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Masenga SK, Liweleya S, Kirabo A. High salt intake and HIV infection on endothelial glycocalyx shedding in salt-sensitive hypertension. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1395885. [PMID: 39081863 PMCID: PMC11286502 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1395885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The endothelial glycocalyx is closely associated with various physiological and pathophysiological events. Significant modification of the endothelial glycocalyx is an early process in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. High dietary salt and HIV infection damages the endothelial glycocalyx causing endothelial dysfunction and increasing the risk for salt-sensitive hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The two factors, HIV infection and dietary salt are critical independent predictors of hypertension and cardiovascular disease and often synergize to exacerbate and accelerate disease pathogenesis. Salt-sensitive hypertension is more common among people living with HIV and is associated with risk for cardiovascular disease, stroke, heart attack and even death. However, the underlying mechanisms linking endothelial glycocalyx damage to dietary salt and HIV infection are lacking. Yet, both HIV infection/treatment and dietary salt are closely linked to endothelial glycocalyx damage and development of salt-sensitive hypertension. Moreover, the majority of individuals globally, consume more salt than is recommended and the burden of HIV especially in sub-Sahara Africa is disproportionately high. In this review, we have discussed the missing link between high salt and endothelial glycocalyx shedding in the pathogenesis of salt-sensitive hypertension. We have further elaborated the role played by HIV infection and treatment in modifying endothelial glycocalyx integrity to contribute to the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepiso K. Masenga
- HAND Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, Livingstone, Zambia
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Situmbeko Liweleya
- HAND Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, Livingstone, Zambia
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Nashville, TN, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Nashville, TN, United States
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2
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Saleem M, Ahmad T, Haynes AP, Albritton CF, Mwesigwa N, Graber MK, Kirabo A, Shibao CA. Innovative assessment of lipid-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in harvested human endothelial cells. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16048. [PMID: 38872467 PMCID: PMC11176576 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Studying acute changes in vascular endothelial cells in humans is challenging. We studied ten African American women and used the J-wire technique to isolate vein endothelial cells before and after a four-hour lipid and heparin infusion. Dynamic changes in lipid-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were measured with fluorescence-activated cell sorting. We used the surface markers CD31 and CD144 to identify human endothelial cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from blood were used as a negative control. The participants received galantamine (16 mg/day) for 3 months. We previously demonstrated that galantamine treatment effectively suppresses lipid-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. In this study, we infused lipids to evaluate its potential to increase the activation of endothelial cells, as assessed by the levels of CD54+ endothelial cells and expression of Growth arrest-specific 6 compared to the baseline sample. Further, we aimed to investigate whether lipid infusion led to increased expression of the oxidative stress markers IsoLGs and nitrotyrosine in endothelial cells. This approach will expedite the in vivo identification of novel pathways linked with endothelial cell dysfunction induced by oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. This study describes an innovative method to harvest and study human endothelial cells and demonstrates the dynamic changes in oxidative stress and inflammatory markers release induced by lipid infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saleem
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Taseer Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, University Road, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Alexandria Porcia Haynes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Claude F Albritton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Naome Mwesigwa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Meghan K Graber
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Cyndya A Shibao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Haynes AP, Desta S, Ahmad T, Neikirk K, Hinton A, Bloodworth N, Kirabo A. The Antioxidative Effects of Flavones in Hypertensive Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2877. [PMID: 38001878 PMCID: PMC10669108 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is the leading remediable risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the United States. Excess dietary salt consumption, which is a catalyst of hypertension, initiates an inflammatory cascade via activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). This pro-inflammatory response is driven primarily by sodium ions (Na+) transporting into APCs by the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and subsequent NADPH oxidase activation, leading to high levels of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, a well-known catalyst for hypertension-related illness development, disturbs redox homeostasis, which ultimately promotes lipid peroxidation, isolevuglandin production and an inflammatory response. Natural medicinal compounds derived from organic materials that are characterized by their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-mutagenic properties have recently gained traction amongst the pharmacology community due to their therapeutic effects. Flavonoids, a natural phenolic compound, have these therapeutic benefits and can potentially serve as anti-hypertensives. Flavones are a type of flavonoid that have increased anti-inflammatory effects that may allow them to act as therapeutic agents for hypertension, including diosmetin, which is able to induce significant arterial vasodilation in several different animal models. This review will focus on the activity of flavones to illuminate potential preventative and potential therapeutic mechanisms against hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria Porcia Haynes
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215 Garland Avenue, P415C Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN 37212, USA; (A.P.H.); (S.D.); (T.A.)
| | - Selam Desta
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215 Garland Avenue, P415C Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN 37212, USA; (A.P.H.); (S.D.); (T.A.)
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Taseer Ahmad
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215 Garland Avenue, P415C Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN 37212, USA; (A.P.H.); (S.D.); (T.A.)
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, University Road, Sargodha 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Kit Neikirk
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 2201 West End Ave, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; (K.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Antentor Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 2201 West End Ave, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; (K.N.); (A.H.)
| | - Nathaniel Bloodworth
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215 Garland Avenue, P415C Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN 37212, USA; (A.P.H.); (S.D.); (T.A.)
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2215 Garland Avenue, P415C Medical Research Building IV, Nashville, TN 37212, USA; (A.P.H.); (S.D.); (T.A.)
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4
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Sembajwe LF, Ssekandi AM, Namaganda A, Muwonge H, Kasolo JN, Kalyesubula R, Nakimuli A, Naome M, Patel KP, Masenga SK, Kirabo A. Glycocalyx-Sodium Interaction in Vascular Endothelium. Nutrients 2023; 15:2873. [PMID: 37447199 PMCID: PMC10343370 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The glycocalyx generally covers almost all cellular surfaces, where it participates in mediating cell-surface interactions with the extracellular matrix as well as with intracellular signaling molecules. The endothelial glycocalyx that covers the luminal surface mediates the interactions of endothelial cells with materials flowing in the circulating blood, including blood cells. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. The cardiovascular risk factors start by causing endothelial cell dysfunction associated with destruction or irregular maintenance of the glycocalyx, which may culminate into a full-blown cardiovascular disease. The endothelial glycocalyx plays a crucial role in shielding the cell from excessive exposure and absorption of excessive salt, which can potentially cause damage to the endothelial cells and underlying tissues of the blood vessels. So, in this mini review/commentary, we delineate and provide a concise summary of the various components of the glycocalyx, their interaction with salt, and subsequent involvement in the cardiovascular disease process. We also highlight the major components of the glycocalyx that could be used as disease biomarkers or as drug targets in the management of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence Fred Sembajwe
- Department of Medical Physiology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala P.O. Box 7072, Uganda; (A.M.S.); (A.N.); (H.M.); (J.N.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Abdul M. Ssekandi
- Department of Medical Physiology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala P.O. Box 7072, Uganda; (A.M.S.); (A.N.); (H.M.); (J.N.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Agnes Namaganda
- Department of Medical Physiology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala P.O. Box 7072, Uganda; (A.M.S.); (A.N.); (H.M.); (J.N.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Haruna Muwonge
- Department of Medical Physiology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala P.O. Box 7072, Uganda; (A.M.S.); (A.N.); (H.M.); (J.N.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Josephine N. Kasolo
- Department of Medical Physiology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala P.O. Box 7072, Uganda; (A.M.S.); (A.N.); (H.M.); (J.N.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Robert Kalyesubula
- Department of Medical Physiology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala P.O. Box 7072, Uganda; (A.M.S.); (A.N.); (H.M.); (J.N.K.); (R.K.)
| | - Annettee Nakimuli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala P.O. Box 7072, Uganda;
| | - Mwesigwa Naome
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;
| | - Kaushik P. Patel
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA;
| | - Sepiso K. Masenga
- Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, Kabwe P.O. Box 80415, Zambia;
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;
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Masenga SK, Kirabo A. Hypertensive heart disease: risk factors, complications and mechanisms. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1205475. [PMID: 37342440 PMCID: PMC10277698 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1205475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive heart disease constitutes functional and structural dysfunction and pathogenesis occurring primarily in the left ventricle, the left atrium and the coronary arteries due to chronic uncontrolled hypertension. Hypertensive heart disease is underreported and the mechanisms underlying its correlates and complications are not well elaborated. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of hypertensive heart disease, we discuss in detail the mechanisms associated with development and complications of hypertensive heart disease especially left ventricular hypertrophy, atrial fibrillation, heart failure and coronary artery disease. We also briefly highlight the role of dietary salt, immunity and genetic predisposition in hypertensive heart disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepiso K. Masenga
- HAND Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, Livingstone Cam-Pus, Livingstone, Zambia
- School of Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Centre, Nashville, TN, United States
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Aboukhater D, Morad B, Nasrallah N, Nasser SA, Sahebkar A, Kobeissy F, Boudaka A, Eid AH. Inflammation and hypertension: Underlying mechanisms and emerging understandings. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1148-1159. [PMID: 37039489 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension remains a major contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of global death. One of the major insults that drive increased blood pressure is inflammation. While it is the body's defensive response against some homeostatic imbalances, inflammation, when dysregulated, can be very deleterious. In this review, we highlight and discuss the causative relationship between inflammation and hypertension. We critically discuss how the interplay between inflammation and reactive oxygen species evokes endothelial damage and dysfunction, ultimately leading to narrowing and stiffness of blood vessels. This, along with phenotypic switching of the vascular smooth muscle cells and the abnormal increase in extracellular matrix deposition further exacerbates arterial stiffness and noncompliance. We also discuss how hyperhomocysteinemia and microRNA act as links between inflammation and hypertension. The premises we discuss suggest that the blue-sky scenarios for targeting the underlying mechanisms of hypertension necessitate further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Aboukhater
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bassel Morad
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadim Nasrallah
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Neurobiology and Neuroscience, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ammar Boudaka
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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7
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Mutengo KH, Masenga SK, Mweemba A, Mutale W, Kirabo A. Gut microbiota dependant trimethylamine N-oxide and hypertension. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1075641. [PMID: 37089429 PMCID: PMC10118022 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1075641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota environment is constantly changing and some specific changes influence the host's metabolic, immune, and neuroendocrine functions. Emerging evidence of the gut microbiota's role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) including hypertension is remarkable. There is evidence showing that alterations in the gut microbiota and especially the gut-dependant metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide is associated with hypertension. However, there is a scarcity of literature addressing the role of trimethylamine N-oxide in hypertension pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss the impact of the gut microbiota and gut microbiota dependant trimethylamine N-oxide in the pathogenesis of hypertension. We present evidence from both human and animal studies and further discuss new insights relating to potential therapies for managing hypertension by altering the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katongo H. Mutengo
- HAND Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, Livingstone, Zambia
- Schools of Public Health and Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Sepiso K. Masenga
- HAND Research Group, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mulungushi University, Livingstone, Zambia
- Schools of Public Health and Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Aggrey Mweemba
- Department of Medicine, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Wilbroad Mutale
- School of Public Health, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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Benson LN, Liu Y, Deck K, Mora C, Mu S. IFN- γ Contributes to the Immune Mechanisms of Hypertension. KIDNEY360 2022; 3:2164-2173. [PMID: 36591357 PMCID: PMC9802558 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0001292022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and the primary risk factor for mortality worldwide. For more than half a century, researchers have demonstrated that immunity plays an important role in the development of hypertension; however, the precise mechanisms are still under investigation. The current body of knowledge indicates that proinflammatory cytokines may play an important role in contributing to immune-related pathogenesis of hypertension. Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), in particular, as an important cytokine that modulates immune responses, has been recently identified as a critical regulator of blood pressure by several groups, including us. In this review, we focus on exploring the role of IFN-γ in contributing to the pathogenesis of hypertension, outlining the various immune producers of this cytokine and described signaling mechanisms involved. We demonstrate a key role for IFN-γ in hypertension through global knockout studies and related downstream signaling pathways that IFN-γ production from CD8+ T cell (CD8T) in the kidney promoting CD8T-stimulated salt retention via renal tubule cells, thereby exacerbating hypertension. We discuss potential activators of these T cells described by the current literature and relay a novel hypothesis for activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance N. Benson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Yunmeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Katherine Deck
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Christoph Mora
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Shengyu Mu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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Bloodworth N, Barbaro NR, Moretti R, Harrison DG, Meiler J. Rosetta FlexPepDock to predict peptide-MHC binding: An approach for non-canonical amino acids. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275759. [PMID: 36512534 PMCID: PMC9746977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Computation methods that predict the binding of peptides to MHC-I are important tools for screening and identifying immunogenic antigens and have the potential to accelerate vaccine and drug development. However, most available tools are sequence-based and optimized only for peptides containing the twenty canonical amino acids. This omits a large number of peptides containing non-canonical amino acids (NCAA), or residues that undergo varied post-translational modifications such as glycosylation or phosphorylation. These modifications fundamentally alter peptide immunogenicity. Similarly, existing structure-based methods are biased towards canonical peptide backbone structures, which may or may not be preserved when NCAAs are present. Rosetta FlexPepDock ab-initio is a structure-based computational protocol able to evaluate peptide-receptor interaction where no prior information of the peptide backbone is known. We benchmarked FlexPepDock ab-initio for docking canonical peptides to MHC-I, and illustrate for the first time the method's ability to accurately model MHC-I bound epitopes containing NCAAs. FlexPepDock ab-initio protocol was able to recapitulate near-native structures (≤1.5Å) in the top lowest-energy models for 20 out of 25 cases in our initial benchmark. Using known experimental binding affinities of twenty peptides derived from an influenza-derived peptide, we showed that FlexPepDock protocol is able to predict relative binding affinity as Rosetta energies correlate well with experimental values (r = 0.59, p = 0.006). ROC analysis revealed 80% true positive and a 40% false positive rate, with a prediction power of 93%. Finally, we demonstrate the protocol's ability to accurately recapitulate HLA-A*02:01 bound phosphopeptide backbone structures and relative binding affinity changes, the theoretical structure of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis derived glycosylated peptide GP392 bound to MHC-I H-2Db, and isolevuglandin-adducted peptides. The ability to use non-canonical amino acids in the Rosetta FlexPepDock protocol may provide useful insight into critical amino acid positions where the post-translational modification modulates immunologic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Bloodworth
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Natália Ruggeri Barbaro
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Rocco Moretti
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - David G. Harrison
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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10
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Study of reactive dye/serum albumin interactions: thermodynamic parameters, protein alterations and computational analysis. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02561-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Araos P, Amador CA. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as an immunomodulator in endocrine hypertension. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1006790. [PMID: 36387895 PMCID: PMC9640732 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1006790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent studies, primary aldosteronism (PA) has been reported as the most common etiology for secondary hypertension of endocrine origin, accounting for approximately 10% of cases. In PA, excess aldosterone production can lead to deleterious effects at the cardiovascular (CV) and renal levels by activating mineralocorticoid receptors, which involves an increase in pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic mediators. Among these mediators, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a secretion glycoprotein belonging to the lipocalin superfamily, has been closely linked to CV and renal damage in several pathological conditions. Because NGAL can be detected in biofluids such as plasma and urine, it has been proposed as a damage biomarker for target tissues and has also been studied for its role in hypertension and associated with PA. NGAL is produced by many different cell types, can be carried on extracellular vesicles, and is modulated by microRNAs, which would support its use as a biomarker for endocrine hypertension due to PA. Over the last decade, studies have shown that NGAL is necessary for the development of aldosterone-induced hypertension and that is associated with end-organ damage. In addition, it has been proposed that some mechanisms are dependent on the activation of immune cells, such as dendritic cells and macrophages, where the release of specific cytokines (i.e., interleukin [IL]-23) or chemokines (i.e., CCL-5) induced by aldosterone would depend on NGAL. Subsequently, this activates the T helper (Th) lymphocytes, such as Th17 and Th2, resulting in CV and renal fibrosis due to the high aldosterone levels. Although the immune system has been closely associated with essential hypertension, its participation in endocrine hypertension has not been fully elucidated. This review discusses the link between NGAL and endocrine hypertension, particularly in the context of PA, and their possible regulators and mechanisms, with a focus on its role as an immunomodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Araos
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Renal, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristián A. Amador
- Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Renal, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Cristián A. Amador,
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Ngwenyama N, Kirabo A, Aronovitz M, Velázquez F, Carrillo-Salinas F, Salvador AM, Nevers T, Amarnath V, Tai A, Blanton RM, Harrison DG, Alcaide P. Isolevuglandin-Modified Cardiac Proteins Drive CD4+ T-Cell Activation in the Heart and Promote Cardiac Dysfunction. Circulation 2021; 143:1242-1255. [PMID: 33463362 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.051889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the well-established association between T-cell-mediated inflammation and nonischemic heart failure, the specific mechanisms triggering T-cell activation during the progression of heart failure and the antigens involved are poorly understood. We hypothesized that myocardial oxidative stress induces the formation of isolevuglandin (IsoLG)-modified proteins that function as cardiac neoantigens to elicit CD4+ T-cell receptor (TCR) activation and promote heart failure. METHODS We used transverse aortic constriction in mice to trigger myocardial oxidative stress and T-cell infiltration. We profiled the TCR repertoire by mRNA sequencing of intramyocardial activated CD4+ T cells in Nur77GFP reporter mice, which transiently express GFP on TCR engagement. We assessed the role of antigen presentation and TCR specificity in the development of cardiac dysfunction using antigen presentation-deficient MhcII-/- mice and TCR transgenic OTII mice that lack specificity for endogenous antigens. We detected IsoLG protein adducts in failing human hearts. We also evaluated the role of reactive oxygen species and IsoLGs in eliciting T-cell immune responses in vivo by treating mice with the antioxidant TEMPOL and the IsoLG scavenger 2-hydroxybenzylamine during transverse aortic constriction, and ex vivo in mechanistic studies of CD4+ T-cell proliferation in response to IsoLG-modified cardiac proteins. RESULTS We discovered that TCR antigen recognition increases in the left ventricle as cardiac dysfunction progresses and identified a limited repertoire of activated CD4+ T-cell clonotypes in the left ventricle. Antigen presentation of endogenous antigens was required to develop cardiac dysfunction because MhcII-/- mice reconstituted with CD4+ T cells and OTII mice immunized with their cognate antigen were protected from transverse aortic constriction-induced cardiac dysfunction despite the presence of left ventricle-infiltrated CD4+ T cells. Scavenging IsoLGs with 2-hydroxybenzylamine reduced TCR activation and prevented cardiac dysfunction. Mechanistically, cardiac pressure overload resulted in reactive oxygen species-dependent dendritic cell accumulation of IsoLG protein adducts, which induced robust CD4+ T-cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates an important role of reactive oxygen species-induced formation of IsoLG-modified cardiac neoantigens that lead to TCR-dependent CD4+ T-cell activation within the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Njabulo Ngwenyama
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.N., F.V., F.C.-S., A.M.S., T.N., A.T., P.A.)
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.K., D.G.H.)
| | - Mark Aronovitz
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (M.A., R.M.B.)
| | - Francisco Velázquez
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.N., F.V., F.C.-S., A.M.S., T.N., A.T., P.A.)
| | | | - Ane M Salvador
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.N., F.V., F.C.-S., A.M.S., T.N., A.T., P.A.)
| | - Tania Nevers
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.N., F.V., F.C.-S., A.M.S., T.N., A.T., P.A.)
| | - Venkataraman Amarnath
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (V.A.)
| | - Albert Tai
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.N., F.V., F.C.-S., A.M.S., T.N., A.T., P.A.)
| | - Robert M Blanton
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (M.A., R.M.B.)
| | - David G Harrison
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN (A.K., D.G.H.)
| | - Pilar Alcaide
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, Boston, MA (N.N., F.V., F.C.-S., A.M.S., T.N., A.T., P.A.)
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13
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Aschner M, Nguyen TT, Sinitskii AI, Santamaría A, Bornhorst J, Ajsuvakova OP, da Rocha JBT, Skalny AV, Tinkov AA. Isolevuglandins (isoLGs) as toxic lipid peroxidation byproducts and their pathogenetic role in human diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 162:266-273. [PMID: 33099003 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation results in generation of a variety of lipid hydroperoxides and other highly reactive species that covalently modify proteins, nucleic acids, and other lipids, thus resulting in lipotoxicity. Although biological relevance of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA) is well studied, the existing data on the role of isolevuglandins (isoLGs) in pathology are insufficient. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to review the existing data on biological effects of isoLG and isoLG adducts and their role in multiple diseases. Sixty four highly reactive levuglandin-like γ-ketoaldehyde (γ-KA, or isoketals, IsoK, or isolevuglandins, IsoLG) regio- and stereo-isomers are formed as products of arachidonic acid oxidation. IsoLGs react covalently with lysyl residues of proteins to form a stable adduct and intramolecular aminal, bispyrrole, and trispyrrole cross-links. Phosphatidylethanolamine was also shown to be the target for isoLG binding as compared to proteins and DNA. Free IsoLGs are not detectable in vivo, although isolevuglandin adduction to amino acid residues of particular proteins may be evaluated with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Adducts formed were shown to play a significant role in the development and maintenance of oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. These, and more specific molecular pathways, link isoLG and isoLG-adduct formation to develop a variety of pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis, hypertension, heart failure), obesity and diabetes, cancer, neurodegeneration, eye diseases (retinal degeneration and glaucoma), as well as ageing. Hypothetically, isoLGs and isoLG adduct formation may be considered as the potential target for treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Thuy T Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Abel Santamaría
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Olga P Ajsuvakova
- Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | | | - Anatoly V Skalny
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
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14
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Hou L, Guan S, Jin Y, Sun W, Wang Q, Du Y, Zhang R. Cell metabolomics to study the cytotoxicity of carbon black nanoparticles on A549 cells using UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS and multivariate data analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134122. [PMID: 31505349 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) are core component of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the atmosphere. It was reported that the particle in the atmosphere with smaller size and the larger the specific surface area are easier to reach the deep respiratory tract or even the alveoli through the respiratory barrier and cause lung injury. Therefore, it has been believed that ultrafine or nanometer particles with more toxic than those with larger particle sizes. Moreover, it was confirmed that CBNPs could induce inflammation, oxidative stress and changes in cell signaling and gene expression in mammalian cells and organs. However, the cytotoxicity mechanism of them has been uncertain so far. The aim of the present study was to explore the underlying mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by CBNPs on A549 cells. In the current research, the viabilities of A549 cells were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The further metabolomics studies were conducted to detect the cytotoxic effect of CBNPs on A549 cells with an IC50 value of 70 μg/mL for 48 h. Potential differential compounds were identified and quantified using a novel on-line acquisition method based on ultra-liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS). The cytotoxicity mechanism of CBNPs on A549 cells was evaluated by multivariate data analysis and statistics. As a result, a total of 32 differential compounds were identified between CBNPs exposure and control groups. In addition, pathway analysis showed the metabolic changes were involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, histidine metabolism and so on. It is also suggested that CBNPs may induce cytotoxicity by affecting the normal process of energy metabolism and disturbing several vital signaling pathways and finally induce cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludan Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, PR China
| | - Shuai Guan
- The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Yiran Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, PR China; The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, PR China
| | - Wenjing Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, PR China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, PR China
| | - Yingfeng Du
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, PR China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, PR China
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15
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Gęgotek A, Skrzydlewska E. Biological effect of protein modifications by lipid peroxidation products. Chem Phys Lipids 2019; 221:46-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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16
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Nunes J, Charneira C, Morello J, Rodrigues J, Pereira SA, Antunes AMM. Mass Spectrometry-Based Methodologies for Targeted and Untargeted Identification of Protein Covalent Adducts (Adductomics): Current Status and Challenges. High Throughput 2019; 8:ht8020009. [PMID: 31018479 PMCID: PMC6631461 DOI: 10.3390/ht8020009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein covalent adducts formed upon exposure to reactive (mainly electrophilic) chemicals may lead to the development of a wide range of deleterious health outcomes. Therefore, the identification of protein covalent adducts constitutes a huge opportunity for a better understanding of events underlying diseases and for the development of biomarkers which may constitute effective tools for disease diagnosis/prognosis, for the application of personalized medicine approaches and for accurately assessing human exposure to chemical toxicants. The currently available mass spectrometry (MS)-based methodologies, are clearly the most suitable for the analysis of protein covalent modifications, providing accuracy, sensitivity, unbiased identification of the modified residue and conjugates along with quantitative information. However, despite the huge technological advances in MS instrumentation and bioinformatics tools, the identification of low abundant protein covalent adducts is still challenging. This review is aimed at summarizing the MS-based methodologies currently used for the identification of protein covalent adducts and the strategies developed to overcome the analytical challenges, involving not only sample pre-treatment procedures but also distinct MS and data analysis approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Nunes
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, ULisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Charneira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, ULisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Judit Morello
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, ULisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - João Rodrigues
- Clarify Analytical, Rua dos Mercadores 128A, 7000-872 Évora, Portugal.
| | - Sofia A Pereira
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-006 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Alexandra M M Antunes
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, ULisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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