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Li Z, Hu T, Li R, Li J, Wang Y, Li Y, Lin Y, Wang Y, Jiani X. Effect of DHCR7 on adipocyte differentiation in goats. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2298399. [PMID: 38157229 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2298399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cholesterol is regarded as a signaling molecule in regulating the metabolism and function of fat cells, in which 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholesterol, however, the exact function of DHCR7 in goat adipocytes remains unknown. Here, the effect of DHCR7 on the formation of subcutaneous and intramuscular fat in goats was investigated in vitro, and the result indicated that the mRNA level of DHCR7 showed a gradual downward trend in subcutaneous adipogenesis, but an opposite trend in intramuscular adipogenesis. In the process of subcutaneous preadipocytes differentiation, overexpression of DHCR7 inhibited the expression of adipocytes differentiation marker genes (CEBP/α, CEBP/β, SREBP1 and AP2), lipid metabolism-related genes (AGPAT6, FASN, SCD1 and LPL), and the lipid accumulation. However, in intramuscular preadipocyte differentiation, DHCR7 overexpression showed a promoting effect on adipocyte differentiation marker genes (CEBP/α, CEBP/β, PPARγ and SREBP1) and lipid metabolism-related genes (GPAM, AGPAT6, DGAT1 and SCD1) expression, and on lipid accumulation. In summary, our work demonstrated that DHCR7 played an important role in regulating adipogenic differentiation and lipid metabolism in preadipocytes in goats, which is of great significance for uncovering the underlying molecular mechanism of adipocyte differentiation and improving goat meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruiwen Li
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinlan Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Youli Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaqiu Lin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Jiani
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Protection and Utilization of Ministry of Education/Sichuan Province, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Miyazaki S, Shimizu N, Miyahara H, Teranishi H, Umeda R, Yano S, Shimada T, Shiraishi H, Komiya K, Katoh A, Yoshimura A, Hanada R, Hanada T. DHCR7 links cholesterol synthesis with neuronal development and axonal integrity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 712-713:149932. [PMID: 38626530 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
The DHCR7 enzyme converts 7-DHC into cholesterol. Mutations in DHCR7 can block cholesterol production, leading to abnormal accumulation of 7-DHC and causing Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS). SLOS is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by multiple malformations, including microcephaly, intellectual disability, behavior reminiscent of autism, sleep disturbances, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like hyperactivity. Although 7-DHC affects neuronal differentiation in ex vivo experiments, the precise mechanism of SLOS remains unclear. We generated Dhcr7 deficient (dhcr7-/-) zebrafish that exhibited key features of SLOS, including microcephaly, decreased neural stem cell pools, and behavioral phenotypes similar to those of ADHD-like hyperactivity. These zebrafish demonstrated compromised myelination, synaptic anomalies, and neurotransmitter imbalances. The axons of the dhcr7-/- zebrafish showed increased lysosomes and attenuated autophagy, suggesting that autophagy-related neuronal homeostasis is disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Miyazaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shimizu
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Miyahara
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Medical Science of Aging, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Teranishi
- Department of Neurophysiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Ryohei Umeda
- Department of Advanced Medical Sciences, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Shinji Yano
- Institute for Research Management, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Shimada
- Oita Medical Technology School, Japan College of Judo-Therapy, Acupuncture & Moxibustion Therapy, Oita, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shiraishi
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Kosaku Komiya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Akira Katoh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reiko Hanada
- Department of Neurophysiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Hanada
- Department of Cell Biology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, Oita, Japan.
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Lu W, Chen Y, Ramírez MDA, Liu Y, Zhang H, Yuan Z, Han Y, Weng Q. Vitamin D status alters genes involved in ovarian steroidogenesis in muskrat granulosa cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159469. [PMID: 38402945 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the relationship between altered vitamin D (VitD3) status and ovarian steroidogenesis in muskrats during the breeding and non-breeding seasons. During the breeding season, the ovaries of muskrats were observably enlarged and increased in weight, accompanied by elevated serum and ovarian VitD3 status. Vitamin D receptor (VDR), VitD3 metabolic molecules (CYP2R1, CYP27B1, and CYP24A1), and steroidogenic enzymes were immunolocalized in the ovarian cells of muskrats. The mRNA levels of VDR, CYP2R1, CYP27B1, and steroidogenic enzymes were considerably higher during the breeding season compared to the non-breeding season. RNA-seq analysis revealed a prominent enrichment of vitamin-related and ovarian steroidogenesis pathways. Furthermore, the addition of 1,25(OH)2D3 to the muskrat granulosa cells in vitro increased VDR and steroidogenic enzymes mRNA levels and enhanced the 17β-estradiol level. Overall, these findings supported that VitD3 promotes the secretion of steroid hormones, thereby affecting seasonal changes in ovarian function in the muskrats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Lu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | | | - Yuning Liu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haolin Zhang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhengrong Yuan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yingying Han
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Qiang Weng
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Yamada N, Karasawa T, Ito J, Yamamuro D, Morimoto K, Nakamura T, Komada T, Baatarjav C, Saimoto Y, Jinnouchi Y, Watanabe K, Miura K, Yahagi N, Nakagawa K, Matsumura T, Yamada KI, Ishibashi S, Sata N, Conrad M, Takahashi M. Inhibition of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase prevents hepatic ferroptosis under an active state of sterol synthesis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2195. [PMID: 38472233 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46386-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates ferroptosis is implicated in the pathophysiology of various liver diseases; however, the organ-specific regulation mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7), the terminal enzyme of cholesterol biosynthesis, as a regulator of ferroptosis in hepatocytes. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition (with AY9944) of DHCR7 suppress ferroptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma Huh-7 cells. DHCR7 inhibition increases its substrate, 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC). Furthermore, exogenous 7-DHC supplementation using hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin suppresses ferroptosis. A 7-DHC-derived oxysterol metabolite, 3β,5α-dihydroxycholest-7-en-6-one (DHCEO), is increased by the ferroptosis-inducer RSL-3 in DHCR7-deficient cells, suggesting that the ferroptosis-suppressive effect of DHCR7 inhibition is associated with the oxidation of 7-DHC. Electron spin resonance analysis reveals that 7-DHC functions as a radical trapping agent, thus protecting cells from ferroptosis. We further show that AY9944 inhibits hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, and genetic ablation of Dhcr7 prevents acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure in mice. These findings provide new insights into the regulatory mechanism of liver ferroptosis and suggest a potential therapeutic option for ferroptosis-related liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Yamada
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Molecular Target and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany.
| | - Tadayoshi Karasawa
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
| | - Junya Ito
- Laboratory of Food Function Analysis, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamamuro
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazushi Morimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Nakamura
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Molecular Target and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Takanori Komada
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Chintogtokh Baatarjav
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yuma Saimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuka Jinnouchi
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Watanabe
- Division of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kouichi Miura
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naoya Yahagi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Food Function Analysis, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Matsumura
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
- Division of Human Genetics, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shun Ishibashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Molecular Target and Therapeutics Center, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Masafumi Takahashi
- Division of Inflammation Research, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
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Chen J, Fan S, Guo J, Yang J, Pan L, Xia Y. Discovery of anticancer function of Febrifugine: Inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis and suppression steroid synthesis in bladder cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 484:116878. [PMID: 38431229 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is a prevalent malignancy affecting the urinary system, which presents a significant global health concern. Although there are many treatments for bladder cancer, identifying more effective drugs and methods remains an urgent problem. As a pivotal component of contemporary medical practice, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) assumes a crucial role in the realm of anti-tumor therapy, especially with the identification of active ingredients and successful exploration of pharmacological effects. Febrifugine, identified as a quinazoline-type alkaloid compound extracted from the Cytidiaceae family plant Huangchangshan, exhibits heightened sensitivity to bladder cancer cells in comparison to control cells (non-cancer cells) group. The proliferation growth of bladder cancer cells T24 and SW780 was effectively inhibited by Febrifugine, and the IC50 was 0.02 and 0.018 μM respectively. Febrifugine inhibits cell proliferation by suppressing DNA synthesis and induces cell death by reducing steroidogenesis and promoting apoptosis. Combined with transcriptome analysis, Febrifugine was found to downregulate low density lipoprotein receptor-associated protein, lanosterol synthase, cholesterol biosynthesis second rate-limiting enzyme, 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase, flavin adenine dinucleotide dependent oxidoreductase and other factors to inhibit the production of intracellular steroids in bladder cancer T24 cells. The results of animal experiments showed that Febrifugine could inhibit tumor growth. In summary, the effect of Febrifugine on bladder cancer is mainly through reducing steroid production and apoptosis. Therefore, this study contributes to the elucidation of Febrifugine's potential as an inhibitor of bladder cancer and establishes a solid foundation for the future development of novel therapeutic agents targeting bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Jining 272067, China
| | - Shuhao Fan
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Jining 272067, China
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Jining 272067, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Le Pan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
| | - Yong Xia
- Precision Medicine Laboratory for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases of Shandong Province, Jining 272067, China.
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Ma Z, Guo L, Pan M, Jiang C, Liu D, Gao Y, Bai J, Jiang P, Liu X. Inhibition of pseudorabies virus replication via upregulated interferon response by targeting 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase. Vet Microbiol 2024; 290:110000. [PMID: 38278042 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2024.110000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is an alpha-herpesvirus capable of infecting a range of animal species, particularly its natural host, pigs, resulting in substantial economic losses for the swine industry. Recent research has shed light on the significant role of cholesterol metabolism in the replication of various viruses. However, the specific role of cholesterol metabolism in PRV infection remains unknown. Here, we demonstrated that the expression of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) is upregulated following PRV infection, as evidenced by the proteomic analysis. Subsequently, we showed that DHCR7 plays a crucial role in promoting PRV replication by converting 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) into cholesterol, leading to increased cellular cholesterol levels. Importantly, DHCR7 inhibits the phosphorylation of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), resulting in reduced levels of interferon-beta (IFN-β) and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Finally, we revealed that the DHCR7 inhibitor, trans-1,4-bis(2-chlorobenzylaminomethyl) cyclohexane dihydrochloride (AY9944), significantly suppresses PRV replication both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, the study has established a connection between cholesterol metabolism and PRV replication, offering novel insights that may guide future approaches to the prevention and treatment of PRV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mengjiao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chenlong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Depeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanni Gao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Juan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, MOE International Joint Collaborative Research Laboratory for Animal Health & Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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Du X, Zhu Q, Pian H, Yang X, Zhao D, Wu X, He J, Yu D. Transcriptome Analysis of Granulosa Cells Reveals Regulatory Mechanisms Related to Chicken Follicle Development. Animals (Basel) 2023; 14:20. [PMID: 38200750 PMCID: PMC10777934 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to better understand the difference between the functions of the two types of granulosa cells and sought to discover more key genes involved in follicle development and follicle selection. Herein, we separately collected pre-hierarchical follicle granulosa cells (PHGCs) and preovulatory follicle granulosa cells (POGCs) for RNA extraction; the transcriptomes of the two groups were compared via RNA-seq. A total of 5273 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the PHGCs and POGCs; 2797 genes were up-regulated and 2476 were down-regulated in the PHGCs compared with the POGCs. A qPCR analysis confirmed that the expression patterns of 16 randomly selected DEGs were highly consistent with the RNA-seq results. In the POGCs, many of the genes with the most significant increase in expression were related to steroid hormone synthesis. In addition, the genes with the most significant decline in expression, including AMH and WT1, were related to the inhibition of steroid hormone synthesis. These results suggest that steroid hormones play a key role in follicle development. Furthermore, a Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that these DEGs were mainly involved in the primary metabolic process, the carbohydrate metabolic process, the cellular process, ribosomes, the cytoplasm, and intracellular processes. A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in steroid biosynthesis, the cell cycle, ribosomes, the TGF-beta signaling pathway, focal adhesion, and so on. We also observed the morphology of the follicles at different developmental stages, and the results showed that the thickness of the granular layer of the small yellow follicles (SYFs) decreased significantly with further development. In addition, we also found that the thickness of the granulosa layer of hens over 300 days old was significantly lower than that of 200-day-old hens. In short, these data indicate that the tissue morphology and function of granulosa cells change throughout follicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xubin Du
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.D.); (Q.Z.); (H.P.); (X.W.); (J.H.)
- Single Molecule Nanometry Laboratory (Sinmolab), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Qizhao Zhu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.D.); (Q.Z.); (H.P.); (X.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Huifang Pian
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.D.); (Q.Z.); (H.P.); (X.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- College of Animal Science, Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China;
| | - Dong Zhao
- Single Molecule Nanometry Laboratory (Sinmolab), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Xinyue Wu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.D.); (Q.Z.); (H.P.); (X.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Jiawen He
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.D.); (Q.Z.); (H.P.); (X.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Debing Yu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (X.D.); (Q.Z.); (H.P.); (X.W.); (J.H.)
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8
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Ma Y, Wang Z, Sun J, Tang J, Zhou J, Dong M. Investigating the Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential of SREBF2-Related Lipid Metabolism Genes in Colon Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2023; 16:1027-1042. [PMID: 38107762 PMCID: PMC10723182 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s428150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Colon cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and screening of effective molecular markers for the diagnosis is prioritised for prevention and treatment. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic and predictive potential of genes related to the lipid metabolism pathway, regulated by a protein called sterol-regulatory element-binding transcription Factor 2 (SREBF2), for colon cancer and patient outcomes. Methods We used machine-learning algorithms to identify key genes associated with SREBF2 in colon cancer based on a public database. A nomogram was created to assess the diagnostic value of these genes and validated in the Cancer Genome Atlas. We also analysed the relationship between these genes and the immune microenvironment of colon tumours, as well as the correlation between gene expression and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis in the China Medical University (CMU) clinical cohort. Results Three genes, 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7), hydroxysteroid 11-beta dehydrogenase 2 (HSD11B2), and Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator-like 1 (RGL1), were identified as hub genes related to SREBF2 and colon cancer. Using the TCGA dataset, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed the area under the curve values of 0.943, 0.976, and 0.868 for DHCR7, HSD11B2, and RGL1, respectively. In the CMU cohort, SREBF2 and DHCR7 expression levels were correlated with TNM stage and tumour invasion depth (P < 0.05), and high DHCR7 expression was related to poor prognosis of colon cancer (P < 0.05). Furthermore, DHCR7 gene expression was positively correlated with the abundance of M0 and M1 macrophages and inversely correlated with the abundance of M2 macrophages, suggesting that the immune microenvironment may play a role in colon cancer surveillance. There was a correlation between SREBF2 and DHCR7 expression across cancers in the TCGA database. Conclusion This study highlights the potential of DHCR7 as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuteng Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingtong Tang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Zhang J, Zhou K, Lin J, Yao X, Ju D, Zeng X, Pang Z, Yang W. Ferroptosis-enhanced chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer with magnetic composite nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2023; 303:122395. [PMID: 37988899 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) causes great suffering to patients because of its heterogeneity, poor prognosis, and chemotherapy resistance. Ferroptosis is characterized by iron-dependent oxidative damage by accumulating intracellular lipid peroxides to lethal levels, and plays a vital role in the treatment of TNBC based on its intrinsic characteristics. To identify the relationship between chemotherapy resistance and ferroptosis in TNBC, we analyzed the single cell RNA-sequencing public dataset of GSE205551. It was found that the expression of Gpx4 in DOX-resistant TNBC cells was significantly higher than that in DOX-sensitive TNBC cells. Based on this finding, we hypothesize that inducing ferroptosis by inhibiting the expression of Gpx4 can reduce the resistance of TNBC to DOX and enhance the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy on TNBC. Herein, dihydroartemisinin (DHA)-loaded polyglutamic acid-stabilized Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4-PGA-DHA) was combined with DOX-loaded polyaspartic acid-stabilized Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4-PASP-DOX) for ferroptosis-enhanced chemotherapy of TNBC. Compared with Fe3O4-PASP-DOX, Fe3O4-PGA-DHA + Fe3O4-PASP-DOX demonstrated significantly stronger cytotoxicity against different TNBC cell lines and achieved significantly more intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxides. Furthermore, transcriptomic analyses demonstrated that Fe3O4-PASP-DOX-induced apoptosis could be enhanced by Fe3O4-PGA-DHA-induced ferroptosis and Fe3O4-PGA-DHA + Fe3O4-PASP-DOX might trigger ferroptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/GPX4 pathway. Fe3O4-PGA-DHA + Fe3O4-PASP-DOX showed superior anti-tumor efficacy on MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing mice, providing great potential for improving the therapeutic effect of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Kaicheng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jingbo Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xianxian Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Dianwen Ju
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xian Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wuli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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10
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Ceolin G, Antunes LDC, Moretti M, Rieger DK, Moreira JD. Vitamin D and depression in older adults: lessons learned from observational and clinical studies. Nutr Res Rev 2023; 36:259-280. [PMID: 35022097 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422422000026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a mental disorder triggered by the interaction of social, psychological and biological factors that have an important impact on an individual's life. Despite being a well-studied disease with several established forms of treatment, its prevalence is increasing, especially among older adults. New forms of treatment and prevention are encouraged, and some researchers have been discussing the effects of vitamin D (VitD) on depression; however, the exact mechanism by which VitD exerts its effects is not yet conclusive. In this study, we aimed to discuss the possible mechanisms underlying the association between VitD and depression in older adults. Therefore, we conducted a systematic search of databases for indexed articles published until 30 April 2021. The primary focus was on both observational studies documenting the association between VitD and depression/depressive symptoms, and clinical trials documenting the effects of VitD supplementation on depression/depressive symptoms, especially in older adults. Based on pre-clinical, clinical and observational studies, it is suggested that the maintenance of adequate VitD concentrations is an important issue, especially in older adults, which are a risk population for both VitD deficiency and depression. Nevertheless, it is necessary to carry out more studies using longitudinal approaches in low- and middle-income countries to develop a strong source of evidence to formulate guidelines and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilciane Ceolin
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Translational Nutritional Neuroscience working Group, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Luciana da Conceição Antunes
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Translational Nutritional Neuroscience working Group, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Morgana Moretti
- Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Débora Kurrle Rieger
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Translational Nutritional Neuroscience working Group, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Júlia Dubois Moreira
- Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Translational Nutritional Neuroscience working Group, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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11
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Pérez-Jeldres T, Bustamante ML, Segovia-Melero R, Aguilar N, Magne F, Ascui G, Uribe D, Azócar L, Hernández-Rocha C, Estela R, Silva V, De La Vega A, Arriagada E, Gonzalez M, Onetto GF, Escobar S, Baez P, Zazueta A, Pavez-Ovalle C, Miquel JF, Álvarez-Lobos M. Genotype Prevalence of Lactose Deficiency, Vitamin D Deficiency, and the Vitamin D Receptor in a Chilean Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort: Insights from an Observational Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14866. [PMID: 37834314 PMCID: PMC10573577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactose intolerance (LI) and vitamin D deficiency (VDD) have been linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We conducted an observational study in 192 Chilean IBD patients to investigate the prevalence of a specific gene variant (LCT-13910 CC genotype) associated with LI and the prevalence of VDD/Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene variants. Blood samples were analyzed using Illumina's Infinium Global Screening Array. The LCT-13910 CC genotype was found in 61% of IBD patients, similar to Chilean Hispanic controls and lower than Chilean Amerindian controls. The frequency of the LCT-13910-C allele in Chilean IBD patients (0.79) was comparable to the general population and higher than Europeans (0.49). Regarding VDR and VDD variants, in our study, the rs12785878-GG variant was associated with an increased risk of IBD (OR = 2.64, CI = 1.61-4.32; p-value = 0.001). Sixty-one percent of the Chilean IBD cohort have a genetic predisposition to lactose malabsorption, and a significant proportion exhibit genetic variants associated with VDD/VDR. Screening for LI and VDD is crucial in this Latin American IBD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Pérez-Jeldres
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago 8360160, Chile (M.G.)
| | - M. Leonor Bustamante
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Fundación Diagnosis, Santiago 7500580, Chile
| | | | - Nataly Aguilar
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago 8360160, Chile (M.G.)
| | - Fabien Magne
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Gabriel Ascui
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, San Diego, CA 92037, USA
| | - Denisse Uribe
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de Alimentos, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Lorena Azócar
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Cristián Hernández-Rocha
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Ricardo Estela
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago 8360160, Chile (M.G.)
| | - Verónica Silva
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago 8360160, Chile (M.G.)
| | - Andrés De La Vega
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago 8360160, Chile (M.G.)
| | - Elizabeth Arriagada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago 8360160, Chile (M.G.)
| | - Mauricio Gonzalez
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago 8360160, Chile (M.G.)
| | - Gian-Franco Onetto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago 8360160, Chile (M.G.)
| | - Sergio Escobar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital San Borja Arriarán, Santiago 8360160, Chile (M.G.)
| | - Pablo Baez
- Center of Medical Informatics and Telemedicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Alejandra Zazueta
- Biomedical Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Carolina Pavez-Ovalle
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Juan Francisco Miquel
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Manuel Álvarez-Lobos
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
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12
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Yuan R, Zhang W, You Y, Cui G, Gao Z, Wang X, Chen J. Vitamin D3 suppresses the cholesterol homeostasis pathway in patient-derived glioma cell lines. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:1789-1806. [PMID: 37489660 PMCID: PMC10476568 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is one of the most common malignant brain tumors. Vitamin D, primarily its hormonally active form calcitriol, has been reported to have anti-cancer activity. In the present study, we used patient-derived glioma cell lines to examine the effect of vitamin D3 and calcitriol on glioblastoma. Surprisingly, vitamin D3 showed a more significant inhibitory effect than calcitriol on cell viability and proliferation. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates most of the cellular effects of vitamin D, and thus we examined the expression level and function of VDR via gene silencing and gene knockout experiments. We observed that VDR does not affect the sensitivity of patient-derived glioma cell lines to vitamin D3, and the gene encoding VDR is not essential for growth of patient-derived glioma cell lines. RNA sequencing data analysis and sterolomics analysis revealed that vitamin D3 inhibits cholesterol synthesis and cholesterol homeostasis by inhibiting the expression level of 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase, which leads to the accumulation of 7-dehydrocholesterol and other sterol intermediates. In conclusion, our results suggest that vitamin D3, rather than calcitriol, inhibits growth of patient-derived glioma cell lines via inhibition of the cholesterol homeostasis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Yuan
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Chinese Institute for Brain ResearchBeijingChina
- Research Unit of Medical NeurobiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yong‐Ping You
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Institute for Brain Tumors, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized MedicineNanjing Medical UniversityChina
| | - Gang Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Zhengliang Gao
- Fundamental Research Center, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of MedicineShanghai UniversityNantongChina
| | - Xiuxing Wang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Antibody Techniques, Department of Cell Biology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics, School of Basic Medical SciencesNanjing Medical UniversityChina
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
- Chinese Institute for Brain ResearchBeijingChina
- Research Unit of Medical NeurobiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
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13
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Shan X, Cao Y, Zhang H, Zhao X, Li S, Hu Y, Yang L. Free and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D thresholds for bone metabolism and their associations with metabolic syndrome in Chinese women of childbearing age. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1131140. [PMID: 37736136 PMCID: PMC10509557 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1131140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The free hormone hypothesis suggests that free and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] may better reflect vitamin D bioactivity. This study aimed to determine the free and bioavailable 25(OH)D characteristics, estimate their thresholds based on parathyroid hormone (PTH) and bone turnover markers (BTMs), assess their associations with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and evaluate their potential advantages. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using a nationally representative database (n = 1,505, female, 18-45 years). Serum total 25(OH)D, vitamin D-binding protein, albumin, PTH, and BTMs [osteocalcin, β-CrossLaps of type 1 collagen containing cross-linked C-telopeptide (β-CTX), and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP)] were measured. Free 25(OH)D and bioavailable 25(OH)D were calculated. The threshold associations of 25(OH)D with PTH and BTMs were analyzed. The relationship between 25(OH)D and MetS risk was examined. An intervention study was then performed in 39 women (18-47 years) to assess the associations of increasing 25(OH)D with PTH and BTMs after vitamin D supplementation. Results In the cross-sectional study, the three forms of 25(OH)D were found to have similar distribution characteristics. Free and bioavailable 25(OH)D correlated well with total 25(OH)D. Significant total 25(OH)D cutoffs were observed for PTH (14.19 ng/mL and 18.03 ng/mL), osteocalcin (15.14 ng/mL), β-CTX (14.79 ng/mL), and P1NP (15.08 ng/mL). Free and bioavailable 25(OH)D cutoffs were only found for P1NP (3.47 pg/mL and 1.66 ng/mL, respectively). A total 25(OH)D of <15.14 ng/mL was marginally associated with a higher risk of reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [odd ratios (OR) = 1.371 (0.991-1.899)]. The ORs of higher versus lower free and bioavailable 25(OH)D levels for reduced HDL-C were 0.770 (0.621-0.956) and 0.772 (0.622-0.958), respectively. The results of the intervention study indicated that PTH and BTMs responded more sensitively to total 25(OH)D than to free or bioavailable 25(OH)D. Conclusion Free and bioavailable 25(OH)D only had a threshold effect on P1NP. The active 25(OH)D thresholds could be used for risk assessment of reduced HDL-C. However, no superiority of free or bioavailable 25(OH)D was found based on the response of PTH and BTMs to changes in 25(OH)D in Chinese women of childbearing age following vitamin D supplementation. Clinical trial registration http://www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR2200058290.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Shan
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Committee, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Committee, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huidi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Committee, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Xiayu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Committee, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Siran Li
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Committee, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yichun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Committee, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lichen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Committee, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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14
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Korade Z, Anderson A, Balog M, Tallman KA, Porter NA, Mirnics K. Chronic Aripiprazole and Trazodone Polypharmacy Effects on Systemic and Brain Cholesterol Biosynthesis. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1321. [PMID: 37759721 PMCID: PMC10526910 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The concurrent use of several medications is a common practice in the treatment of complex psychiatric conditions. One such commonly used combination is aripiprazole (ARI), an antipsychotic, and trazodone (TRZ), an antidepressant. In addition to their effects on dopamine and serotonin systems, both of these compounds are inhibitors of the 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) enzyme. To evaluate the systemic and nervous system distribution of ARI and TRZ and their effects on cholesterol biosynthesis, adult mice were treated with both ARI and TRZ for 21 days. The parent drugs, their metabolites, and sterols were analyzed in the brain and various organs of mice using LC-MS/MS. The analyses revealed that ARI, TRZ, and their metabolites were readily detectable in the brain and organs, leading to changes in the sterol profile. The levels of medications, their metabolites, and sterols differed across tissues with notable sex differences. Female mice showed higher turnover of ARI and more cholesterol clearance in the brain, with several post-lanosterol intermediates significantly altered. In addition to interfering with sterol biosynthesis, ARI and TRZ exposure led to decreased ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA1) and increased DHCR7 protein expression in the cortex. Changes in sterol profile have been also identified in the spleen, liver, and serum, underscoring the systemic effect of ARI and TRZ on sterol biosynthesis. Long-term use of concurrent ARI and TRZ warrants further studies to fully evaluate the lasting consequences of altered sterol biosynthesis on the whole body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeljka Korade
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Allison Anderson
- Munroe-Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA;
| | - Marta Balog
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Keri A. Tallman
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA; (K.A.T.); (N.A.P.)
| | - Ned A. Porter
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA; (K.A.T.); (N.A.P.)
| | - Karoly Mirnics
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
- Munroe-Meyer Institute for Genetics and Rehabilitation, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA;
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15
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Gospodarska E, Ghosh Dastidar R, Carlberg C. Intervention Approaches in Studying the Response to Vitamin D 3 Supplementation. Nutrients 2023; 15:3382. [PMID: 37571318 PMCID: PMC10420637 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D intervention studies are designed to evaluate the impact of the micronutrient vitamin D3 on health and disease. The appropriate design of studies is essential for their quality, successful execution, and interpretation. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the "gold standard" for intervention studies. However, the most recent large-scale (up to 25,000 participants), long-term RCTs involving vitamin D3 did not provide any statistically significant primary results. This may be because they are designed similarly to RCTs of a therapeutic drug but not of a nutritional compound and that only a limited set of parameters per individual were determined. We propose an alternative concept using the segregation of study participants into different groups of responsiveness to vitamin D3 supplementation and in parallel measuring a larger set of genome-wide parameters over multiple time points. This is in accordance with recently developed mechanistic modeling approaches that do not require a large number of study participants, as in the case of statistical modeling of the results of a RCT. Our experience is based on the vitamin D intervention trials VitDmet, VitDbol, and VitDHiD, which allowed us to distinguish the study participants into high, mid, and low vitamin D responders. In particular, investigating the vulnerable group of low vitamin D responders will provide future studies with more conclusive results both on the clinical and molecular benefits of vitamin D3 supplementation. In conclusion, our approach suggests a paradigm shift towards detailed investigations of transcriptome and epigenome-wide parameters of a limited set of individuals, who, due to a longitudinal design, can act as their own controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Gospodarska
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.G.); (R.G.D.)
| | - Ranjini Ghosh Dastidar
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.G.); (R.G.D.)
| | - Carsten Carlberg
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-10-748 Olsztyn, Poland; (E.G.); (R.G.D.)
- School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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16
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Forouhari A, Heidari-Beni M, Veisi S, Poursafa P, Kelishadi R. Effect of epigenetics on vitamin D levels: a systematic review until December 2020. Arch Public Health 2023; 81:106. [PMID: 37322552 DOI: 10.1186/s13690-023-01122-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between epigenetic modification of the genes involved in the vitamin D metabolic pathway and vitamin D metabolites' status has been elucidated incompletely. This study aims to review the studies on the mentioned association and create a brighter view of this topic. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in Medline database (PubMed), Scopus, and Web of Science up to the end of November 2020. Original articles which reported the effect of epigenetic alteration-methylation level or its changes-of genes involved in vitamin D regulation on the vitamin D metabolites serum level or its changes were included. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) checklist was used to assess the quality of included articles. RESULTS Among 2566 records, nine reports were included in the systematic review according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies discussed the contribution of methylation status of members of the cytochrome P450 family (CYP2R1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1), and Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) genes to vitamin D level variance. CYP2R1 methylation status could regulate the contributing factors affecting the vitamin D serum level and predict response to vitamin D supplementation. Studies revealed that impaired methylation of CYP24A1 occurs in response to an increase in serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D). It is reported that the association between methylation levels of CYP2R1, CYP24A1, and VDR genes and 25(OH)D level is not affected by the methyl-donors bioavailability. CONCLUSIONS The epigenetic modification of the vitamin D-related genes could explain the vitamin D levels variation among populations. Large-scale clinical trials in various ethnicities are suggested to find the effect of epigenetics on vitamin D response variation. REGISTRATION The systematic review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42022306327).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Forouhari
- Isfahan Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Motahar Heidari-Beni
- Department of Nutrition, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Shaahin Veisi
- School of medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parnian Poursafa
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience, Interdisciplinary Center for Neuroscience, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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17
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Tang J, Wang L, Shi M, Feng S, Zhang T, Han H. Study on the mechanism of Shuganzhi Tablet against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and lipid regulation effects of its main substances in vitro. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023:116780. [PMID: 37311504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shuganzhi Tablet (SGZT) originates from a famous traditional Chinese herbal formula Chaihu Decoction which can be applied to treat liver diseases, however, the pharmacodynamic mechanism of SGZT needs to be evaluated. AIM OF THIS STUDY To study the mechanism of SGZT in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and screen out its effective ingredients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, firstly, the main components of SGZT were analyzed qualitatively. And a rat model of NAFLD was established by feeding high-fat diet. Serum biochemical indexes and liver pathological analysis were used to evaluate the pharmacodynamic effect of SGZT in the treatment of NAFLD. In order to explore the pharmacodynamic mechanism, proteomics and metabolomics analysis were used. Western blotting was used to verify the expression of important differential proteins. And L02 cells were treated with free fatty acids (FFA) and the main substances of SGZT to establish the cell model of NAFLD in vitro and to reveal the pharmacodynamic substance of SGZT. RESULTS Twelve components were detected in SGZT, and according to the results of serum biochemical indexes and liver pathological analysis, SGZT could effectively treat NAFLD. Combined with the results of bioinformatics analysis, we found that 133 differentially expressed proteins were reversed in liver samples of rats treated with SGZT. The important proteins in PPAR signaling pathway, steroid biosynthesis, cholesterol metabolism and fatty acid metabolism were mainly regulated to maintain cholesterol homeostasis and improve lipid metabolism. SGZT also affected various metabolites in rat liver, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and taurine. In addition, the main components contained in SGZT (hesperidin, polydatin, naringin, emodin, specnuezhenide, saikosaponin A) and a metabolite (resveratrol) could significantly reduce FFA-induced intracellular lipid accumulation. CONCLUSION SGZT effectively treated NAFLD, and PPAR-γ, Acsl4, Plin2 and Fads1 may be the main targets of SGZT. And Fads1-EPA/DHA-PPAR-γ may be the potential pharmacodynamic pathway. Cell experiments in vitro revealed that the main components of SGZT and their metabolites, such as hesperidin, polydatin, naringin, emodin, specnuezhenide, saikosaponin A and resveratrol may be the main components of its efficacy. Further research is needed to reveal and validate the pharmacodynamic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Lixiang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Mengge Shi
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Shuaixia Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Han Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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Lee AK, Wei JH, Welander PV. De novo cholesterol biosynthesis in bacteria. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2904. [PMID: 37217541 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38638-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotes produce highly modified sterols, including cholesterol, essential to eukaryotic physiology. Although few bacterial species are known to produce sterols, de novo production of cholesterol or other complex sterols in bacteria has not been reported. Here, we show that the marine myxobacterium Enhygromyxa salina produces cholesterol and provide evidence for further downstream modifications. Through bioinformatic analysis we identify a putative cholesterol biosynthesis pathway in E. salina largely homologous to the eukaryotic pathway. However, experimental evidence indicates that complete demethylation at C-4 occurs through unique bacterial proteins, distinguishing bacterial and eukaryotic cholesterol biosynthesis. Additionally, proteins from the cyanobacterium Calothrix sp. NIES-4105 are also capable of fully demethylating sterols at the C-4 position, suggesting complex sterol biosynthesis may be found in other bacterial phyla. Our results reveal an unappreciated complexity in bacterial sterol production that rivals eukaryotes and highlight the complicated evolutionary relationship between sterol biosynthesis in the bacterial and eukaryotic domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysha K Lee
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jeremy H Wei
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Paula V Welander
- Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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19
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Carlberg C, Raczyk M, Zawrotna N. Vitamin D: A master example of nutrigenomics. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102695. [PMID: 37043983 PMCID: PMC10119805 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrigenomics attempts to characterize and integrate the relation between dietary molecules and gene expression on a genome-wide level. One of the biologically active nutritional compounds is vitamin D3, which activates via its metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) the nuclear receptor VDR (vitamin D receptor). Vitamin D3 can be synthesized endogenously in our skin, but since we spend long times indoors and often live at higher latitudes where for many winter months UV-B radiation is too low, it became a true vitamin. The ligand-inducible transcription factor VDR is expressed in the majority of human tissues and cell types, where it modulates the epigenome at thousands of genomic sites. In a tissue-specific fashion this results in the up- and downregulation of primary vitamin D target genes, some of which are involved in attenuating oxidative stress. Vitamin D affects a wide range of physiological functions including the control of metabolism, bone formation and immunity. In this review, we will discuss how the epigenome- and transcriptome-wide effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and its receptor VDR serve as a master example in nutrigenomics. In this context, we will outline the basis of a mechanistic understanding for personalized nutrition with vitamin D3.
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20
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Sun H, Meng S, Chen J, Wan Q. Effects of Hyperlipidemia on Osseointegration of Dental Implants and Its Strategies. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14040194. [PMID: 37103284 PMCID: PMC10145040 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14040194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia refers to the abnormal increase in plasma lipid level exceeding the normal range. At present, a large number of patients require dental implantation. However, hyperlipidemia affects bone metabolism, promotes bone loss, and inhibits the osseointegration of dental implants through the mutual regulation of adipocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. This review summarized the effects of hyperlipidemia on dental implants and addressed the potential strategies of dental implants to promote osseointegration in a hyperlipidemic environment and to improve the success rate of dental implants in patients with hyperlipidemia. We summarized topical drug delivery methods to solve the interference of hyperlipidemia in osseointegration, which were local drug injection, implant surface modification and bone-grafting material modification. Statins are the most effective drugs in the treatment of hyperlipidemia, and they also encourage bone formation. Statins have been used in these three methods and have been found to be positive in promoting osseointegration. Directly coating simvastatin on the rough surface of the implant can effectively promote osseointegration of the implant in a hyperlipidemic environment. However, the delivery method of this drug is not efficient. Recently, a variety of efficient methods of simvastatin delivery, such as hydrogels and nanoparticles, have been developed to boost bone formation, but few of them were applied to dental implants. Applicating these drug delivery systems using the three aforementioned ways, according to the mechanical and biological properties of materials, could be promising ways to promote osseointegration under hyperlipidemic conditions. However, more research is needed to confirm.
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21
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Sterol-Sensing Domain (SSD)-Containing Proteins in Sterol Auxotrophic Phytophthora capsici Mediate Sterol Signaling and Play a Role in Asexual Reproduction and Pathogenicity. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0379722. [PMID: 36629430 PMCID: PMC9927452 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03797-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytophthora species are devastating filamentous plant pathogens that belong to oomycetes, a group of microorganisms similar to fungi in morphology but phylogenetically distinct. They are sterol auxotrophic, but nevertheless exploit exogenous sterols for growth and development. However, as for now the mechanisms underlying sterol utilization in Phytophthora are unknown. In this study, we identified four genes in Phytophthora capsici that encode proteins containing a sterol-sensing domain (SSD), a protein domain of around 180 amino acids comprising five transmembrane segments and known to feature in sterol signaling in animals. Using a modified CRISPR/Cas9 system, we successfully knocked out the four genes named PcSCP1 to PcSCP4 (for P. capsici SSD-containing protein 1 to 4), either individually or sequentially, thereby creating single, double, triple, and quadruple knockout transformants. Results showed that knocking out just one of the four PcSCPs was not sufficient to block sterol signaling. However, the quadruple "all-four" PcSCPs knockout transformants no longer responded to sterol treatment in asexual reproduction, in contrast to wild-type P. capsici that produced zoospores under sterol treatment. Apparently, the four PcSCPs play a key role in sterol signaling in P. capsici with functional redundancy. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the expression of a subset of genes is regulated by exogenous sterols via PcSCPs. Further investigations showed that sterols could stimulate zoospore differentiation via PcSCPs by controlling actin-mediated membrane trafficking. Moreover, the pathogenicity of the "all-four" PcSCPs knockout transformants was significantly decreased and many pathogenicity related genes were downregulated, implying that PcSCPs also contribute to plant-pathogen interaction. IMPORTANCE Phytophthora is an important genus of oomycetes that comprises many destructive plant pathogens. Due to the incompleteness of the sterol synthesis pathway, Phytophthora spp. do not possess the ability to produce sterols. Therefore, these sterol auxotrophic oomycetes need to recruit sterols from the environment such as host plants to support growth and development, which seems crucial during pathogen-plant interactions. However, the mechanisms underlying sterol utilization by Phytophthora spp. remain largely unknown. Here, we show that a family of sterol-sensing domain-containing proteins (SCPs) consisting of four members in P. capsici plays a key role in sterol signaling with functional redundancy. Moreover, these SCPs play a role in different biological processes, including asexual reproduction and pathogenicity. Our study overall revealed the multiple functions of PcSCPs and addressed the question of how exogenous sterols regulate the development of heterothallic Phytophthora spp. via SSD-containing proteins.
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Renaud L, Waldrep KM, da Silveira WA, Pilewski JM, Feghali-Bostwick CA. First Characterization of the Transcriptome of Lung Fibroblasts of SSc Patients and Healthy Donors of African Ancestry. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3645. [PMID: 36835058 PMCID: PMC9966000 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disorder that results in fibrosis of the skin and visceral organs. SSc-associated pulmonary fibrosis (SSc-PF) is the leading cause of death amongst SSc patients. Racial disparity is noted in SSc as African Americans (AA) have a higher frequency and severity of disease than European Americans (EA). Using RNAseq, we determined differentially expressed genes (DEGs; q < 0.1, log2FC > |0.6|) in primary pulmonary fibroblasts from SSc lungs (SScL) and normal lungs (NL) of AA and EA patients to characterize the unique transcriptomic signatures of AA-NL and AA-SScL fibroblasts using systems-level analysis. We identified 69 DEGs in "AA-NL vs. EA-NL" and 384 DEGs in "AA-SScL vs. EA-SScL" analyses, and a comparison of disease mechanisms revealed that only 7.5% of DEGs were commonly deregulated in AA and EA patients. Surprisingly, we also identified an SSc-like signature in AA-NL fibroblasts. Our data highlight differences in disease mechanisms between AA and EA SScL fibroblasts and suggest that AA-NL fibroblasts are in a "pre-fibrosis" state, poised to respond to potential fibrotic triggers. The DEGs and pathways identified in our study provide a wealth of novel targets to better understand disease mechanisms leading to racial disparity in SSc-PF and develop more effective and personalized therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Renaud
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Kristy M. Waldrep
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Willian A. da Silveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Education, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 2DF, UK
| | - Joseph M. Pilewski
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Carol A. Feghali-Bostwick
- Department of Medicine, Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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23
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Okamoto N, Fujinaga D, Yamanaka N. Steroid hormone signaling: What we can learn from insect models. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2023; 123:525-554. [PMID: 37717997 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Ecdysteroids are a group of steroid hormones in arthropods with pleiotropic functions throughout their life history. Ecdysteroid research in insects has made a significant contribution to our current understanding of steroid hormone signaling in metazoans, but how far can we extrapolate our findings in insects to other systems, such as mammals? In this chapter, we compare steroid hormone signaling in insects and mammals from multiple perspectives and discuss similarities and differences between the two lineages. We also highlight a few understudied areas and remaining questions of steroid hormone biology in metazoans and propose potential future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Okamoto
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Daiki Fujinaga
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Naoki Yamanaka
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States.
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Chen W, Li Y, Yu X, Wang Z, Wang W, Rao M, Li Y, Luo Z, Zhang Q, Liu J, Wu J. Zika virus non-structural protein 4B interacts with DHCR7 to facilitate viral infection. Virol Sin 2023; 38:23-33. [PMID: 36182074 PMCID: PMC10006206 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) evolves non-structural proteins to evade immune response and ensure efficient replication in the host cells. Cholesterol metabolic enzyme 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) was recently reported to impact innate immune responses in ZIKV infection. However, the vital non-structural protein and mechanisms involved in DHCR7-mediated viral evasion are not well elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that ZIKV infection facilitated DHCR7 expression. Notably, the upregulated DHCR7 in turn facilitated ZIKV infection and blocking DHCR7 suppressed ZIKV infection. Mechanically, ZIKV non-structural protein 4B (NS4B) interacted with DHCR7 to induce DHCR7 expression. Moreover, DHCR7 inhibited TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) phosphorylation, which resulted in the reduction of interferon-beta (IFN-β) and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) productions. Therefore, we propose that ZIKV NS4B binds to DHCR7 to repress TBK1 and IRF3 activation, which in turn inhibits IFN-β and ISGs, and thereby facilitating ZIKV evasion. This study broadens the insights on how viral non-structural proteins antagonize innate immunity to facilitate viral infection via cholesterol metabolic enzymes and intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, 528315, China
| | - Yukun Li
- Halison International Peace Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Hengshui, 053000, China
| | - Xiuling Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhenwei Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wenbiao Wang
- Medical Research Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Menglan Rao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yongkui Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, 528315, China
| | - Zhen Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, 528315, China
| | - Qiwei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, 528315, China
| | - Jinbiao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, 528315, China.
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Foshan Institute of Medical Microbiology, Foshan, 528315, China.
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DHCR7 promotes tumorigenesis via activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway in bladder cancer. Cell Signal 2023; 102:110553. [PMID: 36473621 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is a common malignancy with uncertain molecular mechanism. 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7), the enzyme of mammalian sterol biosynthesis, plays important roles in several types of cancers but its specific function in BCa is still unknown. The current study aimed to determine the bioinformatic characteristics and biological functions of DHCR7 in BCa. Sequencing results and clinical data from online public databases, human BCa tissues and matched noncancerous tissues, xenograft nude mice, DHCR7 deficiency and overexpression BCa cell (T24 and EJ) models were used. Several bioinformatics analyses were made, qRT-PCR, Western-blotting, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry (IHC), MTT assay, wound healing and cell invasion assays were performed. It was found that DHCR7 was upregulated in BCa as an independent risk factor, and the expression of DHCR7 was associated with BCa grade and stage, finally resulted in poor prognosis. We further demonstrated that DHCR7 overexpression could accelerate the G0/G1 phase to accelerate the growth of tumor cells, antagonize cell apoptosis, and enhance the invasion and migration capacity, as well as EMT process via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, which could be completely reversed by DHCR7 knockdown. Finally, DHCR7 deficiency significantly decreased tumorigenesis in vivo. Our novel data demonstrated that DHCR7 could modulate BCa tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. It is suggested that DHCR7 might become a molecular target for the diagnosis and treatment of BCa.
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Chen Y, Yan W, Yang K, Qian Y, Chen Y, Wang R, Zhu J, He Y, Wu H, Zhang G, Shi T, Chen W. Integrated multi-dimensional analysis highlights DHCR7 mutations involving in cholesterol biosynthesis and contributing therapy of gastric cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2023; 42:36. [PMID: 36710342 PMCID: PMC9885627 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02611-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic background plays an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer (GC). With the application of genome-wide association study (GWAS), an increasing number of tumor susceptibility genes in gastric cancer have been discovered. While little of them can be further applicated in clinical diagnosis and treatment due to the lack of in-depth analysis. METHODS A GWAS of peripheral blood leukocytes from GC patients was performed to identify and obtain genetic background data. In combination with a clinical investigation, key SNP mutations and mutated genes were screened. Via in vitro and in vivo experiments, the function of the mutated gene was verified in GC. Via a combination of molecular function studies and amino acid network analysis, co-mutations were discovered and further identified as potential therapeutic targets. RESULTS At the genetic level, the G allele of rs104886038 in DHCR7 was a protective factor identified by the GWAS. Clinical investigation showed that patients with the rs104886038 A/G genotype, age ≥ 60, smoking ≥ 10 cigarettes/day, heavy drinking and H. pylori infection were independent risk factors for GC, with odds ratios of 12.33 (95% CI, 2.10 ~ 72.54), 20.42 (95% CI, 2.46 ~ 169.83), and 11.39 (95% CI, 1.82 ~ 71.21), respectively. Then molecular function studies indicated that DHCR7 regulated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as apoptosis resistance via cellular cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Further amino acid network analysis based on the predicted structure of DHCR7 and experimental verification indicated that rs104886035 and rs104886038 co-mutation reduced the stability of DHCR7 and induced its degradation. DHCR7 mutation suppressed the malignant behaviour of GC cells and induced apoptosis via inhibition on cell cholesterol biosynthesis. CONCLUSION In this work, we provided a comprehensive multi-dimensional analysis strategy which can be applied to in-depth exploration of GWAS data. DHCR7 and its mutation sites identified by this strategy are potential theratic targets of GC via inhibition of cholesterol biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Chen
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Wenying Yan
- grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Department of Bioinformatics, Center for Systems Biology, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kexi Yang
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Yiting Qian
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Yanjun Chen
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Ruoqin Wang
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Jinghan Zhu
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Yuxin He
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China
| | - Hongya Wu
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 178 East Ganjiang Road, Suzhou, 215021 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China ,grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangbo Zhang
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 178 East Ganjiang Road, Suzhou, 215021 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China ,grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tongguo Shi
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China ,grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 178 East Ganjiang Road, Suzhou, 215021 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China ,grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Weichang Chen
- grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Road, Suzhou, 215006 China ,grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 178 East Ganjiang Road, Suzhou, 215021 China ,grid.263761.70000 0001 0198 0694Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China ,grid.429222.d0000 0004 1798 0228Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Tumor Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Li D, Zhong C, Sun Y, Kang L, Jiang Y. Identification of genes involved in chicken follicle selection by ONT sequencing on granulosa cells. Front Genet 2023; 13:1090603. [PMID: 36712880 PMCID: PMC9877231 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1090603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In chickens, follicle selection is an important process affecting laying traits, which is characterized by the differentiation of granulosa cells and the synthesis of progesterone by granulosa cells from hierarchical follicles. By using Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) approach, we compared the transcriptomes of granulosa cells between pre-hierarchical (Pre-GCs) and hierarchical follicles (Post-GCs) to identify genes underlying chicken follicle selection. A total of 2,436 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 3,852 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) and 925 differentially expressed lncRNA transcripts were identified between chicken Pre-GCs and Post-GCs. For all of the significant DETs, the alternative 3'splice sites (A3) accounted for a maximum of 23.74% of all alternative splicing events. Three DETs of the 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase gene (DHCR7) named as T1, T3, and T4, differing in 5'untranslated regions (UTRs), increased in Post-GCs with different folds (T1: 1.83, T3: 2.42, T4: 5.06). The expression of the three DHCR7 transcripts was upregulated by estrogen in a dose-dependent manner, while was downregulated by bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1). Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) promoted the expression of the three DHCR7 transcripts in Pre-GCs at lower concentrations, while repressed their expression at higher concentrations. The data from this study may provide a reference for better understanding of the genetic mechanisms underlying follicle selection in chicken and other poultry species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Conghao Zhong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Li Kang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yunliang Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China,*Correspondence: Yunliang Jiang,
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Wang H, Cui B, Yan H, Wu S, Wang K, Yang G, Jiang J, Li Y. Targeting 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase against EV-A71 replication by upregulating interferon response. Antiviral Res 2023; 209:105497. [PMID: 36528172 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown a close link between viral infections and cholesterol metabolism. Here, we reported that 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7), a terminal enzyme for catalyzing cholesterol synthesis in the Kandutsch-Russell pathway, is harnessed by enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) benefitting for its replication. Overexpression of DHCR7 resulted in upregulating of EV-A71 replication, while the S14A mutation, which reduces DHCR7 enzyme activity, has no effect on EV-A71 replication. Knockdown of DHCR7 expression with small interfering RNA (siRNA) or enzyme activity inhibition with pharmacological inhibitor AY9944 could significantly inhibit EV-A71 replication. Adding cholesterol to DHCR7 knockdown cells or AY9944-treated cells could rescue EV-A71 replication. More importantly, prophylactic administration of AY9944 effectively protected mice from lethal EV-A71 infection. In addition, the natural cholesterol precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC), which is converted to cholesterol by DHCR7, has a similar effect against EV-A71 infection. Mechanistically, AY9944 or 7-DHC treatment can specifically promote IRF3 phosphorylation to activate interferon response. Moreover, AY9944 effectively cleared coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) infections in vitro. In conclusion, pharmacological modulation of DHCR7 might provide a chance for treatment of enterovirus infection, including EV-A71.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiang Wang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Boming Cui
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Yan
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Wu
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Wang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Yang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Jiandong Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuhuan Li
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
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Rao SW, Duan YY, Zhao DS, Liu CJ, Xu SH, Liang D, Zhang FX, Shi W. Integrative Analysis of Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Data for Identification of Pathways Related to Matrine-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:2271-2284. [PMID: 36440846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Matrine (MT) is a major bioactive compound extracted from Sophorae tonkinensis. However, the clinical application of MT is relatively restricted due to its potentially toxic effects, especially hepatotoxicity. Although MT-induced liver injury has been reported, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, transcriptomics and metabolomics were applied to investigate the hepatotoxicity of MT in mice. The results indicated that liver injury occurred when the administration of MT (30 or 60 mg/kg, i.g) lasted for 2 weeks, including dramatically increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), etc. The metabolomic results revealed that steroid biosynthesis, purine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and pyruvate metabolism were involved in the occurrence and development of MT-induced hepatotoxicity. Further, the transcriptomic data indicated that the downregulation of NSDHL with CYP51, FDFT1, and DHCR7, involved in steroid biosynthesis, resulted in a lower level of cholic acid. Besides, Gstps and Nat8f1 were related to the disorder of glutathione metabolism, and HMGCS1 could be treated as the marker gene of the development of MT-induced hepatotoxicity. In addition, other metabolites, such as taurine, flavin mononucleotide (FMN), and inosine monophosphate (IMP), also made a contribution to the boosting of MT-induced hepatotoxicity. In this work, our results provide clues for the mechanism investigation of MT-induced hepatotoxicity, and several biomarkers (metabolites and genes) closely related to the liver injury caused by MT are also provided. Meanwhile, new insights into the understanding of the development of MT-induced hepatotoxicity or other monomer-induced hepatotoxicity were also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Wei Rao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Duan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Sheng Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Dong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
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Maciejewski A, Lacka K. Vitamin D-Related Genes and Thyroid Cancer-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13661. [PMID: 36362448 PMCID: PMC9658610 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D, formerly known for its role in calcium-phosphorus homeostasis, was shown to exert a broad influence on immunity and on differentiation and proliferation processes in the last few years. In the field of endocrinology, there is proof of the potential role of vitamin D and vitamin D-related genes in the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer-the most prevalent endocrine malignancy. Therefore, the study aimed to systematically review the publications on the association between vitamin D-related gene variants (polymorphisms, mutations, etc.) and thyroid cancer. PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases were searched for relevant studies. A total of ten studies were found that met the inclusion criteria. Six vitamin D-related genes were analyzed (VDR-vitamin D receptor, CYP2R1-cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily R member 1, CYP24A1-cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1, CYP27B1-cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily B member 1, DHCR7-7-dehydrocholesterol reductase and CUBN-cubilin). Moreover, a meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the data from the studies on VDR polymorphisms (rs2228570/FokI, rs1544410/BsmI, rs7975232/ApaI and rs731236/TaqI). Some associations between thyroid cancer risk (VDR, CYP24A1, DHCR7) or the clinical course of the disease (VDR) and vitamin D-related gene polymorphisms were described in the literature. However, these results seem inconclusive and need validation. A meta-analysis of the five studies of common VDR polymorphisms did not confirm their association with increased susceptibility to differentiated thyroid cancer. Further efforts are necessary to improve our understanding of thyroid cancer pathogenesis and implement targeted therapies for refractory cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katarzyna Lacka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60355 Poznan, Poland
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Xie S, Jiang M, Liu H, Xue F, Chen X, Zhu X. Association of Vitamin D Anabolism-Related Gene Polymorphisms and Susceptibility to Uterine Leiomyomas. Front Genet 2022; 13:844684. [PMID: 35795205 PMCID: PMC9251306 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.844684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Uterine leiomyomas (ULs) is the most common gynecological benign tumor in women. Our previous study showed that the phenomenon of vitamin D deficiency existed in patients with ULs. However, the association of vitamin D anabolism-related gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to ULs was unclear. Methods: Vitamin D anabolism-related gene polymorphisms in 110 patients with ULs and 110 healthy controls were detected by sequencing and the differences of the 92 SNPs were analyzed in the two groups via chi-square test. To verify the association between the significantly different SNPs and the risk of ULs, the SNPs were genotyped in another 340 patients and 340 healthy controls. Additionally, an unconditional logistic regression model was conducted to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of ULs occurrence and the 95% confidence interval (CI), adjusting for age and BMI. Findings: In sequencing samples, there were differences in DHCR7 rs1044482 C > T (p = 0.008) and NADSYN1 rs2276360 G > C (p = 0.025) between patients with ULs and healthy controls. DHCR7 rs1044482 was related to the susceptibility to ULs in validation samples (heterogeneous: adjusted OR = 1.967, p = 0.002; homogenous: adjusted OR = 2.494, p = 0.002; additive: adjusted OR = 1.485, p < 0.041; and dominant: adjusted OR = 2.084, p < 0.001). Stratified analysis further showed that the DHCR7 rs1044482 polymorphisms were associated with ULs risks in women over 40 and with 18.5–25.0 BMI. In contrast to the wild-type CG haplotype vectors, individuals with TC haplotypes had a higher risk of developing ULs. Interpretation: The vitamin D anabolism-related gene DHCR7 rs1044482 C > T polymorphism was a risk factor of ULs, especially in patients over 40 with 18.5–25.0 BMI, while the relationship between NADSYN1 rs2276360 and ULs risk was not clear.
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Lazniewska J, Bader C, Hickey SM, Selemidis S, O'Leary J, Simpson PV, Stagni S, Plush SE, Massi M, Brooks D. Rhenium(I) conjugates as tools for tracking cholesterol in cells. Metallomics 2022; 14:6601455. [PMID: 35657681 PMCID: PMC9344854 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfac040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol is vital to control membrane integrity and fluidity, but is also a precursor to produce steroid hormones, bile acids, and vitamin D. Consequently, altered cholesterol biology has been linked to many diseases, including metabolic syndromes and cancer. Defining the intracellular pools of cholesterol and its trafficking within cells is essential to understand both normal cell physiology and mechanisms of pathogenesis. We have synthesized a new cholesterol mimic (ReTEGCholestanol), comprising a luminescent rhenium metal complex and a cholestanol targeting unit, linked using a tetraethylene glycol (TEG) spacer. ReTEGCholestanol demonstrated favourable imaging properties and improved water solubility when compared to a cholesterol derivative, and structurally related probes lacking the TEG linker. A non-malignant and three malignant prostate cell lines were used to characterize the uptake and intracellular distribution of ReTEGCholestanol. The ReTEGCholestanol complex was effectively internalized and mainly localized to late endosomes/lysosomes in non-malignant PNT1a cells, while in prostate cancer cells it also accumulated in early endosomes and multivesicular bodies, suggesting disturbed cholesterol biology in the malignant cells. The ReTEGCholestanol is a novel imaging agent for visualizing endosomal uptake and trafficking, which may be used to define cholesterol related biology including membrane integration and altered lipid trafficking/processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shane M Hickey
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Stavros Selemidis
- Department of Human Biosciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - John O'Leary
- Discipline of Histopathology, University of Dublin Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Peter V Simpson
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences - Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Stefano Stagni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry Toso Montanari, University of Bologna, Via Zamboni, 33, Bologna I-40136, Italy
| | - Sally E Plush
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences - Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Doug Brooks
- Correspondence: School of Molecular and Life Sciences - Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia. Tel: +61-8-830-21229; E-mail:
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Structural enzymology of cholesterol biosynthesis and storage. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2022; 74:102369. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Štiavnická M, Chaulot-Talmon A, Perrier JP, Hošek P, Kenny DA, Lonergan P, Kiefer H, Fair S. Sperm DNA methylation patterns at discrete CpGs and genes involved in embryonic development are related to bull fertility. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:379. [PMID: 35585482 PMCID: PMC9118845 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08614-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite a multifactorial approach being taken for the evaluation of bull semen quality in many animal breeding centres worldwide, reliable prediction of bull fertility is still a challenge. Recently, attention has turned to molecular mechanisms, which could uncover potential biomarkers of fertility. One of these mechanisms is DNA methylation, which together with other epigenetic mechanisms is essential for the fertilising sperm to drive normal embryo development and establish a viable pregnancy. In this study, we hypothesised that bull sperm DNA methylation patterns are related to bull fertility. We therefore investigated DNA methylation patterns from bulls used in artificial insemination with contrasting fertility scores. Results The DNA methylation patterns were obtained by reduced representative bisulphite sequencing from 10 high-fertility bulls and 10 low-fertility bulls, having average fertility scores of − 6.6 and + 6.5%, respectively (mean of the population was zero). Hierarchical clustering analysis did not distinguish bulls based on fertility but did highlight individual differences. Despite this, using stringent criteria (DNA methylation difference ≥ 35% and a q-value < 0.001), we identified 661 differently methylated cytosines (DMCs). DMCs were preferentially located in intergenic regions, introns, gene downstream regions, repetitive elements, open sea, shores and shelves of CpG islands. We also identified 10 differently methylated regions, covered by 7 unique genes (SFRP1, STXBP4, BCR, PSMG4, ARSG, ATP11A, RXRA), which are involved in spermatogenesis and early embryonic development. Conclusion This study demonstrated that at specific CpG sites, sperm DNA methylation status is related to bull fertility, and identified seven differently methylated genes in sperm of subfertile bulls that may lead to altered gene expression and potentially influence embryo development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08614-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriama Štiavnická
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Biomaterials Research Cluster, Bernal Institute, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Aurélie Chaulot-Talmon
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Perrier
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Biomaterials Research Cluster, Bernal Institute, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Petr Hošek
- Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - David A Kenny
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Meath, Ireland
| | - Patrick Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Hélène Kiefer
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Sean Fair
- Department of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Biomaterials Research Cluster, Bernal Institute, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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25(OH)Vitamin D Deficiency and Calcifediol Treatment in Pediatrics. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091854. [PMID: 35565821 PMCID: PMC9101124 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is essential for the normal mineralization of bones during childhood. Although diet and adequate sun exposure should provide enough of this nutrient, there is a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency rickets worldwide. Children with certain conditions that lead to decreased vitamin D production and/or absorption are at the greatest risk of nutritional rickets. In addition, several rare genetic alterations are also associated with severe forms of vitamin-D-resistant or -dependent rickets. Although vitamin D3 is the threshold nutrient for the vitamin D endocrine system (VDES), direct measurement of circulating vitamin D3 itself is not a good marker of the nutritional status of the system. Calcifediol (or 25(OH)D) serum levels are used to assess VDES status. While there is no clear consensus among the different scientific associations on calcifediol status, many clinical trials have demonstrated the benefit of ensuring normal 25(OH)D serum levels and calcium intake for the prevention or treatment of nutritional rickets in childhood. Therefore, during the first year of life, infants should receive vitamin D treatment with at least 400 IU/day. In addition, a diet should ensure a normal calcium intake. Healthy lifestyle habits to prevent vitamin D deficiency should be encouraged during childhood. In children who develop clinical signs of rickets, adequate treatment with vitamin D and calcium should be guaranteed. Children with additional risk factors for 25(OH)D deficiency and nutritional rickets should be assessed periodically and treated promptly to prevent further bone damage.
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Houtman E, Tuerlings M, Suchiman HED, Lakenberg N, Cornelis FMF, Mei H, Broekhuis D, Nelissen RGHH, Coutinho de Almeida R, Ramos YFM, Lories RJ, Cruz LJ, Meulenbelt I. Inhibiting thyroid activation in aged human explants prevents mechanical induced detrimental signalling by mitigating metabolic processes. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2022; 62:457-466. [PMID: 35383365 PMCID: PMC9788824 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether the deiodinase inhibitor iopanoic acid (IOP) has chondroprotective properties, a mechanical stress induced model of human aged explants was used to test both repeated dosing and slow release of IOP. METHODS Human osteochondral explants subjected to injurious mechanical stress (65%MS) were treated with IOP or IOP encapsulated in poly lactic-co-glycolic acid-polyethylene glycol nanoparticles (NP-IOP). Changes to cartilage integrity and signalling were determined by Mankin scoring of histology, sulphated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) release and expression levels of catabolic, anabolic and hypertrophic markers. Subsequently, on a subgroup of samples, RNA sequencing was performed on 65%MS (n = 14) and 65%MS+IOP (n = 7) treated cartilage to identify IOP's mode of action. RESULTS Damage from injurious mechanical stress was confirmed by increased cartilage surface damage in the Mankin score, increased sGAG release, and consistent upregulation of catabolic markers and downregulation of anabolic markers. IOP and, though less effective, NP-IOP treatment, reduced MMP13 and increased COL2A1 expression. In line with this, IOP and NP-IOP reduced cartilage surface damage induced by 65%MS, while only IOP reduced sGAG release from explants subjected to 65%MS. Lastly, differential expression analysis identified 12 genes in IOP's mode of action to be mainly involved in reducing metabolic processes (INSIG1, DHCR7, FADS1 and ACAT2) and proliferation and differentiation (CTGF, BMP5 and FOXM1). CONCLUSION Treatment with the deiodinase inhibitor IOP reduced detrimental changes of injurious mechanical stress. In addition, we identified that its mode of action was likely on metabolic processes, cell proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Houtman
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Margo Tuerlings
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H Eka D Suchiman
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nico Lakenberg
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frederique M F Cornelis
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Centre, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Demiën Broekhuis
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rob G H H Nelissen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rodrigo Coutinho de Almeida
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yolande F M Ramos
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rik J Lories
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Centre, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luis J Cruz
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) Group, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Meulenbelt
- Correspondence to: Ingrid Meulenbelt, Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences Postzone J-11-R, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands. E-mail:
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Wang W, Zhang F, Zhang S, Xue Z, Xie L, Govers F, Liu X. Phytophthora capsici sterol reductase PcDHCR7 has a role in mycelium development and pathogenicity. Open Biol 2022; 12:210282. [PMID: 35382565 PMCID: PMC8984297 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The de novo biosynthesis of sterols is critical for the majority of eukaryotes; however, some organisms lack this pathway, including most oomycetes. Phytophthora spp. are sterol auxotrophic but, remarkably, have retained a few genes encoding enzymes in the sterol biosynthesis pathway. Here, we show that PcDHCR7, a gene in Phytophthora capsici predicted to encode Δ7-sterol reductase, displays multiple functions. When expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, PcDHCR7 showed the Δ7-sterol reductase activity. Knocking out PcDHCR7 in P. capsici resulted in loss of the capacity to transform ergosterol into brassicasterol, which means PcDHCR7 has the Δ7-sterol reductase activity in P. capsici itself. This enables P. capsici to transform sterols recruited from the environment for better use. The biological characteristics of ΔPcDHCR7 transformants were compared with those of the wild-type strain and a PcDHCR7 complemented transformant, and the results showed that PcDHCR7 plays a key role in mycelium development and pathogenicity of zoospores. Further analysis of the transcriptome indicated that the expression of many genes changed in the ΔPcDHCR7 transformant, which involve in different biological processes. It is possible that P. capsici compensates for the defects caused by the loss of PcDHCR7 by remodelling its transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhen Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China,Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sicong Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaolin Xue
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Linfang Xie
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Francine Govers
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xili Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China,State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People's Republic of China
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Gilani SJ, Bin-Jumah MN, Nadeem MS, Kazmi I. Vitamin D attenuates COVID-19 complications via modulation of proinflammatory cytokines, antiviral proteins, and autophagy. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2022; 20:231-241. [PMID: 34112047 PMCID: PMC8477590 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1941871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Global emergence of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has clearly shown variable severity, mortality, and frequency between and within populations worldwide. These striking differences have made many biological variables attractive for future investigations. One of these variables, vitamin D, has been implicated in COVID-19 with rapidly growing scientific evidence. AREAS COVERED The review intended to systematically explore the sources, and immunomodulatory role of vitamin D in COVID-19. Search engines and data sources including Google Scholar, PubMed, NCBI, Scopus, and Web of Science were used for data collection. The search terms used were Vitamin D, COVID-19, immune system, and antiviral mechanism. Overall, 232 sources of information were collected and 188 were included in this review. EXPERT OPINION Interaction of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) triggers the cellular events to modulate the immune system by regulation of many genes. Vitamin D operates as a double-edged sword against COVID-19. First, in macrophages, it promotes the production of antimicrobial and antiviral proteins like β-defensin 2 and cathelicidin, and these proteins inhibit the replication of viral particles and promote the clearance of virus from the cells by autophagy. Second, it suppresses cytokine storm and inflammatory processes in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Jamal Gilani
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Preparatory Year, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Nasser Bin-Jumah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Resino S, Jiménez-Sousa MÁ, Blanco J, Pacheco YM, del Romero J, Peraire J, Virseda-Berdices A, Muñoz-Gómez MJ, Galera-Peñaranda C, García-Fraile LJ, Benito JM, Rallón N. DBP rs7041 and DHCR7 rs3829251 are Linked to CD4+ Recovery in HIV Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:773848. [PMID: 35115928 PMCID: PMC8804497 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.773848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The lack of the recovery of CD4+ T-cells (CD4+ recovery) among immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not well known. We aimed to analyze the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) underlying vitamin D metabolism and the CD4+ recovery in naïve HIV-infected patients who started ART with low baseline CD4+. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study in 411 naïve individuals with plasma HIV load >200 copies/mL and CD4+ <200 cells/mm3. During 24 months of follow-up, all patients had plasma HIV load <50 copies/mL. DNA genotyping was performed using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. The outcome variable was the change in CD4+ during the study. Results: CD4+ recovery was higher in patients carrying DBP rs7041 AA genotype (AA versus CC/AC) and DHCR7 rs3829251 AA genotype (AA versus GG/AG) (p-value < 0.05). DBP rs7041 AA genotype was linked to increase in CD4+ (adjusted arithmetic mean ratio (aAMR) = 1.22; q-value = 0.011), increase in CD4+ ≥P75th [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.31; q-value = 0.005], slope of CD4+ recovery (aAMR = 1.25; q-value = 0.008), slope of CD4+ recovery ≥ P75th (aOR = 2.55; q-value = 0.005) and achievement of CD4+ ≥500 cells/mm3 (aOR = 1.89; q-value = 0.023). Besides, DHCR7 rs3829251 AA genotype was related to increase in CD4+ (aAMR = 1.43; q-value = 0.031), increase in CD4+ ≥P75th (aOR = 3.92; q-value = 0.030), slope of CD4+ recovery (aAMR = 1.40; q-value = 0.036), slope of CD4+ recovery ≥ P75th (aOR = 3.42; q-value = 0.031) and achievement of CD4+ ≥500 cells/mm3 (aOR = 5.68; q-value = 0.015). Conclusion: In summary, DHCR7 rs3829251 and DBP rs7041 polymorphisms were associated with CD4+ recovery in HIV-infected patients who started cART with low CD4+ T-cell counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Resino
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Salvador Resino,
| | - María Ángeles Jiménez-Sousa
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julià Blanco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Virología e Inmunología Celular, IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Yolanda M. Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jorge del Romero
- Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquim Peraire
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ana Virseda-Berdices
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Muñoz-Gómez
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Galera-Peñaranda
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lucio Jesus García-Fraile
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Benito
- Laboratorio de Investigación Del VIH y la Hepatitis Viral, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Norma Rallón
- Laboratorio de Investigación Del VIH y la Hepatitis Viral, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (IIS-FJD, UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
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Schmitz M, Deutschmann B, Markert N, Backhaus T, Brack W, Brauns M, Brinkmann M, Seiler TB, Fink P, Tang S, Beitel S, Doering JA, Hecker M, Shao Y, Schulze T, Weitere M, Wild R, Velki M, Hollert H. Demonstration of an aggregated biomarker response approach to assess the impact of point and diffuse contaminant sources in feral fish in a small river case study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 804:150020. [PMID: 34508932 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of the exposure of aquatic wildlife to complex environmental mixtures of chemicals originating from both point and diffuse sources and evaluating the potential impact thereof constitutes a significant step towards mitigating toxic pressure and the improvement of ecological status. In the current proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate the potential of a novel Aggregated Biomarker Response (ABR) approach involving a comprehensive set of biomarkers to identify complex exposure and impacts on wild brown trout (Salmo trutta fario). Our scenario used a small lowland river in Germany (Holtemme river in the Elbe river catchment) impacted by two wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) and diffuse agricultural runoff as a case study. The trout were collected along a pollution gradient (characterised in a parallel study) in the river. Compared to fish from the reference site upstream of the first WWTP, the trout collected downstream of the WWTPs showed a significant increase in micronucleus formation, phase I and II enzyme activities, and oxidative stress parameters in agreement with increasing exposure to various chemicals. By integrating single biomarker responses into an aggregated biomarker response, the two WWTPs' contribution to the observed toxicity could be clearly differentiated. The ABR results were supported by chemical analyses and whole transcriptome data, which revealed alterations of steroid biosynthesis and associated pathways, including an anti-androgenic effect, as some of the key drivers of the observed toxicity. Overall, this combined approach of in situ biomarker responses complemented with molecular pathway analysis allowed for a comprehensive ecotoxicological assessment of fish along the river. This study provides evidence for specific hazard potentials caused by mixtures of agricultural and WWTP derived chemicals at sublethal concentrations. Using aggregated biomarker responses combined with chemical analyses enabled an evidence-based ranking of sites with different degrees of pollution according to toxic stress and observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Schmitz
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue Straße 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Björn Deutschmann
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52070 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nele Markert
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52070 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Backhaus
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Werner Brack
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue Straße 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mario Brauns
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstraße 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Markus Brinkmann
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Thomas-Benjamin Seiler
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52070 Aachen, Germany; Ruhr District Institute of Hygiene, Rotthauser Str. 21, 45879 Gelsenkirchen, Germany
| | - Patrick Fink
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstraße 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany; Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Department Aquatic Ecosystem Analysis and Management, Brückstraße 3a, 39114 D Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Song Tang
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Shawn Beitel
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Jon A Doering
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Markus Hecker
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; School of Environment and Sustainability and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Ying Shao
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52070 Aachen, Germany; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Eco-environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Road Shapingba, 400045 Chongqing, PR China
| | - Tobias Schulze
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Markus Weitere
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstraße 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Romy Wild
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, Department River Ecology, Brückstraße 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mirna Velki
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, 52070 Aachen, Germany; Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Ul. Cara Hadrijana 8/A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Henner Hollert
- Department for Evolutionary Ecology and Environmental Toxicology, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue Straße 13, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Serum Vitamin D as a Biomarker in Autoimmune, Psychiatric and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12010130. [PMID: 35054296 PMCID: PMC8774449 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone regulating calcium-phosphorus homeostasis, immune response and brain function. In the past thirty years, an increasing number of cohort studies, meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials (RTCs) evaluated the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], which is considered the Vitamin D status biomarker, in patients affected by neurological, psychiatric and autoimmune diseases. Although an association between low 25(OH)D serum levels and the prevalence of these diseases has been found, it is still unclear whether the serum 25(OH)D measurement can be clinically useful as a biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and predicting treatment response in neurodegeneration, mental illness and immune-mediated disorders. The lack of standardized data, as well as discrepancies among the studies (in the analytical methods, cut-offs, endpoints and study sets), weakened the findings achieved, hindered pooling data, and, consequently, hampered drawing conclusions. This narrative review summarizes the main findings from the studies performed on serum 25(OH)D in neurological, psychiatric and autoimmune diseases, and clarifies whether or not serum 25(OH)D can be used as a reliable biomarker in these diseases.
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42
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King RJ, Singh PK, Mehla K. The cholesterol pathway: impact on immunity and cancer. Trends Immunol 2022; 43:78-92. [PMID: 34942082 PMCID: PMC8812650 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol is a multifaceted metabolite that is known to modulate processes in cancer, atherosclerosis, and autoimmunity. A common denominator between these diseases appears to be the immune system, in which many cholesterol-associated metabolites impact both adaptive and innate immunity. Many cancers display altered cholesterol metabolism, and recent studies demonstrate that manipulating systemic cholesterol metabolism may be useful in improving immunotherapy responses. However, cholesterol can have both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory roles in mammals, acting via multiple immune cell types, and depending on context. Gaining mechanistic insights into various cholesterol-related metabolites can improve our understanding of their functions and extensive effects on the immune system, and ideally will inform the design of future therapeutic strategies against cancer and/or other pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. King
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. 68198
| | - Pankaj K. Singh
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. 68198,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. 68198,Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. 68198,Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. 68198,Correspondence: Pankaj K. Singh, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 987696 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, , Phone: 402.559.2726, FAX: 402-559-2813 and Kamiya Mehla, Ph.D., Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 987696 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, , Phone: 402.836.9117, FAX: 402-559-2813
| | - Kamiya Mehla
- The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. 68198,Correspondence: Pankaj K. Singh, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 987696 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, , Phone: 402.559.2726, FAX: 402-559-2813 and Kamiya Mehla, Ph.D., Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 987696 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, , Phone: 402.836.9117, FAX: 402-559-2813
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Pfrieger FW. Neurodegenerative Diseases and Cholesterol: Seeing the Field Through the Players. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:766587. [PMID: 34803658 PMCID: PMC8595328 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.766587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, namely Alzheimer’s (AD), Parkinson’s (PD), and Huntington’s disease (HD) together with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS), devastate millions of lives per year worldwide and impose an increasing socio-economic burden across nations. Consequently, these diseases occupy a considerable portion of biomedical research aiming to understand mechanisms of neurodegeneration and to develop efficient treatments. A potential culprit is cholesterol serving as an essential component of cellular membranes, as a cofactor of signaling pathways, and as a precursor for oxysterols and hormones. This article uncovers the workforce studying research on neurodegeneration and cholesterol using the TeamTree analysis. This new bibliometric approach reveals the history and dynamics of the teams and exposes key players based on citation-independent metrics. The team-centered view reveals the players on an important field of biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank W Pfrieger
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg, France
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Jurášek M, Valečka J, Novotný I, Kejík Z, Fähnrich J, Marešová A, Tauchen J, Bartůněk P, Dolenský B, Jakubek M, Drašar PB, Králová J. Synthesis and biological evaluation of cationic TopFluor cholesterol analogues. Bioorg Chem 2021; 117:105410. [PMID: 34700109 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol is not only a major component of the cell membrane, but also plays an important role in a wide range of biological processes and pathologies. It is therefore crucial to develop appropriate tools for visualizing intracellular cholesterol transport. Here, we describe new cationic analogues of BODIPY-Cholesterol (TopFluor-Cholesterol, TF-Chol), which combine a positive charge on the sterol side chain and a BODIPY group connected via a C-4 linker. In contrast to TF-Chol, the new analogues TF-1 and TF-3 possessing acetyl groups on the A ring (C-3 position on steroid) internalized much faster and displayed slightly different levels of intracellular localization. Their applicability for cholesterol monitoring was indicated by the fact that they strongly label compartments with accumulated cholesterol in cells carrying a mutation of the Niemann-Pick disease-associated cholesterol transporter, NPC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Jurášek
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Valečka
- Light microscopy core facility, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Novotný
- Light microscopy core facility, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Kejík
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Fähnrich
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Marešová
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Tauchen
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bartůněk
- CZ-OPENSCREEN, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Bohumil Dolenský
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Jakubek
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel B Drašar
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Králová
- CZ-OPENSCREEN, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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Xue Z, Wang W, Shen J, Zhang J, Zhang X, Liu X. A Patched-Like Protein PsPTL Is Not Essential for the Growth and Response to Various Stresses in Phytophthora sojae. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:673784. [PMID: 34690942 PMCID: PMC8530017 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.673784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Patched (Ptc) and Patched-related (Ptr) proteins containing sterol-sensing domains (SSD) and Patched domains are highly conserved in eukaryotes for lipid transport and metabolism. Four proteins containing predicted SSD and Patched domains were simultaneously found by searching the Phytophthora sojae genome database, and one of them was identified as a Patched-like (PTL) protein. Here, we investigated the biological function of PsPTL. The expression level of PsPTL was higher during mycelial and sporulation stages, compared to zoospore (ZO), cyst, and germinated-cyst stages, without significant change during infection. However, deletion of PsPTL using CRISPR/Cas9 had no significant effect on the growth, development, or virulence of P. sojae. Further investigations showed that PsPTL is not essential for P. sojae to cope with external stresses such as temperature, pH, oxidative and osmotic pressure. In addition, this gene did not appear to play an essential role in P. sojae’s response to exogenous sterols. The transcript levels of the other three proteins containing predicted SSD and Patched domains were also not significantly upregulated in PsPTL deletion transformants. Our studies demonstrated that PsPTL is not an essential protein for P. sojae under the tested conditions, and more in-depth research is required for revealing the potential functions of PsPTL under special conditions or in other signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolin Xue
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weizhen Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghuan Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xitao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xili Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Fan GH, Wei RL, Wei XY, Zhang CZ, Qi ZT, Xie HY, Zheng SS, Xu X. Key factors and potential drug combinations of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: Bioinformatic analysis and experimental validation-based study. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2021; 20:433-451. [PMID: 34233850 DOI: 10.1016/j.hbpd.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its advanced stage, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), are the major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other end-stage liver disease. However, the potential mechanism and therapeutic strategies have not been clarified. This study aimed to identify potential roles of miRNA/mRNA axis in the pathogenesis and drug combinations in the treatment of NASH. METHODS Microarray GSE59045 and GSE48452 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus and analyzed using R. Then we obtained differentially expressed genes (DE-genes). DAVID database was used for Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment pathway analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were used for the identification of hub genes. We found upstream regulators of hub genes using miRTarBase. The expression and correlation of key miRNA and its targets were detected by qPCR. Drug Pair Seeker was employed to predict drug combinations against NASH. The expression of miRNA and hub genes in HCC was identified in the Cancer Genome Atlas database and Human Protein Atlas database. RESULTS Ninety-four DE-genes were accessed. GO and KEGG analysis showed that these predicted genes were linked to lipid metabolism. Eleven genes were identified as hub genes in PPI networks, and they were highly expressed in cells with vigorous lipid metabolism. hsa-miR-335-5p was the upstream regulator of 9 genes in the 11 hub genes, and it was identified as a key miRNA. The hub genes were highly expressed in NASH models, while hsa-miR-335-5p was lowly expressed. The correlation of miRNA-mRNA was established by qPCR. Functional verification indicated that hsa-miR-335-5p had inhibitory effect on the development of NASH. Finally, drug combinations were predicted and the expression of miRNA and hub genes in HCC was identified. CONCLUSIONS In the study, potential miRNA-mRNA pathways related to NASH were identified. Targeting these pathways may be novel strategies against NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Han Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Rong-Li Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xu-Yong Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Chen-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Zhe-Tuo Qi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hai-Yang Xie
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shu-Sen Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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A Mendelian randomization study on the role of serum parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:1282-1290. [PMID: 33975017 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] have been demonstrated to be associated with pathogenesis and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to determine the potential causal relationship between serum PTH and 25(OH)D levels and risk of OA. DESIGN We applied the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to estimate the causal roles of serum PTH and 25(OH)D on OA. The instrumental variables for serum PTH and 25(OH)D were derived from two large genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which included 29,155 and 79,366 individuals, respectively. Summary-level data for overall, hip and knee OA were extracted from a GWAS meta-analysis, including 455,221 individuals. All participants included in this study were from the European population. RESULTS An inverse association was observed between serum PTH levels and risk of OA (random-effects: Effect = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.54 to 0.92; fixed-effects: Effect = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.82). Stratified by site, serum PTH levels were found to be inversely associated with knee OA (random-effects: Effect = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.41 to 0.68; fixed-effects: Effect = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.41 to 0.68). However, there was no evidence of the causal effect of serum 25(OH)D levels on OA. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates an inverse causal relationship between serum PTH concentrations and development of OA. Moreover, a site-specific association was also observed between serum PTH levels and knee OA. The potential mechanisms by which serum PTH affects OA need to be further investigated.
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Tuckey RC, Tang EKY, Chen YA, Slominski AT. Selective ability of rat 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) to act on some 7-Dehydrocholesterol metabolites but not on lumisterol metabolites. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 212:105929. [PMID: 34098080 PMCID: PMC8403650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7) catalyses the final step of cholesterol biosynthesis in the Kandutsch-Russel pathway, the reduction of 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) to cholesterol. 7DHC can be acted on by a range of other enzymes including CYP27A1 and CYP11A1, as well as by UVB radiation, producing a number of derivatives including hydroxy-metabolites, some of which retain the C7-C8 double bond and are biologically active. These metabolites include lumisterol (L3) which is a stereoisomer of 7DHC produced in the skin by UVB radiation of 7DHC, as well as vitamin D3. The aim of this study was to test whether these metabolites could act as substrates or inhibitors of DHCR7 in rat liver microsomes. To initially screen the ability of these metabolites to interact with the active site of DHCR7, their ability to inhibit the conversion of ergosterol to brassicasterol was measured. Sterols that significantly inhibited this reaction included 7DHC (as expected), 20S(OH)7DHC, 27(OH)DHC, 8DHC, 20S(OH)L3 and 22(OH)L3 but not 7-dehydropregnenolone (7DHP), 25(OH)7DHC, L3 or vitamin D3 and its hydroxyderivatives. Sterols that inhibited ergosterol reduction were directly tested as substrates for DHCR7. 20S(OH)7DHC, 27(OH)DHC and 7-dehydrodesmosterol were confirmed to be substrates, giving the expected product with the C7-C8 double bond removed. No products were observed from 8DHC or 20S(OH)L3 indicating that these sterols are inhibitors and not substrates of DHCR7. The resistance of lumisterol and 7DHP to reduction by DHCR7 in cells will permit other enzymes to metabolise these sterols to their active forms retaining the C7-C8 double bond, conferring specificity to their biological actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Tuckey
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Edith K Y Tang
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Yunzhi A Chen
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Andrzej T Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35249, USA; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cancer Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35249, USA; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, 35249, USA
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Vitamin D and the risk for cancer: A molecular analysis. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 196:114735. [PMID: 34411566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled overgrowth of cells, such as in cancer, is an unavoidable risk in life that affects nearly every second individual in industrialized countries. However, in part this risk can be controlled through lifestyle adjustments, such as the avoidance of smoking, unhealthy diet, obesity, physical inactivity and other cancer risk factors. A low vitaminD status is a risk in particular for cancers of colon, prostate, breast and leukocytes. VitaminD3 is produced non-enzymatically, when the cholesterol precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol is exposed to UV-B from sunlight, i.e., all cholesterol synthesizing species, including humans, can make vitaminD3. VitaminD endocrinology started some 550million years ago, when the metabolite 1α,25-dihydroxyvitaminD3 and the transcription factor vitaminD receptor teamed up for regulating the expression of hundreds of target genes in a multitude of different tissues and cell types. Initially, these genes were focused on the control of energy homeostasis, which later also involved energy-demanding innate and adaptive immunity. Rapidly growing cells of the immune system as well as those of malignant tumors rely on comparable genes and pathways, some of which are modulated by vitaminD. Accordingly, vitaminD has anti-cancer effects both directly via controling the differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis of neoplastic cells as well as indirectly through regulating immune cells that belong to the microenvironment of malignant tumors. This review discusses effects of vitaminD on the epigenome and transcriptome of stromal and tumor cells, inter-individual variations in vitaminD responsiveness and their relation to the prevention and possible therapy of cancer.
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Zhao F, Zhang M, Guo M, Duan M, Zheng J, Chen X, Liu Y, Qiu L. Effects of sublethal concentration of metamifop on hepatic lipid metabolism in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 238:105938. [PMID: 34416465 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metamifop (MET) is an effective herbicide that has been extensively used in paddy fields. Previous research demonstrated that MET was highly toxic to zebrafish embryos, and this threat has caused great concern; moreover, 0.40 mg/L MET elevated the hepatosomatic index (HSI) in adult zebrafish without lethal effect after 21 d of exposure. In this study, we further determined the detailed impacts of MET on adult zebrafish at sublethal concentrations (0.025, 0.10 and 0.40 mg/L). We found that 0.40 mg/L MET caused liver injury by increasing the activity of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in plasma, the content of interleukin-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and mRNA expression level of genes associated with inflammatory response in liver of adult zebrafish. The hepatic triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid and fatty acid synthase levels were significantly elevated in 0.40 mg/L MET-treated group (1.55-, 2.20- and 2.30-fold, respectively), and the transcript of lipid accumulation-related genes (fabp10, fas, acc, chrebp, dagt2 and agpat4) were upregulated. Meanwhile, the total cholesterol content was decreased by 0.48-fold, bile acid level was increased by 2.44-fold, and levels of cholesterol metabolism-related genes (apoa-1a, hmgcra, cyp51, dhcr7 and cyp7a1) were increased, suggesting cholesterol metabolism disorder occurred in zebrafish. Furthermore, analysis of lipidomics revealed that 0.40 mg/L MET significantly increased the abundance of 91 lipids, which mainly belonged to TG lipid class and were enriched in pathways of glycerolipid metabolism, cholesterol metabolism, etc. These results suggested that MET exposure at sublethal concentrations would induce hepatic inflammation and lipid metabolism disorders in adult zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhao
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mengna Zhang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mengyu Guo
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Manman Duan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junyue Zheng
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiangguang Chen
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yinchi Liu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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