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Kang W, Wang C, Wang M, Liu M, Hu W, Liang X, Yang J, Zhang Y. A key regulator of tumor-associated neutrophils: the CXCR2 chemokine receptor. J Mol Histol 2024:10.1007/s10735-024-10260-y. [PMID: 39269537 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-024-10260-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, with the advance of research, the role of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) in tumors has become a research hotspot. As important effector cells in the innate immune system, neutrophils play a key role in the immune and inflammatory responses of the body. As the first line of defense against bacterial and fungal infections, neutrophils have the ability to kill invading pathogens. In the pathological state of malignant tumors, the phenotype of neutrophils is altered and has an important regulatory function in tumor development. The C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2(CXCR2) is a key molecule that mediates the migration and aggregation signaling pathway of immune cells, especially neutrophils. This review focuses on the regulation of CXCR2 on TANs in the process of tumorigenesis and development, and emphasizes the application significance of CXCR2 inhibitors in blocking the migration of TANs to tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Kang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P.R. China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 420001, Hunan, China
| | - Chengkun Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 420001, Hunan, China
| | - Minhui Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 420001, Hunan, China
| | - Meiqi Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 420001, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 420001, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Liang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 420001, Hunan, China
| | - Juanli Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, P.R. China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 420001, Hunan, China.
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2
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Li Y, Yang T, Jiang B. Neutrophil and neutrophil extracellular trap involvement in neutrophilic asthma: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39342. [PMID: 39183388 PMCID: PMC11346896 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease characterized by variable airflow obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness. Neutrophilic asthma (NA) is classified as "type 2 low" asthma, defined as 65% or more neutrophils in the total cell count. There is no clear consensus on the pathogenesis of NA, and the accumulation of neutrophils and release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may be responsible for its development. A NET is a large extracellular meshwork comprising cell membrane and granule proteins. It is a powerful antimicrobial defence system that traps, neutralizes, and kills bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites and prevents the spread of microorganisms. However, dysregulation of NETs may lead to chronic airway inflammation, is associated with worsening of asthma, and has been the subject of major research advances in chronic lung diseases in recent years. NA is insensitive to steroids, and there is a need to find effective biomarkers as targets for the treatment of NA to replace steroids. This review analyses the mechanisms of action between asthmatic neutrophil recruitment and NET formation and their impact on NA development. It also discusses their possible therapeutic significance in NA, summarizing the advances made in NA agents and providing strategies for the treatment of NA, provide a theoretical basis for the development of new therapeutic drugs, thereby improving the level of diagnosis and treatment, and promoting the research progress in the field of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuemu Li
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tianyi Yang
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Baihua Jiang
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Heilongjiang, China
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3
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Wu F, Han Y, Xiong Q, Tang H, Shi J, Yang Q, Li X, Jia H, Qian J, Dong Y, Li T, Gao Y, Qian Z, Wang H, Wang T. Cerebral Endothelial CXCR2 Promotes Neutrophil Transmigration into Central Nervous System in LPS-Induced Septic Encephalopathy. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1536. [PMID: 39062109 PMCID: PMC11274668 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Septic encephalopathy (SE) represents a severe inflammatory syndrome linked to elevated septic mortality rates, lacking specific therapeutic interventions, and often resulting in enduring neurological sequelae. The present investigation endeavors to elucidate the involvement of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 2 (CXCR2) in the pathogenesis of SE and to explore the potential of CXCR2 modulation as a therapeutic avenue for SE. Employing a murine SE model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, CXCR2 knockout mice and the CXCR2 inhibitor SB225002 were utilized to assess neutrophil recruitment, endothelial integrity, and transendothelial migration. Our findings substantiate that either CXCR2 deficiency or its inhibition curtails neutrophil recruitment without impacting their adhesion to cerebral endothelial cells. This phenomenon is contingent upon endothelial CXCR2 expression rather than CXCR2's presence on neutrophils. Furthermore, the CXCR2 blockade preserves the integrity of tight junction protein ZO-1 and mitigates F-actin stress fiber formation in cerebral endothelial cells following septic challenge. Mechanistically, CXCL1-mediated CXCR2 activation triggers cerebral endothelial actin contraction via Rho signaling, thereby facilitating neutrophil transmigration in SE. These observations advocate for the potential therapeutic efficacy of CXCR2 inhibition in managing SE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Wu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Yuhong Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People’s Hospital of Fuyang City, Fuyang 236015, China
| | - Qianqian Xiong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Meishan Hospital, Nanjing 210041, China
| | - Haitao Tang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Qingqing Yang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Xuemeng Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Haoxuan Jia
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Jun Qian
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Yishu Dong
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
| | - Tuantuan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People’s Hospital of Fuyang City, Fuyang 236015, China
| | - Yong Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People’s Hospital of Fuyang City, Fuyang 236015, China
| | - Zhongqing Qian
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunology in Chronic Diseases, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL 34987, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
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4
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Armstrong AJ, Geva R, Chung HC, Lemech C, Miller WH, Hansen AR, Lee JS, Tsai F, Solomon BJ, Kim TM, Rolfo C, Giranda V, Ren Y, Liu F, Kandala B, Freshwater T, Wang JS. CXCR2 antagonist navarixin in combination with pembrolizumab in select advanced solid tumors: a phase 2 randomized trial. Invest New Drugs 2024; 42:145-159. [PMID: 38324085 PMCID: PMC11076327 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-023-01410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) has a role in tumor progression, lineage plasticity, and reduction of immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy. Preclinical evidence suggests potential benefit of CXCR2 inhibition in multiple solid tumors. In this phase 2 study (NCT03473925), adults with previously treated advanced or metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer (MSS CRC), or non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were randomized 1:1 to the CXCR2 antagonist navarixin 30 or 100 mg orally once daily plus pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks up to 35 cycles. Primary endpoints were investigator-assessed objective response rate (RECIST v1.1) and safety. Of 105 patients (CRPC, n=40; MSS CRC, n=40; NSCLC, n=25), 3 had a partial response (2 CRPC, 1 MSS CRC) for ORRs of 5%, 2.5%, and 0%, respectively. Median progression-free survival was 1.8-2.4 months without evidence of a dose-response relationship, and the study was closed at a prespecified interim analysis for lack of efficacy. Dose-limiting toxicities occurred in 2/48 patients (4%) receiving navarixin 30 mg and 3/48 (6%) receiving navarixin 100 mg; events included grade 4 neutropenia and grade 3 transaminase elevation, hepatitis, and pneumonitis. Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 70/105 patients (67%) and led to treatment discontinuation in 7/105 (7%). Maximal reductions from baseline in absolute neutrophil count were 44.5%-48.2% (cycle 1) and 37.5%-44.2% (cycle 2) and occurred within 6-12 hours postdose in both groups. Navarixin plus pembrolizumab did not demonstrate sufficient efficacy in this study. Safety and tolerability of the combination were manageable. (Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03473925).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Armstrong
- Duke Cancer Institute Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - Ravit Geva
- Division of Oncology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel, affiliated to the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hyun Cheol Chung
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Wilson H Miller
- Segal Cancer Center, McGill University, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Jong-Seok Lee
- Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | | | | | - Tae Min Kim
- Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Christian Rolfo
- Center for Thoracic Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Fang Liu
- Merck & Co., Inc, Rahway, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Judy S Wang
- Florida Cancer Specialists/Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Sarasota, FL, USA
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5
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Lazennec G, Rajarathnam K, Richmond A. CXCR2 chemokine receptor - a master regulator in cancer and physiology. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:37-55. [PMID: 37872025 PMCID: PMC10841707 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings have modified our understanding of the roles of chemokine receptor CXCR2 and its ligands in cancer, inflammation, and immunity. Studies in Cxcr2 tissue-specific knockout mice show that this receptor is involved in, among other things, cancer, central nervous system (CNS) function, metabolism, reproduction, COVID-19, and the response to circadian cycles. Moreover, CXCR2 involvement in neutrophil function has been revisited not only in physiology but also for its major contribution to cancers. The recent unfolding of the role of CXCR2 in numerous cancers has led to extensive evaluation of multiple CXCR2 antagonists in preclinical and clinical studies. In this review we discuss the potential of targeting CXCR2 for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendal Lazennec
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sys2Diag-ALCEDIAG, Cap Delta, Montpellier, France; CNRS Groupement de Recherche (GDR) 3697 'Microenvironment of Tumor Niches', Micronit, France.
| | - Krishna Rajarathnam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ann Richmond
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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6
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Li W, Crouse KK, Alley J, Frisbie RK, Fish SC, Andreyeva TA, Reed LA, Thorn M, DiMaggio G, Donovan CB, Bennett D, Garren J, Oziolor E, Qian J, Newman L, Vargas AP, Kumpf SW, Steyn SJ, Schnute ME, Thorarensen A, Hegen M, Stevens E, Collinge M, Lanz TA, Vincent F, Vincent MS, Berstein G. A Novel C-C Chemoattractant Cytokine (Chemokine) Receptor 6 (CCR6) Antagonist (PF-07054894) Distinguishes between Homologous Chemokine Receptors, Increases Basal Circulating CCR6 + T Cells, and Ameliorates Interleukin-23-Induced Skin Inflammation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 386:80-92. [PMID: 37142443 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Blocking chemokine receptor C-C chemoattractant cytokine (chemokine) receptor (CCR) 6-dependent T cell migration has therapeutic promise in inflammatory diseases. PF-07054894 is a novel CCR6 antagonist that blocked only CCR6, CCR7, and C-X-C chemoattractant cytokine (chemokine) receptor (CXCR) 2 in a β-arrestin assay panel of 168 G protein-coupled receptors. Inhibition of CCR6-mediated human T cell chemotaxis by (R)-4-((2-(((1,4-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)(1-methylcyclopentyl)methyl)amino)-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)amino)-3-hydroxy-N,N-dimethylpicolinamide (PF-07054894) was insurmountable by CCR6 ligand, C-C motif ligand (CCL) 20. In contrast, blockade of CCR7-dependent chemotaxis in human T cells and CXCR2-dependent chemotaxis in human neutrophils by PF-07054894 were surmountable by CCL19 and C-X-C motif ligand 1, respectively. [3H]-PF-07054894 showed a slower dissociation rate for CCR6 than for CCR7 and CXCR2 suggesting that differences in chemotaxis patterns of inhibition could be attributable to offset kinetics. Consistent with this notion, an analog of PF-07054894 with fast dissociation rate showed surmountable inhibition of CCL20/CCR6 chemotaxis. Furthermore, pre-equilibration of T cells with PF-07054894 increased its inhibitory potency in CCL20/CCR6 chemotaxis by 10-fold. The functional selectivity of PF-07054894 for inhibition of CCR6 relative to CCR7 and CXCR2 is estimated to be at least 50- and 150-fold, respectively. When administered orally to naïve cynomolgus monkeys, PF-07054894 increased the frequency of CCR6+ peripheral blood T cells, suggesting that blockade of CCR6 inhibited homeostatic migration of T cells from blood to tissues. PF-07054894 inhibited interleukin-23-induced mouse skin ear swelling to a similar extent as genetic ablation of CCR6. PF-07054894 caused an increase in cell surface CCR6 in mouse and monkey B cells, which was recapitulated in mouse splenocytes in vitro. In conclusion, PF-07054894 is a potent and functionally selective CCR6 antagonist that blocks CCR6-mediated chemotaxis in vitro and in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The chemokine receptor, C-C chemoattractant cytokine (chemokine) receptor 6 (CCR6) plays a key role in the migration of pathogenic lymphocytes and dendritic cells into sites of inflammation. (R)-4-((2-(((1,4-Dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)(1-methylcyclopentyl)methyl)amino)-3,4-dioxocyclobut-1-en-1-yl)amino)-3-hydroxy-N,N-dimethylpicolinamide (PF-07054894) is a novel CCR6 small molecule antagonist that illustrates the importance of binding kinetics in achieving pharmacological potency and selectivity. Orally administered PF-07054894 blocks homeostatic and pathogenic functions of CCR6, suggesting that it is a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of a variety of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Kimberly K Crouse
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Jennifer Alley
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Richard K Frisbie
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Susan C Fish
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Tatyana A Andreyeva
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Lori A Reed
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Mitchell Thorn
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Giovanni DiMaggio
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Carol B Donovan
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Donald Bennett
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Jeonifer Garren
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Elias Oziolor
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Jesse Qian
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Leah Newman
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Amanda P Vargas
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Steven W Kumpf
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Stefan J Steyn
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Mark E Schnute
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Atli Thorarensen
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Martin Hegen
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Erin Stevens
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Mark Collinge
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Thomas A Lanz
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Fabien Vincent
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Michael S Vincent
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
| | - Gabriel Berstein
- Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit (W.L., K.K.C., J.A., S.C.F., T.A.A., M.H., M.S.V., G.B.), Biostatistics (D.B., J.G.), and Medicine Design (S.J.S., M.E.S., A.T.), Pfizer, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, and Primary Pharmacology Group (R.K.F., F.V.), Clinical Biomarkers (M.T., E.S.), and Drug Safety Research and Development (L.A.R., G.D., C.B.D., E.O., J.Q., L.N., A.P.V., S.W.K., M.C., T.A.L.), Pfizer, Inc., Groton, Connecticut
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7
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Britt RD, Ruwanpathirana A, Ford ML, Lewis BW. Macrophages Orchestrate Airway Inflammation, Remodeling, and Resolution in Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10451. [PMID: 37445635 PMCID: PMC10341920 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a heterogenous chronic inflammatory lung disease with endotypes that manifest different immune system profiles, severity, and responses to current therapies. Regardless of endotype, asthma features increased immune cell infiltration, inflammatory cytokine release, and airway remodeling. Lung macrophages are also heterogenous in that there are separate subsets and, depending on the environment, different effector functions. Lung macrophages are important in recruitment of immune cells such as eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes that enhance allergic inflammation and initiate T helper cell responses. Persistent lung remodeling including mucus hypersecretion, increased airway smooth muscle mass, and airway fibrosis contributes to progressive lung function decline that is insensitive to current asthma treatments. Macrophages secrete inflammatory mediators that induce airway inflammation and remodeling. Additionally, lung macrophages are instrumental in protecting against pathogens and play a critical role in resolution of inflammation and return to homeostasis. This review summarizes current literature detailing the roles and existing knowledge gaps for macrophages as key inflammatory orchestrators in asthma pathogenesis. We also raise the idea that modulating inflammatory responses in lung macrophages is important for alleviating asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney D Britt
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Anushka Ruwanpathirana
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Maria L Ford
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Brandon W Lewis
- Center for Perinatal Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43215, USA
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8
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Hua C, Liang Q, Chen S, Zhu J, Tang Y, Chen X, Song Y, van der Veen S, Cheng H. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell treatment alleviates symptoms in an atopic dermatitis-like mouse model. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:147. [PMID: 37248497 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03365-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common immune and inflammatory skin disorders, leading to insufferable itching and skin abnormalities that seriously affect life quality of patients. There are still huge unmet needs for long-term and effective disease control, despite currently available therapies. Evidenced by some preclinical and clinical studies of AD treatment with stem cells, stem cell treatment could significantly and effectively ameliorate AD symptoms. OBJECTIVES To elucidate underlying mechanisms of how stem cells therapy alleviates AD-like symptoms. METHODS An AD-like mouse model was constructed and treated with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) subcutaneously or subcutaneously combined with intravenously. The differentially expressed genes were sorted out from RNA sequencing results of dorsal skin and blood. RESULTS Two injection routes of MSCs could alleviate AD-like symptoms and pathologic changes of the skin and immune organs. RNA sequencing of dorsal skin sections and blood provided gene expression signatures for amelioration of skin defects, inflammatory and immune modulation by MSCs, as well as common AD molecular markers for the skin and blood, which may benefit for clinical diagnosis. IL-1β and its signaling pathway were specifically found to be associated with the development of AD-like dermatitis lesions. MSC treatment effectively inhibited the JAK-STAT pathway and receptors of IL-4, IL-13, IL-17, and IgE. CONCLUSIONS MSC therapy could regulate abnormal immune and inflammatory status in AD. Mechanistic exploration will contribute to the development of personalized AD treatment based on MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunting Hua
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qichang Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siji Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianzhen Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinjing Song
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Stijn van der Veen
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Microbiology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Nesterova IV, Atazhakhova MG, Teterin YV, Matushkina VA, Chudilova GA, Mitropanova MN. THE ROLE OF NEUTROPHIL EXTRACELLULAR TRAPS (NETS)
IN THE IMMUNOPATHOGENESIS OF SEVERE COVID-19: POTENTIAL IMMUNOTHERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES REGULATING NET FORMATION AND ACTIVITY. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND IMMUNITY 2023. [DOI: 10.15789/2220-7619-tro-2058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The role of neutrophil granulocytes (NG) in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is associated with the recruitment of NG into inflammatory foci, activation of their functions and enhanced formation of neutrophil extracellular networks (NETs). In this review, we analyzed a fairly large volume of scientific literature devoted to the peculiarities of the formation of NETs, their role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, participation in the occurrence of immunothrombosis, vasculitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, cytokine storm syndrome, multi-organ lesions. Convincing data are presented that clearly indicate the significant involvement of NETs in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 and the associated severe complications resulting from the intensification of the inflammation process, which is key for the course of infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The presented role of NG and NETs, along with the role of other immune system cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines, is extremely important in understanding the development of an overactive immune response in severe COVID-19. The obtained scientific results, available today, allow identifying the possibilities of regulatory effects on hyperactivated NG, on the formation of NETs at various stages and on limiting the negative impact of already formed NETs on various tissues and organs. All of the above should help in the creation of new, specialized immunotherapy strategies designed to increase the chances of survival, reduce the severity of clinical manifestations in patients with COVID-19, as well as significantly reduce mortality rates. Currently, it is possible to use existing drugs and a number of new drugs are being developed, the action of which can regulate the amount of NG, positively affect the functions of NG and limit the intensity of NETs formation. Continuing research on the role of hyperactive NG and netosis, as well as understanding the mechanisms of regulation of the phenomenon of formation and restriction of NETs activity in severe COVID-19, apparently, are a priority, since in the future the new data obtained could become the basis for the development of targeted approaches not only to immunotherapy aimed at limiting education and blocking negative effects already formed NETs in severe COVID-19, but also to immunotherapy, which could be used in the complex treatment of other netopathies, first of all, autoimmune diseases, auto-inflammatory syndromes, severe purulent-inflammatory processes, including bacterial sepsis and hematogenous osteomyelitis.
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10
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Komolafe K, Pacurari M. CXC Chemokines in the Pathogenesis of Pulmonary Disease and Pharmacological Relevance. Int J Inflam 2022; 2022:4558159. [PMID: 36164329 PMCID: PMC9509283 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4558159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines and their receptors play important roles in the pathophysiology of many diseases by regulating the cellular migration of major inflammatory and immune players. The CXC motif chemokine subfamily is the second largest family, and it is further subdivided into ELR motif CXC (ELR+) and non-ELR motif (ELR-) CXC chemokines, which are effective chemoattractants for neutrophils and lymphocytes/monocytes, respectively. These chemokines and their receptors are expected to have a significant impact on a wide range of lung diseases, many of which have inflammatory or immunological underpinnings. As a result, manipulations of this subfamily of chemokines and their receptors using small molecular agents and other means have been explored for potential therapeutic benefit in the setting of several lung pathologies. Furthermore, encouraging preclinical data has necessitated the progression of a few of these drugs into clinical trials in order to make the most effective use of interventions in the development of viable targeted therapeutics. The current review presents the understanding of the roles of CXC ligands (CXCLs) and their cognate receptors (CXCRs) in the pathogenesis of several lung diseases such as allergic rhinitis, COPD, lung fibrosis, lung cancer, pneumonia, and tuberculosis. The potential therapeutic benefits of pharmacological or other CXCL/CXCR axis manipulations are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayode Komolafe
- RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
| | - Maricica Pacurari
- RCMI Center for Health Disparities Research, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
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11
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Abstract
In spite of the significant technical and technological progress in neurosurgery and the continuous discoveries by the basic research, adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma remains a significant clinical challenge. Actually, the huge size of the tumor, its multiple cystic components, the encasement of Willis' circle and optic pathways, and the invasion of the hypothalamus often prevent its safe surgical resection. Moreover, the local aggressiveness of the tumor accounts for a high risk of recurrence even after a gross total resection. For these reasons, more and more efforts are being dedicated to enhance the knowledge about AC and improve the tools for its treatment.This paper is dedicated to the most recent advances concerning the AC management. Promising, new insights come for the basic research, thanks to the updates on the role of the WNT-β-catenin pathway (important for the tumor genesis and progression, not yet developed enough for a safe target therapy in children but useful for determining the prognosis) and the inflammatory mediators (widely overexpressed, especially by the cyst of the tumor, and for which target therapies are being developed). Moreover, further factors and pathways are under investigation.Also the development of new treatment strategies accounts for the improvement of the prognosis and the quality of life of AC patients. The enhancement of the experience with the endoscopic techniques (both transsphenoidal and transventricular approaches) actually allows to perform a less invasive but effective surgery that can be coupled with new modalities of radiation therapy aiming at obtaining a reliable control of the disease and protecting the endocrinological, ophthalmological, and neurological functions. A special mention is finally deserved by the techniques specifically designed for the intracystic therapy (as cyst fenestration alone or in combination with administration of radionuclides or bleomycin or interferon-α) that are here analyzed together with the aforementioned advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bianchi
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Benato
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Massimi
- Pediatric Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore-Rome, Rome, Italy.
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12
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Du Y, Luan J, Jiang RP, Liu J, Ma Y. Myrcene exerts anti-asthmatic activity in neonatal rats via modulating the matrix remodeling. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 34:2058738420954948. [PMID: 32962470 PMCID: PMC7517990 DOI: 10.1177/2058738420954948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myrcene (MC), an organic hydrocarbon, was found to exert anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimutagenic and antioxidant properties. However, the protective role of MC has not been reported against neonatal asthma. Wistar rats induced with asthma were administered with MC; while asthma control and vehicle control were maintained without MC administration. At the end of the experimental period, lung histology, inflammatory cell counts, cytokine analysis, matrix protein expressions were elucidated. Rats administered with MC exerted significant (P < 0.05) defense in protecting the lung tissue with the evidenced restoration of alveolar thickening of the lung tissues. Also, the present study elicited the anti-asthmatic activity of MC, especially via modulating the extracellular matrix protein expression in the asthma-induced animals, while a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the fibrotic markers were found in MC treated animals. Moreover, the protective effect of MC was evidenced with reduced leukocyte infiltration in BALF, hypersensitive specific IgE levels with a profound decrease in the inflammatory cytokines such as IL-2, IL-4, IL-18, and IL-21 in MC administered animals compared to the asthma-induced group. To an extent, the markers of asthmatic inflammation such as CD14, MCP-1, and TARC were also found to be attenuated in MC exposed animals. The possible application of MC is a promising drug for the treatment of asthma-mediated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Luan
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ren Peng Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Third Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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13
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Ashar HK, Pulavendran S, Rudd JM, Maram P, Achanta M, Chow VTK, Malayer JR, Snider TA, Teluguakula N. Administration of a CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 (CXCR2) Antagonist, SCH527123, Together with Oseltamivir Suppresses NETosis and Protects Mice from Lethal Influenza and Piglets from Swine-Influenza Infection. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:669-685. [PMID: 33453177 PMCID: PMC8027923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Excessive neutrophil influx, their released neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and extracellular histones are associated with disease severity in influenza-infected patients. Neutrophil chemokine receptor CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) is a critical target for suppressing neutrophilic inflammation. Herein, temporal dynamics of neutrophil activity and NETosis were investigated to determine the optimal timing of treatment with the CXCR2 antagonist, SCH527123 (2-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyl-3-[2-([(R)-1-(5-methyl-furan-2-yl)-propyl]amino)-3,4-dioxo-cyclobut-1-enylamino]-benzamide), and its efficacy together with antiviral agent, oseltamivir, was tested in murine and piglet influenza-pneumonia models. SCH527123 plus oseltamivir markedly improved survival of mice infected with lethal influenza, and diminished lung pathology in swine-influenza-infected piglets. Mechanistically, addition of SCH527123 in the combination treatment attenuated neutrophil influx, NETosis, in both mice and piglets. Furthermore, neutrophils isolated from influenza-infected mice showed greater susceptibility to NETotic death when stimulated with a CXCR2 ligand, IL-8. In addition, CXCR2 stimulation induced nuclear translocation of neutrophil elastase, and enhanced citrullination of histones that triggers chromatin decondensation during NET formation. Studies on temporal dynamics of neutrophils and NETs during influenza thus provide important insights into the optimal timing of CXCR2 antagonist treatment for attenuating neutrophil-mediated lung pathology. These findings reveal that pharmacologic treatment with CXCR2 antagonist together with an antiviral agent could significantly ameliorate morbidity and mortality in virulent and sublethal influenza infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshini K Ashar
- Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Sivasami Pulavendran
- Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Jennifer M Rudd
- Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Prasanthi Maram
- Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Mallika Achanta
- Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Vincent T K Chow
- National University Health System Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry R Malayer
- Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Timothy A Snider
- Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
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14
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Hengartner AC, Prince E, Vijmasi T, Hankinson TC. Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma: moving toward targeted therapies. Neurosurg Focus 2021; 48:E7. [PMID: 31896087 DOI: 10.3171/2019.10.focus19705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The evolving characterization of the biological basis of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) has provided insights critical for novel systemically delivered therapies. While current treatment strategies for ACP are associated with low mortality rates, patients experience severely lowered quality of life due to high recurrence rates and chronic sequelae, presenting a need for novel effective treatment regimens. The identification of various dysregulated pathways that play roles in the pathogenesis of ACP has prompted the investigation of novel treatment options. Aberrations in the CTNNB1 gene lead to the dysregulation of the Wnt pathway and the accumulation of nuclear β-catenin, which may play a role in tumor invasiveness. While Wnt pathway/β-catenin inhibition may be a promising treatment for ACP, potential off-target effects have limited its use in current intervention strategies. Promising evidence of the therapeutic potential of cystic proinflammatory mediators and immunosuppressants has been translated into clinical therapies, including interleukin 6 and IDO-1 inhibition. The dysregulation of the pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and programmed cell death protein 1 and its ligand (PD-1/PD-L1) has led to identification of various therapeutic targets that have shown promise as clinical strategies. The Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway is upregulated in ACP and has been implicated in tumorigenesis and tumor growth; however, inhibition of SHH in murine models decreased survival, limiting its therapeutic application. While further preclinical and clinical data are needed, systemically delivered therapies could delay or replace the need for more aggressive definitive treatments. Ongoing preclinical investigations and clinical trials of these prospective pathways promise to advance treatment approaches aimed to increase patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid C Hengartner
- 1Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine; and
| | - Eric Prince
- 1Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine; and
| | - Trinka Vijmasi
- 1Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine; and
| | - Todd C Hankinson
- 1Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine; and.,2Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Program, Aurora, Colorado
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15
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De Volder J, Vereecke L, Joos G, Maes T. Targeting neutrophils in asthma: A therapeutic opportunity? Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 182:114292. [PMID: 33080186 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Suppression of airway inflammation with inhaled corticosteroids has been the key therapeutic approach for asthma for many years. Identification of inflammatory phenotypes in asthma has moreover led to important breakthroughs, e.g. with specific targeting of the IL-5 pathway as add-on treatment in difficult-to-treat eosinophilic asthma. However, the impact of interfering with the neutrophilic component in asthma is less documented and understood. This review provides an overview of established and recent insights with regard to the role of neutrophils in asthma, focusing on research in humans. We will describe the main drivers of neutrophilic responses in asthma, the heterogeneity in neutrophils and how they could contribute to asthma pathogenesis. Moreover we will describe findings from clinical trials, in which neutrophilic inflammation was targeted. It is clear that neutrophils are important actors in asthma development and play a role in exacerbations. However, more research is required to fully understand how modulation of neutrophil activity could lead to a significant benefit in asthma patients with airway neutrophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyceline De Volder
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lars Vereecke
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent, Belgium; Ghent Gut Inflammation Group (GGIG), Ghent University, Belgium; Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
| | - Guy Joos
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tania Maes
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
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16
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Chiang CC, Korinek M, Cheng WJ, Hwang TL. Targeting Neutrophils to Treat Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Coronavirus Disease. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:572009. [PMID: 33162887 PMCID: PMC7583590 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.572009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes targeting neutrophils as a potential therapeutic strategy for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Neutrophil counts are significantly elevated in patients with COVID-19 and significantly correlated with disease severity. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio can serve as a clinical marker for predicting fatal complications related to ARDS in patients with COVID-19. Neutrophil-associated inflammation plays a critical pathogenic role in ARDS. The effector functions of neutrophils, acting as respiratory burst oxidants, granule proteases, and neutrophil extracellular traps, are linked to the pathogenesis of ARDS. Hence, neutrophils can not only be used as pathogenic markers but also as candidate drug targets for COVID-19 associated ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chao Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Puxin Fengze Chinese Medicine Clinic, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Michal Korinek
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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17
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Mattos MS, Ferrero MR, Kraemer L, Lopes GAO, Reis DC, Cassali GD, Oliveira FMS, Brandolini L, Allegretti M, Garcia CC, Martins MA, Teixeira MM, Russo RC. CXCR1 and CXCR2 Inhibition by Ladarixin Improves Neutrophil-Dependent Airway Inflammation in Mice. Front Immunol 2020; 11:566953. [PMID: 33123138 PMCID: PMC7566412 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.566953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Increased IL-8 levels and neutrophil accumulation in the airways are common features found in patients affected by pulmonary diseases such as Asthma, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Influenza-A infection and COPD. Chronic neutrophilic inflammation is usually corticosteroid insensitive and may be relevant in the progression of those diseases. Objective To explore the role of Ladarixin, a dual CXCR1/2 antagonist, in several mouse models of airway inflammation with a significant neutrophilic component. Findings Ladarixin was able to reduce the acute and chronic neutrophilic influx, also attenuating the Th2 eosinophil-dominated airway inflammation, tissue remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness. Correspondingly, Ladarixin decreased bleomycin-induced neutrophilic inflammation and collagen deposition, as well as attenuated the corticosteroid resistant Th17 neutrophil-dominated airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, restoring corticosteroid sensitivity. Finally, Ladarixin reduced neutrophilic airway inflammation during cigarette smoke-induced corticosteroid resistant exacerbation of Influenza-A infection, improving lung function and mice survival. Conclusion CXCR1/2 antagonist Ladarixin offers a new strategy for therapeutic treatment of acute and chronic neutrophilic airway inflammation, even in the context of corticosteroid-insensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Silverio Mattos
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Kraemer
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Augusto Oliveira Lopes
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Diego Carlos Reis
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Geovanni Dantas Cassali
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Marcus Silva Oliveira
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of General Pathology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cristiana Couto Garcia
- Laboratory of Respiratory Virus and Measles, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Remo Castro Russo
- Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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18
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Agnew-Francis KA, Williams CM. Squaramides as Bioisosteres in Contemporary Drug Design. Chem Rev 2020; 120:11616-11650. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kylie A. Agnew-Francis
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Craig M. Williams
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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19
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Laudermilk LT, Tovar A, Homstad AK, Thomas JM, McFadden KM, Tune MK, Cowley DO, Mock JR, Ideraabdullah F, Kelada SNP. Baseline and innate immune response characterization of a Zfp30 knockout mouse strain. Mamm Genome 2020; 31:205-214. [PMID: 32860515 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-020-09847-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Airway neutrophilia is correlated with disease severity in a number of chronic and acute pulmonary diseases, and dysregulation of neutrophil chemotaxis can lead to host tissue damage. The gene Zfp30 was previously identified as a candidate regulator of neutrophil recruitment to the lungs and secretion of CXCL1, a potent neutrophil chemokine, in a genome-wide mapping study using the Collaborative Cross. ZFP30 is a putative transcriptional repressor with a KRAB domain capable of inducing heterochromatin formation. Using a CRISPR-mediated knockout mouse model, we investigated the role that Zfp30 plays in recruitment of neutrophils to the lung using models of allergic airway disease and acute lung injury. We found that the Zfp30 null allele did not affect CXCL1 secretion or neutrophil recruitment to the lungs in response to various innate immune stimuli. Intriguingly, despite the lack of neutrophil phenotype, we found there was a significant reduction in the proportion of live Zfp30 homozygous female mutant mice produced from heterozygous matings. This deviation from the expected Mendelian ratios implicates Zfp30 in fertility or embryonic development. Overall, our results indicate that Zfp30 is an essential gene but does not influence neutrophilic inflammation in this particular knockout model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas T Laudermilk
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adelaide Tovar
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alison K Homstad
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joseph M Thomas
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Kathryn M McFadden
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Miriya K Tune
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dale O Cowley
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Animal Models Core Facility, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jason R Mock
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Folami Ideraabdullah
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Samir N P Kelada
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA. .,Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. .,Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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20
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Zhu LM, Zeng D, Lei XC, Huang J, Deng YF, Ji YB, Liu J, Dai FF, Li YZ, Shi DD, Zhu YQ, Dai AG, Wang Z. KLF2 regulates neutrophil migration by modulating CXCR1 and CXCR2 in asthma. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165920. [PMID: 32800946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils are key inflammatory cells in the immunopathogenesis of asthma. Neutrophil migration can be initiated through activation of the CXCR1 and CXCR2 receptors by CXC chemokines, such as IL-8. Although transcription factor KLF2 has been found to maintain T cell migration patterns through repression of several chemokine receptors, whether KLF2 can regulate neutrophil migration via modulation of CXCR1 and CXCR2 is unknown. Here, we aimed to explore the functions of KLF2, CXCR1 and CXCR2 in neutrophil migration in asthma and to establish a regulatory role of KLF2 for CXCR1/2. We demonstrate that with asthma aggravation, the percentages and migration rates of peripheral blood neutrophils gradually increased in asthmatic patients and the guinea pig asthma model. Correspondingly, both the KLF2 mRNA and protein levels in neutrophils were gradually reduced. While CXCR1 and CXCR2 expression was negatively correlated with KLF2. In vitro knockdown of KLF2 dramatically increased the migration of HL-60-drived neutrophil-like cells, which was accompanied by an increase in the CXCR1 and CXCR2 mRNA and protein expression levels. Taken together, our results indicate that decreased KLF2 aggravates asthma progression by promoting neutrophil migration, which is associated with the transcriptional upregulation of CXCR1 and CXCR2. The KLF2 and/or CXCR1/2 expression levels may represent an indicator of asthma severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ming Zhu
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410016, China; Institute of Respiratory Disease, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410016, China.
| | - Dan Zeng
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410016, China
| | - Xue-Chun Lei
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410016, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410016, China
| | - Yan-Feng Deng
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410016, China
| | - Yu-Bin Ji
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410016, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Fang-Fang Dai
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410016, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Li
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410016, China
| | - Dan-Dan Shi
- Department of Geriatric Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First-Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410016, China
| | - Ying-Qun Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha 410015, China
| | - Ai-Guo Dai
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Changsha medical University, Changsha 410219, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Molecular Biology Research Center, School of life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of Chinese Minisitry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South Universeity, Changsha 410008, China.
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21
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Zhu K, Li P, Mo Y, Wang J, Jiang X, Ge J, Huang W, Liu Y, Tang Y, Gong Z, Liao Q, Li X, Li G, Xiong W, Zeng Z, Yu J. Neutrophils: Accomplices in metastasis. Cancer Lett 2020; 492:11-20. [PMID: 32745581 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a critical cause of treatment failure and death in patients with advanced malignancies. Tumor cells can leave the primary site and enter the bloodstream; these circulating tumor cells then colonize target organs by overcoming blood shear stress, evading immune surveillance, and silencing the offensive capabilities of immune cells, eventually forming metastatic foci. From leaving the primary focus to the completion of distant metastasis, malignant tumor cells are supported and/or antagonized by certain immune cells. In particular, it has been found that myeloid granulocytes play an important role in this process. This review therefore aims to comprehensively describe the significance of neutrophils in solid tumor metastasis in terms of their supporting role in initiating the invasion and migration of tumor cells and assisting the colonization of circulating tumor cells in distant target organs, with the hope of providing insight into and ideas for anti-tumor metastasis treatment of tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunjie Zhu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Panchun Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongzhen Mo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianjie Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junshang Ge
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weilun Huang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Jianjun Yu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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22
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The role of CXCR2 in acute inflammatory responses and its antagonists as anti-inflammatory therapeutics. Curr Opin Hematol 2020; 26:28-33. [PMID: 30407218 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW CXCR2 is key stimulant of immune cell migration and recruitment, especially of neutrophils. Alleviating excessive neutrophil accumulation and infiltration could prevent prolonged tissue damage in inflammatory disorders. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of the role of CXCR2 in regulating neutrophil migration and the use of CXCR2 antagonists for therapeutic benefit in inflammatory disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have provided new insights into how CXCR2 signaling regulates hematopoietic cell mobilization and function in both health and disease. We also summarize several CXCR2 regulatory mechanisms during infection and inflammation such as via Wip1, T-bet, P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor, and microbiome. Moreover, we provide an update of studies investigating CXCR2 blockade in the laboratory and in clinical trials. SUMMARY Neutrophil homeostasis, migration, and recruitment must be precisely regulated. The CXCR2 signaling pathway is a potential target for modifying neutrophil dynamics in inflammatory disorders. We discuss the recent clinical use of CXCR2 antagonists for controlling inflammation.
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23
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Wang X, Li Y, Li L, Jiao Z, Liu X, Cheng G, Gu C, Hu X, Zhang W. Porcine CXCR1/2 antagonist CXCL8 (3-72)G31P inhibits lung inflammation in LPS-challenged mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1210. [PMID: 31988368 PMCID: PMC6985246 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57737-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Swine pneumonia is a great threat for pig industry around the world, which is usually accompanied with neutrophils infiltration in the airway. Although interleukin-8 (CXCL8) and its receptors, CXC chemokine receptor 1 and 2 (CXCR1/2) in human have been well documented, the expression and function of CXCR1/2 is still unknown in swine. To explore the feasibility to develop new veterinary anti-inflammatory drugs targeting porcine CXCR1/2, we detected CXCR1/2 expression in swine pneumonia through Real-Time PCR and immunohistochemistry for the first time. Two porcine CXCR1/2 antagonists, CXCL8(3-72)N11R/G31P (pN11R) and CXCL8(3-72)G31P (pG31P) were prepared and their anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated using cell chemotaxis assays and animal experiments. Our data showed that CXCR1/2 expression, which was closely related to neutrophil infiltration in the lung, was significantly up-regulated in swine pneumonia. The pN11R and pG31P could effectively inhibit the directional migration of neutrophils in vitro. In vivo data also indicated that both pN11R and pG31P significantly relieved LPS-induced pneumonia in mice through decreasing the expression of TNF-α, CXCL8, and IL-1β, and inhibiting neutrophil influx into the lung. pG31P was more efficient. Our study suggested that it is possible to develop new veterinary anti-inflammatory drugs targeting porcine CXCR1/2, and pG31P is a promising candidate.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Discovery/methods
- Female
- Immunohistochemistry
- Interleukin-8/metabolism
- Interleukin-8/pharmacology
- Interleukin-8/therapeutic use
- Lipopolysaccharides/adverse effects
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neutrophils/metabolism
- Peptide Fragments/pharmacology
- Peptide Fragments/therapeutic use
- Pneumonia/chemically induced
- Pneumonia/drug therapy
- Pneumonia/pathology
- Pneumonia/veterinary
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, Interleukin-8A/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Interleukin-8A/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-8A/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin-8A/isolation & purification
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/genetics
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/immunology
- Receptors, Interleukin-8B/isolation & purification
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Swine
- Swine Diseases/drug therapy
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Yanchuan Li
- Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Lintao Li
- Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Zhe Jiao
- Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Guofu Cheng
- Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Changqin Gu
- Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Xueying Hu
- Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Wanpo Zhang
- Collage of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
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24
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Szymczak K, Pelletier MGH, Gaines PCW. Quantification of Chemotaxis or Respiratory Burst Using Ex Vivo Culture-Derived Murine Neutrophils. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2087:93-106. [PMID: 31728985 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0154-9_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Two critical functional responses of neutrophils are chemotaxis, a response driven by concentration gradients of chemokines released by infected or inflamed tissues, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), molecules essential to their capacity to kill pathogens. Assays to accurately test each response have been important to assess efficacies of pharmaceuticals predicted to block recruitment of neutrophils or attenuate their ROS production. Identified antagonists to neutrophil functions may help to reduce tissue damage following inflammation. Described are detailed assays to test these functions, along with steps to generate neutrophils from ex vivo-cultured murine bone marrow that produce robust responses in either assay. The first function protocol details a quantitative assay for chemotaxis that involves culture plates with dual chamber wells that separate cells from a chemokine with small pore-sized membranes. Quantitative measurements of cell numbers in the chemokine-containing chamber are performed with either fluorescence or luminescence detection reagents, which provide signals directly proportional to the numbers of migrated cells. Multiwell plates are used for rapidly testing a variety of conditions and/or chemoattractants. Described in the second function protocol is an assay to measure ROS produced by stimulated neutrophils, again using a multiwell platform for rapid, quantitative measurements of several conditions simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Szymczak
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Margery G H Pelletier
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Peter C W Gaines
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA.
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Wang H, Pan L, Liu Z. Neutrophils as a Protagonist and Target in Chronic Rhinosinusitis. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 12:337-347. [PMID: 31394895 PMCID: PMC6787473 DOI: 10.21053/ceo.2019.00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils have traditionally been acknowledged as the first immune cells that are recruited to inflamed tissues during acute inflammation. By contrast, their importance in the context of chronic inflammation has been studied in less depth. Neutrophils can be recruited and are largely present in the nasal mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) both in Asians and in Caucasians. Increased infiltration of neutrophils in patients with CRS has been linked to poor corticosteroid response and disease prognosis. Meanwhile, tissue neutrophils may possess specific phenotypic features distinguishing them from resting blood counterparts and are endowed with particular functions, such as cytokines and chemokines production, thus may contribute to the pathogenesis of CRS. This review aims to summarize our current understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of CRS, with a focus on the roles of neutrophils. We discuss recruitment, function, and regulation of neutrophils in CRS and outline the potential therapeutic strategies targeting neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Prediction of calcification tendency in pediatric cystic adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma by using inflammatory markers, hormone markers, and radiological appearances. Childs Nerv Syst 2019; 35:1173-1180. [PMID: 31062140 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-019-04178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the different levels of inflammatory markers, hormone markers, and radiological appearances between PCACP with and without calcification so as to explore the relationships between these markers and calcification. METHODS The inflammatory markers, hormone markers, and radiological appearances were compared not only between PCACP with and without calcification, but also among its different forms of calcification. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to evaluate the diagnostic significance of all markers between these groups. RESULTS It was showed that the white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count, monocyte count, prognostic nutritional index (PNI), prolactin (PRL), and T1WI signal of cysts were higher in PCACP with calcification than in PCACP without calcification. The neutrophil count was significantly higher in PCACP with eggshell calcification than in other groups. The PCACP with mixed calcification had the highest PRL level in all kinds of PCACP with calcification. Only the area under curve (AUC) values of neutrophil count and PRL level were greater than 0.8. CONCLUSION It is found that inflammation and hormone are related to PCACP's calcification. High neutrophil count and PRL level may indicate possible calcification tendency in PCACP. Improved intracystic therapies based on these results may help to inhibit the formation of calcification in PCACP in future.
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27
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Ijaz HM, Chowdhury W, Lodhi MU, Gulzar Q, Rahim M. A Case of Persistent Asthma Resistant to Available Treatment Options: Management Dilemma. Cureus 2019; 11:e4194. [PMID: 31106094 PMCID: PMC6504033 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.4194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma affects nearly 300 million people worldwide, with 250,000 associated deaths annually. An estimated 5%-10% of patients have severe asthma, while only 1%-2% presented with treatment-resistant or refractory asthma. Currently, the endotype of asthma is divided into T-helper type 2 (Th2) high and Th2-low inflammation endotypes. The Th2-high endotype is characterized by eosinophilic asthma, while the Th2-low endotype is associated with neutrophilia and a pauci-granulocytic profile. The Th2-low endotype carries a high resistance to corticosteroid and bronchodilator therapy, and these patients typically have a severe and acute-onset of symptoms. We present a 57-year-old nonsmoking female with recurrent intensive care unit (ICU) admissions for severe acute asthma exacerbations, resistant to bronchodilator and steroid treatment, requiring mechanical ventilation. Currently, the guidelines for treating neutrophil-predominant Th2-low inflammation asthma have not been established. This creates a management dilemma when encountered with such a patient in clinical practice. We aim to propose targeted treatment options for these severe and potentially fatal asthma patients, with reference to current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasnan M Ijaz
- Internal Medicine, Raleigh General Hospital, Beckley, USA
| | | | | | - Qamar Gulzar
- Internal Medicine, Raleigh General Hospital, Beckley, USA
| | - Mustafa Rahim
- Internal Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, USA
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28
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郭 维, 李 敏. [Clinical and inflammatory phenotypic features of asthmatic patients sensitive to cold stimulation]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019; 39:181-185. [PMID: 30890506 PMCID: PMC6765646 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2019.02.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical symptoms, lung function and airway inflammation phenotype characteristics of asthmatic patients who are sensitive to cold stimulation. METHODS Eighty patients with newly diagnosed bronchial asthma or with mild to moderate acute exacerbation of previously diagnosed bronchial asthma but without regular treatment were selected. According to whether cold air stimulation could induce respiratory symptoms such as cough and wheeze, the patients were divided into cold-insensitive group (45 cases) and cold-sensitive group (35 cases). All the patients were treated with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), long-acting β2 receptor agonist (LABA; salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation, 50 μg/250 μg, twice daily) and montelukast sodium tablets (10 mg, once daily); short-acting β2 receptor agonist (SABA) and/or systemic glucocorticoid (prednisone acetate tablets, 10 mg, once daily; or injection of methylprednisolone sodium succinate, 40 mg) were given if necessary. Asthma Control Test (ACT) score before treatment and at 3 months of treatment was used to assess the clinical symptoms such as cough and wheeze; spirometry was performed to determine lung function impairment and recovery. Blood and induced sputum cell counts were examined to determine the characteristics of airway inflammation. RESULTS The two groups were comparable for age, gender, BMI, proportion of smokers and allergic rhinitis before treatment. The cold-sensitive patients experienced significantly more frequent acute exacerbations than the cold-insensitive patient within 1 year before the visit (P < 0.05), but the use of SABA and glucocorticoid for symptom control during the treatment did not differ significantly between the two groups (P > 0.05). The ACT scores of the cold-sensitive group were significantly lower than those of the cold-insensitive group both before and after the treatment (P < 0.01). Compared with the cold-insensitive patients, the cold-sensitive patients had more obvious impairment of FEV1/FVC% and FEV1%pred before treatment (P < 0.01), and also showed poorer recovery after treatment (P < 0.05). The percentages of eosinophils in blood and induced sputum samples did not differ significantly between the two groups either before and after the treatment, but the percentage of neutrophils was significantly higher in the cold-sensitive group (P < 0.01). In the induced sputum samples collected before treatment, the cell populations consisted mainly of eosinophilic subtype (60%) and neutrophilic subtype (20%) in the cold-insensitive group; in the cold-sensitive patients, the sputum neutrophilic subtype cells increased significantly to 42.86% (P=0.03) and the eosinophilic subtype cells were lowered to 31.43% (P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS The cold-sensitive asthmatic patients experience frequent recurrent and/or aggravated symptoms and have obvious lung function impairment. Different from that in patients with classic asthma, the airway inflammatory phenotype in these patients is characterized by the domination by neutrophilic subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- 维丽 郭
- />重庆医科大学附属第二医院呼吸内科, 重庆 400010Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - 敏超 李
- />重庆医科大学附属第二医院呼吸内科, 重庆 400010Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
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Yang T, Li Y, Lyu Z, Huang K, Corrigan CJ, Ying S, Wang W, Wang C. Characteristics of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Chemokines in Airways of Asthmatics: Relationships with Disease Severity and Infiltration of Inflammatory Cells. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 130:2033-2040. [PMID: 28836545 PMCID: PMC5586170 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.213428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines might contribute to infiltration of inflammatory cells and remodeling in airways of asthma. Although these molecules may be associated with asthma, there is lack of systemic evidence showing which and how important these events are in the disease. We aimed to analyze the concentrations of these molecules in the airways and relationships with disease severity and with airway infiltration of inflammatory cells in a large cohort of asthmatics (n = 70, including 37 mild and 33 moderate/severe asthmatics) compared with controls (n = 30). METHODS Meso scale discovery system and commercial ELISA kits were used to measure the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β; tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α); IL-6; and IL-17 and CC and CXC chemokines CCL2, CCL4, CCL11, CCL13, CCL17, CCL22, and CCL26 and CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of asthmatics and controls. RESULTS The concentrations of IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6, CXCL8 and CXCL10, and CCL4, CCL11, CCL17, and CCL22 were significantly elevated in asthmatics compared with controls (P < 0.05). The concentrations of TNF-α and CXCL8, but not others, were negatively correlated with severity of disease (lung function forced expiratory volume in 1 s) (TNF-α vs. total: r = -0.359, P= 0.002 vs. moderate/severe: r= -0.541, P= 0.001; CXCL8 vs. total: r = -0.327, P= 0.006 vs. moderate/severe: r = -0.625, P= 0.0001, respectively). In addition, concentrations of these two molecules were also correlated with the absolute numbers of infiltrating eosinophils and neutrophils in asthmatic airways. CONCLUSIONS Increased concentrations of TNF-α and CXCL8 are associated with pathogenesis of asthma. Targeting these molecules might provide an alternative therapeutic for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhe Lyu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Kewu Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Chris J Corrigan
- MRC and Asthma Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sun Ying
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; MRC and Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Chen Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
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30
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Chen M, Zheng SH, Yang M, Chen ZH, Li ST. The diagnostic value of preoperative inflammatory markers in craniopharyngioma: a multicenter cohort study. J Neurooncol 2018; 138:113-122. [PMID: 29388032 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-018-2776-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To compare the different levels of preoperative inflammatory markers in peripheral blood samples between craniopharyngioma (CP) and other sellar region tumors so as to explore their differential diagnostic value. The level of white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, platelet, albumin, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived NLR (dNLR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were compared between the CP and other sellar region tumors. A receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic significance of the peripheral blood inflammatory markers and their paired combinations for CP including its pathological types. Patients with CP had higher levels of pre-operative WBC, lymphocyte and PNI. The papillary craniopharyngioma (PCP) group had higher neutrophil count and NLR than the adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) and healthy control groups whereas the ACP group had higher platelet count and PNI than the PCP and healthy control groups. There were not any significant differences in preoperative inflammatory markers between the primary and recurrent CP groups. The AUC values of WBC, neutrophil, NLR + PLR and dNLR + PLR in PCP were all higher than 0.7. Inflammation seems to be closely correlated with CP's development. The preoperative inflammatory markers including WBC, neutrophil, NLR + PLR and dNLR + PLR may differentially diagnose PCP, pituitary tumor (PT) and Rathke cleft cyst (RCC). In addition, some statistical results in this study indirectly proved previous experimental conclusions and strictly matched CP's biological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, XinHua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Shi-Hao Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, XinHua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Ting Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, XinHua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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31
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Pathological Roles of Neutrophil-Mediated Inflammation in Asthma and Its Potential for Therapy as a Target. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:3743048. [PMID: 29359169 PMCID: PMC5735647 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3743048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that undermines the airways. It is caused by dysfunction of various types of cells, as well as cellular components, and is characterized by recruitment of inflammatory cells, bronchial hyperreactivity, mucus production, and airway remodelling and narrowing. It has commonly been considered that airway inflammation is caused by the Th2 immune response, or eosinophilia, which is a hallmark of bronchial asthma pathogenesis. Some patients display a neutrophil-dominant presentation and are characterized with low (or even absent) Th2 cytokines. In recent years, increasing evidence has also suggested that neutrophils play a key role in the development of certain subtypes of asthma. This review discusses neutrophils in asthma and potentially related targeted therapies.
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32
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Morrison MI, Pither TL, Fisher AJ. Pathophysiology and classification of primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:4084-4097. [PMID: 29268419 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.09.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The term primary graft dysfunction (PGD) incorporates a continuum of disease severity from moderate to severe acute lung injury (ALI) within 72 h of lung transplantation. It represents the most significant obstacle to achieving good early post-transplant outcomes, but is also associated with increased incidence of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) subsequently. PGD is characterised histologically by diffuse alveolar damage, but is graded on clinical grounds with a combination of PaO2/FiO2 (P/F) and the presence of radiographic infiltrates, with 0 being absence of disease and 3 being severe PGD. The aetiology is multifactorial but commonly results from severe ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), with tissue-resident macrophages largely responsible for stimulating a secondary 'wave' of neutrophils and lymphocytes that produce severe and widespread tissue damage. Donor history, recipient health and operative factors may all potentially contribute to the likelihood of PGD development. Work that aims to minimise the incidence of PGD in ongoing, with techniques such as ex vivo perfusion of donor lungs showing promise both in research and in clinical studies. This review will summarise the current clinical status of PGD before going on to discuss its pathophysiology, current therapies available and future directions for clinical management of PGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morvern Isabel Morrison
- Institute of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.,Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Thomas Leonard Pither
- Institute of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.,Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew John Fisher
- Institute of Transplantation, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.,Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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33
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Donson AM, Apps J, Griesinger AM, Amani V, Witt DA, Anderson RCE, Niazi TN, Grant G, Souweidane M, Johnston JM, Jackson EM, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Handler MH, Tan AC, Gore L, Virasami A, Gonzalez-Meljem JM, Jacques TS, Martinez-Barbera JP, Foreman NK, Hankinson TC. Molecular Analyses Reveal Inflammatory Mediators in the Solid Component and Cyst Fluid of Human Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2017; 76:779-788. [PMID: 28859336 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlx061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a highly solid and cystic tumor, often causing substantial damage to critical neuroendocrine structures such as the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and optic apparatus. Paracrine signaling mechanisms driving tumor behavior have been hypothesized, with IL-6R overexpression identified as a potential therapeutic target. To identify potential novel therapies, we characterized inflammatory and immunomodulatory factors in ACP cyst fluid and solid tumor components. Cytometric bead analysis revealed a highly pro-inflammatory cytokine pattern in fluid from ACP compared to fluids from another cystic pediatric brain tumor, pilocytic astrocytoma. Cytokines and chemokines with particularly elevated concentrations in ACPs were IL-6, CXCL1 (GRO), CXCL8 (IL-8) and the immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10. These data were concordant with solid tumor compartment transcriptomic data from a larger cohort of ACPs, other pediatric brain tumors and normal brain. The majority of receptors for these cytokines and chemokines were also over-expressed in ACPs. In addition to IL-10, the established immunosuppressive factor IDO-1 was overexpressed by ACPs at the mRNA and protein levels. These data indicate that ACP cyst fluids and solid tumor components are characterized by an inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression pattern. Further study regarding selective cytokine blockade may inform novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Donson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - John Apps
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Andrea M Griesinger
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Vladimir Amani
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Davis A Witt
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Richard C E Anderson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Toba N Niazi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Gerald Grant
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mark Souweidane
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - James M Johnston
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Eric M Jackson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Bette K Kleinschmidt-DeMasters
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Michael H Handler
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Aik-Choon Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Lia Gore
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Alex Virasami
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jose Mario Gonzalez-Meljem
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Thomas S Jacques
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Juan Pedro Martinez-Barbera
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Nicholas K Foreman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Todd C Hankinson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK; Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Miami Children's Hospital, University of Miami/Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California; Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York; Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pathology; Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado; Department of Histopathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, NHS Trust, London, UK; Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program; Pediatric Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital Colorado; and Adult and Child Center for Health Outcomes Research, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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34
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways, and not surprisingly, many myeloid cells play a crucial role in pathogenesis. Antigen-presenting dendritic cells are the first to recognize the allergens, pollutants, and viruses that are implicated in asthma pathogenesis, and subsequently initiate the adaptive immune response by migrating to lymph nodes. Eosinophils are the hallmark of type 2 inflammation, releasing toxic compounds in the airways and contributing to airway remodeling. Mast cells and basophils control both the early- and late-phase allergic response and contribute to alterations in smooth muscle reactivity. Finally, relatively little is known about neutrophils and macrophages in this disease. Although many of these myeloid cells respond well to treatment with inhaled steroids, there is now an increasing armamentarium of targeted biologicals that can specifically eliminate only one myeloid cell population, like eosinophils. It is only with those new tools that we will be able to fully understand the role of myeloid cells in chronic asthma in humans.
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