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Deacon S, Dalleywater W, Peat C, Paine SML, Dineen RA. Disproportionate Expression of ATM in Cerebellar Cortex During Human Neurodevelopment. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:502-511. [PMID: 37120494 PMCID: PMC10951037 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01560-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Cerebellar neurodegeneration is a classical feature of ataxia telangiectasia (A-T), an autosomal recessive condition caused by loss-of-function mutation of the ATM gene, a gene with multiple regulatory functions. The increased vulnerability of cerebellar neurones to degeneration compared to cerebral neuronal populations in individuals with ataxia telangiectasia implies a specific importance of intact ATM function in the cerebellum. We hypothesised that there would be elevated transcription of ATM in the cerebellar cortex relative to ATM expression in other grey matter regions during neurodevelopment in individuals without A-T. Using ATM transcription data from the BrainSpan Atlas of the Developing Human Brain, we demonstrate a rapid increase in cerebellar ATM expression relative to expression in other brain regions during gestation and remaining elevated during early childhood, a period corresponding to the emergence of cerebellar neurodegeneration in ataxia telangiectasia patients. We then used gene ontology analysis to identify the biological processes represented in the genes correlated with cerebellar ATM expression. This analysis demonstrated that multiple processes are associated with expression of ATM in the cerebellum, including cellular respiration, mitochondrial function, histone methylation, and cell-cycle regulation, alongside its canonical role in DNA double-strand break repair. Thus, the enhanced expression of ATM in the cerebellum during early development may be related to the specific energetic demands of the cerebellum and its role as a regulator of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Deacon
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - William Dalleywater
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Charles Peat
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Simon M L Paine
- Department of Neuropathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rob A Dineen
- Mental Health and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, UK.
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Grüning NM, Ralser M. Monogenic Disorders of ROS Production and the Primary Anti-Oxidative Defense. Biomolecules 2024; 14:206. [PMID: 38397443 PMCID: PMC10887155 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the cellular anti-oxidant defense mechanisms, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Redox metabolism, comprising a network of enzymes and genes, serves as a crucial regulator of ROS levels and maintains cellular homeostasis. This review provides an overview of the most important human genes encoding for proteins involved in ROS generation, ROS detoxification, and production of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and the genetic disorders that lead to dysregulation of these vital processes. Insights gained from studies on inherited monogenic metabolic diseases provide valuable basic understanding of redox metabolism and signaling, and they also help to unravel the underlying pathomechanisms that contribute to prevalent chronic disorders like cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana-Maria Grüning
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Markus Ralser
- Department of Biochemistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Garg M, Li L, Godbout R. Role of DDX1 in the oxidative response of ataxia telangiectasia patient-derived fibroblasts. Redox Biol 2024; 69:102988. [PMID: 38096740 PMCID: PMC10761787 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Ataxia Telangiectasia (A-T) is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder characterized by cerebellar neurodegeneration, radiosensitivity, immunodeficiency and a high incidence of lymphomas. A-T is caused by mutations in the ATM gene. While loss of ATM function in DNA repair explains some aspects of A-T pathophysiology such as radiosensitivity and cancer predisposition, other A-T features such as neurodegeneration imply additional roles for ATM outside the nucleus. Emerging evidence suggests that ATM participates in cellular response to oxidative stress, failure of which contributes to the neurodegeneration associated with A-T. Here, we use fibroblasts derived from A-T patients to investigate whether DEAD Box 1 (DDX1), an RNA binding/unwinding protein that functions downstream of ATM in DNA double strand break repair, also plays a role in ATM-dependent cellular response to oxidative stress. Focusing on DDX1 target RNAs that are associated with neurological disorders and oxidative stress response, we show that ATM is required for increased binding of DDX1 to its target RNAs in the presence of arsenite-induced oxidative stress. Our results indicate that DDX1 functions downstream of ATM by protecting specific mRNAs in the cytoplasm of arsenite-treated cells. In keeping with a role for ATM and DDX1 in oxidative stress, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are increased in ATM-deficient as well as DDX1-depleted cells. We propose that reduced levels of cytoplasmic DDX1 RNA targets sensitizes ATM-deficient cells to oxidative stress resulting in increased cell death. This sensitization would be especially detrimental to long-lived highly metabolically active cells such as neurons providing a possible explanation for the neurodegenerative defects associated with A-T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Garg
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1Z2, Canada
| | - Roseline Godbout
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, 11560 University Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1Z2, Canada.
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Sangsefidi ZS, Hosseinzadeh M, Lorzadeh E, Sangsefidi ZS, Salehi-Abarghouei A, Mirzaei M. The association between dietary anti-oxidant quality score and psychological disorders among Iranian adults: a population-based study. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:12-19. [PMID: 36495152 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2153430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence linking relation between dietary antioxidant quality score (DAQS) and psychological disorders is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to assess relationship between DAQSs and psychological disorders including depression, anxiety and stress among Iranian adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data on 7165 participants of the recruitment phase of Yazd Health Study (YaHS) and Taghzieh Mardom-e-Yazd Study (TAMYZ). Dietary intakes and psychological problems were evaluated using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and the validated Iranian version of depression, anxiety and stress scale questionnaire. DAQS was calculated for each person by summing up the assigned scores to a ratio between daily consuming each of the nutrients including vitamin A, C, E, selenium, manganese, zinc and their daily recommended intake (Score of 0 for a ratio of <2/3 and 1 for a ratio of >2/3). Eventually, association between DAQS and psychological disorders was assessed via logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Although no significant relationship was observed between DAQS and psychological disorders in general population, a protective role was found for DAQS against anxiety only in women after adjusting history of chronic disease; age; marital status; education level; smoking status; total energy intake and physical activity level (second tertile versus first tertile: OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.40-0.99). However, this finding was nonsignificant after further adjustment for body mass index. CONCLUSION Average levels of DAQS might be related to psychological distress especially among women. However, more studies are recommended to valid the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Sadat Sangsefidi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Elnaz Lorzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Sangsefidi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi-Abarghouei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Centre, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Wojtara MS, Kang J, Zaman M. Congenital Telangiectatic Erythema: Scoping Review. JMIR DERMATOLOGY 2023; 6:e48413. [PMID: 37796556 PMCID: PMC10587801 DOI: 10.2196/48413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital telangiectatic erythema (CTE), also known as Bloom syndrome, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by below-average height, a narrow face, a red skin rash occurring on sun-exposed areas of the body, and an increased risk of cancer. CTE is one of many genodermatoses and photodermatoses associated with defects in DNA repair. CTE is caused by a mutation occurring in the BLM gene, which causes abnormal breaks in chromosomes. OBJECTIVE We aimed to analyze the existing literature on CTE to provide additional insight into its heredity, the spectrum of clinical presentations, and the management of this disorder. In addition, the gaps in current research and the use of artificial intelligence to streamline clinical diagnosis and the management of CTE are outlined. METHODS A literature search was conducted on PubMed, DOAJ, and Scopus using search terms such as "congenital telangiectatic erythema," "bloom syndrome," and "bloom-torre-machacek." Due to limited current literature, studies published from January 2000 to January 2023 were considered for this review. A total of 49 sources from the literature were analyzed. RESULTS Through this scoping review, the researchers were able to identify several publications focusing on Bloom syndrome. Some common subject areas included the heredity of CTE, clinical presentations of CTE, and management of CTE. In addition, the literature on rare diseases shows the potential advancements in understanding and treatment with artificial intelligence. Future studies should address the causes of heterogeneity in presentation and examine potential therapeutic candidates for CTE and similarly presenting syndromes. CONCLUSIONS This review illuminated current advances in potential molecular targets or causative pathways in the development of CTE as well as clinical features including erythema, increased cancer risk, and growth abnormalities. Future studies should continue to explore innovations in this space, especially in regard to the use of artificial intelligence, including machine learning and deep learning, for the diagnosis and clinical management of rare diseases such as CTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Sara Wojtara
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Jayne Kang
- Department of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Mohammed Zaman
- Department of Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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Zalewska A, Antonowicz B, Szulimowska J, Zieniewska-Siemieńczuk I, Leśniewska B, Borys J, Zięba S, Kostecka-Sochoń P, Żendzian-Piotrowska M, Lo Giudice R, Lo Giudice G, Żukowski P, Maciejczyk M. Mitochondrial Redox Balance of Fibroblasts Exposed to Ti-6Al-4V Microplates Subjected to Different Types of Anodizing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12896. [PMID: 37629077 PMCID: PMC10454109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the high biocompatibility of titanium and its alloys, the need to remove titanium implants is increasingly being debated due to the potential for adverse effects associated with long-term retention. Therefore, new solutions are being sought to enhance the biocompatibility of titanium implants. One of them is to increase the thickness of the passive layer of the implant made of titanium dioxide. We were the first to evaluate the effect of hard-anodized (type II) Ti-6Al-4V alloy discs on the cytotoxicity, mitochondrial function, and redox balance of fibroblasts mitochondria compared to standard-anodized (type III) and non-anodized discs. The study used fibroblasts obtained from human gingival tissue. The test discs were applied to the bottom of 12-well plates. Cells were cultured for 24 h and 7, 14, and 21 days and mitochondria were isolated. We demonstrated the occurrence of oxidative stress in the mitochondria of fibroblasts of all tested groups, regardless of the presence and type of anodization. Type II anodization prevented changes in complex II activity (vs. control). The lowest degree of citrate synthase inhibition occurred in mitochondria exposed to titanium discs with type II anodization. In the last phase of culture, the presence of type II anodization reduced the degree of cytochrome c oxidase inhibition compared to the other tests groups and the control group, and prevented apoptosis. Throughout the experiment, the release of titanium, aluminium, and vanadium ions from titanium discs with a hard-anodized passive layer was higher than from the other titanium discs, but decreased with time. The obtained results proved the existence of dysfunction and redox imbalance in the mitochondria of fibroblasts exposed to hard-anodized titanium discs, suggesting the need to search for new materials perhaps biodegradable in tissues of the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zalewska
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Medical University in Bialystok, 15-278 Bialystok, Poland; (J.S.); (I.Z.-S.); (P.K.-S.)
| | - Bożena Antonowicz
- Dental Surgery Department, Medical University in Bialystok, 15-278 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Julita Szulimowska
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Medical University in Bialystok, 15-278 Bialystok, Poland; (J.S.); (I.Z.-S.); (P.K.-S.)
| | - Izabela Zieniewska-Siemieńczuk
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Medical University in Bialystok, 15-278 Bialystok, Poland; (J.S.); (I.Z.-S.); (P.K.-S.)
| | - Barbara Leśniewska
- Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, University in Bialystok, 15-328 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Jan Borys
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University in Bialystok, 15-278 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Sara Zięba
- PhD School, Medical University in Bialystok, 15-278 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Paula Kostecka-Sochoń
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Medical University in Bialystok, 15-278 Bialystok, Poland; (J.S.); (I.Z.-S.); (P.K.-S.)
| | - Małgorzata Żendzian-Piotrowska
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University in Bialystok, 15-278 Bialystok, Poland; (M.Ż.-P.); (M.M.)
| | - Roberto Lo Giudice
- Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and Evolutive Age G. Barresi, Messina University, 98100 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giusseppe Lo Giudice
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Messina University, 98100 Messina, Italy;
| | - Piotr Żukowski
- Restorative Dentistry Department, Croydon University, London CR9 1DX, UK;
| | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University in Bialystok, 15-278 Bialystok, Poland; (M.Ż.-P.); (M.M.)
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Kuhn K, Lederman HM, McGrath-Morrow SA. Ataxia-telangiectasia clinical trial landscape and the obstacles to overcome. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2023; 32:693-704. [PMID: 37622329 PMCID: PMC10530584 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2023.2249399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ataxia telangiectasia (A-T) is a life-limiting autosomal recessive disease characterized by cerebellar degeneration, ocular telangiectasias, and sinopulmonary disease. Since there is no cure for A-T, the standard of care is primarily supportive. AREAS COVERED We review clinical trials available in PubMed from 1990 to 2023 focused on lessening A-T disease burden. These approaches include genetic interventions, such as antisense oligonucleotides, designed to ameliorate disease progression in patients with select mutations. These approaches also include pharmacologic treatments that target oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial exhaustion, to attenuate neurological progression in A-T. Finally, we discuss the use of biological immunotherapies for the treatment of malignancies and granulomatous disease, along with other supportive therapies being used for the treatment of pulmonary disease and metabolic syndrome. EXPERT OPINION Barriers to successful genetic and pharmacologic interventions in A-T include the need for personalized treatment approaches based on patient-specific ATM mutations and phenotypes, lack of an animal model for the neurologic phenotype, and extreme rarity of disease making large-scale randomized trials difficult to perform. Ongoing efforts are needed to diagnose patients earlier, discover more effective therapies, and include more individuals in clinical trials, with the goal to lessen disease burden and to find a cure for patients with A-T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Kuhn
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States of America
| | - Howard M. Lederman
- Johns Hopkins University Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology and School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Sharon A. McGrath-Morrow
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
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Abe JI, Imanishi M, Li S, Zhang A, Ae Ko K, Samanthapudi VSK, Lee LL, Bojorges AP, Gi YJ, Hobbs BP, Deswal A, Herrmann J, Lin SH, Chini EN, Shen YH, Schadler KL, Nguyen THM, Gupte AA, Reyes-Gibby C, Yeung SCJ, Abe RJ, Olmsted-Davis EA, Krishnan S, Dantzer R, Palaskas NL, Cooke JP, Pownall HJ, Yoshimoto M, Fujiwara K, Hamilton DJ, Burks JK, Wang G, Le NT, Kotla S. An ERK5-NRF2 Axis Mediates Senescence-Associated Stemness and Atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2023; 133:25-44. [PMID: 37264926 PMCID: PMC10357365 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.322017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ERK5 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5) is a dual kinase transcription factor containing an N-terminal kinase domain and a C-terminal transcriptional activation domain. Many ERK5 kinase inhibitors have been developed and tested to treat cancer and inflammatory diseases. However, recent data have raised questions about the role of the catalytic activity of ERK5 in proliferation and inflammation. We aimed to investigate how ERK5 reprograms myeloid cells to the proinflammatory senescent phenotype, subsequently leading to atherosclerosis. METHODS A ERK5 S496A (dephosphorylation mimic) knock in (KI) mouse model was generated using CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated 9), and atherosclerosis was characterized by hypercholesterolemia induction. The plaque phenotyping in homozygous ERK5 S496A KI and wild type (WT) mice was studied using imaging mass cytometry. Bone marrow-derived macrophages were isolated from hypercholesterolemic mice and characterized using RNA sequencing and functional in vitro approaches, including senescence, mitochondria reactive oxygen species, and inflammation assays, as well as by metabolic extracellular flux analysis. RESULTS We show that atherosclerosis was inhibited in ERK5 S496A KI mice. Furthermore, ERK5 S496 phosphorylation mediates both senescence-associated secretory phenotype and senescence-associated stemness by upregulating AHR (aryl hydrocarbon receptor) in plaque and bone marrow-derived macrophages isolated from hypercholesterolemic mice. We also discovered that ERK5 S496 phosphorylation could induce NRF2 (NFE2-related factor 2) SUMOylation at a novel K518 site to inhibit NRF2 transcriptional activity without altering ERK5 catalytic activity and mediates oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-induced senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Specific ERK5 kinase inhibitors (AX15836 and XMD8-92) also inhibited ERK5 S496 phosphorylation, suggesting the involvement of ERK5 S496 phosphorylation in the anti-inflammatory effects of these ERK5 kinase inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS We discovered a novel mechanism by which the macrophage ERK5-NRF2 axis develops a unique senescence-associated secretory phenotype/stemness phenotype by upregulating AHR to engender atherogenesis. The finding of senescence-associated stemness phenotype provides a molecular explanation to resolve the paradox of senescence in proliferative plaque by permitting myeloid cells to escape the senescence-induced cell cycle arrest during atherosclerosis formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-ichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work and were designated as co-first authors
| | - Masaki Imanishi
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work and were designated as co-first authors
| | - Shengyu Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work and were designated as co-first authors
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Texas, and Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist, Weill Cornell Medicine Affiliate, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kyung Ae Ko
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Ling-Ling Lee
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Young Jin Gi
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Brian P. Hobbs
- Department of Population Health, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Anita Deswal
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joerg Herrmann
- Cardio Oncology Clinic, Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Steven H. Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Eduardo N. Chini
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Ying H. Shen
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Keri L. Schadler
- Department of Pediatric Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Thi-Hong-Minh Nguyen
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anisha A. Gupte
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Texas, and Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist, Weill Cornell Medicine Affiliate, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cielito Reyes-Gibby
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Sai-Ching J. Yeung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rei J. Abe
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Sunil Krishnan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nicolas L. Palaskas
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John P. Cooke
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Henry J. Pownall
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Texas, and Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist, Weill Cornell Medicine Affiliate, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Momoko Yoshimoto
- Center for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Keigi Fujiwara
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dale J. Hamilton
- Center for Bioenergetics, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Texas, and Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist, Weill Cornell Medicine Affiliate, Houston, Texas, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Jared K. Burks
- Department of Leukemia, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- These authors were equivalent co-senior authors
| | - Nhat-Tu Le
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA
- These authors were equivalent co-senior authors
| | - Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- These authors were equivalent co-senior authors
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Tiberi J, Segatto M, Fiorenza MT, La Rosa P. Apparent Opportunities and Hidden Pitfalls: The Conflicting Results of Restoring NRF2-Regulated Redox Metabolism in Friedreich's Ataxia Pre-Clinical Models and Clinical Trials. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051293. [PMID: 37238963 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal, recessive, inherited neurodegenerative disease caused by the loss of activity of the mitochondrial protein frataxin (FXN), which primarily affects dorsal root ganglia, cerebellum, and spinal cord neurons. The genetic defect consists of the trinucleotide GAA expansion in the first intron of FXN gene, which impedes its transcription. The resulting FXN deficiency perturbs iron homeostasis and metabolism, determining mitochondrial dysfunctions and leading to reduced ATP production, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and lipid peroxidation. These alterations are exacerbated by the defective functionality of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a transcription factor acting as a key mediator of the cellular redox signalling and antioxidant response. Because oxidative stress represents a major pathophysiological contributor to FRDA onset and progression, a great effort has been dedicated to the attempt to restore the NRF2 signalling axis. Despite this, the beneficial effects of antioxidant therapies in clinical trials only partly reflect the promising results obtained in preclinical studies conducted in cell cultures and animal models. For these reasons, in this critical review, we overview the outcomes obtained with the administration of various antioxidant compounds and critically analyse the aspects that may have contributed to the conflicting results of preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Tiberi
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
- PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Segatto
- Department of Bioscience and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Fiorenza
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
- European Center for Brain Research, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio La Rosa
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via dei Marsi 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
- European Center for Brain Research, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano 64, 00179 Rome, Italy
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Wang R, Huang Y, Yu L, Li S, Li J, Han B, Zheng X, Zhang Z. The role of mitochondrial dynamics imbalance in hexavalent chromium-induced apoptosis and autophagy in rat testis. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 374:110424. [PMID: 36849043 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant that can cause reproductive toxicity. However, the exact mechanism of Cr(VI)-induced testis toxicity remains largely elusive. This study aims to explore the possible molecular mechanism of Cr(VI)-provoked testicular toxicity. Male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with 0, 2, 4, or 6 mg/kg body weight/day of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), respectively, for 5 weeks. The results revealed that Cr(VI)-treated rat testis presented varying degrees of damage in a dose-dependent manner. Concretely, Cr(VI) administration suppressed Sirtuin 1/Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α pathway and led to mitochondrial dynamics disorder, along with the elevation of mitochondrial division and the repression of mitochondrial fusion. Meanwhile, the downstream effector of Sirt1, nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), was downregulated, and correspondingly exacerbated oxidative stress. Mitochondrial dynamics disorder and Nrf2 inhibition collectively contribute to abnormal mitochondrial dynamics in testis, which further promotes apoptosis and autophagy, evidenced by dose-dependently increasing the protein levels and gene expressions of apoptosis-related (including Bcl-2-associated X protein, cytochrome c, and cleaved-caspase 3) and autophagy-related (Beclin-1, ATG4B, and ATG5). Collectively, our results demonstrate that Cr(VI) exposure induced testis apoptosis and autophagy by disrupting the balance of mitochondrial dynamics and the oxidation-reduction process in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yuxiang Huang
- Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, 161000, China
| | - Lu Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Siyu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Biqi Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, China.
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11
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Associations of genes of DNA repair systems with Parkinson’s disease. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2022. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2022-7.6.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Approximately 5–10 % of cases of Parkinson’s disease (PD) are monogenic, in other cases the pathology has a multifactorial etiology. One of recognized pathogenetic pathways of PD is mitochondrial dysfunction, in particular the accumulation of damage in mitochondrial DNA. Hence, the genes of DNA repair proteins are promising candidate genes for multifactorial forms of PD.The aim. To study the involvement of genes of DNA repair proteins in the development of Parkinson’s disease.Materials and methods. The associative analysis was carried out while comparing a group of patients with PD (n = 133) with a Tomsk population sample (n = 344). SNaPshot analysis was used to study 8 SNPs in genes of DNA repair proteins (rs560191 (TP53BP1); rs1805800 and rs709816 (NBN); rs473297 (MRE11A); rs1189037 and rs1801516 (ATM); rs1799977 (MLH1); rs1805321 (PMS2)).Results. Common alleles and homozygous rs1801516 genotypes in the ATM gene predispose the development of PD (odds ratio (OR) – 3.27 (p = 0.000004) and OR = 3.46 (p = 0.00008) for risk alleles and genotype respectively) and rs1799977 in the MLH1 gene (OR = 1.88 (p = 0.0004) and OR = 2.42 (p = 0.00007) respectively); heterozygotes have a protective effect (OR = 0.33 (p = 0.0007) and OR = 0.46 (p = 0.0007) for ATM and MLH1, respectively). The rare rs1805800 allele in the NBN gene (OR = 1.62 (p = 0.019)) and a homozygous genotype for it (OR = 2.28 (p = 0.016)) also predispose to PD. Associations with PD of the ATM, MLH1, NBN genes were revealed for the first time.Conclusion. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the key factors in the pathogenesis of PD, while at least two of the three protein products of associated genes are involved in the development of mitochondrial dysfunction. Accordingly, it can be assumed that associated genes are involved in the pathogenesis of PD precisely through mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Araújo-Vilar D, Fernández-Pombo A, Cobelo-Gómez S, Castro AI, Sánchez-Iglesias S. Lipodystrophy-associated progeroid syndromes. Hormones (Athens) 2022; 21:555-571. [PMID: 35835948 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-022-00386-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
With the exception of HIV-associated lipodystrophy, lipodystrophy syndromes are rare conditions characterized by a lack of adipose tissue, which is not generally recovered. As a consequence, an ectopic deposition of lipids frequently occurs, which usually leads to insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, and hepatic steatosis. These disorders include certain accelerated aging syndromes or progeroid syndromes. Even though each of them has unique clinical features, most show common clinical characteristics that affect growth, skin and appendages, adipose tissue, muscle, and bone and, in some of them, life expectancy is reduced. Although the molecular bases of these Mendelian disorders are very diverse and not well known, genomic instability is frequent as a consequence of impairment of nuclear organization, chromatin structure, and DNA repair, as well as epigenetic dysregulation and mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, the main clinical features of the lipodystrophy-associated progeroid syndromes will be described along with their causes and pathogenic mechanisms, and an attempt will be made to identify which of López-Otín's hallmarks of aging are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Araújo-Vilar
- UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine (Medicine Area), Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS)-IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Antía Fernández-Pombo
- UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine (Medicine Area), Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS)-IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Silvia Cobelo-Gómez
- UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine (Medicine Area), Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS)-IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana I Castro
- Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERobn), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sofía Sánchez-Iglesias
- UETeM-Molecular Pathology Group, Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine (Medicine Area), Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS)-IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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13
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Dihydroquercetin composite nanofibrous membrane prevents UVA radiation-mediated inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress by modulating MAPKs/Nrf2 signaling in human epidermal keratinocytes. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113727. [PMID: 36156260 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a key cause of skin inflammation and photodamage in the environment. Dihydroquercetin composite nanofiber membrane (CPD) is a nano-scale membrane cloth prepared by electrospinning technology. The results in this study showed that CPD could enhance the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and GSH-Px induced by UVA radiation, and reduce the overexpression of ROS. MAPKs/Nrf2 signaling is associated with inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress. Compared with control HaCaT cells, we found that CPD pretreatment prevents MAPK (p-ERK, p-JNK, and p-P38)/Nrf2-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress signaling during UVA exposure pathway overexpression. Immunofluorescence experiments also showed that CPD could reduce the fluorescence intensity of Caspase-3 and TNF-α. These results suggest that CPD may be a successful healing agent that provides reinforcement against UVA-induced oxidative and irritating skin compensation.
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Oxidative stress, aging, antioxidant supplementation and their impact on human health: An overview. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 206:111707. [PMID: 35839856 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aging is characterized by a progressive loss of tissue and organ function due to genetic and environmental factors, nutrition, and lifestyle. Oxidative stress is one the most important mechanisms of cellular senescence and increased frailty, resulting in several age-linked, noncommunicable diseases. Contributing events include genomic instability, telomere shortening, epigenetic mechanisms, reduced proteome homeostasis, altered stem-cell function, defective intercellular communication, progressive deregulation of nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, and metabolic unbalance. These complex events and their interplay can be modulated by dietary habits and the ageing process, acting as potential measures of primary and secondary prevention. Promising nutritional approaches include the Mediterranean diet, the intake of dietary antioxidants, and the restriction of caloric intake. A comprehensive understanding of the ageing processes should promote new biomarkers of risk or diagnosis, but also beneficial treatments oriented to increase lifespan.
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15
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Shams-Rad S, Bidaki R, Nadjarzadeh A, Salehi-Abargouei A, de Courten B, Mirzaei M. The association between major dietary patterns and severe mental disorders symptoms among a large sample of adults living in central Iran: Baseline data of YaHS-TAMYZ cohort study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1121. [PMID: 35659205 PMCID: PMC9167504 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13518-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The diet’s role in developing psychological disorders has been considered by researchers in recent years. Objective To examine the association between major dietary patterns and severe mental disorders symptoms in a large sample of adults living in Yazd city, central Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study used the baseline data of a population-based cohort study (Yazd Health study: YaHS). Dietary intakes were assessed by a multiple-choice semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ, Yazd nutrition survey called TAMYZ). Psychological assessments were also done by using the depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21 (DASS-21) questionnaire. Major dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis (PCA). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and mental disorders symptoms. Results A total of 7574 adults were included in the current analysis. Four major dietary patterns were identified: "Sugar and Fats”, “Processed Meats and Fish”, "Fruits" and “Vegetables and Red Meat”. After adjustment for all confounding variables, participants in the fifth quintile of “Fruits” dietary pattern which was highly correlated with dried fruits, canned fruits, fruit juice, olive, hydrogenated fats and fruits intake, had a lower odds of severe depression (OR=0.61, 95% CI: 0.45–0.81, p for trend=0.057), anxiety (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.50–0.80, p for trend=0.007), and stress, (OR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.30–0.68, p for trend=0.081). Conclusions The intake of a dietary pattern high in dried fruits, canned fruits, fruit juice, olive, hydrogenated fats, and fruits might be inversely associated with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Future prospective studies are needed to warrant this finding. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13518-w.
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16
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Das A, Roy S, Upadhyaya G, Agarwal T, Ray S. NBS1 protein from Physcomitrium patens confers protection against oxidative damage by limiting the accumulation of cellular reactive oxygen species. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 180:81-90. [PMID: 35398654 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 (NBS1) protein is a core member of the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex that plays a crucial role in DNA damage sensing and repair in plants. Here we report that NBS1 from moss Physcomitrium patens reduces oxidative damage by lowering the cellular ROS in addition to its known role in oxidative DNA damage recovery. Real-time transcript analysis showed up-regulation of the PpNBS1 transcript under different stress conditions. Bacterial cells showed better cell survivability upon over-expressing PpNBS1 protein as compared to untransformed cells. Likewise, overexpression of PpNBS1 in tobacco plants provides improved protection against oxidative damage and exhibited a lesser amount of ROS upon exposure to oxidative stress. Moreover, PpNBS1 contributes to the antioxidant defense mechanism by positively regulating the expression of the antioxidant genes under stress conditions in transgenic tobacco plants. PpNBS1 expressing transgenic tobacco plants resulted in lesser membrane damage, lower lipid peroxidation level, and higher chlorophyll content under stress conditions. Taken together, we conclude in addition to its known role as DNA damage sensor, PpNBS1 also plays a definite role in oxidative stress mitigation by minimizing ROS accumulation in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arup Das
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Shuddhanjali Roy
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Gouranga Upadhyaya
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Tanushree Agarwal
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sudipta Ray
- Plant Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
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17
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Kim MJ, Yum MS, Seo GH, Ko TS, Lee BH. Phenotypic and Genetic Complexity in Pediatric Movement Disorders. Front Genet 2022; 13:829558. [PMID: 35719373 PMCID: PMC9198294 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.829558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex and evolving nature of clinical phenotypes have made genetically diagnosing pediatric patients with movement disorders difficult. Here, we describe this diverse complexity in the clinical and genetic features of a pediatric cohort examined by whole-exome sequencing (WES) and demonstrate the clinical benefit of WES as a diagnostic tool in a pediatric cohort. We evaluated 75 patients with diverse single or combined movement phenomenologies using WES. WES identified 42 variants in 37 genes (56.0%). The detection rate was highest in patients with dystonia (11/13, 84.6%), followed by ataxia (21/38, 55.3%), myoclonus (3/6, 50.0%), unspecified dyskinesia (1/4, 25.0%), tremor (1/1, 100%), respectively. Most genetically diagnosed patients (90.5%) were affected by other neurologic or systemic manifestations; congenital hypotonia (66.7%), and epilepsy (42.9%) were the most common phenotypes. The genetic diagnosis changed the clinical management for five patients (6.7%), including treatments targeting molecular abnormalities, and other systemic surveillance such as cancer screening. Early application of WES yields a high diagnostic rate in pediatric movement disorders, which can overcome the limitations of the traditional phenotype-driven strategies due to the diverse phenotypic and genetic complexity. Additionally, this early genetic diagnosis expands the patient’s clinical spectrum and provides an opportunity for tailored treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children’s Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-Sun Yum
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children’s Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Mi-Sun Yum, ; Beom Hee Lee,
| | | | - Tae-Sung Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children’s Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Beom Hee Lee
- Department of Genetics, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Mi-Sun Yum, ; Beom Hee Lee,
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18
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Pastorczak A, Attarbaschi A, Bomken S, Borkhardt A, van der Werff ten Bosch J, Elitzur S, Gennery AR, Hlavackova E, Kerekes A, Křenová Z, Mlynarski W, Szczepanski T, Wassenberg T, Loeffen J. Consensus Recommendations for the Clinical Management of Hematological Malignancies in Patients with DNA Double Stranded Break Disorders. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2000. [PMID: 35454905 PMCID: PMC9029535 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14082000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with double stranded DNA repair disorders (DNARDs) (Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT) and Nijmegen Breakage syndrome (NBS)) are at a very high risk for developing hematological malignancies in the first two decades of life. The most common neoplasms are T-cell lymphoblastic malignancies (T-cell ALL and T-cell LBL) and diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Treatment of these patients is challenging due to severe complications of the repair disorder itself (e.g., congenital defects, progressive movement disorders, immunological disturbances and progressive lung disease) and excessive toxicity resulting from chemotherapeutic treatment. Frequent complications during treatment for malignancies are deterioration of pre-existing lung disease, neurological complications, severe mucositis, life threating infections and feeding difficulties leading to significant malnutrition. These complications make modifications to commonly used treatment protocols necessary in almost all patients. Considering the rarity of DNARDs it is difficult for individual physicians to obtain sufficient experience in treating these vulnerable patients. Therefore, a team of experts assembled all available knowledge and translated this information into best available evidence-based treatment recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Pastorczak
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 91-738 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Andishe Attarbaschi
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, St. Anna Children’s Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon Bomken
- Great North Children’s Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK; (S.B.); (A.R.G.)
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, University Children’s Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Jutte van der Werff ten Bosch
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, University Hospital Brussels, 1090 Jette Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Sarah Elitzur
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Schneider Children’s Medical Center, Petach Tikvah 4920235, Israel;
| | - Andrew R. Gennery
- Great North Children’s Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK; (S.B.); (A.R.G.)
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Eva Hlavackova
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 662 63 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.H.); (Z.K.)
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, St. Anne’s University Hospital in Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 662 63 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Arpád Kerekes
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, St. Anne’s University Hospital in Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 662 63 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Zdenka Křenová
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 662 63 Brno, Czech Republic; (E.H.); (Z.K.)
| | - Wojciech Mlynarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology and Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 91-738 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Szczepanski
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Silesia (SUM), 41-800 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Tessa Wassenberg
- Department of Neurology and Child Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
| | - Jan Loeffen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands;
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Cengiz S, Velioğlu N, Cengiz Mİ, Çakmak Özlü F, Akbal AU, Çoban AY, Özcan M. Cytotoxicity of Acrylic Resins, Particulate Filler Composite Resin and Thermoplastic Material in Artificial Saliva with and without Melatonin. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041457. [PMID: 35208000 PMCID: PMC8877573 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
There is limited information on the effect of melatonin on the cytotoxicity of dental materials. The study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of heat- and auto-polymerized acrylic resin, particulate filler composite resin and a thermoplastic material on L-929 fibroblast cell viability at different incubation periods in artificial saliva without and with melatonin. Disk-shaped specimens were prepared according to each manufacturer’s instructions and divided into two groups to be stored either in artificial saliva (AS) and AS with melatonin (ASM). The measurements were performed using an MTT (3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide) assay, in which the L-929 mouse fibroblasts cell culture was used. For the MTT test, extracts were examined at 1, 24, 72 h and 1 and 2 weeks. Data were analyzed using 3-way ANOVA and Tukey’s tests. No significant difference was found between groups AS and ASM (F = 0.796; p = 0.373). Incubation period significantly affected all materials tested (p < 0.001). Storing resin-based materials in artificial saliva with melatonin solution for 24 h may reduce cytotoxic effects on the fibroblast cells for which the highest effect was observed. Soaking resin prosthesis or orthodontic appliances in artificial saliva with melatonin at least 24 h before intraoral use or rinsing medium containing melatonin may be recommended for decreasing the cytotoxicity of dental resin materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Cengiz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak 67600, Turkey
- Correspondence:
| | - Neslin Velioğlu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Navadent Oral and Dental Health Policlinic, Zonguldak 67000, Turkey;
| | - Murat İnanç Cengiz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak 67600, Turkey;
| | - Fehiye Çakmak Özlü
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun 55270, Turkey;
| | - Ahmet Ugur Akbal
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Samsun Health Directorate, Samsun 55060, Turkey;
| | - Ahmet Yılmaz Çoban
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Institute of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07058, Turkey;
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07058, Turkey
- Tuberculosis Research Center, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07058, Turkey
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland;
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N-acetylcysteine supplementation did not reverse mitochondrial oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation in the salivary glands of hyperglycemic rats. Nutr Diabetes 2021; 11:35. [PMID: 34753902 PMCID: PMC8578428 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-021-00177-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives Previous studies have shown that N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation with the simultaneous inclusion of HFD prevents salivary glands from oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. In this experiment, we examined if NAC supplementation could reverse the harmful effect of HFD on mitochondrial function, reduce the severity of apoptosis, and the activity of pro-oxidative enzymes in the salivary glands of rats with confirmed hyperglycemia. Subjects/methods Wistar rats were fed the standard or high-fat (HFD) diet for 10 weeks. After 6 weeks of the experiment, HFD rats were diagnosed with hyperglycemia and for the next 4 weeks, the animals were given NAC intragastrically. In the mitochondrial fraction of the parotid (PG) and submandibular salivary glands (SMG), we assessed redox status, inflammation, and apoptosis. Results The inclusion of NAC increased the activity of mitochondrial complexes I and II + III as well as decreased the concentration of interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, and caspase-3, but only in the parotid glands of rats with hyperglycemia compared to the HFD group. However, N-acetylcysteine supplementation did not reduce the activity of caspase-9 or the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in PG and SMG mitochondria. In both salivary glands we observed reduced activity of cytochrome c oxidase, NADPH oxidase, and xanthine oxidase, as well as hindered production of ROS and lower ADP/ATP radio, but the levels of these parameters were not comparable to the control group. Conclusions We demonstrated that NAC supplementation restores the glutathione ratio only in the mitochondria of the submandibular salivary glands. The supply of NAC did not significantly affect the other measured parameters. Our results indicate that NAC supplementation provides little protection against free radicals, apoptosis, and inflammation in the salivary gland mitochondria of HFD rats. Stimulated salivary secretion in hyperglycaemic rats supplemented with NAC seems to be closely related to mitochondrial respiratory capacity and appropriate ATP level.
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Antioxidant Barrier and Oxidative Damage to Proteins, Lipids, and DNA/RNA in Adrenal Tumor Patients. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5543531. [PMID: 34239688 PMCID: PMC8241500 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5543531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study is the first to assess redox balance, glutathione metabolism, and oxidative damage to RNA/DNA, proteins, and lipids in the plasma/serum and urine of patients with adrenal masses. The study included 70 patients with adrenal tumors divided into three subgroups: incidentaloma (n = 30), pheochromocytoma (n = 20), and Cushing's/Conn's adenoma (n = 20), as well as 60 healthy controls. Blood and urine samples were collected before elective endoscopic adrenalectomy. Antioxidant defense capacity was significantly decreased (serum/plasma: superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH), uric acid (UA); urine: SOD, GSH, UA) in patients with adrenal masses. The oxidative damage to proteins (advanced glycation end products (AGE), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP)) and lipids (lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) was higher in the plasma and urine of these patients. Plasma MDA and DNA/RNA oxidation products, with high sensitivity and specificity, can help to diagnose pheochromocytoma. This biomarker differentiates patients with pheochromocytoma from Cushing's/Conn's adenoma as well as from heathy controls. Plasma RNA/DNA oxidation was also positively correlated with urine metanephrine. Oxidative stress can play a crucial role in adrenal tumors. However, further studies are required to clarify the role of redox signaling in adrenal masses.
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Farid Aql MM, Bahget SAEG, Kholoussi N, Abdel-Salam GMEH, Abdel Raouf H, Mohamed Eid M, Esmail REB. Telomerase Dysfunction in the Tumorigenesis of Genetic Disorders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2021; 10:56-68. [PMID: 34268254 PMCID: PMC8256828 DOI: 10.22088/ijmcm.bums.10.1.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres are nucleoprotein complexes present at the ends of chromosome to maintain its integrity. Telomere length is maintained by an enzyme called "telomerase". Thus, telomerase activity and telomere length are crucial for the initiation of cancer and tumors survival. Also, oxidative stress will cause DNA, protein, and/or lipid damage, which end with changes in chromosome instability, genetic mutation, and may affect cell growth and lead to cancer. Some genetic diseases such as chromosomal instability syndrome, overgrowth syndrome, and neurofibromatosis make the patients at higher risk for developing different types of cancers. Therefore, we aimed to estimate telomerase activity and oxidative stress in these patients. Blood samples were collected from 31 patients (10 with neurofibromatosis, 11 with chromosomal breakage, and 10 with overgrowth syndrome) and 12 healthy subjects. Blood hTERT mRNA was detected by real time quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). All patients were subjected to chromosomal examination and chromosome breakage study using diepoxybutane method. Moreover, serum glutathione (GSH), glutathione-s-transferase (GST) activity and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured among the control and patients groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the efficiency of telomerase activity as a biomarker for the prediction of cancer occurrence. The relative telomerase activity in neurofibromatosis patients was significantly higher than controls (P = 0.014), while it was non-significantly higher in chromosomal breakage and overgrowth patients (P = 0.424 and 0.129, respectively). NO levels in neurofibromatosis, chromosomal breakage and overgrowth patients significantly increased with respect to control (P = 0.021, 0.002, 0.050, respectively). GSH levels were non-significantly lower in neurofibromatosis and chromosomal breakage patients in comparison with the control group, while it remained unchanged in overgrowth patients. The GST activity was significantly upregulated in neurofibromatosis, chromosomal breakage and overgrowth groups in comparison with the control group (P = 0.001, 0.009, and 0.025, respectively). Chromosomal examination revealed normal karyotype in all four chromosomal breakage patients with positive diepoxybutane test. The results of the present study revealed altered telomerase activity and oxidative stress in the studied genetic disorders. More research studies with a larger number of patients are required to confirm whether this alteration is related to cancer occurrence risk or not.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Naglaa Kholoussi
- Immunogenetic Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Ricci A, Orazi S, Biancucci F, Magnani M, Menotta M. The nucleoplasmic interactions among Lamin A/C-pRB-LAP2α-E2F1 are modulated by dexamethasone. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10099. [PMID: 33980953 PMCID: PMC8115688 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is a rare genetic neurodegenerative disease. To date, there is no available cure for the illness, but the use of glucocorticoids has been shown to alleviate the neurological symptoms associated with AT. While studying the effects of dexamethasone (dex) in AT fibroblasts, by chance we observed that the nucleoplasmic Lamin A/C was affected by the drug. In addition to the structural roles of A-type lamins, Lamin A/C has been shown to play a role in the regulation of gene expression and cell cycle progression, and alterations in the LMNA gene is cause of human diseases called laminopathies. Dex was found to improve the nucleoplasmic accumulation of soluble Lamin A/C and was capable of managing the large chromatin Lamin A/C scaffolds contained complex, thus regulating epigenetics in treated cells. In addition, dex modified the interactions of Lamin A/C with its direct partners lamin associated polypeptide (LAP) 2a, Retinoblastoma 1 (pRB) and E2F Transcription Factor 1 (E2F1), regulating local gene expression dependent on E2F1. These effects were differentially observed in both AT and wild type (WT) cells. To our knowledge, this is the first reported evidence of the role of dex in Lamin A/C dynamics in AT cells, and may represent a new area of research regarding the effects of glucocorticoids on AT. Moreover, future investigations could also be extended to healthy subjects or to other pathologies such as laminopathies since glucocorticoids may have other important effects in these contexts as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Ricci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via A. Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Sara Orazi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via A. Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Federica Biancucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via A. Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via A. Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy
| | - Michele Menotta
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via A. Saffi 2, 61029, Urbino, Italy.
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Babushkina NP, Postrigan AE, Kucher AN. Involvement of Variants in the Genes Encoding BRCA1-Associated Genome Surveillance Complex (BASC) in the Development of Human Common Diseases. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893321020047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lasisi TJ, Shittu STT, Abeje JI, Ogunremi KJ, Shittu SA. Paradoxical sleep deprivation induces oxidative stress in the submandibular glands of Wistar rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 33:399-408. [PMID: 33878251 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Paradoxical sleep deprivation has been associated with impaired salivary secretion in rats. However, the mechanism that underlies this is not known. Therefore, this study assessed salivary and serum oxidative stress levels following paradoxical sleep deprivation in rats. METHODS Twenty-one male Wistar rats randomly divided into three groups of seven rats each as; Control (C); partial sleep-deprived (PSD); and total sleep-deprived (TSD) were used. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase activities were evaluated in saliva, serum, and submandibular glands after seven days of sleep deprivation. Data were expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean and analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD post hoc, and Pearson's correlation tests. RESULTS Serum MDA levels were significantly higher in both the TSD and PSD groups compared to the control group whereas only the TSD group showed higher submandibular MDA levels compared to the PSD group and the control group. Submandibular SOD activity was significantly lower in both the TSD and PSD groups compared to the control group. Serum catalase activity was significantly lower in the TSD group only compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS These results have demonstrated for the first time that paradoxical sleep deprivation was associated with changes in the oxidant/antioxidant defense system in the submandibular salivary glands of male Wistar rats which may contribute to impairment in salivary secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taye J Lasisi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Oral Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Shehu-Tijani T Shittu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Jude I Abeje
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Kehinde J Ogunremi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Seyyid A Shittu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Salivary Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Stroke Patients: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5545330. [PMID: 33897941 PMCID: PMC8052150 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5545330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral stroke is a serious worldwide health problem, as can be seen by the global epidemic of the disease. In this disorder, when the blood flow is compromised by ruptures or blocked arteries, sudden death of neurons is observed as a result of a lack of oxygen and nutrients. Numerous severe problems and frequent complications also exist in stroke patients; therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic, diagnostic, and prognostic methods for the disease. At present, the diagnosis of stroke is based on a neurological examination, medical history, and neuroimaging, due to the fact that rapid and noninvasive diagnostic tests are unavailable. Nevertheless, oxidative stress and inflammation are considered key factors in stroke pathogenesis. Oxygen free radicals are responsible for oxidation of lipids, proteins, and DNA/RNA, which in turn contributes to oxidative damage of the brain. Toxic products of the oxidation reactions act cytostatically on the cell by damaging cell membranes and leading to neuronal death by apoptosis or necrosis. Thus, it seems that redox/inflammatory biomarkers might be used in the diagnosis of the disease. Nowadays, saliva is of increasing interest in clinical laboratory medicine. Redox biomarkers could be obtained easily, noninvasively, cheaply, and stress-free from saliva. This minireview is aimed at presenting the current knowledge concerning the use of salivary biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in the diagnosis and prognosis of stroke.
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Ogulur I, Ertuzun T, Kocamis B, Kendir Demirkol Y, Uyar E, Kiykim A, Baser D, Yesil G, Akturk H, Somer A, Ozen A, Karakoc-Aydiner E, Muftuoglu M, Baris S. Parents of ataxia-telangiectasia patients display a distinct cellular immune phenotype mimicking ATM-mutated patients. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2021; 32:349-357. [PMID: 33012025 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterozygous relatives of ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) patients are at an increased risk for certain AT-related manifestations. We also show that there is an increase of infection frequency in parents of AT patients. Thus, we hypothesized that the parents might exhibit immune alterations similar to their affected children. METHODS Lymphocyte phenotyping to enumerate T- and B-cell subsets was performed. Functional analyses included in vitro quantified γ-H2AX, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase-9 proteins. Chromosomal instability was determined by comet assay. RESULTS We analyzed 20 AT patients (14F/6M), 31 parents (16F/15M), and 35 age-matched healthy controls. The AT patients' parents exhibited low frequency of naive CD4+ T- (n = 14, 45%) and recent thymic emigrants (n = 11, 35%) in comparison with the age-matched healthy donors. Interestingly, parents with low naive T cells also demonstrated high rate of recurrent infections (9/14, 64%). In comparison with age-matched controls, parents who had recurrent infections and low naive T cells showed significantly higher baseline γ-H2AX levels and H2 O2 -induced DNA damage as well as increased cleaved caspase-9 and PARP proteins. CONCLUSION Parents of AT patients could present with recurrent infections and display cellular defects that mimic AT patients. The observed immunological changes could be associated with increased DNA double-strand breaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Ogulur
- Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tugce Ertuzun
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burcu Kocamis
- Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Kendir Demirkol
- Department of Pediatric Genetics, Umraniye Education and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Uyar
- Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayca Kiykim
- Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Baser
- Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gozde Yesil
- Department of Genetic, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hacer Akturk
- Division of Pediatric Infections, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayper Somer
- Division of Pediatric Infections, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ozen
- Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Karakoc-Aydiner
- Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meltem Muftuoglu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Safa Baris
- Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.,Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
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Bloom syndrome DNA helicase deficiency is associated with oxidative stress and mitochondrial network changes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2157. [PMID: 33495511 PMCID: PMC7835382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81075-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bloom Syndrome (BS; OMIM #210900; ORPHA #125) is a rare genetic disorder that is associated with growth deficits, compromised immune system, insulin resistance, genome instability and extraordinary predisposition to cancer. Most efforts thus far have focused on understanding the role of the Bloom syndrome DNA helicase BLM as a recombination factor in maintaining genome stability and suppressing cancer. Here, we observed increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA base damage in BLM-deficient cells, as well as oxidative-stress-dependent reduction in DNA replication speed. BLM-deficient cells exhibited increased mitochondrial mass, upregulation of mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), higher ATP levels and increased respiratory reserve capacity. Cyclin B1, which acts in complex with cyclin-dependent kinase CDK1 to regulate mitotic entry and associated mitochondrial fission by phosphorylating mitochondrial fission protein Drp1, fails to be fully degraded in BLM-deficient cells and shows unscheduled expression in G1 phase cells. This failure to degrade cyclin B1 is accompanied by increased levels and persistent activation of Drp1 throughout mitosis and into G1 phase as well as mitochondrial fragmentation. This study identifies mitochondria-associated abnormalities in Bloom syndrome patient-derived and BLM-knockout cells and we discuss how these abnormalities may contribute to Bloom syndrome.
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Lynch DR, Johnson J. Omaveloxolone: potential new agent for Friedreich ataxia. Neurodegener Dis Manag 2021; 11:91-98. [PMID: 33430645 DOI: 10.2217/nmt-2020-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to ataxia, dyscoordination, dysarthria and in many individuals vision and hearing loss. It is associated with cardiomyopathy, the leading cause of death in Friedreich ataxia (FRDA), diabetes and scoliosis. There are no approved therapies, but elucidation of the pathophysiology of FRDA suggest that agents that increase the activity of the transcription factor Nrf2 may provide a mechanism for ameliorating disease progression or severity. In this work, we review the evidence for use of omaveloxolone in FRDA from recent clinical trials. Though not at present approved for any indication, the present data suggest that this agent acting though increases in Nrf2 activity may provide a novel therapy for FRDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Lynch
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Neurology & Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joseph Johnson
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Systems Pharmacology & Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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30
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Pagano G, Tiano L, Pallardó FV, Lyakhovich A, Mukhopadhyay SS, Di Bartolomeo P, Zatterale A, Trifuoggi M. Re-definition and supporting evidence toward Fanconi Anemia as a mitochondrial disease: Prospects for new design in clinical management. Redox Biol 2021; 40:101860. [PMID: 33445068 PMCID: PMC7806517 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) has been investigated since early studies based on two definitions, namely defective DNA repair and proinflammatory condition. The former definition has built up the grounds for FA diagnosis as excess sensitivity of patients’ cells to xenobiotics as diepoxybutane and mitomycin C, resulting in typical chromosomal abnormalities. Another line of studies has related FA phenotype to a prooxidant state, as detected by both in vitro and ex vivo studies. The discovery that the FA group G (FANCG) protein is found in mitochondria (Mukhopadhyay et al., 2006) has been followed by an extensive line of studies providing evidence for multiple links between other FA gene products and mitochondrial dysfunction. The fact that FA proteins are encoded by nuclear, not mitochondrial DNA does not prevent these proteins to hamper mitochondrial function, as it is recognized that most mitochondrial proteins are of nuclear origin. This body of evidence supporting a central role of mitochondrial dysfunction, along with redox imbalance in FA, should lead to the re-definition of FA as a mitochondrial disease. A body of literature has demonstrated the beneficial effects of mitochondrial cofactors, such as α-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q10, and carnitine on patients affected by mitochondrial diseases. Altogether, this re-definition of FA as a mitochondrial disease and the prospect use of mitochondrial nutrients may open new gateways toward mitoprotective strategies for FA patients. These strategies are expected to mitigate the mitochondrial dysfunction and prooxidant state in FA patients, and potentially protect transplanted FA patients from post-transplantation malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Pagano
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, I-80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnical University of Marche, I-60121, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federico V Pallardó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia-INCLIVA, CIBERER, E-46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alex Lyakhovich
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics of the "Federal Research Center of Fundamental and Translational Medicine", 630117, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sudit S Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India
| | | | | | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Federico II Naples University, I-80126, Naples, Italy
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ATM inhibition enhances Auranofin-induced oxidative stress and cell death in lung cell lines. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244060. [PMID: 33338048 PMCID: PMC7748142 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ataxia-Telangiectasia (A-T), a pleiotropic chromosomal breakage syndrome, is caused by the loss of the kinase Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM). ATM is not only involved in the response to DNA damage, but also in sensing and counteracting oxidative stress. Since a disturbed redox balance has been implicated in the pathophysiology of A-T lung disease, we aimed to further explore the interplay between ATM and oxidative stress in lung cells. Using a kinetic trapping approach, we could demonstrate an interaction between the trapping mutant TRX1-CS and ATM upon oxidative stress. We could further show that combined inhibition of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and ATM kinase activity, using Auranofin and KU55933 respectively, induced an increase in cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and protein oxidation in lung cells. Furthermore, ATM inhibition sensitized lung cells to Auranofin-induced cell death that could be rescued by ROS scavengers. As a consequence, targeted reduction of ATM by TRX1 could serve as a regulator of oxidative ATM activation and contribute to the maintenance of the cellular redox homeostasis. These results highlight the importance of the redox-active function of ATM in preventing ROS accumulation and cell death in lung cells.
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Zieniewska I, Maciejczyk M, Zalewska A. The Effect of Selected Dental Materials Used in Conservative Dentistry, Endodontics, Surgery, and Orthodontics as Well as during the Periodontal Treatment on the Redox Balance in the Oral Cavity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249684. [PMID: 33353105 PMCID: PMC7767252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is a redox homeostasis disorder that results in oxidation of cell components and thus disturbs cell metabolism. OS is induced by numerous internal as well as external factors. According to recent studies, dental treatment may also be one of them. The aim of our work was to assess the effect of dental treatment on the redox balance of the oral cavity. We reviewed literature available in PubMed, Medline, and Scopus databases, including the results from 2010 to 2020. Publications were searched according to the keywords: oxidative stress and dental monomers; oxidative stress and amalgam; oxidative stress and periodontitis, oxidative stress and braces, oxidative stress and titanium; oxidative stress and dental implants, oxidative stress and endodontics treatment, oxidative stress and dental treatment; and oxidative stress and dental composite. It was found that dental treatment with the use of composites, amalgams, glass-ionomers, materials for root canal filling/rinsing, orthodontic braces (made of various metal alloys), titanium implants, or whitening agents can disturb oral redox homeostasis by affecting the antioxidant barrier and increasing oxidative damage to salivary proteins, lipids, and DNA. Abnormal saliva secretion/composition was also observed in dental patients in the course of OS. It is suggested that the addition of antioxidants to dental materials or antioxidant therapy applied during dental treatment could protect the patient against harmful effects of OS in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Zieniewska
- Doctoral Studies, Medical University of Bialystok, 24a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (I.Z.); (A.Z.)
| | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-022 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Anna Zalewska
- Experimental Dentistry Laboratory, Medical University of Bialystok, 24a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (I.Z.); (A.Z.)
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The Role of Exosomal microRNAs and Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3232869. [PMID: 33193999 PMCID: PMC7641266 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3232869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are aging-associated diseases with irreversible damage of brain tissue. Oxidative stress is commonly detected in neurodegenerative diseases and related to neuronal injury and pathological progress. Exosome, one of the extracellular vesicles, is demonstrated to carry microRNAs (miRNAs) and build up a cell-cell communication in neurons. Recent research has found that exosomal miRNAs regulate the activity of multiple physiological pathways, including the oxidative stress response, in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the role of exosomal miRNAs and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Firstly, we explore the relationship between oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases. Secondly, we introduce the characteristics of exosomes and roles of exosome-related miRNAs. Thirdly, we summarized the crosstalk between exosomal miRNAs and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Fourthly, we discuss the potential of exosomes to be a biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we summarize the advantages of exosome-based delivery and present situation of research on exosome-based delivery of therapeutic miRNA. Our work is aimed at probing and reinforcing the recognition of the pathomechanism of neurodegenerative diseases and providing the basis for novel strategies of clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Association of Oxidative Stress on Pregnancy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6398520. [PMID: 33014274 PMCID: PMC7512072 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6398520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiological mechanism underlying pregnancy complications such as congenital malformations, miscarriage, preeclampsia, or fetal growth restriction is not entirely known. However, the negative impact of the mother's body oxidative imbalance on the fetus and the course of gestation is increasingly discussed. This article is an integrative review of some original studies and review papers on the effects of oxidative stress on the adverse pregnancy outcomes mainly birth defects in fetuses. A systematic search for English language articles published from 2010 until 2020 was made, using MEDLINE data. Additionally, we analyzed the Cochrane and Scopus databases, discussions with experts, and a review of bibliography of articles from scientifically relevant and valuable sources. The main purposes are to assess the contribution of the existing literature of associations of oxidative stress on the etiology of the abovementioned conditions and to identify relevant information and outline existing knowledge. Furthermore, the authors aim to find any gaps in the research, thereby providing grounds for our own research. The key search terms were "oxidative stress in pregnancy," "oxidative stress and congenital malformations," and "oxidative stress and adverse pregnancy outcomes." Studies have confirmed that oxidative stress has a significant impact on pregnancy and is involved in the pathomechanism of adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Angeloni C, Gatti M, Prata C, Hrelia S, Maraldi T. Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Counteracting Oxidative Stress-Related Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093299. [PMID: 32392722 PMCID: PMC7246730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases include a variety of pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and so forth, which share many common characteristics such as oxidative stress, glycation, abnormal protein deposition, inflammation, and progressive neuronal loss. The last century has witnessed significant research to identify mechanisms and risk factors contributing to the complex etiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as genetic, vascular/metabolic, and lifestyle-related factors, which often co-occur and interact with each other. Apart from several environmental or genetic factors, in recent years, much evidence hints that impairment in redox homeostasis is a common mechanism in different neurological diseases. However, from a pharmacological perspective, oxidative stress is a difficult target, and antioxidants, the only strategy used so far, have been ineffective or even provoked side effects. In this review, we report an analysis of the recent literature on the role of oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases as well as in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, retinal ganglion cells, and ataxia. Moreover, the contribution of stem cells has been widely explored, looking at their potential in neuronal differentiation and reporting findings on their application in fighting oxidative stress in different neurodegenerative diseases. In particular, the exposure to mesenchymal stem cells or their secretome can be considered as a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance antioxidant capacity and neurotrophin expression while inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, which are common aspects of neurodegenerative pathologies. Further studies are needed to identify a tailored approach for each neurodegenerative disease in order to design more effective stem cell therapeutic strategies to prevent a broad range of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Angeloni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy;
| | - Martina Gatti
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy; (M.G.); (T.M.)
| | - Cecilia Prata
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, Corso d’Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Tullia Maraldi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, 41124 Modena, Italy; (M.G.); (T.M.)
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Miki T, Eguchi M, Kochi T, Akter S, Hu H, Kashino I, Kuwahara K, Kabe I, Nanri A, Mizoue T. Prospective study on the association between dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity and depressive symptoms. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 36:91-98. [PMID: 32220374 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Oxidative stress has been suggested to play an important role in the pathophysiology of depression, and a diet high in antioxidants may improve mood. However, studies addressing this issue are scarce. The aim of this cohort study was to investigate the prospective association between dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC) in overall diet and depressive symptoms in Japanese employees. Additionally, we examined the association separated by dietary NEAC sources. METHOD Participants were 911 workers without depressive symptoms at baseline and participated in 3-y follow-up survey. Dietary NEAC was determined from a database of NEAC measurements obtained by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Dietary NEAC was calculated by multiplying the estimated NEAC values with the consumed amount and summing up those values. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios of depressive symptoms according to overall NEAC and separately from foods and beverages. RESULTS At 3-y follow-up, 153 (16.8%) workers were newly identified as having depressive symptom. No significant associations were found between higher level of overall dietary NEAC and decreased risk of depressive symptoms after adjustment for potential confounders (overall: FRAP, P for trend = 0.19 and ORAC, P for trend = 0.20). Likewise, neither higher dietary NEAC from foods nor beverages were related with lower depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION Our findings did not support an inverse association between dietary NEAC and the risk of depressive symptoms in Japanese workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Miki
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masafumi Eguchi
- Department of Health Administration, Furukawa Electric Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kochi
- Department of Health Administration, Furukawa Electric Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shamima Akter
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Huan Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuko Kashino
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kuwahara
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Akiko Nanri
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Food and Health Sciences, International College of Arts and Sciences, Fukuoka Women's University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress in Psoriatic Patients: Can Salivary Total Oxidant Status and Oxidative Status Index Be a Plaque Psoriasis Biomarker? OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:9086024. [PMID: 31998446 PMCID: PMC6964728 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9086024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our research was to evaluate redox balance parameters and biomarkers of oxidative stress (OS) in nonstimulated and stimulated saliva as well as the blood of patients with plaque psoriasis compared to healthy controls. The study involved 40 patients with plaque psoriasis and 40 generally healthy subjects matched by age and gender to the study group patients. We assayed the concentration/activity of antioxidant enzymes: salivary peroxidase (Px), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) measured in unstimulated saliva (NWS), stimulated saliva (SWS), and erythrocytes. In plasma as well as NWS and SWS, we measured the concentration/activity of reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant potential (TAC), total oxidative status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and markers of oxidative modification of proteins: advanced glycation end products (AGE), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and lipid oxidation products: malondialdehyde (MDA) and total lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH). In NWS and SWS, we also evaluated the rate of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The concentration of Px, CAT, and SOD was significantly higher in NWS of patients with plaque psoriasis vs. healthy subjects. In SWS of psoriatic patients, we observed considerably higher concentration of Px and CAT, and in erythrocytes of patients with plaque psoriasis, the concentration of GPx and CAT was significantly higher compared to that in the controls. The levels of AOPP, AGE, MDA, and LOOH were considerably higher in NWS, SWS, and plasma of the study group compared to the controls. The concentration of total protein and salivary amylase was significantly lower in NWS and SWS of psoriatic patients compared to the healthy control. In the course of plaque psoriasis, we observed redox imbalances with prevalence of oxidation reactions. Mechanisms involved in the synthesis/secretion of proteins and activity of amylase were depressed in both glands of psoriatic patients; however, they were more inhibited in the parotid gland compared to the submandibular gland. TOS concentration and OSI value in NWS and SWS may serve as diagnostic biomarkers of plaque psoriasis.
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Sawczuk B, Maciejczyk M, Sawczuk-Siemieniuk M, Posmyk R, Zalewska A, Car H. Salivary Gland Function, Antioxidant Defence and Oxidative Damage in the Saliva of Patients with Breast Cancer: Does the BRCA1 Mutation Disturb the Salivary Redox Profile? Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101501. [PMID: 31597313 PMCID: PMC6826655 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a key role in breast cancer progression. However, little is still known about the relationship between the BRCA1 mutation, the incidence of breast cancer and oral homeostasis. This is the first study to evaluate the secretory function of salivary glands, biomarkers of redox balance, and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in the saliva of subjects with the BRCA1 mutation. Ninety eight women were enrolled in the study and allocated to four groups based on molecular DNA testing: generally healthy patients without the BRCA1 mutation, patients with breast cancer but without the BRCA1 mutation, generally healthy patients with the BRCA1 mutation, and patients with both breast cancer and the BRCA1 mutation. We demonstrated that saliva from breast cancer patients with the BRCA1 mutation is characterized by enhanced antioxidant capacity and a higher degree of oxidative damage to proteins and lipids. The BRCA1 mutation can cause a predisposition to early salivary gland dysfunction, both in patients with breast cancer and in healthy individuals, leading to a decrease in salivary proteins. Using cluster analysis, we showed that salivary peroxidase, advanced glycation end-products (AGE), total antioxidant status (TAS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) may have particular clinical significance in non-invasive diagnostics of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Sawczuk
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej 24a, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | | | - Renata Posmyk
- Department of Perinatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej 24a, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Anna Zalewska
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowskiej 24a, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Halina Car
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15a, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland.
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Maciejczyk M, Heropolitanska-Pliszka E, Pietrucha B, Sawicka-Powierza J, Bernatowska E, Wolska-Kusnierz B, Pac M, Car H, Zalewska A, Mikoluc B. Antioxidant Defense, Redox Homeostasis, and Oxidative Damage in Children With Ataxia Telangiectasia and Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2322. [PMID: 31611883 PMCID: PMC6776633 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) and Nijmegen breakage syndrome (NBS) belong to a group of primary immunodeficiency diseases (PI) characterized by premature aging, cerebral degeneration, immunoglobulin deficiency and higher cancer susceptibility. Despite the fact that oxidative stress has been demonstrated in vitro and in animal models of AT and NBS, the involvement of redox homeostasis disorders is still unclear in the in vivo phenotype of AT and NBS patients. Our study is the first to compare both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants as well as oxidative damage between AT and NBS subjects. Twenty two Caucasian children with AT and twelve patients with NBS were studied. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants – glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD) and uric acid (UA); redox status—total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP); and oxidative damage products−8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), advanced glycation end products (AGE), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) protein adducts, and 8-isoprostanes (8-isop) were evaluated in serum or plasma samples. We showed that CAT, SOD and UA were significantly increased, while TAC and FRAP levels were statistically lower in the plasma of AT patients compared to controls. In NBS patients, only CAT activity was significantly elevated, while TAC was significantly decreased as compared to healthy children. We also showed higher oxidative damage to DNA (↑8-OHdG), proteins (↑AGE, ↑AOPP), and lipids (↑4-HNE, ↑8-isop) in both AT and NBS patients. Interestingly, we did not demonstrate any significant differences in the antioxidant defense and oxidative damage between AT and NBS patients. However, in AT children, we showed a positive correlation between 8-OHdG and the α-fetoprotein level as well as a negative correlation between 8-OHdG and IgA. In NBS, AGE was positively correlated with IgM and negatively with the IgG level. Summarizing, we demonstrated an imbalance in cellular redox homeostasis and higher oxidative damage in AT and NBS patients. Despite an increase in the activity/concentration of some antioxidants, the total antioxidant capacity is overwhelmed in children with AT and NBS and predisposes them to more considerable oxidative damage. Oxidative stress may play a major role in AT and NBS phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Barbara Pietrucha
- Clinical Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Bernatowska
- Clinical Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata Pac
- Clinical Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Halina Car
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Anna Zalewska
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Bozena Mikoluc
- Department of Pediatrics, Rheumatology, Immunology and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Mironova GD, Pavlik LL, Kirova YI, Belosludtseva NV, Mosentsov AA, Khmil NV, Germanova EL, Lukyanova LD. Effect of hypoxia on mitochondrial enzymes and ultrastructure in the brain cortex of rats with different tolerance to oxygen shortage. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2019; 51:329-340. [PMID: 31342235 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-019-09806-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial structure and the contents of subunits (NDUFV2, SDHA, Cyt b, COX1) of mitochondrial respiratory complexes I-IV as well as of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α) in the brain cortex (BC) of rats with high resistance (HR) and low resistance (LR) to hypoxia were studied for the first time depending on the severity of hypoxia. Different regimes of 30-min hypobaric hypoxia (pO2 14, 10, and 8%) were used. It was found that cortical mitochondria responded to 30-min hypobaric hypoxia of different severity with typical and progressing changes in mitochondrial structure and function of mitochondrial enzymes. Under 14 and 10% hypoxia, animals developed compensatory structural and metabolic responses aimed at supporting the cell energy homeostasis. Consequently, these hypoxia regimes can be used for treatment in pressure chambers. At the same time, decreasing the oxygen concentration in the inhaled air to 8% led to the appearance of destructive processes in brain mitochondria. The features of mitochondrial ultrastructure and the function of respiratory enzymes in the BC of HR and LR rats exposed to normoxic and hypoxic conditions suggest that the two types of animals had two essentially distinct functional and metabolic patterns determined by different efficiency of the energy apparatus. The development of adaptive and destructive responses involved different metabolic pathways of the oxidation of energy substrates and different efficiency of the functioning of mitochondrial respiratory carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina D Mironova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia. .,Pushchino State Institute of Natural Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
| | - Lubov L Pavlik
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.,Pushchino State Institute of Natural Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Yulia I Kirova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, 125315, Russia
| | - Natalia V Belosludtseva
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.,Pushchino State Institute of Natural Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Alexey A Mosentsov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Natalya V Khmil
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya st. 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Elita L Germanova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, 125315, Russia
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Chessa
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Martino Ruggieri
- Unit of Rare Diseases of the Nervous System in Childhood, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Agata Polizzi
- Chair of Pediatrics, Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Żebrowska E, Maciejczyk M, Żendzian-Piotrowska M, Zalewska A, Chabowski A. High Protein Diet Induces Oxidative Stress in Rat Cerebral Cortex and Hypothalamus. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071547. [PMID: 30925663 PMCID: PMC6480352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first study to analyze the impact of high protein diet (HPD) on antioxidant defense, redox status, as well as oxidative damage on both a local and systemic level. Male Wistar rats were divided into two equal groups (n = 9): HPD (44% protein) and standard diet (CON; 24.2% protein). After eight weeks, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), reduced glutathione (GSH), uric acid (UA), total antioxidant (TAC)/oxidant status (TOS) as well as advanced glycation end products (AGE), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed in the serum/plasma, cerebral cortex, and hypothalamus of HPD and CON rats. HPD resulted in higher UA concentration and activity of GPx and CAT in the hypothalamus, whereas in the cerebral cortex these parameters remained unchanged. A significantly lower GSH content was demonstrated in the plasma and hypothalamus of HPD rats when compared to CON rats. Both brain structures expressed higher content of 4-HNE and MDA, whereas AGE was increased only in the hypothalamus of HPD animals. Despite the enhancement in antioxidant defense in the hypothalamus, this mechanism does not protect the hypothalamus from oxidative damage in rats. Hypothalamus is more susceptible to oxidative stress caused by HPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Żebrowska
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
| | | | - Anna Zalewska
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland.
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Aghamohammadi A, Akrami SM, Yaghmaie M, Rezaei N, Azizi G, Yaseri M, Nosrati H, Zaki-Dizaji M. Individual Radiosensitivity Assessment of the Families of Ataxia-Telangiectasia Patients by G2-Checkpoint Abrogation. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2019; 18:e440-e446. [PMID: 30988961 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2018.18.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder characterised by cerebellar degeneration, telangiectasia, radiation sensitivity, immunodeficiency, oxidative stress and cancer susceptibility. Epidemiological research has shown that carriers of the heterozygous ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene mutation are radiosensitive to ionising irradiation and have a higher risk of cancers, type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis. However, there is currently no fast and reliable laboratory-based method to detect heterozygous ATM carriers for family screening and planning purposes. This study therefore aimed to evaluate the ability of a modified G2-assay to identify heterozygous ATM carriers in the families of A-T patients. Methods This study took place at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, between February and December 2017 and included 16 A-T patients, their parents (obligate heterozygotes) and 30 healthy controls. All of the subjects underwent individual radiosensitivity (IRS) assessment using a modified caffeine-treated G2-assay with G2-checkpoint abrogation. Results The mean IRS of the obligate ATM heterozygotes was significantly higher than the healthy controls (55.13% ± 5.84% versus 39.03% ± 6.95%; P <0.001), but significantly lower than the A-T patients (55.13% ± 5.84% versus 87.39% ± 8.29%; P = 0.001). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of the G2-assay values indicated high sensitivity and specificity, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.97 (95% confidence interval: 0.95-1.00). Conclusion The modified G2-assay demonstrated adequate precision and relatively high sensitivity and specificity in detecting heterozygous ATM carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Aghamohammadi
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed M Akrami
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Yaghmaie
- Research Center for Hematology, Oncology & Stem Cell Transplantation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Nosrati
- Research Center for Radiation Oncology, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Zaki-Dizaji
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Antioxidant Defense, Oxidative Modification, and Salivary Gland Function in an Early Phase of Cerulein Pancreatitis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8403578. [PMID: 30984340 PMCID: PMC6431492 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8403578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a multifactorial disease characterized by necroinflammatory changes of the pancreas. Our study is the first study which evaluated the relationship between the free radical production, enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, oxidative damage, and secretory function of the salivary glands of AP rats. Male Wistar rats were divided equally into 2 groups: control (n = 9) and AP (n = 9). AP was induced by intraperitoneal injection with cerulein and confirmed by higher serum amylase and lipase. We have demonstrated that the superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase activities, as well as reduced glutathione concentration, were significantly decreased in both the parotid and submandibular glands of AP rats as compared to the control rats. The production of free radicals evidenced as dichlorodihydrofluorescein assay and the activity of NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase and IL-1β concentration were significantly higher in the parotid and submandibular glands of AP rats compared to the controls. In AP rats, we also showed a statistical increase in oxidation modification products (advanced glycation end products and advanced oxidation protein products), salivary amylase activity, and significant decrease in the total protein content. However, we did not show apoptosis and any morphological changes in the histological examination of the salivary glands of AP rats. To sum up, cerulein-induced AP intensifies production of oxygen free radicals, impairs the redox balance of the salivary glands, and is responsible for higher oxidative damage to these glands. Interestingly, oxidative modification of proteins and dysfunction of the antioxidant barrier are more pronounced in the submandibular glands of AP rats.
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Maciejczyk M, Żebrowska E, Chabowski A. Insulin Resistance and Oxidative Stress in the Brain: What's New? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040874. [PMID: 30781611 PMCID: PMC6413037 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The latest studies have indicated a strong relationship between systemic insulin resistance (IR) and higher incidence of neurodegeneration, dementia, and mild cognitive impairment. Although some of these abnormalities could be explained by chronic hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidaemia, and/or prolonged whole-body inflammation, the key role is attributed to the neuronal redox imbalance and oxidative damage. In this mini review, we provide a schematic overview of intracellular oxidative stress and mitochondrial abnormalities in the IR brain. We highlight important correlations found so far between brain oxidative stress, ceramide generation, β-amyloid accumulation, as well as neuronal apoptosis in the IR conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c Str., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Ewa Żebrowska
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c Str., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Adrian Chabowski
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c Str., 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
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Tang Z, Yang C, Zuo B, Zhang Y, Wu G, Wang Y, Wang Z. Taxifolin protects rat against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by modulating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6383. [PMID: 30723634 PMCID: PMC6360081 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Taxifolin (TAX), is an active flavonoid, that plays an underlying protective role on the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to evaluate its effect and potential mechanisms on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods Healthy rat heart was subjected to I/R using the Langendorff apparatus. Hemodynamic parameters, including heart rate, left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), maximum/minimum rate of the left ventricular pressure rise (+dp/dtmax and −dp/dtmin) and rate pressure product (RPP) were recorded during the perfusion. Histopathological examination of left ventricular was measured by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. Creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in the effluent perfusion, and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in the tissue were assayed. Apoptosis related proteins, such as B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl2-associated X (Bax), and cytochrome c (Cyt-c) were also assayed by ELISA. Western blot was employed to determine apoptosis-executive proteins, including caspase 3 and 9. Transferase-mediated dUTP-X nick end labeling assay was performed to evaluate the effect TAX on myocardial apoptosis. Results Taxifolin significantly improved the ventricular functional recovery, as evident by the increase in LVDP, +dp/dtmax, −dp/dtmin and RPP, the levels of SOD, GSH-PX were also increased, but those of LDH, CK-MB, and MDA were decreased. Furthermore, TAX up-regulated the Bcl-2 protein level but down-regulated the levels of Bax, Cyt-c, caspase 3 and 9 protein, thereby inhibits the myocardial apoptosis. Discussion Taxifolin treatment remarkably improved the cardiac function, regulated oxidative stress and attenuated apoptosis. Hence, TAX has a cardioprotective effect against I/R injury by modulating mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqiu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunjuan Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.,Beijing Shunyue Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Baoyan Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yudi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Barca E, Emmanuele V, DiMauro S, Toscano A, Quinzii CM. Anti-Oxidant Drugs: Novelties and Clinical Implications in Cerebellar Ataxias. Curr Neuropharmacol 2019; 17:21-32. [PMID: 29119930 PMCID: PMC6341493 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666171109125643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 01/01/1970] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hereditary cerebellar ataxias are a group of disorders characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations, progressive clinical course, and diverse genetic causes. No disease modifying treatments are yet available for many of these disorders. Oxidative stress has been recurrently identified in different progressive cerebellar diseases, and it represents a widely investigated target for treatment. OBJECTIVE To review the main aspects and new perspectives of antioxidant therapy in cerebellar ataxias ranging from bench to bedside. METHOD This article is a summary of the state-of-the-art on the use of antioxidant molecules in cerebellar ataxia treatments. It also briefly summarizes aspects of oxidative stress production and general characteristics of antioxidant compounds. RESULTS Antioxidants represent a vast category of compounds; old drugs have been extensively studied and modified in order to achieve better biological effects. Despite the vast body of literature present on the use of antioxidants in cerebellar ataxias, for the majority of these disorders conclusive results on the efficacy are still missing. CONCLUSION Antioxidant therapy in cerebellar ataxias is a promising field of investigations. To achieve the success in identifying the correct treatment more work needs to be done. In particular, a combined effort is needed by basic scientists in developing more efficient molecules, and by clinical researchers together with patients communities, to run clinical trials in order to identify conclusive treatments strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Barca
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 W 168 Street, P&S 4-424/A, New York, NY 10032, USA; Tel: +1-212-305-1637; Fax: +1-212-305-3986; E-mail:
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George A, Venkatesan S, Ashok N, Saraswathy R, Hande MP. Assessment of genomic instability and proliferation index in cultured lymphocytes of patients with Down syndrome, congenital anomalies and aplastic anaemia. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2018; 836:98-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Dietary total antioxidant capacity in relation to depression and anxiety in Iranian adults. Nutrition 2018; 65:85-90. [PMID: 31077947 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although several studies are available that link individual dietary antioxidants to the risk of psychological disorders, data about the association of dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) with depression and anxiety are scarce. This study was conducted to investigate the association between dietary TAC and odds of depression and anxiety among Iranian adults. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, the dietary intakes of 3297 apparently healthy adults in the Isfahan province of Iran were assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Dietary TAC was estimated using the ferric-reducing antioxidant power international databases. Depression and anxiety were assessed using a validated Persian translated version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire. Scores of 0 to 7 in either subscales of the questionnaire were considered normal, and scores of ≥8 indicated the presence of depression or anxiety. RESULTS Overall, 943 study participants (28.6%) were depressed, and 448 participants (13.6%) had anxiety. After controlling for potential confounders, including the dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids, we found that participants in the top quintile of the dietary TAC were 43% less likely to be depressed than those in the bottom category (odds ratio: 0.57; 95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.82; Ptrend = .001). Regarding anxiety, we found an inverse significant association between dietary TAC and anxiety when comparing the extreme quintiles (odds ratio: 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.39-0.99; Ptrend = .06). CONCLUSIONS We found an significant inverse association between dietary TAC and odds of depression and anxiety among adults. Further prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Maciejczyk M, Matczuk J, Żendzian-Piotrowska M, Niklińska W, Fejfer K, Szarmach I, Ładny JR, Zieniewska I, Zalewska A. Eight-Week Consumption of High-Sucrose Diet Has a Pro-Oxidant Effect and Alters the Function of the Salivary Glands of Rats. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1530. [PMID: 30336621 PMCID: PMC6212933 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A high-sucrose diet (HSD) is widely known for its cariogenic effects and promotion of obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. However, the impact of the HSD diet on the salivary gland function as well as the level of salivary oxidative stress is still unknown and requires evaluation. Our study is the first to determine both redox balance and oxidative injury in the parotid and submandibular glands of rats fed the HSD diet compared to the control group. We have demonstrated that uric acid concentration and the activity of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase varied significantly in both the submandibular and parotid glands of HSD rats vs. the control group. However, enhanced oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA (increase in advanced glycation end products, advanced oxidation protein products, 4-hydroxynonenal, and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine) was observed only in the parotid glands of HSD rats. Moreover, the HSD diet also reduced the total protein content and amylase activity in both types of salivary glands and decreased the stimulated salivary flow rate. To sum up, an HSD diet reduces salivary gland function and disturbs the redox balance of the parotid as well as submandibular salivary glands. However, the parotid glands are more vulnerable to both antioxidant disturbances and oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, 2c Mickiewicza Street, 15-233 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Jan Matczuk
- County Veterinary Inspection, Zwycięstwa 26b Street, 15-959 Bialystok, Poland.
| | | | - Wiesława Niklińska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 13 Street, 15-233 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Fejfer
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowska 24a Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Izabela Szarmach
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15a Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Robert Ładny
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Disasters, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37 Street, 15-767 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Izabela Zieniewska
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowska 24a Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Anna Zalewska
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Sklodowska 24a Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland.
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