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Feng L, Gao L. The role of neurovascular coupling dysfunction in cognitive decline of diabetes patients. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1375908. [PMID: 38576869 PMCID: PMC10991808 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1375908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is an important mechanism to ensure adequate blood supply to active neurons in the brain. NVC damage can lead to chronic impairment of neuronal function. Diabetes is characterized by high blood sugar and is considered an important risk factor for cognitive impairment. In this review, we provide fMRI evidence of NVC damage in diabetic patients with cognitive decline. Combined with the exploration of the major mechanisms and signaling pathways of NVC, we discuss the effects of chronic hyperglycemia on the cellular structure of NVC signaling, including key receptors, ion channels, and intercellular connections. Studying these diabetes-related changes in cell structure will help us understand the underlying causes behind diabetes-induced NVC damage and early cognitive decline, ultimately helping to identify the most effective drug targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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2
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Yang K, Velagapudi S, Akhmedov A, Kraler S, Lapikova-Bryhinska T, Schmiady MO, Wu X, Geng L, Camici GG, Xu A, Lüscher TF. Chronic SIRT1 supplementation in diabetic mice improves endothelial function by suppressing oxidative stress. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:2190-2201. [PMID: 37401647 PMCID: PMC10578911 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Enhancing SIRT1 activity exerts beneficial cardiovascular effects. In diabetes, plasma SIRT1 levels are reduced. We aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of chronic recombinant murine SIRT1 (rmSIRT1) supplementation to alleviate endothelial and vascular dysfunction in diabetic mice (db/db). METHODS AND RESULTS Left internal mammary arteries obtained from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with or without a diagnosis of diabetes were assayed for SIRT1 protein levels. Twelve-week-old male db/db mice and db/+ controls were treated with vehicle or rmSIRT1 intraperitoneally for 4 weeks, after which carotid artery pulse wave velocity (PWV) and energy expenditure/activity were assessed by ultrasound and metabolic cages, respectively. Aorta, carotid, and mesenteric arteries were isolated to determine endothelial and vascular function using the myograph system.Arteries obtained from diabetic patients had significantly lower levels of SIRT1 relative to non-diabetics. In line, aortic SIRT1 levels were reduced in db/db mice compared to db/+ mice, while rmSIRT1 supplementation restored SIRT1 levels. Mice receiving rmSIRT1 supplementation displayed increased physical activity and improved vascular compliance as reflected by reduced PWV and attenuated collagen deposition. Aorta of rmSIRT1-treated mice exhibited increased endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS) activity, while endothelium-dependent contractions of their carotid arteries were significantly decreased, with mesenteric resistance arteries showing preserved hyperpolarization. Ex vivo incubation with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger Tiron and NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin revealed that rmSIRT1 leads to preserved vascular function by suppressing NADPH oxidase (NOX)-related ROS synthesis. Chronic rmSIRT1 treatment resulted in reduced expression of both NOX1 and NOX4, in line with a reduction in aortic protein carbonylation and plasma nitrotyrosine levels. CONCLUSIONS In diabetic conditions, arterial SIRT1 levels are significantly reduced. Chronic rmSIRT1 supplementation improves endothelial function and vascular compliance by enhancing eNOS activity and suppressing NOX-related oxidative stress. Thus, SIRT1 supplementation may represent novel therapeutic strategy to prevent diabetic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangmin Yang
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Srividya Velagapudi
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | - Martin O Schmiady
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Heart Center, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Sassoon Road 21, Pok Fu Lam, 000000 Hong Kong, China
| | - Leiluo Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Sassoon Road 21, Pok Fu Lam, 000000 Hong Kong, China
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Sassoon Road 21, Pok Fu Lam, 000000 Hong Kong, China
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zürich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
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3
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Zhang Y, Zhang YY, Pan ZW, Li QQ, Sun LH, Li X, Gong MY, Yang XW, Wang YY, Li HD, Xuan LN, Shao YC, Li MM, Zhang MY, Yu Q, Li Z, Zhang XF, Liu DH, Zhu YM, Tan ZY, Zhang YY, Liu YQ, Zhang Y, Jiao L, Yang BF. GDF11 promotes wound healing in diabetic mice via stimulating HIF-1ɑ-VEGF/SDF-1ɑ-mediated endothelial progenitor cell mobilization and neovascularization. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:999-1013. [PMID: 36347996 PMCID: PMC10104842 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-01013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-healing diabetic wounds (DW) are a serious clinical problem that remained poorly understood. We recently found that topical application of growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) accelerated skin wound healing in both Type 1 DM (T1DM) and genetically engineered Type 2 diabetic db/db (T2DM) mice. In the present study, we elucidated the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the action of GDF11 on healing of small skin wound. Single round-shape full-thickness wound of 5-mm diameter with muscle and bone exposed was made on mouse dorsum using a sterile punch biopsy 7 days following the onset of DM. Recombinant human GDF11 (rGDF11, 50 ng/mL, 10 μL) was topically applied onto the wound area twice a day until epidermal closure (maximum 14 days). Digital images of wound were obtained once a day from D0 to D14 post-wounding. We showed that topical application of GDF11 accelerated the healing of full-thickness skin wounds in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic mice, even after GDF8 (a muscle growth factor) had been silenced. At the cellular level, GDF11 significantly facilitated neovascularization to enhance regeneration of skin tissues by stimulating mobilization, migration and homing of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to the wounded area. At the molecular level, GDF11 greatly increased HIF-1ɑ expression to enhance the activities of VEGF and SDF-1ɑ, thereby neovascularization. We found that endogenous GDF11 level was robustly decreased in skin tissue of diabetic wounds. The specific antibody against GDF11 or silence of GDF11 by siRNA in healthy mice mimicked the non-healing property of diabetic wound. Thus, we demonstrate that GDF11 promotes diabetic wound healing via stimulating endothelial progenitor cells mobilization and neovascularization mediated by HIF-1ɑ-VEGF/SDF-1ɑ pathway. Our results support the potential of GDF11 as a therapeutic agent for non-healing DW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yi-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhen-Wei Pan
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qing-Qi Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Li-Hua Sun
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Man-Yu Gong
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xue-Wen Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yan-Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Hao-Dong Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Li-Na Xuan
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ying-Chun Shao
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Meng-Meng Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ming-Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qi Yu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhange Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Dong-Hua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yan-Meng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhong-Yue Tan
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yun-Qi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lei Jiao
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Bao-Feng Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Melbourne School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Stevenson MD, Vendrov AE, Yang X, Chen Y, Navarro HA, Moss N, Runge MS, Arendshorst WJ, Madamanchi NR. Reactivity of renal and mesenteric resistance vessels to angiotensin II is mediated by NOXA1/NOX1 and superoxide signaling. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 324:F335-F352. [PMID: 36759130 PMCID: PMC10026993 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00236.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes and the generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress regulate vascular and renal function and contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension. The present study examined the role of NOXA1/NOX1 function in vascular reactivity of renal and mesenteric resistance arteries/arterioles of wild-type and Noxa1-/- mice. A major finding was that renal blood flow is less sensitive to acute stimulation by angiotensin II (ANG II) in Noxa1-/- mice compared with wild-type mice, with a direct action on resistance arterioles independent of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. These functional results were reinforced by immunofluorescence evidence of NOXA1/NOX1 protein presence in renal arteries, afferent arterioles, and glomeruli as well as their upregulation by ANG II. In contrast, the renal vascular response to the thromboxane mimetic U46619 was effectively blunted by NO and was similar in both mouse genotypes and thus independent of NOXA1/NOX1 signaling. However, phenylephrine- and ANG II-induced contraction of isolated mesenteric arteries was less pronounced and buffering of vasoconstriction after acetylcholine and nitroprusside stimulation was reduced in Noxa1-/- mice, suggesting endothelial NO-dependent mechanisms. An involvement of NOXA1/NOX1/O2•- signaling in response to ANG II was demonstrated with the specific NOXA1/NOX1 assembly inhibitor C25 and the nonspecific NOX inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium chloride in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells and isolated mesenteric resistance arteries. Collectively, our data indicate that the NOX1/NOXA1/O2•- pathway contributes to acute vasoconstriction induced by ANG II in renal and mesenteric vascular beds and may contribute to ANG II-induced hypertension.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Renal reactivity to angiotensin II (ANG II) is mediated by superoxide signaling produced by NADPH oxidase (NOX)A1/NOX1. Acute vasoconstriction of renal arteries by ANG was blunted in Noxa1-/- compared with wild-type mice. NOXA1/NOX1/O2•- signaling was also observed in ANG II stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cells and isolated mesenteric resistance arteries, indicating that it contributes to ANG II-induced hypertension. A NOXA1/NOX1 assembly inhibitor (C25) has been characterized that inhibits superoxide production and ameliorates the effects of ANG II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Stevenson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Aleksandr E Vendrov
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Yuenmu Chen
- McAllister Heart Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Hernán A Navarro
- Center for Drug Discovery, Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States
| | - Nicholas Moss
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Marschall S Runge
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
| | - William J Arendshorst
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Nageswara R Madamanchi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
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5
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Liu Y, Liang S, Shi D, Zhang Y, Bai C, Ye RD. A predicted structure of NADPH Oxidase 1 identifies key components of ROS generation and strategies for inhibition. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285206. [PMID: 37134122 PMCID: PMC10155968 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) is primarily expressed in epithelial cells and responsible for local generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). By specifically manipulating the local redox microenvironment, NOX1 actively engages in epithelial immunity, especially in colorectal and pulmonary epithelia. To unravel the structural basis of NOX1 engaged epithelial immune processes, a predicted structure model was established using RaptorX deep learning models. The predicted structure model illustrates a 6-transmembrane domain structure, a FAD binding domain, and an NADPH binding/NOXO1 interacting region. The substrate/cofactor binding scheme with respect to this proposed model highly correlates with published reports and is verified in our site-directed mutagenesis assays. An electron transport chain, from NADPH to FAD and the two heme groups, was well supported by the predicted model. Through molecular docking analysis of various small molecule NOX1 inhibitors and subsequent experimental validation, we identified pronounced active sites for potent NOX1 inhibition. Specifically, LEU60, VAL71, MET181, LEU185, HIS208, PHE211, TYR214, and TYR280 in the transmembrane domain form an active pocket for insertion of the small molecule inhibitors to inhibit electron transfer between the heme groups, thus affecting extracellular ROS generation. Altogether, our study provides structural information to help elucidate the role of NOX1 in epithelial generation of ROS and sheds light on the development of therapeutics for NOX1 related illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yezhou Liu
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiyu Liang
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Danfeng Shi
- Warshel Institute of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Warshel Institute of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chen Bai
- Warshel Institute of Computational Biology, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Richard D Ye
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Futian Biomedical Innovation R&D Center, Shenzhen, China
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Wang G, Yang F, Zhou W, Xiao N, Luo M, Tang Z. The initiation of oxidative stress and therapeutic strategies in wound healing. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 157:114004. [PMID: 36375308 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
When the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is overloaded surpassing the capacity of the reductive rheostat, mammalian cells undergo a series of oxidative damage termed oxidative stress (OS). This phenomenon is ubiquitously detected in many human pathological conditions. Wound healing program implicates continuous neovascularization, cell proliferation, and wound remodeling. Increasing evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) have profound impacts on the wound healing process through regulating a series of the physiological and pathological program including inflammatory response, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, granulation as well as extracellular matrix formation. In most pathological wound healing processes, excessive ROS exerts a negative role on the wound healing process. Interestingly, the moderate increase of ROS levels is beneficial in killing bacteria at the wound site, which creates a sterile niche for revascularization. In this review, we discussed the physiological rhythms of wound healing and the role of ROS in this progress, aim to explore the potential manipulation of OS as a promising therapeutic avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Department of Pharmacology, college of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China, Chongqing, China
| | - Feifei Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, college of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiying Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, college of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism, Key Laboratory for Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing, China, Chongqing, China
| | - Nanyang Xiao
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mao Luo
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Zonghao Tang
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, The School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Hu XQ, Zhang L. Oxidative Regulation of Vascular Ca v1.2 Channels Triggers Vascular Dysfunction in Hypertension-Related Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122432. [PMID: 36552639 PMCID: PMC9774363 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood pressure is determined by cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance. The L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ (Cav1.2) channel in small arteries and arterioles plays an essential role in regulating Ca2+ influx, vascular resistance, and blood pressure. Hypertension and preeclampsia are characterized by high blood pressure. In addition, diabetes has a high prevalence of hypertension. The etiology of these disorders remains elusive, involving the complex interplay of environmental and genetic factors. Common to these disorders are oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from NADPH oxidases (NOXs) and mitochondria are primary sources of vascular oxidative stress, whereas dysfunction of the Cav1.2 channel confers increased vascular resistance in hypertension. This review will discuss the importance of ROS derived from NOXs and mitochondria in regulating vascular Cav1.2 and potential roles of ROS-mediated Cav1.2 dysfunction in aberrant vascular function in hypertension, diabetes, and preeclampsia.
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Shen N, Wang T, Gan Q, Liu S, Wang L, Jin B. Plant flavonoids: Classification, distribution, biosynthesis, and antioxidant activity. Food Chem 2022; 383:132531. [PMID: 35413752 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 514] [Impact Index Per Article: 257.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a group of natural polyphenol substances abundant in vegetables, fruits, grains, and tea. As plant secondary metabolites, flavonoids play essential roles in many biological processes and responses to environmental factors in plants. Flavonoids are common in human diets and have antioxidant effects as well as other bioactivities (e.g., antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties), which reduce the risk of disease. Flavonoid bioactivity depends on structural substitution patterns in their C6-C3-C6 rings. However, reviews of plant flavonoid distribution and biosynthesis, as well as the health benefits of its bioactivity, remain scarce. Therefore, in the present review, we systematically summarize recent progress in the research of plant flavonoids, focusing on their biosynthesis (pathway and transcription factors) and bioactive mechanisms based on epidemic evidence, in vitro and in vivo research, and bioavailability in the human body. We also discuss future opportunities in flavonoid research, including biotechnology, therapeutic phytoproducts, and dietary flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Shen
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tongfei Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Quan Gan
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sian Liu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Biao Jin
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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Oxidative Injury in Ischemic Stroke: A Focus on NADPH Oxidase 4. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1148874. [PMID: 35154560 PMCID: PMC8831073 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1148874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Thus, it is urgent to explore its pathophysiological mechanisms and find new therapeutic strategies for its successful treatment. The relationship between oxidative stress and ischemic stroke is increasingly appreciated and attracting considerable attention. ROS serves as a source of oxidative stress. It is a byproduct of mitochondrial metabolism but primarily a functional product of NADPH oxidases (NOX) family members. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) is most closely related to the formation of ROS during ischemic stroke. Its expression is significantly upregulated after cerebral ischemia, making it a promising target for treating ischemic stroke. Several drugs targeting NOX4, such as SCM-198, Iso, G-Rb1, betulinic acid, and electroacupuncture, have shown efficacy as treatments of ischemic stroke. MTfp-NOX4 POC provides a novel insight for the treatment of stroke. Combinations of these therapies also provide new approaches for the therapy of ischemic stroke. In this review, we summarize the subcellular location, expression, and pathophysiological mechanisms of NOX4 in the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke. We also discuss the therapeutic strategies and related regulatory mechanisms for treating ischemic stroke. We further comment on the shortcomings of current NOX4-targeted therapy studies and the direction for improvement.
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10
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XU L, SONG Q, OUYANG Z, ZHENG M, ZHANG X, ZHANG C. Efficacy of silymarin in treatment of COPD via P47phox signaling pathway. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.52821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin XU
- Guizhou University, China; Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, China
| | - Qingying SONG
- Guizhou College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | | | | | - Xiangyan ZHANG
- Guizhou University, China; Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, China
| | - Cheng ZHANG
- Guizhou University, China; Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, China
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Pan G, Yang S, Han X, Wang X, Kou L, Xie J, Li C. Parkinson's disease protein 7 protected against oxidative stress of myocardial infarction direct through p47phox and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221124099. [PMID: 36042578 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221124099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of Parkinson's disease protein 7 (Park7) in myocardial infarction (MI). The Park7 expression in the serum and tissues was down-regulated in mice with MI. Recombinant Park7 protein protected against MI-induced injury and reduced oxidative stress in mice model. Conversely, knockout Park7 increased injury of MI and promoted oxidative stress in MI mice model. In embryonic rat cardiac myoblasts H9c2 cells, over-expression of Park7 reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress, while down-regulation of Park7 increased ROS-induced oxidative stress. Park7 combined nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase cytoplasmic subunit p47phox protein had direct effect on inducing NADPH activator. The inhibition of p47phox reduced the effects of Park7 in ROS production of H2O2-treated H9c2 cells. The regulation of NADPH participated in the effects of Park7 on ROS production of in both MI mice model and H2O2-treated H9c2 cells. Our data demonstrated that Park7 protects against oxidative stress in MI model direct through p47phox and NADPH oxidase 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhong Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, 248912Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shiwei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowan Han
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, 248912Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, 248912Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lanjun Kou
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, 248912Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, 248912Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dongzhimen Hospital, 248912Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Zeng S, Delic D, Chu C, Xiong Y, Luo T, Chen X, Gaballa MMS, Xue Y, Chen X, Cao Y, Hasan AA, Stadermann K, Frankenreiter S, Yin L, Krämer BK, Klein T, Hocher B. Antifibrotic effects of low dose SGLT2 Inhibition with empagliflozin in comparison to Ang II receptor blockade with telmisartan in 5/6 nephrectomised rats on high salt diet. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112606. [PMID: 34968924 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, the lowest protective SGLT2 inhibitor dose is unknown. We initially performed a dose-response pilot study in normal rats. Based on the results of this pilot study we compared the cardio-renal effects of the SGLT-2 inhibitor empagliflozin, with placebo or telmisartan in rats with 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) on a high salt diet (HSD). The experimental set up was as follows: Sham operation (Sham) with normal diet and placebo; 5/6 Nx with 2% HSD and placebo; 5/6 Nx with HSD and empagliflozin (0.6 mg/kg/day, bid); 5/6 Nx with HSD and telmisartan (5 mg/kg/day, qd). Empagliflozin treatment increased urinary glucose excretion, in parallel to empagliflozin plasma levels, in a dose-dependent manner starting at doses of 1 mg/kg in the pilot study. 5/6Nx rats on HSD treated with this low empagliflozin dose showed significantly reduced cardiac (-34.85%; P < 0.05) and renal (-33.68%; P < 0.05) fibrosis in comparison to 5/6Nx rats on HSD treated with placebo. These effects were comparable to the effects observed when implementing the standard dose (5 mg/kg/day) of telmisartan (cardiac fibrosis: -36.37%; P < 0.01; renal fibrosis; -43.96%; P < 0.01). RNA-sequencing followed by confirmatory qRT-PCR revealed that both telmisartan and empagliflozin exert their cardiac effects on genes involved in vascular cell stability and cardiac iron homeostasis, whereas in the kidneys expression of genes involved in endothelial function and oxidative stress were differentially expressed. Urinary adenosine excretion, a surrogate marker of the tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) mechanism, was not affected. In conclusion, the antifibrotic properties of low dose empagliflozin were comparable to a standard dose of telmisartan. The underlying pathways appear to be TGF independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufei Zeng
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, China; Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Denis Delic
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Chang Chu
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, China; Department of Nephrology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yingquan Xiong
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Nephrology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ting Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, China; Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, China; Department of Nephrology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, China
| | - Mohamed M S Gaballa
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor,Toukh, Egypt
| | - Yao Xue
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xin Chen
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, China; Department of Nephrology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yaochen Cao
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Nephrology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmed A Hasan
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Institute of Pharmacy, Free University of Berlin, Germany
| | - Kai Stadermann
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | - Lianghong Yin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, China
| | - Bernhard K Krämer
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; European Center for Angioscience ECAS, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Klein
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Berthold Hocher
- Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Germany; Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, China; Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China; Institute of Medical Diagnostics, IMD, Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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NCF1/2/4 Are Prognostic Biomarkers Related to the Immune Infiltration of Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5954036. [PMID: 34708124 PMCID: PMC8545530 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5954036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophil cytoplasmic factor 1/2/4 (NCF1/2/4) belongs to the NADPH oxidase complex, which is a cytoplasmic component, and its polymorphism is the main factor related to autoimmune diseases, which is probably caused by the regulation of peroxide. They also play a role in tumor growth and metastasis. This research is aimed at evaluating the biological function and prognostic role of NCF1, NCF2, and NCF4 genes in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) by using multiple online bioinformatics website, including Oncomine, GEPIA, UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, TIMER, TISIDB, cBioPortal, LinkedOmics, GeneMANIA, and DAVID databases. The mRNA levels of NCFs were higher in KIRC tissues than in normal tissues. The overexpression of NCFs was significantly correlated with advanced pathological grades and individual cancer stages in KIRC. Meanwhile, the expressions of NCFs played an important role in the tumorigenesis and progression of KIRC. Prognostic value analysis suggested that high transcription levels of NCF1/4 were associated with poor overall survival in KIRC patients. In addition, results from the LinkedOmics database showed that the KEGG pathway related to NCFs mainly focused on immune activation and immune regulation function. NCF genetic alterations, including copy number amplification, missense mutation, and deep deletion, could be found through the cBioPortal database. Further, NCF expression was significantly correlated with infiltration levels of various immune cells as well as immune signatures. Protein-protein interaction network and enrichment analysis of NCF1/2/4 in KIRC showed that NCF coexpressed genes mainly associated with diverse immune marker sets showed significance. Overall, these results indicated that NCFs could be prognostic biomarkers as well as effective targets for diagnosis in KIRC.
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Zhang Y, Mao XD, Cao AL, Chu S, Li ZJ, Wang YM, Peng W, Wang L, Wang H. Astragaloside IV prevents endothelial dysfunction by improving oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse aortas. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1197. [PMID: 34584542 PMCID: PMC8422382 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress serves a role in endothelial dysfunction exhibited by patients with diabetes mellitus. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a major active ingredient of Radix Astragali, which is considered to exhibit vasoprotective effects through unknown mechanisms. Thus, the current study was performed to investigate the protective effects of AS-IV in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced endothelial dysfunction and to explore whether antioxidant mechanisms were involved. The protective effects of AS-IV on the endothelium-dependent relaxation and contraction of aortic rings were determined by isometric tension recordings. NADPH subunits and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression was identified via western blotting. Superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde levels were assayed using ELISA. Furthermore, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) was detected via dihydroethidium and 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate staining, respectively. The results revealed that STZ-injected mice exhibited increased aortic endothelium-dependent vasoconstriction and decreased vasorelaxation to acetylcholine. However, AS-IV treatment reversed these effects. NG-nitro-L-arginine was subsequently used to completely inhibit impaired relaxation. Accordingly, impaired NO generation was restored following AS-IV treatment by increasing eNOS phosphorylation levels. Furthermore, ROS formation was also depressed following AS-IV treatment compared with that in STZ-injected mice. AS-IV also decreased the expression of various NADPH subunits, including human neutrophil cytochrome b light chain, neutrophil cytosolic factor 1, NADPH oxidase (NOX)2, NOX4 and Rac-1. The results of the current study may provide novel evidence that diabetes-induced vascular injury arises from either the inhibition of eNOS or the activation of NOX-derived ROS generation. In addition, the results warrant further investigation into the application of AS-IV treatment, leading to the improvement of oxidative stress, in patients with diabetes exhibiting endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Mao
- Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Ai-Li Cao
- Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Chu
- Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Jun Li
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Man Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Wen Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory of Renal Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
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15
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Zhang W, Wang W, Xu M, Xie H, Pu Z. GPR43 regulation of mitochondrial damage to alleviate inflammatory reaction in sepsis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:22588-22610. [PMID: 34584017 PMCID: PMC8507289 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a common critical illness in ICU and always a great difficulty in clinical treatment. GPR43 (G protein-coupled receptor 43) participates in regulating appetite and gastrointestinal peptide secretion to modulate fat decomposition and formation. However, the biological contribution of GPR43 on inflammation of sepsis has not been previously investigated. We investigated the mechanisms of GPR43 gene, which plays a possible role in distinguishing sepsis and contributes to the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced inflammatory reaction. Furthermore, we performed studies with mice induced to sepsis by Cecal Ligation and Puncture (CLP), Knockout GPR43 (GPR43-/-) mice, and Wild Type (WT) mice induced with CLP. In addition, lung tissues and cell samples were analyzed by histology, Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (Q-PCR), Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent (ELISA) Assay, and western blot. GPR43 agonist could significantly reduce inflammation reactions and trigger lung injury in mice with sepsis. As for GPR43-/- mice, the risks of sepsis-induced inflammatory reactions and corresponding lung injury were promoted. On the one hand, the up-regulation of GPR43 gene reduced ROS mitochondrial damage to inhibit inflammatory reactions via the inactivation of NLRP3 Inflammasome by PPARγ/ Nox1/EBP50/ p47phox signal channel. On the other hand, the down-regulation of GPR43 promoted inflammatory reactions in vitro model through the acceleration of ROS-dependently mitochondrial damage by PPARγ/ Nox1/EBP50/ p47phox/ NLRP3 signal channel. These findings indicate that the inhibition of GPR43 as a possible important factor of sepsis may shed lights on the mechanism of sepsis-induced inflammation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Wusan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Maodi Xu
- Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Haitang Xie
- Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Zhichen Pu
- Drug Clinical Evaluation, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
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16
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Chai WF, Tang KS. Protective potential of cerium oxide nanoparticles in diabetes mellitus. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 66:126742. [PMID: 33773280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable metabolic disease which is closely related to excessive oxidative stress after constant exposure to high plasma glucose. Although the current antidiabetic medications are effective in lowering blood glucose, these medications do not prevent or reverse the disease progression. Thus, there is a crucial need to explore new therapeutic interventions that could address this shortcoming. As cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) possess antioxidant property, this agent may be used as a treatment option for the management of DM. PURPOSE This review aims to provide a critical evaluation of the pharmacological and antidiabetic effects of CONPs in cell and animal models. The roles of CONPs in attenuating DM complications are also presented in this report. METHODS We conducted a literature search in the PubMed database using the keywords "cerium oxide", "cerous oxide", "ceria", "nanoceria", and "diabetes" from inception to December 2020. The inclusion criteria were primary source articles that investigated the role of CONPs in DM and diabetic complications. RESULTS We identified 47 articles from the initial search. After the thorough screening, only 31 articles were included in this study. We found that CONPs can attenuate parameters that are related to DM and diabetic complications in various animals and cell culture models. CONCLUSION CONPs could potentially be used in the treatment of those with DM and complications caused by the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wui Fang Chai
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kim San Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Barteková M, Adameová A, Görbe A, Ferenczyová K, Pecháňová O, Lazou A, Dhalla NS, Ferdinandy P, Giricz Z. Natural and synthetic antioxidants targeting cardiac oxidative stress and redox signaling in cardiometabolic diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 169:446-477. [PMID: 33905865 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are metabolic diseases (e.g., obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, rare genetic metabolic diseases, etc.) associated with cardiac pathologies. Pathophysiology of most CMDs involves increased production of reactive oxygen species and impaired antioxidant defense systems, resulting in cardiac oxidative stress (OxS). To alleviate OxS, various antioxidants have been investigated in several diseases with conflicting results. Here we review the effect of CMDs on cardiac redox homeostasis, the role of OxS in cardiac pathologies, as well as experimental and clinical data on the therapeutic potential of natural antioxidants (including resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, vitamins A, C, and E, coenzyme Q10, etc.), synthetic antioxidants (including N-acetylcysteine, SOD mimetics, mitoTEMPO, SkQ1, etc.), and promoters of antioxidant enzymes in CMDs. As no antioxidant indicated for the prevention and/or treatment of CMDs has reached the market despite the large number of preclinical and clinical studies, a sizeable translational gap is evident in this field. Thus, we also highlight potential underlying factors that may contribute to the failure of translation of antioxidant therapies in CMDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Barteková
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 81372 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Adriana Adameová
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Anikó Görbe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kristína Ferenczyová
- Institute for Heart Research, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Oľga Pecháňová
- Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 81371 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Antigone Lazou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Naranjan S Dhalla
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, And Department of Physiology & Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0W2, Canada
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Giricz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
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Oxidative Stress and Vascular Damage in the Context of Obesity: The Hidden Guest. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030406. [PMID: 33800427 PMCID: PMC7999611 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The vascular system plays a central role in the transport of cells, oxygen and nutrients between different regions of the body, depending on the needs, as well as of metabolic waste products for their elimination. While the structure of different components of the vascular system varies, these structures, especially those of main arteries and arterioles, can be affected by the presence of different cardiovascular risk factors, including obesity. This vascular remodeling is mainly characterized by a thickening of the media layer as a consequence of changes in smooth muscle cells or excessive fibrosis accumulation. These vascular changes associated with obesity can trigger functional alterations, with endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffness being especially common features of obese vessels. These changes can also lead to impaired tissue perfusion that may affect multiple tissues and organs. In this review, we focus on the role played by perivascular adipose tissue, the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the vascular dysfunction associated with obesity. In addition, the participation of oxidative stress in this vascular damage, which can be produced in the perivascular adipose tissue as well as in other components of the vascular wall, is updated.
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Protective Effects of Hu-Lu-Ba-Wan () against Oxidative Stress in Testis of Diabetic Rats through PKCα/NAPDH Oxidase Signaling Pathway. Chin J Integr Med 2021; 27:432-439. [PMID: 33459971 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-2863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the protective effect and the underlying mechanism of Hu-Lu-Ba-Wan (, HLBW) on the testis of diabetic rats. METHODS Twenty-four male Wistar rats (160-180 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups according to a random number table, including a control group (n=8), diabetic group (n=8), and HLBW group (n=8). Diabetic rat model was established by high-fat-diet administration and single intravenous injection of streptozotocin (26 mg/kg). Then HLBW granule was administrated for 12 weeks. Fasting blood glucose and insulin levels as well as serum total testosterone level and testicular testosterone content were examined. Oxidative stress markers in both serum and testis were tested. Meanwhile, testicular morphology was observed under hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and the ultrastructure of Leydig cell was observed by electron microscope. The superoxide anion level was detected by DHE, and TUNEL-positive cells of testis was evaluated by TUNEL assay. The gene and protein expression of protein kinase C (PKCα), phosphorylated PKCα (P-PKCα) and P47phox in testicular tissues were determined by quantitative RT-PCR analysis and Western bolt analysis. RESULTS Compared with the diabetic group, HLBW treatment significantly reduced the fasting glucose levels and increased the levels of fasting insulin and testosterone in serum (P<0.01). HLBW administration also reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plasma and alleviated the damage of oxidative stress in the testis of diabetic rats. Additionally, HLBW down-regulated the protein and mRNA levels of PKCα, P-PKCα and P47phox in testicular tissues. CONCLUSION HLBW may attenuate the oxidative stress in the testis of diabetic rats via PKCα /NAPDH oxidase signaling pathway.
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Oxymatrine Ameliorates Memory Impairment in Diabetic Rats by Regulating Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis: Involvement of NOX2/NOX4. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3912173. [PMID: 33273999 PMCID: PMC7683156 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3912173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Oxymatrine (OMT) is the major quinolizidine alkaloid extracted from the root of Sophora flavescens Ait and has been shown to exhibit a diverse range of pharmacological properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of OMT in diabetic brain injury in vivo and in vitro. Diabetic rats were induced by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) and fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet. Memory function was assessed using a Morris water maze test. A SH-SY5Y cell injury model was induced by incubation with glucose (30 mM/l) to simulate damage in vitro. The serum fasting blood glucose, insulin, serum S100B, malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were analyzed using commercial kits. Morphological changes were observed using Nissl staining and electron microscopy. Cell apoptosis was assessed using Hoechst staining and TUNEL staining. NADPH oxidase (NOX) and caspase-3 activities were determined. The effects of NOX2 and NOX4 knockdown were assessed using small interfering RNA. The expression levels of NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4 were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting, and the levels of caspase-3 were detected using western blotting. The diabetic rats exhibited significantly increased plasma glucose, insulin, reactive oxygen species (ROS), S-100B, and MDA levels and decreased SOD levels. Memory function was determined by assessing the percentage of time spent in the target quadrant, the number of times the platform was crossed, escape latency, and mean path length and was found to be significantly reduced in the diabetic rats. Hyperglycemia resulted in notable brain injury, including histological changes and apoptosis in the cortex and hippocampus. The expression levels of NOX2 and NOX4 were significantly upregulated at the protein and mRNA levels, and NOX1 expression was not altered in the diabetic rats. NOX and caspase-3 activities were increased, and caspase-3 expression was upregulated in the brain tissue of diabetic rats. OMT treatment dose-dependently reversed behavioral, biochemical, and molecular changes in the diabetic rats. In vitro, high glucose resulted in increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS), MDA levels, apoptosis, and the expressions of NOX2, NOX4, and caspase-3. siRNA-mediated knockdown of NOX2 and NOX4 decreased NOX2 and NOX4 expression levels, respectively, and reduced ROS levels and apoptosis. The results of the present study suggest that OMT alleviates diabetes-associated cognitive decline, oxidative stress, and apoptosis via NOX2 and NOX4 inhibition.
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Buchmann GK, Schürmann C, Warwick T, Schulz MH, Spaeth M, Müller OJ, Schröder K, Jo H, Weissmann N, Brandes RP. Deletion of NoxO1 limits atherosclerosis development in female mice. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101713. [PMID: 32949971 PMCID: PMC7502371 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress is a risk factor for atherosclerosis. NADPH oxidases of the Nox family produce ROS but their contribution to atherosclerosis development is less clear. Nox2 promotes and Nox4 rather limits atherosclerosis. Although Nox1 with its cytosolic co-factors are largely expressed in epithelial cells, a role for Nox1 for atherosclerosis development was suggested. To further define the role of this homologue, the role of its essential cytosolic cofactor, NoxO1, was determined for atherosclerosis development with the aid of knockout mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Wildtype (WT) and NoxO1 knockout mice were treated with high fat diet and adeno-associated virus (AAV) overexpressing pro-protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) to induce hepatic low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor loss. As a result, massive hypercholesterolemia was induced and spontaneous atherosclerosis developed within three month. Deletion of NoxO1 reduced atherosclerosis formation in brachiocephalic artery and aortic arch in female but not male NoxO1-/- mice as compared to WT littermates. This was associated with a reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine signature in the plasma of female but not male NoxO1-/- mice. MACE-RNAseq of the vessel did not reveal this signature and the expression of the Nox1/NoxO1 system was low to not detectable. CONCLUSIONS The scaffolding protein NoxO1 plays some role in atherosclerosis development in female mice probably by attenuating the global inflammatory burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia K Buchmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Christoph Schürmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Tim Warwick
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Marcel H Schulz
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Manuela Spaeth
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Oliver J Müller
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Dr NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwigstraße 23, 35390, Gießen, Germany
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein Main, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
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22
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Vara D, Tarafdar A, Celikag M, Patinha D, Gulacsy CE, Hounslea E, Warren Z, Ferreira B, Koeners MP, Caggiano L, Pula G. NADPH oxidase 1 is a novel pharmacological target for the development of an antiplatelet drug without bleeding side effects. FASEB J 2020; 34:13959-13977. [PMID: 32851720 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001086rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence supports a central role of NADPH oxidases (NOXs) in the regulation of platelets, which are circulating cells involved in both hemostasis and thrombosis. Here, the use of Nox1-/- and Nox1+/+ mice as experimental models of human responses demonstrated a critical role of NOX1 in collagen-dependent platelet activation and pathological arterial thrombosis, as tested in vivo by carotid occlusion assays. In contrast, NOX1 does not affect platelet responses to thrombin and normal hemostasis, as assayed in tail bleeding experiments. Therefore, as NOX1 inhibitors are likely to have antiplatelet effects without associated bleeding risks, the NOX1-selective inhibitor 2-acetylphenothiazine (2APT) and a series of its derivatives generated to increase inhibitory potency and drug bioavailability were tested. Among the 2APT derivatives, 1-(10H-phenothiazin-2-yl)vinyl tert-butyl carbonate (2APT-D6) was selected for its high potency. Both 2APT and 2APT-D6 inhibited collagen-dependent platelet aggregation, adhesion, thrombus formation, superoxide anion generation, and surface activation marker expression, while responses to thrombin or adhesion to fibrinogen were not affected. In vivo administration of 2APT or 2APT-D6 led to the inhibition of mouse platelet aggregation, oxygen radical output, and thrombus formation, and carotid occlusion, while tail hemostasis was unaffected. Differently to in vitro experiments, 2APT-D6 and 2APT displayed similar potency in vivo. In summary, NOX1 inhibition with 2APT or its derivative 2APT-D6 is a viable strategy to control collagen-induced platelet activation and reduce thrombosis without deleterious effects on hemostasis. These compounds should, therefore, be considered for the development of novel antiplatelet drugs to fight cardiovascular diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Vara
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Anuradha Tarafdar
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Meral Celikag
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Daniela Patinha
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Ellie Hounslea
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Zach Warren
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Barbara Ferreira
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Maarten P Koeners
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Lorenzo Caggiano
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Giordano Pula
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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23
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Urner S, Ho F, Jha JC, Ziegler D, Jandeleit-Dahm K. NADPH Oxidase Inhibition: Preclinical and Clinical Studies in Diabetic Complications. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:415-434. [PMID: 32008354 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the development and progression of serious micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) significantly contribute to oxidative stress-associated inflammatory pathways that lead to tissue damage of different organs, including the kidneys, retina, brain, nerves, and the cardiovascular system. Recent Advances: Preclinical studies, including genetic-modified mouse models or cell culture models, have revealed the role of specific NOX isoforms in different diabetic complications, and suggested them as a promising target for the treatment of these diseases. Critical Issues: In this review, we provide an overview of the role of ROS and oxidative stress in macrovascular complications, such as stroke, myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and peripheral vascular disease that are all mainly driven by atherosclerosis, as well as microvascular complications, such as diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. We summarize conducted genetic deletion studies of different Nox isoforms as well as pharmacological intervention studies using NOX inhibitors in the context of preclinical as well as clinical research on diabetic complications. Future Directions: We outline the isoforms that are most promising for future clinical trials in the context of micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Urner
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Florence Ho
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jay C Jha
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dan Ziegler
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Karin Jandeleit-Dahm
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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24
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Xie X, Chen Y, Liu J, Zhang W, Zhang X, Zha L, Liu W, Ling Y, Li S, Tang S. High glucose induced endothelial cell reactive oxygen species via OGG1/PKC/NADPH oxidase pathway. Life Sci 2020; 256:117886. [PMID: 32497631 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by high glucose (HG) is involved in a lot of diseases including diabetes. However, the underlying mechanism of ROS induction by HG remains unclear. Emerging evidence has shown the 8-oxoguanine glycosylase (OGG1) is the main DNA glycosylase responsible for atherosclerosis, obesity, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance, and so on. Our aim was to explore the role of OGG1 on HG-mediated endothelial ROS. MAIN METHODS Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to HG (30 mM) for different time periods. HG predominantly inhibited OGG1 expression in a time-dependent manner measured by western blotting, qPCR and immunofluorescence. Additionally, HUVECs were cultured with a fluorescent probe, DCFH and DHE, after being subjected to HG. Cell chemiluminescence and flow cytometry results revealed that HG caused endothelial ROS activation. KEY FINDINGS High glucose remarkably decreased endothelial OGG1 expression. The overexpression of OGG1 significantly reversed HG-mediated PKC and NADPH oxidase activities and ROS levels. Moreover, manipulated expression of PKC significantly contacted the role of OGG1 on NADPH oxidase activation. SIGNIFICANCE These results suggest that OGG1 downregulation promoted HG-induced endothelial ROS production and might be a potential clinical treatment target of diabetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui 241001, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Taishan People's Hospital, Taishan, Guangdong 529200, PR China
| | - Jichun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui 241001, PR China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui 241001, PR China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui 241001, PR China
| | - Lintao Zha
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui 241001, PR China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui 241001, PR China
| | - Yang Ling
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui 241001, PR China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, PR China.
| | - Shengxing Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui 241001, PR China.
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25
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Schröder K. NADPH oxidases: Current aspects and tools. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101512. [PMID: 32480354 PMCID: PMC7262010 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown or at least suggested to play an essential role for cellular signaling as second messengers. NADPH oxidases represent a source of controlled ROS formation. Accordingly, understanding the role of individual NADPH oxidases bears potential to interfere with intracellular signaling cascades without disturbing the signaling itself. Many tools have been developed to study or inhibit the functions and roles of the NADPH oxidases. This short review summarizes diseases, potentially associated with NADPH oxidases, genetically modified animals, and inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Schröder
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Fachbereich Medizin der Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany. https://
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26
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Regulation of Vascular Function and Inflammation via Cross Talk of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species from Mitochondria or NADPH Oxidase-Implications for Diabetes Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103405. [PMID: 32408480 PMCID: PMC7279344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a key role for the development of cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative disease. This concept has been proven by using the approach of genetic deletion of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) producing, pro-oxidant enzymes as well as by the overexpression of RONS detoxifying, antioxidant enzymes leading to an amelioration of the severity of diseases. Vice versa, the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases is aggravated by overexpression of RONS producing enzymes as well as deletion of RONS detoxifying enzymes. We have previously identified cross talk mechanisms between different sources of RONS, which can amplify the oxidative stress-mediated damage. Here, the pathways and potential mechanisms leading to this cross talk are analyzed in detail and highlighted by selected examples from the current literature and own data including hypoxia, angiotensin II (AT-II)-induced hypertension, nitrate tolerance, aging, and others. The general concept of redox-based activation of RONS sources via “kindling radicals” and enzyme-specific “redox switches” as well as the interaction with redox-sensitive inflammatory pathways are discussed. Here, we present evidence for the existence of such cross talk mechanisms in the setting of diabetes and critically assess their contribution to the severity of diabetic complications.
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27
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NoxO1 Knockout Promotes Longevity in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030226. [PMID: 32164269 PMCID: PMC7139303 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the free radical theory of aging, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been proposed to be a major cause of aging for a long time. Meanwhile, it became clear that ROS have diverse functions in a healthy organism. They act as second messengers, and as transient inhibitors of phosphatases and others. In fact, their detrimental role is highly dependent on the context of their production. NADPH oxidases (Nox) have been discovered as a controllable source of ROS. NoxO1 enables constitutive ROS formation by Nox1 by acting as a constitutively active cytosolic subunit of the complex. We previously found that both Nox1 and NoxO1 were highly expressed in the colon, and that NoxO1-/- deficiency reduces colon health. We hypothesized that a healthy colon potentially contributes to longevity and NoxO1 deficiency would reduce lifetime, at least in mouse. In contrast, here we provide evidence that the knockout of NoxO1 results in an elongated life expectancy of mice. No better endothelial function, nor an improved expression of genes related to longevity, such as Sirt1, were found, and therefore may not serve as an explanation for a longer life in NoxO1 deficiency. Rather minor systemic differences, such as lower body weight occur. As a potential reason for longer life, we suggest better DNA repair capacity in NoxO1 deficient mice. Although final fatal DNA damage appears similar between wildtype and NoxO1 knockout animals, we identified less intermediate DNA damage in colon cells of NoxO1-/- mice, while the number of cells with intact DNA is elevated in NoxO1-/- colons. We conclude that NoxO1 deficiency prolongs lifetime of mice, which correlates with less intermediate and potentially fixable DNA damage at least in colon cells.
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28
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Hu B, Gong Z, Bi Z. Inhibition of miR-383 suppresses oxidative stress and improves endothelial function by increasing sirtuin 1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 53:e8616. [PMID: 31994599 PMCID: PMC6984384 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20198616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has shown that suppression of miR-383 can prevent inflammation of the endothelium, as well as postpone the development of atherosclerosis. However, the role of miR-383 in endothelial cell apoptosis in diabetes remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of miR-383 in high glucose-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in endothelial cells. A series of experiments involving qualitative polymerase chain reaction, cell transfection, luciferase assay, assessment of cell death, detection of catalase and superoxide dismutase concentrations, detection of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and western blot analysis were performed in this study. We found that miR-383 expression was promoted, while NAD+-dependent deacetylase and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expressions were suppressed in the endothelium of the aorta in db/db mice as well as in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, which were treated with high glucose (HG). Increased expression of miR-383 decreased expression of SIRT1, while suppression of miR-383 promoted expression of SIRT1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, suppression of miR-383 following transfection with miR-383 suppressor repressed cell death and generation of ROS in HUVECs. SIRT1 knockdown by siRNA-SIRT1 reversed the suppressive effect of miR-383 inhibition on ROS production and cell apoptosis induced by HG treatment. Overall, the findings of our research suggested that suppression of miR-383 repressed oxidative stress and reinforced the activity of endothelial cells by upregulation of SIRT1 in db/db mice, and targeting miR-383 might be promising for effective treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoxiang Hu
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Zushun Gong
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaohui Bi
- Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong, China
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29
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Muñoz M, López-Oliva ME, Rodríguez C, Martínez MP, Sáenz-Medina J, Sánchez A, Climent B, Benedito S, García-Sacristán A, Rivera L, Hernández M, Prieto D. Differential contribution of Nox1, Nox2 and Nox4 to kidney vascular oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in obesity. Redox Biol 2019; 28:101330. [PMID: 31563085 PMCID: PMC6812001 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress-associated endothelial dysfunction is a key pathogenic factor underlying the microvascular complications of metabolic disease. NADPH oxidase (Nox) is a major source of oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy and chronic kidney disease, despite Nox4 and Nox2 have been identified as relevant sources of vasodilator endothelial H2O2.The present study was sought to investigate the role of Nox enzymes in renal vascular oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in a rat model of genetic obesity. Endothelial function was assessed in intrarenal arteries of obese Zucker rats (OZR) and their counterparts lean Zucker rats (LZR) mounted in microvascular myographs, and superoxide (O2.-) and H2O2 production were measured. Impaired endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine (ACh) were associated to augmented O2.- generation, but neither ROS scavengers nor the Nox inhibitor apocynin significantly improved these relaxant responses in renal arteries of OZR. Whereas NO contribution to endothelial relaxations was blunted, catalase-sensitive non-NO non-prostanoid relaxations were enhanced in obese rats. Interestingly, NADPH-dependent O2.- production was augmented while NADPH-dependent H2O2 generation was reduced, and cytosolic and mitochondrial SOD were up-regulated in kidney of obese rats. Nox4 was down-regulated in renal arteries and Nox4-dependent H2O2 generation and endothelial relaxation were reduced in OZR. Up-regulation of both Nox2 and Nox1 was associated with augmented O2.- production but reduced H2O2 generation and blunted endothelial Nox2-derived H2O2-mediated in obese rats. Moreover, increased Nox1-derived O2.- contributed to renal endothelial dysfunction in OZR. In summary, the current data support a main role for Nox1-derived O2.- in kidney vascular oxidative stress and renal endothelial dysfunction in obesity, while reduced endothelial Nox4 expression associated to decreased H2O2 generation and H2O2-mediated vasodilatation might hinder Nox4 protective renal effects thus contributing to kidney injury. This suggests that effective therapies to counteract oxidative stress and prevent microvascular complications must identify the specific Nox subunits involved in metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Muñoz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Claudia Rodríguez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Pilar Martínez
- Departamento de Anatomía y Embriología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Sáenz-Medina
- Departamento de Urología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Climent
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Benedito
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Luis Rivera
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Medardo Hernández
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Prieto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
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Burtenshaw D, Kitching M, Redmond EM, Megson IL, Cahill PA. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), Intimal Thickening, and Subclinical Atherosclerotic Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2019; 6:89. [PMID: 31428618 PMCID: PMC6688526 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Arteriosclerosis causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Central to this process is the development of subclinical non-atherosclerotic intimal lesions before the appearance of pathologic intimal thickening and advanced atherosclerotic plaques. Intimal thickening is associated with several risk factors, including oxidative stress due to reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory cytokines and lipid. The main ROS producing systems in-vivo are reduced nicotinamide dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX). ROS effects are context specific. Exogenous ROS induces apoptosis and senescence, whereas intracellular ROS promotes stem cell differentiation, proliferation, and migration. Lineage tracing studies using murine models of subclinical atherosclerosis have revealed the contributory role of medial smooth muscle cells (SMCs), resident vascular stem cells, circulating bone-marrow progenitors and endothelial cells that undergo endothelial-mesenchymal-transition (EndMT). This review will address the putative physiological and patho-physiological roles of ROS in controlling vascular cell fate and ROS contribution to vascular regeneration and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Burtenshaw
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Eileen M Redmond
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Ian L Megson
- Centre for Health Science, UHI Institute of Health Research and Innovation, Inverness, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Cahill
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics, School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
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31
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Meza CA, La Favor JD, Kim DH, Hickner RC. Endothelial Dysfunction: Is There a Hyperglycemia-Induced Imbalance of NOX and NOS? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153775. [PMID: 31382355 PMCID: PMC6696313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOX) are enzyme complexes that have received much attention as key molecules in the development of vascular dysfunction. NOX have the primary function of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), and are considered the main source of ROS production in endothelial cells. The endothelium is a thin monolayer that lines the inner surface of blood vessels, acting as a secretory organ to maintain homeostasis of blood flow. The enzymatic production of nitric oxide (NO) by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) is critical in mediating endothelial function, and oxidative stress can cause dysregulation of eNOS and endothelial dysfunction. Insulin is a stimulus for increases in blood flow and endothelium-dependent vasodilation. However, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes are characterized by poor control of the endothelial cell redox environment, with a shift toward overproduction of ROS by NOX. Studies in models of type 2 diabetes demonstrate that aberrant NOX activation contributes to uncoupling of eNOS and endothelial dysfunction. It is well-established that endothelial dysfunction precedes the onset of cardiovascular disease, therefore NOX are important molecular links between type 2 diabetes and vascular complications. The aim of the current review is to describe the normal, healthy physiological mechanisms involved in endothelial function, and highlight the central role of NOX in mediating endothelial dysfunction when glucose homeostasis is impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar A Meza
- Department of Nutrition, Food & Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Justin D La Favor
- Department of Nutrition, Food & Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Do-Houn Kim
- Department of Nutrition, Food & Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Robert C Hickner
- Department of Nutrition, Food & Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
- Institute of Sports Sciences and Medicine, College of Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
- Department of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville 4041, South Africa.
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Wang L, Li X, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Ma Q. Oxymatrine ameliorates diabetes-induced aortic endothelial dysfunction via the regulation of eNOS and NOX4. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:7323-7332. [PMID: 30456880 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM Oxymatrine (OMT) is the major quinolizidine alkaloid extracted from the root of Sophora flavescens Ait (the Chinese herb Kushen) and exhibits diverse pharmacological actions. In this study, we investigated the effects of OMT on diabetes-associated aortic endothelial dysfunction in a rat model of diabetes and its mechanisms. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, diabetic rats, diabetic rats treated with OMT (60, 120 mg/kg per day, by gavage), and diabetic rats treated with metformin (20 mg/kg per day, by gavage). The serum fasting blood glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and nitric oxide (NO) levels were determined with commercial kits. Biochemical indices reflecting oxidative stress, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were analyzed with commercial kits. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) was measured by fluorescence microscopy. Histological analyses were conducted to observe morphological changes. Western blot analysis was applied to detect the expression levels of eNOS and NOX4. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expressions of eNOS and NOX4 messenger RNA (mRNA). RESULTS The diabetic rats exhibited markedly reduced body weight and increased plasma glucose levels. Moreover, the diabetic rats showed oxidative stress (significantly increased MDA and decreased SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, and serum NO levels). Hyperglycemia caused significant endothelial injury and dysfunction, including vasodilative and histologic changes in the diabetic rats. The expressions of phospho-eNOS protein and mRNA were significantly decreased, while the NOX4 protein expression was increased in the aortas of the diabetic rats. All of these diabetes-induced effects were reversed by OMT in the diabetic rats. CONCLUSION The OMT treatment ameliorates diabetic endothelial dysfunction through enhanced NO bioavailability by upregulating eNOS expression and downregulating expression of NOX4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinliang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Institue of Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yanqi Zhang
- 2016 Class B, Department of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongpan Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institue of Chinese Medicine, Hunan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China.,Department of clinic, Medicine School, Changsha Social Work College, Changsha, China
| | - Yinzhuang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qilin Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Chen X, Wu Q, Jiang H, Wang J, Zhao Y, Xu Y, Zhu M. SET8 is involved in the regulation of hyperglycemic memory in human umbilical endothelial cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:635-642. [PMID: 29762637 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemic memory occurs in diabetic cardiovascular complications, but the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Although the depletion of SET8 leads to increased mitochondrial oxidative stress via increasing cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, the role of SET8 in hyperglycemic memory-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is not well understood. Here, we investigated the role of SET8 in this setting. Our results showed that high glucose-induced vascular inflammation, ROS production and apoptosis remained at high levels even when glucose returned to normal level. Elevated glucose reduced SET8 expression, which also remained at low level after returning to normoglycemia. SET8 overexpression protected cells from elevated glucose and hyperglycemic memory-induced endothelial injury by blocking ROS accumulation, attenuating vascular inflammation, and restoring nitric oxide production. Thus, our results suggest that SET8 may be a key mediator in hyperglycemic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyuan Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qichao Wu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqiang Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjun Zhao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minmin Zhu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Manea SA, Antonescu ML, Fenyo IM, Raicu M, Simionescu M, Manea A. Epigenetic regulation of vascular NADPH oxidase expression and reactive oxygen species production by histone deacetylase-dependent mechanisms in experimental diabetes. Redox Biol 2018; 16:332-343. [PMID: 29587244 PMCID: PMC5953221 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by up-regulated NADPH oxidase (Nox) contribute to structural-functional alterations of the vascular wall in diabetes. Epigenetic mechanisms, such as histone acetylation, emerged as important regulators of gene expression in cardiovascular disorders. Since their role in diabetes is still elusive we hypothesized that histone deacetylase (HDAC)-dependent mechanisms could mediate vascular Nox overexpression in diabetic conditions. Non-diabetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6J mice were randomized to receive vehicle or suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a pan-HDAC inhibitor. In vitro studies were performed on a human aortic smooth muscle cell (SMC) line. Aortic SMCs typically express Nox1, Nox4, and Nox5 subtypes. HDAC1 and HDAC2 proteins along with Nox1, Nox2, and Nox4 levels were found significantly elevated in the aortas of diabetic mice compared to non-diabetic animals. Treatment of diabetic mice with SAHA mitigated the aortic expression of Nox1, Nox2, and Nox4 subtypes and NADPH-stimulated ROS production. High concentrations of glucose increased HDAC1 and HDAC2 protein levels in cultured SMCs. SAHA significantly reduced the high glucose-induced Nox1/4/5 expression, ROS production, and the formation malondialdehyde-protein adducts in SMCs. Overexpression of HDAC2 up-regulated the Nox1/4/5 gene promoter activities in SMCs. Physical interactions of HDAC1/2 and p300 proteins with Nox1/4/5 promoters were detected at the sites of active transcription. High glucose induced histone H3K27 acetylation enrichment at the promoters of Nox1/4/5 genes in SMCs. The novel data of this study indicate that HDACs mediate vascular Nox up-regulation in diabetes. HDAC inhibition reduces vascular ROS production in experimental diabetes, possibly by a mechanism involving negative regulation of Nox expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona-Adriana Manea
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela-Loredana Antonescu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Madalina Fenyo
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Raicu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maya Simionescu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adrian Manea
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania.
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Moll F, Walter M, Rezende F, Helfinger V, Vasconez E, De Oliveira T, Greten FR, Olesch C, Weigert A, Radeke HH, Schröder K. NoxO1 Controls Proliferation of Colon Epithelial Cells. Front Immunol 2018; 9:973. [PMID: 29867954 PMCID: PMC5951971 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by enzymes of the NADPH oxidase family serve as second messengers for cellular signaling. Processes such as differentiation and proliferation are regulated by NADPH oxidases. In the intestine, due to the exceedingly fast and constant renewal of the epithelium both processes have to be highly controlled and balanced. Nox1 is the major NADPH oxidase expressed in the gut, and its function is regulated by cytosolic subunits such as NoxO1. We hypothesize that the NoxO1-controlled activity of Nox1 contributes to a proper epithelial homeostasis and renewal in the gut. Results NoxO1 is highly expressed in the colon. Knockout of NoxO1 reduces the production of superoxide in colon crypts and is not subsidized by an elevated expression of its homolog p47phox. Knockout of NoxO1 increases the proliferative capacity and prevents apoptosis of colon epithelial cells. In mouse models of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis and azoxymethane/DSS induced colon cancer, NoxO1 has a protective role and may influence the population of natural killer cells. Conclusion NoxO1 affects colon epithelium homeostasis and prevents inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Moll
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Maria Walter
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Flávia Rezende
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Valeska Helfinger
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Estefania Vasconez
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tiago De Oliveira
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Florian R Greten
- Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Catherine Olesch
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Katrin Schröder
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
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