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Hu Y, Chen J, Li J, Xu Z. Models for depression recognition and efficacy assessment based on clinical and sequencing data. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33973. [PMID: 39130405 PMCID: PMC11315137 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Major depression is a complex psychiatric disorder that includes genetic, neurological, and cognitive factors. Early detection and intervention can prevent progression, and help select the best treatment. Traditional clinical diagnosis tends to be subjective and misdiagnosed. Based on this, this study leverages clinical scale assessments and sequencing data to construct disease prediction models. Firstly, data undergoes preprocessing involving normalization and other requisite procedures. Feature engineering is then applied to curate subsets of features, culminating in the construction of a model through the implementation of machine learning and deep learning algorithms. In this study, 18 features with significant differences between patients and healthy controls were selected. The depression recognition model was constructed by deep learning with an accuracy of 87.26 % and an AUC of 91.56 %, which can effectively distinguish patients with depression from healthy controls. In addition, 33 features selected by recursive feature elimination method were used to construct a prognostic effect model of patients after 2 weeks of treatment, with an accuracy of 75.94 % and an AUC of 83.33 %. The results show that the deep learning algorithm based on clinical and sequencing data has good accuracy and provides an objective and accurate method for the diagnosis and pharmacodynamic prediction of depression. Furthermore, the selected differential features can serve as candidate biomarkers to provide valuable clues for diagnosis and efficacy prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Hu
- Key Laboratory of DGHD, MOE, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, 210096, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of DGHD, MOE, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, 210096, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of DGHD, MOE, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, 210096, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
- Research and Education Centre of General Practice, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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Dahrendorff J, Currier G, Uddin M. Leveraging DNA methylation to predict treatment response in major depressive disorder: A critical review. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2024:e32985. [PMID: 38650309 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating and prevalent mental disorder with a high disease burden. Despite a wide array of different treatment options, many patients do not respond to initial treatment attempts. Selection of the most appropriate treatment remains a significant clinical challenge in psychiatry, highlighting the need for the development of biomarkers with predictive utility. Recently, the epigenetic modification DNA methylation (DNAm) has emerged to be of great interest as a potential predictor of MDD treatment outcomes. Here, we review efforts to date that seek to identify DNAm signatures associated with treatment response in individuals with MDD. Searches were conducted in the databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science with the concepts and keywords MDD, DNAm, antidepressants, psychotherapy, cognitive behavior therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and brain stimulation therapies. We identified 32 studies implicating DNAm patterns associated with MDD treatment outcomes. The majority of studies (N = 25) are focused on selected target genes exploring treatment outcomes in pharmacological treatments (N = 22) with a few studies assessing treatment response to electroconvulsive therapy (N = 3). Additionally, there are few genome-scale efforts (N = 7) to characterize DNAm patterns associated with treatment outcomes. There is a relative dearth of studies investigating DNAm patterns in relation to psychotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy, or transcranial magnetic stimulation; importantly, most existing studies have limited sample sizes. Given the heterogeneity in both methods and results of studies to date, there is a need for additional studies before existing findings can inform clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dahrendorff
- Genomics Program, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Glenn Currier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Monica Uddin
- Genomics Program, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Yuan M, Yang B, Rothschild G, Mann JJ, Sanford LD, Tang X, Huang C, Wang C, Zhang W. Epigenetic regulation in major depression and other stress-related disorders: molecular mechanisms, clinical relevance and therapeutic potential. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:309. [PMID: 37644009 PMCID: PMC10465587 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01519-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic, generally episodic and debilitating disease that affects an estimated 300 million people worldwide, but its pathogenesis is poorly understood. The heritability estimate of MDD is 30-40%, suggesting that genetics alone do not account for most of the risk of major depression. Another factor known to associate with MDD involves environmental stressors such as childhood adversity and recent life stress. Recent studies have emerged to show that the biological impact of environmental factors in MDD and other stress-related disorders is mediated by a variety of epigenetic modifications. These epigenetic modification alterations contribute to abnormal neuroendocrine responses, neuroplasticity impairment, neurotransmission and neuroglia dysfunction, which are involved in the pathophysiology of MDD. Furthermore, epigenetic marks have been associated with the diagnosis and treatment of MDD. The evaluation of epigenetic modifications holds promise for further understanding of the heterogeneous etiology and complex phenotypes of MDD, and may identify new therapeutic targets. Here, we review preclinical and clinical epigenetic findings, including DNA methylation, histone modification, noncoding RNA, RNA modification, and chromatin remodeling factor in MDD. In addition, we elaborate on the contribution of these epigenetic mechanisms to the pathological trait variability in depression and discuss how such mechanisms can be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minlan Yuan
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Biao Yang
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Gerson Rothschild
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - J John Mann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Larry D Sanford
- Sleep Research Laboratory, Center for Integrative Neuroscience and Inflammatory Diseases, Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Xiangdong Tang
- Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Mental Health Center, Translational Neuroscience Center, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Canhua Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, and Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology in School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Medical Big Data Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Paoli C, Misztak P, Mazzini G, Musazzi L. DNA Methylation in Depression and Depressive-Like Phenotype: Biomarker or Target of Pharmacological Intervention? Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:2267-2291. [PMID: 35105292 PMCID: PMC9890294 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220201084536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder, the third leading global cause of disability. Regarding aetiopathogenetic mechanisms involved in the onset of depressive disorders, the interaction between genetic vulnerability traits and environmental factors is believed to play a major role. Although much is still to be elucidated about the mechanisms through which the environment can interact with genetic background shaping the disease risk, there is a general agreement about a key role of epigenetic marking. In this narrative review, we focused on the association between changes in DNA methylation patterns and MDD or depressive-like phenotype in animal models, as well as mechanisms of response to antidepressant drugs. We discussed studies presenting DNA methylation changes at specific genes of interest and profiling analyses in both patients and animal models of depression. Overall, we collected evidence showing that DNA methylation could not only be considered as a promising epigenetic biomarker of pathology but could also help in predicting antidepressant treatment efficacy. Finally, we discussed the hypothesis that specific changes in DNA methylation signature could play a role in aetiopathogenetic processes as well as in the induction of antidepressant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Paoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Paulina Misztak
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Giulia Mazzini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Laura Musazzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
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Wang T, Li L, Yue Y, Liu X, Chen S, Shen T, Xu Z, Yuan Y. The interaction of P11 methylation and early-life stress impacts the antidepressant response in patients with major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2022; 312:128-135. [PMID: 35752218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present research investigates the influence of P11 gene DNA methylation combined with life stress on the response to antidepressants in the first two weeks. METHODS A total of 291 Han Chinese patients with major depressive disorder and 100 healthy controls were included. The Life Events Scale and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire were used to assess stress. The primary endpoint was the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 reduction rate after two weeks of treatment. The Illumina HiSeq Platform was used to detect the methylation of 74 CpG sites of the P11 gene in peripheral blood samples. RESULTS The mean methylation of all P11 CpG sites, as well as the methylation at 4 CpG sites (P11-2-169, P11-2-192, P11-2-202, P11-2-204), were significantly higher in patients with MDD than in healthy controls (FDR-corrected P < 0.05). The response to antidepressants was associated with the following interactions: the CTQ score and P11-3-185 site methylation (OR = 0.297, FDR-corrected P = 0.023), the CTQ physical neglect score and P11-2-117 site methylation (OR = 0.005, FDR-corrected P = 0.033), and the CTQ emotional abuse score and P11-3-185 site methylation (OR = 0.001, FDR-corrected P = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS The methylation of the P11 gene was significantly higher in patients with major depressive disorder. The interaction of P11 DNA methylation and early-life stress may influence the short-term antidepressant treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Wang
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Department of Sleep Medicine, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, PR China
| | - Yingying Yue
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Suzhen Chen
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Tian Shen
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast university, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Gao C, Xu Z, Tan T, Chen Z, Shen T, Chen L, Tan H, Chen B, Zhang Z, Yuan Y. Combination of spontaneous regional brain activity and HTR1A/1B DNA methylation to predict early responses to antidepressant treatments in MDD. J Affect Disord 2022; 302:249-257. [PMID: 35092755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antidepressant medications are suggested as the first-line treatment in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the drug therapy outcomes vary from person to person. The functional activity of the brain and DNA methylation levels correlate with the antidepressant efficacy. To predict the early antidepressant responses in MDD and establish the prediction framework, we aimed to apply multidimensional data based on the resting-state activity of the brain and HTR1A/1B methylation. METHODS The values of Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) were measured as variables in 116 brain regions along with 181 CpG sites in the promoter region of HTR1A/1B and 11 clinical characteristics. After performing the feature reduction step using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method, the selected variables were put into Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Naïve Bayes (NB), and logistic regression (LR), consecutively, to construct the prediction models. The models' performance was evaluated by the Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation. RESULTS The LR model composed of the selected multidimensional features reached a maximum performance of 78.57% accuracy and 0.8340 area under the ROC curve (AUC). The prediction accuracies based on multidimensional datasets were found to be higher than those obtained from the data based only on fMRI or methylation. LIMITATIONS A relatively small sample size potentially restricted the usage of our prediction framework in clinical applications. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that combining the data of brain imaging and DNA methylation could provide a complementary effect in predicting early-stage antidepressant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjie Gao
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhi Xu
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Tingting Tan
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zimu Chen
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tian Shen
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Wuxi Mental Health Center, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214123, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210018, China
| | - Haiping Tan
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bingwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Xu Z, Chen Z, Shen T, Chen L, Tan T, Gao C, Chen B, Yuan Y, Zhang Z. The impact of HTR1A and HTR1B methylation combined with stress/genotype on early antidepressant efficacy. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 76:51-57. [PMID: 34773671 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Antidepressants are effective in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), while many patients fail to respond to antidepressants. Both 5-HT1A (HTR1A) and 5-HT1B (HTR1B) receptors play an important role in antidepressant activity. Meanwhile, DNA methylation is associated with MDD and antidepressant efficacy. In this study we investigate the influence of HTR1A and HTR1B methylation combined with stress/genotype on antidepressant efficacy. METHODS A total of 291 MDD patients and 100 healthy controls received the Life Events Scale (LES) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) as stress assessment. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of HTR1A and HTR1B involved in antidepressant mechanisms were tested. Methylation status in 181 cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites of HTR1A and HTR1B were assessed. All MDD patients were divided into response (RES) and non-response (NRES) after 2 weeks of antidepressant treatment. Logistic regression was conducted for interactions between methylation, NLES/CTQ score and genotype. RESULTS Low HTR1A-2-143 methylation is connected with better antidepressant efficacy in subgroup. Low HTR1A-2-143 methylation combined with low CTQ score is related to better antidepressant efficacy. The interaction between high HTR1B methylation with the rs6298 AA/AG genotype affects better antidepressant efficacy. CONCLUSIONS HTR1A and HTR1B methylation combined with stress/genotype is associated with antidepressant efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xu
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zimu Chen
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Shen
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingting Tan
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenjie Gao
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonggui Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychiatry, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Ruan X, Fang S, Zheng Q, Qi S, Tian Y, Ren W. The Association between 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 1B rs13212041 Polymorphism and Trait Anxiety in Chinese Han College Subjects. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11090882. [PMID: 34575031 PMCID: PMC8468159 DOI: 10.3390/life11090882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trait anxiety is a vulnerable personality factor for anxiety and depression. High levels of trait anxiety confer an elevated risk for the development of anxiety and other psychiatric disorders. There is evidence that 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B (5-HT1B) gene polymorphisms play an important role in emotional disorders. Genotyping for four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) (rs11568817, rs130058, rs6297, and rs13212041) was conducted for 388 high trait anxious (HTA) individuals and 463 low traitanxious (LTA) individuals in Chinese Han college subjects. The results showed that the frequencies of the C-allele and TC + CC genotype of rs13212041 in the LTA individuals were higher than that in the HTA individuals (p = 0.025 and p = 0.014, respectively). Both the C-allele and TC + CC genotype were associated with trait anxiety decreasing (OR = 0.771 and OR = 0.71, respectively). Furthermore, different gene model analysis also showed that the C allele was a protective factor for trait anxiety in Chinese Han college subjects. These findings suggest that 5-HT1B rs13212014 may play a role in trait anxiety among China Han college subjects. The rs13212014 polymorphism may be involved in decreasing the risk of trait anxiety. These results also provide a novel insight into the molecular mechanism underlying trait anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710062, China;
| | - Suwen Fang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (S.F.); (Q.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Qi Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (S.F.); (Q.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Senqing Qi
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (S.F.); (Q.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Yingfang Tian
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710062, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.T.); (W.R.)
| | - Wei Ren
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710062, China;
- Correspondence: (Y.T.); (W.R.)
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Zhou J, Li M, Wang X, He Y, Xia Y, Sweeney JA, Kopp RF, Liu C, Chen C. Drug Response-Related DNA Methylation Changes in Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:674273. [PMID: 34054421 PMCID: PMC8155631 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.674273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacotherapy is the most common treatment for schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). Pharmacogenetic studies have achieved results with limited clinical utility. DNA methylation (DNAm), an epigenetic modification, has been proposed to be involved in both the pathology and drug treatment of these disorders. Emerging data indicates that DNAm could be used as a predictor of drug response for psychiatric disorders. In this study, we performed a systematic review to evaluate the reproducibility of published changes of drug response-related DNAm in SCZ, BD and MDD. A total of 37 publications were included. Since the studies involved patients of different treatment stages, we partitioned them into three groups based on their primary focuses: (1) medication-induced DNAm changes (n = 8); (2) the relationship between DNAm and clinical improvement (n = 24); and (3) comparison of DNAm status across different medications (n = 14). We found that only BDNF was consistent with the DNAm changes detected in four independent studies for MDD. It was positively correlated with clinical improvement in MDD. To develop better predictive DNAm factors for drug response, we also discussed future research strategies, including experimental, analytical procedures and statistical criteria. Our review shows promising possibilities for using BDNF DNAm as a predictor of antidepressant treatment response for MDD, while more pharmacoepigenetic studies are needed for treatments of various diseases. Future research should take advantage of a system-wide analysis with a strict and standard analytical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhou
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Miao Li
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuwen He
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - John A. Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Richard F. Kopp
- Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - Chao Chen
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Martinez-Pinteño A, Rodriguez N, Blázquez A, Plana MT, Varela E, Gassó P, Lafuente A, Lazaro L, Mas S. DNA Methylation of Fluoxetine Response in Child and Adolescence: Preliminary Results. PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE 2021; 14:459-467. [PMID: 33907441 PMCID: PMC8064712 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s289480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The search for predictors of antidepressant response is gaining increasing attention, with epigenetic markers attracting a great deal of interest. We performed a genome-wide study assessing baseline differences in DNA methylation between Responders and Non-Responders. Patients and Methods Twenty-two children and adolescents, receiving fluoxetine treatment for the first time, were classified as Responders or Non-Responders according to CGI-I score after 8 weeks of fluoxetine treatment. Genome-wide DNA methylation was profiled using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip Kit and analyzed using the Chip Analysis Methylation Pipeline (ChAMP). Results We identified 21 CpG sites significantly (FDR<0.05) associated with fluoxetine response that showed meaningful differences (Δβ> ±0.2) in methylation level between Responders and Non-Responders. Two genes, RHOJ (Ras Homolog Family Member J) and OR2L13 (Olfactory Receptor family 2 subfamily L member 13), presented more than one significant CpG sites. Conclusion Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex phenotype of antidepressant response, indicating that methylation at specific genes could be a promising biomarker that needs further replication in large cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Martinez-Pinteño
- Department of Basic Clinal Practice, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodriguez
- Department of Basic Clinal Practice, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Blázquez
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Plana
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Varela
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- Department of Basic Clinal Practice, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience Area, The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- Department of Basic Clinal Practice, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience Area, The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,G04 Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luisa Lazaro
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience Area, The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,G04 Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Department of Basic Clinal Practice, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Clinical and Experimental Neuroscience Area, The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,G04 Group, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Nozari A, Do S, Trudeau VL. Applications of the SR4G Transgenic Zebrafish Line for Biomonitoring of Stress-Disrupting Compounds: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:727777. [PMID: 34867778 PMCID: PMC8635770 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.727777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgenic zebrafish models have been successfully used in biomonitoring and risk assessment studies of environmental pollutants, including xenoestrogens, pesticides, and heavy metals. We employed zebrafish larva (transgenic SR4G line) with a cortisol-inducible green fluorescence protein reporter (eGFP) as a model to detect stress responses upon exposure to compounds with environmental impact, including bisphenol A (BPA), vinclozolin (VIN), and fluoxetine (FLX). Cortisol, fluorescence signal, and mRNA levels of eGFP and 11 targeted genes were measured in a homogenized pool of zebrafish larvae, with six experimental replicates for each endpoint. Eleven targeted genes were selected according to their association with stress-axis and immediate early response class of genes. Hydrocortisone (CORT)and dexamethasone (DEX) were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. All measurements were done in two unstressed and stressed condition using standardized net handling as the stressor. A significant positive linear correlation between cortisol levels and eGFP mRNA levels was observed (r> 0.9). Based on eGFP mRNA levels in unstressed and stressed larvae two predictive models were trained (Random Forest and Logistic Regression). Both these models could correctly predict the blunted stress response upon exposure to BPA, VIN, FLX and the negative control, DEX. The negative predictive value (NPV) of these models were 100%. Similar NPV was observed when the predictive models trained based on the mRNA levels of the eleven assessed genes. Measurement of whole-body fluorescence intensity signal was not significant to detect blunted stress response. Our findings support the use of SR4G transgenic larvae as an in vivo biomonitoring model to screen chemicals for their stress-disrupting potentials. This is important because there is increasing evidence that brief exposures to environmental pollutants modify the stress response and critical coping behaviors for several generations.
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12
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Xia X, Ding M, Xuan JF, Xing JX, Yao J, Wu X, Wang BJ. Functional polymorphisms and transcriptional analysis in the 5' region of the human serotonin receptor 1B gene (HTR1B) and their associations with psychiatric disorders. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:499. [PMID: 33036580 PMCID: PMC7545834 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02906-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor (5-HT1B) plays an essential role in the serotonin (5-HT) system and is widely involved in a variety of brain activities. HTR1B is the gene encoding 5-HT1B. Genome-wide association studies have shown that HTR1B polymorphisms are closely related to multiple mental and behavioral disorders; however, the functional mechanisms underlying these associations are unknown. This study investigated the effect of several HTR1B haplotypes on regulation of gene expression in vitro and the functional sequences in the 5' regulatory region of HTR1B to determine their potential association with mental and behavioral disorders. METHODS Six haplotypes consisting of rs4140535, rs1778258, rs17273700, rs1228814, rs11568817, and rs130058 and several truncated fragments of the 5' regulatory region of HTR1B were transfected into SK-N-SH and HEK-293 cells. The relative fluorescence intensities of the different haplotypes and truncated fragments were detected using a dual-luciferase reporter assay system. RESULTS Compared to the major haplotype T-G-T-C-T-A, the relative fluorescence intensities of haplotypes C-A-T-C-T-A, C-G-T-C-T-A, C-G-C-A-G-T, and C-G-T-A-T-A were significantly lower, and that of haplotype C-G-C-A-G-A was significantly higher. Furthermore, the effects of the rs4140535T allele, the rs17273700C-rs11568817G linkage combination, and the rs1228814A allele made their relative fluorescence intensities significantly higher than their counterparts at each locus. Conversely, the rs1778258A and rs130058T alleles decreased the relative fluorescence intensities. In addition, we found that regions from - 1587 to - 1371 bp (TSS, + 1), - 1149 to - 894 bp, - 39 to + 130 bp, + 130 to + 341 bp, and + 341 to + 505 bp upregulated gene expression. In contrast, regions - 603 to - 316 bp and + 130 to + 341 bp downregulated gene expression. Region + 341 to + 505 bp played a decisive role in gene transcription. CONCLUSIONS HTR1B 5' regulatory region polymorphisms have regulatory effects on gene expression and potential correlate with several pathology and physiology conditions. This study suggests that a crucial sequence for transcription is located in region + 341 ~ + 505 bp. Regions - 1587 to - 1371 bp, - 1149 to - 894 bp, - 603 to - 316 bp, - 39 to + 130 bp, and + 130 to + 341 bp contain functional sequences that can promote or suppress the HTR1B gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Xia
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122 China
| | - Mei Ding
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122 China
| | - Jin-feng Xuan
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122 China
| | - Jia-xin Xing
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122 China
| | - Jun Yao
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122 China
| | - Xue Wu
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122 China
| | - Bao-jie Wang
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110122 China
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13
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Du D, Tang Q, Han Q, Zhang J, Liang X, Tan Y, Liu K, Xiang B. Association between genetic polymorphism and antidepressants in major depression: a network meta-analysis. Pharmacogenomics 2020; 21:963-974. [PMID: 32819202 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2020-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This network meta-analysis was conducted to compare the predictive value of eight SNPs on the efficacy of antidepressants in major depressive disorder (MDD), including 5-HTTLPR, 5HTR2A (rs6311, rs6314, rs7997012 and rs6313), 5HTR2A (rs6295), BDNF (rs6265) and 5HTTSTin2. Databases were searched for related studies published up to December 2019. A total of 16 studies were included in this study. The predictive value were evaluated by the use of the odd ratios (OR) and drawing surface under the cumulative ranking curves (SUCRA). The pairwise meta-analysis indicated that in terms of overall response ratio, the SNPs were not associated with the efficacy of antidepressants in MDD. The result of this network meta-analysis suggested that there was no significant difference in predictive value of eight SNPs on the efficacy of antidepressants in MDD. More research is needed to explore the relationship between SNPs and antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Du
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Neurological Diseases & Brain Function, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Neurological Diseases & Brain Function, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiong Han
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Neurological Diseases & Brain Function, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.,Zigong Mental Health Research Center & Institute on Aging at Zigong, Zigong, 643020, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xuemei Liang
- Geriatrics Department, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Youguo Tan
- Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, 643020, Sichuan Province, China.,Zigong Mental Health Research Center & Institute on Aging at Zigong, Zigong, 643020, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Kezhi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Neurological Diseases & Brain Function, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Neurological Diseases & Brain Function, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.,Zigong Mental Health Research Center & Institute on Aging at Zigong, Zigong, 643020, Sichuan Province, China
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14
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Shanthikumar S, Neeland MR, Maksimovic J, Ranganathan SC, Saffery R. DNA methylation biomarkers of future health outcomes in children. Mol Cell Pediatr 2020; 7:7. [PMID: 32642955 PMCID: PMC7343681 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-020-00099-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers which predict future health outcomes are key to the goals of precision health. Such biomarkers do not have to be involved in the causal pathway of a disease, and their performance is best assessed using statistical tests of clinical performance and evaluation of net health impact. DNA methylation is the most commonly studied epigenetic process and represents a potential biomarker of future health outcomes. We review 25 studies in non-oncological paediatric conditions where DNA methylation biomarkers of future health outcomes are assessed. Whilst a number of positive findings have been described, the body of evidence is severely limited by issues with outcome measures, tissue-specific samples, accounting for sample cell type heterogeneity, lack of appropriate statistical testing, small effect sizes, limited validation, and no assessment of net health impact. Future studies should concentrate on careful study design to overcome these issues, and integration of DNA methylation data with other 'omic', clinical, and environmental data to generate the most clinically useful biomarkers of paediatric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivanthan Shanthikumar
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia. .,Respiratory Diseases, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia. .,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Melanie R Neeland
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jovana Maksimovic
- Respiratory Diseases, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Computational Biology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sarath C Ranganathan
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Respiratory Diseases, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Epigenetics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
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15
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The Relationship between DNA Methylation and Antidepressant Medications: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030826. [PMID: 32012861 PMCID: PMC7037192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of disability worldwide and is associated with high rates of suicide and medical comorbidities. Current antidepressant medications are suboptimal, as most MDD patients fail to achieve complete remission from symptoms. At present, clinicians are unable to predict which antidepressant is most effective for a particular patient, exposing patients to multiple medication trials and side effects. Since MDD’s etiology includes interactions between genes and environment, the epigenome is of interest for predictive utility and treatment monitoring. Epigenetic mechanisms of antidepressant medications are incompletely understood. Differences in epigenetic profiles may impact treatment response. A systematic literature search yielded 24 studies reporting the interaction between antidepressants and eight genes (BDNF, MAOA, SLC6A2, SLC6A4, HTR1A, HTR1B, IL6, IL11) and whole genome methylation. Methylation of certain sites within BDNF, SLC6A4, HTR1A, HTR1B, IL11, and the whole genome was predictive of antidepressant response. Comparing DNA methylation in patients during depressive episodes, during treatment, in remission, and after antidepressant cessation would help clarify the influence of antidepressant medications on DNA methylation. Individuals’ unique methylation profiles may be used clinically for personalization of antidepressant choice in the future.
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16
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Xin J, Yuan M, Peng Y, Wang J. Analysis of the Deleterious Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated With Antidepressant Efficacy in Major Depressive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:151. [PMID: 32256400 PMCID: PMC7093583 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious mental disease with negative effects on both mental and physical health of the patient. Currently, antidepressants are among the major ways to ease or treat MDD. However, the existing antidepressants have limited efficacy in treating MDD, with a large fraction of patients either responding inadequately or differently to antidepressants during the treatment. Pharmacogenetics studies have found that the genetic features of some genes are associated with the antidepressant efficacy. In order to obtain a better understanding on the relationship between the genetic factors and antidepressant treatment response, we compiled a list of 233 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly associated with the antidepressant efficacy in treating MDD. Of the 13 non-synonymous SNPs in the list, three (rs1065852, rs3810651, and rs117986340) may influence the structures and function of the corresponding proteins. Besides, the influence of rs1065852 on the structure of CYP2D6 was further investigated via molecular dynamics simulations. Our results showed that compared to the native CYP2D6 the flexibility of the F-G loop was reduced in the mutant. As a portion of the substrate access channel, the lower flexibility of F-G loop may reduce the ability of the substrates to enter the channel, which may be the reason for the lower enzyme activity of mutant. This study may help us to understand the impact of genetic variation on antidepressant efficacy and provide clues for developing new antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncai Xin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yonglin Peng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ju Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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17
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Tomasi J, Lisoway AJ, Zai CC, Harripaul R, Müller DJ, Zai GCM, McCabe RE, Richter MA, Kennedy JL, Tiwari AK. Towards precision medicine in generalized anxiety disorder: Review of genetics and pharmaco(epi)genetics. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 119:33-47. [PMID: 31563039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent and chronic mental disorder that elicits widespread functional impairment. Given the high degree of non-response/partial response among patients with GAD to available pharmacological treatments, there is a strong need for novel approaches that can optimize outcomes, and lead to medications that are safer and more effective. Although investigations have identified interesting targets predicting treatment response through pharmacogenetics (PGx), pharmaco-epigenetics, and neuroimaging methods, these studies are often solitary, not replicated, and carry several limitations. This review provides an overview of the current status of GAD genetics and PGx and presents potential strategies to improve treatment response by combining better phenotyping with PGx and improved analytical methods. These strategies carry the dual benefit of delivering data on biomarkers of treatment response as well as pointing to disease mechanisms through the biology of the markers associated with response. Overall, these efforts can serve to identify clinical, genetic, and epigenetic factors that can be incorporated into a pharmaco(epi)genetic test that may ultimately improve treatment response and reduce the socioeconomic burden of GAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Tomasi
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amanda J Lisoway
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clement C Zai
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ricardo Harripaul
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Molecular Neuropsychiatry & Development (MiND) Lab, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gwyneth C M Zai
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; General Adult Psychiatry and Health Systems Division, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Randi E McCabe
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Margaret A Richter
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Frederick W. Thompson Anxiety Disorders Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James L Kennedy
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arun K Tiwari
- Molecular Brain Science Department, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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18
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Ramsey LB, Bishop JR, Strawn JR. Pharmacogenetics of treating pediatric anxiety and depression. Pharmacogenomics 2019; 20:867-870. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2019-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura B Ramsey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Divisions of Research in Patient Services & Clinical Pharmacology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Bishop
- Department of Experimental & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Strawn
- Anxiety Disorders Research Program, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 452196, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
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19
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Maruf AA, Greenslade A, Arnold PD, Bousman C. Antidepressant pharmacogenetics in children and young adults: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2019; 254:98-108. [PMID: 31112844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Antidepressants are frequently prescribed and are the first-line pharmacological treatments for psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. Although antidepressants are generally effective and well-tolerated by children, between 31% to 48% will not respond and up to 25% will experience an adverse drug reaction. Evidence from adult populations suggests pharmacogenetic information can assist with identifying individuals at greatest risk for poor response or adverse drug reactions but the evidence base in pediatric populations is less clear. METHOD We systematically identified, reviewed, and critically evaluated the antidepressant pharmacogenetics literature among children and adolescents using standardized tools and consensus criteria. RESULTS We identified 24 studies, most of which were of fair to moderate quality. Collectively, the studies identified 25 significant gene-antidepressant associations involving 10 genes (ABCB1, BDNF, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, FKBP5, GNB3, HTR1B, HTR2A, SLC6A4, TPH2) and nine antidepressants (amitriptyline, citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, nortriptyline, paroxetine, sertraline, and venlafaxine). None of the identified associations have been independently replicated in children. LIMITATIONS Included studies were heterogenous in terms of study design, genes and drugs assessed, and outcomes measured. CONCLUSION The antidepressant pharmacogenetics knowledge base in pediatric populations is still emerging, but results to date echo many of the gene-antidepressant associations identified in adult populations. Given ubiquitous prescribing of antidepressants in the care of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders, further research on identifying new and confirming current gene-antidepressant associations are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Maruf
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Univeristy of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Alexandra Greenslade
- Department of Kinesiology, Cumming School of Medicine, Univeristy of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Paul D Arnold
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Univeristy of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, Univeristy of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, Univeristy of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Chad Bousman
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Univeristy of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, Univeristy of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, Univeristy of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, Univeristy of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, Univeristy of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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20
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Hack LM, Fries GR, Eyre HA, Bousman CA, Singh AB, Quevedo J, John VP, Baune BT, Dunlop BW. Moving pharmacoepigenetics tools for depression toward clinical use. J Affect Disord 2019; 249:336-346. [PMID: 30802699 PMCID: PMC6763314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, and over half of patients do not achieve symptom remission following an initial antidepressant course. Despite evidence implicating a strong genetic basis for the pathophysiology of MDD, there are no adequately validated biomarkers of treatment response routinely used in clinical practice. Pharmacoepigenetics is an emerging field that has the potential to combine both genetic and environmental information into treatment selection and further the goal of precision psychiatry. However, this field is in its infancy compared to the more established pharmacogenetics approaches. METHODS We prepared a narrative review using literature searches of studies in English pertaining to pharmacoepigenetics and treatment of depressive disorders conducted in PubMed, Google Scholar, PsychINFO, and Ovid Medicine from inception through January 2019. We reviewed studies of DNA methylation and histone modifications in both humans and animal models of depression. RESULTS Emerging evidence from human and animal work suggests a key role for epigenetic marks, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, in the prediction of antidepressant response. The challenges of heterogeneity of patient characteristics and loci studied as well as lack of replication that have impacted the field of pharmacogenetics also pose challenges to the development of pharmacoepigenetic tools. Additionally, given the tissue specific nature of epigenetic marks as well as their susceptibility to change in response to environmental factors and aging, pharmacoepigenetic tools face additional challenges to their development. LIMITATIONS This is a narrative and not systematic review of the literature on the pharmacoepigenetics of antidepressant response. We highlight key studies pertaining to pharmacoepigenetics and treatment of depressive disorders in humans and depressive-like behaviors in animal models, regardless of sample size or methodology. While we discuss DNA methylation and histone modifications, we do not cover microRNAs, which have been reviewed elsewhere recently. CONCLUSIONS Utilization of genome-wide approaches and reproducible epigenetic assays, careful selection of the tissue assessed, and integration of genetic and clinical information into pharmacoepigenetic tools will improve the likelihood of developing clinically useful tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Hack
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - Gabriel R Fries
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Harris A Eyre
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, 401 Quarry Road, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Innovation Institute, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; IMPACT SRC, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chad A Bousman
- Departments of Medical Genetics, Psychiatry, Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ajeet B Singh
- IMPACT SRC, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joao Quevedo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vineeth P John
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bernhard T Baune
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Boadie W Dunlop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Boloc D, Mas S, Rodriguez N, Ortiz AE, Morer A, Plana MT, Lafuente A, Lazaro L, Gassó P. Genetic Associations of Serotoninergic and GABAergic Genes in an Extended Collection of Early-Onset Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Trios. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2019; 29:152-157. [PMID: 30351181 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2018.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder whose etiology includes important genetic contributions. In a previous transmission disequilibrium study in which 75 complete trios were included, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in serotoninergic and GABAergic genes were associated with early-onset OCD. Our aim was to assess those findings in an extended collection of early-onset OCD trios. METHODS A transmission disequilibrium test for SNPs in HTR1B (rs2000292), SLC18A1 (rs6586896), GAD1 (rs3791860), and GAD2 (rs8190748) was performed in a total of 101 early-onset OCD trios, from which 26 trios were newly recruited for the purpose of the present analysis. RESULTS All the SNPs were overtransmitted from parents to OCD probands (p < 0.012, significant after Bonferroni correction). CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with the previous findings and constitute more evidence of the role of genetic factors related to serotoninergic and GABAergic pathways in the pathophysiology of early-onset OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Boloc
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- 2 Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain .,3 Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona, Spain .,4 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodriguez
- 2 Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana E Ortiz
- 5 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences , Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Astrid Morer
- 3 Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona, Spain .,4 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona, Spain .,5 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences , Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain .,6 Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Plana
- 5 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences , Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- 2 Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain .,3 Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona, Spain .,4 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luisa Lazaro
- 3 Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona, Spain .,4 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona, Spain .,5 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences , Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain .,6 Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- 2 Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain .,3 Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Gassó P, Blázquez A, Rodríguez N, Boloc D, Torres T, Mas S, Lafuente A, Lázaro L. Further Support for the Involvement of Genetic Variants Related to the Serotonergic Pathway in the Antidepressant Response in Children and Adolescents After a 12-Month Follow-Up: Impact of the HTR2A rs7997012 Polymorphism. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2018; 28:711-718. [PMID: 29975559 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2018.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Fluoxetine is an effective and well-tolerated pharmacological treatment for children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, a high percentage of patients do not respond. There is a substantial genetic contribution to this variable clinical outcome. Based on previous genetic results of our group and given the lack of pharmacogenetics studies of antidepressant response with a long follow-up period, we evaluated the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to the serotonergic pathway on remission and recovery in children and adolescents diagnosed with MDD after 12 months of initiating fluoxetine treatment. Methods: The assessment was performed in 46 patients. All of them were visited at least once a month during the 12-month follow-up. Psychiatrists interviewed patients and their parents to explore clinical improvement. A total of 75 genotyped SNPs in 10 candidate genes were included in the genetic association analysis with remission and recovery. Bonferroni correction for multiple testing was applied to avoid false positive results. Results: The HTR2A rs7997012 SNP was significantly associated after Bonferroni correction with clinical improvement. Particularly, the homozygotes for the major allele (GG) showed the highest percentage of remitters and the highest score reductions on the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) scale. Moreover, although the results were on the border of statistical significance, the GG homozygotes also tended to experience fewer readmissions during the follow-up period Conclusions: These results provide more evidence of the involvement of genetic variants related to the serotonergic pathway in the antidepressant response. Studies with larger cohorts are needed to integrate all relevant variants into clinical predictors of antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gassó
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Blázquez
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodríguez
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Boloc
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Torres
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luisa Lázaro
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
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Wang P, Zhang C, Lv Q, Bao C, Sun H, Ma G, Fang Y, Yi Z, Cai W. Association of DNA methylation in BDNF with escitalopram treatment response in depressed Chinese Han patients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 74:1011-1020. [PMID: 29748862 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-018-2463-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been found to be associated with both the pathophysiology of depression and antidepressants response. Gene expression differences were partly mediated by SNP, which might be identified as a predictor of antidepressant response. In the present study, we attempt to identify whether DNA methylation, another factor known to affect gene transcription, might also predict antidepressant response. METHODS A total of 85 depressed Chinese Han patients were followed-up 8 weeks after initiating escitalopram treatment. Treatment response was assessed by changes in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 (HAMD-17) score. The Life Events Scale (LES) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were utilized as the assessment of previous life stress. The bisulfate sequencing was used to assess DNA methylation. Four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the BDNF gene were genotyped using PCR-RFLP or PCR sequencing. RESULTS We identified a DNA methylation predictor (P = 0.006-0.036) and a DNA methylation by LES interaction predictor (OR = 1.442 [1.057-1.968], P = 0.021) of general antidepressant treatment response. Lower mean BDNF DNA methylation was associated with impaired antidepressant response. Furthermore, the present data indicated that age, life stress, and SNPs genotype might be likely related to DNA methylation status. Average DNA methylation of BDNF at baseline was significantly lower than that at endpoint after 8 weeks of escitalopram treatment, which was based only on a subset of cases (n = 44). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that BDNF DNA hypomethylation and its interaction with lower LES score might result in impaired antidepressant treatment response. The pharmacoepigenetic study could eventually help in finding epigenetic biomarkers of antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuizhen Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyu Lv
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wanping Rd, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenxi Bao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wanping Rd, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiru Fang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wanping Rd, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghui Yi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wanping Rd, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weimin Cai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Rd, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
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24
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HTR1A/1B DNA methylation may predict escitalopram treatment response in depressed Chinese Han patients. J Affect Disord 2018; 228:222-228. [PMID: 29275155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The serotonin receptor 1A and 1B (HTR1A/1B) gene have been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and the antidepressant treatment response. Gene expression differences were partly mediated by genetic polymorphism and DNA methylation which might be affected by environmental factors. In the present study, we attempt to identify whether HTR1A/1B DNA methylation and genetic polymorphism could predict antidepressant treatment response. METHODS 85 Chinese Han MDD patients were clinically assessed 8 weeks after of initiating escitalopram treatment for the first time. Antidepressant treatment response was assessed by changes in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 items (HAMD-17) score. The Life Events Scale (LES) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were utilized as the assessment of previous life stress. The Illumina HiSeq platform was used to assess DNA methylation at 96 CpG sites located in HTR1A and HTR1B gene promoter regions. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (HTR1A rs6294, rs116985176; HTR1B rs6296, rs6298, rs1228814, rs1778258) were genotype by using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) or PCR sequencing. Regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between DNA methylation and SNP and antidepressant response. RESULTS We identified two CpG sites predictor of antidepressant treatment response (CpG 668, amplicon HTR1A_1, NC_000005.10, P = 0.025; CpG 1401, amplicon HTR1B_4, NC_000006.12, P = 0.033). The interaction of four CpG sites hypomethylation of HTR1A/1B with high recent stress might result in impaired antidepressant treatment response. What's more, the present data indicated that age, environments and antidepressant treatment might affect DNA methylation status. It was found that DNA methylation status could be influenced by antidepressant treatment in turn. However, HTR1A and HTR1B genotypes did not influence antidepressant response and DNA methylation status. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that HTR1A/1B DNA hypomethylation and its interaction with recent life stress might drive impaired antidepressant treatment response. Meanwhile, DNA methylation, in turn, was modified by antidepressant treatment and environments. Our results offer new evidence for the role of epigenetic and genetic polymorphism in pharmacological response to antidepressants.
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25
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Guo JD, O'Flaherty BM, Rainnie DG. Serotonin gating of cortical and thalamic glutamate inputs onto principal neurons of the basolateral amygdala. Neuropharmacology 2017; 126:224-232. [PMID: 28899729 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The basolateral amygdala (BLA) is a key site for crossmodal association of sensory stimuli and an important relay in the neural circuitry of emotion. Indeed, the BLA receives substantial glutamatergic inputs from multiple brain regions including the prefrontal cortex and thalamic nuclei. Modulation of glutamatergic transmission in the BLA regulates stress- and anxiety-related behaviors. Serotonin (5-HT) also plays an important role in regulating stress-related behavior through activation of both pre- and postsynaptic 5-HT receptors. Multiple 5-HT receptors are expressed in the BLA, where 5-HT has been reported to modulate glutamatergic transmission. However, the 5-HT receptor subtype mediating this effect is not yet clear. The aim of this study was to use patch-clamp recordings from BLA neurons in an ex vivo slice preparation to examine 1) the effect of 5-HT on extrinsic sensory inputs, and 2) to determine if any pathway specificity exists in 5-HT regulation of glutamatergic transmission. Two independent input pathways into the BLA were stimulated: the external capsule to mimic cortical input, and the internal capsule to mimic thalamic input. Bath application of 5-HT reversibly reduced the amplitude of evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (eEPSCs) induced by stimulation of both pathways. The decrease was associated with an increase in the paired-pulse ratio and coefficient of variation of eEPSC amplitude, suggesting 5-HT acts presynaptically. Moreover, the effect of 5-HT in both pathways was mimicked by the selective 5-HT1B receptor agonist CP93129, but not by the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH DPAT. Similarly the effect of exogenous 5-HT was blocked by the 5-HT1B receptor antagonist GR55562, but not affected by the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY 100635 or the 5-HT2 receptor antagonists pirenperone and MDL 100907. Together these data suggest 5-HT gates cortical and thalamic glutamatergic inputs into the BLA by activating presynaptic 5-HT1B receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Dong Guo
- Division of Behavioral Neuroscience & Psychiatric Disorders, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Brendan M O'Flaherty
- Division of Behavioral Neuroscience & Psychiatric Disorders, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Donald G Rainnie
- Division of Behavioral Neuroscience & Psychiatric Disorders, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Association of regulatory TPH2 polymorphisms with higher reduction in depressive symptoms in children and adolescents treated with fluoxetine. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 77:236-240. [PMID: 28456685 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Genetic variability related to the brain serotonergic system has a significant impact on both the susceptibility to psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD), and the response to antidepressant drugs, such as fluoxetine. TPH2 is one of the most important serotonergic candidate genes in selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) pharmacogenetic studies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of regulatory polymorphisms that are specifically located in human TPH2 transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs), and therefore could be functional by altering gene expression, on clinical improvement in children and adolescents treated with fluoxetine. The selection of SNPs was also based on their linkage disequilibrium with TPH2 rs4570625, a genetic variant with questionable functionality, which was previously associated with clinical response in our pediatric population. A total of 83 children and adolescents were clinically evaluated 12weeks after initiating antidepressant treatment with fluoxetine for the first time. Clinical improvement was assessed by reductions in depressive symptoms measured using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) scale. The polymorphisms rs11179002, rs60032326 and rs34517220 were, for the first time in the literature, significantly associated with higher clinical improvement. The strongest association was found for rs34517220. In particular, minor allele homozygotes showed higher score reductions on the CDI scale compared with the major allele carriers. Interestingly, this polymorphism is located in a human TPH2 TFBS for two relevant transcription factors in the serotoninergic neurons, Foxa1 and Foxa2, which together with the high level of significance found for this SNP, could indicate that rs34517220 is in fact the crucial functional genetic variant related to the fluoxetine response. These results provide new evidence for the role of regulatory genetic variants that could modulate human TPH2 expression in the SSRI antidepressant response.
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