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Ma N, Han L, Hou S, Gui L, Yuan Z, Sun S, Wang Z, Yang B, Yang C. Insights into the effects of saline forage on the meat quality of Tibetan sheep by metabolome and multivariate analysis. Food Chem X 2024; 22:101411. [PMID: 38756473 PMCID: PMC11096943 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate how two different types of forage (saline and alkaline) impact the meat quality and muscle metabolism of Tibetan sheep. An integrative multi-omics analysis of meat quality and different metabolites was performed using untargeted and targeted metabolomics approaches. The research results indicated that GG grass (saline and alkaline forage) possessed superior characteristics in terms of apparent quality and secondary metabolite content compared with HG grass (Non saline alkali forage), regardless of the targeted metabolites or non-targeted ones. Simultaneously, under stress conditions, the carbohydrates-rich salt-alkali grass play a significant role in slowing down the decline in pH, increasing the unsaturated fatty acid content and reducing the thawing loss in Tibetan sheep. This study provides an understanding of the impact of different salt-alkali grass on the quality of Tibetan sheep meat, while providing a scientific basis for the future development of salt-alkali livestock industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Ma
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Lijuan Han
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Shengzhen Hou
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Linsheng Gui
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yuan
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Shengnan Sun
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zhiyou Wang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Baochun Yang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Chao Yang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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Liang H, Tao S, Wang Y, Zhao J, Yan C, Wu Y, Liu N, Qin Y. Astragalus polysaccharide: implication for intestinal barrier, anti-inflammation, and animal production. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1364739. [PMID: 38757131 PMCID: PMC11096541 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1364739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestine is responsible for nutrients absorption and plays a key role in defending against various dietary allergens, antigens, toxins, and pathogens. Accumulating evidence reported a critical role of intestine in maintaining animal and human health. Since the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in animal feed has been restricted in many countries, alternatives to antibiotics have been globally investigated, and polysaccharides are considered as environmentally friendly and promising alternatives to improve intestinal health, which has become a research hotspot due to its antibiotic substitution effect. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), a biological macromolecule, is extracted from astragalus and has been reported to exhibit complex biological activities involved in intestinal barrier integrity maintenance, intestinal microbiota regulation, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production, and immune response regulation, which are critical for intestine health. The biological activity of APS is related to its chemical structure. In this review, we outlined the source and structure of APS, highlighted recent findings on the regulation of APS on physical barrier, biochemical barrier, immunological barrier, and immune response as well as the latest progress of APS as an antibiotic substitute in animal production. We hope this review could provide scientific basis and new insights for the application of APS in nutrition, clinical medicine and health by understanding particular effects of APS on intestine health, anti-inflammation, and animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Siming Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghe Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Yao J, Peng T, Shao C, Liu Y, Lin H, Liu Y. The Antioxidant Action of Astragali radix: Its Active Components and Molecular Basis. Molecules 2024; 29:1691. [PMID: 38675511 PMCID: PMC11052376 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Astragali radix is a traditional medicinal herb with a long history and wide application. It is frequently used in prescriptions with other medicinal materials to replenish Qi. According to the classics of traditional Chinese medicine, Astragali radix is attributed with properties such as Qi replenishing and surface solidifying, sore healing and muscle generating, and inducing diuresis to reduce edema. Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that some extracts and active ingredients in Astragali radix function as antioxidants. The polysaccharides, saponins, and flavonoids in Astragali radix offer beneficial effects in preventing and controlling diseases caused by oxidative stress. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive research on the effective components and molecular mechanisms through which Astragali radix exerts antioxidant activity. In this paper, we review the active components with antioxidant effects in Astragali radix; summarize the content, bioavailability, and antioxidant mechanisms; and offer a reference for the clinical application of Astragalus and the future development of novel antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730101, China; (T.P.); (C.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Ting Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730101, China; (T.P.); (C.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Changxin Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730101, China; (T.P.); (C.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730013, China;
| | - Huanhuan Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730101, China; (T.P.); (C.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Yongqi Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730013, China;
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Zhao X, Hao S, Zhang J, Yao Y, Li L, Sun L, Qin S, Nian F, Tang D. Aerial parts of Angelica sinensis supplementation for improved broiler growth and intestinal health. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103473. [PMID: 38340660 PMCID: PMC10869287 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This research examined the impact of incorporating Angelica sinensis's aerial components (APA), commonly referred to as "female ginseng", into broilers' diet. Two hundred eighty-eight 1-day-old Cobb 500 broilers were randomly assigned to the 4 experimental groups with 6 replications and 12 birds/replicate. The 4 groups were fed the diets included 4 concentrations of APA (0, 1, 2, and 3%, respectively). The study spanned 42 d, categorized as the starter phase (1-21 d) and the finisher phase (22-42 d). Notably, broilers fed with 3% APA demonstrated a pronounced surge in feed consumption and weight gain during the 22 to 42 d and over the full 42-d period (P < 0.05). Furthermore, when examining the broilers' intestinal structure, there was a notable increase in the villus height and villi ratio across the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum, with a decrease in crypt depth upon 3% APA inclusion (P < 0.05). On a molecular note, certain genes connected to the intestinal mechanical barrier, such as Zona Occludens 1 and Claudin-2, saw significant elevation in the jejunum (P < 0.05). The jejunum also displayed heightened levels of antimicrobial peptides like lysozyme, mucin 2, sIgA, IgG, and IgM, showcasing an enhanced chemical and immune barrier (P < 0.05). Delving into the 16SrDNA sequencing of intestinal content, a higher microbial diversity was evident with a surge in beneficial bacteria, particularly Firmicutes, advocating a resilient and balanced microecosystem. The findings imply that a 3% APA dietary addition bolsters growth metrics and fortifies the intestinal barrier's structural and functional integrity in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shengyan Hao
- Animal Husbandry, Pasture and Green Agricultute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yali Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Lulu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Likun Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shizhen Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Fang Nian
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Defu Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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Cheng Y, Liu S, Wang F, Wang T, Yin L, Chen J, Fu C. Effects of Dietary Terminalia chebula Extract on Growth Performance, Immune Function, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Health of Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:746. [PMID: 38473130 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Terminalia chebula extract (TCE) has many physiological functions and is potentially helpful in maintaining poultry health, but its specific effect on the growth of broilers is not yet known. This research investigated the effects of dietary Terminalia chebula extract (TCE) supplementation on growth performance, immune function, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health in yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 288 one-day-old yellow-feathered broilers were divided into four treatment groups (72 broilers/group), each with six replicates of 12 broilers. The broilers were given a basal diet of corn-soybean meal supplemented with 0 (control), 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg TCE for 56 d. The results demonstrated that, compared with the basal diet, the addition of TCE significantly increased (linear and quadratic, p < 0.05) the final body weight and overall weight gain and performance and decreased (linear and quadratic, p < 0.05) the feed-to-gain ratio in the overall period. Dietary TCE increased (linear, p < 0.05) the levels of IgM, IL-4, and IL-10 and decreased (linear and quadratic, p < 0.05) the level of IL-6 in the serum. Dietary TCE increased (linear and quadratic, p < 0.05) the levels of IL-2 and IL-4, decreased (linear and quadratic, p < 0.05) the level of IL-1β, and decreased (linear, p < 0.05) the level of IL-6 in the liver. Dietary TCE increased (linear and quadratic, p < 0.05) the level of IgM and IL-10, increased (linear, p < 0.05) the level of IgG, and decreased (linear and quadratic, p < 0.05) the levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in the spleen. Supplementation with TCE linearly and quadratically increased (p < 0.05) the catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and total antioxidant capacity activities while decreasing (p < 0.05) the malonic dialdehyde concentrations in the serum, liver, and spleen. TCE-containing diets for broilers resulted in a higher (linear and quadratic, p < 0.05) villus height, a higher (linear and quadratic, p < 0.05) ratio of villus height to crypt depth, and a lower (linear and quadratic, p < 0.05) crypt depth compared with the basal diet. TCE significantly increased (linear, p < 0.05) the acetic and butyric acid concentrations and decreased (quadratic, p < 0.05) the isovaleric acid concentration. Bacteroidaceae and Bacteroides, which regulate the richness and diversity of microorganisms, were more abundant and contained when TCE was added to the diet. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that supplementing broilers with TCE could boost their immune function, antioxidant capacity, and gut health, improving their growth performance; they could also provide a reference for future research on TCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cheng
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Shida Liu
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Lichen Yin
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jiashun Chen
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chenxing Fu
- Animal Nutritional Genome and Germplasm Innovation Research Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Wu D, Liang S, Du X, Xiao J, Feng H, Ren Z, Yang X, Yang X. Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation and fecal virome transplantation on LPS-induced intestinal injury in broilers. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103316. [PMID: 38128454 PMCID: PMC10776634 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The interesting roles and efficiencies of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) have attracted considerable attention and have been gradually evidenced in specific animal models. While the growing evidence that bacteriophages play roles in FMT efficacy has attracted considerable interest. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of FMT and fecal virome transplantation (FVT) in improving inflammatory damage and ileal microbiota disorder in broilers. A total of 224 Arbor Acres broilers were selected at 1-day-old and randomly divided into the following 4 groups, with 56 broilers in each group: the CON group (the negative control group, sterile physiological saline injection + sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution gavage), LPS group (the positive control group, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection + sterile PBS solution gavage), LPS + FMT group (LPS injection + FMT solution gavage), LPS + FVT group (LPS injection + FVT solution gavage). The results showed that: LPS injection significantly upregulated the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ (P < 0.05) and IL-8 (P < 0.001) in ileal mucosa of broilers at 11th day of age (D11), while LPS + FMT and LPS + FVT did not; LPS injection significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of ZO-1 in ileal mucosa at D11 (P < 0.01), while LPS + FMT and LPS + FVT did not; at D11, compare to CON group, LPS injection and LPS + FMT significantly increased the relative abundance of virulence factor Rab2 interacting conserved protein A-related genes in broiler ileum contents (P < 0.05), while LPS + FVT had no significant difference with CON group (P > 0.05); at D11, LPS injection significantly downregulated the biosynthesis of antibiotics pathway (P < 0.05) in the ileal contents, while LPS + FVT did not. In conclusion, both FMT and FVT could promote the recovery of inflammation caused by LPS. Furthermore, FVT had shown less disadvantage stimulation on the broilers and could reduce the risk of transmission of pathogenic genes, compared to FMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengyu Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Saisai Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Jinhao Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Hongyu Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Zhouzheng Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
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Guan Y, Tang G, Li L, Shu J, Zhao Y, Huang L, Tang J. Herbal medicine and gut microbiota: exploring untapped therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative disease management. Arch Pharm Res 2024; 47:146-164. [PMID: 38225532 PMCID: PMC10830735 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01484-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota that exists in the human gastrointestinal tract is incredibly important for the maintenance of general health as it contributes to multiple aspects of host physiology. Recent research has revealed a dynamic connection between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system, that can influence neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Indeed, imbalances in the gut microbiota, or dysbiosis, play a vital role in the pathogenesis and progression of human diseases, particularly NDs. Herbal medicine has been used for centuries to treat human diseases, including NDs. These compounds help to relieve symptoms and delay the progression of NDs by improving intestinal barrier function, reducing neuroinflammation, and modulating neurotransmitter production. Notably, herbal medicine can mitigate the progression of NDs by regulating the gut microbiota. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the potential mechanisms by which herbal medicine regulates the gut microbiota in the treatment of NDs can help explain the pathogenesis of NDs from a novel perspective and propose novel therapeutic strategies for NDs. In this review, we investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of herbal medicine, focusing on its ability to regulate the gut microbiota and restore homeostasis. We also highlight the challenges and future research priorities of the integration of herbal medicine and modern medicine. As the global population ages, access to this information is becoming increasingly important for developing effective treatments for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Guan
- Department of Brain Disease, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Guohua Tang
- Department of Brain Disease, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Jianzhong Shu
- Department of Brain Disease, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Yuhua Zhao
- Department of Brain Disease, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Brain Disease, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China.
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Brain Disease, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, 400021, China.
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Zhao G, Niu Y, Wang H, Qin S, Zhang R, Wu Y, Xiao X, Xu Y, Yang C. Effects of three different plant-derived polysaccharides on growth performance, immunity, antioxidant function, and cecal microbiota of broilers. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:1020-1029. [PMID: 37718500 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the effects of dietary plant polysaccharides on growth performance, immune status and intestinal health in broilers. We randomly divided 960 one-day-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks into four groups. The control (CON) group was fed a basal diet, and the remaining groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 1000 mg kg-1 Ginseng polysaccharide (GPS), Astragalus polysaccharide (APS), or Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide (SMP) for 42 days. RESULTS Dietary supplementation with SMP significantly increased body weight (BW) at 21 and 42 days of age, average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) during the starter and whole experimental period, decreased the concentrations of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and malondialdehyde (MDA), increased the levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) and catalase (CAT) activity in the serum (P < 0.05). GPS, APS, and SMP supplementation increased serum levels of immunoglobulins, activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and cecal concentrations of acetic acid and propionic acid of broilers (P < 0.05). Furthermore, high-throughput sequencing results showed that the relative abundance of Firmicutes was decreased while the relative abundance of Bacteroidota, Alistipes, and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group were increased (P < 0.05) in the GPS, APS, and SMP groups compared with the CON group. CONCLUSION Dietary GPS, APS, and SMP supplementation could improve growth performance, enhance immune function by increasing serum immunoglobulin and regulating cytokines, improve antioxidant function by increasing serum antioxidant enzyme activity, increase volatile fatty acid levels and improve the microbial composition in the cecum of broilers. Dietary SMP supplementation had the optimal effect in this study. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiling Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huixian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songke Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruiqiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanping Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinglei Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Caimei Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Zhejiang, China
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9
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Zhao X, Du B, Wan M, Li J, Qin S, Nian F, Tang D. Analysis of the antioxidant activity of toons sinensis extract and their biological effects on broilers. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1337291. [PMID: 38260193 PMCID: PMC10800727 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1337291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant extracts are rich in a variety of nutrients and contain a large number of bioactive compounds, and compared with traditional feed additives, they have advantages such as wide sources, natural safety and rich nutrition. This study employed in vitro antioxidant and animal experiments to comprehensively evaluate the use of Toona sinensis extract (TSE) in broiler production. 508 1-day-old Cobb 500 broilers were randomly assigned to the 7 experimental groups with 6 replications and 12 birds/replicate. Two groups received Vitamin C (VC) 300 g/t and Vitamin E 500 g/t, and five dose groups of TSE received 0, 300, 600, 900, and 1,200 g/t of TSE in their feed. The study spanned 42 days, with a starter phase (1-21 days) and a finisher phase (22-42 days). The results showed that compared to ascorbic acid, TSE had the scavenging ability of 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and hydroxyl radical, with IC50 values of 0.6658 mg/mL and 33.1298 mg/mL, respectively. Compared to TSE 0 group, broilers fed with 1,200 g/t TSE showed significant weight gain during the starter phase and increased the feed-to-weight gain ratio during both the starter and finisher phases. Additionally, broilers receiving 1,200 g/t TSE had enhanced dry matter and organic matter utilization. Concerning meat quality, broilers in the 1,200 g/t TSE group demonstrated increased cooked meat yield, and pH value, as well as higher antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in serum. In addition, there was no significant difference in ileal microflora due to TSE supplementation. In summary, this study confirms the positive impact of a dietary inclusion of 1,200 g/t TSE on broiler growth, meat quality, and serum antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangmin Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Baolong Du
- Yizhou District Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Hami, China
| | - Minyan Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinlu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shizhen Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fang Nian
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Defu Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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10
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Du H, Xing Y, Jin X, Yan S, Shi B. Effects of Artemisia ordosica polysaccharide on growth performance and antioxidant capacity in broilers. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2022.2158093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Du
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Xing
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Jin
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sumei Yan
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binlin Shi
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Luo G, Gebeyew K, Zhou C, Tan Z, Yang W, Niu D, Ran T, Liu Y. The ileal microbiome and mucosal immune profiles in response to dietary supplementation of ultra-grinded Astragalus membranaceus in weaned goats. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1309520. [PMID: 38179443 PMCID: PMC10764543 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1309520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Weaning goats are susceptible to diarrhea and have weakened immune functions due to physiological, dietary and environmental stresses. Astragalus membranaceus (A. membranaceus), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has been shown to improve growth performance and immunity in weaned ruminants. However, the influence mechanism of A. membranaceus on intestinal microbiota and mucosal immunity in weaned goats is still unknown. This study investigated the effects of ultra-grinded A. membranaceus (UGAM) on the immune function and microbial community in the ileum of weaned goats. Eighteen healthy weaned Xiangdong black goats (BW, 5.30 ± 1.388 kg) were used in a study of completely randomized block design with 28 days long. The animals were randomly assigned to either a basal diet supplemented with 10 g/d of milk replacer (CON, n = 9) or the CON diet supplemented with 10 g/head UGAM (UGAM, n = 9). Supplementation of UGAM increased (p < 0.05) the plasma concentrations of total protein and albumin. Meanwhile, the addition of UGAM reduced (p < 0.05) the relative mRNA expression of the IL-6 gene (a marker of inflammation), indicating the potential immunomodulatory effect of UGAM. Moreover, the relative abundances of Verrucomicrobiota and Mycoplasma were lower (p < 0.05) in the ileum of goats supplemented with UGAM than CON. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation of UGAM may have enhanced the ileum health of weaned goats by reducing inflammation factor expression and reducing the relative abundance of pathogenic microbes. The observed beneficial effects of ultra-grinded A. membranaceus on ileal mucosal immune and the community of ileal microbiota indicate its potential to be used as a viable option for promoting the well-being of weaned goats under weaning stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kefyalew Gebeyew
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanshe Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhu Yang
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Dongyan Niu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tao Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Liu S, Xiao G, Wang Q, Tian J, Feng X, Zhang Q, Gong L. Effects of dietary Astragalus membranaceus and Codonopsis pilosula extracts on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and intestinal health in broilers. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1302801. [PMID: 38144468 PMCID: PMC10748503 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1302801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of dietary Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) consisting of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge (AMT) and Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf (CPO) extracts on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune status, and intestinal health of broiler chickens. Two groups were formed, each consisting of six replicates of 12 one-day-old healthy male 817 white feather broilers. Broilers were fed either a basal diet (CON group) or a basal diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg CHM. The trial lasted 50 days. The results showed that CHM supplementation resulted in enhanced feed efficiency and antioxidant capacity in both the serum and liver, while it reduced uric acid and endotoxin levels, as well as diamine oxidase activity (p < 0.05). Additionally, CHM treatment increased the height of jejunum villi and upregulated Claudin-1 expression in the jejunal mucosa accompanied by an increase in the mRNA levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interferon-β (IFN-β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) (p < 0.05). The presence of dietary CHM caused an increase in the proportions of Bacteroidetes and unclassified Bacteroidales but led to a decrease in those of Firmicutes and Alistipes (p < 0.05). The composition of the jejunal mucosa microbiota was correlated with the feed conversion ratio, serum metabolites, and gene expression based on Spearman correlation analysis. The findings indicated that the consumption of dietary CHM improved the utilization of feed, increased the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the jejunal mucosa, and decreased the endotoxin level and activities of diamine oxidase and lactate dehydrogenase in the serum, which could potentially be linked to changes in the gut microbiota of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Gengsheng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Nutrition of Education of Ministry, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinpeng Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingyang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
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13
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Zhao J, Duan X, Yan S, Liu Y, Wang K, Hu M, Chai Q, Liu L, Ge C, Jia J, Dou T. Transcriptomics reveals the molecular regulation of Chinese medicine formula on improving bone quality in broiler. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103044. [PMID: 37717480 PMCID: PMC10507442 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal disorder is of concern to the poultry industry as it affects animal welfare and production performance. Traditional Chinese medicine could improve bone quality and reduce the incidence of bone disease, but the molecular regulation of Chinese medicine formula (CMF) on improving bone quality in broilers is still unclear. This study was performed to research the effects of CMF on skeletal performance of Cobb broilers and reveal the molecular regulation. A total of 120 one-day-old Cobb broilers were randomly allocated into 4 equal groups of 30 chickens, with 5 replicates and 6 chickens in each replicate. The control (CON) group was fed a diet without CMF, while the CMF1, CMF2, and CMF3 groups were supplemented with different CMF at 6,000 mg/kg diet, respectively. The broilers were raised to 60 d of age, then bone tissues were collected for biomechanical properties, micro-CT detection and transcriptomic sequencing analysis. The results showed that CMF3 improved the biomechanical properties of broiler tibia, via increasing the elastic modulus (P < 0.05), yield strength (P > 0.05), maximum stress (P < 0.05) and fracture stress (P < 0.05) of the tibia. Micro-CT analysis indicated that CMF3 increased the bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume/total volume (BV/TV), bone surface density (BS/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and decreased the trabecular separation (Tb.Sp) of femur cancellous bone (P < 0.05). RNA-seq analysis revealed 2,177 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (|log2FoldChange| ≥ 1, FDR < 0.05) between the CMF3 group and CON group. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG) analysis showed 13 pathways mostly associated with bone growth and development and bone metabolism, and we identified 39 bone-related DEGs. This study suggests that CMF3 could improve bone strength and bone microstructure of broilers, and showed a positive effect on bone performance. Our research could provide a theoretical reference for the development of pollution-free feed additives to improve the skeletal performance of broilers, which could help promote healthy farming of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingying Zhao
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201 Kunming, China
| | - Xiaohua Duan
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201 Kunming, China; Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, 650500 Kunming, China
| | - Shixiong Yan
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201 Kunming, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201 Kunming, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201 Kunming, China
| | - Mei Hu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201 Kunming, China
| | - Qian Chai
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201 Kunming, China
| | - Lixian Liu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201 Kunming, China; Yunnan Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture, 650031 Kunming, China
| | - Changrong Ge
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201 Kunming, China
| | - Junjing Jia
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201 Kunming, China
| | - Tengfei Dou
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201 Kunming, China.
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Liu W, Liu H, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Balasubramanian B, Jha R. Effects of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharides on growth performance, intestinal barrier function and cecal microbiota in yellow-feathered broilers under heat stress. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2023; 14:132. [PMID: 37814279 PMCID: PMC10563363 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-023-00932-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global warming leading to heat stress (HS) is becoming a major challenge for broiler production. This study aimed to explore the protective effects of seaweed (Enteromorpha prolifera) polysaccharides (EPS) on the intestinal barrier function, microbial ecology, and performance of broilers under HS. A total of 144 yellow-feathered broilers (male, 56 days old) with 682.59 ± 7.38 g were randomly assigned to 3 groups: 1) TN (thermal neutral zone, 23.6 ± 1.8 °C), 2) HS (heat stress, 33.2 ± 1.5 °C for 10 h/d), and 3) HSE (HS + 0.1% EPS). Each group contained 6 replicates with 8 broilers per replicate. The study was conducted for 4 weeks; feed intake and body weights were measured at the end of weeks 2 and 4. At the end of the feeding trial, small intestine samples were collected for histomorphology, antioxidant, secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) content, apoptosis, gene and protein expression analysis; cecal contents were also collected for microbiota analysis based on 16S rDNA sequencing. RESULTS Dietary EPS promoted the average daily gain (ADG) of broilers during 3-4 weeks of HS (P < 0.05). At the end of HS on broilers, the activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and the content of sIgA in jejunum were improved by EPS supplementation (P < 0.05). Besides, dietary EPS reduced the epithelial cell apoptosis of jejunum and ileum in heat-stressed broilers (P < 0.05). Addition of EPS in HS group broilers' diet upregulated the relative mRNA expression of Occludin, ZO-1, γ-GCLc and IL-10 of the jejunum (P < 0.05), whereas downregulated the relative mRNA expression of NF-κB p65, TNF-α and IL-1β of the jejunum (P < 0.05). Dietary EPS increased the protein expression of Occludin and ZO-1, whereas it reduced the protein expression of NF-κB p65 and MLCK (P < 0.01) and tended to decrease the protein expression of TNF-α (P = 0.094) in heat-stressed broilers. Furthermore, the proportions of Bacteroides and Oscillospira among the three groups were positively associated with jejunal apoptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (P < 0.05) and negatively correlated with jejunal Occludin level (P < 0.05). However, the proportions of Lactobacillus, Barnesiella, Subdoligranulum, Megasphaera, Collinsella, and Blautia among the three groups were positively related to ADG (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS EPS can be used as a feed additive in yellow-feathered broilers. It effectively improves growth performance and alleviates HS-induced intestinal injury by relieving inflammatory damage and improving the tight junction proteins expression. These beneficial effects may be related to inhibiting NF-κB/MLCK signaling pathway activation and regulation of cecal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimei Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoyao Wang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxiang Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Rajesh Jha
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
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15
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Liu S, Zhou W, Deng X, Jiang W, Wang Y, Zhan J, Hu B. Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide are linear molecules that alter the abundance and composition of intestinal microbiota in Sprague Dawley rats. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1231485. [PMID: 37841402 PMCID: PMC10568496 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1231485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The macromolecular polysaccharide Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide (IOP) is composed of various monosaccharides, and it could modulate the composition and diversity of intestinal flora. However, its impact on the intestinal flora in rats of different genders remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the structural changes of IOP and its effects on the intestinal flora after administration in male and female rats. Methods In this study, the molecular weight and purity of IOP were analyzed by high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) and phenol sulfuric acid method, and NMR was used to confirm the chemical structure of IOP. Sex hormone [testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2)] levels and intestinal microbial changes were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and 16S rRNA, respectively, after gavage of IOP (100 mg/kg) in male and female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Results HPGPC analysis showed that the average molecular weight (Mw) of IOP was 4,828 Da, and the total sugar content of the purified IOP was 96.2%, indicating that the polysaccharide is of high purity. NMR revealed that IOP is a linear macromolecule with an α-D-type glucose backbone. The results of ELISA and 16S rRNA showed that the IOP increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Clostridia_UCG-014 and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31, and reduced that of harmful bacteria, such as Colidextribacter and Desulfobacterota in the intestine of both male and female rats, and IOP changed the levels of sex hormones in male and female rats. Further analyses revealed that the increase in alpha diversity was higher in male than female rats. α diversity and β diversity revealed a significant difference in the composition of cecal microbiota between male and female rats in the control group, but IOP intake reduced this difference. Meanwhile, α analysis revealed a change in the composition of bacterial flora was more stable in male than female rats. Conclusions This study enhances our comprehension of the IOP structure and elucidates the alterations in intestinal flora following IOP administration in rats of varying genders. Nonetheless, further investigation is warranted to explore the specific underlying reasons for these discrepancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songqing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine (Institute of Comparative Medicine), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xin Deng
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiasui Zhan
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Binhong Hu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Guo S, Ma J, Xing Y, Xu Y, Jin X, Yan S, Shi L, Zhang L, Shi B. Effects of Artemisia annua L. Water Extract on Growth Performance and Intestinal Related Indicators in Broilers. J Poult Sci 2023; 60:2023024. [PMID: 37711228 PMCID: PMC10495255 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.2023024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Artemisia annua L. is a natural herb with a variety of bioactive substances, which can play a variety of biological functions such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial and antiviral, and can be used as a potential feed additive. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different doses of Artemisia annua L. water extract (AAWE) on growth performance and intestinal related indicators in broilers. A total of 200 one-day-old Arbor Acre broilers were selected and randomly divided into five treatment groups, with five replicates in each group and eight birds per replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet, whereas the other groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 g/kg AAWE. On d 21, with the increase in AAWE dose, final body weight and feed efficiency showed a quadratic increase effect, whereas feed intake showed a linear reduction effect; however, the apparent metabolic rate of dry matter, crude protein, and ether extract increased quadratically on d 42. In addition, the activity of duodenal chymotrypsin and trypsin, and of jejunal lipase quadratically increased, whereas the intestine crypt depth linearly decreased on d 42. The number of total anaerobic bacteria increased quadratically, whereas the number of Escherichia coli decreased quadratically. The number of Lactobacillus increased linearly, whereas H2S emission linearly decreased on d 21; moreover, NH3 emission (24 h) quadratically decreased on d 42. In conclusion, AAWE promoted the growth performance and intestinal related indicators of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Guo
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot,
010018, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Ma
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot,
010018, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Xing
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot,
010018, P. R. China
| | - Yuanqing Xu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot,
010018, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Jin
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot,
010018, P. R. China
| | - Sumei Yan
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot,
010018, P. R. China
| | - Lulu Shi
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot,
010018, P. R. China
| | - Linghui Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot,
010018, P. R. China
| | - Binlin Shi
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot,
010018, P. R. China
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Wang X, Li X, Zhang L, An L, Guo L, Huang L, Gao W. Recent progress in plant-derived polysaccharides with prebiotic potential for intestinal health by targeting gut microbiota: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-30. [PMID: 37651130 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2248631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural products of plant origin are of high interest and widely used, especially in the food industry, due to their low toxicity and wide range of bioactive properties. Compared to other plant components, the safety of polysaccharides has been generally recognized. As dietary fibers, plant-derived polysaccharides are mostly degraded in the intestine by polysaccharide-degrading enzymes secreted by gut microbiota, and have potential prebiotic activity in both non-disease and disease states, which should not be overlooked, especially in terms of their involvement in the treatment of intestinal diseases and the promotion of intestinal health. This review elucidates the regulatory effects of plant-derived polysaccharides on gut microbiota and summarizes the mechanisms involved in targeting gut microbiota for the treatment of intestinal diseases. Further, the structure-activity relationships between different structural types of plant-derived polysaccharides and the occurrence of their prebiotic activity are further explored. Finally, the practical applications of plant-derived polysaccharides in food production and food packaging are summarized and discussed, providing important references for expanding the application of plant-derived polysaccharides in the food industry or developing functional dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xia Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingzhuo An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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18
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Zhong Y, Li L, Chen W, Xing D, Wu X. Effects of Ilicis Chinensis folium extract supplementation on growth performance, serum parameters, intestinal morphology, and antioxidant capacity of broiler chickens. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:94. [PMID: 37496032 PMCID: PMC10373348 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03667-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ilicis chinensis folium extract (ICFE) is a powder extracted and processed with Ilex chinensis Sims (ICS) which has numerous bioactivities and is conventionally used in traditional Chinese medicine. Nonetheless, there has been no definitive study evaluating ICFE's application as a feed supplement for broilers. This research sought to determine the chemical composition and evaluate how dietary ICFE supplementation affects the growth performance, serum metrics, intestinal structure, and antioxidant capacity of broilers. METHODS A total of 360 one-day-old broiler chicks were assigned to four treatments (with 9 replicates of 10 chicks, each) of dietary supplementation with ICFE at 0, 250, 500, and 1,000 mg /kg for 42 days. RESULTS Ten polyphenolic compounds and two triterpenoid glycosides were detected by HPLC. In the grower stage and overall, broilers supplemented with 500 and 1,000 mg/kg ICFE exhibited a higher ADFI (P < 0.05) than the controls. Additionally, compared to the controls, broilers receiving low, medium, or high dosages of ICFE exhibited higher average daily gains (P < 0.05) throughout the starter stage and overall. Organ indices showed no significant variation, suggesting that ICFE was non-toxic. ICFE supplementation increased the height of villi in the duodenum and jejunum, reduced crypt depth, and increased the villus/crypt ratio in the duodenum (P < 0.05). Serum concentrations of IL-4 and IgA were increased in ICFE-supplemented broilers. The serum malondialdehyde concentration was reduced, whereas superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity increased through supplementation with ICFE. CONCLUSION ICFE supplementation can improve intestinal morphology, antioxidant capacity, and growth performance of broilers. Hence, ICFE is a promising and safe alternative to antibiotics in broilers, and 500 mg/kg appears to be the optimal dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liang Li
- Foss Analytical Co.Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Wujun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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ZHANG J, SHU D, CHENG X, TIAN T, XIAO K, ZHANG D, YANG J. Effect of plant polysaccharides ( Poria cocos and Astragalus polysaccharides) on immune responses and intestinal microbiota of Dabry's sturgeons. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2023; 42:243-253. [PMID: 37791344 PMCID: PMC10542428 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2022-089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Searching for non-toxic and harmless feed ingredients that can improve growth performance and host immunity has always been the focus of attention in the protected areas for artificially bred Dabry's sturgeons. The present study explored the effect of dietary Poria cocos and Astragalus polysaccharides on the antioxidant status, expression of immune related genes, and composition and putative functions of gut bacterial communities in Dabry's sturgeons for the first time. In this study, Dabry's sturgeons were randomly divided into 3 groups and fed diets of normal, P. cocos polysaccharide-added (200 mg/kg), and Astragalus polysaccharide-added (200 mg/kg) food for 14 days. The results indicated that dietary Astragalus polysaccharide can increase the final body weight of Dabry's sturgeon. Compared with normal breeding individuals, feeding diets containing the P. cocos and Astragalus polysaccharides up-regulated the activity of superoxide dismutase, lysozyme, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase while also decreasing the levels of malondialdehyde. In addition, the Astragalus polysaccharide group had higher gene expression of two inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha and immunoglobulin M, than the control group. Analysis of intestinal microbiota revealed that the dietary Astragalus polysaccharide improved the richness and diversity of major gut microbiota in Dabry's sturgeons, while the structure in the P. cocos polysaccharide group was clearly distinguished from that of the control group. Our results preliminarily indicated that dietary supplementation of P. cocos and Astragalus polysaccharides may contribute to better performance in growth, development, and inflammatory response for Dabry's sturgeons, and they provide basic guidance for plant polysaccharide additives in artificial breeding of sturgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming ZHANG
- Hubei Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Project for
Conservation of Fishes, Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
- Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
| | - Debin SHU
- Hubei Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Project for
Conservation of Fishes, Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
- Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
| | - Xu CHENG
- Hubei Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Project for
Conservation of Fishes, Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
- Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
| | - Tian TIAN
- Hubei Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Project for
Conservation of Fishes, Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
- Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
| | - Kan XIAO
- Hubei Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Project for
Conservation of Fishes, Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
- Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
| | - Dezhi ZHANG
- Hubei Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Project for
Conservation of Fishes, Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
- Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
| | - Jing YANG
- Hubei Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Project for
Conservation of Fishes, Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
- Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges
Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, China
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Huang Z, Ye Y, Xu A, Li Z. Effects of Astragalus membranaceus Polysaccharides on Growth Performance, Physiological and Biochemical Parameters, and Expression of Genes Related to Lipid Metabolism of Spotted Sea Bass, Lateolabrax maculatus. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2023; 2023:6191330. [PMID: 37303608 PMCID: PMC10256447 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6191330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This experiment investigated the effects of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides (AMP) on growth, physiological and biochemical parameters, and the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in spotted sea bass, Lateolabrax maculatus. A total of 450 spotted sea bass (10.44 ± 0.09 g) were divided into six groups and were given diets with different levels of AMP (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 g/kg) for 28 days, respectively. Results indicated that dietary intake of AMP significantly improved fish weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion, and trypsin activity. Meanwhile, fish fed with AMP manifested significantly higher serum total antioxidant capacity and activity of hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase, and lysozyme. Lower triglyceride and total cholesterol were noted in fish fed with AMP (P < 0.05). Moreover, hepatic ACC1 and ACC2 were downregulated by dietary intake of AMP, and PPAR-α, CPT1, and HSL were upregulated accordingly (P < 0.05). Parameters with significant difference were analyzed by quadratic regression analysis, and results showed that 0.6881 g/kg of AMP is the optimal dosage for spotted sea bass in size (10.44 ± 0.09 g). In conclusion, dietary intake of AMP can improve the growth, physiological status, and lipid metabolism of spotted sea bass, thereby indicating its promise as a potential dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangfan Huang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-Environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Youling Ye
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-Environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Anle Xu
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-Environment, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhongbao Li
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources and Eco-Environment, Xiamen, China
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21
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Li Y, Dong X, Zhang Y, Xiao T, Zhao Y, Wang H. Astragalus polysaccharide improves the growth, meat quality, antioxidant capacity and bacterial resistance of Furong crucian carp (Furong carp♀ × red crucian carp♂). Int J Biol Macromol 2023:124999. [PMID: 37244344 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the functional effects of APS (Astragalus polysaccharide) on Furong crucian carp, APS-supplemented diets (0.00 %, 0.05 %, 0.10 % and 0.15 %) were prepared and utilized in feeding experiment. The results showed that the 0.05 % APS group has the highest weight gain rate and specific growth rate, and the lowest feed coefficient rate. In addition, 0.05 % APS supplement could improve muscle elasticity, adhesiveness and chewiness. Moreover, the 0.15 % APS group had the highest spleen-somatic index and the 0.05 % group had the maximum intestinal villus length. 0.05 % and 0.10 % APS addition significantly increased T-AOC and CAT activities while MDA contents decreased in all APS groups. The plasma TNF-α levels in all APS groups significantly increased (P<0.05), and the 0.05 % group showed the highest TNF-α level in spleen. In APS addition groups, the tlr8, lgp2 and mda5 gene expressions were significantly elevated, while xbp1, caspase-2 and caspase-9 expressions decreased in uninfected and A. hydrophila-infected fish. Finally, higher survival rate and slower disease outbreak rate were observed in APS-supplemented groups after being infected by A. hydrophila. In conclusion, Furong crucian carp fed by APS-supplemented diets possesses elevated weight gain rate and specific growth rate, and improved meat quality, immunity and disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoguo Li
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xiaohu Dong
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Tiaoyi Xiao
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yurong Zhao
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Hongquan Wang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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22
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Dong W, Fan Z, Li P, Liu J, Sun G, Peng N, Liang Y, Zhao S. Optimizing the scale-up production of fermented astragalus and its benefits to the performance and egg quality of laying hens. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1165644. [PMID: 37180273 PMCID: PMC10169715 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1165644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Astragalus is a homologous medicine and food that benefits human beings and poultry rearing. Fermented astragalus (FA) is a valuable product obtained by fermentation, but its scale-up production requires optimization and expansion of solid-state fermentation (SSF). In this study, Lactobacillus pentosus Stm was screened as the most suitable LAB strain for fermenting astragalus due to its excellent capacity. After optimization and expansion of SSF, LAB count and lactic acid content reached 206 × 108 cfu/g and 15.0%, respectively. Meanwhile, the content of bioactive compounds in FA was significantly enhanced. Feeding experiments with laying hens indicated that supplementing FA in the diet significantly improved the performance and egg quality, as evidenced by reduced feed-to-egg ratio and egg cholesterol. This was due to the promotion of intestinal health by shifting intestinal microbiota. Therefore, this is a systematical endeavor of producing scaled-up FA with promising potential as a feed additive in the poultry breeding industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhanlei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Panxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Hubei Poder Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huangshi, China
| | - Guoping Sun
- Hubei Poder Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Huangshi, China
| | - Nan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunxiang Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shumiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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23
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Potential role of plant polysaccharides as immunostimulants in aquaculture: a review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2022-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Aquaculture is one of the primary food-producing sectors in the world that ensures human nourishment. However, aqua farmers are facing serious problems due to disease out breaks and development of antimicrobial resistance. Until now, chemical or antibiotic based strategies has been applied to control disease related concern in aquaculture. Frequent usage of antibiotics in feed or usage of disinfectant to overcome the disease may end up with negative impacts to the environment and human. Utilization of plant derived polysaccharides has been drastically increased due to their effective roles and could serve as a best replacement for chemical agents and antibiotics. In addition, plant derived compounds and plant extracts was utilized to improve the immunity, intestinal health and growth performance of aquaculturable organisms. In addition, large number of plant-based polysaccharides was utilized as immunostimulants in aquaculture. Hence, this review aims to highlight the multifunctional properties of plant-based polysaccharides in aquaculture. Moreover, advantages and different concentration of plant polysaccharides as a feed additives in aquaculture sector has been discussed herein.
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24
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Zhao RH, Yang FX, Bai YC, Zhao JY, Hu M, Zhang XY, Dou TF, Jia JJ. Research progress on the mechanisms underlying poultry immune regulation by plant polysaccharides. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1175848. [PMID: 37138926 PMCID: PMC10149757 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1175848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
With the rapid development of poultry industry and the highly intensive production management, there are an increasing number of stress factors in poultry production. Excessive stress will affect their growth and development, immune function, and induce immunosuppression, susceptibility to a variety of diseases, and even death. In recent years, increasing interest has focused on natural components extracted from plants, among which plant polysaccharides have been highlighted because of their various biological activities. Plant polysaccharides are natural immunomodulators that can promote the growth of immune organs, activate immune cells and the complement system, and release cytokines. As a green feed additive, plant polysaccharides can not only relieve stress and enhance the immunity and disease resistance of poultry, but also regulate the balance of intestinal microorganisms and effectively alleviate all kinds of stress faced by poultry. This paper reviews the immunomodulatory effects and molecular mechanisms of different plant polysaccharides (Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz polysaccharide, Astragalus polysaccharides, Taishan Pinus massoniana pollen polysaccharide, and alfalfa polysaccharide) in poultry. Current research results reveal that plant polysaccharides have potential uses as therapeutic agents for poultry immune abnormalities and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Han Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fang-Xiao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Vocational and Technical College of Agriculture, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Bai
- Kunming CHIA TAI Co., Ltd., Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing-Ying Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Mei Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xin-Yan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Teng-Fei Dou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Teng-Fei Dou
| | - Jun-Jing Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- *Correspondence: Jun-Jing Jia
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25
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Safavipour S, Tabeidian SA, Toghyani M, Foroozandeh Shahraki AD, Ghalamkari G, Habibian M. Laying performance, egg quality, fertility, nutrient digestibility, digestive enzymes activity, gut microbiota, intestinal morphology, antioxidant capacity, mucosal immunity, and cytokine levels in meat-type Japanese quail breeders fed different phytogenic levels. Res Vet Sci 2022; 153:74-87. [PMID: 36327622 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A total of 180 female Japanese quail breeders were allocated to 5 treatments with 6 replicates of 6 birds and fed a diet supplemented with 0, 125, 250, 500, or 1000 mg/kg of a phytogenic feed additive (PFA) in a 9-wk experiment. Egg weight, feed efficiency, shell breaking strength and calcium content, specific gravity, Haugh unit, and percentages of fertile eggs increased with increasing PFA levels (P < 0.05). Increasing of PFA levels increased nutrient digestibility, dietary AMEn, and activities of digestive enzymes in the pancreas and intestinal digesta (P < 0.05). Supplementation of PFA reduced Escherichia coli (P < 0.05), Clostridium spp. (P < 0.05) and Salmonella spp. counts (P < 0.05), while increased Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium spp. counts in the ileal and cecal contents (P < 0.05). Dietary PFA increased jejunal villus height and decreased ileal crypt depth (P < 0.05). Serum diamine oxidase activity and D-lactate level were decreased with increase in PFA level (P < 0.05). Increasing PFA levels increased glutathione peroxidase activity in the pancreas, small intestine, and cecal tonsil, but decreased malondialdehyde contents (P < 0.05). Birds fed PFA exhibited increased levels of secretory IgA in the intestinal mucosa (P < 0.05), and increased the percentage of CD3+ T cells, ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells, and cytokine concentrations in the cecal tonsils (P < 0.05). In conclusion, PFA could improve gut health and nutrient utilization and, therefore, benefit productivity, egg quality, and fertility in quails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Safavipour
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sayed Ali Tabeidian
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Majid Toghyani
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Gholamreza Ghalamkari
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahmood Habibian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran
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26
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Zhang X, Zhou S, Liang Y, Xie G, Zhu M, Wang Z, Qu Q, Long Y, Lv Y, Peng J, Yuan Y, Huang Y, Wang W. Effects of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi extractive on antioxidant capacity, production performance, and immune mechanism of breeding pigeons under stress. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102350. [PMID: 36577268 PMCID: PMC9803782 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With the large-scale and intensive development of pigeon breeding industry and the improvement of production level, stress factors have an important impact on the immune, antioxidant capacity, and productivity of pigeons. In this study, the extenuating effect of Astragalus, Epimedium, and Ligustrum lucidum (AEF) on the antioxidant, production performance, and immune mechanism was investigated in breeding pigeons. Eighty pairs of 11-month-old healthy breeding pigeons with the same egg production batch were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (C group), treated with AEF (AEF group), in restraint stress (S group) and treated with AEF and in restraint stress (S+AEF group). Results showed that AEF reduces weight loss during lactation and increases spleen weight, increased IgA, IgG, T4, GSH-Px, and SOD in serum and decreased T3 and MDA (P < 0.05). Furthermore, treatment with AEF declined HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, GR levels in liver and cFOS, GR mRNA levels in the Hypothalamus, GR mRNA levels in the pituitary (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the results of the intestine studies showed that AEF promoted relative abundances of Firmicutes and relieve intestinal injury in the colon of pigeons. These results indicated AEF enhanced stress resistance, immunity, production performance and antioxidant capacity of pigeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Shuo Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Yayan Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Gaijie Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Mingqiang Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Zifan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Qing Qu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Yifei Long
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Yantao Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Jie Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Yaohui Yuan
- Shenyang Weijia Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenyang 110027, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanhua Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China,Corresponding author:
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27
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Progress of Studies on Plant-Derived Polysaccharides Affecting Intestinal Barrier Function in Poultry. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12223205. [PMID: 36428432 PMCID: PMC9686483 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As natural bioactive components, plant-derived polysaccharides have many biological functions, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticoccidial, and immunity regulation, and have been widely used in poultry production. In this review paper, firstly, the sources and structures of plant-derived polysaccharides are reviewed; secondly, the effects of plant-derived polysaccharides on the intestinal microbiome, permeability, morphology and immune function of poultry are summarized; thirdly, the potential molecular regulation mechanism of plant-derived polysaccharides on the intestinal barrier function of poultry was preliminarily analyzed. The review paper will bring a basis for the scientific utilization of plant-derived polysaccharides in the poultry industry.
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28
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Effects of Compound Polysaccharides Derived from Astragalus and Glycyrrhiza on Growth Performance, Meat Quality and Antioxidant Function of Broilers Based on Serum Metabolomics and Cecal Microbiota. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101872. [PMID: 36290595 PMCID: PMC9598874 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of compound polysaccharides derived from Astragalus and Glycyrrhiza on growth performance, meat quality, antioxidant function, cecal microbiota and serum metabolomics of broilers. A total of 480 one-day-old male Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were randomly divided into four treatments with six replicates comprising 20 broilers each. Treatments: CON group was the basal diet; ANT group was supplemented with Terramycin calcium; LAG group was supplemented with 150 mg/kg Astragalus polysaccharides and 75 mg/kg Glycyrrhiza polysaccharides; HAG group was supplemented with 300 mg/kg Astragalus polysaccharides and 150 mg/kg Glycyrrhiza polysaccharides. The results showed that LAG and HAG supplementation increased growth performance, antioxidant function and meat quality compared with the CON group and ANT group and, especially, the effect of LAG treatment was better than HAG. Analysis of cecal microbiota showed that LAG and HAG supplementation altered cecal microbial diversity and composition in broilers. Serum metabolomics analysis showed that a total of 193 differential metabolites were identified in CON and LAG groups, which were mainly enriched in linoleic acid metabolism and glutathione metabolism pathways. Moreover, there was a close correlation between serum metabolites, cecal microbiota and phenotypic indicators. Conclusion: Dietary supplementation of 150 mg/kg Astragalus polysaccharides and 75 mg/kg Glycyrrhiza polysaccharides could improve the growth performance, antioxidant function and meat quality of broilers by changing the serum metabolites and cecal microbiota composition.
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29
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Zhou H, Dai C, Cui X, Zhang T, Che Y, Duan K, Yi L, Nguyen AD, Li N, De Souza C, Wan X, Wu Y, Li K, Liu Y, Wu Y. Immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects of Glycyrrhiza uralensis polysaccharide in Lohmann Brown chickens. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:959449. [PMID: 36090181 PMCID: PMC9458957 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.959449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide extract 1 (GPS-1) is a bioactive component isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, also known as Chinese licorice. It appears to be pharmacologically active as an antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-tumor agent. GPS-1 has also been shown to buffer liver health and regulate the immune system. Moreover, GPS-1 is low cost and easy to extract. More study was needed to elucidate the biochemical pathways underlying the immunomodulatory and antioxidant benefits observed in Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide extract 1 (GPS-1). in vitro experiments on chicken lymphocytes and dendritic cells (DCs) show that GPS-1 significantly promotes the proliferation of immune cells and is linked to lymphocytes' secretion of IL-12, IFN-γ, and TNF-α by. DC secretion of NO, IL-2, IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-12p70 was also increased significantly. Additionally, GPS-1 also displayed a significant antioxidant effect in vitro, able to scavenge DPPH, hydrogen peroxide, ABTS, and other free radicals like superoxide anions. Separately, GPS-1 was tested in vivo in combination with the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) - attenuated vaccine. 120 Lohmann Brown chickens were vaccinated, while another 30 became the unvaccinated blank control (BC) group. For three consecutive days 1 mL of GPS-1 was administered at doses of 19.53 μg/mL, 9.77 μg/mL, or 4.88 μg/mL to the ND-vaccinated birds, except for the vaccine control (VC), where n = 30 per group. In vivo results show that GPS-1 combined with Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine had the best efficacy at significantly increasing chickens' body weight and ND serum antibody titer, enhancing their secretion of IL-2 and IFN- γ, and promoting the development of immune organs. The results also indicate that GPS-1 was able increase the proliferation of in vitro immune cells and elevate their cytokine secretion, which enhances the body's immune response. GPS-1 also clearly has the potential to be used as an immune adjuvant alongside ND vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Dai
- Experimental Teaching Center of Life Science, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuejie Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyun Che
- Engineering Laboratory for National Healthcare Theories and Products of Yunnan Province, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Kun Duan
- China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Animal Science, Huaihua Polytechnic College, Huaihua, China
| | - Audrey D. Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Nannan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Xin Wan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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