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Martínez-Pinteño A, García-Cerro S, Mas S, Torres T, Boloc D, Rodríguez N, Lafuente A, Gassó P, Arnaiz JA, Parellada E. The positive allosteric modulator of the mGlu2 receptor JNJ-46356479 partially improves neuropathological deficits and schizophrenia-like behaviors in a postnatal ketamine mice model. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 126:8-18. [PMID: 32407891 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Current antipsychotics have limited efficacy in controlling cognitive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia (SZ). Glutamatergic dysregulation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of SZ, based on the capacity of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists such as ketamine (KET) to induce SZ-like behaviors. This could be related to their putative neuropathological effect on gamma-aminobutyric (GABAergic) interneurons expressing parvalbumin (PV), which would lead to a hyperglutamatergic condition. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2) negatively modulates glutamate release and has been considered a potential clinical target for novel antipsychotics drugs. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of JNJ-46356479 (JNJ), a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the mGluR2, in reversing neuropathological and behavioral deficits induced in a postnatal KET mice model of SZ. These animals presented impaired spontaneous alternation in the Y-maze test, suggesting deficits in spatial working memory, and a decrease in social motivation and memory, assessed in both the Three-Chamber and the Five Trial Social Memory tests. Interestingly, JNJ treatment of adult mice partially reversed these deficits. Mice treated with KET also showed a reduction in PV+ in the mPFC and dentate gyrus together with an increase in c-Fos expression in this hippocampal area. Compared to the control group, mice treated with KET + JNJ showed a similar PV density and c-Fos activity pattern. Our results suggest that pharmacological treatment with a PAM of the mGluR2 such as JNJ could help improve cognitive and negative symptoms related to SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susana García-Cerro
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Spain; The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Teresa Torres
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Boloc
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodríguez
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Spain; The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Spain; The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Albert Arnaiz
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Spain; The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Eduard Parellada
- The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Spain.
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Boloc D, Rodríguez N, Torres T, García-Cerro S, Parellada M, Saiz-Ruiz J, Cuesta MJ, Bernardo M, Gassó P, Lafuente A, Mas S, Arnaiz JA. Identifying key transcription factors for pharmacogenetic studies of antipsychotics induced extrapyramidal symptoms. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:2151-2159. [PMID: 32382784 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05526-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We explore the transcription factors involved in the molecular mechanism of antipsychotic (AP)-induced acute extrapyramidalsymptoms (EPS) in order to identify new candidate genes for pharmacogenetic studies. METHODS Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks previously created from three pharmacogenomic models (in vitro, animal, and peripheral blood inhumans) were used to, by means of several bioinformatic tools; identify key transcription factors (TFs) that regulate each network. Once the TFs wereidentified, SNPs disrupting the binding sites (TFBS) of these TFs in the genes of each network were selected for genotyping. Finally, SNP-basedassociations with EPS were analyzed in a sample of 356 psychiatric patients receiving AP. RESULTS Our analysis identified 33 TFs expressed in the striatum, and 125 SNPs disrupting TFBS in 50 genes of our initial networks. Two SNPs (rs938112,rs2987902) in two genes (LSMAP and ABL1) were significantly associated with AP induced EPS (p < 0.001). These SNPs disrupt TFBS regulated byPOU2F1. CONCLUSION Our results highlight the possible role of the disruption of TFBS by SNPs in the pharmacological response to AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Boloc
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Teresa Torres
- Dept. Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana García-Cerro
- Dept. Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mara Parellada
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeronimo Saiz-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Universidad de Alcala, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel J Cuesta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miquel Bernardo
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Spain The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- Dept. Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Spain The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- Dept. Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Spain The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Dept. Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
- Spain The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joan Albert Arnaiz
- Dept. Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Mas S, Boloc D, Rodríguez N, Mezquida G, Amoretti S, Cuesta MJ, González-Peñas J, García-Alcón A, Lobo A, González-Pinto A, Corripio I, Vieta E, Castro-Fornieles J, Mané A, Saiz-Ruiz J, Gassó P, Bioque M, Bernardo M. Examining Gene-Environment Interactions Using Aggregate Scores in a First-Episode Psychosis Cohort. Schizophr Bull 2020; 46:1019-1025. [PMID: 32083289 PMCID: PMC7342095 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Gene-environment (GxE) interactions have been related to psychosis spectrum disorders, involving multiple common genetic variants in multiple genes with very small effect sizes, and several environmental factors that constitute a dense network of exposures named the exposome. Here, we aimed to analyze GxE in a cohort of 310 first-episode psychotic (FEP) and 236 healthy controls, by using aggregate scores estimated in large populations such as the polygenic risk score for schizophrenia and (PRS-SCZ) and the Maudsley environmental risk score (ERS). In contrast to previous findings, in our study, the PRS-SCZ did not discriminate cases from controls, but the ERS score explained a similar percentage of the variance as in other studies using similar approaches. Our study supports a positive additive interaction, indicating synergy between genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia (PRS-SCZ dichotomized according to the highest quartile distribution of the control population) and the exposome (ERS > 75% of the controls). This additive interaction showed genetic and environmental dose dependence. Our study shows that the use of aggregate scores derived from large and powered studies instead of statistics derived from specific sample characteristics is a powerful tool for the study of the effects of GxE on the risk of psychotic spectrum disorders. In conclusion, by using a genetic risk score and an ERS we have provided further evidence for the role of GxE in psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Mas
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain,Institut d’investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPs), Barcelona, Spain,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Department of Clinical Foundations, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Casanova 143, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain; tel: 0034934024526, fax: 003493403, e-mail:
| | - Daniel Boloc
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodríguez
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain,Institut d’investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPs), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gisela Mezquida
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain,Institut d’investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPs), Barcelona, Spain,Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit, Neuroscience Institute Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Amoretti
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain,Institut d’investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPs), Barcelona, Spain,Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit, Neuroscience Institute Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel J Cuesta
- Department of Psychiatry, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Javier González-Peñas
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM). Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia García-Alcón
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM). Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Lobo
- Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, Zaragoza University, Spain. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana González-Pinto
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de Alava, Vitoria, Spain,BIOARABA Health Research Institute, Vitoria, Spain,University of the Basque Country, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Iluminada Corripio
- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB-SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain,Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institut d’investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPs), Barcelona, Spain,Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Clínic Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 2017SGR881, University of Barcelona, CIBERSAM, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Mané
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain,Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB). Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeronimo Saiz-Ruiz
- Universidad de Alcalá, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain,Institut d’investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPs), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Bioque
- Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit, Neuroscience Institute Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Bernardo
- Institut d’investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPs), Barcelona, Spain,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
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Torres T, Boloc D, Rodríguez N, Blázquez A, Plana MT, Varela E, Gassó P, Martinez-Pinteño A, Lázaro L, Arnaiz JA, Mas S. Response to fluoxetine in children and adolescents: a weighted gene co-expression network analysis of peripheral blood. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:2028-2040. [PMID: 32509197 PMCID: PMC7269974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The inconclusive and non-replicated results of pharmacogenetic studies of antidepressant response could be related to the lack of acknowledgement of its mechanism of action. In this scenario, gene expression studies provide and interesting framework to reveal new candidate genes for pharmacogenetic studies or peripheral biomarkers of fluoxetine response. We propose a system biology approach to analyse changes in gene expression induced by eight weeks of treatment with fluoxetine in peripheral blood. 21 naïve child and adolescents participated in the present study. Our analysis include the identification of gene co-expression modules, using Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), followed by protein-protein interaction (PPi) network construction coupled with functional annotation. Our results revealed two modules of co-expression genes related to fluoxetine treatment. The constructed networks from these modules were enriched for biological processes related to cellular and metabolic processes, cell communication, immune system processes, cell death, response to stimulus and neurogenesis. Some of these processes, such as immune system, replicated previous findings in the literature, whereas, neurogenesis, a mechanism proposed to be involved in fluoxetine response, had been identified for first time using peripheral tissues. In conclusion, our study identifies several biological processes in relation to fluoxetine treatment in peripheral blood, offer new candidate genes for pharmacogenetic studies and valuable markers for peripheral moderator biomarkers discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Torres
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Boloc
- Department of Medicine, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ana Blázquez
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Plana
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Varela
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
- The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS)Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Martinez-Pinteño
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Luisa Lázaro
- Department of Medicine, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
- The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS)Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health InstituteMadrid, Spain
| | - Joan Albert Arnaiz
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
- The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS)Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
- The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS)Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health InstituteMadrid, Spain
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5
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Gassó P, Arnaiz JA, Mas S, Lafuente A, Bioque M, Cuesta MJ, Díaz-Caneja CM, García C, Lobo A, González-Pinto A, Parellada M, Corripio I, Vieta E, Castro-Fornieles J, Mané A, Rodríguez N, Boloc D, Saiz-Ruiz J, Bernardo M. Association study of candidate genes with obesity and metabolic traits in antipsychotic-treated patients with first-episode psychosis over a 2-year period. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:514-523. [PMID: 32009515 DOI: 10.1177/0269881120903462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Patients with a first episode of psychosis (FEP) often display different metabolic disturbances even independently of drug therapy. However, antipsychotic (AP) treatment, especially with second-generation APs, is strongly linked to weight gain, which increases patients' risk of developing obesity and other metabolic diseases. There is an important genetic risk component that can contribute to the appearance of these disturbances. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of polymorphisms in selected candidate genes on obesity and other anthropometric and metabolic traits in 320 AP-treated FEP patients over the course of a 2-year follow-up. METHODS These patients were recruited in the multicentre PEPs study (Phenotype-genotype and environmental interaction; Application of a predictive model in first psychotic episodes). A total of 127 validated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 18 candidate genes were included in the genetic analysis. RESULTS After Bonferroni correction, SNPs in ADRA2A, FTO, CNR1, DRD2, DRD3, LEPR and BDNF were associated with obesity, abdominal circumference, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and/or percentage of glycated haemoglobin. CONCLUSIONS Although our results should be interpreted as exploratory, they support previous evidence of the impact of these candidate genes on obesity and metabolic status. Further research is required to gain a better knowledge of the genetic variants that can be considered relevant metabolic risk factors. The ability to identify FEP patients at higher risk for these metabolic disturbances would enable clinicians to better select and control their AP treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gassó
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Albert Arnaiz
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Miquel Bioque
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.,Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel J Cuesta
- Departmentof Psychiatry, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IdiSNa), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Covadonga M Díaz-Caneja
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clemente García
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.,Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Lobo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.,Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana González-Pinto
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.,Hospital Universitario Araba, Servicio de Psiquiatria, UPV/EHU, Bioaraba, Spain
| | - Mara Parellada
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iluminada Corripio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica-Sant Pau (IIB-SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Bipolar Disorder Unit, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute Clinic of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Mané
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.,Hospital del Mar, Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Boloc
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jerónimo Saiz-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Bernardo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.,Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.,Bipolar Disorder Unit, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain
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- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.,Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, IiSGM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Araba, Servicio de Psiquiatria, UPV/EHU, Bioaraba, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica-Sant Pau (IIB-SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Bipolar Disorder Unit, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute Clinic of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain.,Hospital del Mar, Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza.,INCLIVA, Universidad de Valencia, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Spain.,Cruces University Hospital, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) Vizcaya, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas 12), Madrid, Spain.,Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Spain.,Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Arenas-Galnares R, Castillo-Lara S, Toulis V, Boloc D, Gonzàlez-Duarte R, Marfany G, Abril JF. RPGeNet v2.0: expanding the universe of retinal disease gene interactions network. Database (Oxford) 2020; 2019:5618821. [PMID: 31712826 PMCID: PMC6846243 DOI: 10.1093/database/baz120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
RPGeNet offers researchers a user-friendly queriable tool to visualize the interactome network of visual disorder genes, thus enabling the identification of new potential causative genes and the assignment of novel candidates to specific retinal or cellular pathways. This can be highly relevant for clinical applications as retinal dystrophies affect 1:3000 people worldwide, and the causative genes are still unknown for 30% of the patients. RPGeNet is a refined interaction network interface that limits its skeleton network to the shortest paths between each and every known causative gene of inherited syndromic and non-syndromic retinal dystrophies. RPGeNet integrates interaction information from STRING, BioGRID and PPaxe, along with retina-specific expression data and associated genetic variants, over a Cytoscape.js web interface. For the new version, RPGeNet v2.0, the database engine was migrated to Neo4j graph database manager, which speeds up the initial queries and can handle whole interactome data for new ways to query the network. Further, user facilities have been introduced as the capability of saving and restoring a researcher customized network layout or as novel features to facilitate navigation and data projection on the network explorer interface. Responsiveness has been further improved by transferring some functionality to the client side.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Arenas-Galnares
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Catalonia, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergio Castillo-Lara
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Catalonia, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Vasileios Toulis
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Catalonia, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Catalonia, Spain.,CIBERER, ISCIII, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Daniel Boloc
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Gemma Marfany
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Catalonia, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Catalonia, Spain.,CIBERER, ISCIII, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Catalonia, Spain.,DBGen Ocular Genomics, Barcelona, 08028, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep F Abril
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Catalonia, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Catalonia, Spain
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7
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Rodríguez N, Morer A, González-Navarro EA, Serra-Pages C, Boloc D, Torres T, Martinez-Pinteño A, Mas S, Lafuente A, Gassó P, Lázaro L. Altered frequencies of Th17 and Treg cells in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 81:608-616. [PMID: 31344493 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder with an etiopathophysiology that seems to include immune alterations. Previous studies have suggested that variations in the levels of circulating T cell subpopulations may be involved in psychiatric diseases. However, the role of these cells in OCD remains unexplored. Hence, the present study aimed to examine the levels of T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17 and regulatory T (Treg) cells in patients with early-onset OCD and healthy controls. METHODS The assessment was performed in 99 children and adolescents with OCD and 46 control subjects. The percentages of circulating Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells were evaluated using flow cytometry. RESULTS OCD patients had significantly higher levels of Th17 cells and lower percentages of Treg cells than healthy controls (p = 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). Furthermore, levels of Th17 cells progressively increased with the duration (p = 0.005) and severity of OCD (p = 0.008), whereas the percentages of Treg cells significantly declined with the duration of the disorder (p = 1.8 × 10-5). CONCLUSIONS These results provide more evidence of the involvement of immune dysregulation, specifically an imbalance in the levels of circulating T helper and regulatory T cells, in the pathophysiology of early-onset OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Astrid Morer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.
| | - E Azucena González-Navarro
- Immunology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Carles Serra-Pages
- Immunology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Daniel Boloc
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Teresa Torres
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Sergi Mas
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.
| | - Patricia Gassó
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Luisa Lázaro
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain.
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Rodriguez N, Morer A, González-Navarro EA, Gassó P, Boloc D, Serra-Pagès C, Lafuente A, Lazaro L, Mas S. Human-leukocyte antigen class II genes in early-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder. World J Biol Psychiatry 2019; 20:352-358. [PMID: 28562177 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2017.1327669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The exact aetiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is unknown, although there is evidence to suggest a gene-environment interaction model. Several lines of evidence support a possible role of the immune system in this model. Methods: The present study explores the allele variability in HLA genes of class II (HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1) in a sample of 144 early-onset OCD compared with reference samples of general population in the same geographical area. Results: None of the 39 alleles identified (allele frequency >1%) showed significant differences between OCD and reference populations. Pooling the different alleles that comprised HLA-DR4 (including DRB1*04:01, DRB1*04:04 and DRB1*04:05 alleles) we observed a significantly higher frequency (X21 = 5.53, P = 0.018; OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.08-2.48) of these alleles in the early-onset OCD sample (10.8%) than in the reference population (6.8%). Conclusions: Taking into account the role of HLA class II genes in the central nervous system, the results presented here support a role of the immune system in the pathophysiological model of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Rodriguez
- a Dept. Anatomic Pathology, Pharmacology and Microbiology , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona , Spain.,c Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Astrid Morer
- b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona , Spain.,c Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona , Spain.,d Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences , Hospital Clinic de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - E Azucena González-Navarro
- c Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona , Spain.,e Immunology Service , Centre de Diagnostic Biomèdic, Hospital Clínic Dept , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- a Dept. Anatomic Pathology, Pharmacology and Microbiology , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,c Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Daniel Boloc
- a Dept. Anatomic Pathology, Pharmacology and Microbiology , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Carles Serra-Pagès
- c Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona , Spain.,e Immunology Service , Centre de Diagnostic Biomèdic, Hospital Clínic Dept , Barcelona , Spain.,f Dept. Biomedicine , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- a Dept. Anatomic Pathology, Pharmacology and Microbiology , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona , Spain.,c Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Luisa Lazaro
- b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona , Spain.,c Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona , Spain.,d Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences , Hospital Clinic de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,g Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- a Dept. Anatomic Pathology, Pharmacology and Microbiology , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.,b Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona , Spain.,c Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona , Spain
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9
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Boloc D, Mas S, Rodriguez N, Ortiz AE, Morer A, Plana MT, Lafuente A, Lazaro L, Gassó P. Genetic Associations of Serotoninergic and GABAergic Genes in an Extended Collection of Early-Onset Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Trios. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2019; 29:152-157. [PMID: 30351181 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2018.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder whose etiology includes important genetic contributions. In a previous transmission disequilibrium study in which 75 complete trios were included, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in serotoninergic and GABAergic genes were associated with early-onset OCD. Our aim was to assess those findings in an extended collection of early-onset OCD trios. METHODS A transmission disequilibrium test for SNPs in HTR1B (rs2000292), SLC18A1 (rs6586896), GAD1 (rs3791860), and GAD2 (rs8190748) was performed in a total of 101 early-onset OCD trios, from which 26 trios were newly recruited for the purpose of the present analysis. RESULTS All the SNPs were overtransmitted from parents to OCD probands (p < 0.012, significant after Bonferroni correction). CONCLUSIONS These results are consistent with the previous findings and constitute more evidence of the role of genetic factors related to serotoninergic and GABAergic pathways in the pathophysiology of early-onset OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Boloc
- 1 Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- 2 Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain .,3 Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona, Spain .,4 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodriguez
- 2 Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana E Ortiz
- 5 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences , Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Astrid Morer
- 3 Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona, Spain .,4 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona, Spain .,5 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences , Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain .,6 Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Plana
- 5 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences , Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- 2 Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain .,3 Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona, Spain .,4 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luisa Lazaro
- 3 Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona, Spain .,4 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona, Spain .,5 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences , Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain .,6 Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- 2 Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona , Barcelona, Spain .,3 Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) , Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Plana MT, Torres T, Rodríguez N, Boloc D, Gassó P, Moreno E, Lafuente A, Castro-Fornieles J, Mas S, Lazaro L. Genetic variability in the serotoninergic system and age of onset in anorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2019; 271:554-558. [PMID: 30554102 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The age of onset of some psychiatric disorders may have etiopathogenic and clinical effects and may influence outcome. Following on from previous work by our group where we showed that early onset anorexia nervosa (AN) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) shared a common genetic background, the aim of the present study is to assess genetic pleiotropy related to the serotonergic system (SLC6A4, 5HTR2A, 5HTR2C, TPH2, SLC18A1), in a common phenotype such as very-early age of onset. One hundred and sixteen adolescents diagnosed with AN and 74 adolescents diagnosed with OCD participated in the present study. We confirmed the existence of a genetic overlap between OCD and AN. Specifically, we described genetic pleiotropy for age at onset across these disorders, associating two SNPs (rs6311, rs4942587) of the HTR2A with the very-early onset phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Plana
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, C/ Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Teresa Torres
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodríguez
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Boloc
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Moreno
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, C/ Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, C/ Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain
| | - Luisa Lazaro
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, C/ Villarroel 170, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Spain.
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11
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Gassó P, Blázquez A, Rodríguez N, Boloc D, Torres T, Mas S, Lafuente A, Lázaro L. Further Support for the Involvement of Genetic Variants Related to the Serotonergic Pathway in the Antidepressant Response in Children and Adolescents After a 12-Month Follow-Up: Impact of the HTR2A rs7997012 Polymorphism. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2018; 28:711-718. [PMID: 29975559 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2018.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Fluoxetine is an effective and well-tolerated pharmacological treatment for children and adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, a high percentage of patients do not respond. There is a substantial genetic contribution to this variable clinical outcome. Based on previous genetic results of our group and given the lack of pharmacogenetics studies of antidepressant response with a long follow-up period, we evaluated the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to the serotonergic pathway on remission and recovery in children and adolescents diagnosed with MDD after 12 months of initiating fluoxetine treatment. Methods: The assessment was performed in 46 patients. All of them were visited at least once a month during the 12-month follow-up. Psychiatrists interviewed patients and their parents to explore clinical improvement. A total of 75 genotyped SNPs in 10 candidate genes were included in the genetic association analysis with remission and recovery. Bonferroni correction for multiple testing was applied to avoid false positive results. Results: The HTR2A rs7997012 SNP was significantly associated after Bonferroni correction with clinical improvement. Particularly, the homozygotes for the major allele (GG) showed the highest percentage of remitters and the highest score reductions on the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity (CGI-S) scale. Moreover, although the results were on the border of statistical significance, the GG homozygotes also tended to experience fewer readmissions during the follow-up period Conclusions: These results provide more evidence of the involvement of genetic variants related to the serotonergic pathway in the antidepressant response. Studies with larger cohorts are needed to integrate all relevant variants into clinical predictors of antidepressant response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gassó
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Blázquez
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodríguez
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Boloc
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Torres
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luisa Lázaro
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Boloc D, Rodríguez N, Gassó P, Abril JF, Bernardo M, Lafuente A, Mas S. SiNoPsis: Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms selection and promoter profiling. Bioinformatics 2018; 34:303-305. [PMID: 28968821 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION The selection of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) using bibliographic methods can be a very time-consuming task. Moreover, a SNP selected in this way may not be easily visualized in its genomic context by a standard user hoping to correlate it with other valuable information. Here we propose a web form built on top of Circos that can assist SNP-centered screening, based on their location in the genome and the regulatory modules they can disrupt. Its use may allow researchers to prioritize SNPs in genotyping and disease studies. RESULTS SiNoPsis is bundled as a web portal. It focuses on the different structures involved in the genomic expression of a gene, especially those found in the core promoter upstream region. These structures include transcription factor binding sites (for promoter and enhancer signals), histones and promoter flanking regions. Additionally, the tool provides eQTL and linkage disequilibrium (LD) properties for a given SNP query, yielding further clues about other indirectly associated SNPs. Possible disruptions of the aforementioned structures affecting gene transcription are reported using multiple resource databases. SiNoPsis has a simple user-friendly interface, which allows single queries by gene symbol, genomic coordinates, Ensembl gene identifiers, RefSeq transcript identifiers and SNPs. It is the only portal providing useful SNP selection based on regulatory modules and LD with functional variants in both textual and graphic modes (by properly defining the arguments and parameters needed to run Circos). AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION SiNoPsis is freely available at https://compgen.bio.ub.edu/SiNoPsis/. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Boloc
- Dep. de Medicina, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodríguez
- Dep. Fonaments Clínics, Unitat de Farmacologia, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- Dep. Fonaments Clínics, Unitat de Farmacologia, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep F Abril
- Dep. de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Bernardo
- Dep. de Medicina, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Unitat Esquizofrènia, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- Dep. Fonaments Clínics, Unitat de Farmacologia, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Dep. Fonaments Clínics, Unitat de Farmacologia, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
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13
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Rodríguez N, Morer A, González-Navarro EA, Serra-Pages C, Boloc D, Torres T, García-Cerro S, Mas S, Gassó P, Lázaro L. Inflammatory dysregulation of monocytes in pediatric patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:261. [PMID: 29284508 PMCID: PMC5746006 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-1042-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the exact etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is unknown, there is growing evidence of a role for immune dysregulation in the pathophysiology of the disease, especially in the innate immune system including the microglia. To test this hypothesis, we studied inflammatory markers in monocytes from pediatric patients with OCD and from healthy controls. METHODS We determined the percentages of total monocytes, CD16+ monocytes, and classical (CD14highCD16-), intermediate (CD14highCD16low), and non-classical (CD14lowCD16high) monocyte subsets in 102 patients with early-onset OCD and in 47 healthy controls. Moreover, proinflammatory cytokine production (GM-CSF, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) was measured by multiplex Luminex analysis in isolated monocyte cultures, in basal conditions, after exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to stimulate immune response or after exposure to LPS and the immunosuppressant dexamethasone. RESULTS OCD patients had significantly higher percentages of total monocytes and CD16+ monocytes than healthy controls, mainly due to an increase in the intermediate subset but also in the non-classical monocytes. Monocytes from OCD patients released higher amounts of GM-CSF, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α than healthy controls after exposure to LPS. However, there were no significant differences in basal cytokine production or the sensitivity of monocytes to dexamethasone treatment between both groups. Based on monocyte subset distribution and cytokine production after LPS stimulation, patients receiving psychoactive medications seem to have an intermediate inflammatory profile, that is, lower than non-medicated OCD individuals and higher than healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS These results strongly support the involvement of an enhanced proinflammatory innate immune response in the etiopathogenesis of early-onset OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Rodríguez
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Astrid Morer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Azucena González-Navarro
- Immunology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Serra-Pages
- Immunology Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Boloc
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Torres
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana García-Cerro
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- Department of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luisa Lázaro
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.
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Gassó P, Mas S, Rodríguez N, Boloc D, García-Cerro S, Bernardo M, Lafuente A, Parellada E. Microarray gene-expression study in fibroblast and lymphoblastoid cell lines from antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia patients. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 95:91-101. [PMID: 28822801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a chronic psychiatric disorder whose onset of symptoms occurs in late adolescence and early adulthood. The etiology is complex and involves important gene-environment interactions. Microarray gene-expression studies on SZ have identified alterations in several biological processes. The heterogeneity in the results can be attributed to the use of different sample types and other important confounding factors including age, illness chronicity and antipsychotic exposure. The aim of the present microarray study was to analyze, for the first time to our knowledge, differences in gene expression profiles in 18 fibroblast (FCLs) and 14 lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients and healthy controls. We used an analytical approach based on protein-protein interaction network construction and functional annotation analysis to identify the biological processes that are altered in SZ. Significant differences in the expression of 32 genes were found when LCLs were assessed. The network and gene set enrichment approach revealed the involvement of similar biological processes in FCLs and LCLs, including apoptosis and related biological terms such as cell cycle, autophagy, cytoskeleton organization and response to stress and stimulus. Metabolism and other processes, including signal transduction, kinase activity and phosphorylation, were also identified. These results were replicated in two independent cohorts using the same analytical approach. This provides more evidence for altered apoptotic processes in antipsychotic-naïve FES patients and other important biological functions such as cytoskeleton organization and metabolism. The convergent results obtained in both peripheral cell models support their usefulness for transcriptome studies on SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gassó
- Dept. of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sergi Mas
- Dept. of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | | | - Daniel Boloc
- Dept. of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Miquel Bernardo
- Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; Dept. of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- Dept. of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Eduard Parellada
- Dept. of Basic Clinical Practice, University of Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
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15
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Gassó P, Sánchez-Gistau V, Mas S, Sugranyes G, Rodríguez N, Boloc D, de la Serna E, Romero S, Moreno D, Moreno C, Díaz-Caneja CM, Lafuente A, Castro-Fornieles J. Association of CACNA1C and SYNE1 in offspring of patients with psychiatric disorders. Psychiatry Res 2016; 245:427-435. [PMID: 27620326 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.08.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are severe mental diseases associated with cognitive impairment, mood disturbance, and psychosis. Both disorders are highly heritable and share a common genetic background. The present study assesses, for the first time, differences in genotype frequencies of polymorphisms located in genes involved in neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity between genetic high-risk individuals (offspring of patients with SZ or BD; N=100: 31 and 69, respectively) and control subjects (offspring of community controls; N=96). Individuals from both groups had similar ages, around 12 years. A higher percentage of men were included in the genetic high-risk group (58%) compared with the control group (40.6%). A total of 244 validated SNPs located in 35 candidate gene regions were analyzed in 196 participants. Multivariate methods based on logistic regression analysis were performed to assess differences in genotype frequencies. Bonferroni correction was applied for the multiple comparisons performed. Two polymorphisms, CACNA1C rs10848683 and SYNE1 rs214950, showed significant differences. The frequency of heterozygotes for CACNA1C rs10848683 in genetic high-risk individuals was double that in controls (OR=3.15; P=0.00016). For SYNE1 rs214950, higher frequencies of heterozygotes (OR=1.97) and homozygotes for the minor allele (OR=17.89; P=0.00020) were found in the genetic high-risk group than in the control group. In conclusion, polymorphisms in CACNA1C and SYNE1 could confer a greater risk of developing SZ and BD in individuals who are already at high risk because of their family history. This could help identify subjects with a very high genetic risk, in whom early detection and early intervention could lead to better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Gassó
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Pharmacology and Microbiology, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Vanessa Sánchez-Gistau
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Pharmacology and Microbiology, University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gisela Sugranyes
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodríguez
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Pharmacology and Microbiology, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Boloc
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Pharmacology and Microbiology, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena de la Serna
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Soledad Romero
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Dolores Moreno
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Moreno
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Covadonga M Díaz-Caneja
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Pharmacology and Microbiology, University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain; Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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Boloc D, Castillo-Lara S, Marfany G, Gonzàlez-Duarte R, Abril JF. Distilling a Visual Network of Retinitis Pigmentosa Gene-Protein Interactions to Uncover New Disease Candidates. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135307. [PMID: 26267445 PMCID: PMC4534355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a highly heterogeneous genetic visual disorder with more than 70 known causative genes, some of them shared with other non-syndromic retinal dystrophies (e.g. Leber congenital amaurosis, LCA). The identification of RP genes has increased steadily during the last decade, and the 30% of the cases that still remain unassigned will soon decrease after the advent of exome/genome sequencing. A considerable amount of genetic and functional data on single RD genes and mutations has been gathered, but a comprehensive view of the RP genes and their interacting partners is still very fragmentary. This is the main gap that needs to be filled in order to understand how mutations relate to progressive blinding disorders and devise effective therapies. Methodology We have built an RP-specific network (RPGeNet) by merging data from different sources: high-throughput data from BioGRID and STRING databases, manually curated data for interactions retrieved from iHOP, as well as interactions filtered out by syntactical parsing from up-to-date abstracts and full-text papers related to the RP research field. The paths emerging when known RP genes were used as baits over the whole interactome have been analysed, and the minimal number of connections among the RP genes and their close neighbors were distilled in order to simplify the search space. Conclusions In contrast to the analysis of single isolated genes, finding the networks linking disease genes renders powerful etiopathological insights. We here provide an interactive interface, RPGeNet, for the molecular biologist to explore the network centered on the non-syndromic and syndromic RP and LCA causative genes. By integrating tissue-specific expression levels and phenotypic data on top of that network, a more comprehensive biological view will highlight key molecular players of retinal degeneration and unveil new RP disease candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Boloc
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sergio Castillo-Lara
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Gemma Marfany
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Roser Gonzàlez-Duarte
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- * E-mail: (JFA); (RGD)
| | - Josep F. Abril
- Departament de Genètica, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Biomedicina (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- * E-mail: (JFA); (RGD)
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