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Haider FU, Zulfiqar U, Ain NU, Mehmood T, Ali U, Ramos Aguila LC, Li Y, Siddique KHM, Farooq M. Managing antimony pollution: Insights into Soil-Plant system dynamics and remediation Strategies. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142694. [PMID: 38925521 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Researchers are increasingly concerned about antimony (Sb) in ecosystems and the environment. Sb primarily enters the environment through anthropogenic (urbanization, industries, coal mining, cars, and biosolid wastes) and geological (natural and chemical weathering of parent material, leaching, and wet deposition) processes. Sb is a hazardous metal that can potentially harm human health. However, no comprehensive information is available on its sources, how it behaves in soil, and its bioaccumulation. Thus, this study reviews more than 160 peer-reviewed studies examining Sb's origins, geochemical distribution and speciation in soil, biogeochemical mechanisms regulating Sb mobilization, bioavailability, and plant phytotoxicity. In addition, Sb exposure effects plant physio-morphological and biochemical attributes were investigated. The toxicity of Sb has a pronounced impact on various aspects of plant life, including a reduction in seed germination and impeding plant growth and development, resulting from restricted essential nutrient uptake, oxidative damages, disruption of photosynthetic system, and amino acid and protein synthesis. Various widely employed methods for Sb remediation, such as organic manure and compost, coal fly ash, biochar, phytoremediation, microbial-based bioremediation, micronutrients, clay minerals, and nanoremediation, are reviewed with a critical assessment of their effectiveness, cost-efficiency, and suitability for use in agricultural soils. This review shows how plants deal with Sb stress, providing insights into lowering Sb levels in the environment and lessening risks to ecosystems and human health along the food chain. Examining different methods like bioaccumulation, bio-sorption, electrostatic attraction, and complexation actively works to reduce toxicity in contaminated agricultural soil caused by Sb. In the end, the exploration of recent advancements in genetics and molecular biology techniques are highlighted, which offers valuable insights into combating Sb toxicity. In conclusion, the findings of this comprehensive review should help develop innovative and useful strategies for minimizing Sb absorption and contamination and thus successfully managing Sb-polluted soil and plants to reduce environmental and public health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasih Ullah Haider
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Noor Ul Ain
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518120, China
| | - Tariq Mehmood
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Department Sensors and Modeling, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Umed Ali
- Department of Agriculture, Mir Chakar Khan Rind University, Sibi 82000, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Luis Carlos Ramos Aguila
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yuelin Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Oman.
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2
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Ran M, Lu Y, Ren Y, He L, Li J. Efficient reduction of Cr(VI) by guava (Psidium guajava) leaf extract and its mitigation effect on Cr toxicity in rice seedlings. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 141:1-15. [PMID: 38408812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a toxic element that has negative impacts on crop growth and yield. Using plant extracts to convert toxic Cr(VI) into less toxic Cr(III) may be a more favorable option compared to chemical reducing agents. In this study, the potential effects and mechanisms of using an aqueous extract of Psidium guajava L. leaves (AEP) in reducing Cr(VI) toxicity in rice were comprehensively studied. Firstly, the reducing power of AEP for Cr(VI) was confirmed by the cyclic voltammetry combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) assays. The highest Cr(VI) reduction efficiency reached approximately 78% under 1.5 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/mL of AEP and 10 mg/L Cr(VI) condition. Additionally, Cr(VI) stress had a significant inhibitory effect on rice growth. However, the exogenous application of AEP alleviated the growth inhibition and oxidative damage of rice under Cr(VI) stress by increasing the activity and level of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Furthermore, the addition of AEP restored the ultrastructure of root cells, promoted Cr adsorption onto root cell walls, and limited the translocation Cr to shoots. In shoots, AEP application also triggered the expression of specific genes involved in Cr defense and detoxification response, including photosynthesis pathways, antioxidant systems, flavonoids biosynthesis, and plant hormone signal transduction. These results suggest that AEP is an efficient reduction agent for Cr(VI), and exogenous application of AEP may be a promising strategy to mitigate the harm of Cr(VI) on rice, ultimately contributing to improved crop yield in Cr-contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maodi Ran
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yongqing Lu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yanzhen Ren
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Li He
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Jiaokun Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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3
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Wu J, Jiao Y, Ran M, Li J. The role of an Sb-oxidizing bacterium in modulating antimony speciation and iron plaque formation to reduce the accumulation and toxicity of Sb in rice (Oryza sativa L.). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133897. [PMID: 38442599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Microbial antimony (Sb) oxidation in the root rhizosphere and the formation of iron plaque (IP) on the root surface are considered as two separate strategies to mitigate Sb(III) phytotoxicity. Here, the effect of an Sb-oxidizing bacterium Bacillus sp. S3 on IP characteristics of rice exposed to Sb(III) and its alleviating effects on plant growth were investigated. The results revealed that Fe(II) supply promoted IP formation under Sb(III) stress. However, the formed IP facilitated rather than hindered the uptake of Sb by rice roots. In contrast, the combined application of Fe(II) and Bacillus sp. S3 effectively alleviated Sb(III) toxicity in rice, resulting in improved rice growth and photosynthesis, reduced oxidative stress levels, enhanced antioxidant systems, and restricted Sb uptake and translocation. Despite the ability of Bacillus sp. S3 to oxidize Fe(II), bacterial inoculation inhibited the formation of IP, resulting in a reduction in Sb absorption on IP and uptake into the roots. Additionally, the bacterial inoculum enhanced the transformation of Sb(III) to less toxic Sb(V) in the culture solution, further influencing the adsorption of Sb onto IP. These findings highlight the potential of combining microbial Sb oxidation and IP as an effective strategy for minimizing Sb toxicity in sustainable rice production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Ying Jiao
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Maodi Ran
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jiaokun Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
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Charagh S, Hui S, Wang J, Raza A, Zhou L, Xu B, Zhang Y, Sheng Z, Tang S, Hu S, Hu P. Unveiling Innovative Approaches to Mitigate Metals/Metalloids Toxicity for Sustainable Agriculture. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14226. [PMID: 38410873 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to anthropogenic activities, environmental pollution of heavy metals/metalloids (HMs) has increased and received growing attention in recent decades. Plants growing in HM-contaminated soils have slower growth and development, resulting in lower agricultural yield. Exposure to HMs leads to the generation of free radicals (oxidative stress), which alters plant morpho-physiological and biochemical pathways at the cellular and tissue levels. Plants have evolved complex defense mechanisms to avoid or tolerate the toxic effects of HMs, including HMs absorption and accumulation in cell organelles, immobilization by forming complexes with organic chelates, extraction via numerous transporters, ion channels, signaling cascades, and transcription elements, among others. Nonetheless, these internal defensive mechanisms are insufficient to overcome HMs toxicity. Therefore, unveiling HMs adaptation and tolerance mechanisms is necessary for sustainable agriculture. Recent breakthroughs in cutting-edge approaches such as phytohormone and gasotransmitters application, nanotechnology, omics, and genetic engineering tools have identified molecular regulators linked to HMs tolerance, which may be applied to generate HMs-tolerant future plants. This review summarizes numerous systems that plants have adapted to resist HMs toxicity, such as physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses. Diverse adaptation strategies have also been comprehensively presented to advance plant resilience to HMs toxicity that could enable sustainable agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Suozhen Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Ali Raza
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghua Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Shikai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Peisong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
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5
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Tang H, Hassan MU, Nawaz M, Yang W, Liu Y, Yang B. A review on sources of soil antimony pollution and recent progress on remediation of antimony polluted soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 266:115583. [PMID: 37862748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) is a serious toxic and non-essential metalloid for animals, humans, and plants. The rapid increase in anthropogenic inputs from mining and industrial activities, vehicle emissions, and shoot activity increased the Sb concentration in the environment, which has become a serious concern across the globe. Hence, remediation of Sb-contaminated soils needs serious attention to provide safe and healthy foods to humans. Different techniques, including biochar (BC), compost, manures, plant additives, phyto-hormones, nano-particles (NPs), organic acids (OA), silicon (Si), microbial remediation techniques, and phytoremediation are being used globally to remediate the Sb polluted soils. In the present review, we described sources of soil Sb pollution, the environmental impact of antimony pollution, the multi-faceted nature of antimony pollution, recent progress in remediation techniques, and recommendations for the remediation of soil Sb-pollution. We also discussed the success stories and potential of different practices to remediate Sb-polluted soils. In particular, we discussed the various mechanisms, including bio-sorption, bio-accumulation, complexation, and electrostatic attraction, that can reduce the toxicity of Sb by converting Sb-V into Sb-III. Additionally, we also identified the research gaps that need to be filled in future studies. Therefore, the current review will help to develop appropriate and innovative strategies to limit Sb bioavailability and toxicity and sustainably manage Sb polluted soils hence reducing the toxic effects of Sb on the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Tang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Mohsin Nawaz
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Wenting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Binjuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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6
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Feng D, Wang R, Sun X, Liu L, Liu P, Tang J, Zhang C, Liu H. Heavy metal stress in plants: Ways to alleviate with exogenous substances. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 897:165397. [PMID: 37429478 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation and enrichment of excessive heavy metals due to industrialization and modernization not only devastate our ecosystem, but also pose a threat to the global vegetation, especially crops. To improve plant resilience against heavy metal stress (HMS), numerous exogenous substances (ESs) have been tried as the alleviating agents. After a careful and thorough review of over 150 recently published literature, 93 reported ESs and their corresponding effects on alleviating HMS, we propose that 7 underlying mechanisms of ESs be categorized in plants for: 1) improving the capacity of the antioxidant system, 2) inducing the synthesis of osmoregulatory substances, 3) enhancing the photochemical system, 4) detouring the accumulation and migration of heavy metals, 5) regulating the secretion of endogenous hormones, 6) modulating gene expressions, and 7) participating in microbe-involved regulations. Recent research advances strongly indicate that ESs have proven to be effective in mitigating a potential negative impact of HMS on crops and other plants, but not enough to ultimately solve the devastating problem associated with excessive heavy metals. Therefore, much more research should be focused and carried out to eliminate HMS for the sustainable agriculture and clean environmental through minimizing towards prohibiting heavy metals from entering our ecosystem, phytodetoxicating polluted landscapes, retrieving heavy metals from detoxicating plants or crop, breeding for more tolerant cultivars for both high yield and tolerance against HMS, and seeking synergetic effect of multiply ESs on HMS alleviation in our feature researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Feng
- Weifang University of Science and Technology/Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang 262700, Shandong, China
| | - Rongxue Wang
- Weifang University of Science and Technology/Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang 262700, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoan Sun
- Weifang University of Science and Technology/Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang 262700, Shandong, China
| | - Li'nan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Weifang University of Science and Technology/Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang 262700, Shandong, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Weifang University of Science and Technology/Shandong Facility Horticulture Bioengineering Research Center, Weifang 262700, Shandong, China.
| | - Hao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Water Requirement and Regulation of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China.
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7
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Lu Y, Wu J, Li J. The alleviating effects and underlying mechanisms of exogenous selenium on both Sb(III) and Sb(V) toxicity in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:89927-89941. [PMID: 37460885 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28631-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) has been used to detoxify various heavy metals in plants. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of exogenous Se application on the toxicity of antimonite [Sb(III)] and antimonate [Sb(V)] in crops are still poorly understood. Therefore, the potential alleviating roles of Se on the plant growth, antioxidant system, uptake and subcellular distribution of Sb, and expression of Sb-related genes were comprehensively investigated in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) under both Sb(III) and Sb(V) stress conditions. The results showed that high concentrations of Sb(III) (100 µM) and Sb(V) (300 µM) caused a significant decrease in plant growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments and relative water content in rice seedlings. In contrast, the addition of Se (20 or 2 µM) improved rice growth, decreased Sb accumulation, and reduced oxidative stress in rice seedlings when exposed to 100 µM Sb(III) and 300 µM Sb(V), respectively. Furthermore, Se application could effectively improve the physiological adaptability of rice seedlings under Sb(III) and Sb(V) stress by regulating enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems, Sb subcellular distribution and transcription levels of Sb-related genes, including in antioxidant response (OsCuZnSOD2, OsCATA and OsGSH1), detoxification (OsPCS1, OsPCS2 and OsABCC1) and Sb transport and sequestration (OsLsi1 and OsWAK11). Moreover, we also discovered that the mitigation effect of Se was dose-dependent and depended on Sb valence states. Thus, these findings contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying Se-Sb antagonism in rice, offering a potentially useful method for producing both safe and Se-rich crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Lu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaxing Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Jiaokun Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China.
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8
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Gu T, Lu Y, Li F, Zeng W, Shen L, Yu R, Li J. Microbial extracellular polymeric substances alleviate cadmium toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) by regulating cadmium uptake, subcellular distribution and triggering the expression of stress-related genes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 257:114958. [PMID: 37116453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in crops causes potential risks to human health. Microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are a complex mixture of biopolymers that can bind various heavy metals. The present work examined the alleviating effects of EPS on Cd toxicity in rice and its detoxification mechanism. The 100 μM Cd stress hampered the overall plant growth and development, damaged the ultrastructures of both leaf and root cells, and caused severe lipid peroxidation in rice plants. However, applying EPS at a concentration of 100 mg/L during Cd stress resulted in increased biomass, reduced Cd accumulation and transport, and minimized the oxidative damage. EPS application also enhanced Cd retention in the shoot cell walls and root vacuoles, and actively altered the expression of genes involved in cell wall formation, antioxidant defense systems, transcription factors, and hormone metabolism. These findings provide new insights into EPS-mediated mitigation of Cd stress in plants and help us to develop strategies to improve crop yield in Cd-contaminated soils in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyuan Gu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Yongqing Lu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Fang Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Weimin Zeng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Li Shen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Runlan Yu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Jiaokun Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
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9
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Guo S, Hua L, Liu W, Liu H, Chen Q, Li Y, Li X, Zhao L, Li R, Zhang Z, Zhang C, Zhu L, Sun H, Zhao H. Multiple metal exposure and metabolic syndrome in elderly individuals: A case-control study in an active mining district, Northwest China. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 326:138494. [PMID: 36966925 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is increasing at an alarming rate worldwide, particularly among elderly individuals. Exposure to various metals has been linked to the development of MetS. However, limited studies have focused attention on the elderly population living in active mining districts. Participants with MetS (N = 292) were matched for age (±2 years old) and sex with a healthy subject (N = 292). We measured the serum levels of 14 metals in older people aged 65-85 years. Conditional logistic regression, restricted cubic spline model, multiple linear regression, and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) were applied to estimate potential associations between multiple metals and the risk of MetS. Serum levels of Sb and Fe were significantly higher than the controls (0.58 μg/L vs 0.46 μg/L, 2167 μg/L vs 2042 μg/L, p < 0.05), while Mg was significantly lower (20035 μg/L vs 20,394 μg/L, p < 0.05). An increased risk of MetS was associated with higher serum Sb levels (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.61 for the highest tertile vs. the lowest tertile, 95% CI = 1.08-2.40, p-trend = 0.018) and serum Fe levels (adjusted OR = 1.55 for the highest tertile, 95% CI = 1.04-2.33, p-trend = 0.032). Higher Mg levels in serum may have potential protective effects on the development of MetS (adjusted OR = 0.61 for the highest tertile, 95% CI = 0.41-0.91, p-trend = 0.013). A joint exposure analysis by the BKMR model revealed that the mixture of 12 metals (except Tl and Cd) was associated with increased risk of MetS. Our results indicated that exposure to Sb and Fe might increase the risk of MetS in an elderly population living in mining-intensive areas. Further work is needed to confirm the protective effect of Mg on MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Liting Hua
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Wu Liu
- Jingyuan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Baiyin, Gansu, 730699, China
| | - Hongxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China
| | - Qiusheng Chen
- Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300381, China
| | - Yongcheng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Leicheng Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Ruoqi Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zining Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongzhi Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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10
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Gao M, Wang Z, Jia Z, Zhang H, Wang T. Brassinosteroids alleviate nanoplastic toxicity in edible plants by activating antioxidant defense systems and suppressing nanoplastic uptake. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 174:107901. [PMID: 37003216 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
As emerging pollutants of global concern, absorbed nanoplastics might have negative impacts on plant development and nutrient uptake, thereby decreasing yields. If nanoplastics are transferred to the edible parts of plants, they may pose a threat to human health when large quantities are ingested. While nanoplastic-induced phytotoxicity is attracting increasing attention, little is known about how to inhibit nanoplastic accumulation in plants and reduce the subsequent adverse effects. Here we investigated the absorption and accumulation of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) in different plant species and the role of brassinosteroids in alleviating PS-NP toxicity. Brassinosteroids inhibited accumulation of PS-NPs in tomato fruit and reversed PS-NP-induced phytotoxicity to promote plant growth and increase fresh weight and plant height. Brassinosteroids also reversed the induction of aquaporin-related genes by PS-NPs including TIP2-1, TIP2-2, PIP2-6, PIP2-8, PIP2-9, SIP2-1, and NIP1-2, providing a potential stress mechanism by which PS-NPs accumulate in the edible parts and targets for inhibition. In transcriptomic analyses, brassinosteroids enhanced fatty acid and amino acid metabolism and synthesis. In conclusion, exogenous application of 50 nM brassinosteroids alleviated the adverse effects of PS-NPs on plants, and exogenous application of brassinosteroids might be an effective means to minimize PS-NP-induced phytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Zhongtang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Zhenzhen Jia
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
| | - Tian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety of Shandong Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China.
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11
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Zlobin IE, Danilova ED, Murgan OK, Kolomeichuk LV, Litvinovskaya RP, Sauchuk AL, Kuznetsov VV, Efimova MV. Structurally Different Exogenic Brassinosteroids Protect Plants under Polymetallic Pollution via Structure-Specific Changes in Metabolism and Balance of Cell-Protective Components. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052077. [PMID: 36903322 PMCID: PMC10003821 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals and aluminum are among the most significant abiotic factors that reduce the productivity and quality of crops in acidic and contaminated soils. The protective effects of brassinosteroids containing lactone are relatively well-studied under heavy metal stress, but the effects of brassinosteroids containing ketone are almost unstudied. Moreover, there are almost no data in the literature on the protective role of these hormones under polymetallic stress. The aim of our study was to compare the stress-protective effects of lactone-containing (homobrassinolide) and ketone-containing (homocastasterone) brassinosteroids on the barley plant's resistance to polymetallic stress. Barley plants were grown under hydroponic conditions; brassinosteroids, increased concentrations of heavy metals (Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb), and Al were added to the nutrient medium. It was found that homocastasterone was more effective than homobrassinolide in mitigating the negative effects of stress on plant growth. Both brassinosteroids had no significant effect on the antioxidant system of plants. Both homobrassinolide and homocastron equally reduced the accumulation of toxic metals (except for Cd) in plant biomass. Both hormones improved Mg nutrition of plants treated with metal stress, but the positive effect on the content of photosynthetic pigments was observed only for homocastasterone and not for homobrassinolide. In conclusion, the protective effect of homocastasterone was more prominent compared to homobrassinolide, but the biological mechanisms of this difference remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya E. Zlobin
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Elena D. Danilova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Ol’ga K. Murgan
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Liliya V. Kolomeichuk
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia
| | - Raisa P. Litvinovskaya
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich Street 5/2, 220084 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Alina L. Sauchuk
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Kuprevich Street 5/2, 220084 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Vladimir V. Kuznetsov
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
- Correspondence: (V.V.K.); (M.V.E.); Tel.: +7-966-060-5878 (V.V.K.); +7-903-952-9672 (M.V.E.)
| | - Marina V. Efimova
- Department of Plant Physiology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Biological Institute, National Research Tomsk State University, Lenin Avenue 36, Tomsk 634050, Russia
- Correspondence: (V.V.K.); (M.V.E.); Tel.: +7-966-060-5878 (V.V.K.); +7-903-952-9672 (M.V.E.)
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12
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Labancová E, Vivodová Z, Šípošová K, Kollárová K. Silicon Actuates Poplar Calli Tolerance after Longer Exposure to Antimony. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:689. [PMID: 36771773 PMCID: PMC9919072 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The presence of antimony (Sb) in high concentrations in the environment is recognized as an emerging problem worldwide. The toxicity of Sb in plant tissues is known; however, new methods of plant tolerance improvement must be addressed. Here, poplar callus (Populus alba L. var. pyramidallis) exposed to Sb(III) in 0.2 mM concentration and/or to silicon (Si) in 5 mM concentration was cultivated in vitro to determine the impact of Sb/Si interaction in the tissue. The Sb and Si uptake, growth, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol-peroxidase (G-POX), nutrient concentrations, and the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments were investigated. To elucidate the action of Si during the Sb-induced stress, the impact of short and long cultivations was determined. Silicon decreased the accumulation of Sb in the calli, regardless of the length of the cultivation (by approx. 34%). Antimony lowered the callus biomass (by approx. 37%) and decreased the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments (up to 78.5%) and nutrients in the tissue (up to 21.7%). Silicon supported the plant tolerance to Sb via the modification of antioxidant enzyme activity, which resulted in higher biomass production (increased by approx. 35%) and a higher uptake of nutrients from the media (increased by approx. 10%). Silicon aided the development of Sb-tolerance over the longer cultivation period. These results are key in understanding the action of Si-developed tolerance against metalloids.
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Genome-wide identification, characterization and gene expression of BES1 transcription factor family in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Sci Rep 2023; 13:240. [PMID: 36604456 PMCID: PMC9816167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BES1, as the most important transcription factor responsible for brassinolide (BR) signaling, has been confirmed to play a significant role in regulating plant growth and the improvement of stress resistance. The transcriptional regulatory mechanism of BES1 has been well elucidated in several plants, such as Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana), Triticum aestivum L. (T. aestivum), and Oryza sativa L. (O. sativa). Nevertheless, the genome-wide analysis of the BES1 family in Vitis vinifera L. (V. vinifera). has not been comprehensively carried out. Thus, we have conducted a detailed analysis and identification of the BES1 transcription factors family in V. vinifera; a total of eight VvBES1 genes was predicted, and the phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, and Cis-acting element in their promoters were also analyzed. BES1 genes have been divided into three groups (I, II and III) based on phylogenetic relationship analysis, and most of VvBES1 genes were in group III. Also, we found that VvBES1 genes was located at seven of the total nineteen chromosomes, whereas VvBES1-2 (Vitvi04g01234) and VvBES1-5 (Vitvi18g00924) had a collinearity relationship, and their three copies are well preserved. In addition, the intron-exon model of VvBES1 genes were mostly conserved, and there existed several Cis-acting elements related to stress resistance responsive and phytohormones responsive in BES1s genes promoter. Moreover, the BES1 expressions were different in different V. vinifera organs, and BES1 expressions were different in different V. vinifera varieties under saline-alkali stress and heat stress, the expression of VvBES1 also changed with the prolongation of saline-alkali stress treatment time. The above findings could not only lay a primary foundation for the further validation of VvBES1 function, but could also provide a reference for molecular breeding in V. vinifera.
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Tang H, Meng G, Xiang J, Mahmood A, Xiang G, SanaUllah, Liu Y, Huang G. Toxic effects of antimony in plants: Reasons and remediation possibilities-A review and future prospects. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1011945. [PMID: 36388491 PMCID: PMC9643749 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1011945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) is a dangerous heavy metal (HM) that poses a serious threat to the health of plants, animals, and humans. Leaching from mining wastes and weathering of sulfide ores are the major ways of introducing Sb into our soils and aquatic environments. Crops grown on Sb-contaminated soils are a major reason of Sb entry into humans by eating Sb-contaminated foods. Sb toxicity in plants reduces seed germination and root and shoot growth, and causes substantial reduction in plant growth and final productions. Moreover, Sb also induces chlorosis, causes damage to the photosynthetic apparatus, reduces membrane stability and nutrient uptake, and increases oxidative stress by increasing reactive oxygen species, thereby reducing plant growth and development. The threats induced by Sb toxicity and Sb concentration in soils are increasing day by day, which would be a major risk to crop production and human health. Additionally, the lack of appropriate measures regarding the remediation of Sb-contaminated soils will further intensify the current situation. Therefore, future research must be aimed at devising appropriate measures to mitigate the hazardous impacts of Sb toxicity on plants, humans, and the environment and to prevent the entry of Sb into our ecosystem. We have also described the various strategies to remediate Sb-contaminated soils to prevent its entry into the human food chain. Additionally, we also identified the various research gaps that must be addressed in future research programs. We believe that this review will help readers to develop the appropriate measures to minimize the toxic effects of Sb and its entry into our ecosystem. This will ensure the proper food production on Sb-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Tang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, China
| | - Guiyuan Meng
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, China
| | - Junqing Xiang
- Loudi Liancheng Hi-Tech Agricultural Development Co. LTD, Loudi, China
| | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Guohong Xiang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, China
| | - SanaUllah
- Agronomic Research Station Karor, Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, China
| | - Guoqin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetics Breeding (Jiangxi Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Nanchang, China
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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15
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Zhang Q, Liang M, Song R, Song Z, Song H, Qiao X. Brassinosteroids enhance resistance to manganese toxicity in Malus robusta Rehd. via modulating polyamines profile. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 277:153808. [PMID: 36088781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) toxicity in soil is a widely observed phenomenon, which seriously restricts growth, quality, and yield of various crops and fruits including apples. However, mechanisms underlying the regulation of polyamines (PAs) by brassinosteroids (BRs) to improve tolerance to Mn stress are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBL; a BR) on the expression of genes involved in BR signaling pathway, Mn accumulation, PAs-mediated responses (PA precursor levels, metabolic enzymes, and genes), and growth parameters in Mn-stressed Malus robusta Rehd. EBL application significantly modulated the expressions of genes related to BR signaling (MdBRI, MdBSK, etc.) and reduced Mn accumulation, along with improving the rate of increase in root length and plant height, relative water content, chlorophyll content, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), and actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII) and decreasing electrical conductivity. Furthermore, EBL application significantly reduced putrescine (Put) accumulation and increased spermine (Spm) content and (Spd + Spm)/Put ratio. EBL weakened ornithine (Orn) pathway, decreased ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity, and increased biosynthesis of Spm from Put via elevating the PA oxidase (PAO) activity and expression of MdSPDS, MdSPMS, and MdPAO. The trends for free, PS-conjugated, and PIS-bound PAs were similar to that of total PAs, except that no significant change was observed in free Spm, PS-conjugated Spd, and Spm, as well as PIS-bound Spd. This study revealed that BR-regulated PAs help in mitigating Mn toxicity and clarified the mechanisms of regulation of PAs by BRs in apple trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China; The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China
| | - Meixia Liang
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China; The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China
| | - Ruoxuan Song
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China; The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China
| | - Zhizhong Song
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China
| | - Hao Song
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China
| | - Xuqiang Qiao
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China; The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, Shandong Province, 264025, China.
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16
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Basit F, Bhat JA, Dong Z, Mou Q, Zhu X, Wang Y, Hu J, Jan BL, Shakoor A, Guan Y, Ahmad P. Chromium toxicity induced oxidative damage in two rice cultivars and its mitigation through external supplementation of brassinosteroids and spermine. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134423. [PMID: 35430206 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The chromium (Cr) induced phytotoxicity avowed the scientific community to develop stress mitigation strategies to restrain the Cr accumulation inside the food chain. Whereas, brassinosteroids (BRs), and spermine (SPM) are well-known growth-promoting phytohormones, which enhance the plants health, and resilient the toxic effects under stress conditions. Until now, their interactive role against Cr-mitigation is poorly known. Hence, we conducted the hydroponic experiment to perceive the behavior of seed primed with BRs, or/and SPM treatment against Cr disclosure in two different rice cultivars (CY927; sensitive, YLY689; tolerant). Our findings delineated that BRs (0.01 μM), or/and SPM (0.01 mM) remarkably alleviated Cr-induced phytotoxicity by improving the seed germination ratio, chlorophyll pigments, PSII system, total soluble sugar, and minimizing the MDA contents level, ROS extra generation, and electrolyte leakage through restricting the Cr accretion in roots, and shoots of both rice cultivars under Cr stress. Additionally, the BRs, or/and SPM modulated the antioxidant enzyme, and non-enzyme activities to reduce the Cr-induced cellular oxidative damage as well as maintained the ionic hemostasis in both rice cultivars, especially in YLY689. Concisely, enhanced the plants biomass and growth. Overall, our outcomes revealed that BRs and SPM interact positively to alleviate the Cr-induced damages in rice seedlings on the above-mentioned indices, and combine treatment is much more efficient than solely. Moreover, the effect of BRs, or/and SPM was more obvious in YLY689 than CY927 to hamper the oxidative stress, and boost the antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farwa Basit
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Javaid Akhter Bhat
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Zhang Dong
- Hainan Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Qingshan Mou
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhu
- Hainan Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Advanced Agricultural Science, The Key Laboratory of Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin' an, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Jin Hu
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Hainan Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Basit Latief Jan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Awais Shakoor
- Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Yajing Guan
- Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Hainan Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China.
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 8, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Cao W, Gong J, Zeng G, Qin M, Qin L, Zhang Y, Fang S, Li J, Tang S, Chen Z. Impacts of typical engineering nanomaterials on the response of rhizobacteria communities and rice (Oryza sativa L.) growths in waterlogged antimony-contaminated soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 430:128385. [PMID: 35152103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The combined eco-risks of Sb (widely presented in soils, especially nearing mining areas) and the engineering nanomaterials (ENMs) (applied in agriculture and soil remediation) still remain uncovered. The current study investigated the impacts of single and combined exposure of CuO, CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) with Sb on rice growths and rhizosphere bacterial communities. The results showed that co-exposure of CuO NPs (0.075 wt%) with Sb (III) posed the most adverse impacts on root biomass and branches (up to 66.59% and 70.00% compared to other treatments, respectively). Treatments containing MWCNTs showed insignificant dose-dependent effects, while CeO2 NPs combined with Sb (III) showed significant synergistic stimulating effects on the fresh weights of root and shoot, by 68.30% and 73.48% (p < 0.05) compared to single Sb exposure, respectively. The rice planting increased the percentage of non-specifically sorbed Sb in soils by 1.50-14.49 than the no-planting stage. Analysis on microbial communities revealed that co-exposure of CuO NPs with Sb (III) induced the greatest adverse impacts on rhizobacteria abundances and community structures at both phylum and genus levels. Therein, significant decrease of Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria and increase of Firmicutes abundance at the phylum level were observed. This study provided information about the risks of different ENMs released to Sb-contaminated soils under flooded condition on both crops and bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Cao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jilai Gong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring for Heavy Metal Pollutants, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Meng Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lei Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yiqiu Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Siyuan Fang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Siqun Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Zengping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
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18
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Periferakis A, Caruntu A, Periferakis AT, Scheau AE, Badarau IA, Caruntu C, Scheau C. Availability, Toxicology and Medical Significance of Antimony. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084669. [PMID: 35457536 PMCID: PMC9030621 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Antimony has been known and used since ancient times, but its applications have increased significantly during the last two centuries. Aside from its few medical applications, it also has industrial applications, acting as a flame retardant and a catalyst. Geologically, native antimony is rare, and it is mostly found in sulfide ores. The main ore minerals of antimony are antimonite and jamesonite. The extensive mining and use of antimony have led to its introduction into the biosphere, where it can be hazardous, depending on its bioavailability and absorption. Detailed studies exist both from active and abandoned mining sites, and from urban settings, which document the environmental impact of antimony pollution and its impact on human physiology. Despite its evident and pronounced toxicity, it has also been used in some drugs, initially tartar emetics and subsequently antimonials. The latter are used to treat tropical diseases and their therapeutic potential for leishmaniasis means that they will not be soon phased out, despite the fact the antimonial resistance is beginning to be documented. The mechanisms by which antimony is introduced into human cells and subsequently excreted are still the subject of research; their elucidation will enable us to better understand antimony toxicity and, hopefully, to improve the nature and delivery method of antimonial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyrios Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.); (A.-T.P.); (I.A.B.); (C.C.)
- Akadimia of Ancient Greek and Traditional Chinese Medicine, 16675 Athens, Greece
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (C.S.)
| | - Aristodemos-Theodoros Periferakis
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.); (A.-T.P.); (I.A.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Andreea-Elena Scheau
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ioana Anca Badarau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.); (A.-T.P.); (I.A.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.); (A.-T.P.); (I.A.B.); (C.C.)
- Department of Dermatology, Prof. N.C. Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, The “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.); (A.-T.P.); (I.A.B.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (C.S.)
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Zhou M, Li X, Liu X, Mi Y, Fu Z, Zhang R, Su H, Wei Y, Liu H, Wang F. Effects of Antimony on Rice Growth and Its Existing Forms in Rice Under Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Environment. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:814323. [PMID: 35391723 PMCID: PMC8981305 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.814323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can form symbiotic relationships with most terrestrial plants and regulate the uptake and distribution of antimony (Sb) in rice. The effect of AMF on the uptake and transport of Sb in rice was observed using pot experiments in the greenhouse. The results showed that AMF inoculation increased the contact area between roots and metals by forming mycelium, and changed the pH and Eh of the root soil, leading to more Sb entering various parts of the rice, especially at an Sb concentration of 1,200 mg/kg. The increase in metal toxicity further led to a decrease in the rice chlorophyll content, which directly resulted in a 22.7% decrease in aboveground biomass, 21.7% in underground biomass, and 11.3% in grain biomass. In addition, the antioxidant enzyme results showed that inoculation of AMF decreased 22.3% in superoxide dismutase, 9.9% in catalase, and 20.7% in peroxidase compared to the non-inoculation groups, further verifying the negative synergistic effect of AMF inoculation on the uptake of Sb in rice. The present study demonstrated the effect of AMF on the uptake and transport of Sb in the soil–rice system, facilitating future research on the related mechanism in the soil–rice system under Sb stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yidong Mi
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyou Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiqing Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolla University, Hohhot, China
| | - Hailei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Wei,
| | - Huifang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fanfan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China
- Fanfan Wang,
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20
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Lai Z, He M, Lin C, Ouyang W, Liu X. Interactions of antimony with biomolecules and its effects on human health. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 233:113317. [PMID: 35182796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) pollution has increased health risks to humans as a result of extensive application in diverse fields. Exposure to different levels of Sb and its compounds will directly or indirectly affect the normal function of the human body, whereas limited human health data and simulation studies delay the understanding of this element. In this review, we summarize current research on the effects of Sb on human health from different perspectives. First, the exposure pathways, concentration and excretion of Sb in humans are briefly introduced, and several studies have revealed that human exposure to high levels of Sb will cause higher concentrations in body tissues. Second, interactions between Sb and biomolecules or other nonbiomolecules affected biochemical processes such as gene expression and hormone secretion, which are vital for causing and understanding health effects and mechanisms. Finally, we discuss the different health effects of Sb at the biological level from small molecules to individual. In conclusion, exposure to high levels of Sb compounds will increase the risk of disease by affecting different cell signaling pathways. In addition, the appropriate form and dose of Sb contribute to inhibit the development of specific diseases. Key challenges and gaps in toxicity or benefit effects and mechanisms that still hinder risk assessment of human health are also identified in this review. Systematic studies on the relationships between the biochemical process of Sb and human health are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Mengchang He
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Chunye Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xitao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
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21
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Liu C, Feng B, Zhou Y, Liu C, Gong X. Exogenous brassinosteroids increases tolerance to shading by altering stress responses in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 151:279-294. [PMID: 34846599 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00887-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant steroidal hormones, brassinosteroids, play a key role in various developmental processes of plants and the adaptation to various environmental stresses. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of exogenous 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) application on the morphology, photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, photosynthetic enzymes activities, and endogenous hormone content of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) leaves under shading stress environment. Two mung bean cultivars, Xilv 1 and Yulv 1, were tested. The results showed that all of the investigated data were significantly affected by shading stress; however, foliar application of EBR increased the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and decreased intercellular CO2 concentration of mung bean leaves under shading condition. Increased photosynthetic capacity in EBR-treated leaves was accompanied by improvement in higher photosynthetic enzymes activities. EBR-treated leaves exhibited more quantum yield of PSII electron transport and efficiency of energy capture than the control, which was mainly due to clearer leaf anatomical structure such as palisade tissues and spongy tissues, further resulting in altered plant morphological characteristics. Moreover, the treatment with EBL regulated the endogenous hormone content, including the decreased gibberellins and increased brassinolide, although to different levels. Combined with the morphological and physiological responses, we concluded that exogenous EBR treatment is beneficial to enhancing plant tolerance to shading stress and mitigating injure from weak light. The modifications of the physiological metabolism through EBR application may be a potential strategy to weaken shading stress in the future sustainable agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjuan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Baili Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufei Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangwei Gong
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas/College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Co-Application of 24-Epibrassinolide and Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles Promotes Pleioblastus pygmaeus Plant Tolerance to Cu and Cd Toxicity by Increasing Antioxidant Activity and Photosynthetic Capacity and Reducing Heavy Metal Accumulation and Translocation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030451. [PMID: 35326101 PMCID: PMC8944545 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrated application of nanoparticles and phytohormones was explored in this study as a potentially eco-friendly remediation strategy to mitigate heavy metal toxicity in a bamboo species (Pleioblastus pygmaeus) by utilizing titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) and 24-epibrassinolide (EBL). Hence, an in vitro experiment was performed to evaluate the role of 100 µM TiO2 NPs and 10−8 M 24-epibrassinolide individually and in combination under 100 µM Cu and Cd in a completely randomized design using four replicates. Whereas 100 µM of Cu and Cd reduced antioxidant activity, photosynthetic capacity, plant tolerance, and ultimately plant growth, the co-application of 100 µM TiO2 NPs and 10−8 M EBL+ heavy metals (Cu and Cd) resulted in a significant increase in plant antioxidant activity (85%), nonenzymatic antioxidant activities (47%), photosynthetic pigments (43%), fluorescence parameters (68%), plant growth (39%), and plant tolerance (41%) and a significant reduction in the contents of malondialdehyde (45%), hydrogen peroxide (36%), superoxide radical (62%), and soluble protein (28%), as well as the percentage of electrolyte leakage (49%), relative to the control. Moreover, heavy metal accumulation and translocation were reduced by TiO2 NPs and EBL individually and in combination, which could improve bamboo plant tolerance.
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23
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Sharma A, Ramakrishnan M, Khanna K, Landi M, Prasad R, Bhardwaj R, Zheng B. Brassinosteroids and metalloids: Regulation of plant biology. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127518. [PMID: 34836689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Metalloid contamination in the environment is one of the serious concerns posing threat to our ecosystems. Excess of metalloid concentrations (including antimony, arsenic, boron, selenium etc.) in soil results in their over accumulation in plant tissues, which ultimately causes phytotoxicity and their bio-magnification. So, it is very important to find some ecofriendly approaches to counter negative impacts of above mentioned metalloids on plant system. Brassinosteroids (BRs) belong to family of plant steroidal hormones, and are considered as one of the ecofriendly way to counter metalloid phytotoxicity. This phytohormone regulates the plant biology in presence of metalloids by modulating various key biological processes like cell signaling, primary and secondary metabolism, bio-molecule crosstalk and redox homeostasis. The present review explains the in-depth mechanisms of BR regulated plant responses in presence of metalloids, and provides some biotechnological aspects towards ecofriendly management of metalloid contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Muthusamy Ramakrishnan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China; Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environment Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Marco Landi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy; CIRSEC, Centre for Climatic Change Impact, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Horticulture, Kulbhaskar Ashram Post Graduate College, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environment Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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24
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Brassinosteroids (BRs) Role in Plant Development and Coping with Different Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031012. [PMID: 35162936 PMCID: PMC8835148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are vulnerable to a number of abiotic and biotic stresses that cause a substantial decrease in the production of plants. Plants respond to different environmental stresses by experiencing a series of molecular and physiological changes coordinated by various phytohormones. The use of phytohormones to alleviate stresses has recently achieved increasing interest. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of polyhydroxylated steroidal phytohormones that are required for the development, growth, and productivity of plants. These hormones are involved in regulating the division, elongation, and differentiation of numerous cell types throughout the entire plant life cycle. BR studies have drawn the interest of plant scientists over the last few decades due to their flexible ability to mitigate different environmental stresses. BRs have been shown in numerous studies to have a positive impact on plant responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. BR receptors detect the BR at the cell surface, triggering a series of phosphorylation events that activate the central transcription factor (TF) Brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1), which regulates the transcription of BR-responsive genes in the nucleus. This review discusses the discovery, occurrence, and chemical structure of BRs in plants. Furthermore, their role in the growth and development of plants, and against various stresses, is discussed. Finally, BR signaling in plants is discussed.
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Amelioration of Chlorpyrifos-Induced Toxicity in Brassica juncea L. by Combination of 24-Epibrassinolide and Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060877. [PMID: 34204730 PMCID: PMC8231531 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pervasive use of chlorpyrifos (CP), an organophosphorus pesticide, has been proven to be fatal for plant growth, especially at higher concentrations. CP poisoning leads to growth inhibition, chlorosis, browning of roots and lipid and protein degradation, along with membrane dysfunction and nuclear damage. Plants form a linking bridge between the underground and above-ground communities to escape from the unfavourable conditions. Association with beneficial rhizobacteria promotes the growth and development of the plants. Plant hormones are crucial regulators of basically every aspect of plant development. The growing significance of plant hormones in mediating plant-microbe interactions in stress recovery in plants has been extensively highlighted. Hence, the goal of the current study was to investigate the effect of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) and PGPRs (Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Ma), Burkholderia gladioli (Mb)) on growth and the antioxidative defence system of CP-stressed Brassica juncea L. seedlings. CP toxicity reduced the germination potential, hypocotyl and radicle development and vigour index, which was maximally recuperated after priming with EBL and Mb. CP-exposed seedlings showed higher levels of superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage (EL) and a lower level of nitric oxide (NO). In-vivo visualisation of CP-stressed seedlings using a light and fluorescent microscope also revealed the increase in O2-, H2O2 and lipid peroxidation, and decreased NO levels. The combination of EBL and PGPRs reduced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and improved the NO level. In CP-stressed seedlings, increased gene expression of defence enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APOX), glutathione peroxidase (GPOX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and glutathione reductase (GPOX) was seen, with the exception of catalase (CAT) on supplementation with EBL and PGPRs. The activity of nitrate reductase (NR) was likewise shown to increase after treatment with EBL and PGPRs. The results obtained from the present study substantiate sufficient evidence regarding the positive association of EBL and PGPRs in amelioration of CP-induced oxidative stress in Brassica juncea seedlings by strengthening the antioxidative defence machinery.
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Kour J, Kohli SK, Khanna K, Bakshi P, Sharma P, Singh AD, Ibrahim M, Devi K, Sharma N, Ohri P, Skalicky M, Brestic M, Bhardwaj R, Landi M, Sharma A. Brassinosteroid Signaling, Crosstalk and, Physiological Functions in Plants Under Heavy Metal Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:608061. [PMID: 33841453 PMCID: PMC8024700 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.608061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are group of plant steroidal hormones that modulate developmental processes and also have pivotal role in stress management. Biosynthesis of BRs takes place through established early C-6 and late C-6 oxidation pathways and the C-22 hydroxylation pathway triggered by activation of the DWF4 gene that acts on multiple intermediates. BRs are recognized at the cell surface by the receptor kinases, BRI1 and BAK1, which relay signals to the nucleus through a phosphorylation cascade involving phosphorylation of BSU1 protein and proteasomal degradation of BIN2 proteins. Inactivation of BIN2 allows BES1/BZR1 to enter the nucleus and regulate the expression of target genes. In the whole cascade of signal recognition, transduction and regulation of target genes, BRs crosstalk with other phytohormones that play significant roles. In the current era, plants are continuously exposed to abiotic stresses and heavy metal stress is one of the major stresses. The present study reveals the mechanism of these events from biosynthesis, transport and crosstalk through receptor kinases and transcriptional networks under heavy metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaspreet Kour
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Palak Bakshi
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Pooja Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Arun Dev Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Mohd Ibrahim
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Kamini Devi
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Neerja Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Puja Ohri
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Marco Landi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
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Zulfiqar F, Ashraf M. Bioregulators: unlocking their potential role in regulation of the plant oxidative defense system. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:11-41. [PMID: 32990920 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01077-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plant bioregulators play an important role in managing oxidative stress tolerance in plants. Utilizing their ability in stress sensitive crops through genetic engineering will be a meaningful approach to manage food production under the threat of climate change. Exploitation of the plant defense system against oxidative stress to engineer tolerant plants in the climate change scenario is a sustainable and meaningful strategy. Plant bioregulators (PBRs), which are important biotic factors, are known to play a vital role not only in the development of plants, but also in inducing tolerance in plants against various environmental extremes. These bioregulators include auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, polyamines, strigolactones, and ascorbic acid and provide protection against the oxidative stress-associated reactive oxygen species through modulation or activation of a plant's antioxidant system. Therefore, exploitation of their functioning and accumulation is of considerable significance for the development of plants more tolerant of harsh environmental conditions in order to tackle the issue of food security under the threat of climate change. Therefore, this review summarizes a new line of evidence that how PBRs act as inducers of oxidative stress resistance in plants and how they could be modulated in transgenic crops via introgression of genes. Reactive oxygen species production during oxidative stress events and their neutralization through an efficient antioxidants system is comprehensively detailed. Further, the use of exogenously applied PBRs in the induction of oxidative stress resistance is discussed. Recent advances in engineering transgenic plants with modified PBR gene expression to exploit the plant defense system against oxidative stress are discussed from an agricultural perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Zulfiqar
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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Soares TFSN, Dias DCFDS, Oliveira AMS, Ribeiro DM, Dias LADS. Exogenous brassinosteroids increase lead stress tolerance in seed germination and seedling growth of Brassica juncea L. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 193:110296. [PMID: 32092579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a highly toxic heavy metal to plants, animals, and human beings. The use of growth regulators has reversed the effects of heavy metal stress on germination and early plant development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of brassinosteroids on seed germination and seedling growth of Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. & Coss. under Pb stress conditions. Two forms of application of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) were evaluated, application on seeds in pre-soaking and on germination paper, using EBL concentrations of 0, 10-10, 10-8, and 10-6 M. Germination and seedling growth parameters were evaluated during the germination test. The activity of the enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase were determined, as well as the lead content in the seeds and seedlings. The EBL applied at the 10-8 M concentration was the most effective in overcoming Pb stress in both forms of application. The antioxidant enzyme defense system was compromised by Pb exposure. However, 10-8 M EBL increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and peroxidase to overcome the toxic effects caused by Pb. In addition, EBL at the concentration of 10-8 M increased Pb content in seedlings without affecting seedling growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dimas Mendes Ribeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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