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Mort EJ, Heritage S, Jones S, Fowden AL, Camm EJ. Sex-Specific Effects of a Maternal Obesogenic Diet High in Fat and Sugar on Offspring Adiposity, Growth, and Behavior. Nutrients 2023; 15:4594. [PMID: 37960247 PMCID: PMC10648016 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
With rising rates of human obesity, this study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal diet-induced obesity, offspring morphometrics, and behavior in mice. Pregnant and lactating female mice fed a diet high in fat and sugar (HFHS) commonly consumed by human populations showed decreased food, calorie, and protein intake but increased adiposity at the expense of lean mass. The pre-weaning body weight of the HFHS offspring was reduced for the first postnatal week but not thereafter, with HFHS female offspring having higher body weights by weaning due to continuing higher fractional growth rates. Post-weaning, there were minor differences in offspring food and protein intake. Maternal diet, however, affected fractional growth rate and total body fat content of male but not female HFHS offspring. The maternal diet did not affect the offspring's locomotor activity or social behavior in either sex. Both the male and female HFHS offspring displayed reduced anxiety-related behaviors, with sex differences in particular aspects of the elevated plus maze task. In the novel object recognition task, performance was impaired in the male but not female HFHS offspring. Collectively, the findings demonstrate that maternal obesity alters the growth, adiposity, and behavior of male and female offspring, with sex-specific differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J. Mort
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Sophie Heritage
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Susan Jones
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Abigail L. Fowden
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Emily J. Camm
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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2
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Farber C, Renteria K, Ritter J, Muraida JD, Rivers C, McKenzie A, Zhu J, Koh GY, Lane MA. Comparison of maternal versus postweaning ingestion of a high fat, high sucrose diet on depression-related behavior, novelty reactivity, and corticosterone levels in young, adult rat offspring. Behav Brain Res 2023; 455:114677. [PMID: 37734488 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of a Western-type diet, high in fat and sugar, by mothers as well as maternal weight gain and obesity during gestation and lactation may impact offspring risk for mood and cognitive disorders. The objective of this study was to determine if ingestion of a high fat, high sucrose (HFS) diet by rat dams during gestation and lactation or by their pups after weaning impacted these behaviors and stress responsivity in young, adult offspring. To accomplish this, dams consumed either a 45% fat/high sucrose (HFS) diet or the AIN93G control diet during gestation and lactation. At weaning, pups from dams that consumed the HFS diet were weaned to the control diet. Pups from dams assigned to the control diet were weaned to either the control or HFS diet. Pup behavioral testing began at 10 weeks of age. Pups whose dams consumed the HFS diet during gestation and lactation exhibited increased depression-related behavior and baseline serum corticosterone levels, but no difference in peak levels in response to stress. Male pups of these dams displayed increased working memory during acquisition of the holeboard task and tended to exhibit more anxiety-related behavior in the elevated O-maze test. Regardless of when consumed, the HFS diet increased novelty reactivity in the open field test. These data indicate that diet but not maternal weight gain during gestation impacts offspring behavior and elevates stress hormone levels. Also, regardless of when consumed, the HFS diet increases novelty reactivity, a risk factor for depression and addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Farber
- Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX 78666, United States
| | - Karisa Renteria
- Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX 78666, United States
| | - Jordan Ritter
- Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX 78666, United States
| | - J D Muraida
- Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX 78666, United States
| | - Carley Rivers
- Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX 78666, United States
| | - Avery McKenzie
- Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX 78666, United States
| | - Jie Zhu
- Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX 78666, United States
| | - Gar Yee Koh
- Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX 78666, United States
| | - Michelle A Lane
- Nutrition and Foods Program, School of Family and Consumer Sciences, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX 78666, United States.
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Carson KE, Alvarez J, Mackley J, Travagli RA, Browning KN. Perinatal high-fat diet exposure alters oxytocin and corticotropin releasing factor inputs onto vagal neurocircuits controlling gastric motility. J Physiol 2023; 601:2853-2875. [PMID: 37154244 PMCID: PMC10524104 DOI: 10.1113/jp284726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Perinatal high-fat diet (pHFD) exposure alters the development of vagal neurocircuits that control gastrointestinal (GI) motility and reduce stress resiliency in offspring. Descending oxytocin (OXT; prototypical anti-stress peptide) and corticotropin releasing factor (CRF; prototypical stress peptide) inputs from the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus to the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMV) modulate the GI stress response. How these descending inputs, and their associated changes to GI motility and stress responses, are altered following pHFD exposure are, however, unknown. The present study used retrograde neuronal tracing experiments, cerebrospinal fluid extraction, in vivo recordings of gastric tone, motility and gastric emptying rates, and in vitro electrophysiological recordings from brainstem slice preparations to investigate the hypothesis that pHFD alters descending PVN-DMV inputs and dysregulates vagal brain-gut responses to stress. Compared to controls, rats exposed to pHFD had slower gastric emptying rates and did not respond to acute stress with the expected delay in gastric emptying. Neuronal tracing experiments demonstrated that pHFD reduced the number of PVNOXT neurons that project to the DMV, but increased PVNCRF neurons. Both in vitro electrophysiology recordings of DMV neurons and in vivo recordings of gastric motility and tone demonstrated that, following pHFD, PVNCRF -DMV projections were tonically active, and that pharmacological antagonism of brainstem CRF1 receptors restored the appropriate gastric response to brainstem OXT application. These results suggest that pHFD exposure disrupts descending PVN-DMV inputs, leading to a dysregulated vagal brain-gut response to stress. KEY POINTS: Maternal high-fat diet exposure is associated with gastric dysregulation and stress sensitivity in offspring. The present study demonstrates that perinatal high-fat diet exposure downregulates hypothalamic-vagal oxytocin (OXT) inputs but upregulates hypothalamic-vagal corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) inputs. Both in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that, following perinatal high-fat diet, CRF receptors were tonically active at NTS-DMV synapses, and that pharmacological antagonism of these receptors restored the appropriate gastric response to OXT. The current study suggests that perinatal high-fat diet exposure disrupts descending PVN-DMV inputs, leading to a dysregulated vagal brain-gut response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin E. Carson
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA
| | - Jared Alvarez
- Barrett Honors College, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ
| | - Jasmine Mackley
- Schreyer Honors College, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA
| | | | - Kirsteen N. Browning
- Address for correspondence: Kirsteen N. Browning, PhD, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, MC H109, Hershey, PA, 17033;
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4
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Wijenayake S, Martz J, Lapp HE, Storm JA, Champagne FA, Kentner AC. The contributions of parental lactation on offspring development: It's not udder nonsense! Horm Behav 2023; 153:105375. [PMID: 37269591 PMCID: PMC10351876 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2023.105375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis describes how maternal stress exposures experienced during critical periods of perinatal life are linked to altered developmental trajectories in offspring. Perinatal stress also induces changes in lactogenesis, milk volume, maternal care, and the nutritive and non-nutritive components of milk, affecting short and long-term developmental outcomes in offspring. For instance, selective early life stressors shape the contents of milk, including macro/micronutrients, immune components, microbiota, enzymes, hormones, milk-derived extracellular vesicles, and milk microRNAs. In this review, we highlight the contributions of parental lactation to offspring development by examining changes in the composition of breast milk in response to three well-characterized maternal stressors: nutritive stress, immune stress, and psychological stress. We discuss recent findings in human, animal, and in vitro models, their clinical relevance, study limitations, and potential therapeutic significance to improving human health and infant survival. We also discuss the benefits of enrichment methods and support tools that can be used to improve milk quality and volume as well as related developmental outcomes in offspring. Lastly, we use evidence-based primary literature to convey that even though select maternal stressors may modulate lactation biology (by influencing milk composition) depending on the severity and length of exposure, exclusive and/or prolonged milk feeding may attenuate the negative in utero effects of early life stressors and promote healthy developmental trajectories. Overall, scientific evidence supports lactation to be protective against nutritive and immune stressors, but the benefits of lactation in response to psychological stressors need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanoji Wijenayake
- Department of Biology, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| | - Julia Martz
- School of Arts & Sciences, Health Psychology Program, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hannah E Lapp
- Deparment of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jasmyne A Storm
- Department of Biology, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Amanda C Kentner
- School of Arts & Sciences, Health Psychology Program, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA.
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5
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Radford-Smith DE, Anthony DC. Mechanisms of Maternal Diet-Induced Obesity Affecting the Offspring Brain and Development of Affective Disorders. Metabolites 2023; 13:455. [PMID: 36984895 PMCID: PMC10053489 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression and metabolic disease are common disorders that share a bidirectional relationship and continue to increase in prevalence. Maternal diet and maternal behaviour both profoundly influence the developmental trajectory of offspring during the perinatal period. At an epidemiological level, both maternal depression and obesity during pregnancy have been shown to increase the risk of neuropsychiatric disease in the subsequent generation. Considerable progress has been made to understand the mechanisms by which maternal obesity disrupts the developing offspring gut-brain axis, priming offspring for the development of affective disorders. This review outlines such mechanisms in detail, including altered maternal care, the maternal microbiome, inflammation, breast milk composition, and maternal and placental metabolites. Subsequently, offspring may be prone to developing gut-brain interaction disorders with concomitant changes to brain energy metabolism, neurotransmission, and behaviour, alongside gut dysbiosis. The gut microbiome may act as a key modifiable, and therefore treatable, feature of the relationship between maternal obesity and the offspring brain function. Further studies examining the relationship between maternal nutrition, the maternal microbiome and metabolites, and offspring neurodevelopment are warranted to identify novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E. Radford-Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Warneford Lane, Oxford OX37JX, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX13TA, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX13QT, UK
| | - Daniel C. Anthony
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX13QT, UK
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6
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Tüfekci KK, Bakirhan EG, Terzi F. A Maternal High-Fat Diet Causes Anxiety-Related Behaviors by Altering Neuropeptide Y1 Receptor and Hippocampal Volumes in Rat Offspring: the Potential Effect of N-Acetylcysteine. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1499-1514. [PMID: 36502431 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The children of obese mothers are known to have a high risk of obesity and metabolic disease and are prone to developing cognitive deficits, although the underlying mechanism is not yet fully understood. This study investigated the relationship between neuropeptide Y1 receptor (NPY1R) and anxiety-like behaviors in the hippocampi of male rat offspring exposed to maternal obesity and the potential neuroprotective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC). A maternal obesity model was created using a high-fat (60% k/cal) diet. NAC (150 mg/kg) was administered by intragastric gavage for 25 days in both the NAC and obesity + NAC (ObNAC) groups. All male rat offspring were subjected to behavioral testing on postnatal day 28, the end of the experiment. Stereological analysis was performed on hippocampal sections, while NPY1R expression was determined using immunohistochemical methods. Stereological data indicated significant decreases in the total volume of the hippocampus and CA1 and dentate gyrus (DG) regions in the obese (Ob) group (p < 0.01). Decreased NPY1R expression was observed in the Ob group hippocampus (p < 0.01). At behavioral assessments, the Ob group rats exhibited increased anxiety and less social interaction, although the ObNAC group rats exhibited stronger responses than the Ob group (p < 0.01). The study results show that NAC attenuated anxiety-like behaviors and NPY1R expression and also protected hippocampal volume against maternal obesity. The findings indicate that a decrease in NPY1R-positive neurons in the hippocampus of male rats due to maternal conditions may be associated with increased levels of anxiety and a lower hippocampal volume. Additionally, although there is no direct evidence, maintenance of NPY1R expression by NAC may be critical for regulating maternal obesity-induced anxiety-related behaviors and hippocampal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kıymet Kübra Tüfekci
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | - Elfide Gizem Bakirhan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Funda Terzi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
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7
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Mitchell AJ, Khambadkone SG, Dunn G, Bagley J, Tamashiro KLK, Fair D, Gustafsson H, Sullivan EL. Maternal Western-style diet reduces social engagement and increases idiosyncratic behavior in Japanese macaque offspring. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 105:109-121. [PMID: 35809877 PMCID: PMC9987715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence in humans and animals indicates an association between maternal obesity and offspring behavioral outcomes. In humans, increased maternal body mass index has been linked to an increased risk of children receiving a diagnosis of early-emerging neurodevelopmental disorders such as Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, a limited number of preclinical studies have examined associations between maternal Western-Style Diet (mWSD) exposure and offspring social behavior. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate relationships between mWSD exposure and social behavior in non-human primates. Since aberrant social behavior is a diagnostic criterion for several neurodevelopmental disorders, the current study focuses on examining the influence of maternal nutrition and metabolic state on offspring social behavior in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata). We found that mWSD offspring initiated less affiliative social behaviors as well as proximity to a peer. Using path analysis, we found that the association between mWSD consumption and reduced offspring social engagement was statistically mediated by increased maternal interleukin (IL)-12 during the third trimester of pregnancy. Additionally, mWSD offspring displayed increased idiosyncratic behavior, which was related to alterations in maternal adiposity and leptin in the third trimester. Together, these results suggest that NHP offspring exposed to mWSD exhibit behavioral phenotypes similar to what is described in some early-emerging neurodevelopmental disorders. These results provide evidence that mWSD exposure during gestation may be linked to increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders and provides targets for prevention and intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Mitchell
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Division of Neuroscience, Beaverton, OR, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Seva G Khambadkone
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Geoffrey Dunn
- University of Oregon, Department of Human Physiology, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Jennifer Bagley
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Division of Neuroscience, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Kellie L K Tamashiro
- Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Damien Fair
- University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Masonic Institute of Child Development, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hanna Gustafsson
- Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Psychiatry, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Elinor L Sullivan
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Division of Neuroscience, Beaverton, OR, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Portland, OR, USA; University of Oregon, Department of Human Physiology, Eugene, OR, USA; Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Psychiatry, Portland, OR, USA.
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8
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Mitchell AJ, Dunn GA, Sullivan EL. The Influence of Maternal Metabolic State and Nutrition on Offspring Neurobehavioral Development: A Focus on Preclinical Models. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022; 7:450-460. [PMID: 34915175 PMCID: PMC9086110 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of both obesity and neurodevelopmental disorders has increased substantially over the last several decades. Early environmental factors, including maternal nutrition and metabolic state during gestation, influence offspring neurodevelopment. Both human and preclinical models demonstrate a link between poor maternal nutrition, altered metabolic state, and risk of behavioral abnormalities in offspring. This review aims to highlight evidence from the current literature connecting maternal nutrition and the associated metabolic changes with neural and behavioral outcomes in the offspring, as well as identify possible mechanisms underlying these neurodevelopmental outcomes. Owing to the highly correlated nature of poor nutrition and obesity in humans, preclinical animal models are important in distinguishing the unique effects of maternal nutrition and metabolic state on offspring brain development. We use a translational lens to highlight results from preclinical animal models of maternal obesogenic diet related to alterations in behavioral and neurodevelopmental outcomes in offspring. Specifically, we aim to highlight results that resemble behavioral phenotypes described in the diagnostic criteria of neurodevelopmental conditions in humans. Finally, we examine the proinflammatory nature of maternal obesity and consumption of a high-fat diet as a mechanism for neurodevelopmental alterations that may alter offspring behavior later in life. It is important that future studies examine potential therapeutic interventions and prevention strategies to interrupt the transgenerational transmission of the disease. Given the tremendous risk to the next generation, changes need to be made to ensure that all pregnant people have access to nutritious food and are informed about the optimal diet for their developing child.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Mitchell
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; Department of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon
| | - Geoffrey A Dunn
- Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
| | - Elinor L Sullivan
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; Department of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon; Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon.
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9
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Combined exposure to maternal high-fat diet and neonatal lipopolysaccharide disrupts stress-related signaling but normalizes spatial memory in juvenile rats. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 102:299-311. [PMID: 35259428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Both neonatal infections and exposure to maternal obesity are inflammatory stressors in early life linked to increased rates of psychopathologies related to mood and cognition. Epidemiological studies indicate that neonates born to mothers with obesity have a higher likelihood of developing neonatal infections, however effects on offspring physiology and behavior resulting from the combination of these stressors have yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to explore immediate and persistent phenotypes resulting from neonatal lipopolysaccharide (nLPS) administration in rat offspring born to dams consuming a high-fat diet (HFD). Neural transcript abundance of genes involved with stress regulation and spatial memory were examined alongside related behaviors. At the juvenile age point, unlike offspring exposed to maternal HFD (mHFD) or nLPS alone, offspring with combined exposure to mHFD + nLPS displayed altered transcript abundances of stress-related genes in the ventral hippocampus (HPC) in a manner conducive to potentiating stress responses. For memory-related phenotypes, juveniles exposed to mHFD + nLPS exhibited normalized spatial memory and levels of memory-related gene expression in the dorsal HPC similar to control diet offspring, while control diet + nLPS, and mHFD offspring exhibited reduced levels of memory-related gene expression and impaired spatial memory. These findings suggest that dual exposure to unique inflammatory stressors in early life can disrupt neural stress regulation but normalize spatial memory processes.
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Non-nutritive bioactive components in maternal milk and offspring development: a scoping review. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2022; 13:665-673. [PMID: 35387707 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174422000149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Lactation is a critical time in mammalian development, where maternal factors shape offspring outcomes. In this scoping review, we discuss current literature concerning maternal factors that influence lactation biology and highlight important associations between changes in milk composition and offspring outcomes. Specifically, we explore maternal nutritional, psychosocial, and environmental exposures that influence non-nutritive bioactive components in milk and their links to offspring growth, development, metabolic, and behavioral outcomes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Predetermined eligibility criteria were used to analyze 3,275 papers, and the final review included 40 primary research articles. Outcomes of this review identify maternal obesity to be a leading maternal factor influencing the non-nutritive bioactive composition of milk with notable links to offspring outcomes. Offspring growth and development are the most common modes of programming associated with changes in non-nutritive milk composition due to maternal factors in early life. In addition to discussing studies investigating these key associations, we also identify knowledge gaps in the current literature and suggest opportunities and considerations for future studies.
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11
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Monteiro S, Nejad YS, Aucoin M. Perinatal diet and offspring anxiety: A scoping review. Transl Neurosci 2022; 13:275-290. [PMID: 36128579 PMCID: PMC9449687 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2022-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Health behaviors during pregnancy have an impact on the developing offspring. Dietary factors play a role in the development of mental illness: however, less is known about the impact of diet factors during pre-conception, gestation, and lactation on anxiety levels in offspring. This scoping review sought to systematically map the available research involving human and animal subjects to identify nutritional interventions which may have a harmful or protective effect, as well as identify gaps. Studies investigating an association between any perinatal diet pattern or diet constituent and offspring anxiety were included. The number of studies reporting an association with increased or decreased levels of anxiety were counted and presented in figures. A total of 55,914 results were identified as part of a larger scoping review, and 120 articles met the criteria for inclusion. A greater intake of phytochemicals and vitamins were associated with decreased offspring anxiety whereas maternal caloric restriction, protein restriction, reduced omega-3 consumption, and exposure to a high fat diet were associated with higher levels of offspring anxiety. Results were limited by a very large proportion of animal studies. High quality intervention studies involving human subjects are warranted to elucidate the precise dietary factors or constituents that modulate the risk of anxiety in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Monteiro
- Department of Research and Clinical Epidemiology, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 1255 Sheppard Ave E, Toronto, ON, M2K 1E2, Canada
| | - Yousef Sadat Nejad
- Department of Research and Clinical Epidemiology, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 1255 Sheppard Ave E, Toronto, ON, M2K 1E2, Canada
| | - Monique Aucoin
- Department of Research and Clinical Epidemiology, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, 1255 Sheppard Ave E, Toronto, ON, M2K 1E2, Canada
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12
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Grzęda E, Matuszewska J, Ziarniak K, Gertig-Kolasa A, Krzyśko- Pieczka I, Skowrońska B, Sliwowska JH. Animal Foetal Models of Obesity and Diabetes - From Laboratory to Clinical Settings. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:785674. [PMID: 35197931 PMCID: PMC8858803 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.785674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The prenatal period, during which a fully formed newborn capable of surviving outside its mother's body is built from a single cell, is critical for human development. It is also the time when the foetus is particularly vulnerable to environmental factors, which may modulate the course of its development. Both epidemiological and animal studies have shown that foetal programming of physiological systems may alter the growth and function of organs and lead to pathology in adulthood. Nutrition is a particularly important environmental factor for the pregnant mother as it affects the condition of offspring. Numerous studies have shown that an unbalanced maternal metabolic status (under- or overnutrition) may cause long-lasting physiological and behavioural alterations, resulting in metabolic disorders, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Various diets are used in laboratory settings in order to induce maternal obesity and metabolic disorders, and to alter the offspring development. The most popular models are: high-fat, high-sugar, high-fat-high-sugar, and cafeteria diets. Maternal undernutrition models are also used, which results in metabolic problems in offspring. Similarly to animal data, human studies have shown the influence of mothers' diets on the development of children. There is a strong link between the maternal diet and the birth weight, metabolic state, changes in the cardiovascular and central nervous system of the offspring. The mechanisms linking impaired foetal development and adult diseases remain under discussion. Epigenetic mechanisms are believed to play a major role in prenatal programming. Additionally, sexually dimorphic effects on offspring are observed. Therefore, further research on both sexes is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Grzęda
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Julia Matuszewska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Kamil Ziarniak
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- Molecular and Cell Biology Unit, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Gertig-Kolasa
- Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Obesity, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Izabela Krzyśko- Pieczka
- Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Obesity, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Bogda Skowrońska
- Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Obesity, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna H. Sliwowska
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- *Correspondence: Joanna H. Sliwowska,
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13
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Maternal effects in mammals: Broadening our understanding of offspring programming. Front Neuroendocrinol 2021; 62:100924. [PMID: 33992652 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The perinatal period is a sensitive time in mammalian development that can have long-lasting consequences on offspring phenotype via maternal effects. Maternal effects have been most intensively studied with respect to two major conditions: maternal diet and maternal stress. In this review, we shift the focus by discussing five major additional maternal cues and their influence on offspring phenotype: maternal androgen levels, photoperiod (melatonin), microbiome, immune regulation, and milk composition. We present the key findings for each of these topics in mammals, their mechanisms of action, and how they interact with each other and with the maternal influences of diet and stress. We explore their impacts in the contexts of both predictive adaptive responses and the developmental origins of disease, identify knowledge gaps and research opportunities in the field, and place a particular emphasis on the application and consideration of these effects in non-model species and natural ecological systems.
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14
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da Silva LO, da Silva Aragão R, Duarte Barros MDL, Nogueira Ferraz-Pereira K, Lins Pinheiro I, Galindo LCM. Maternal exposure to high-fat diet modifies anxiety-like/depression-like behaviors and compounds of Serotonergic System in offspring: A preclinical systematic review. Int J Dev Neurosci 2021; 81:371-385. [PMID: 33788300 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal nutrition affects offspring physiology and behavior including susceptibility to mental health-related states. Perinatal high-fat diet (HFD) consumption has been associated with lower levels of serotonin as well as the development of anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors in offspring. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effects of maternal HFD during pregnancy and/or lactation on these behaviors and on some aspects of the serotonergic system. Criteria for eligibility included studies of offspring of rodents and non-human primates exposed to HFD at least during pregnancy and/or lactation, offspring that showed outcomes related to anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors and to the serotonergic system. The searches were realized in the LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases. The systematic review protocol was registered on the CAMARADES website. The internal validity was assessed by the SYRCLE risk of bias tool. The Kappa index was used for analyzing agreement among the reviewers. In addition, the PRISMA statement was used to report this systematic review. Sixteen articles were included in this review. Most of which studied HFD prior to mating and during pregnancy and lactation. All studies analyzed outcomes related to emotional behavior; three analyzed outcomes related to serotonin system compounds. Maternal consumption of HFD was found to be associated with an inconsistent pattern of the expression of TPH2 as well as reduced the immunoreactivity of 5-HT in the prefrontal cortex and increased 5-HT1A receptor expression in the dorsal raphe of offspring. An association between an HFD and alterations in emotional behavior was found in most of the studies selected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Olegário da Silva
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - Raquel da Silva Aragão
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Physical Education and Sport Sciences Nucleus, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil.,Unity of Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Kelli Nogueira Ferraz-Pereira
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil.,Unity of Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Isabeli Lins Pinheiro
- Physical Education and Sport Sciences Nucleus, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil.,Unity of Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Lígia Cristina Monteiro Galindo
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Brazil.,Unity of Studies in Nutrition and Phenotypic Plasticity, Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Departament of Anatomy, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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15
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Davis J, Mire E. Maternal obesity and developmental programming of neuropsychiatric disorders: An inflammatory hypothesis. Brain Neurosci Adv 2021; 5:23982128211003484. [PMID: 33889757 PMCID: PMC8040564 DOI: 10.1177/23982128211003484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity is associated with the development of a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders; however, the mechanisms behind this association are not fully understood. Comparison between maternal immune activation and maternal obesity reveals similarities in associated impairments and maternal cytokine profile. Here, we present a summary of recent evidence describing how inflammatory processes contribute towards the development of neuropsychiatric disorders in the offspring of obese mothers. This includes discussion on how maternal cytokine levels, fatty acids and placental inflammation may interact with foetal neurodevelopment through changes to microglial behaviour and epigenetic modification. We also propose an exosome-mediated mechanism for the disruption of brain development under maternal obesity and discuss potential intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Davis
- Hodge Centre for Neuropsychiatric Immunology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Erik Mire
- Hodge Centre for Neuropsychiatric Immunology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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16
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Mechanisms Underlying the Cognitive and Behavioural Effects of Maternal Obesity. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010240. [PMID: 33467657 PMCID: PMC7829712 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The widespread consumption of 'western'-style diets along with sedentary lifestyles has led to a global epidemic of obesity. Epidemiological, clinical and preclinical evidence suggests that maternal obesity, overnutrition and unhealthy dietary patterns programs have lasting adverse effects on the physical and mental health of offspring. We review currently available preclinical and clinical evidence and summarise possible underlying neurobiological mechanisms by which maternal overnutrition may perturb offspring cognitive function, affective state and psychosocial behaviour, with a focus on (1) neuroinflammation; (2) disrupted neuronal circuities and connectivity; and (3) dysregulated brain hormones. We briefly summarise research implicating the gut microbiota in maternal obesity-induced changes to offspring behaviour. In animal models, maternal obesogenic diet consumption disrupts CNS homeostasis in offspring, which is critical for healthy neurodevelopment, by altering hypothalamic and hippocampal development and recruitment of glial cells, which subsequently dysregulates dopaminergic and serotonergic systems. The adverse effects of maternal obesogenic diets are also conferred through changes to hormones including leptin, insulin and oxytocin which interact with these brain regions and neuronal circuits. Furthermore, accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiome may directly and indirectly contribute to these maternal diet effects in both human and animal studies. As the specific pathways shaping abnormal behaviour in offspring in the context of maternal obesogenic diet exposure remain unknown, further investigations are needed to address this knowledge gap. Use of animal models permits investigation of changes in neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter activity and hormones across global brain network and sex differences, which could be directly and indirectly modulated by the gut microbiome.
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17
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Nolan SO, Hodges SL, Okoh JT, Binder MS, Lugo JN. Prenatal High-Fat Diet Rescues Communication Deficits in Fmr1 Mutant Mice in a Sex-Specific Manner. Dev Neurosci 2021; 42:94-104. [PMID: 33395685 PMCID: PMC7864857 DOI: 10.1159/000509797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Using high-throughput analysis methods, the present study sought to determine the impact of prenatal high-fat dietary manipulations on isolation-induced ultrasonic vocalization production in both male and female Fmr1mutants on postnatal day 9. Prior to breeding, male FVB/129 Fmr1 wildtype and female Fmr1 heterozygous breeding pairs were assigned to 1 of 3 diet conditions: standard lab chow, omega-3 fatty acid-enriched chow, and a diet controlling for the fat increase. Prenatal exposure to omega-3 fatty acids improved reductions in the number of calls produced by Fmr1heterozygotes females. Moreover, diminished spectral purity in the female Fmr1homozygous mouse was rescued by exposure to both high-fat diets, although these effects were not seen in the male Fmr1knockout. Prenatal dietary fat manipulation also influenced several other aspects of vocalization production, such as the number of calls produced and their fundamental frequency, aside from effects due to loss of Fmr1.Specifically, in males, regardless of genotype, prenatal exposure to high omega-3s increased the average fundamental frequency of calls. These data support the need for future preclinical and clinical work elucidating the full potential of prenatal high-fat diets as a novel therapeutic alternative forFragile X syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne O Nolan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Samantha L Hodges
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - James T Okoh
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Matthew S Binder
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Joaquin N Lugo
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA,
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA,
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA,
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18
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Lauby SC, McGowan PO. Early life variations in temperature exposure affect the epigenetic regulation of the paraventricular nucleus in female rat pups. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20201991. [PMID: 33109014 PMCID: PMC7661289 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Early life maternal care received has a profound effect on later-life behaviour in adult offspring, and previous studies have suggested epigenetic mechanisms are involved. Changes in thyroid hormone receptor signalling may be related to differences in maternal care received and DNA methylation modifications. We investigated the effects of variations in temperature exposure (a proxy of maternal contact) and licking-like tactile stimulation on these processes in week-old female rat pups. We assessed thyroid hormone receptor signalling by measuring circulating triiodothyronine and transcript abundance of thyroid hormone receptors and the thyroid hormone-responsive genes DNA methyltransferase 3a and oxytocin in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. DNA methylation of the oxytocin promoter was assessed in relation to changes in thyroid hormone receptor binding. Repeated room temperature exposure was associated with a decrease in thyroid hormone receptor signalling measures relative to nest temperature exposure, while acute room temperature exposure was associated with an increase. Repeated room temperature exposure also increased thyroid hormone receptor binding and DNA methylation at the oxytocin promoter. These findings suggest that repeated room temperature exposure may affect DNA methylation levels as a consequence of alterations in thyroid hormone receptor signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha C. Lauby
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough Campus, SW548, 1265 Military Trail, Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M1C 1A4
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick O. McGowan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough Campus, SW548, 1265 Military Trail, Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M1C 1A4
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Rivera P, Tovar R, Ramírez-López MT, Navarro JA, Vargas A, Suárez J, de Fonseca FR. Sex-Specific Anxiety and Prefrontal Cortex Glutamatergic Dysregulation Are Long-Term Consequences of Pre-and Postnatal Exposure to Hypercaloric Diet in a Rat Model. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061829. [PMID: 32575416 PMCID: PMC7353464 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Both maternal and early life malnutrition can cause long-term behavioral changes in the offspring, which depends on the caloric availability and the timing of the exposure. Here we investigated in a rat model whether a high-caloric palatable diet given to the mother and/or to the offspring during the perinatal and/or postnatal period might dysregulate emotional behavior and prefrontal cortex function in the offspring at adult age. To this end, we examined both anxiety responses and the mRNA/protein expression of glutamatergic, GABAergic and endocannabinoid signaling pathways in the prefrontal cortex of adult offspring. Male animals born from mothers fed the palatable diet, and who continued with this diet after weaning, exhibited anxiety associated with an overexpression of the mRNA of Grin1, Gria1 and Grm5 glutamate receptors in the prefrontal cortex. In addition, these animals had a reduced expression of the endocannabinoid system, the main inhibitory retrograde input to glutamate synapses, reflected in a decrease of the Cnr1 receptor and the Nape-pld enzyme. In conclusion, a hypercaloric maternal diet induces sex-dependent anxiety, associated with alterations in both glutamatergic and cannabinoid signaling in the prefrontal cortex, which are accentuated with the continuation of the palatable diet during the life of the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rivera
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (R.T.); (J.A.N.); (A.V.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (F.R.d.F.); Tel.: +34-952-614-012 (P.R. & F.R.d.F.)
| | - Rubén Tovar
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (R.T.); (J.A.N.); (A.V.); (J.S.)
| | - María Teresa Ramírez-López
- Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia, 28905 Getafe, Spain;
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y Podología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Navarro
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (R.T.); (J.A.N.); (A.V.); (J.S.)
| | - Antonio Vargas
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (R.T.); (J.A.N.); (A.V.); (J.S.)
| | - Juan Suárez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (R.T.); (J.A.N.); (A.V.); (J.S.)
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain; (R.T.); (J.A.N.); (A.V.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (F.R.d.F.); Tel.: +34-952-614-012 (P.R. & F.R.d.F.)
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20
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Wijenayake S, Rahman MF, Lum CMW, De Vega WC, Sasaki A, McGowan PO. Maternal high-fat diet induces sex-specific changes to glucocorticoid and inflammatory signaling in response to corticosterone and lipopolysaccharide challenge in adult rat offspring. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:116. [PMID: 32293490 PMCID: PMC7158103 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01798-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal obesity as a result of high levels of saturated fat (HFD) consumption leads to significant negative health outcomes in both mother and exposed offspring. Offspring exposed to maternal HFD show sex-specific alterations in metabolic, behavioral, and endocrine function, as well as increased levels of basal neuroinflammation that persists into adulthood. There is evidence that psychosocial stress or exogenous administration of corticosterone (CORT) potentiate inflammatory gene expression; however, the response to acute CORT or immune challenge in adult offspring exposed to maternal HFD during perinatal life is unknown. We hypothesize that adult rat offspring exposed to maternal HFD would show enhanced pro-inflammatory gene expression in response to acute administration of CORT and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) compared to control animals, as a result of elevated basal pro-inflammatory gene expression. To test this, we examined the effects of acute CORT and/or LPS exposure on pro and anti-inflammatory neural gene expression in adult offspring (male and female) with perinatal exposure to a HFD or a control house-chow diet (CHD). METHODS Rat dams consumed HFD or CHD for four weeks prior to mating, during gestation, and throughout lactation. All male and female offspring were weaned on to CHD. In adulthood, offspring were 'challenged' with administration of exogenous CORT and/or LPS, and quantitative PCR was used to measure transcript abundance of glucocorticoid receptors and downstream inflammatory markers in the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex. RESULTS In response to CORT alone, male HFD offspring showed increased levels of anti-inflammatory transcripts, whereas in response to LPS alone, female HFD offspring showed increased levels of pro-inflammatory transcripts. In addition, male HFD offspring showed greater pro-inflammatory gene expression and female HFD offspring exhibited increased anti-inflammatory gene expression in response to simultaneous CORT and LPS administration. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that exposure to maternal HFD leads to sex-specific changes that may alter inflammatory responses in the brain, possibly as an adaptive response to basal neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanoji Wijenayake
- Center for Environmental Epigenetics and Development, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mouly F Rahman
- Center for Environmental Epigenetics and Development, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christine M W Lum
- Center for Environmental Epigenetics and Development, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wilfred C De Vega
- Center for Environmental Epigenetics and Development, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aya Sasaki
- Center for Environmental Epigenetics and Development, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick O McGowan
- Center for Environmental Epigenetics and Development, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychology, Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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21
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Khambadkone SG, Cordner ZA, Tamashiro KLK. Maternal stressors and the developmental origins of neuropsychiatric risk. Front Neuroendocrinol 2020; 57:100834. [PMID: 32084515 PMCID: PMC7243665 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2020.100834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The maternal environment during pregnancy is critical for fetal development and perinatal perturbations can prime offspring disease risk. Here, we briefly review evidence linking two well-characterized maternal stressors - psychosocial stress and infection - to increased neuropsychiatric risk in offspring. In the current climate of increasing obesity and globalization of the Western-style diet, maternal overnutrition emerges as a pressing public health concern. We focus our attention on recent epidemiological and animal model evidence showing that, like psychosocial stress and infection, maternal overnutrition can also increase offspring neuropsychiatric risk. Using lessons learned from the psychosocial stress and infection literature, we discuss how altered maternal and placental physiology in the setting of overnutrition may contribute to abnormal fetal development and resulting neuropsychiatric outcomes. A better understanding of converging pathophysiological pathways shared between stressors may enable development of interventions against neuropsychiatric illnesses that may be beneficial across stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seva G Khambadkone
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Cellular & Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Zachary A Cordner
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kellie L K Tamashiro
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Cellular & Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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22
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Abuaish S, Tse EK, McGowan PO. Perinatal high-fat diet impairs pup retrieval and induces sex-specific changes in ultrasonic vocalization characteristics of rat pups. Dev Psychobiol 2019; 62:436-445. [PMID: 31564067 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Rodent pups emit ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) to solicit maternal behavior, promoting their survival. Conversely, maternal behaviors affect the expression of pup USVs. We previously demonstrated that a maternal diet high in saturated fat (HFD) alters maternal behavior and is associated with early maturation of pups and their stress physiology. Here, we assessed the developmental profiles of pup USVs using quantitative and qualitative measures on postnatal days (PND)7 and 13. Quantitative measures included call counts, duration, and frequency, while qualitative measures examined calls' sonographic structures. HFD offspring lacked the typical decrease in USV numbers with age observed among control offspring. They also had shorter calls at PND7 compared to control and HFD offspring at PND13. HFD female offspring showed a greater number of one-frequency-sweep calls, while male pups showed a greater number of two-frequency-sweep calls compared to control offspring. Concomitantly, HFD dams showed impaired pup retrieval on PND7. The data suggest that fewer USVs of shorter duration in HFD offspring may alter dam solicitation and thus impair maternal pup retrieval. This study highlights the impacts of perinatal HFD exposure on the dyadic reciprocal interaction between dam and pups, which may set the stage for long-lasting effects on offspring physiology and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameera Abuaish
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Environmental Epigenetics and Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emmanuel K Tse
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Environmental Epigenetics and Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick O McGowan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Environmental Epigenetics and Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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23
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Mustafin RN, Kazantseva AV, Enikeeva RF, Davydova YD, Karunas AS, Malykh SB, Khusnutdinova EK. Epigenetics of Aggressive Behavior. RUSS J GENET+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795419090096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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24
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John RM. Prenatal Adversity Modulates the Quality of Maternal Care Via the Exposed Offspring. Bioessays 2019; 41:e1900025. [PMID: 31094007 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Adversities in pregnancy, including poor diet and stress, are associated with increased risk of developing both metabolic and mental health disorders later in life, a phenomenon described as fetal programming or developmental origins of disease. Predominant hypotheses proposed to explain this relationship suggest that the adversity imposes direct changes to the developing fetus which are maintained after birth resulting in an increased susceptibility to ill health. However, during pregnancy the mother, the developing fetus, and the placenta are all exposed to the adversity. The same adversities linked to altered offspring outcome can also result in suboptimal maternal care, which is considered an independent adverse exposure for the offspring. Recent key experiments in mice reveal the potential of prenatal adversity to drive alterations in maternal care through abnormal maternal-pup interactions and via alterations in placental signaling. Together, these data highlight the critical importance of viewing fetal programming holistically paying attention to the intimate, bidirectional, and reiterative relationship between mothers and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalind M John
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
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25
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Niu X, Wu X, Ying A, Shao B, Li X, Zhang W, Lin C, Lin Y. Maternal high fat diet programs hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function in adult rat offspring. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 102:128-138. [PMID: 30544004 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Maternal environmental factors such as diet have profound effects on offspring development and later health. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is an important stress neuroendocrine system that is subject to programming by early life challenges. The present study was further to investigate whether maternal high fat diet (HFD) exposure during rat pregnancy and lactation can alter the HPA axis activity in adult male offspring. We observed that maternal HFD consumption exerted long-term effects on the basal activity of the HPA axis in adult offspring, with increased mean plasma corticosterone levels that result from elevated steroid pulse frequence and pulse amplitude. More importantly, maternal HFD offspring displayed enhanced corticosterone responses to restraint (1 h) and lipopolysaccharide (25 μg/kg, iv) but not insulin-induced hypoglycemia (0.3U/kg, iv) stress, suggesting a stressor-specific effect of maternal diet on the hyperresponsiveness of the HPA axis to stress. Additionally, maternal HFD exposure markedly attenuated the habituation of HPA responses to repeated restraint stress. These findings demonstrate that perinatal HFD exposure has a potent and long-lasting influence on development of neuroendocrine regulatory mechanisms. Maternal HFD consumption significantly increased basal corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) mRNA expression in the paraventricular nucleus; nevertheless, similar increments in CRF mRNA levels following restraint were observed between maternal HFD offspring and control rats. Furthermore, the medial and central nuclei of amygdala played a pivotal role in maternal HFD-induced sensitization of the HPA response to psychological and systemic stress, respectively, suggesting that different neural pathways may mediate maternal HFD-induced HPA hyperresponsivity to different types of stressors. Take together, the long-term effects of maternal HFD challenge on the central regulation of the HPA axis, therefore, expose the adult offspring to greater HPA function throughout lifespan, in stressor-specific and region-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoTing Niu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - XiaoYun Wu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - AnNa Ying
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Bei Shao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - XiaoFeng Li
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - WanLi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - ChengCheng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - YuanShao Lin
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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The effect of home-based phototherapy on parental stress in mothers of infants with neonatal jaundice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnn.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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