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Hahn T, Alzate MO, Leonhardt S, Tamang P, Zibek S. Current trends in medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates: Microbial production, purification, and characterization. Eng Life Sci 2024; 24:2300211. [PMID: 38845815 PMCID: PMC11151071 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202300211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have gained interest recently due to their biodegradability and versatility. In particular, the chemical compositions of medium-chain-length (mcl)-PHAs are highly diverse, comprising different monomers containing 6-14 carbon atoms. This review summarizes different feedstocks and fermentation strategies to enhance mcl-PHA production and briefly discusses the downstream processing. This review also provides comprehensive details on analytical tools for determining the composition and properties of mcl-PHA. Moreover, this study provides novel information by statistically analyzing the data collected from several reports on mcl-PHA to determine the optimal fermentation parameters (specific growth rate, PHA productivity, and PHA yield from various structurally related and unrelated substrates), mcl-PHA composition, molecular weight (MW), and thermal and mechanical properties, in addition to other relevant statistical values. The analysis revealed that the median PHA productivity observed in the fed-batch feeding strategy was 0.4 g L-1 h-1, which is eight times higher than that obtained from batch feeding (0.05 g L-1 h-1). Furthermore, 3-hydroxyoctanoate and -decanoate were the primary monomers incorporated into mcl-PHA. The investigation also determined the median glass transition temperature (-43°C) and melting temperature (47°C), which indicated that mcl-PHA is a flexible amorphous polymer at room temperature with a median MW of 104 kDa. However, information on the monomer composition or heterogeneity and the associated physical and mechanical data of mcl-PHAs is inadequate. Based on their mechanical values, the mcl-PHAs can be classified as semi-crystalline polymers (median crystallinity 23%) with rubber-like properties and a median elongation at break of 385%. However, due to the limited mechanical data available for mcl-PHAs with known monomer composition, identifying suitable processing tools and applications to develop mcl-PHAs further is challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hahn
- Bioprocess DevelopmentFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGBStuttgartGermany
| | - Melissa Ortega Alzate
- Bioprocess DevelopmentFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGBStuttgartGermany
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of AntioquiaEl Carmen de ViboralColombia
| | - Steven Leonhardt
- Bioprocess DevelopmentFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGBStuttgartGermany
| | - Pravesh Tamang
- Bioprocess DevelopmentFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGBStuttgartGermany
| | - Susanne Zibek
- Bioprocess DevelopmentFraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGBStuttgartGermany
- Institute of Interfacial Engineering and Plasma Technology IGVPUniversity of StuttgartStuttgartGermany
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Che L, Jin W, Zhou X, Han W, Chen Y, Chen C, Jiang G. Current status and future perspectives on the biological production of polyhydroxyalkanoates. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Che
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, 150090 Harbin China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgae Bioenergy Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055 Shenzhen China
| | - Wenbiao Jin
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, 150090 Harbin China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgae Bioenergy Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055 Shenzhen China
| | - Xu Zhou
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, 150090 Harbin China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgae Bioenergy Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055 Shenzhen China
| | - Wei Han
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, 150090 Harbin China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgae Bioenergy Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), 518055 Shenzhen China
| | - Yidi Chen
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, 150090 Harbin China
| | - Chuan Chen
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, 150090 Harbin China
| | - Guangming Jiang
- School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
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Son J, Lim SH, Kim YJ, Lim HJ, Lee JY, Jeong S, Park C, Park SJ. Customized valorization of waste streams by Pseudomonas putida: State-of-the-art, challenges, and future trends. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 371:128607. [PMID: 36638894 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Preventing catastrophic climate events warrants prompt action to delay global warming, which threatens health and food security. In this context, waste management using engineered microbes has emerged as a long-term eco-friendly solution for addressing the global climate crisis and transitioning to clean energy. Notably, Pseudomonas putida can valorize industry-derived synthetic wastes including plastics, oils, food, and agricultural waste into products of interest, and it has been extensively explored for establishing a fully circular bioeconomy through the conversion of waste into bio-based products, including platform chemicals (e.g., cis,cis-muconic and adipic acid) and biopolymers (e.g., medium-chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate). However, the efficiency of waste pretreatment technologies, capability of microbial cell factories, and practicability of synthetic biology tools remain low, posing a challenge to the industrial application of P. putida. The present review discusses the state-of-the-art, challenges, and future prospects for divergent biosynthesis of versatile products from waste-derived feedstocks using P. putida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Son
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hyun Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seona Jeong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhwan Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Jae Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Min Song H, Chan Joo J, Hyun Lim S, Jin Lim H, Lee S, Jae Park S. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates containing monomers conferring amorphous and elastomeric properties from renewable resources: Current status and future perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 366:128114. [PMID: 36283671 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Petrochemical-based plastics cause environmental pollution and threaten humans and ecosystems. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is considered a promising alternative to nondegradable plastics since it is eco-friendly and biodegradable polymer having similar properties to conventional plastics. PHA's material properties are generally determined by composition and type of monomers in PHA. PHA can be designed in tailor-made manner for their suitable application areas. Among many monomers in PHAs, ω-hydroxalkanoates such as 3-hydroxypropionate (3HP), 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB), 5-hydroxyvalerate (5HV), and 6-hydroxyhexanoate (6HHx) and medium-chain-length 3-hydroxyalkanoate such as 3-hydroxyhexanoate (3HHx) and 4-hydroxyvalerate (4HV), have been examined as potential monomers able to confer amorphous and elastomer properties when these are incorporated as comonomer in poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) copolymer that has 3HB as main monomer along with comonomers in different monomer fraction. Herein, recent advances in production of PHAs designed to have amorphous and elastomeric properties from renewable sources such as lignocellulose, levulinic acid, crude glycerol, and waste oil are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Min Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Chan Joo
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hyun Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Siseon Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Jae Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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Smułek W, Kaczorek E. Factors Influencing the Bioavailability of Organic Molecules to Bacterial Cells-A Mini-Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196579. [PMID: 36235114 PMCID: PMC9570905 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The bioavailability of organic compounds to bacterial cells is crucial for their vital activities. This includes both compounds that are desirable to the cells (e.g., sources of energy, carbon, nitrogen, and other nutrients) and undesirable compounds that are toxic to the cells. For this reason, bioavailability is an issue of great importance in many areas of human activity that are related to bacteria, e.g., biotechnological production, bioremediation of organic pollutants, and the use of antibiotics. This article proposes a classification of factors determining bioavailability, dividing them into factors at the physicochemical level (i.e., those related to the solubility of a chemical compound and its transport in aqueous solution) and factors at the microbiological level (i.e., those related to adsorption on the cell surface and those related to transport into the cell). Awareness of the importance of and the mechanisms governing each of the factors described allows their use to change bioavailability in the desired direction.
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Varghese S, Dhanraj ND, Rebello S, Sindhu R, Binod P, Pandey A, Jisha MS, Awasthi MK. Leads and hurdles to sustainable microbial bioplastic production. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135390. [PMID: 35728665 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Indiscriminate usage, disposal and recalcitrance of petroleum-based plastics have led to its accumulation leaving a negative impact on the environment. Bioplastics, particularly microbial bioplastics serve as an ecologically sustainable solution to nullify the negative impacts of plastics. Microbial production of biopolymers like Polyhydroxyalkanoates, Polyhydroxybutyrates and Polylactic acid using renewable feedstocks as well as industrial wastes have gained momentum in the recent years. The current study outlays types of bioplastics, their microbial sources and applications in various fields. Scientific evidence on bioplastics has suggested a unique range of applications such as industrial, agricultural and medical applications. Though diverse microorganisms such as Alcaligenes latus, Burkholderia sacchari, Micrococcus species, Lactobacillus pentosus, Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp., Rhizobium sp., Enterobacter sp., Escherichia sp., Azototobacter sp., Protomonas sp., Cupriavidus sp., Halomonas sp., Saccharomyces sp., Kluyveromyces sp., and Ralstonia sp. are known to produce bioplastics, the industrial production of bioplastics is still challenging. Thus this paper also provides deep insights on the advancements made to maximise production of bioplastics using different approaches such as metabolic engineering, rDNA technologies and multitude of cultivation strategies. Finally, the constraints to microbial bioplastic production and the future directions of research are briefed. Hence the present review emphasizes on the importance of using bioplastics as a sustainable alternative to petroleum based plastic products to diminish environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Varghese
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - N D Dhanraj
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - Sharrel Rebello
- School of Food Science & Technology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Department of Food Technology, T K M Institute of Technology, Kollam, 691505, Kerala, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Trivandrum, 695 019, Kerala, India
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR- Indian Institute for Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), 31 MG Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248 007, Uttarakhand, India; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M S Jisha
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India.
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712 100, China.
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7
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Carruthers DN, Lee TS. Translating advances in microbial bioproduction to sustainable biotechnology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:968437. [PMID: 36082166 PMCID: PMC9445250 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.968437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in synthetic biology have radically changed our ability to rewire microorganisms and significantly improved the scalable production of a vast array of drop-in biopolymers and biofuels. The success of a drop-in bioproduct is contingent on market competition with petrochemical analogues and weighted upon relative economic and environmental metrics. While the quantification of comparative trade-offs is critical for accurate process-level decision making, the translation of industrial ecology to synthetic biology is often ambiguous and assessment accuracy has proven challenging. In this review, we explore strategies for evaluating industrial biotechnology through life cycle and techno-economic assessment, then contextualize how recent developments in synthetic biology have improved process viability by expanding feedstock availability and the productivity of microbes. By juxtaposing biological and industrial constraints, we highlight major obstacles between the disparate disciplines that hinder accurate process evaluation. The convergence of these disciplines is crucial in shifting towards carbon neutrality and a circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N. Carruthers
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Taek Soon Lee
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA, United States
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Taek Soon Lee,
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8
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Borrero‐de Acuña JM, Poblete‐Castro I. Rational engineering of natural polyhydroxyalkanoates producing microorganisms for improved synthesis and recovery. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 16:262-285. [PMID: 35792877 PMCID: PMC9871526 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial production of biopolymers derived from renewable substrates and waste streams reduces our heavy reliance on petrochemical plastics. One of the most important biodegradable polymers is the family of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), naturally occurring intracellular polyoxoesters produced for decades by bacterial fermentation of sugars and fatty acids at the industrial scale. Despite the advances, PHA production still suffers from heavy costs associated with carbon substrates and downstream processing to recover the intracellular product, thus restricting market positioning. In recent years, model-aided metabolic engineering and novel synthetic biology approaches have spurred our understanding of carbon flux partitioning through competing pathways and cellular resource allocation during PHA synthesis, enabling the rational design of superior biopolymer producers and programmable cellular lytic systems. This review describes these attempts to rationally engineering the cellular operation of several microbes to elevate PHA production on specific substrates and waste products. We also delve into genome reduction, morphology, and redox cofactor engineering to boost PHA biosynthesis. Besides, we critically evaluate engineered bacterial strains in various fermentation modes in terms of PHA productivity and the period required for product recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ignacio Poblete‐Castro
- Biosystems Engineering LaboratoryDepartment of Chemical and Bioprocess EngineeringUniversidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH)SantiagoChile
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9
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Melchor-Martínez EM, Macías-Garbett R, Alvarado-Ramírez L, Araújo RG, Sosa-Hernández JE, Ramírez-Gamboa D, Parra-Arroyo L, Alvarez AG, Monteverde RPB, Cazares KAS, Reyes-Mayer A, Yáñez Lino M, Iqbal HMN, Parra-Saldívar R. Towards a Circular Economy of Plastics: An Evaluation of the Systematic Transition to a New Generation of Bioplastics. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061203. [PMID: 35335534 PMCID: PMC8955033 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastics have become an essential part of the modern world thanks to their appealing physical and chemical properties as well as their low production cost. The most common type of polymers used for plastic account for 90% of the total production and are made from petroleum-based nonrenewable resources. Concerns over the sustainability of the current production model and the environmental implications of traditional plastics have fueled the demand for greener formulations and alternatives. In the last decade, new plastics manufactured from renewable sources and biological processes have emerged from research and have been established as a commercially viable solution with less adverse effects. Nevertheless, economic and legislative challenges for biobased plastics hinder their widespread implementation. This review summarizes the history of plastics over the last century, including the most relevant bioplastics and production methods, the environmental impact and mitigation of the adverse effects of conventional and emerging plastics, and the regulatory landscape that renewable and recyclable bioplastics face to reach a sustainable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elda M. Melchor-Martínez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (L.A.-R.); (R.G.A.); (J.E.S.-H.); (D.R.-G.); (L.P.-A.)
| | - Rodrigo Macías-Garbett
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (L.A.-R.); (R.G.A.); (J.E.S.-H.); (D.R.-G.); (L.P.-A.)
| | - Lynette Alvarado-Ramírez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (L.A.-R.); (R.G.A.); (J.E.S.-H.); (D.R.-G.); (L.P.-A.)
| | - Rafael G. Araújo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (L.A.-R.); (R.G.A.); (J.E.S.-H.); (D.R.-G.); (L.P.-A.)
| | - Juan Eduardo Sosa-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (L.A.-R.); (R.G.A.); (J.E.S.-H.); (D.R.-G.); (L.P.-A.)
| | - Diana Ramírez-Gamboa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (L.A.-R.); (R.G.A.); (J.E.S.-H.); (D.R.-G.); (L.P.-A.)
| | - Lizeth Parra-Arroyo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (L.A.-R.); (R.G.A.); (J.E.S.-H.); (D.R.-G.); (L.P.-A.)
| | - Abraham Garza Alvarez
- Cadena Comercial OXXO S.A de C.V., Monterrey 64480, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; (A.G.A.); (R.P.B.M.); (K.A.S.C.)
| | | | | | - Adriana Reyes-Mayer
- Centro de Caracterización e Investigación en Materiales S.A. de C.V., Jiutepec 62578, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - Mauricio Yáñez Lino
- Polymer Solutions & Innovation S.A. de C.V., Jiutepec 62578, Morelos, Mexico;
| | - Hafiz M. N. Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (L.A.-R.); (R.G.A.); (J.E.S.-H.); (D.R.-G.); (L.P.-A.)
- Correspondence: (H.M.N.I.); (R.P.-S.)
| | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Monterrey 64849, Nuevo Leon, Mexico; (E.M.M.-M.); (R.M.-G.); (L.A.-R.); (R.G.A.); (J.E.S.-H.); (D.R.-G.); (L.P.-A.)
- Correspondence: (H.M.N.I.); (R.P.-S.)
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Sharma P, Gaur VK, Gupta S, Varjani S, Pandey A, Gnansounou E, You S, Ngo HH, Wong JWC. Trends in mitigation of industrial waste: Global health hazards, environmental implications and waste derived economy for environmental sustainability. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:152357. [PMID: 34921885 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Majority of industries, in order to meet the technological development and consumer demands generate waste. The untreated waste spreads out toxic and harmful substances in the environment which serves as a breeding ground for pathogenic microorganisms thus causing severe health hazards. The three industrial sectors namely food, agriculture, and oil industry are among the primary organic waste producers that affect urban health and economic growth. Conventional treatment generates a significant amount of greenhouse gases which further contributes to global warming. Thus, the use of microbes for utilization of this waste, liberating CO2 offers an indispensable tool. The simultaneous production of value-added products such as bioplastics, biofuels, and biosurfactants increases the economics of the process and contributes to environmental sustainability. This review comprehensively summarized the composition of organic waste generated from the food, agriculture, and oil industry. The linkages between global health hazards of industrial waste and environmental implications have been uncovered. Stare-of-the-art information on their subsequent utilization as a substrate to produce value-added products through bio-routes has been elaborated. The research gaps, economical perspective(s), and future research directions have been identified and discussed to strengthen environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Sharma
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Gaur
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, India; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 010, India.
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226 001, India
| | - Edgard Gnansounou
- Bioenergy and Energy Planning Research Group (BPE), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Siming You
- James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Jonathan W C Wong
- Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
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11
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A fermentation process for the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) using waste cooking oil or waste fish oil as inexpensive carbon substrate. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 33:e00700. [PMID: 35070732 PMCID: PMC8762085 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Both WCO and WFO can be used as promising substrates for PHA production. First report of a fed-batch fermentation process using WFO as sole carbon source for PHA production. High PHB yields of 0.8 g/g and 0.92 g/g were produced from WCO and WFO, respectively. Highest PHB productivity (1.73 g/L/h) was achieved when using waste oil as carbon source.
The utilization of waste cooking oil (WCO) or waste fish oil (WFO) as inexpensive carbon substrate for the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) by Cupriavidus necator H16 was investigated. Fed-batch cultivation mode in bioreactor was applied in this study. High cell dry weight (CDW) of 135.1 g/L, PHB content of 76.9 wt%, PHB productivity of 1.73 g/L/h, and PHB yield of 0.8 g/g were obtained from WCO. In the case of WFO, the CDW, PHB content, PHB productivity, and PHB yield were 114.8 g/L, 72.5 wt%, 1.73 g/L/h, and 0.92 g/g, respectively. The PHB productivity and yield obtained in the current study from WCO or WFO are among the highest reported so far for PHA production using oils as sole carbon substrate, suggesting that both WCO and WFO can be used as inexpensive carbon substrates for the production of PHA on an industrial scale.
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Borrero‐de Acuña JM, Gutierrez‐Urrutia I, Hidalgo‐Dumont C, Aravena‐Carrasco C, Orellana‐Saez M, Palominos‐Gonzalez N, van Duuren JBJH, Wagner V, Gläser L, Becker J, Kohlstedt M, Zacconi FC, Wittmann C, Poblete‐Castro I. Channelling carbon flux through the meta-cleavage route for improved poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) production from benzoate and lignin-based aromatics in Pseudomonas putida H. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:2385-2402. [PMID: 33171015 PMCID: PMC8601166 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin-based aromatics are attractive raw materials to derive medium-chain length poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (mcl-PHAs), biodegradable polymers of commercial value. So far, this conversion has exclusively used the ortho-cleavage route of Pseudomonas putida KT2440, which results in the secretion of toxic intermediates and limited performance. Pseudomonas putida H exhibits the ortho- and the meta-cleavage pathways where the latter appears promising because it stoichiometrically yields higher levels of acetyl-CoA. Here, we created a double-mutant H-ΔcatAΔA2 that utilizes the meta route exclusively and synthesized 30% more PHA on benzoate than the parental strain but suffered from catechol accumulation. The single deletion of the catA2 gene in the H strain provoked a slight attenuation on the enzymatic capacity of the ortho route (25%) and activation of the meta route by nearly 8-fold, producing twice as much mcl-PHAs compared to the wild type. Inline, the mutant H-ΔcatA2 showed a 2-fold increase in the intracellular malonyl-CoA abundance - the main precursor for mcl-PHAs synthesis. As inferred from flux simulation and enzyme activity assays, the superior performance of H-ΔcatA2 benefited from reduced flux through the TCA cycle and malic enzyme and diminished by-product formation. In a benzoate-based fed-batch, P. putida H-ΔcatA2 achieved a PHA titre of 6.1 g l-1 and a volumetric productivity of 1.8 g l-1 day-1 . Using Kraft lignin hydrolysate as feedstock, the engineered strain formed 1.4 g l- 1 PHA. The balancing of carbon flux between the parallel catechol-degrading routes emerges as an important strategy to prevent intermediate accumulation and elevate mcl-PHA production in P. putida H and, as shown here, sets the next level to derive this sustainable biopolymer from lignin hydrolysates and aromatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Borrero‐de Acuña
- Biosystems Engineering LaboratoryCenter for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB)Faculty of Life SciencesUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile
- Present address:
Institute of MicrobiologyTechnical University of BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
| | - Izabook Gutierrez‐Urrutia
- Biosystems Engineering LaboratoryCenter for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB)Faculty of Life SciencesUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile
- Institute of Systems BiotechnologySaarland UniversitySaarbrückenGermany
| | - Cristian Hidalgo‐Dumont
- Biosystems Engineering LaboratoryCenter for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB)Faculty of Life SciencesUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile
| | - Carla Aravena‐Carrasco
- Biosystems Engineering LaboratoryCenter for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB)Faculty of Life SciencesUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile
| | - Matias Orellana‐Saez
- Biosystems Engineering LaboratoryCenter for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB)Faculty of Life SciencesUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile
| | - Nestor Palominos‐Gonzalez
- Biosystems Engineering LaboratoryCenter for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB)Faculty of Life SciencesUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile
| | | | - Viktoria Wagner
- Institute of Systems BiotechnologySaarland UniversitySaarbrückenGermany
| | - Lars Gläser
- Institute of Systems BiotechnologySaarland UniversitySaarbrückenGermany
| | - Judith Becker
- Institute of Systems BiotechnologySaarland UniversitySaarbrückenGermany
| | - Michael Kohlstedt
- Institute of Systems BiotechnologySaarland UniversitySaarbrückenGermany
| | - Flavia C. Zacconi
- Facultad de Química y de FarmaciaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
- Institute for Biological and Medical EngineeringSchools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological SciencesPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | | | - Ignacio Poblete‐Castro
- Biosystems Engineering LaboratoryCenter for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB)Faculty of Life SciencesUniversidad Andres BelloSantiagoChile
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Kondratyev V, Goryacheva D, Nepomnyaschiy A, Zubkov I, Shishlyannikov S, Sorokoumov P. Quantitative analysis of medium-chain polyhydroxyalkanoates in bacterial cells via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: classical method revision and optimization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1023666x.2021.1992581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Kondratyev
- Department of Biotechnology, All-Russia Research Institute for Food Additives — Branch of V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Darya Goryacheva
- Department of Biotechnology, All-Russia Research Institute for Food Additives — Branch of V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anatoliy Nepomnyaschiy
- Department of Biotechnology, All-Russia Research Institute for Food Additives — Branch of V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilya Zubkov
- Department of Biotechnology, All-Russia Research Institute for Food Additives — Branch of V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey Shishlyannikov
- Department of Biotechnology, All-Russia Research Institute for Food Additives — Branch of V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Pavel Sorokoumov
- Department of Biotechnology, All-Russia Research Institute for Food Additives — Branch of V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
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14
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Lad BC, Coleman SM, Alper HS. Microbial valorization of underutilized and nonconventional waste streams. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 49:6371101. [PMID: 34529075 PMCID: PMC9118980 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuab056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The growing burden of waste disposal coupled with natural resource scarcity has renewed interest in the remediation, valorization, and/or repurposing of waste. Traditional approaches such as composting, anaerobic digestion, use in fertilizers or animal feed, or incineration for energy production extract very little value out of these waste streams. In contrast, waste valorization into fuels and other biochemicals via microbial fermentation is an area of growing interest. In this review, we discuss microbial valorization of nonconventional, aqueous waste streams such as food processing effluents, wastewater streams, and other industrial wastes. We categorize these waste streams as carbohydrate-rich food wastes, lipid-rich wastes, and other industrial wastes. Recent advances in microbial valorization of these nonconventional waste streams are highlighted, along with a discussion of the specific challenges and opportunities associated with impurities, nitrogen content, toxicity, and low productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beena C Lad
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, 100 East 24th Street Stop A5000, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Sarah M Coleman
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 200 E Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Hal S Alper
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 200 E Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712 USA.,Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 2500 Speedway Avenue, Austin, Texas 78712 USA
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15
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Muthuraj R, Valerio O, Mekonnen TH. Recent developments in short- and medium-chain- length Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Production, properties, and applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:422-440. [PMID: 34324901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Developing renewable resource-based plastics with complete biodegradability and a minimal carbon footprint can open new opportunities to effectively manage the end-of-life plastics waste and achieve a low carbon society. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biobased and biodegradable thermoplastic polyesters that accumulate in microorganisms (e.g., bacterial, microalgal, and fungal species) as insoluble and inert intracellular inclusion. The PHAs recovery from microorganisms, which typically involves cell lysis, extraction, and purification, provides high molecular weight and purified polyesters that can be compounded and processed using conventional plastics converting equipment. The physio-chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties of the PHAs are comparable to traditional synthetic polymers such as polypropylene and polyethylene. As a result, it has attracted substantial applications interest in packaging, personal care, coatings, agricultural and biomedical uses. However, PHAs have certain performance limitations (e.g. slow crystallization), and substantially more expensive than many other polymers. As such, more research and development is required to enable them for extensive use. This review provides a critical review of the recent progress achieved in PHAs production using different microorganisms, downstream processing, material properties, processing avenues, recycling, aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Muthuraj
- Worn Again Technologies Ltd, Bio City, Pennyfoot St, NG1 1GF Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, United Kingdom
| | - Oscar Valerio
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Tizazu H Mekonnen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Polymer Research, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
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What Is New in the Field of Industrial Wastes Conversion into Polyhydroxyalkanoates by Bacteria? Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13111731. [PMID: 34073198 PMCID: PMC8199472 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising global consumption and industrialization has resulted in increased food processing demand. Food industry generates a tremendous amount of waste which causes serious environmental issues. These problems have forced us to create strategies that will help to reduce the volume of waste and the contamination to the environment. Waste from food industries has great potential as substrates for value-added bioproducts. Among them, polyhydroxyalkanaotes (PHAs) have received considerable attention in recent years due to their comparable characteristics to common plastics. These biodegradable polyesters are produced by microorganisms during fermentation processes utilizing various carbon sources. Scale-up of PHA production is limited due to the cost of the carbon source metabolized by the microorganisms. Therefore, there is a growing need for the development of novel microbial processes using inexpensive carbon sources. Such substrates could be waste generated by the food industry and food service. The use of industrial waste streams for PHAs biosynthesis could transform PHA production into cheaper and more environmentally friendly bioprocess. This review collates in detail recent developments in the biosynthesis of various types of PHAs produced using waste derived from agrofood industries. Challenges associated with this production bioprocess were described, and new ways to overcome them were proposed.
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17
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Sun H, Wang L, Nie H, Diwu Z, Nie M, Zhang B. Optimization and characterization of rhamnolipid production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa NY3 using waste frying oil as the sole carbon. Biotechnol Prog 2021; 37:e3155. [PMID: 33871921 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Yield and cost are two major factors limiting the widespread use of rhamnolipids (RLs). In the present study, waste frying oil (WFO) was used as the sole carbon source to produce environmentally friendly RLs by Pseudomonas aeruginosa NY3. The Plackett-Burman design (PBD) and Box-Behnken design (BBD) methods were used to maximize the production yield of RL. The PBD results showed that the concentrations of NaNO3 , Na2 HPO4 , and trace elements were the key factors affecting the yield of RL. Furthermore, the BBD results showed that at NaNO3 , Na2 HPO4 , and trace elements concentrations were 4.95, 0.66, and 0.64 mL/L, respectively, the average RL yield reached 9.15 ± 0.52 g/L, 1.58-fold higher than that observed before optimization. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and liquid chromatography-ion trap-time of flight mass spectrometry (LCMS-IT-TOF) were used to elucidate the diversity of RL congeners. The results showed that, after optimization, the RL congener diversity increased, and the major RL constituent was converted from di-RLs (64.04%) to mono-RLs (60.44%). These results suggested that the concentrations of the components contained in the culture medium of P. aeruginosa NY3 influenced not only the yield of RL, but also its congener distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sun
- College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongyun Nie
- College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenjun Diwu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation, Xi'an, China
| | - Maiqian Nie
- Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, China
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18
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Ganesh Saratale R, Cho SK, Dattatraya Saratale G, Kadam AA, Ghodake GS, Kumar M, Naresh Bharagava R, Kumar G, Su Kim D, Mulla SI, Seung Shin H. A comprehensive overview and recent advances on polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production using various organic waste streams. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 325:124685. [PMID: 33508681 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are appealing as an important alternative to replace synthetic plastics owing to its comparable physicochemical properties to that of synthetic plastics, and biodegradable and biocompatible nature. This review gives an inclusive overview of the current research activities dealing with PHA production by utilizing different waste fluxes generated from food, milk and sugar processing industries. Valorization of these waste fluxes makes the process cost effective and practically applicable. Recent advances in the approaches adopted for waste treatment, fermentation strategies, and genetic engineering can give insights to the researchers for future direction of waste to bioplastics production. Lastly, synthesis and application of PHA-nanocomposites, research and development challenges, future perspectives for sustainable and cost-effective PHB production are also discussed. In addition, the review addresses the useful information about the opportunities and confines associated with the sustainable PHA production using different waste streams and their evaluation for commercial implementation within a biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rijuta Ganesh Saratale
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Kyung Cho
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyonggido 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Avinash A Kadam
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Gajanan S Ghodake
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyonggido 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Manu Kumar
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si 10326, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ram Naresh Bharagava
- Department of Microbiology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226 025, U.P., India
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Su Kim
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Republic of Korea
| | - Sikandar I Mulla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bangalore 560 064, India
| | - Han Seung Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggido 10326, Republic of Korea
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Dutt Tripathi A, Paul V, Agarwal A, Sharma R, Hashempour-Baltork F, Rashidi L, Khosravi Darani K. Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates using dairy processing waste - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 326:124735. [PMID: 33508643 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bio-plastics are eco-friendly biopolymers finding tremendous application in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Bio-plastics have suitable physicochemical, mechanical properties, and do not cause any type of hazardous pollution upon disposal but have a high production cost. This can be minimized by screening potential bio-polymers producing strains, selecting inexpensive raw material, optimized cultivation conditions, and upstream processing. These bio-plastics specifically microbial-produced bio-polymers such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) find application in food industries as packaging material owing to their desirable water barrier and gas permeability properties. The present review deals with the production, recovery, purification, characterization, and applications of PHAs. This is a comprehensive first review will also focus on different strategies adopted for efficient PHA production using dairy processing waste, its biosynthetic mechanism, metabolic engineering, kinetic aspects, and also biodegradability testing at the lab and pilot plant level. In addition to that, the authors will be emphasizing more on novel PHAs nanocomposites synthesis strategies and their commercial applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Dutt Tripathi
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Veena Paul
- Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aparna Agarwal
- Department of Food & Nutrition and Food Technology, Lady Irwin College, Sikandra Road, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Ruchi Sharma
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonepat, Haryana 131028, India
| | - Fataneh Hashempour-Baltork
- Department of Food Technology Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, P. O. Box: 19395-4741, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Rashidi
- Department of Food and Agricultural Products, Food Technology and Agricultural Products Research Center, Standard Research Institute, Karaj, Iran
| | - Kianoush Khosravi Darani
- Department of Food Technology Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, P. O. Box: 19395-4741, Tehran, Iran.
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Borrero-de Acuña JM, Rohde M, Saldias C, Poblete-Castro I. Fed-Batch mcl- Polyhydroxyalkanoates Production in Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and Δ phaZ Mutant on Biodiesel-Derived Crude Glycerol. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:642023. [PMID: 33796510 PMCID: PMC8007980 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.642023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Crude glycerol has emerged as a suitable feedstock for the biotechnological production of various industrial chemicals given its high surplus catalyzed by the biodiesel industry. Pseudomonas bacteria metabolize the polyol into several biopolymers, including alginate and medium-chain-length poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (mcl-PHAs). Although P. putida is a suited platform to derive these polyoxoesters from crude glycerol, the attained concentrations in batch and fed-batch cultures are still low. In this study, we employed P. putida KT2440 and the hyper-PHA producer ΔphaZ mutant in two different fed-batch modes to synthesize mcl-PHAs from raw glycerol. Initially, the cells grew in a batch phase (μmax 0.21 h–1) for 22 h followed by a carbon-limiting exponential feeding, where the specific growth rate was set at 0.1 (h–1), resulting in a cell dry weight (CDW) of nearly 50 (g L–1) at 40 h cultivation. During the PHA production stage, we supplied the substrate at a constant rate of 50 (g h–1), where the KT2440 and the ΔphaZ produced 9.7 and 12.7 gPHA L–1, respectively, after 60 h cultivation. We next evaluated the PHA production ability of the P. putida strains using a DO-stat approach under nitrogen depletion. Citric acid was the main by-product secreted by the cells, accumulating in the culture broth up to 48 (g L–1) under nitrogen limitation. The mutant ΔphaZ amassed 38.9% of the CDW as mcl-PHA and exhibited a specific PHA volumetric productivity of 0.34 (g L–1 h–1), 48% higher than the parental KT2440 under the same growth conditions. The biosynthesized mcl-PHAs had average molecular weights ranging from 460 to 505 KDa and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 2.4–2.6. Here, we demonstrated that the DO-stat feeding approach in high cell density cultures enables the high yield production of mcl-PHA in P. putida strains using the industrial crude glycerol, where the fed-batch process selection is essential to exploit the superior biopolymer production hallmarks of engineered bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Borrero-de Acuña
- Institute for Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Central Facility of Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cesar Saldias
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Macul, Chile
| | - Ignacio Poblete-Castro
- Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Khatami K, Perez-Zabaleta M, Owusu-Agyeman I, Cetecioglu Z. Waste to bioplastics: How close are we to sustainable polyhydroxyalkanoates production? WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 119:374-388. [PMID: 33139190 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Increased awareness of environmental sustainability with associated strict environmental regulations has incentivized the pursuit of novel materials to replace conventional petroleum-derived plastics. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are appealing intracellular biopolymers and have drawn significant attention as a viable alternative to petrochemical based plastics not only due to their comparable physiochemical properties but also, their outstanding characteristics such as biodegradability and biocompatibility. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the recent developments on the involved PHA producer microorganisms, production process from different waste streams by both pure and mixed microbial cultures (MMCs). Bio-based PHA production, particularly using cheap carbon sources with MMCs, is getting more attention. The main bottlenecks are the low production yield and the inconsistency of the biopolymers. Bioaugmentation and metabolic engineering together with cost effective downstream processing are promising approaches to overcome the hurdles of commercial PHA production from waste streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Khatami
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mariel Perez-Zabaleta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Isaac Owusu-Agyeman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zeynep Cetecioglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Talan A, Kaur R, Tyagi RD, Drogui P. Bioconversion of oily waste to polyhydroxyalkanoates: Sustainable technology with circular bioeconomy approach and multidimensional impacts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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23
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Yañez L, Conejeros R, Vergara-Fernández A, Scott F. Beyond Intracellular Accumulation of Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Chiral Hydroxyalkanoic Acids and Polymer Secretion. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:248. [PMID: 32318553 PMCID: PMC7147478 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are ubiquitous prokaryotic storage compounds of carbon and energy, acting as sinks for reducing power during periods of surplus of carbon source relative to other nutrients. With close to 150 different hydroxyalkanoate monomers identified, the structure and properties of these polyesters can be adjusted to serve applications ranging from food packaging to biomedical uses. Despite its versatility and the intensive research in the area over the last three decades, the market share of PHAs is still low. While considerable rich literature has accumulated concerning biochemical, physiological, and genetic aspects of PHAs intracellular accumulation, the costs of substrates and processing costs, including the extraction of the polymer accumulated in intracellular granules, still hampers a more widespread use of this family of polymers. This review presents a comprehensive survey and critical analysis of the process engineering and metabolic engineering strategies reported in literature aimed at the production of chiral (R)-hydroxycarboxylic acids (RHAs), either from the accumulated polymer or by bypassing the accumulation of PHAs using metabolically engineered bacteria, and the strategies developed to recover the accumulated polymer without using conventional downstream separations processes. Each of these topics, that have received less attention compared to PHAs accumulation, could potentially improve the economy of PHAs production and use. (R)-hydroxycarboxylic acids can be used as chiral precursors, thanks to its easily modifiable functional groups, and can be either produced de-novo or be obtained from recycled PHA products. On the other hand, efficient mechanisms of PHAs release from bacterial cells, including controlled cell lysis and PHA excretion, could reduce downstream costs and simplify the polymer recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Yañez
- Green Technology Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Raúl Conejeros
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Alberto Vergara-Fernández
- Green Technology Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Scott
- Green Technology Research Group, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
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Poblete-Castro I, Aravena-Carrasco C, Orellana-Saez M, Pacheco N, Cabrera A, Borrero-de Acuña JM. Engineering the Osmotic State of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 for Efficient Cell Disruption and Downstream Processing of Poly(3-Hydroxyalkanoates). Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:161. [PMID: 32211393 PMCID: PMC7066983 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the development of novel programmable cell lytic systems based on different inducible genetic constructs like the holin–endolysin and lysozyme appears as a promising alternative to circumvent the use of costly enzymes and mechanical disrupters for downstream processing of intracellular microbial products. Despite the advances, upon activation of these systems the cellular disruption of the biocatalyst occurs in an extended period, thus delaying the recovery of poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA). Herein the osmotic state of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 was engineered by inactivating the inner-membrane residing rescue valve MscL, which is responsible mainly for circumventing low-osmolarity challenges. Then the major outer membrane porin OprF and the specific porin OprE were overproduced during PHA producing conditions on decanoate-grown cells. The engineered P. putida strains carrying each porin showed no impairment on growth rate and final biomass and PHA yield after 48 h cultivation. Expression of both porins in tandem in the mutant strain KTΔmscL-oprFE led to a slight reduction of the biomass synthesis (∼10%) but higher PHA accumulation (%wt) relative to the cell dry mass. Each strain was then challenged to an osmotic upshift for 1 h and subsequently to a rapid passage to a hypotonic condition where the membrane stability of the KTΔmscL-oprFE suffered damage, resulting in a rapid reduction of cell viability. Cell disruption accounted for >95% of the cell population within 3 h as reported by colony forming units (CFU), FACS analyses, and transmission electron microscopy. PHA recovery yielded 94.2% of the biosynthesized biopolymer displaying no significant alterations on the final monomer composition. This study can serve as an efficient genetic platform for the recovery of any microbial intracellular compound allowing less unit operation steps for cellular disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Poblete-Castro
- Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carla Aravena-Carrasco
- Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matias Orellana-Saez
- Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolás Pacheco
- Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alex Cabrera
- Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Manuel Borrero-de Acuña
- Institute of Microbiology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
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25
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Exploiting the natural poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) production capacity of Antarctic Pseudomonas strains: from unique phenotypes to novel biopolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 46:1139-1153. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-019-02186-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Extreme environments are a unique source of microorganisms encoding metabolic capacities that remain largely unexplored. In this work, we isolated two Antarctic bacterial strains able to produce poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs), which were classified after 16S rRNA analysis as Pseudomonas sp. MPC5 and MPC6. The MPC6 strain presented nearly the same specific growth rate whether subjected to a temperature of 4 °C 0.18 (1/h) or 30 °C 0.2 (1/h) on glycerol. Both Pseudomonas strains produced high levels of PHAs and exopolysaccharides from glycerol at 4 °C and 30 °C in batch cultures, an attribute that has not been previously described for bacteria of this genus. The MPC5 strain produced the distinctive medium-chain-length-PHA whereas Pseudomonas sp. MPC6 synthesized a novel polyoxoester composed of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate-co-3-hydroxyoctanoate-co-3-hydroxydecanoate-co-3-hydroxydodecanoate). Batch bioreactor production of PHAs in MPC6 resulted in a titer of 2.6 (g/L) and 1.3 (g/L), accumulating 47.3% and 34.5% of the cell dry mass as PHA, at 30 and 4 °C, respectively. This study paves the way for using Antarctic Pseudomonas strains for biosynthesizing novel PHAs from low-cost substrates such as glycerol and the possibility to carry out the bioconversion process for biopolymer synthesis without the need for temperature control.
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26
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Orellana-Saez M, Pacheco N, Costa JI, Mendez KN, Miossec MJ, Meneses C, Castro-Nallar E, Marcoleta AE, Poblete-Castro I. In-Depth Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization of the Antarctic Psychrotolerant Strain Pseudomonas sp. MPC6 Reveals Unique Metabolic Features, Plasticity, and Biotechnological Potential. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1154. [PMID: 31178851 PMCID: PMC6543543 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We obtained the complete genome sequence of the psychrotolerant extremophile Pseudomonas sp. MPC6, a natural Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) producing bacterium able to rapidly grow at low temperatures. Genomic and phenotypic analyses allowed us to situate this isolate inside the Pseudomonas fluorescens phylogroup of pseudomonads as well as to reveal its metabolic versatility and plasticity. The isolate possesses the gene machinery for metabolizing a variety of toxic aromatic compounds such as toluene, phenol, chloroaromatics, and TNT. In addition, it can use both C6- and C5-carbon sugars like xylose and arabinose as carbon substrates, an uncommon feature for bacteria of this genus. Furthermore, Pseudomonas sp. MPC6 exhibits a high-copy number of genes encoding for enzymes involved in oxidative and cold-stress response that allows it to cope with high concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu) and low temperatures, a finding that was further validated experimentally. We then assessed the growth performance of MPC6 on glycerol using a temperature range from 0 to 45°C, the latter temperature corresponding to the limit at which this Antarctic isolate was no longer able to propagate. On the other hand, the MPC6 genome comprised considerably less virulence and drug resistance factors as compared to pathogenic Pseudomonas strains, thus supporting its safety. Unexpectedly, we found five PHA synthases within the genome of MPC6, one of which clustered separately from the other four. This PHA synthase shared only 40% sequence identity at the amino acid level against the only PHA polymerase described for Pseudomonas (63-1 strain) able to produce copolymers of short- and medium-chain length PHAs. Batch cultures for PHA synthesis in Pseudomonas sp. MPC6 using sugars, decanoate, ethylene glycol, and organic acids as carbon substrates result in biopolymers with different monomer compositions. This indicates that the PHA synthases play a critical role in defining not only the final chemical structure of the biosynthesized PHA, but also the employed biosynthetic pathways. Based on the results obtained, we conclude that Pseudomonas sp. MPC6 can be exploited as a bioremediator and biopolymer factory, as well as a model strain to unveil molecular mechanisms behind adaptation to cold and extreme environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Orellana-Saez
- Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolas Pacheco
- Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - José I Costa
- Integrative Microbiology Group, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Katterinne N Mendez
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matthieu J Miossec
- Computational Genomics Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Meneses
- Centro de Biotecnología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Castro-Nallar
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés E Marcoleta
- Integrative Microbiology Group, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio Poblete-Castro
- Biosystems Engineering Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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