Mv-3-glc), peonidin-3-O-glucoside (Pn-3-glc), and malvidin-3-O-(6-acetyl)-glucoside (Mv-3-acglc) content of the VB6 group. At harvest, VB6 treatment increased the transcript abundance of structural and regulator genes in the anthocyanin pathway, especially VvF3'5'H, VvLDOX, and VvDFR. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that leaf removal at 5% veraison may be useful for improving the anthocyanin content in grapes. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Yue
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China
| | - Yameng Zhao
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China
| | - Xin Ma
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China
| | - Xuliang Jiao
- Sino-French Joint Venture Dynasty Winery LTD, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yulin Fang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, P.R. China
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, P.R. China
| | - Yanlun Ju
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China
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Liang H, Kong Y, Chen W, Wang X, Jia Z, Dai Y, Yang X. The quality of wild Salvia miltiorrhiza from Dao Di area in China and its correlation with soil parameters and climate factors. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2021; 32:318-325. [PMID: 32761717 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Salvia miltiorrhiza is a frequently used herb in traditional Chinese medicine, and tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) and salvianolic acid B (Sal Acid B) are two major extracts obtained from its dried root. The quality of herbal ingredients can be affected by environmental factors. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the quality of wild S. miltiorrhiza and investigate the influence of soil constituents and parameters as well as climatic conditions and factors on the content of Tan IIA and Sal Acid B. METHODOLOGY We collected samples in 12 natural locations in the Dao Di area in China, the area in which S. miltiorrhiza grows, that results in a distinctive higher quality of medicinal materials from the harvested plant. The concentrations of Tan IIA and Sal Acid B were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Soil total carbon, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and particle size distribution were determined. We also collected climate data using ArcGIS from the WorldClim database, and correlation tests, redundancy, and regression analyses were conducted to analyse the relationship and cluster the samples according to their chemical profile. RESULTS The content of Tan IIA and Sal Acid B in most of the samples was significantly different (P < 0.05). Soil available phosphorus was considered as a key factor that influenced the quality of wild S. miltiorrhiza, and we found a significant negative association between the concentration of Tan IIA in roots and soil available phosphorus. Moreover, the accumulation of Tan IIA in S. miltiorrhiza was also significantly associated with precipitation in April, May, and October, maximum temperature in January, and standard deviation of temperature seasonality. There was no significant correlation between the content of Sal Acid B and ecological factors. In addition, samples collected from Mengshan, Hexian, and Lushi locations were rich in Tan IIA and tended to cluster together, whereas samples collected from Longquan and Huoshan locations tended to cluster and were poor in Tan IIA. CONCLUSION The Tan IIA content in samples collected from southern Anhui was significantly lower than that in other Dao Di locations. The content of Tan IIA was related more to the soil than the temperature. Compared with Tan IIA, Sal Acid B was less influenced by soil and climate factors. The findings of this study may provide helpful references for quality control of medicinal plants that exert pharmacological effects in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Liang
- College of Applied Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, Henan, P. R. China
- Sanmenxia Polytechnic, Sanmenxia, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yuhua Kong
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Sanmenxia Polytechnic, Sanmenxia, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoguo Wang
- Sanmenxia Polytechnic, Sanmenxia, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Zhenfang Jia
- Yue's tongren Sanmenxia Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Sanmenxia, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yuhua Dai
- Yue's tongren Sanmenxia Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Sanmenxia, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xitian Yang
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
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Ju Y, Yang L, Yue X, Li Y, He R, Deng S, Yang X, Fang Y. Anthocyanin profiles and color properties of red wines made from Vitis davidii and Vitis vinifera grapes. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Ju YL, Yue XF, Cao XY, Fang YL. Targeted Metabolomic and Transcript Level Analysis Reveals Quality Characteristic of Chinese Wild Grapes ( Vitis davidii Foex). Foods 2020; 9:foods9101387. [PMID: 33019551 PMCID: PMC7600675 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Native to China, spine grapes (Vitis davidii Foex) are an important wild grape species. Here, the quality characteristics of one white and three red spine grape clones were evaluated via targeted metabolomic and transcription level analysis. Xiangzhenzhu (XZZ) had the highest soluble sugar and organic acid content. Malvidin-3-acetyl-glucoside and cyanidin-3-glucoside were the characteristic anthocyanins in spine grapes, and significant differences in anthocyanin composition between different clones were detected. Anthocyanins were not detected in Baiyu (BY) grapes. The transcript levels of VdGST, VdF3′H, VdOMT, VdLDOX, and VdUFGT were significantly related to the anthocyanin biosynthesis and proportions. A total of 27 kinds of glycosidically bound volatiles (including alcohols, monoterpenes, esters, aldehydes, ketones, and phenolic acid) were identified in spine grapes, with Gaoshan #4 (G4) and BY grapes having the highest concentrations. The VdGT expression levels were closely related to glycosidically bound volatile concentrations. These results increase our understanding of the quality of wild spine grapes and further promote the development and use of wild grape resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-lun Ju
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.-l.J.); (X.-f.Y.); (X.-y.C.)
| | - Xiao-feng Yue
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.-l.J.); (X.-f.Y.); (X.-y.C.)
| | - Xue-ying Cao
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.-l.J.); (X.-f.Y.); (X.-y.C.)
| | - Yu-lin Fang
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.-l.J.); (X.-f.Y.); (X.-y.C.)
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling 712100, China
- Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-29-87091874; Fax: +86-29-87092233
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21
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Intermolecular copigmentation between five common 3-O-monoglucosidic anthocyanins and three phenolics in red wine model solutions: The influence of substituent pattern of anthocyanin B ring. Food Chem 2020; 326:126960. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Yang B, Yao H, Zhang J, Li Y, Ju Y, Zhao X, Sun X, Fang Y. Effect of regulated deficit irrigation on the content of soluble sugars, organic acids and endogenous hormones in Cabernet Sauvignon in the Ningxia region of China. Food Chem 2020; 312:126020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Yang B, He S, Liu Y, Liu B, Ju Y, Kang D, Sun X, Fang Y. Transcriptomics integrated with metabolomics reveals the effect of regulated deficit irrigation on anthocyanin biosynthesis in Cabernet Sauvignon grape berries. Food Chem 2020; 314:126170. [PMID: 31978717 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) is a new type of water-saving irrigation technology developed in recent years which was well suited to arid and semi-arid grape plant areas. The anthocyanin synthesis of grapes under RDI was revealed through omics in this study. RDI slightly decreased the hundred-grain weight and increased the soluble solid content, juice pH, reducing sugar content, and total anthocyanin content. Meanwhile, the total acid content decreased before ripening. Transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses revealed that large numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and significantly changed metabolites (SCMs) were filtered in the RDI groups. RDI1 with 30% ETc upregulated 7 related gene expression levels in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway and also increased some metabolites contents. Eventually, the contents of most monomeric anthocyanins in the RDI groups were increased, and the proportion of Mv increased in the ripe grapes of the RDI groups. In all, RDI is a useful water-saving irrigation method which could also increase anthocyanin content in grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Yang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shuang He
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Buchun Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanlun Ju
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Dengzhao Kang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; Xinjiang Panyu Winery Co. LTD, Bohu 841400, China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Yulin Fang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Ju YL, Yue XF, Min Z, Wang XH, Fang YL, Zhang JX. VvNAC17, a novel stress-responsive grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) NAC transcription factor, increases sensitivity to abscisic acid and enhances salinity, freezing, and drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 146:98-111. [PMID: 31734522 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is the primary factor limiting the growth and fruit quality of grapevines worldwide. However, the biological function of the NAC [No apical meristem (NAM), Arabidopsis transcription activation factor (ATAF), Cup-shaped cotyledon (CUC)] transcription factor (TF) in grapevine is not clear. In this study, we reported that VvNAC17, a novel NAC transcription factor, was expressed in various tissues following drought, high temperature (45 °C), freezing (4 °C), salicylic acid (SA), and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments in grapevine. The VvNAC17 protein was localized in the nucleus of Arabidopsis thaliana protoplasts and demonstrated transcriptional activation activities at its C-terminus in yeast. The VvNAC17 gene was overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. Under mannitol and salt stress, the germination rates of the VvNAC17-overexpression lines were higher than those of the wild-type plants, as were the root lengths. The VvNAC17-overexpression lines showed greater tolerance to freezing stress along with a higher survival rate. Following ABA treatment, the seed germination rate and the root length of the VvNAC17-overexpression lines were inhibited, and the stomatal opening and stomatal density were reduced. When subjected to drought and dehydration stress, the VvNAC17-overexpression lines showed improved survival and reduced water loss rates in comparison to the wild-type plants. Under drought conditions, the VvNAC17-overexpression lines had lower malondialdehyde and H2O2 contents, but higher peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities as well as higher proline content. Moreover, the expression of marker genes, including ABI5, AREB1, COR15A, COR47, P5CS, RD22, and RD29A, was up-regulated in the VvNAC17-overexpression lines when subjected to ABA and drought treatments. The results suggest that in transgenic Arabidopsis over-expression of VvNAC17 enhances resistance to drought while up-regulating the expression of ABA- and stress-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lun Ju
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Xiao-Feng Yue
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Zhuo Min
- Department of Brewing Engineering, Moutai University, Renhuai, Guizhou, 564507, China.
| | - Xian-Hang Wang
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Yu-Lin Fang
- College of Enology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| | - Jun-Xiang Zhang
- Ningxia Grape and Wine Research Institute, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750000, China.
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