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Wells L, O'Hara N, Frye RE, Hullavard N, Smith E. Folate Receptor Alpha Autoantibodies in the Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS) and Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS) Population. J Pers Med 2024; 14:166. [PMID: 38392599 PMCID: PMC10890663 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14020166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The folate receptor alpha autoantibodies (FRAAs) are associated with cerebral folate deficiency (CFD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Both of these syndromes have overlapping characteristics with Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS) and Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS). Thus, we propose that the FRAAs may contribute to the symptomatology of PANS/PANDAS. To test this hypothesis, 1 mL of serum from 47 patients (age range = 6-18 years old) clinically diagnosed with PANS/PANDAS was sent to Vascular Strategies (Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA) for analysis of FRAAs. Moreover, 63.8% of PANS/PANDAS patients (male = 15; female = 15) were found to have either the blocking and/or blinding FRAAs, with 25 (83.3%; male = 14; female = 11) having binding FRAAs, two (6.7%; all female = 2) having blocking FRAAs, and 3 (10%; male = 1; female = 2) having both binding and blocking. Furthermore, surprisingly, ASD was associated with a 0.76 lower binding titer (p = 0.02), and severe tics were associated with a 0.90 higher binding titer (p = 0.01). A case of a FRAA-positive patient is provided to illustrate that a treatment plan including leucovorin can result in symptom improvement in patients with PANS/PANDAS who are FRAA-positive. These data, for the first time, demonstrate that PANS/PANDAS is associated with FRAAs and suggest folate metabolism abnormalities may contribute to PANS/PANDAS symptomatology. Further studies investigating the therapeutic nature of leucovorin in the treatment of PANS/PANDAS are needed. Such studies may open up an alternative, safe, and well-tolerated treatment for those with the PANS/PANDAS diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nancy O'Hara
- Nancy O'Hara and Associates LLC, Wilton, CT 06897, USA
| | - Richard E Frye
- Autism Discovery and Treatment Foundation, Phoenix, AZ 85050, USA
| | | | - Erica Smith
- Natural Pediatrics of CT, Stamford, CT 06905, USA
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Ciobanu AM, Petrescu C, Anghele C, Manea MC, Ciobanu CA, Petrescu DM, Antonia MO, Riga S. Severe Vitamin D Deficiency-A Possible Cause of Resistance to Treatment in Psychiatric Pathology. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2056. [PMID: 38138159 PMCID: PMC10744484 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, vitamin D functions have been studied progressively, and along with their main role in regulating calcium homeostasis, the potential function in the nervous system and the link between different psychiatric disorders and vitamin D deficiency have been revealed. The discovery of vitamin D receptors in multiple brain structures, like the hippocampus, led to the hypothesis that vitamin D deficiency could be responsible for treatment resistance in psychiatric diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the current knowledge in the literature regarding vitamin D deficiency among individuals afflicted with psychiatric disorders and assess the potential therapeutic benefits of vitamin D supplementation. A systematic search was conducted on the PubMed database for articles published in the last five years (2016-2022) in English, focusing on human subjects. Results show that vitamin D deficiency has implications for numerous psychiatric disorders, affecting mood and behavior through its influence on neurotransmitter release, neurotrophic factors, and neuroprotection. It also plays a role in modulating inflammation, which is often elevated in psychiatric disorders. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency is prevalent and has far-reaching implications for mental health. This review underscores the importance of exploring the therapeutic potential of vitamin D supplementation in individuals with psychiatric disorders and highlights the need for further research in this complex field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Magdalena Ciobanu
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (C.P.); (C.A.); (M.C.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristian Petrescu
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (C.P.); (C.A.); (M.C.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Anghele
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (C.P.); (C.A.); (M.C.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihnea Costin Manea
- Neuroscience Department, Discipline of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (A.M.C.); (C.P.); (C.A.); (M.C.M.)
- Department of Psychiatry, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Diana Mihaela Petrescu
- Department of Neurology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mihalache Oana Antonia
- Neurology Clinic, “Fundeni” Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Stress Research and Prophylaxis, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Sorin Riga
- Department of Stress Research and Prophylaxis, “Prof. Dr. Alexandru Obregia” Clinical Hospital of Psychiatry, 041914 Bucharest, Romania;
- Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences, 927180 Bucharest, Romania
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Marazziti D, Barberi FM, Fontenelle L, Buccianelli B, Carbone MG, Parra E, Palermo S, Massa L, Tagliarini C, Della Vecchia A, Mucci F, Arone A, Dell'Osso L. Decreased vitamin D levels in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients. CNS Spectr 2023; 28:606-613. [PMID: 34551844 DOI: 10.1017/s1092852921000821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present paper compared vitamin D levels in adult patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and explored possible correlations with patients' characteristics. METHODS Fifty outpatients with OCD, according to DSM-5 criteria, were included and assessed with the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRDS). RESULTS All the patients except one showed lower vitamin D levels than normative values (>30 nm/L). Vitamin D values of the whole sample were negatively correlated with Y-BOCS total, compulsion subscale, and some items' scores, specifically "interference from obsessions," "distress associated with obsessions," and "time spent on compulsions". The same relationships were detected in men, while women showed negative correlations between vitamin D levels and Y-BOCS compulsion subscale and "resistance to compulsions," "degree of control of compulsions," "insight" item scores. CONCLUSIONS Our findings would indicate that vitamin D might be involved in the pathophysiology of OCD, and that it is possibly related to the severity of the disorder and to typical symptoms, with some sex-related peculiarities. Further studies are necessary to support or not our findings and to ascertain the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in patients with OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Marazziti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo M Barberi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Leonardo Fontenelle
- Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Beatrice Buccianelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Manuel G Carbone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Division of Psychiatry, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Parra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefania Palermo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Massa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Tagliarini
- Department of Mental Health, National Health Service, ASST Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Della Vecchia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Mucci
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Arone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Liliana Dell'Osso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Runge K, Reisert M, Feige B, Nickel K, Urbach H, Venhoff N, Tzschach A, Schiele MA, Hannibal L, Prüss H, Domschke K, Tebartz van Elst L, Endres D. Deep clinical phenotyping of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: an approach towards detection of organic causes and first results. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:83. [PMID: 36882422 PMCID: PMC9992508 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In the revised diagnostic classification systems ICD-11 and DSM-5, secondary, organic forms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are implemented as specific nosological entities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to clarify whether a comprehensive screening approach, such as the Freiburg-Diagnostic-Protocol for patients with OCD (FDP-OCD), is beneficial for detecting organic OCD forms. The FDP-OCD includes advanced laboratory tests, an expanded magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol, and electroencephalography (EEG) investigations as well as automated MRI and EEG analyses. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, and genetic analysis were added for patients with suspected organic OCD. The diagnostic findings of the first 61 consecutive OCD inpatients (32 female and 29 male; mean age: 32.7 ± 12.05 years) analyzed using our protocol were investigated. A probable organic cause was assumed in five patients (8%), which included three patients with autoimmune OCD (one patient with neurolupus and two with specific novel neuronal antibodies in CSF) and two patients with newly diagnosed genetic syndromes (both with matching MRI alterations). In another five patients (8%), possible organic OCD was detected (three autoimmune cases and two genetic cases). Immunological serum abnormalities were identified in the entire patient group, particularly with high rates of decreased "neurovitamin" levels (suboptimal vitamin D in 75% and folic acid in 21%) and increased streptococcal (in 46%) and antinuclear antibodies (ANAs; in 36%). In summary, the FDP-OCD screening led to the detection of probable or possible organic OCD forms in 16% of the patients with mostly autoimmune forms of OCD. The frequent presence of systemic autoantibodies such as ANAs further support the possible influence of autoimmune processes in subgroups of patients with OCD. Further research is needed to identify the prevalence of organic OCD forms and its treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimon Runge
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Reisert
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Feige
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Nickel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Horst Urbach
- Department of Neuroradiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nils Venhoff
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Tzschach
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Miriam A Schiele
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luciana Hannibal
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Harald Prüss
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in Neuromodulation, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ludger Tebartz van Elst
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominique Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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ESNAFOGLU E. Investigation of the relationship between vitamin D and peripheral inflammatory parameters in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. KONURALP TIP DERGISI 2023. [DOI: 10.18521/ktd.1179272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D and some nutritional factors such as vitamin B12, folate, homocysteine, and ferritin, which play a role in the pathogenesis of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), on inflammation, which is also claimed to play a role in the pathogenesis of ADHD.
Materials and methods: 39 ADHD and 39 healthy controls were compared with similar age, gender and BMI. The severity of the disease was evaluated with the Turgay ADHD scale. Inflammatory and nutritional parameters were measured routinely.
Results: In the patient group, Vitamin D was found to be significantly lower (p
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Prades N, Varela E, Flamarique I, Deulofeu R, Baeza I. Water-soluble vitamin insufficiency, deficiency and supplementation in children and adolescents with a psychiatric disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Neurosci 2023; 26:85-107. [PMID: 35034564 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.2020402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition is fundamental for brain development, but relatively little is known about water-soluble vitamin (WSV) levels and the effect of supplementation on psychiatry symptoms in children and adolescents (CAD) with psychiatric disorders. Our team systematically reviewed all studies concerning WSV abnormalities or supplementation in CAD with any psychiatric disorder. We searched for original studies published between 1990 and 15/05/2020 which were not based on retrospective chart review and which included WSV blood level measurements or investigated the effect of WSV supplementation on psychiatric symptoms in psychiatric patients aged 18 or under. Forty-two articles were included, 69% of which (N = 29) examined Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), with most of these assessing folate or vitamin B12 supplementation (N = 22, 75.9% of ASD studies). Meta-analyses showed significantly lower vitamin B12 levels in ASD and ADHD patients vs. healthy controls (HC), while folate levels were higher in ADHD patients vs. HC. Most of the studies (9/10, 90%) showed a decrease in symptoms as measured by clinical scales after supplementation. There was significant heterogeneity between the studies, however many found different types of vitamin abnormalities in CAD with psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Itziar Flamarique
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institut Clínic of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic Universitari of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Deulofeu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Centre de Diagnostic Biomèdic Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Baeza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institut Clínic of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic Universitari of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has a bidirectional relationship with metabolic disorders. The purposes of this review are to decipher the links between OCD and metabolic disorders and to explore the etiological mechanism of OCD in metabolism, which may aid in early identification of and tailored interventions for OCD and metabolic disorders.
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Al-Sabah R, Al-Taiar A, Shaban L, Albatineh AN, Sharaf Alddin R, Durgampudi PK. Vitamin D level in relation to depression symptoms during adolescence. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2022; 16:53. [PMID: 35761369 PMCID: PMC9238117 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-022-00489-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and depression symptoms among adolescents in Kuwait, a country with a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. METHODS A school based cross-sectional study was conducted on randomly selected 704 adolescents in middle schools. Data on depression symptoms were collected using the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Data on covariates were collected from the parents by self-administered questionnaire and from adolescents by face-to-face interview. Blood samples were analyzed in an accredited laboratory; and 25(OH)D was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Of 704 adolescents, 94 (13.35%; 95%CI:10.35-17.06%) had depression symptom (a score of 19 or more on the CDI). There was no significant difference in the median CDI score between different vitamin D status (p = 0.366). There was also no significant correlation between serum 25(OH)D concentration and CDI score (Spearman's rank correlation = 0.01; p = 0.825).There was no significant association between 25(OH)D and depression symptoms whether 25(OH)D was fitted as a continuous variable (crude odds ratio (OR) 0 .99 [95%CI: 0.98, 1.01], p = 0.458 and adjusted OR 1.01 [95%CI: 0.99, 1.02], p = 0.233), categorical variable as per acceptable cut-of points (crude analysis p = 0.376 and adjusted analysis p = 0.736), or categorical variable as quartiles (crude analysis p = 0.760 and adjusted analysis p = 0.549). CONCLUSION Vitamin D status does not seem to be associated with depression symptoms among adolescents in our setting. Nevertheless, it is important to have sufficient vitamin D levels during adolescence for several other health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Al-Sabah
- grid.411196.a0000 0001 1240 3921Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Abdullah Al-Taiar
- School of Community & Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, 4608 Hampton Blvd, 3136 Health Sciences Building, Norfolk, VA, 23508, USA.
| | - Lemia Shaban
- grid.411196.a0000 0001 1240 3921Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed N. Albatineh
- grid.411196.a0000 0001 1240 3921Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Reem Sharaf Alddin
- grid.255414.30000 0001 2182 3733CONRAD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, United States
| | - Praveen K. Durgampudi
- grid.261368.80000 0001 2164 3177School of Community & Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, 4608 Hampton Blvd, 3136 Health Sciences Building, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA
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Taha MM, Mahdy-Abdallah H, Shahy EM, Mansour NAEM, Fouad MM, Helmy MA. Preference between serum homocysteine and urinary periostin as early predictive biomarkers of renal dysfunction among uncontrolled diabetics. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 19:399-405. [PMID: 34995023 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents a serious public health problem. Environmental toxins, other than infectious agents or exposures can stimulate immune responses which are associated with the occurrence of T2DM. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of diabetes that leads to changes in the structure and function of the kidneys. The study aimed to detect diagnostic biomarkers for (DN), at an early stage, to prevent disease progression in these patients and improve their outcomes. METHODS This study was performed on 102 T2DM patients and 80 normal controls. Blood glucose, HbA1c, serum homocysteine (Hcy) and urinary periostin were assessed. Patients were divided into: controlled (n=46) (HbA1c <6.5%) and uncontrolled diabetics (n=56) (HbA1c >6.5%). RESULTS The study results revealed a significant rise in blood glucose and HbA1c as well as serum Hcy levels in diabetic groups compared to controls. Also, urinary periostin exhibited significant elevation in diabetic groups. Serum glucose, HbA1c and serum Hcy revealed a highly significant difference between diabetic subgroups and control groups, while urinary periostin demonstrated a non-significant difference. Only, urinary periostin showed a significant increase in uncontrolled diabetics. CONCLUSIONS The highest levels of serum Hcy and urinary periostin were recorded only in the uncontrolled diabetics. Urinary periostin was demonstrated as a more preferable biomarker being a non-invasive sample for predicting renal insult in diabetic subjects. This biomarker could be performed regularly for early detection of DN. Also, it could be added to the periodic medical examinations of workers occupationally exposed to workplace pollutants inducing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Mohamed Taha
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heba Mahdy-Abdallah
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamed Shahy
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Marwa Mohamed Fouad
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Adel Helmy
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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Yan S, Liu H, Yu Y, Han N, Du W. Changes of Serum Homocysteine and Vitamin B12, but Not Folate Are Correlated With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:754165. [PMID: 35615448 PMCID: PMC9124900 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.754165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) a complex neuropsychiatric disorder, is characterized by irresistible obsessive thinking and compulsive behavior. Folate is a member of water-soluble vitamins in the human body and sustains many normal daily activities (e.g., exercise, sleep, and memory). Homocysteine, a sulfur-containing non-essential amino acid, has been investigated in numerous psychiatric disorders (e.g., OCD). Vitamin B12 is a type of complex organic compound with cobalt contained. Moreover, vitamin B12 and folate deficiency and high levels of homocysteine were found to have an effect on brain functions and also lead to non-specific psychiatric symptoms. Objectives This study aimed to confirm the epidemiological evidence of OCD and investigate whether vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine have an effect on the etiology of OCD. Methods A systematic search was conducted on eight databases (i.e., PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, China Science and Technology Journal Database), and the retrieval time was up to March 2021. The available articles involving patients with OCD with/without abnormal serum levels of vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine were comprehensively reviewed and analyzed. Results A total of 5 studies involving 309 patients were included in this meta-analysis, including 172 cases in the experimental group and 137 in the control group. The content of folate in the OCD group was not significantly different from that in the control group (SMD = -0.089, 95%CI -0.755 to 0.577, p = 0.794). And serum homocysteine was significantly higher in the patients with OCD (SMD = 1.132, 95%CI 0.486 to 1.778, p = 0.001). Vitamin B12 was significantly lower in patients with OCD (SMD = -0.583, 95%CI -0.938 to -0.229, p = 0.001). Conclusions This meta-analysis shows serum high levels of homocysteine, low levels of vitamin B12, and normal folate level are closely correlated with OCD. However, high-quality case-control studies should be further conducted to explore the correlation between serum levels of vitamin B12, folate, homocysteine, and OCD. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021262161; PROSPERO (Number CRD#42021262161).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wenzhi Du
- Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Institute of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
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Medina‐Reyes EI, Rodríguez‐Ibarra C, Díaz‐Urbina D, Déciga‐Alcaraz A, Delgado‐Buenrostro NL, Chirino YI, Pedraza‐Chaverri J. Food‐grade titanium dioxide decreases hematocrit and hemoglobin and increases compulsive‐like behavior in male mice. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:1411-1419. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.4296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Estefany I. Medina‐Reyes
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CP Ciudad de México México
| | - Carolina Rodríguez‐Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tlalnepantla de Baz Estado de México México
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, UNAM
| | - Daniel Díaz‐Urbina
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Alimentación. Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tlalnepantla de Baz Estado de México México
| | - Alejandro Déciga‐Alcaraz
- Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tlalnepantla de Baz Estado de México México
- Programa de Cátedras del Consejo Mexiquense de Ciencia y Tecnología (COMECyT) Estado de México
| | - Normal L. Delgado‐Buenrostro
- Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tlalnepantla de Baz Estado de México México
| | - Yolanda I. Chirino
- Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tlalnepantla de Baz Estado de México México
| | - José Pedraza‐Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CP Ciudad de México México
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12
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Balandeh E, Karimian M, Behjati M, Mohammadi AH. Serum Vitamins and Homocysteine Levels in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Neuropsychobiology 2022; 80:502-515. [PMID: 33744893 DOI: 10.1159/000514075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin and homocysteine (Hcy) alternations have been associated with psychiatric disorders. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the association of serum vitamin and Hcy levels with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Following PRISMA protocol, we used the databases including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science with no time restriction. Data were pooled using a random-effects model and/or fixed-effects model to estimate the standard mean difference (SMD) for evaluation of the strength of association analyses. Our data showed a significant reduction in vitamin B12 (SMD = -0.58, 95% CI = -1.08 to -0.08, p = 0.02, I2 = 65%; pheterogeneity = 0.06), vitamin E (SMD = -0.89, 95% CI = -1.23 to -0.56, p < 0.00001, I2 = 23%; pheterogeneity = 0.26), and vitamin C (SMD = -1.40, 95% CI = -2.44 to -0.36, p = 0.008, I2 = 92%; pheterogeneity < 0.0001) in OCD patients. In addition, the findings showed significantly higher levels of Hcy (SMD = 1.11, 95% CI = [0.48, 1.75], p = 0.0006, I2 = 73%; ph = 0.02) in patients compared to controls. Also, our data showed that vitamin B9 and D levels are not associated with OCD (vitamin B9: SMD = -0.23, 95% CI = -1.01 to 0.55, p = 0.56, I2 = 88%; pheterogeneity < 0.0001; vitamin D: SMD = -0.63, 95% CI = -1.41 to 0.15, p = 0.11, I2 = 88%; pheterogeneity = 0.0002). Our findings support significant impacts of Hcy and vitamin B12, E, and C levels in OCD pathogenesis. This will be important for prevention and treatment of OCD. However, further studies are recommended to elucidate more accurate conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Balandeh
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karimian
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Behjati
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran, .,Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran,
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13
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Gómez Del Barrio A, Pardo de Santayana G, Ruiz Guerrero F, Benito Gonzalez P, Calcedo Giraldo G, González Gómez J, García-Unzueta MT. Suicidal ideation in a sample with a first-episode of restrictive eating disorders: The role of biomarkers. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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14
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Geng C, Yang Z, Xu P, Zhang H. Vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with narcolepsy. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2021; 212:107097. [PMID: 34942572 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.107097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Narcolepsy can be defined as a sleep disorder. However, whether changes in the serum vitamin B12 levels are involved in the pathophysiological mechanism of narcolepsy remains unclear. Our study aimed to assess whether vitamin B12 levels are independently related to the occurrence of narcolepsy. METHODS The serum folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine levels of 40 patients with narcolepsy and 40 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were retrospectively analyzed. According to the results of the univariate logistic analysis, a multiple logistic regression model was constructed to predict the independent influencing indicators. RESULTS Serum folic acid and vitamin B12 levels in the narcolepsy group were significantly reduced. Moreover, through the sex subgroup, males in the narcolepsy group had lower serum vitamin B12 levels. Multivariate logistic regression revealed serum vitamin B12 to be independently associated with narcolepsy (p < 0.05; odds ratio=0.97; 95% confidence interval: 0.95-0.98). CONCLUSION Decreased serum vitamin B12 levels are independently associated with the development of narcolepsy, which illustrates the complex relationship between vitamin B12 and narcolepsy. Future studies should explore whether vitamin B12 supplementation can improve the symptoms of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Geng
- Henan University People's Hospital; Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital; Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Henan University People's Hospital; Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Hongju Zhang
- Henan University People's Hospital; Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China; Zhengzhou University People's Hospital; Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
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15
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Eszlari N, Bruncsics B, Millinghoffer A, Hullam G, Petschner P, Gonda X, Breen G, Antal P, Bagdy G, Deakin JFW, Juhasz G. Biology of Perseverative Negative Thinking: The Role of Timing and Folate Intake. Nutrients 2021; 13:4396. [PMID: 34959947 PMCID: PMC8703428 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Past-oriented rumination and future-oriented worry are two aspects of perseverative negative thinking related to the neuroticism endophenotype and associated with depression and anxiety. Our present aim was to investigate the genomic background of these two aspects of perseverative negative thinking within separate groups of individuals with suboptimal versus optimal folate intake. We conducted a genome-wide association study in the UK Biobank database (n = 72,621) on the "rumination" and "worry" items of the Eysenck Personality Inventory Neuroticism scale in these separate groups. Optimal folate intake was related to lower worry, but unrelated to rumination. In contrast, genetic associations for worry did not implicate specific biological processes, while past-oriented rumination had a more specific genetic background, emphasizing its endophenotypic nature. Furthermore, biological pathways leading to rumination appeared to differ according to folate intake: purinergic signaling and circadian regulator gene ARNTL emerged in the whole sample, blastocyst development, DNA replication, and C-C chemokines in the suboptimal folate group, and prostaglandin response and K+ channel subunit gene KCNH3 in the optimal folate group. Our results point to possible benefits of folate in anxiety disorders, and to the importance of simultaneously taking into account genetic and environmental factors to determine personalized intervention in polygenic and multifactorial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Eszlari
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.P.); (G.B.); (G.J.)
- NAP-2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (A.M.); (X.G.)
| | - Bence Bruncsics
- Department of Measurement and Information Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (G.H.); (P.A.)
| | - Andras Millinghoffer
- NAP-2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (A.M.); (X.G.)
- Department of Measurement and Information Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (G.H.); (P.A.)
| | - Gabor Hullam
- Department of Measurement and Information Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (G.H.); (P.A.)
- MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Peter Petschner
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.P.); (G.B.); (G.J.)
- MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Xenia Gonda
- NAP-2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (A.M.); (X.G.)
- MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Gyulai Pál utca 2, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, Memory Lane, London SE5 8AF, UK;
- UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Peter Antal
- Department of Measurement and Information Systems, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary; (B.B.); (G.H.); (P.A.)
| | - Gyorgy Bagdy
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.P.); (G.B.); (G.J.)
- NAP-2-SE New Antidepressant Target Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (A.M.); (X.G.)
- MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
| | - John Francis William Deakin
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Gabriella Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary; (P.P.); (G.B.); (G.J.)
- MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
- SE-NAP 2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
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Abstract
Background Many mental disorders, including depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, are associated with poor dietary quality and nutrient intake. There is, however, a deficit of research looking at the relationship between obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) severity, nutrient intake and dietary quality. Aims This study aims to explore the relationship between OCD severity, nutrient intake and dietary quality. Method A post hoc regression analysis was conducted with data combined from two separate clinical trials that included 85 adults with diagnosed OCD, using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5. Nutrient intakes were calculated from the Dietary Questionnaire for Epidemiological Studies version 3.2, and dietary quality was scored with the Healthy Eating Index for Australian Adults – 2013. Results Nutrient intake in the sample largely aligned with Australian dietary guidelines. Linear regression models adjusted for gender, age and total energy intake showed no significant associations between OCD severity, nutrient intake and dietary quality (all P > 0.05). However, OCD severity was inversely associated with caffeine (β = −15.50, 95% CI −28.88 to −2.11, P = 0.024) and magnesium (β = −6.63, 95% CI −12.72 to −0.53, P = 0.034) intake after adjusting for OCD treatment resistance. Conclusions This study showed OCD severity had little effect on nutrient intake and dietary quality. Dietary quality scores were higher than prior studies with healthy samples, but limitations must be noted regarding comparability. Future studies employing larger sample sizes, control groups and more accurate dietary intake measures will further elucidate the relationship between nutrient intake and dietary quality in patients with OCD.
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Mild Hyperhomocysteinemia Causes Anxiety-like Behavior and Brain Hyperactivity in Rodents: Are ATPase and Excitotoxicity by NMDA Receptor Overstimulation Involved in this Effect? Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:2697-2714. [PMID: 34324129 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mild hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, whose mechanisms between them are not well-known. In the present study, we evaluated the emotional behavior and neurochemical pathways (ATPases, glutamate homeostasis, and cell viability) in amygdala and prefrontal cortex rats subjected to mild hyperhomocysteinemia (in vivo studies). The ex vivo effect of homocysteine on ATPases and redox status, as well as on NMDAR antagonism by MK-801 in same structures slices were also performed. Wistar male rats received a subcutaneous injection of 0.03 µmol Homocysteine/g of body weight or saline, twice a day from 30 to 60th-67th days of life. Hyperhomocysteinemia increased anxiety-like behavior and tended to alter locomotion/exploration of rats, whereas sucrose preference and forced swimming tests were not altered. Glutamate uptake was not changed, but the activities of glutamine synthetase and ATPases were increased. Cell viability was not altered. Ex vivo studies (slices) showed that homocysteine altered ATPases and redox status and that MK801, an NMDAR antagonist, protected amygdala (partially) and prefrontal cortex (totally) effects. Taken together, data showed that mild hyperhomocysteinemia impairs the emotional behavior, which may be associated with changes in ATPase and glutamate homeostasis, including glutamine synthetase and NMDAR overstimulation that could lead to excitotoxicity. These findings may be associated with the homocysteine risk factor on psychiatric disorders development and neurodegeneration.
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Marazziti D, Parra E, Palermo S, Barberi FM, Buccianelli B, Ricciardulli S, Cappelli A, Mucci F, Dell'Osso L. Vitamin D: A Pleiotropic Hormone with Possible Psychotropic Activities. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3843-3864. [PMID: 33302828 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666201210104701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After the recognition of the efficacy of cod-liver oil in rickets at the end of the eighteenth century, and the isolation and synthesis of the liposoluble vitamin D in 1931, its mode of actions and functions were deeply explored. Biochemical studies permitted to identify five forms of vitamin D, called D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5, differing in ultrastructural conformation and origin, with vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) and D3 (cholecalciferol) representing the active forms. In the last decades especially, a constantly increasing bulk of data highlighted how vitamin D could regulate several activities and processes. AIMS The aim of the present paper was to review and comment on the literature on vitamin D, with a focus on its possible role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. DISCUSSION Available literature indicates that vitamin D regulates a variety of processes in humans and in the central nervous system. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an enhanced pro-inflammatory state, and formation of Aβ oligomers that might contribute to the cognitive decline typical of the elderly age and, perhaps, dementia. More in general, vitamin D is supposed to play a crucial role in neuroinflammation processes that are currently hypothesized to be involved in the pathophysiology of different psychiatric disorders, such as major depression, bipolar disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorders and psychosis. CONCLUSION It is conceivable that vitamin D supplementation might pave the way towards "natural" treatments of a broad range of neuropsychiatric disorders, or at least be useful to boost response to psychotropic drugs in resistant cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Marazziti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Parra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefania Palermo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Filippo Maria Barberi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Buccianelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Ricciardulli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Cappelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Federico Mucci
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Liliana Dell'Osso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Italy
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Ye B, Zhu X, Zeng Z, Ji X, Ji M. Clinical significance of serum homocysteine as a biomarker for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Pteridines 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of serum homocysteine (Hcy) as a biomarker for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
Methods
Fifty-five T2DM patients with DN and 51 T2DM patients without DN were prospectively recruited from January 2016 to May 2020 in our hospital. The serum Hcy was tested by electrochemiluminescence assay in DN and T2DM groups and compared. The diagnostic efficacy of serum Hcy as a biomarker for early diagnosis of DN was evaluated by calculating the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve (AUC).
Results
The serum levels of Hcy were 15.49 ± 5.40 and 9.23 ± 3.15 μmol/L for DN and T2DM patients, respectively, with statistical difference (t = 7.21, P < 0.001). In the DN group, the serum Hcy levels for patients with hyperfiltration, intermittent proteinuria, microalbuminuria, macroalbuminuria and uremic were 10.99 ± 2.57, 13.90 ± 2.86, 15.38 ± 4.77, 18.98 ± 4.36 and 23.31 ± 5.22 μmol/L, respectively, which indicated that serum Hcy levels in DN were higher than those of T2DM patients and correlated with patient’s renal damage. Using the serum Hcy level as the reference, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 84.31 (71.41–92.98)%, 74.55 (61.00–85.33)% and 0.85 (0.78–0.92)%, respectively, with the cutoff value of 12.08 between DN and T2DM. The serum Hcy also had relatively good differential diagnostic efficacy between different DN stages with high sensitivity, specificity and AUC.
Conclusion
Serum Hcy was obviously elevated in DN compared to T2MD and correlated with the renal damage severity, which can be applied as a potential serological marker for early diagnosis of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ye
- Department of Endocrine, 6th Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital , Zhejiang Province 323000 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangying Zhu
- Department of Endocrine, 6th Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital , Zhejiang Province 323000 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhifu Zeng
- Department of Endocrine, 6th Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital , Zhejiang Province 323000 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhen Ji
- Department of Endocrine, 6th Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital , Zhejiang Province 323000 , People’s Republic of China
| | - Meixia Ji
- Department of Endocrine, 6th Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People’s Hospital , Zhejiang Province 323000 , People’s Republic of China
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20
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Głąbska D, Kołota A, Lachowicz K, Skolmowska D, Stachoń M, Guzek D. The Influence of Vitamin D Intake and Status on Mental Health in Children: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:952. [PMID: 33809478 PMCID: PMC7999324 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A potential role of vitamin D in some components of mental health is currently suggested, but the analyses are conducted mainly for adults, while for young individuals mental health is especially important, due to its lifelong effects. The aim of the study was to analyze the association between vitamin D intake or status and mental health in children within a systematic review of literature, including both intervention and observational studies. The literature search was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and it covered peer-reviewed studies included in databases of PubMed and Web of Science until October 2019. The studies presenting either vitamin D intake, or vitamin D status in human subjects were allowed (excluding subjects with intellectual disabilities, eating disorders and neurological disorders), while for mental health the various methods of assessment and wide scope of factors were included. The bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42020155779). A number of 7613 studies after duplicate removing were extracted by two independent researchers, followed by screening and assessment for eligibility, conducted by two independent researchers in two steps (based on title and abstract). Afterwards, the full texts were obtained and after reviewing, a number of 24 studies were included. The synthetic description of the results was prepared, structured around exposure (vitamin D supplementation/status) and outcome (components of mental health). The included studies were conducted either in groups of healthy individuals, or individuals with mental health problems, and they assessed following issues: behavior problems, violence behaviors, anxiety, depressive symptoms/depression, aggressive disorder, psychotic features, bipolar disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, suicidal incident, as well as general patterns, as follows: mental health, level of distress, quality of life, well-being, mood, sleep patterns. The vast majority of assessed studies, including the most prominent ones (based on the NOS score) supported potential positive influence of vitamin D on mental health in children. As a limitation of the analysis, it should be indicated that studies conducted so far presented various studied groups, outcomes and psychological measures, so more studies are necessary to facilitate comparisons and deepen the observations. Nevertheless, vitamin D intake within a properly balanced diet or as a supplementation, except for a safe sun exposure, should be indicated as an element supporting mental health in children, so it should be recommended to meet the required 25(OH)cholecalciferol blood level in order to prevent or alleviate mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Głąbska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (K.L.); (D.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Aleksandra Kołota
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (K.L.); (D.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Lachowicz
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (K.L.); (D.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Dominika Skolmowska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (K.L.); (D.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Stachoń
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.K.); (K.L.); (D.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Dominika Guzek
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
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21
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Namazi N, Qorbani M, Shafiee G, Ahmadian MH, Motlagh ME, Ebrahimi M, Asayesh H, Kelishadi R, Heshmat R. Association of Vitamin D Concentrations with subjective health complaints in children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:3. [PMID: 33388046 PMCID: PMC7778822 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-10020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is recognized as a global pandemic. Identification, any association between VDD and subjective health complaints (SHC), can be helpful to realize critical mechanisms and improve psychological and somatic symptoms. Given few studies published on this issue and the importance of its clarification, the main objective of this study was to examine the association between VDD and the SHC in children and adolescents. METHODS In this national cross-sectional study, 2596 Iranian children and adolescents aged 8-18 years were included. Data on SHC, anthropometric indices, physical activity, and serum levels of vitamin D were collected. Logistic regression models (crude, adjusted) were applied to examine the association between the VDD and the SHC. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA version 11. P-values< 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. RESULTS Serum levels of vitamin D in approximately 70% of Iranian children and adolescents were lower than 30 ng/mL. Among the SHC, irritability (40.9%) and feeling anxiety (33.7%) were the most prevalent ones. Multiple complaints in students with the VDD was 2.5 times greater than those with sufficient vitamin D concentrations (p < 0.001). Compared to the reference group, the strongest association was found between vitamin D status and difficulties in getting to sleep (OR: 2.5, 95%CI: 1.18, 3.53, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION VDD was observed in the considerable percentage of the study population. There were no significant differences between the two gender groups. In addition, there were significant associations between vitamin D status and most of the somatic and psychological symptoms, particularly for getting to sleep. It seems national interventional programs for vitamin D supplementation or food fortifications can be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazli Namazi
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Department of Epidemiology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gita Shafiee
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ahmadian
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Ebrahimi
- Internal Medicine Department, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asayesh
- Medical Emergencies, School of Paramedic, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Esnafoglu E, Ozturan DD. The relationship of severity of depression with homocysteine, folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin D levels in children and adolescents. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2020; 25:249-255. [PMID: 32304285 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a heterogeneous disorder and is thought to develop as a result of complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. One-carbon metabolism that includes vitamin B12, folic acid, and homocysteine has been investigated in psychiatric disorders like depression. In recent years, vitamin D has also been considered to contribute to psychiatric disorders. In this study, serum levels of folate, vitamin B12, and homocysteine related to one-carbon metabolism and vitamin D were investigated in children and adolescents with depression and to assess possible roles in depression pathogenesis. METHODS The study included 89 children and adolescents with depression (69 female, 20 male; mean age ± SD = 15.08 ± 1.46) and 43 control subjects (31 female, 12 male; mean age ± SD = 14.41 ± 2.32) without any DSM-5 diagnosis. Each subject completed a sociodemographic form, Childhood Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory 1-2 and measured serum folate, vitamin B12, homocysteine, and 25-OH vitamin D levels. RESULTS There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of folate levels (p = .052). In the patient group, the vitamin B12 and vitamin D levels were clearly low (p values for both levels were <.001), while homocysteine levels were found to be remarkably high (p < .001). In addition, there was a negative correlation between depression severity and vitamin B12 and vitamin D, while a positive correlation was found with homocysteine. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study show that vitamin B12 deficiency or insufficiency and elevated homocysteine may contribute to the etiopathogenesis of depression. Additionally, it was shown that lower vitamin D levels may be associated with depression. KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGE Depression of children and adolescents is associated with the interaction of environmental and genetic factors. Homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate related to one-carbon metabolism are associated with psychiatric disorders such as depression in adulthood. Vitamin D also contributes to psychiatric disorders pathogenesis. There are not enough studies in the literature about these parameters in children with depression. Low vitamin B12 and vitamin D levels and increased homocysteine levels may play a role in the pathogenesis of depression in children and adolescents. Investigation of vitamin B12, folate, homocysteine, and vitamin D levels are recommended in children and adolescents with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erman Esnafoglu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Deniz Deniz Ozturan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
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Campisi SC, Zasowski C, Shah S, Shah A, Bradley-Ridout G, Korczak DJ, Szatmari P. Assessing the Evidence of Micronutrients on Depression among Children and Adolescents: An Evidence Gap Map. Adv Nutr 2020; 11:908-927. [PMID: 32193537 PMCID: PMC7360446 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmaa021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is some evidence indicating that nutrition may have the ability to prevent, treat, and/or influence the severity of depression. The aims of this evidence gap map (EGM) are to provide an overview and to determine evidence gaps in the existing research on micronutrients and their impact on depression among children and adolescents. We conducted a comprehensive search in multiple databases of primary and secondary literature assessing the impact of micronutrients on depression-related outcomes such as unipolar depression, major depressive disorders, dysthymia, acute depression, and mood disorders. Abstracts and full-text articles were dual-screened based on predefined eligibility criteria. A total of 30 primary research publications were included in the EGM. About 47% of included studies focused on late adolescents (15-19 y), ∼40% on early adolescents (10-14 y), and ∼13% on children aged 6-9 y. Among the included studies, 8 studies examined a single micronutrient intervention and 22 studies examined micronutrient concentrations (either intake or serum), and their impact on depression. The most frequently studied micronutrients were vitamin D (n = 8), zinc (n = 8), iron (n = 6), folate (n = 7), and vitamin B-12 (n = 5). More longitudinal studies and trials are needed to determine the role of micronutrients in the etiology and treatment of depression among children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan C Campisi
- Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Clare Zasowski
- School of Nutrition, Ryerson University, Faculty of Community Service, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shailja Shah
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto, Canada
| | - Ashka Shah
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Daphne J Korczak
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada
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24
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Kuygun Karcı C, Gül Celik G. Nutritional and herbal supplements in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder. Gen Psychiatr 2020; 33:e100159. [PMID: 32215361 PMCID: PMC7066598 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2019-100159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a neuropsychiatric disorder that is characterised by obsessions and compulsions. The recommended treatments for OCD are cognitive– behavioural therapy using exposure and response prevention and/or pharmacotherapy. On the other hand, some nutritional and herbal supplements may be effective in the treatment of OCD. Nutritional and herbal supplements in OCD treatment will be reviewed in this paper. PubMed (Medline), Cochrane Library and Google Scholar databases were reviewed for the topic. There are some supplements that have been researched in OCD treatment studies such as vitamin D, vitamin B12, folic acid, homocysteine, trace elements, N-acetyl cysteine, glycine, myoinositol, St John’s wort, milk thistle, valerian root, curcumin and borage. The effectiveness of herbal and nutritional supplements in the treatment of OCD should be supported with more conclusive evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Kuygun Karcı
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Dr. Ekrem Tok Psychiatry Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Gonca Gül Celik
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cukurova University Medical Faculty, Adana, Turkey
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25
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Titus-Lay E, Eid TJ, Kreys TJ, Chu BXJ, Malhotra A. Trichotillomania associated with a 25-hydroxy vitamin D deficiency: A case report. Ment Health Clin 2020; 10:38-43. [PMID: 31942278 PMCID: PMC6956975 DOI: 10.9740/mhc.2020.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency has been correlated with non-scarring alopecia including alopecia areata or female pattern hair loss. It was theorized that hair loss secondary to vitamin D deficiency in patients susceptible to trichotillomania may exacerbate this obsessive-compulsive disorder. Though vitamin D deficiency is common, especially among patients suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders, its correlation with trichotillomania is not well reported. Two female patients suffering from trichotillomania defined by noticeable hair loss on the scalp through the Massachusetts General Hospital Hair Pulling Scale were treated to promote hair growth. Treatment included dietary supplementation with vitamin D3 1000 IU every day. It was found that in both patients treated with vitamin D3, marked improvements occurred over the span of 3 to 4 months. These included a reduction in obsessive compulsive disorder related hair loss as measured using the Massachusetts General Hospital Hair Pulling Scale, which correlated to their serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. Experimental and clinical evidence is available to explain the underlying physiology and its probable relationship to trichotillomania's pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Titus-Lay
- Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, California
| | - Tony Joseph Eid
- Assistant Professor of Clinical and Administrative Sciences, Director of Experiential Education, Pharmacist Clinician, Beale Air Force Base 9th Medical Group, Department of Experiential Education, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, California
| | - Tiffany-Jade Kreys
- Assistant Dean of Student Affairs and Admissions, Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, California
| | - Bo Xuan Joshua Chu
- Student, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, California
| | - Ashim Malhotra
- Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, California.,Assistant Professor of Clinical and Administrative Sciences, Director of Experiential Education, Pharmacist Clinician, Beale Air Force Base 9th Medical Group, Department of Experiential Education, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, California.,Assistant Dean of Student Affairs and Admissions, Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, California.,Student, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, California
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26
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Fontenelle LF, Zeni-Graiff M, Quintas JN, Yücel M. Is There A Role For Lifestyle Interventions In Obsessive-Compulsive And Related Disorders? Curr Med Chem 2019; 25:5698-5711. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180104150854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Many of the currently available treatments for obsessive-compulsive and related
disorders (OCRDs) such as pharmacotherapy augmentation strategies, partial hospitalization
programs, deep brain stimulation, and neurosurgery are efficacious for individuals
suffering from more severe forms of these conditions. Unfortunately, the application
of these treatments in milder forms of illness and subclinical samples, which affect a
substantial portion of the population, is not justifiable by their costs (e.g. cognitivebehavioral
therapy) and/or potential for side effects (serotonin-reuptake inhibitors associated
sexual side effects). As such, there is an urgent need to develop simple yet effective
treatments, such as modifiable lifestyle interventions, that can be employed on a broader
scale. Here, we review the current state of evidence that supports or refutes the efficacy of
lifestyle approaches for OCRDs. We focus on dimensions of lifestyle that are deemed important
for cardiovascular diseases; namely, physical activity, stress, sleep, diet and eating
behaviors, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Despite the relative scarcity of welldesigned
randomized controlled trials targeting unhealthy life styles in OCRDs, we found
meditation-based therapies and interventions focusing on eliminating sedentarism to be
promising approaches. In the future, these strategies may represent valid alternative for
subjects with subthreshold symptoms or at risk for OCRDs or other “compulsive” disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo F. Fontenelle
- Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program. Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maiara Zeni-Graiff
- Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program. Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julliana N. Quintas
- Obsessive, Compulsive, and Anxiety Spectrum Research Program. Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Murat Yücel
- Brain & Mental Health Laboratory, Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences and School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
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27
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di Michele F. Vitamin D supplementation in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res 2018; 270:1174. [PMID: 30177398 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia di Michele
- Psychiatric Clinic, PTV Foundation- Policlinico Tor Vergata, Via Oxford, 81-00133, Rome, Italy.
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28
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Zamanian-Azodi M, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Mahboubi M, Hamidpour M, Rezaei Tavirani M, Hamdieh M, Rostami-Nejad M, Nejadi N, Derakhshan MK. Serum Proteomic Study of Women With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Washing Subtype. Basic Clin Neurosci 2018; 9:337-346. [PMID: 30719248 PMCID: PMC6360490 DOI: 10.32598/bcn.9.5.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Many genetic studies are conducted on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). however, a high-throughput examination of proteome profile of this severe disease has not been performed yet. Methods Here, the proteomic study of OCD patients' serum samples was conducted by the application of Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis (2DE) followed by Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-TOF). Results A total of 240 protein spots were detected and among them, five significant differentially expressed protein spots with the fold change of ≥1.5 were considered for further evaluations. These proteins include IGKC, GC, HPX, and two isoforms of HP. While IGKC and HP show down-regulation, GC and HPX indicate up-regulation. Moreover, a validation study of overall HP levels in patients' serum via nephelometric quantification confirmed the lower levels of this protein in the serum of OCD patients. Additionally, enrichment analysis and validation test revealed that inflammation is one of most dominant processes in OCD. Conclusion It is suggested that these candidate proteins and their underlying processes (especially, inflammation) may be linked to OCD pathophysiology and can promise a clinical use after extensive validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Zamanian-Azodi
- National Elites Foundation, Tehran, Iran.,Proteomics Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahboubi
- Department of Public Health, School of Medical Sciences, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Hamidpour
- Proteomics Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Rezaei Tavirani
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Hamdieh
- Department of Psychosomatic, Taleghani Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rostami-Nejad
- Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naser Nejadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamran Derakhshan
- Department of Psychosomatic, Taleghani Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Patil S, Joglekar C, Desai M, Yadav A, Sonawane S, Chavan R, Mohite R. Nutritional Status and Psychological Impairment in Rural Adolescent Girls: Pilot Data From "KOKAN" Region of Western India. Front Public Health 2018; 6:160. [PMID: 29977886 PMCID: PMC6021506 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adolescence is a period during which psychological foundations are laid down as well as consolidated. Not much information is available on rural Indian adolescent girls and their psychological health. Methods: We did a pilot survey of psychological health of 80 adolescent girls residing at KOKAN region of western India. Psychological health was evaluated using Youth Paediatric Symptom Checklist (Y-PSC) consisting of 35 items with maximum score of 70. Girls with a score >30 were classified as psychologically impaired. In addition we also collected random blood sample and measured the micronutrients. Macronutrient intake was estimated by 24 h recall. Results: The mean age of the girls was 14 years with a standard deviation of 1.5. In all 35/76 (46.1%) could be classified as psychologically impaired. There was a high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies with varying degrees. More than 65% were deficient in calcium, zinc and folic acid. About 22% were anemic and 36% were vitamin B1 deficient. More than 75% had a low recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of macronutrients. Those with poor serum calcium concentration had higher psychological score (p < 0.05). Fat and calcium intakes were inversely associated with psychological score (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001 respectively). Odds ratios for psychological impairment were significant for those with low calcium levels [1.47 (95% CI 1.21, 4.31)], and for those with low calcium intake 1.43 (1.08, 3.19) and low iron intake 3.04 (1.02, 9.26). Conclusion: Our pilot data has shown the urgent need to improve the nutrition of adolescent girls, which could improve their psychological health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvarna Patil
- Department of Medicine, Regional Centre for Adolescent Health and Nutrition, BKL Walawalkar Rural Medical College Chiplun, India
| | - Charudatta Joglekar
- Statistics Unit, Regional Centre for Adolescent Health and Nutrition, BKL Walawalkar Rural Medical College Chiplun, India
| | - Maruti Desai
- Statistics Unit, Regional Centre for Adolescent Health and Nutrition, BKL Walawalkar Rural Medical College Chiplun, India
| | - Arvind Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Regional Centre for Adolescent Health and Nutrition, BKL Walawalkar Rural Medical College Chiplun, India
| | - Swati Sonawane
- Department of Psychiatry, Regional Centre for Adolescent Health and Nutrition, BKL Walawalkar Rural Medical College Chiplun, India
| | - Rupali Chavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Regional Centre for Adolescent Health and Nutrition, BKL Walawalkar Rural Medical College Chiplun, India
| | - Rachana Mohite
- Department of Dietetics, Regional Centre for Adolescent Health and Nutrition, BKL Walawalkar Rural Medical College Chiplun, India
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30
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Yazici KU, Percinel Yazici I, Ustundag B. Vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder. Nord J Psychiatry 2018; 72:173-178. [PMID: 29168423 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2017.1406985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies showed that vitamin D deficiency may lead to dysfunctional changes in the brain and may be associated with neuropsychiatric diseases. AIMS The present study aims to investigate vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels in children and adolescents diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and compared them to healthy controls. Additionally, the correlation of OCD symptom severity with serum vitamin D level will be analyzed. METHODS A semi-structured interview form (K-SADS-PL) was used to diagnose OCD and other comorbidities in accordance with DSM-IV criteria. In addition, all participants were assessed with clinical interviews based on DSM-5 OCD diagnostic criteria. Children's Yale Brown Obsession Compulsion Scale (CY-BOCS) and Children's Depression Inventory were used in the clinical evaluation. RESULTS Vitamin D levels were lower in patients diagnosed with OCD (15.88 ± 6.96 ng/mL) when compared to healthy controls (18.21 ± 13.24 ng/mL), but the difference was not statistically significant (p = .234). Serum calcium, serum phosphate and serum alkaline phosphatase levels were not different between the groups. A negative correlation was found between serum 25OH-D3 levels and obsession scale scores in CY-BOCS. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge this is the first study that evaluated vitamin D levels in OCD patients without comorbidity. The vitamin D levels of newly diagnosed OCD cases were lower but not statistically different than healthy controls. Furthermore, the study does also not support the presence of a significant association between serum vitamin D levels and OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Utku Yazici
- a Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Firat University Medical Faculty , Elazig , Turkey
| | - Ipek Percinel Yazici
- a Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Firat University Medical Faculty , Elazig , Turkey
| | - Bilal Ustundag
- b Department of Biochemistry , Firat University Medical Faculty , Elazig , Turkey
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31
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Calik M, Aktas MS, Cecen E, Piskin IE, Ayaydın H, Ornek Z, Karaca M, Solmaz A, Ay H. The association between serum vitamin B12 deficiency and tension-type headache in Turkish children. Neurol Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-018-3286-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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32
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O'Connell KS, McGregor NW, Lochner C, Emsley R, Warnich L. The genetic architecture of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder and autism spectrum disorder. Mol Cell Neurosci 2018; 88:300-307. [PMID: 29505902 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable evidence suggests that autism spectrum disorders (ASD), schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) share a common molecular aetiology, despite their unique clinical diagnostic criteria. The aim of this study was therefore to determine and characterise the common and unique molecular architecture of ASD, SCZ, BD and OCD. Gene lists were obtained from previously published studies for ASD, BD, SCZ and for OCD. Genes identified to be common to all disorders, or unique to one specific disorder, were included for enrichment analyses using the web-server tool Enrichr. Ten genes were identified to be commonly associated with the aetiology of ASD, SCZ, BD and OCD. Enrichment analyses determined that these genes are predominantly involved in the dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways, the voltage-gated calcium ion channel gene network, folate metabolism, regulation of the hippo signaling pathway, and the regulation of gene silencing and expression. In addition to well-characterised and previously described pathways, regulation of the hippo signaling pathway was commonly associated with ASD, SCZ, BD and OCD, implicating neural development and neuronal maintenance as key in neuropsychiatric disorders. In contrast, a large number of previously associated genes were shown to be disorder-specific. And unique disorder-specific pathways and biological processes were presented for ASD, BD, SCZ and OCD aetiology. Considering the current global incidence and prevalence rates of mental health disorders, focus should be placed on cross-disorder commonalities in order to realise actionable and translatable results to combat mental health disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S O'Connell
- System Genetics Working Group, Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Nathaniel W McGregor
- System Genetics Working Group, Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - Christine Lochner
- SU/UCT MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Robin Emsley
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Louise Warnich
- Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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