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Berta K, Pesthy ZV, Vékony T, Farkas BC, Németh D, Kun B. The neuropsychological profile of work addiction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20090. [PMID: 37973989 PMCID: PMC10654659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47515-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine, for the first time, the neuropsychological aspects of work addiction, with a specific emphasis on the cognitive factors identified by theoretical models. While previous research has highlighted self-reported obsessiveness and impulsiveness in work addiction, this study sought to go beyond self-report measures by employing also neuropsychological reaction time tasks to assess executive functions. A total of 101 participants were categorized into two groups based on their Work Addiction Risk Test scores: a high-risk group (HWA; n = 39) and a low-risk group (LWA; n = 62) for work addiction. Executive functions were assessed using Go/No-Go, Digit Span, Counting Span, N-back, and Card Sorting Tasks. The findings revealed that the HWA group had poorer inhibitory control and achieved lower scores on the more complex working memory task involving updating (2-back). However, they exhibited unaltered cognitive flexibility and outperformed the LWA group on the 1-back task associated with maintenance and storage of information and sustained attention. Higher levels of impulsiveness and compulsiveness were observed in the HWA group, consistent with previous studies. These findings highlight the role of inhibition and working memory in work addiction, potentially contributing to challenges such as inefficient working strategies and impaired social functioning. This study offers valuable insights into the neurocognitive aspects of work addiction, deepening our understanding of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Berta
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Teodóra Vékony
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, INSERM, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
| | - Bence C Farkas
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INSERM, CESP, Villejuif, France
- Institut du Psychotraumatisme de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, Conseil Départemental Yvelines et Hauts-de-Seine et Centre Hospitalier des Versailles, Versailles, France
- Centre de Recherche en Épidémiologie et en Santé des Populations, INSERM U1018, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin, Paris, France
| | - Dezső Németh
- Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon CRNL U1028 UMR5292, INSERM, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Bron, France
- BML-NAP Research Group, Institute of Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bernadette Kun
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
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Allahvirdie Rezaieh S, Ghorbani N, Farahani H. Mediating role of splitting in relation to attachment styles and shopping addiction. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1249591. [PMID: 37854143 PMCID: PMC10581345 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1249591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Shopping can provide a sense of satisfaction and pleasure; however, if a person's excessive involvement in this behavior starts to negatively impact other aspects of their life, similar to other addictive behaviors like excessive internet use, gaming, and gambling, it may be classified as pathological. Given the lack of agreement regarding the classification of excessive shopping tendencies as a separate mental health condition or addictive behavior, taking a socio-emotional approach to explore the psychological factors that precede this behavior, may offer a better comprehension of it. Methods The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between attachment styles and excessive shopping behavior, as well as to investigate the potential mediating effect of defense mechanisms like splitting on this relationship. Using convenience sampling, a group of 457 stock market employees (116 female, 341 male) between the ages of 24 and 60 were recruited. The researchers utilized a set of validated psychological questionnaires to assess the employees attachment styles, shopping addiction, and splitting tendencies. Results The results obtained from both the mediation model and path analysis suggest that attachment styles do not have a direct relationship with shopping addiction. Nonetheless, the study supports the impact of insecure anxious and avoidan attachment styles on splitting. Furthermore, the findings confirm that splitting has a mediating effect on the relationship between attachment styles and splitting. Discussion The present study enhanced our comprehension of the subconscious mechanisms underlying shopping tendencies. Specifically, the findings suggest that excessive tendencies towards shopping can be considered a maladaptive response resulting from insecure attachment styles and the unconscious utilization of the splitting defense mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nima Ghorbani
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Mestre-Bach G, Granero R, Fernández-Aranda F, Potenza MN, Jiménez-Murcia S. Obsessive-compulsive, harm-avoidance and persistence tendencies in patients with gambling, gaming, compulsive sexual behavior and compulsive buying-shopping disorders/concerns. Addict Behav 2023; 139:107591. [PMID: 36587418 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is a growing interest in determining the specific role of obsessive-compulsive features in different behavioral addictions. However, more studies comparing sizable clinical populations with different addictions are needed.Therefore, a main aim of the present study was to explore the presence of obsessive-compulsive features among people with different behavioral addictions (gambling disorder, internet gaming disorder, compulsive sexual behavior disorder and compulsive buying-shopping concerns). Through a clustering procedure, the existence of empirical clusters among treatment-seeking patients based on obsessive-compulsive measures was explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Symptom Checklist-Revised, and the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised were obtained from 4,010 treatment-seeking patients. Obsessive-compulsive features were measured with the obsessive-compulsive subscale of the Symptom Checklist-Revised and the harm avoidance and persistence dimensions of the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised. Cluster analysis was applied to explore the existence of empirical groups based on obsessive-compulsive features. RESULTS Patients with compulsive sexual behavior disorder and compulsive buying-shopping disorder reported the highest scores on the obsessive-compulsive subscale, while patients with gambling disorder showed the lowest scores on harm avoidance, and patients with internet gaming disorder the lowest scores on persistence. Two mutually exclusive clusters were identified. Cluster 1 exhibited a more maladaptive psychopathological and personality profile than cluster. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS These results provide new evidence regarding obsessive-compulsive features in specific behavioral addictions. Therapeutic approaches should consider that different addictions may present distinct levels of obsessive-compulsive features.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roser Granero
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA; Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Programme, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
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Loneliness and the Degree of Addiction to Shopping and Work among Polish Women: The Mediating Role of Depression. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11216288. [PMID: 36362516 PMCID: PMC9654372 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) The aim of the research was to try to define the mediating role of depression in the relationship between addiction to shopping and work and loneliness, understood in terms of general loneliness among Polish women. (2) The study was conducted among 556 women. The research was carried out with the use of the diagnostic survey method, using the questionnaire technique: the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, the Purchasing Behavior Scale, the Work Addiction Risk Test, Beck Depression Inventory, and our own questionnaire. (3) Depression is a mediator in the relationship between the feeling of loneliness and the degree of addiction to shopping (β = −0.0246, z = −2.03, p = 0.043) and in the relationship between the feeling of loneliness and the degree of addiction to work (β = −0.0722, z = −4.002, p < 0.001). The direct impact of the feeling of loneliness on the degree of addiction to shopping (p = 0.237) and work (p = 0.576) is statistically insignificant. (4) Depression plays the role of a mediator between the feeling of loneliness and the degree of addiction to shopping and work. An increase in the level of depression increases the degree of addiction to shopping and work. The mediator’s participation lowers the loneliness feeling level.
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Black DW. Compulsive Shopping: A Review and Update. Curr Opin Psychol 2022; 46:101321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Qahri-Saremi H, Vaghefi I, Turel O. Addiction to Social Networking Sites and User Responses. DATA BASE FOR ADVANCES IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.1145/3508484.3508489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Prior studies have primarily used "variable-centered" perspectives to identify factors underlying user responses to social networking site (SNS) addiction, their predictors and outcomes. This paper extends this perspective by taking a person-centered approach to examine (1) the prototypical subpopulations (profiles) of users' extent of SNS addiction and responses to it, (2) how affiliations with these profiles can explain user behaviors toward SNS use, and (3) how personality traits can predict affiliations with these profiles. To this end, we propose a typological theory of SNS addiction and user responses to it via two empirical, personcentered studies. Study 1 draws on survey data from 188 SNS users to develop a typology of users based on the extent of their SNS addiction and their responses to it. It further examines the relations between affiliation with these profiles and users' SNS discontinuance intention, as a typical behavioral response to SNS addiction. Study 2 uses survey data from 284 SNS users to validate the user typology developed in Study 1 and investigate its relations to users' Big Five personality traits. Our findings shed light on a typology of five prototypical profiles of SNS users-cautious, regular, consonant, dissonant, and hooked-who differ in their extent of SNS addiction and their cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses to it. Our findings also demonstrate how Big Five personality traits can predict user affiliations with these prototypical profiles.
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Müller A, Laskowski NM, Wegmann E, Steins-Loeber S, Brand M. Problematic Online Buying-Shopping: Is it Time to Considering the Concept of an Online Subtype of Compulsive Buying-Shopping Disorder or a Specific Internet-Use Disorder? CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-021-00395-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
Problematic online buying-shopping became a recent research topic, and the question arises as to whether it would be useful to differentiate between a “predominantly online” and a “predominantly offline” compulsive buying-shopping disorder (CBSD) subtype by analogy with gaming disorder and gambling disorder in the ICD-11. This narrative review aims at reflecting the discussions on overlaps of problematic online buying-shopping with both offline CBSD and specific internet-use disorders.
Recent Findings
Preliminary data suggest that problematic online buying-shopping shares many commonalities with both offline CBSD and potential specific internet-use disorders (e.g., gaming disorder, pornography-use disorder, or social-network–use disorder). However, there is a lack of research addressing the etiology, underlying affective and cognitive mechanisms, psychosocial correlates, comorbidity profiles, and treatment of problematic online buying-shopping.
Summary
The question of whether online CBSD can develop independently from offline CBSD or only as medial transformation of offline CBSD still remains unanswered due to limited research on problematic online buying-shopping. Both perspectives are conceivable: that online CBSD represents a standalone specific internet-use disorder or the online subtype of CBSD. Future studies should examine which approach has clinical utility and indicates specific treatment options and better outcomes.
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Atroszko PA, Atroszko B, Charzyńska E. Subpopulations of Addictive Behaviors in Different Sample Types and Their Relationships with Gender, Personality, and Well-Being: Latent Profile vs. Latent Class Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8590. [PMID: 34444338 PMCID: PMC8394473 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relatively strong theoretical assumptions and previous studies concerning co-occurring addictive behaviors suggest a subpopulation representing general proclivity to behavioral addictions (BAs), and there are gender-specific subpopulations. This study aimed to compare latent profile analysis (LPA) and latent class analysis (LCA) as the methods of investigating different clusters of BAs in the general student population and among students positively screened for at least one BA. Participants and procedure: Analyses of six BAs (study, shopping, gaming, Facebook, pornography, and food) and their potential antecedents (personality) and consequences (well-being) were conducted on a full sample of Polish undergraduate students (N = 1182) and a subsample (n = 327) of students including individuals fulfilling cutoff for at least one BA. RESULTS LPA on the subsample mostly replicated the previous four profiles found in the full sample. However, LCA on a full sample did not replicate previous findings using LPA and showed only two classes: those with relatively high probabilities on all BAs and low probabilities. LCA on the subsample conflated profiles identified with LPA and classes found with LCA in the full sample. CONCLUSIONS LCA on dichotomized scores (screened positively vs. negatively) were less effective in identifying clear patterns of interrelationships between BAs based on relatively strong theoretical assumptions and found in previous research. BAs can be investigated on the whole spectrum of behavior, and person-centered analyses might be more useful when they are based on continuous scores. This paper provides more detailed analyses of the four basic clusters of BAs, prevalence, and co-occurrence of particular BAs within and between them, their gender and personality risk factors, relationships to well-being, and their interrelationships as emerging from the results of this and previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł A. Atroszko
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Gdańsk, 80-309 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.A.A.); (B.A.)
| | - Bartosz Atroszko
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Gdańsk, 80-309 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.A.A.); (B.A.)
| | - Edyta Charzyńska
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
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Charzyńska E, Sussman S, Atroszko PA. Profiles of potential behavioral addictions' severity and their associations with gender, personality, and well-being: A person-centered approach. Addict Behav 2021; 119:106941. [PMID: 33915392 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addictions share common etiological factors associated with personality vulnerabilities such as narcissism or emotional instability. Also, there are gender differences in the type of and risk for addiction (e.g., men may be more prone to addictions, overall). These are considerably less understood in relation to behavioral addictions (BAs) than in substance use disorders. This study aimed to investigate associations between profiles of six potential BAs (study, shopping, gaming, Facebook, pornography, and food) and gender, personality, and well-being among Polish emerging adults, as a partial replication and extension of previous work. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE In a paper-and-pencil cross-sectional study, 1182 Polish undergraduate students (mean age = 20.33 years; SD = 1.68) completed questionnaires measuring six potential BAs alongside questions on demographic variables, personality traits (Big Five, narcissism), and well-being indicators (general quality of life, health quality, sleep quality, perceived stress, anxiety, and hopelessness). RESULTS Using latent profile analysis, four profiles were identified: (1) elevated levels of study, Facebook, shopping, and food addictions; (2) elevated levels of gaming and pornography addictions; (3) low or average levels of all potential BAs, and (4) highest levels of all potential BAs. The second and fourth profiles included men predominantly, and the first profile included almost exclusively women. The fourth profile, in comparison to all other profiles, demonstrated significantly higher scores on all potential BAs, narcissism, lowest conscientiousness and emotional stability, and lowest well-being. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that there is a general proclivity to potential BAs. Furthermore, there are gender-specific profiles of potential BAs, which at present are poorly understood.
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Exploring the Roles of Daily Spiritual Experiences, Self-Efficacy, and Gender in Shopping Addiction: A Moderated Mediation Model. RELIGIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/rel12050355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Although spirituality has been considered a protective factor against shopping addiction, the mechanisms involved in this relationship are still poorly recognized. The present study aims to test the association of daily spiritual experiences, self-efficacy, and gender with shopping addiction. The sample consisted of 430 young adults (275 women and 155 men), with a mean age of 20.44 (SD = 1.70). The Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale were used to measure the study variables. The results showed that: (1) Daily spiritual experiences had a direct negative effect on shopping addiction; (2) daily spiritual experiences were positively related to self-efficacy, thought the effect was moderated by gender; (3) self-efficacy negatively correlated with a shopping addiction; and (4) the indirect effect of daily spiritual experiences on shopping addiction through self-efficacy was significant for women but insignificant for men. The findings confirm that spirituality protects young adults against developing a shopping addiction. They also suggest that when introducing spiritual issues into shopping addiction prevention or treatment programs, the gender-specific effects of spirituality on shopping addiction via self-efficacy should be considered to adequately utilize young women’s and men’s spiritual resources.
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Kaur K, Mearns J. Negative mood regulation expectancies moderate the effect of childhood maltreatment on compulsive buying. J Clin Psychol 2021; 77:1116-1130. [PMID: 33420747 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Two studies investigated childhood maltreatment, alexithymia-the inability to identify one's mood-and negative mood regulation expectancies (NMRE)-confidence that one can alleviate one's negative moods-as predictors of compulsive buying (CB). METHOD Participants were recruited from internet CB forums and undergraduate psychology classes. Online, they completed questionnaires and a behavioral task that assessed impulsive spending. RESULTS In Study 1 (N = 646), analyses indicated that NMRE, alexithymia, and childhood maltreatment were significant independent predictors of CB. For Study 2, a subset of participants from the Study 1 pool (N = 295) who met the criterion for clinical levels of CB were selected, based on their self-report. Analyses revealed that NMRE buffered the effect of maltreatment: among participants with high NMRE-higher levels of maltreatment were associated with minimal increases in CB and impulsive spending behavior. CONCLUSION Being confident that one can control one's unpleasant moods was a protective factor from the maladaptive consequences of childhood maltreatment. Increasing NMRE early in psychotherapy for CB may result in clients' using more adaptive coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kaur
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jack Mearns
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, California, USA
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Lim AY, Park SM, Shin E, Lee JY, Choi JS, Jung HY. Clinical and Psychological Characteristics of Young Men with Military Adaptation Issues Referred for a Psychiatric Evaluation in South Korea: Latent Profile Analysis of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 and Temperament and Character Inventory. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:19-30. [PMID: 33401887 PMCID: PMC7897866 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2020.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate clinical and psychological characteristics of young men referred for a psychiatric evaluation due to expected unsuitability for military service and identify their heterogeneous subgroups based on the profiles of MMPI-2 and TCI. METHODS We conducted a latent profile analysis of 348 men using MMPI-2 and TCI and then a comparative analysis of four latent classes in relation to sociodemographic, clinical, and IQ variables. RESULTS We identified four classes with distinct clinical and psychological features: Class 1 (nonclinical: n=68), Class 2 (internalized: n=129), Class 3 (externalized: n=60), Class 4 (confused: n=91). Class 1 showed no significant psychiatric symptoms and relatively adaptive temperament and characteristics. Class 2 showed relatively higher harm avoidance and introverted traits indicating vulnerability to internalizing disorder. Class 3 was related to higher novelty seeking, impulsivity, and bipolarity. Class 4 showed the most severe clinical symptoms including psychotic experiences with extremely unstable temperament and immature personality. In total, 50-70% participants reported clinically significant depression, anxiety, and suicidal idea. Participants showed lower processing speed index (M=85.9, SD=16.6) than the general population. CONCLUSION The results suggest that clinical conceptualization and therapeutic intervention considering distinctive features of young men with adaptive problems related to military service are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ah Young Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Mi Park
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunbin Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Seok Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Yeon Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Augsburger M, Wenger A, Haug S, Achab S, Khazaal Y, Billieux J, Schaub MP. The concept of buying-shopping disorder: Comparing latent classes with a diagnostic approach for in-store and online shopping in a representative sample in Switzerland. J Behav Addict 2020; 9:808-817. [PMID: 32918801 PMCID: PMC8943656 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2020.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Buying-shopping disorder and its transferability to the online sector is controversial. This study investigates in-store and online shopping patterns by comparing data-based modeling to a diagnostic cut-off approach. Further aims were to test model equivalence for gender and identify socio-demographic risk factors. METHODS In a representative survey, the Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale (BSAS) was applied, using both an online and in-store version. Latent class analyses were followed by multinomial logistic regression analyses to investigate socio-demographic variables. Measurement invariance across genders was tested with multi-group comparisons. RESULTS With N = 1,012, 3-class solutions provided the best model fit for both in-store and online shopping. Most individuals (76, 86%) were grouped in non-addicted classes, followed by risky (21, 11%) and addicted classes (both 3%). Twenty-eight percent of individuals in the online addicted shopping class remained unidentified using the cut-off. For online shopping, only lower age and education differentiated classes significantly. DISCUSSION Results indicate a close link between online and in-store shopping, albeit with distinguishing features. The cut-off yielded findings discrepant from class probabilities. That buying-shopping disorder mainly affects younger women of lower educational level must be questioned, given the limited associations identified. CONCLUSIONS It is important not only to consider different settings of pathological shopping, but also to focus on groups that may not have appeared at risk in previous investigations (e.g., men, older age). The BSAS cut-off warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Augsburger
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction ISGF at Zurich University, Konradstrasse 32, 8005, Zurich, Switzerland,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Andreas Wenger
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction ISGF at Zurich University, Konradstrasse 32, 8005, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Severin Haug
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction ISGF at Zurich University, Konradstrasse 32, 8005, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophia Achab
- Specialized Facility in Behavioral Addictions ReConnecte HUG, Geneva, Switzerland,WHO Collaborating Center in Training and Research in Mental Health, UniGe, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Department of Psychiatry, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael P. Schaub
- Swiss Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction ISGF at Zurich University, Konradstrasse 32, 8005, Zurich, Switzerland
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Lindheimer N, Nicolai J, Moshagen M. General rather than specific: Cognitive deficits in suppressing task irrelevant stimuli are associated with buying-shopping disorder. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237093. [PMID: 32750087 PMCID: PMC7402500 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate associations between buying-shopping disorder (BSD) propensity and the performance in the Stroop Matching Task. This task measures stimulus interference, one specific component of behavioral impulsivity, using neutral (i.e. not buying related) stimuli. Deficits thus mirror a general rather than a specific deficit to resist task-irrelevant stimuli. Method 222 participants completed the Stroop Matching Task, the Pathological Buying Screener, and various questionnaires assessing clinical background variables as well as trait-impulsivity. Results Correlation analyses showed that BSD propensity was associated with poorer performance in the Stroop Matching Task. Multiple regression analyses controlling for related disorders and trait-impulsivity indicated that BSD was the only significant predictor. Conclusion These findings indicate that BSD propensity is associated with deficits in the stimulus interference component of behavioral impulsivity, mirroring a general cognitive deficit. Since no other disorder significantly predicted the performance in the Stroop Matching Task, this deficit seems to be unique for BSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Lindheimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jennifer Nicolai
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Morten Moshagen
- Psychological Research Methods, Department of Psychology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Brakoulias V, Starcevic V, Albert U, Arumugham SS, Bailey BE, Belloch A, Borda T, Dell'Osso L, Elias JA, Falkenstein MJ, Ferrao YA, Fontenelle LF, Jelinek L, Kay B, Lochner C, Maina G, Marazziti D, Matsunaga H, Miguel EC, Morgado P, Pasquini M, Perez-Rivera R, Potluri S, Reddy JYC, Riemann BC, do Rosario MC, Shavitt RG, Stein DJ, Viswasam K, Fineberg NA. The rates of co-occurring behavioural addictions in treatment-seeking individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a preliminary report. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract 2020; 24:173-175. [PMID: 31916881 DOI: 10.1080/13651501.2019.1711424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To assess the rates of co-occurring putative 'behavioural addictions' in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Methods: Twenty-three international centres specialising in the treatment of OCD were invited to participate in a survey of the rates of behavioural addictions and other relevant comorbidity within their samples.Results: Sixteen of 23 (69.6%) invited centres from 13 countries had sufficient data to participate in the survey. The use of validated diagnostic tools was discrepant, with most centres relying on a 'clinical diagnosis' to diagnose behavioural addictions. The final sample comprised of 6916 patients with a primary diagnosis of OCD. The reported rates of behavioural addictions were as follows: 8.7% for problematic internet use, 6.8% for compulsive sexual behaviour disorder, 6.4% for compulsive buying, 4.1% for gambling disorder and 3.4% for internet gaming disorder.Conclusions: Behavioural addictions should be better assessed for patients with OCD. The absence of diagnostic scales developed specifically for behavioural addictions and overlapping obsessive-compulsive phenomena such as compulsive checking of information on the internet may explain the relatively high rate of problematic internet use in this sample. The study encourages better efforts to assess and to conceptualise the relatedness of behavioural addictions to obsessive-compulsive 'spectrum' disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlasios Brakoulias
- Department of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School - Nepean, The University of Sydney and Nepean Hospital, Sydney/Penrith, Australia.,School of Medicine, Blacktown Hospital, Western Sydney University, Sydney/Blacktown, Australia
| | - Vladan Starcevic
- Department of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School - Nepean, The University of Sydney and Nepean Hospital, Sydney/Penrith, Australia
| | - Umberto Albert
- Department of Neuroscience, Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, Torino, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Shyam S Arumugham
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Amparo Belloch
- Department of Personality Psychology, Research Unit for Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, I'TOC, Universidad de Valencia, Spain
| | - Tania Borda
- Bio-Behavioral Institute, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Department of Psychology, Argentinian Catholic University (UCA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Liliana Dell'Osso
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Section of Psychiatry, Univeristy of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Dipartmento di Farmacia, Univeristy of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jason A Elias
- McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, USA
| | | | - Ygor A Ferrao
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leonardo F Fontenelle
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.,Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Lena Jelinek
- Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Brian Kay
- Rogers Memorial Hospital, Oconomowoc, WI, USA
| | - Christine Lochner
- Department of Psychiatry, MRC Unit on Anxiety Disorders, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Giuseppe Maina
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Donatella Marazziti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Section of Psychiatry, Univeristy of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Hisato Matsunaga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Euripedes C Miguel
- Department and Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Morgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS-3Bs PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| | - Massimo Pasquini
- Department of Human Neurosciences, University of Rome, Sapienza, Italy
| | | | | | - Janardhan Y C Reddy
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Maria C do Rosario
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roseli G Shavitt
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Dan J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, MRC Unit on Anxiety Disorders, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kirupamani Viswasam
- Department of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School - Nepean, The University of Sydney and Nepean Hospital, Sydney/Penrith, Australia
| | - Naomi A Fineberg
- Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
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Challet-Bouju G, Mariez J, Perrot B, Grall-Bronnec M, Chauchard E. A Typology of Buyers Grounded in Psychological Risk Factors for Compulsive Buying (Impulsivity, Self-Esteem, and Buying Motives): Latent Class Analysis Approach ina Community Sample. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:277. [PMID: 32372984 PMCID: PMC7186342 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to identify meaningful subgroups of buyers based on psychological risk factors for compulsive buying. A community sample of 242 adult women fulfilled an online survey exploring buying habits and motives, impulsivity, self-esteem, and severity of compulsive buying. A latent class cluster analysis was performed. A nonproblematic cluster (28%) was characterized by low levels of impulsivity and buying motives. An intermediary cluster (51%) was characterized by higher levels of positive and negative reinforcement-related buying motives. Both clusters were characterized by a low frequency of compulsive buying (2 and 8%, respectively), but the severity of compulsive buying was higher for the intermediary cluster. A third cluster (21%) was characterized by a higher frequency of compulsive buying (43%), a higher severity of compulsive buying, a stronger feeling of losing control, and higher levels of negative urgency and coping motive. These results present similarities with the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model of addiction and the negative reinforcement model of drug addiction, which both postulate that negative feelings play a central role in motivating and maintaining addiction. These results also echo other typologies performed in problem gamblers and problematic videogame users. These similarities of psychological profiles with other addictive behaviors, and with common symptoms and clinical expressions, are supplementary arguments to consider conceptualizing compulsive buying as an addictive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Challet-Bouju
- CHU Nantes, Addictology and Psychiatry Department, Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, INSERM, SPHERE U1246 "methodS in Patient-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch", Nantes, France
| | - Julie Mariez
- CHU Nantes, Addictology and Psychiatry Department, Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France
| | - Bastien Perrot
- Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, INSERM, SPHERE U1246 "methodS in Patient-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch", Nantes, France
| | - Marie Grall-Bronnec
- CHU Nantes, Addictology and Psychiatry Department, Nantes, France.,Université de Nantes, Université de Tours, INSERM, SPHERE U1246 "methodS in Patient-centered outcomes and HEalth ResEarch", Nantes, France
| | - Emeline Chauchard
- Université de Nantes, Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France
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Zengin Eroğlu M, Demirkol ME, Tamam L, Gelegen V. Kompulsif satın alma bozukluğu ve dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu ilişkisi. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.559531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Müller A, Steins-Loeber S, Trotzke P, Vogel B, Georgiadou E, de Zwaan M. Online shopping in treatment-seeking patients with buying-shopping disorder. Compr Psychiatry 2019; 94:152120. [PMID: 31476589 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.152120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS With e-commerce becoming an important shopping activity, it has been argued that traditional buying-shopping disorder (BSD) migrates to the online retail market resulting in BSD predominantly online. The aims of the current study were to investigate how many patients with BSD report symptoms of online BSD, and to determine whether symptoms of probable online BSD are related to sociodemographic variables, anxiety, depression, and a higher severity of general BSD. METHOD A post hoc analysis of pooled data collected within previous studies (n = 122 treatment-seeking patients with BSD; age Mdn = 42.50, range 20-68 years; 76% women) was conducted. Assessment included the short version of the Internet Addiction Test modified for online shopping sites (s-IATshop), the Pathological Buying Screener (PBS) as an instrument assessing BSD in general, regardless of the buying or shopping environment, and measures for anxiety and depression. RESULTS 33.6% of the sample met the s-IAT threshold for probable online BSD. Higher s-IAT scores were related to lower age and to a higher severity of anxiety, depression and general BSD. A hierarchical regression analysis with general BSD (PBS score) as dependent variable and partnership status, symptoms of anxiety, depression and online BSD (s-IAT-shop) as predictors indicated a significant positive association of probable online BSD with the severity of general BSD above and beyond anxiety and depression. CONCLUSION The findings may encourage future studies addressing phenomenological characteristics, underlying features, associated comorbidity, and clinical relevance of online BSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Müller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, Hannover 30625, Germany.
| | - Sabine Steins-Loeber
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Otto Friedrich University of Bamberg, Markusplatz 3, Bamberg 96047, Germany.
| | - Patrick Trotzke
- Department of General Psychology: Cognition & Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University of Duisburg-Essen, Forsthausweg 2, 47048 Duisburg, Duisburg, Germany.
| | - Birte Vogel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Ekaterini Georgiadou
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Paracelsus Medical University Nuremberg, Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Str. 1, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany.
| | - Martina de Zwaan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
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Aydin D, Selvi Y, Kandeger A, Boysan M. The relationship of consumers’ compulsive buying behavior with biological rhythm, impulsivity, and fear of missing out. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1654203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Aydin
- Department of Advertising, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Selvi
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Research Center (SAM), Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ali Kandeger
- Department of Psychiatry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Murat Boysan
- Department of Psychology, School of Science and Arts, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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21
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Vogel B, Trotzke P, Steins-Loeber S, Schäfer G, Stenger J, de Zwaan M, Brand M, Müller A. An experimental examination of cognitive processes and response inhibition in patients seeking treatment for buying-shopping disorder. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212415. [PMID: 30840643 PMCID: PMC6402626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an ongoing debate about whether buying-shopping disorder (BSD) should be acknowledged as a behavioral addiction. The current study investigated if mechanisms that play a prominent role in disorders due to substance use or addictive behaviors are relevant in BSD, particularly cue reactivity, craving, cognitive bias and reduced inhibitory control regarding addiction-relevant cues. The study included 39 treatment-seeking patients with BSD and 39 healthy control (HC) participants (29 women and 10 men in each group). Subjective responses toward buying/shopping-relevant visual cues were compared in patients vs. control participants. Experimental paradigms with neutral and semi-individualized buying/shopping-related pictures were administered to assess attentional bias, implicit associations and response inhibition with respect to different visual cues: Dot-probe paradigm (DPP), Implicit Association Task (IAT), Go/nogo-task (GNG). The severity of BSD, craving for buying/shopping, and symptoms of comorbid mental disorders (anxiety, depressive and hoarding disorders) were measured using standardized questionnaires. The BSD-group showed more general craving for buying/shopping, stronger subjective craving reactions towards buying/shopping-related visual cues, and more symptoms of anxiety, depression and hoarding disorder than control participants. Task performance in the DPP, IAT and GNG paradigm did not differ between the two groups. The present findings confirm previous research concerning the crucial role of craving in BSD. The assumption that attentional bias, implicit associations and deficient inhibitory control with respect to buying/shopping-related cues are relevant in BSD could not be proven. Future research should address methodological shortcomings and investigate the impact of acute psychosocial stress and present mood on craving responses, cognitive processing, and response inhibition in patients with BSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birte Vogel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Patrick Trotzke
- Department of General Psychology: Cognition, Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | | | - Giulia Schäfer
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jana Stenger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martina de Zwaan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Brand
- Department of General Psychology: Cognition, Center for Behavioral Addiction Research (CeBAR), University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Astrid Müller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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22
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Typologies of PTSD clusters and reckless/self-destructive behaviors: A latent profile analysis. Psychiatry Res 2019; 272:682-691. [PMID: 30832187 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is comorbid with diverse reckless and self-destructive behaviors (RSDBs). We examined the nature and construct validity (covariates of age, gender, depression severity, number of trauma types, functional impairment) of the optimal class solution categorizing participants based on PTSD symptom and RSDB endorsement. The sample included 417 trauma-exposed individuals recruited through Amazon's MTurk platform who completed the Life Events Checklist for DSM-5, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, the Posttrauma Risky Behaviors Questionnaire, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Latent profile analyses indicated an optimal three-class solution: the Low PTSD-RSDBs, High PTSD-Low RSDBs, and High PTSD-RSDBs classes. Multinomial logistic regression indicated that impairment and depression predicted the High PTSD-Low RSDBs vs. the Low PTSD-RSDBs classes. Impairment, age, being female, and depression predicted the High vs. Low PTSD-RSDBs classes. Number of trauma types, age, being female, and depression predicted the High PTSD-RSDBs vs. High PTSD-Low RSDBs classes. Results support the presence of a reckless behaviors subtype of PTSD (characterized by greater depression, greater impariment, greater number of trauma types, being male, and being younger), conducting comprehensive assessments of RSDBs for individuals reporting PTSD symptoms and of PTSD symptoms for individuals reporting RSDBs, and the need to tailor interventions to treat PTSD and RSDBs concurrently.
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23
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Bőthe B, Kovács M, Tóth-Király I, Reid RC, Griffiths MD, Orosz G, Demetrovics Z. The Psychometric Properties of the Hypersexual Behavior Inventory Using a Large-Scale Nonclinical Sample. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2019; 56:180-190. [PMID: 30028633 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2018.1494262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The conceptualization of hypersexuality has begun to converge as a result of proposed diagnostic criteria. However, its measurement is still diverse. The Hypersexual Behavior Inventory (HBI) is one of the most appropriate scales used to assess hypersexuality, but further examination is needed to test its psychometric properties among different clinical and nonclinical groups, including samples outside of the United States. The aim of the present study was to investigate the reliability and the generalizability of HBI and to determine a cutoff score on a large, diverse, online, nonclinical sample (N = 18,034 participants; females = 6132; 34.0%; Mage = 33.6 years, SDage = 11.1). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability indices provided support for the structure of the HBI and demonstrated excellent reliability. Employing latent profile analysis (LPA), seven classes emerged, but they could not be reliably distinguished by objective sexuality-related characteristics. Moreover, it was not possible to determine an adequate cutoff score, most likely due to the low prevalence rate of hypersexuality in the population. HBI can be reliably used to measure the extent of hypersexual urges, fantasies, and behavior; however, objective indicators and a clinical interview are essential to claim that a given individual may exhibit features of problematic sexual behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Bőthe
- a Doctoral School of Psychology , ELTE Eötvös Loránd University; and Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University
| | - Márton Kovács
- b Institute of Psychology , ELTE Eötvös Loránd University
| | - István Tóth-Király
- a Doctoral School of Psychology , ELTE Eötvös Loránd University; and Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University
| | - Rory C Reid
- c Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences , University of California Los Angeles
| | | | - Gábor Orosz
- e Institute of Psychology , ELTE Eötvös Loránd University; and Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Hungarian Research Centre for Natural Sciences
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Schäfer G, Vogel B, Zimmermann T, Trotzke P, Stenger J, Tahmassebi N, de Zwaan M, Müller A. Buying-Shopping Disorder and Partnership Satisfaction. Int J Ment Health Addict 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-018-0016-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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26
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Kim HS, Hodgins DC, Torres AR, Fontenelle LF, do Rosário MC, de Mathis MA, Ferrão YA, Miguel EC, Tavares H. Dual diagnosis of obsessive compulsive and compulsive buying disorders: Demographic, clinical, and psychiatric correlates. Compr Psychiatry 2018; 86:67-73. [PMID: 30081209 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The present research assessed the rates as well as the demographic, clinical, and psychiatric correlates associated with comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and compulsive buying disorder (CBD). METHOD Participants were drawn from a large (N = 993) multi-center study of people seeking treatment for their OCD. The diagnoses of psychiatric disorders were made using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM by registered psychologists and psychiatrists. The clinical correlates, including the severity and presence of OCD symptoms and dimensions were assessed using psychometrically sound measures. RESULTS 75 (7.5%) participants met criteria for comorbid CBD. The results of binary logistic regression found that women were more likely to present with comorbid CBD, whereas being a student was a protective factor. The presence of hoarding dimension, poorer insight, social phobia, binge eating disorder, internet use disorder and kleptomania were significantly associated with comorbid CBD. CONCLUSION The results suggest that individuals with a dual diagnosis of OCD and CBD may represent a unique clinical population that warrants tailored interventions. Specifically, they were more likely to present with other psychiatric disorders characterized by high levels of impulsivity and compulsivity. Targeting psychological mechanisms common to impulsivity-compulsivity disorders may enhance treatment utility in this dual-diagnosis population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoun S Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - David C Hodgins
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Albina R Torres
- Department of Neurology, Psychology and Psychiatry, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo F Fontenelle
- Obsessive, Compulsive and Anxiety Research Program, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil; D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Brain and Mental Health Laboratory (BMH), Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Maria Conceição do Rosário
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit (UPIA) at the Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil; Child Study Center at Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Ygor A Ferrão
- Department of Psychiatry, Health Sciences Federal University of Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Euripedes C Miguel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil
| | - Hermano Tavares
- Department of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil; Impulse Control Disorders Outpatient Unit, Institute and Department of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Compulsive buying in Paris psychology students: Assessment of DSM-5 personality trait domains. Psychiatry Res 2018; 267:182-186. [PMID: 29913376 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Compulsive buying is associated with significant psychiatric comorbidity, such as personality disorders. Few studies have focused on the dimensional model of personality disorders in compulsive buying. We aimed to assess the eventual presence of personality dysfunctions in compulsive buying according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, 5th edition (DSM-5) dimensional conception of personality disorders. We screened online compulsive buying (QABB), characterized purchasing behavior and explored DSM-5 personality trait domains (Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Brief Form [PID-5-BF]) in 233 Paris psychology students using an online self-reporting questionnaire. The prevalence of compulsive buying among students was 7.7% (n = 18). The favorite items purchased by compulsive buyers were clothing and cosmetic products. Three mean trait domain scores were significantly higher for CB+ than CB- students: negative affect, detachment and disinhibition. Our findings suggest that compulsive buyers distinctively feature pathological DSM-5 dimensional personality trait domains.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is an increasing use of the Internet for dating and sexual purpose. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of social anxiety and sensation seeking to ratings of sex addiction among those who use dating Internet sites. METHODS A total of 279 participants (128 males and 151 females), with overall mean age being 25 years (SD = 2.75) and age range of 18-38, answered questionnaires on the Internet. Questionnaires included demographic details, Leibowitz Social Anxiety Scale, Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale, and Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST). RESULTS The users of Internet-dating applications showed higher scores on the SAST than non-users. Second, participants who had low scores of sex addiction had lower social anxiety scores than the participants with high scores of sexual addiction. There was no difference in sensation-seeking scores between participants with low and high scores of sexual addiction. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that social anxiety rather than sensation seeking or gender is a major factor affecting the use of Internet-dating applications for obtaining sexual partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoni Zlot
- Department of Behavioral Science, Integrative Brain and Cognition Center, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Maya Goldstein
- Department of Behavioral Science, Integrative Brain and Cognition Center, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Koby Cohen
- Department of Behavioral Science, Integrative Brain and Cognition Center, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Aviv Weinstein
- Department of Behavioral Science, Integrative Brain and Cognition Center, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel,Corresponding author: Aviv Weinstein; Department of Behavioral Science, Integrative Brain and Cognition Center, Ariel University, Science Park, Ariel 40700, Israel; Phone: +972 3 9076555; Fax: +972 3 9066629; E-mails: ;
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Nicoli de Mattos C, S Kim H, Lacroix E, Requião M, Zambrano Filomensky T, Hodgins DC, Tavares H. The need to consume: Hoarding as a shared psychological feature of compulsive buying and binge eating. Compr Psychiatry 2018; 85:67-71. [PMID: 30005178 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Compulsive buying and binge eating are two frequently co-occurring psychiatric conditions. Hoarding, which is the psychological need to excessively gather and store items, is frequently associated with both compulsive buying severity and binge eating severity. In the present study, we explored whether different dimensions of hoarding are a shared feature of compulsive buying and binge eating. METHOD Participants consisted of 434 people seeking treatment for compulsive buying disorder. Registered psychiatrists confirmed the diagnosis of compulsive buying through semi-structured clinical interviews. Participants also completed measures to assess compulsive buying severity, binge eating severity, and dimensions of hoarding (acquisition, difficulty discarding, and clutter). Two-hundred and seven participants completed all three measures. RESULTS Significant correlations were found between compulsive buying severity and the acquisition dimension of hoarding. Binge eating severity was significantly correlated with all three dimensions of hoarding. Hierarchical regression analysis found that compulsive buying severity was a significant predictor of binge eating severity. However, compulsive buying severity no longer predicted binge eating severity when the dimensions of hoarding were included simultaneously in the model. Clutter was the only subscale of hoarding to predict binge eating severity in step two of the regression analysis. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the psychological need to excessively gather and store items may constitute a shared process that is important in understanding behaviors characterized by excessive consumption such as compulsive buying and binge eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Nicoli de Mattos
- Impulse Control Disorders Outpatient Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Hyoun S Kim
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Marinalva Requião
- Impulse Control Disorders Outpatient Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Zambrano Filomensky
- Impulse Control Disorders Outpatient Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Hermano Tavares
- Impulse Control Disorders Outpatient Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Valero-Solís S, Granero R, Fernández-Aranda F, Steward T, Mestre-Bach G, Mallorquí-Bagué N, Martín-Romera V, Aymamí N, Gómez-Peña M, Del Pino-Gutiérrez A, Baño M, Moragas L, Menchón JM, Jiménez-Murcia S. The Contribution of Sex, Personality Traits, Age of Onset and Disorder Duration to Behavioral Addictions. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:497. [PMID: 30386263 PMCID: PMC6198171 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: Increases in the prevalence of behavioral addictions worldwide have led to a growth in the etiological research of the specific contribution of risk/protective factors to these disorders. The objective of this study was to assess the relative role of patients' sex, age of disorder onset and disorder duration on the clinical profile of behavioral addictions. Methods: Our sample included treatment-seeking patients diagnosed with gambling disorder (GD, n = 3,174), internet gambling disorder (IGD, n = 45), compulsive buying (CB, n = 113), and sex addiction (SA, n = 34). Results: The pattern of associations between the independent variables and the outcomes were strongly related to the behavioral addiction subtype: (a) for GD-men early onset of the disorder was related to GD severity, while for GD-women early onset was linked to novelty seeking; (b) for IGD-men, late onset correlated with addiction severity, worse psychopathological state, and high harm avoidance and self-transcendence levels; (c) for CB-women, early onset was related to higher reward-dependence scores and lower self-transcendence levels, and longer duration predicted higher cumulate debts; for CB-men, early onset and long duration correlated with high scores in harm-avoidance, self-directedness, self-transcendence, and cooperativeness; and (d) for SA-men, late onset and longer duration correlated with high disorder severity. Discussion and Conclusions: These findings are relevant for developing prevention and treatment programs specific to different behavioral addictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Valero-Solís
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roser Granero
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Trevor Steward
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Mestre-Bach
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Mallorquí-Bagué
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Virginia Martín-Romera
- Departamento de Educación y Psicología, Centro Universitario Cardenal Cisneros, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Neus Aymamí
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Gómez-Peña
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amparo Del Pino-Gutiérrez
- Nursing Department of Public Health, Maternal and Child Health, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Baño
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Moragas
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Menchón
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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31
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Moulding R, Duong A, Nedeljkovic M, Kyrios M. Do You Think That Money Can Buy Happiness? A Review of the Role of Mood, Materialism, Self, and Cognitions in Compulsive Buying. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-017-0154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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32
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Mestre-Bach G, Steward T, Jiménez-Murcia S, Fernández-Aranda F. Differences and Similarities Between Compulsive Buying and Other Addictive Behaviors. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-017-0153-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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33
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Resisting Temptation: Is Compulsive Buying an Expression of Personality Deficits? CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-017-0152-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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34
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Müller A, Mitchell JE, Vogel B, de Zwaan M. New Assessment Tools for Buying Disorder. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-017-0161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Compulsive buying disorder (CBD) is a condition characterized by excessive preoccupations, impulses, and behaviors regarding buying, resulting in serious psychological, social, and financial problems. Even though it has not been included in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, "behavioral addictions" section, CBD is a hot topic in current clinical psychiatry, because of its relevant prevalence (at least 5% in adult populations) and severe effect on quality of life.The CBD shares some clinical features with substance-related and behavioral addictions, impulse control disorders, and obsessive compulsive disorder, and it is often comorbid with other psychiatric illnesses (especially depressive and anxiety disorders). The treatment of CBD is therefore difficult, and clear therapeutic guidelines are not yet available. Treating the comorbid disorders as the first-line approach, or combining drugs with different pharmacodynamic profiles, has been suggested to address this challenging condition. CASE A 60-year-old woman affected by a severe form of CBD with comorbid major depressive disorder, resistant/intolerant to previous selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatments and only partially responder to mirtazapine, achieved a good clinical improvement adding bupropion. CONCLUSIONS Combining 2 agents with different pharmacological profiles and mechanisms of action, such as bupropion and mirtazapine, could be a useful strategy in the management of complex CBD cases.
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36
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Gallagher CE, Watt MC, Weaver AD, Murphy KA. “I fear, therefore, I shop!” exploring anxiety sensitivity in relation to compulsive buying. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Starcevic V, Khazaal Y. Relationships between Behavioural Addictions and Psychiatric Disorders: What Is Known and What Is Yet to Be Learned? Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:53. [PMID: 28439243 PMCID: PMC5383701 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This article provides a narrative review of the relationships between several behavioural addictions [pathological gambling, problematic Internet use (PIU), problematic online gaming, compulsive sexual behaviour disorder, compulsive buying, and exercise addiction] and psychiatric disorders. Associations between most behavioural addictions and depressive and anxiety disorders are strong and seem relatively non-specific. Strong links with substance use disorders may support the notion that some people are more prone to addictive behaviours, regardless of whether these involve substances or problematic activities. Other associations seem relatively specific, for example, those between PIU/online gaming and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, between compulsive buying on the one hand and eating disorders and hoarding on the other hand and between exercise addiction and eating disorders. The quality of the research varies, but most studies suffer from methodological limitations, including a cross-sectional or correlational design, non-representative study populations, small sample sizes, reliance on self-report assessment instruments, diverse diagnostic criteria, and conceptual heterogeneity of most behavioural addictions. Due to these limitations, generalisability of the findings is questionable and the direction of causality, if any, is unknown in the relationships between behavioural addictions and psychiatric disorders. Regardless of the aetiological uncertainty, these relationships often call for a modified treatment approach. Prospective studies are needed to clarify the longitudinal relationships between behavioural addictions and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladan Starcevic
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School Nepean, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yasser Khazaal
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Research Center, Montreal University Institute of Mental Health, Montreal, QC, Canada
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38
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Jiang Z, Shi M. Prevalence and co-occurrence of compulsive buying, problematic Internet and mobile phone use in college students in Yantai, China: relevance of self-traits. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:1211. [PMID: 27905905 PMCID: PMC5131526 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Until now, most research in the prevalence of compulsive buying (CB) has been developed from samples in western developed countries, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence and co-morbidities of CB, problematic Internet use (PIU) and problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) in college students in Yantai, China. Moreover, based on the lack of research focusing on differences between CB and addiction, we will explore whether CB and PIU/PMPU individuals are characterized by the same self-traits (i. e., self-control, self-esteem and self-efficacy) related profile. METHODS A total of 601 college students were involved in this cross-sectional study. Compulsive buying, problematic Internet and mobile phone use and self-traits were assessed by self-reported questionnaires. The demographic information and use characteristics were included in the questionnaires. RESULTS The incidence of CB, PIU and PMPU were 5.99, 27.8 and 8.99% respectively. In addition, compared with rural students, students from cities are more likely to get involved in CB. Students using mobile phone to surf the Internet displayed higher risk of PIU than counterparts using computer. Students using Internet or mobile phone longer are more prone to problematic use. Furthermore, we found the strong correlations and high co-morbidities of CB, PIU and PMPU and self-control was the most significant predictor for all three disorders. However, self-esteem and self-efficacy were significant predictors only for CB. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that with the prevalence of CB and PMPU roughly equivalent to that demonstrated in previous studies, PIU in Chinese college students is serious and deserves more attention. Furthermore, besides the impulsive aspect common with addiction, CB is also driven by painful self-awareness derived from low self-regard which implies the obsessive-compulsive aspect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaocai Jiang
- Department of Psychology, School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Hongqi Middle Road 186, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264025 China
| | - Mingyan Shi
- Department of Psychology, School of Educational Science, Ludong University, Hongqi Middle Road 186, Zhifu District, Yantai, 264025 China
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39
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Nicoli de Mattos C, Kim HS, Requião MG, Marasaldi RF, Filomensky TZ, Hodgins DC, Tavares H. Gender Differences in Compulsive Buying Disorder: Assessment of Demographic and Psychiatric Co-Morbidities. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167365. [PMID: 27907082 PMCID: PMC5131966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Compulsive buying is a common disorder found worldwide. Although recent research has shed light into the prevalence, etiology and clinical correlates of compulsive buying disorder, less is known about gender differences. To address this empirical gap, we assessed potential gender differences in demographic and psychiatric co-morbidities in a sample of 171 compulsive buyers (20 men and 151 women) voluntarily seeking treatment in São Paulo, Brazil. A structured clinical interview confirmed the diagnosis of compulsive buying. Of the 171 participants, 95.9% (n = 164) met criteria for at least one co-morbid psychiatric disorder. The results found that male and female compulsive buyers did not differ in problem severity as assessed by the Compulsive Buying Scale. However, several significant demographic and psychiatric differences were found in a multivariate binary logistic regression. Specifically, male compulsive buyers were more likely to report being non-heterosexual, and reported fewer years of formal education. In regards to psychiatric co-morbidities, male compulsive buyers were more likely to be diagnosed with sexual addiction, and intermittent explosive disorder. Conversely, men had lower scores on the shopping subscale of the Shorter PROMIS Questionnaire. The results suggest that male compulsive buyers are more likely to present with co-morbid psychiatric disorders. Treatment planning for compulsive buying disorder would do well to take gender into account to address for potential psychiatric co-morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Nicoli de Mattos
- Impulse Control Disorders Outpatient Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hyoun S. Kim
- Addictive Behaviours Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Marinalva G. Requião
- Impulse Control Disorders Outpatient Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renata F. Marasaldi
- Impulse Control Disorders Outpatient Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Z. Filomensky
- Impulse Control Disorders Outpatient Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David C. Hodgins
- Addictive Behaviours Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Hermano Tavares
- Impulse Control Disorders Outpatient Unit, Institute of Psychiatry, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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40
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Granero R, Fernández-Aranda F, Mestre-Bach G, Steward T, Baño M, Agüera Z, Mallorquí-Bagué N, Aymamí N, Gómez-Peña M, Sancho M, Sánchez I, Menchón JM, Martín-Romera V, Jiménez-Murcia S. Cognitive behavioral therapy for compulsive buying behavior: Predictors of treatment outcome. Eur Psychiatry 2016; 39:57-65. [PMID: 27810618 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compulsive buying behavior (CBB) is receiving increasing consideration in both consumer and psychiatric-epidemiological research, yet empirical evidence on treatment interventions is scarce and mostly from small homogeneous clinical samples. OBJECTIVES To estimate the short-term effectiveness of a standardized, individual cognitive behavioral therapy intervention (CBT) in a sample of n=97 treatment-seeking patients diagnosed with CBB, and to identify the most relevant predictors of therapy outcome. METHOD The intervention consisted of 12 individual CBT weekly sessions, lasting approximately 45minutes each. Data on patients' personality traits, psychopathology, sociodemographic factors, and compulsive buying behavior were used in our analysis. RESULTS The risk (cumulative incidence) of poor adherence to the CBT program was 27.8%. The presence of relapses during the CBT program was 47.4% and the dropout rate was 46.4%. Significant predictors of poor therapy adherence were being male, high levels of depression and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, low anxiety levels, high persistence, high harm avoidance and low self-transcendence. CONCLUSION Cognitive behavioral models show promise in treating CBB, however future interventions for CBB should be designed via a multidimensional approach in which patients' sex, comorbid symptom levels and the personality-trait profiles play a central role.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Granero
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), C/Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, C/Fortuna Edificio B, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Fernández-Aranda
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), C/Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Pathological Gambling Unit, C/Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Campus de Bellvitge Pavelló de Govern, University of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Mestre-Bach
- Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Pathological Gambling Unit, C/Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Steward
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), C/Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Pathological Gambling Unit, C/Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Baño
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), C/Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Pathological Gambling Unit, C/Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Z Agüera
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), C/Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Pathological Gambling Unit, C/Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Mallorquí-Bagué
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), C/Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Pathological Gambling Unit, C/Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Aymamí
- Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Pathological Gambling Unit, C/Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Gómez-Peña
- Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Pathological Gambling Unit, C/Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Sancho
- Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Pathological Gambling Unit, C/Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Sánchez
- Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Pathological Gambling Unit, C/Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J M Menchón
- Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Pathological Gambling Unit, C/Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Campus de Bellvitge Pavelló de Govern, University of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ciber de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - V Martín-Romera
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Departament de Psicologia Clinica, C/Fortuna Edificio B, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Jiménez-Murcia
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), C/Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11, Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Department of Psychiatry, Pathological Gambling Unit, C/Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; Campus de Bellvitge Pavelló de Govern, University of Barcelona, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Feixa Llarga s/n, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
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41
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Nicolai J, Darancó S, Moshagen M. Effects of mood state on impulsivity in pathological buying. Psychiatry Res 2016; 244:351-6. [PMID: 27521976 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Pathological buying is characterized by irrepressible buying behaviour and its negative consequences. A possible mechanism contributing to its development and maintenance is that buying episodes act as a maladaptive strategy to cope with negative emotions. Accordingly, pathological buying has been repeatedly associated with impulsivity, in particular with the tendency to experience strong reactions under negative affect. Relying on an experimental mood induction procedure, the present study tested in a sample of 100 individuals (a) whether individuals with pathological buying symptoms respond more impulsively in the Go/No-Go Task (as a measure of the behavioural inhibition aspect of impulsivity) and (b) whether this association is more pronounced in a negative mood. While controlling for comorbidities, the results show that pathological buying is associated with faster responses and a larger number of commission errors. Moreover, a significant interaction indicated that the association between pathological buying and performance the Go/No-Go Task was stronger in the negative mood condition. The present study thus shows that pathological buying is associated with deficits in the behavioural inhibition component of impulsivity. These deficits are most pronounced when mood is negative; in turn, this provides an explanation for the occurrence of excessive buying episodes following negative affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Nicolai
- Cognition and Individual Differences, University of Mannheim, Schloss, EO 254, 68133 Mannheim, Germany.
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42
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Maraz A, Urbán R, Demetrovics Z. Borderline personality disorder and compulsive buying: A multivariate etiological model. Addict Behav 2016; 60:117-23. [PMID: 27124503 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aniko Maraz
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Róbert Urbán
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Abstract
Aim To investigate impulsive behaviors in pathological buying (PB). Methods The study included three groups matched for age and gender: treatment seeking outpatients with PB (PB+), treatment seeking psychiatric inpatients without PB (PB-), and a healthy control group (HC). PB was assessed by means of the Compulsive Buying Scale and by the impulse control disorder (ICD) module of the research version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-ICD). All participants answered questionnaires concerning symptoms of borderline personality disorder, self-harming behaviors, binge eating and symptoms of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In addition, comorbid ICDs were assessed using the SCID-ICD. Results The PB+ and PB- groups did not differ with regard to borderline personality disorder or ADHD symptoms, but both groups reported significantly more symptoms than the HC group. Frequencies of self-harming behaviors did not differ between the three groups. Patients with PB were more often diagnosed with any current ICD (excluding PB) compared to those without PB and the HC group (38.7% vs. 12.9% vs. 12.9%, respectively, p=.017). Discussion Our findings confirm prior research suggesting more impulsive behaviors in patients with and without PB compared to healthy controls. The results of the questionnaire-based assessment indicate that outpatients with PB perceive themselves equally impulsive and self-harm as frequently as inpatients without PB; but they seem to suffer more often from an ICD as assessed by means of an interview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Zander
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany,Corresponding author: Heike Zander, Psy.D.; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Phone: +49 511 532 6696; Fax: +49 511 532 18579; E-mail:
| | - Laurence Claes
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (CAPRI), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eva M. Voth
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martina de Zwaan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Astrid Müller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Granero R, Fernández-Aranda F, Baño M, Steward T, Mestre-Bach G, Del Pino-Gutiérrez A, Moragas L, Mallorquí-Bagué N, Aymamí N, Goméz-Peña M, Tárrega S, Menchón JM, Jiménez-Murcia S. Compulsive buying disorder clustering based on sex, age, onset and personality traits. Compr Psychiatry 2016; 68:1-10. [PMID: 27234176 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED In spite of the revived interest in compulsive buying disorder (CBD), its classification into the contemporary nosologic systems continues to be debated, and scarce studies have addressed heterogeneity in the clinical phenotype through methodologies based on a person-centered approach. OBJECTIVES To identify empirical clusters of CBD employing personality traits, as well as patients' sex, age and the age of CBD onset as indicators. METHODS An agglomerative hierarchical clustering method defining a combination of the Schwarz Bayesian Information Criterion and log-likelihood was used. RESULTS Three clusters were identified in a sample of n=110 patients attending a specialized CBD unit a) "male compulsive buyers" reported the highest prevalence of comorbid gambling disorder and the lowest levels of reward dependence; b) "female low-dysfunctional" mainly included employed women, with the highest level of education, the oldest age of onset, the lowest scores in harm avoidance and the highest levels of persistence, self-directedness and cooperativeness; and c) "female highly-dysfunctional" with the youngest age of onset, the highest levels of comorbid psychopathology and harm avoidance, and the lowest score in self-directedness. CONCLUSION Sociodemographic characteristics and personality traits can be used to determine CBD clusters which represent different clinical subtypes. These subtypes should be considered when developing assessment instruments, preventive programs and treatment interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roser Granero
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11 - Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Health Science, Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ Fortuna Edificio B, 08193, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11 - Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, C/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Campus de Bellvitge - Pavelló de Govern, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Baño
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11 - Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, C/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Trevor Steward
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11 - Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, C/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Mestre-Bach
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, C/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amparo Del Pino-Gutiérrez
- Nursing Department of Mental Health, Public Health, Maternal and Child Health, Nursing School, University of Barcelona, Campus de Bellvitge - Pavelló de Govern, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Moragas
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, C/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Mallorquí-Bagué
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11 - Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, C/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Aymamí
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, C/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Goméz-Peña
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, C/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salomé Tárrega
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Health Science, Autonomous University of Barcelona, C/ Fortuna Edificio B, 08193, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Menchón
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, C/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Campus de Bellvitge - Pavelló de Govern, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Ciber de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11 - Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, C/ Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, Pabellón 11 - Planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain; Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, C/ Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Campus de Bellvitge - Pavelló de Govern, Feixa Llarga s/n, 08907, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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45
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Karaca S, Saleh A, Canan F, Potenza MN. Comorbidity between Behavioral Addictions and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: a Systematic Review. Int J Ment Health Addict 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-016-9660-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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46
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Granero R, Fernández-Aranda F, Steward T, Mestre-Bach G, Baño M, Del Pino-Gutiérrez A, Moragas L, Aymamí N, Gómez-Peña M, Mallorquí-Bagué N, Tárrega S, Menchón JM, Jiménez-Murcia S. Compulsive Buying Behavior: Characteristics of Comorbidity with Gambling Disorder. Front Psychol 2016; 7:625. [PMID: 27199853 PMCID: PMC4850691 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Compulsive buying behavior (CBB) has begun to be recognized as a condition worthy of attention by clinicians and researchers. Studies on the commonalities between CBB and other behavioral addictions such as gambling disorder (GD) exist in the literature, but additional research is needed to assess the frequency and clinical relevance of the comorbidity of CBB and GD. The aim of the study was to estimate the point-prevalence of CBB+GD in a clinical setting. Data corresponded to n = 3221 treatment-seeking patients who met criteria for CBB or GD at a public hospital unit specialized in treating behavioral addictions. Three groups were compared: only-CBB (n = 127), only-GD (n = 3118) and comorbid CBB+GD (n = 24). Prevalence for the co-occurrence of CBB+GD was 0.75%. In the stratum of patients with GD, GD+CBB comorbidity obtained relatively low point prevalence (0.77%), while in the subsample of CBB patients the estimated prevalence of comorbid GD was relatively high (18.9%). CBB+GD comorbidity was characterized by lower prevalence of single patients, higher risk of other behavioral addictions (sex, gaming or internet), older age and age of onset. CBB+GD registered a higher proportion of women compared to only-GD (37.5 vs. 10.0%) but a higher proportion of men compared to only-CBB (62.5 vs. 24.4%). Compared to only-GD patients, the simultaneous presence of CBB+GD was associated with increased psychopathology and dysfunctional levels of harm avoidance. This study provides empirical evidence to better understand CBB, GD and their co-occurrence. Future research should help delineate the processes through which people acquire and develop this comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roser Granero
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelona, Spain; Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelona, Spain
| | - Fernando Fernández-Aranda
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelona, Spain; Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELLBarcelona, Spain
| | - Trevor Steward
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelona, Spain; Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELLBarcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Mestre-Bach
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Baño
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelona, Spain; Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELLBarcelona, Spain
| | - Amparo Del Pino-Gutiérrez
- Nursing Department of Mental Health, Public Health, Maternal and Child Health, Nursing School, University of Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Moragas
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL Barcelona, Spain
| | - Neus Aymamí
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mónica Gómez-Peña
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Mallorquí-Bagué
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelona, Spain; Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELLBarcelona, Spain
| | - Salomé Tárrega
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Menchón
- Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELLBarcelona, Spain; Ciber de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIBarcelona, Spain; Pathological Gambling Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELLBarcelona, Spain
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Coulombe S, Radziszewski S, Meunier S, Provencher H, Hudon C, Roberge P, Provencher MD, Houle J. Profiles of Recovery from Mood and Anxiety Disorders: A Person-Centered Exploration of People's Engagement in Self-Management. Front Psychol 2016; 7:584. [PMID: 27199819 PMCID: PMC4844930 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: A shift toward person-centered care has been occurring in services provided to people with mood and anxiety disorders. Recovery is recognized as encompassing personal aspects in addition to clinical ones. Guidelines now recommend supporting people's engagement in self-management as a complementary recovery avenue. Yet the literature lacks evidence on how individualized combinations of self-management strategies used by people relate to their clinical and personal recovery indicators. Objectives: The aims of this study were to identify profiles underlying mental health recovery, describe the characteristics of participants corresponding to each profile, and examine the associations of profiles with criterion variables. Method: 149 people recovering from anxiety, depressive, or bipolar disorders completed questionnaires on self-management, clinical recovery (symptom severity), personal recovery (positive mental health), and criterion variables (personal goal appraisal, social participation, self-care abilities, coping). Results: Latent profile analysis (LPA) revealed three profiles. The Floundering profile included participants who rarely used self-management strategies and had moderately severe symptoms and the lowest positive mental health. The Flourishing profile was characterized by frequent use of self-empowerment strategies, the least severe symptoms, and the highest positive mental health. Participants in the Struggling profile engaged actively in several self-management strategies focused on symptom reduction and healthy lifestyle. They concomitantly reported high symptom severity and moderately high positive mental health. The study revealed that Floundering was associated with higher probabilities of being a man, being single, and having a low income. People in the Flourishing profile had the most favorable scores on criterion variables, supporting the profiles' construct validity. Discussion: The mixed portrait of Struggling participants on recovery indicators suggests the relationship between health engagement and recovery is more intricate than anticipated. Practitioners should strive for a holistic understanding of their clients' self-management strategies and recovery indicators to provide support personalized to their profile. While people presenting risk factors would benefit from person-centered support, societal efforts are needed in the long term to reduce global health inequalities. The integration of constructs from diverse fields (patient-centered care, chronic illness, positive psychology) and the use of person-oriented analysis yielded new insights into people's engagement in their health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Coulombe
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal QC, Canada
| | | | - Sophie Meunier
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal QC, Canada
| | | | - Catherine Hudon
- Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Pasquale Roberge
- Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | | | - Janie Houle
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, MontréalQC, Canada; Research Centre, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Montréal, MontréalQC, Canada
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48
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Yip SW, Mei S, Pilver CE, Steinberg MA, Rugle LJ, Krishnan-Sarin S, Hoff RA, Potenza MN. At-Risk/Problematic Shopping and Gambling in Adolescence. J Gambl Stud 2015; 31:1431-1447. [PMID: 25117852 PMCID: PMC4827601 DOI: 10.1007/s10899-014-9494-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Elevated levels of both pathological gambling (PG) and problem shopping (PS) have been reported among adolescents, and each is associated with a range of other negative health/functioning measures. However, relationships between PS and PG, particularly during adolescence, are not well understood. In this study, we explored the relationship between different levels of problem-gambling severity and health/functioning characteristics, gambling-related social experiences, gambling behaviors and motivations among adolescents with and without at-risk/problematic shopping (ARPS). Survey data from Connecticut high school students (n = 2,100) were analyzed using bivariate analyses and logistic regression modeling. Although at-risk/problematic gambling (ARPG) was not increased among adolescents with ARPS, adolescents with ARPG (vs non-gamblers) were more likely to report having experienced a growing tension or anxiety that could only be relieved by shopping and missing other obligations due to shopping. In comparison to the non-ARPS group, a smaller proportion of respondents in the ARPS group reported paid part-time employment, whereas a greater proportion of respondents reported excessive gambling by peers and feeling concerned over the gambling of a close family member. In general, similar associations between problem-gambling severity and measures of health/functioning and gambling-related behaviors and motivations were observed across ARPS and non-ARPS adolescents. However, associations were weaker among ARPS adolescents for several variables: engagement in extracurricular activities, alcohol and caffeine use and gambling for financial reasons. These findings suggest a complex relationship between problem-gambling severity and ARPS. They highlight the importance of considering co-occurring risk behaviors such as ARPS when treating adolescents with at-risk/problem gambling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah W Yip
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Songli Mei
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Corey E Pilver
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | - Rani A Hoff
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA CT Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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49
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Trotzke P, Starcke K, Müller A, Brand M. Pathological Buying Online as a Specific Form of Internet Addiction: A Model-Based Experimental Investigation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140296. [PMID: 26465593 PMCID: PMC4605699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate different factors of vulnerability for pathological buying in the online context and to determine whether online pathological buying has parallels to a specific Internet addiction. According to a model of specific Internet addiction by Brand and colleagues, potential vulnerability factors may consist of a predisposing excitability from shopping and as mediating variable, specific Internet use expectancies. Additionally, in line with models on addiction behavior, cue-induced craving should also constitute an important factor for online pathological buying. The theoretical model was tested in this study by investigating 240 female participants with a cue-reactivity paradigm, which was composed of online shopping pictures, to assess excitability from shopping. Craving (before and after the cue-reactivity paradigm) and online shopping expectancies were measured. The tendency for pathological buying and online pathological buying were screened with the Compulsive Buying Scale (CBS) and the Short Internet Addiction Test modified for shopping (s-IATshopping). The results demonstrated that the relationship between individual's excitability from shopping and online pathological buying tendency was partially mediated by specific Internet use expectancies for online shopping (model's R² = .742, p < .001). Furthermore, craving and online pathological buying tendencies were correlated (r = .556, p < .001), and an increase in craving after the cue presentation was observed solely in individuals scoring high for online pathological buying (t(28) = 2.98, p < .01, d = 0.44). Both screening instruments were correlated (r = .517, p < .001), and diagnostic concordances as well as divergences were indicated by applying the proposed cut-off criteria. In line with the model for specific Internet addiction, the study identified potential vulnerability factors for online pathological buying and suggests potential parallels. The presence of craving in individuals with a propensity for online pathological buying emphasizes that this behavior merits potential consideration within the non-substance/behavioral addictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Trotzke
- Department of General Psychology: Cognition, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Starcke
- Department of General Psychology: Cognition, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Astrid Müller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Brand
- Department of General Psychology: Cognition, University Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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50
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Trotzke P, Starcke K, Pedersen A, Müller A, Brand M. Impaired decision making under ambiguity but not under risk in individuals with pathological buying-behavioral and psychophysiological evidence. Psychiatry Res 2015; 229:551-8. [PMID: 26165961 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Pathological buying (PB) is described as dysfunctional buying behavior, associated with harmful consequences. It is discussed whether decision-making deficits are related to PB, because affected individuals often choose the short-term rewarding option of buying despite persistent negative long-term consequences. We investigated 30 patients suffering from PB and 30 matched control participants with two different decision-making tasks: the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) measures decisions under ambiguity and involves emotional feedback processing, whereas the Game of Dice Task (GDT) measures decisions under risk and can be solved strategically. Potential emotional and cognitive correlates of decision making were investigated by assessing skin conductance response (SCR) and executive functioning. In comparison to the control participants, the patients showed more disadvantageous decisions under ambiguity in the IGT. These data were supported by the SCR results: patients failed to generate SCRs that usually occur before disadvantageous decisions. The physiological and behavioral performance on decisions under risk and executive functioning did not differ between groups. Thus, deficits in emotional feedback processing might be one potential factor in etiology and pathogenesis of PB and should be considered in theory and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Trotzke
- Department of General Psychology: Cognition, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
| | - Katrin Starcke
- Department of General Psychology: Cognition, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
| | - Anya Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Kiel, Germany.
| | - Astrid Müller
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Germany.
| | - Matthias Brand
- Department of General Psychology: Cognition, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany; Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany.
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