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Nie Z, Zhai F, Zhang H, Zheng H, Pei J. The multiple roles of viral 3D pol protein in picornavirus infections. Virulence 2024; 15:2333562. [PMID: 38622757 PMCID: PMC11020597 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2333562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The Picornaviridae are a large group of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses, and most research has focused on the Enterovirus genus, given they present a severe health risk to humans. Other picornaviruses, such as foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and senecavirus A (SVA), affect agricultural production with high animal mortality to cause huge economic losses. The 3Dpol protein of picornaviruses is widely known to be used for genome replication; however, a growing number of studies have demonstrated its non-polymerase roles, including modulation of host cell biological processes, viral replication complex assembly and localization, autophagy, and innate immune responses. Currently, there is no effective vaccine to control picornavirus diseases widely, and clinical therapeutic strategies have limited efficiency in combating infections. Many efforts have been made to develop different types of drugs to prohibit virus survival; the most important target for drug development is the virus polymerase, a necessary element for virus replication. For picornaviruses, there are also active efforts in targeted 3Dpol drug development. This paper reviews the interaction of 3Dpol proteins with the host and the progress of drug development targeting 3Dpol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fengge Zhai
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haixue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Pei
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Province Research Center for Basic Disciplines of Pathogen Biology, Lanzhou, China
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Hu J, Yang F, Yang G, Pan J, Tan Y, Tang Y, Liu Y, Zhang H, Wang J. Integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics to reveal the protective effect and mechanism of Bushen Kangshuai Granules on the elderly people. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1361284. [PMID: 39135783 PMCID: PMC11317404 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1361284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Aging is characterized by a decline in the adaptability and resistance of the body. In this study, Bushen Kangshuai Granules (BKG), as a kind of Chinese herbal formula, was developed and shown to alleviate aging-related symptoms. Methods: Self-controlled study combined with RNA-seq and metabonomics were used to expound the efficacy and safety of BKG and revealed the regulation mechanism of BKG treating aging. In vitro experiments were used to confirm the analytical results. The aging cell model of AC16 cells were treated with D-galactose. The RT-qPCR was used to detect the impact of BKG on telomere length. The DCFH-DA staining was used for detecting intracellular ROS. The targeted signaling pathway was selected and verified using Western blot. Results: After 8 weeks of treatment, BKG significantly reduced SOD level (p = 0.046), TCM aging symptoms (p < 0.001) and TNF-α level (p = 0.044) in the elderly participants. High-throughput sequencing showed that BKG reversed the expression of 70 and 79 age-related genes and metabolites, respectively. Further enrichment analysis indicated that BKG downregulated the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, and Rap1 signaling pathway, while up-regulating sphingolipid metabolism. The results of in vitro experiments show that, after D-gal treatment, the viability and telomere length of AC16 cells significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while the expression of ROS increased (p < 0.05), BKG significantly increased the telomere length of AC16 cells and reduced the level of ROS expression (p < 0.05). In addition, BKG decreased the expression of THBS1, PDGFRA, and EPS8L1(p < 0.05), consistent with the RNA-seq results. Our results also showed that BKG affects PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion: BKG can significantly improve aging-related symptoms and increase SOD levels, which may be associated with the reversal of the expression of various aging-related genes. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and sphingolipid metabolism may be potential mechanisms underlying BKG anti-aging effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmin Yang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juhua Pan
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yumeng Tan
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yalin Tang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Yazaki J, Yamanashi T, Nemoto S, Kobayashi A, Han YW, Hasegawa T, Iwase A, Ishikawa M, Konno R, Imami K, Kawashima Y, Seita J. Mapping adipocyte interactome networks by HaloTag-enrichment-mass spectrometry. Biol Methods Protoc 2024; 9:bpae039. [PMID: 38884001 PMCID: PMC11180226 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Mapping protein interaction complexes in their natural state in vivo is arguably the Holy Grail of protein network analysis. Detection of protein interaction stoichiometry has been an important technical challenge, as few studies have focused on this. This may, however, be solved by artificial intelligence (AI) and proteomics. Here, we describe the development of HaloTag-based affinity purification mass spectrometry (HaloMS), a high-throughput HaloMS assay for protein interaction discovery. The approach enables the rapid capture of newly expressed proteins, eliminating tedious conventional one-by-one assays. As a proof-of-principle, we used HaloMS to evaluate the protein complex interactions of 17 regulatory proteins in human adipocytes. The adipocyte interactome network was validated using an in vitro pull-down assay and AI-based prediction tools. Applying HaloMS to probe adipocyte differentiation facilitated the identification of previously unknown transcription factor (TF)-protein complexes, revealing proteome-wide human adipocyte TF networks and shedding light on how different pathways are integrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junshi Yazaki
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Laboratory for Genome Biology, Setsunan University, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamanashi
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- Medical Data Deep Learning Team, Advanced Data Science Project, RIKEN Information R&D and Strategy Headquarters, RIKEN, Tokyo, 103-0027, Japan
- School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Shino Nemoto
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Atsuo Kobayashi
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yong-Woon Han
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Tomoko Hasegawa
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Akira Iwase
- Cell Function Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Masaki Ishikawa
- Department of Applied Genomics, Technology Development Team, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Ryo Konno
- Department of Applied Genomics, Technology Development Team, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Koshi Imami
- Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawashima
- Department of Applied Genomics, Technology Development Team, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Jun Seita
- Laboratory for Integrative Genomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
- Medical Data Deep Learning Team, Advanced Data Science Project, RIKEN Information R&D and Strategy Headquarters, RIKEN, Tokyo, 103-0027, Japan
- School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8577, Japan
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Zhao C, Song Y, Zhang G, Zhang K, Yin S, Ji J. Multi-omics analysis identifies sex-specific hepatic protein-metabolite networks in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) exposed to chronic hypoxia. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131892. [PMID: 38677698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia disrupts the endocrine system of teleosts. The liver plays important roles in the endocrine system, energy storage, and metabolic processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the sex-specific hepatic response of yellow catfish under chronic hypoxia at the multi-omics level. Common hepatic responses in both sexes included the HIF-1 signaling pathway, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and steroid biosynthesis. Hypoxia dysregulated primary bile acid biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, and vitellogenin levels in female fish. Endoplasmic reticulum function in females also tended to be disrupted by hypoxia, as evidenced by significantly enriched pathways, including ribosome, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, and RNA degradation. Other pathways, including the TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and Parkinson's and Huntington's disease, were highly enriched by hypoxia in male fish, suggesting that mitochondrial function was dysregulated. In both sexes of yellow catfish, the cell cycle was arrested and apoptosis was inhibited under chronic hypoxia. Multi-omics suggested that SLC2A5, CD209, LGMN, and NEDD8 served as sex-specific markers in these fish under chronic hypoxia. Our results provide insights into hepatic adaptation to chronic hypoxia and facilitate our understanding of sex-specific responses in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhao
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufeng Song
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guosong Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Heze University, Heze, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaowu Yin
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jie Ji
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Lian Yungang, Jiangsu, China.
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Dai Y, Lin X, Liu N, Shi L, Zhuo F, Huang Q, Gu W, Zhao F, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Pan Y, Zhang S. Integrative analysis of transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles reveals abnormal phosphatidylinositol metabolism in follicles from endometriosis‐associated infertility patients. J Pathol 2023. [PMID: 36992523 DOI: 10.1002/path.6079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder that causes female infertility. Our recent research found that excessive oxidative stress in ovaries of endometriosis patients induced senescence of cumulus granulosa cells. Here, we analyzed the transcriptomic and metabolomics profiles of follicles in a mouse model of endometriosis and in patients with endometriosis and investigated the potential function of changed metabolites in granulosa cells. RNA-sequencing indicated that both endometriosis lesions and oxidative stress in mice induced abnormalities of reactive oxidative stress, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and lipid metabolism. The mouse model and women with endometriosis showed altered lipid metabolism. Nontargeted metabolite profiling of follicular fluid from endometriosis and male-factor infertility patients by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry identified 55 upregulated and 67 downregulated metabolites. These differential metabolites were mainly involved in steroid hormone biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Phosphatidylinositol (PI 16:0/18:2) was significantly elevated in follicular fluid from endometriosis patients compared with controls (p < 0.05), while lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI 18:2, 20:2, 18:1, 20:3 and 18:3) was reduced (p < 0.05). Upregulated PI and downregulated LPI correlated with oocyte retrieval number and mature oocyte number. LPI inhibited cellular reactive oxidative stress induced by hemin in granulosa cells. Cell proliferation inhibition, senescence, and apoptosis induced by hemin were partially reversed by LPI. Moreover, LPI administration rescued hemin blocking of cumulus-oocyte complex expansion and stimulated expression of ovulation-related genes. Transcriptomic Switching mechanism at 5' end of the RNA transcript sequencing and western blot revealed that LPI effects on granulosa cells were associated with its regulation of MAPK-ERK1/2 signaling, which was suppressed in the presence of hemin. In conclusion, our results revealed the dysregulation of lipid metabolism in endometriotic follicles. LPI may represent a novel agent for in vitro follicular culture that reverses the excessive oxidative stress from endometriotic lesions. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdong Dai
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Na Liu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Libing Shi
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Feng Zhuo
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Qianmeng Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Weijia Gu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Fanxuan Zhao
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yinli Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yinbin Pan
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Songying Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, PR China
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Wang Z, Brannick E, Abasht B. Integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals alterations in energy metabolism and mitochondrial functionality in broiler chickens with wooden breast. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4747. [PMID: 36959331 PMCID: PMC10036619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31429-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This integrative study of transcriptomics and metabolomics aimed to improve our understanding of Wooden Breast myopathy (WB). Breast muscle samples from 8 WB affected and 8 unaffected male broiler chickens of 47 days of age were harvested for metabolite profiling. Among these 16 samples, 5 affected and 6 unaffected also underwent gene expression profiling. The Joint Pathway Analysis was applied on 119 metabolites and 3444 genes exhibiting differential abundance or expression between WB affected and unaffected chickens. Mitochondrial dysfunctions in WB was suggested by higher levels of monoacylglycerols and down-regulated genes involved in lipid production, fatty acid beta oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation. Lower levels of carnosine and anserine, along with down-regulated carnosine synthase 1 suggested decreased carnosine synthesis and hence impaired antioxidant capacity in WB. Additionally, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis results indicated that abundance of inosine monophosphate, significantly lower in WB muscle, was correlated with mRNA expression levels of numerous genes related to focal adhesion, extracellular matrix and intercellular signaling, implying its function in connecting and possibly regulating multiple key biological pathways. Overall, this study showed not only the consistency between transcript and metabolite profiles, but also the potential in gaining further insights from analyzing multi-omics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Wang
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Erin Brannick
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Behnam Abasht
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA.
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Thermogenic Adipose Redox Mechanisms: Potential Targets for Metabolic Disease Therapies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010196. [PMID: 36671058 PMCID: PMC9854447 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), have several negative health outcomes on affected humans. Dysregulated energy metabolism is a key component underlying the pathophysiology of these conditions. Adipose tissue is a fundamental regulator of energy homeostasis that utilizes several redox reactions to carry out the metabolism. Brown and beige adipose tissues, in particular, perform highly oxidative reactions during non-shivering thermogenesis to dissipate energy as heat. The appropriate regulation of energy metabolism then requires coordinated antioxidant mechanisms to counterbalance the oxidation reactions. Indeed, non-shivering thermogenesis activation can cause striking changes in concentrations of both oxidants and antioxidants in order to adapt to various oxidative environments. Current therapeutic options for metabolic diseases either translate poorly from rodent models to humans (in part due to the challenges of creating a physiologically relevant rodent model) or tend to have numerous side effects, necessitating novel therapies. As increased brown adipose tissue activity results in enhanced energy expenditure and is associated with beneficial effects on metabolic health, such as decreased obesity, it has gathered great interest as a modulator of metabolic disease. One potential reason for the beneficial health effects may be that although non-shivering thermogenesis is enormously oxidative, it is also associated with decreased oxidant formation after its activation. However, targeting its redox mechanisms specifically to alter metabolic disease remains an underexplored area. Therefore, this review will discuss the role of adipose tissue in energy homeostasis, non-shivering thermogenesis in adults, and redox mechanisms that may serve as novel therapeutic targets of metabolic disease.
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Li Y, Wang H, Chen H, Liao Y, Gou S, Yan Q, Zhuang Z, Li H, Wang J, Suo Y, Lan T, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Zou Q, Nie T, Hui X, Lai L, Wu D, Fan N. Generation of a genetically modified pig model with CREBRF R457Q variant. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22611. [PMID: 36250915 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is among the strongest risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D). The CREBRF missense allele rs373863828 (p. Arg457Gln, p. R457Q) is associated with increased body mass index but reduced risk of T2D in people of Pacific ancestry. To investigate the functional consequences of the CREBRF variant, we introduced the corresponding human mutation R457Q into the porcine genome. The CREBRFR457Q pigs displayed dramatically increased fat deposition, which was mainly distributed in subcutaneous adipose tissue other than visceral adipose tissue. The CREBRFR457Q variant promoted preadipocyte differentiation. The increased differentiation capacity of precursor adipocytes conferred pigs the unique histological phenotype that adipocytes had a smaller size but a greater number in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) of CREBRFR457Q variant pigs. In addition, in SAT of CREBRFR457Q pigs, the contents of the peroxidative metabolites 4-hydroxy-nonenal and malondialdehyde were significantly decreased, while the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, was increased, which was in accordance with the declined level of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in CREBRFR457Q pigs. Together, these data supported a causal role of the CREBRFR457Q variant in the pathogenesis of obesity, partly via adipocyte hyperplasia, and further suggested that reduced oxidative stress in adipose tissue may mediate the relative metabolic protection afforded by this variant despite the related obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Huangyao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Shixue Gou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanmei Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenpeng Zhuang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaowei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Suo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Lan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingjian Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Tao Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Hui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Liangxue Lai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Large Animal Models for Biomedicine, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, China
| | - Donghai Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Nana Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya Institute of Swine Resource, Hainan Provincial Research Centre of Laboratory Animals, Sanya, China.,Research Unit of Generation of Large Animal Disease Models, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU015), Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
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9
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Anik MI, Mahmud N, Masud AA, Khan MI, Islam MN, Uddin S, Hossain MK. Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Aging and Age-Related Diseases: A Review. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:4028-4054. [PMID: 36043942 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Research on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the aging process has advanced significantly over the last two decades. In light of recent findings, ROS takes part in the aging process of cells along with contributing to various physiological signaling pathways. Antioxidants being cells' natural defense mechanism against ROS-mediated alteration, play an imperative role to maintain intracellular ROS homeostasis. Although the complete understanding of the ROS regulated aging process is yet to be fully comprehended, current insights into various sources of cellular ROS and their correlation with the aging process and age-related diseases are portrayed in this review. In addition, results on the effect of antioxidants on ROS homeostasis and the aging process as well as their advances in clinical trials are also discussed in detail. The future perspective in ROS-antioxidant dynamics on antiaging research is also marshaled to provide future directions for ROS-mediated antiaging research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzahidul I Anik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Niaz Mahmud
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Masud
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ishak Khan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Md Nurul Islam
- Department of Bioregulatory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Shihab Uddin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - M Khalid Hossain
- Institute of Electronics, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
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10
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MicroRNA profiling of subcutaneous adipose tissue in periparturient dairy cows at high or moderate body condition. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14748. [PMID: 36042230 PMCID: PMC9427980 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18956-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence shows that microRNA (miRNA), play important roles in regulating adipose tissue (AT) physiology and function. The objective was to characterize the AT miRNA profile in over-conditioned (HBCS, n = 19) versus moderate-conditioned (MBCS, n = 19) periparturient dairy cows. Tail-head subcutaneous AT biopsied on d -49 and 21 relative to parturition were used for miRNA sequencing. The miR-486 was the most significant miRNA among the upregulated miRNA on d -49, which might be related to more pronounced changes in lipogenesis and altered insulin sensitivity in AT of HBCS cows at dry-off. Comparing HBCS to MBCS on d 21, 23 miRNA were downregulated and 20 were upregulated. The predicted targets of upregulated differentially expressed (DE)-miRNA on d 21 were enriched in different pathways, including pathways related to lysosomes and peroxisomes. The predicted targets of downregulated DE-miRNA on d 21 were enriched in various pathways, including epidermal growth factor receptor, insulin resistance, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway, and autophagy. The results showed that over-conditioning was associated with changes in SCAT miRNA profile mainly on d 21, of which most were downregulated. The enriched pathways may participate in over-conditioning-associated metabolic challenges during early lactation.
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11
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Kleiboeker B, Lodhi IJ. Peroxisomal regulation of energy homeostasis: Effect on obesity and related metabolic disorders. Mol Metab 2022; 65:101577. [PMID: 35988716 PMCID: PMC9442330 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peroxisomes are single membrane-bound organelles named for their role in hydrogen peroxide production and catabolism. However, their cellular functions extend well beyond reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism and include fatty acid oxidation of unique substrates that cannot be catabolized in mitochondria, and synthesis of ether lipids and bile acids. Metabolic functions of peroxisomes involve crosstalk with other organelles, including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lipid droplets and lysosomes. Emerging studies suggest that peroxisomes are important regulators of energy homeostasis and that disruption of peroxisomal functions influences the risk for obesity and the associated metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes and hepatic steatosis. SCOPE OF REVIEW Here, we focus on the role of peroxisomes in ether lipid synthesis, β-oxidation and ROS metabolism, given that these functions have been most widely studied and have physiologically relevant implications in systemic metabolism and obesity. Efforts are made to mechanistically link these cellular and systemic processes. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Circulating plasmalogens, a form of ether lipids, have been identified as inversely correlated biomarkers of obesity. Ether lipids influence metabolic homeostasis through multiple mechanisms, including regulation of mitochondrial morphology and respiration affecting brown fat-mediated thermogenesis, and through regulation of adipose tissue development. Peroxisomal β-oxidation also affects metabolic homeostasis through generation of signaling molecules, such as acetyl-CoA and ROS that inhibit hydrolysis of stored lipids, contributing to development of hepatic steatosis. Oxidative stress resulting from increased peroxisomal β-oxidation-generated ROS in the context of obesity mediates β-cell lipotoxicity. A better understanding of the roles peroxisomes play in regulating and responding to obesity and its complications will provide new opportunities for their treatment.
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12
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Zalckvar E, Schuldiner M. Beyond rare disorders: A new era for peroxisomal pathophysiology. Mol Cell 2022; 82:2228-2235. [PMID: 35714584 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism is emerging as a central influencer of multiple disease states in humans. Peroxisomes are central metabolic organelles whose decreased function gives rise to severe peroxisomal diseases. Recently, it is becoming clear that, beyond such rare inborn errors, the deterioration of peroxisomal functions contributes to multiple and prevalent diseases such as cancer, viral infection, diabetes, and neurodegeneration. Despite the clear importance of peroxisomes in common pathophysiological processes, research on the mechanisms underlying their contributions is still sparse. Here, we highlight the timeliness of focusing on peroxisomes in current research on central, abundant, and society-impacting human pathologies. As peroxisomes are now coming into the spotlight, it is clear that intensive research into these important organelles will enable a better understanding of their contribution to human health, serving as the basis to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to prevent and treat human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einat Zalckvar
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Maya Schuldiner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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13
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Meghnem D, Leong E, Pinelli M, Marshall JS, Di Cara F. Peroxisomes Regulate Cellular Free Fatty Acids to Modulate Mast Cell TLR2, TLR4, and IgE-Mediated Activation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:856243. [PMID: 35756999 PMCID: PMC9215104 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.856243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are specialized, tissue resident, immune effector cells able to respond to a wide range of stimuli. MCs are involved in the regulation of a variety of physiological functions, including vasodilation, angiogenesis and pathogen elimination. In addition, MCs recruit and regulate the functions of many immune cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, T cells, B cells and eosinophils through their selective production of multiple cytokines and chemokines. MCs generate and release multi-potent molecules, such as histamine, proteases, prostanoids, leukotrienes, heparin, and many cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors through both degranulation dependent and independent pathways. Recent studies suggested that metabolic shifts dictate the activation and granule content secretion by MCs, however the metabolic signaling promoting these events is at its infancy. Lipid metabolism is recognized as a pivotal immunometabolic regulator during immune cell activation. Peroxisomes are organelles found across all eukaryotes, with a pivotal role in lipid metabolism and the detoxification of reactive oxygen species. Peroxisomes are one of the emerging axes in immunometabolism. Here we identified the peroxisome as an essential player in MCs activation. We determined that lack of functional peroxisomes in murine MCs causes a significant reduction of interleukin-6, Tumor necrosis factor and InterleukinL-13 following immunoglobulin IgE-mediated and Toll like receptor 2 and 4 activation compared to the Wild type (WT) BMMCs. We linked these defects in cytokine release to defects in free fatty acids homeostasis. In conclusion, our study identified the importance of peroxisomal fatty acids homeostasis in regulating mast cell-mediated immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dihia Meghnem
- Dalhousie Human Immunology and Inflammation Group, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Nova Scotia Health Authority IWK, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Edwin Leong
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Marinella Pinelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Nova Scotia Health Authority IWK, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jean S. Marshall
- Dalhousie Human Immunology and Inflammation Group, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- *Correspondence: Jean S. Marshall, ; Francesca Di Cara,
| | - Francesca Di Cara
- Department of Pediatrics, Nova Scotia Health Authority IWK, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- *Correspondence: Jean S. Marshall, ; Francesca Di Cara,
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14
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Hydroxyacid Oxidase 2 (HAO2) Inhibits the Tumorigenicity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Is Negatively Regulated by miR-615-5p. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:5003930. [PMID: 35528616 PMCID: PMC9071856 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5003930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common kind of cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of cancer mortality. Although a few studies have shown that hydroxyacid oxidase 2 (HAO2) may prevent HCC development, the molecular mechanism is unclear. Methods We examined the levels of HAO2 expression in 23 pairs of HCC/paracancerous tissues by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and evaluated HAO2's expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Furthermore, we examined the biological activity of HAO2 utilizing cell-based functional assays. Additionally, we evaluated the relationship between miR-615-5p and HAO2 in Hep3B cells using a dual-luciferase reporter system and assessed the downstream regulatory mechanisms of miR-615-5p on HAO2. Finally, the nude mice tumor formation experiment was used to determine the impact of HAO2 on the tumorigenicity of HCC cells. Results HAO2 expression was considerably underexpression in HCC tissues and cells, and patients with low HAO2 expression had poorer disease-free survival. Inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion was observed when HAO2 was overexpressed. miR-615-5p had a negative relation with HAO2, and miR-615-5p restored HAO2's biological activity in HCC cells. Additionally, the tumor volume and weight were considerably reduced in the OV-HAO2 group compared to the OV-NC group. Conclusion HAO2 was found to be underexpressed in HCC tissues and cells, and HAO2 overexpression inhibited HCC cell motility, which was negatively regulated by miR-615-5p. Exogenous expression of HAO2 reduced the tumorigenicity of HCC cells in vivo in nude mice.
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15
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Schettini GP, Peripolli E, Alexandre PA, Dos Santos WB, da Silva Neto JB, Pereira ASC, de Albuquerque LG, Curi RA, Baldi F. Transcriptomic profile of longissimus thoracis associated with fatty acid content in Nellore beef cattle. Anim Genet 2022; 53:264-280. [PMID: 35384007 DOI: 10.1111/age.13199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The beef fatty acid (FA) profile has the potential to impact human health, and displays polygenic and complex features. This study aimed to identify the transcriptomic FA profile in the longissimus thoracis muscle in Nellore beef cattle finished in feedlot. Forty-four young bulls were sampled to assess the beef FA profile by considering 14 phenotypes and including differentially expressed genes (DEG), co-expressed (COE), and differentially co-expressed genes (DCO) analyses. All samples (n = 44) were used for COE analysis, whereas 30 samples with extreme phenotypes for the beef FA profile were used for DEG and DCO. A total of 912 DEG were identified, and the polyunsaturated (n = 563) and unsaturated ω-3 (n = 346) FA sums groups were the most frequently observed. The COE analyses identified three modules, of which the blue module (n = 1776) was correlated with eight of 14 FA phenotypes. Also, 759 DCO genes were listed, and the oleic acid (n = 358) and monounsaturated fatty acids sum (n = 120) were the most frequent. Furthermore, 243 and 13, 319 and seven, and 173 and 12 gene ontology terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were enriched respectively for the DEG, COE, and DCO analyses. Combining the results, we highlight the unexplored GIPC2, ASB5, and PPP5C genes in cattle. Besides LIPE and INSIG2 genes in COE modules, the ACSL3, ECI1, DECR2, FITM1, and SDHB genes were signaled in at least two analyses. These findings contribute to understand the genetic mechanisms underlying the beef FA profile in Nellore beef cattle finished in feedlot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Pimenta Schettini
- School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Elisa Peripolli
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Pâmela Almeida Alexandre
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Agriculture & Food, Birsbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - João Barbosa da Silva Neto
- School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | | | - Lúcia Galvão de Albuquerque
- School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Rogério Abdallah Curi
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science (FMVZ), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Fernando Baldi
- School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
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16
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Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073595. [PMID: 35408956 PMCID: PMC8999031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is one of the richest organs in mitochondria, serving as a hub for key metabolic pathways such as β-oxidation, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, ketogenesis, respiratory activity, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, all of which provide metabolic energy for the entire body. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been linked to subcellular organelle dysfunction in liver diseases, particularly fatty liver disease. Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is a life-threatening liver disorder unique to pregnancy, which can result in serious maternal and fetal complications, including death. Pregnant mothers with this disease require early detection, prompt delivery, and supportive maternal care. AFLP was considered a mysterious illness and though its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, molecular research over the past two decades has linked AFLP to mitochondrial dysfunction and defects in fetal fatty-acid oxidation (FAO). Due to deficient placental and fetal FAO, harmful 3-hydroxy fatty acid metabolites accumulate in the maternal circulation, causing oxidative stress and microvesicular fatty infiltration of the liver, resulting in AFLP. In this review, we provide an overview of AFLP and mitochondrial FAO followed by discussion of how altered mitochondrial function plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AFLP.
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17
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Zachut M, Contreras GA. Symposium review: Mechanistic insights into adipose tissue inflammation and oxidative stress in periparturient dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:3670-3686. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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van Liempd S, Cabrera D, Pilzner C, Kollmus H, Schughart K, Falcón-Pérez JM. Impaired beta-oxidation increases vulnerability to influenza A infection. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101298. [PMID: 34637789 PMCID: PMC8564733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection casts a significant burden on society. It has particularly high morbidity and mortality rates in patients suffering from metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to relate metabolic changes with IAV susceptibility using well-characterized inbred mouse models. We compared the highly susceptible DBA/2J (D2) mouse strain for which IAV infection is lethal with the C57BL/6J (B6) strain, which exhibits a moderate course of disease and survives IAV infection. Previous studies showed that D2 has higher insulin and glucose levels and is predisposed to develop diet-induced type 2 diabetes. Using high-resolution liquid chromatography–coupled MS, the plasma metabolomes of individual animals were repeatedly measured up to 30 days postinfection. The biggest metabolic difference between these strains in healthy and infected states was in the levels of malonylcarnitine, which was consistently increased 5-fold in D2. Other interstrain and intrastrain differences in healthy and infected animals were observed for acylcarnitines, glucose, branched-chain amino acids, and oxidized fatty acids. By mapping metabolic changes to canonical pathways, we found that mitochondrial beta-oxidation is likely disturbed in D2 animals. In noninfected D2 mice, this leads to increased glycerolipid production and reduced acylcarnitine production, whereas in infected D2 animals, peroxisomal beta-oxidation becomes strongly increased. From these studies, we conclude that metabolic changes caused by a distortion of mitochondrial and peroxisomal metabolism might impact the innate immune response in D2, leading to high viral titers and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Cabrera
- Metabolomics Platform CIC bioGUNE-BRTA, Derio, Spain
| | - Carolin Pilzner
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Heike Kollmus
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Klaus Schughart
- Department of Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany; University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Juan M Falcón-Pérez
- Metabolomics Platform CIC bioGUNE-BRTA, Derio, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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19
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Mucha P, Skoczyńska A, Małecka M, Hikisz P, Budzisz E. Overview of the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Selected Plant Compounds and Their Metal Ions Complexes. Molecules 2021; 26:4886. [PMID: 34443474 PMCID: PMC8398118 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous plant compounds and their metal-ion complexes exert antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and other beneficial effects. This review highlights the different bioactivities of flavonoids, chromones, and coumarins and their metal-ions complexes due to different structural characteristics. In addition to insight into the most studied antioxidative properties of these compounds, the first part of the review provides a comprehensive overview of exogenous and endogenous sources of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, oxidative stress-mediated damages of lipids and proteins, and on protective roles of antioxidant defense systems, including plant-derived antioxidants. Additionally, the review covers the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of flavonoids, chromones, coumarins and their metal-ion complexes which support its application in medicine, pharmacy, and cosmetology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Mucha
- Department of the Chemistry of Cosmetic Raw Materials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Łódź, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Łódź, Poland
| | - Anna Skoczyńska
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Poniatowskiego 15, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Małecka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Pomorska 163/165, 90-236 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Paweł Hikisz
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Elzbieta Budzisz
- Department of the Chemistry of Cosmetic Raw Materials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Łódź, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Łódź, Poland
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20
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Redox Regulation of Lipid Mobilization in Adipose Tissues. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071090. [PMID: 34356323 PMCID: PMC8301038 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid mobilization in adipose tissues, which includes lipogenesis and lipolysis, is a paramount process in regulating systemic energy metabolism. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are byproducts of cellular metabolism that exert signaling functions in several cellular processes, including lipolysis and lipogenesis. During lipolysis, the adipose tissue generates ROS and RNS and thus requires a robust antioxidant response to maintain tight regulation of redox signaling. This review will discuss the production of ROS and RNS within the adipose tissue, their role in regulating lipolysis and lipogenesis, and the implications of antioxidants on lipid mobilization.
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21
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Korac B, Kalezic A, Pekovic-Vaughan V, Korac A, Jankovic A. Redox changes in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101887. [PMID: 33579666 PMCID: PMC8113039 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
"Life is an instantaneous encounter of circulating matter and flowing energy" (Jean Giaja, Serbian physiologist), is one of the most elegant definitions not only of life but the relationship of redox biology and metabolism. Their evolutionary liaison has created inseparable yet dynamic homeostasis in health, which, when disrupted, leads to disease. This interconnection is even more pertinent today, in an era of increasing metabolic diseases of epidemic proportions such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Despite great advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of redox and metabolic regulation, we face significant challenges in preventing, diagnosing, and treating metabolic diseases. The etiological association and temporal overlap of these syndromes present significant challenges for the discrimination of appropriate clinical biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment, and outcome prediction. These multifactorial, multiorgan metabolic syndromes with complex etiopathogenic mechanisms are accompanied by disturbed redox equilibrium in target tissues and circulation. Free radicals and reactive species are considered both a causal factor and a consequence of disease status. Thus, determining the subtypes and levels of free radicals and reactive species, oxidatively damaged biomolecules (lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) and antioxidant defense components as well as redox-sensitive transcription factors and fluxes of redox-dependent metabolic pathways will help define existing and establish novel redox biomarkers for stratifying metabolic diseases. This review aims to discuss diverse redox/metabolic aspects in obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, with the imperative to help establish a platform for emerging and future redox-metabolic biomarkers research in precision medicine. Future research warrants detailed investigations into the status of redox biomarkers in healthy subjects and patients, including the use of emerging 'omic' profiling technologies (e.g., redox proteomes, lipidomes, metabolomes, and transcriptomes), taking into account the influence of lifestyle (diet, physical activity, sleep, work patterns) as well as circadian ~24h fluctuations in circulatory factors and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bato Korac
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia; Center for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Andjelika Kalezic
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vanja Pekovic-Vaughan
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, William Henry Duncan Building, University of Liverpool, L7 8TX, Liverpool, UK
| | - Aleksandra Korac
- Center for Electron Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Jankovic
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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22
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Rahman S, Mathew S, Nair P, Ramadan WS, Vazhappilly CG. Health benefits of cyanidin-3-glucoside as a potent modulator of Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:907-923. [PMID: 33740221 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00799-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Berries are natural sources of anthocyanins, especially cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), and exhibit significant antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective effects against various oxidative stress-induced disorders. C3G and its metabolites possess higher absorption and bioavailability, and interaction with gut microbiota may enhance their health benefits. Various in vitro studies have shown the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mitigating potential of C3G. However, in in vivo models, C3G exerts its cytoprotective properties by regulating the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant-responsive element (ARE) pathway. Despite existing reports stating various health benefits of C3G, its antioxidant potential by modulating the Nrf2 pathway remains less identified. This review discusses the Nrf2-mediated antioxidant response of C3G in modulating oxidative stress against DNA damage, apoptosis, carcinogen toxicity, and inflammatory conditions. Furthermore, we have reviewed the recent clinical trial data to establish cross talk between a berry-rich diet and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Rahman
- School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, USA
| | - Shimy Mathew
- Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, 10021, UAE
| | - Pooja Nair
- Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, 10021, UAE
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE.,College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Cijo George Vazhappilly
- Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, 10021, UAE.
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23
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Fracassi A, Marcatti M, Zolochevska O, Tabor N, Woltjer R, Moreno S, Taglialatela G. Oxidative Damage and Antioxidant Response in Frontal Cortex of Demented and Nondemented Individuals with Alzheimer's Neuropathology. J Neurosci 2021; 41:538-554. [PMID: 33239403 PMCID: PMC7821866 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0295-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration in the cerebral cortex, histopathologically hallmarked by amyloid β (Aβ) extracellular plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, constituted by hyperphosphorylated tau protein. Correlation between these pathologic features and dementia has been challenged by the emergence of "nondemented with Alzheimer's neuropathology" (NDAN) individuals, cognitively intact despite displaying pathologic features of AD. The existence of these subjects suggests that some unknown mechanisms are triggered to resist Aβ-mediated detrimental events. Aβ accumulation affects mitochondrial redox balance, increasing oxidative stress status, which in turn is proposed as a primary culprit in AD pathogenesis. To clarify the relationship linking Aβ, oxidative stress, and cognitive impairment, we performed a comparative study on AD, NDAN, and aged-matched human postmortem frontal cortices of either sex. We quantitatively analyzed immunofluorescence distribution of oxidative damage markers, and of SOD2 (superoxide dismutase 2), PGC1α [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ-coactivator 1α], PPARα, and catalase as key factors in antioxidant response, as well as the expression of miRNA-485, as a PGC1α upstream regulator. Our results confirm dramatic redox imbalance, associated with impaired antioxidant defenses in AD brain. By contrast, NDAN individuals display low oxidative damage, which is associated with high levels of scavenging systems, possibly resulting from a lack of PGC1α miRNA-485-related inhibition. Comparative analyses in neurons and astrocytes further highlighted cell-specific mechanisms to counteract redox imbalance. Overall, our data emphasize the importance of transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of antioxidant response in AD. This suggests that an efficient PGC1α-dependent "safety mechanism" may prevent Aβ-mediated oxidative stress, supporting neuroprotective therapies aimed at ameliorating defects in antioxidant response pathways in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fracassi
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77550
| | - Michela Marcatti
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77550
| | - Olga Zolochevska
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77550
| | - Natalie Tabor
- Neuroscience Summer Undergraduate Program, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555
| | - Randall Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239-3098
| | - Sandra Moreno
- Department of Science, LIME, University Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulio Taglialatela
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, Texas 77550
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24
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O’Brien J, Wendell SG. Electrophile Modulation of Inflammation: A Two-Hit Approach. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10110453. [PMID: 33182676 PMCID: PMC7696920 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrophilic small molecules have gained significant attention over the last decade in the field of covalent drug discovery. Long recognized as mediators of the inflammatory process, recent evidence suggests that electrophiles may modulate the immune response through the regulation of metabolic networks. These molecules function as pleiotropic signaling mediators capable of reversibly reacting with nucleophilic biomolecules, most notably at reactive cysteines. More specifically, electrophiles target critical cysteines in redox regulatory proteins to activate protective pathways such as the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Nrf2-Keap1) antioxidant signaling pathway while also inhibiting Nuclear Factor κB (NF-κB). During inflammatory states, reactive species broadly alter cell signaling through the oxidation of lipids, amino acids, and nucleic acids, effectively propagating the inflammatory sequence. Subsequent changes in metabolic signaling inform immune cell maturation and effector function. Therapeutic strategies targeting inflammatory pathologies leverage electrophilic drug compounds, in part, because of their documented effect on the redox balance of the cell. With mounting evidence demonstrating the link between redox signaling and metabolism, electrophiles represent ideal therapeutic candidates for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. Through their pleiotropic signaling activity, electrophiles may be used strategically to both directly and indirectly target immune cell metabolism.
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25
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Xu H, Hu L, Liu T, Chen F, Li J, Xu J, Jiang L, Xiang Z, Wang X, Sheng J. Caffeine Targets G6PDH to Disrupt Redox Homeostasis and Inhibit Renal Cell Carcinoma Proliferation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:556162. [PMID: 33123534 PMCID: PMC7573228 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.556162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and plays a crucial role in the maintenance of redox homeostasis by producing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), the major intracellular reductant. G6PDH has been shown to be a biomarker and potential therapeutic target for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Here, we report a previously unknown biochemical mechanism through which caffeine, a well-known natural small molecule, regulates G6PDH activity to disrupt cellular redox homeostasis and suppress RCC development and progression. We found that caffeine can inhibit G6PDH enzymatic activity. Mechanistically, caffeine directly binds to G6PDH with high affinity (K D = 0.1923 μM) and competes with the coenzyme NADP+ for G6PDH binding, as demonstrated by the decreased binding affinities of G6PDH for its coenzyme and substrate. Molecular docking studies revealed that caffeine binds to G6PDH at the structural NADP+ binding site, and chemical cross-linking analysis demonstrated that caffeine inhibits the formation of dimeric G6PDH. G6PDH inhibition abrogated the inhibitory effects of caffeine on RCC cell growth. Moreover, inhibition of G6PDH activity by caffeine led to a reduction in the intracellular levels of NADPH and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and altered the expression of redox-related proteins in RCC cells. Accordingly, caffeine could inhibit tumor growth through inhibition of G6PDH activity in vivo. Taken together, these results demonstrated that caffeine can target G6PDH to disrupt redox homeostasis and inhibit RCC tumor growth, and has potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Lihong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Titi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zemin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xuanjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,College of Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Pu-er Tea Science, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Kunming, China
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26
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Phthalate exposure causes browning-like effects on adipocytes in vitro and in vivo. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 142:111487. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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27
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Nitta Y, Muraoka-Hirayama S, Sakurai K. Catalase is required for peroxisome maintenance during adipogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158726. [PMID: 32335291 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although obesity contributes to the onset and pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, it has been repeatedly demonstrated that being overweight or mildly obese carries a survival advantage compared with being thin or normal-weight. This relationship is called the obesity paradox. Hence, it is necessary to clarify the underlying mechanism of obesity onset for the prevention and treatment of these diseases. Catalase is distributed in peroxisomes under normal redox conditions and catalase activity is increased during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to adipocytes. Although peroxisomes are responsible for lipid metabolism, the role of peroxisomal catalase in the process of lipid accumulation remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the relationships among catalase activity, peroxisome content, and lipid accumulation during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to adipocytes. Increased catalase activity and lipid accumulation were observed during the differentiation of preadipocytes. Silencing of catalase by small interfering RNA or treatment with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT), a catalase inhibitor, resulted in reduced lipid accumulation. Inhibition of catalase activity in peroxisomes increases hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, which results in a reduction of peroxisome content. Extracellular H2O2 had no influence on lipid accumulation during differentiation. The occurrence of autophagy was clearly enhanced in cells treated with 3-AT. Spautin-1, an inhibitor of autophagy flux, protected against a reduction in lipid accumulation by treatment with 3-AT. Our data provide evidence that catalase protects against the degradation of peroxisomes via the occurrence of autophagy triggered by the generation of H2O2 in peroxisomes. These results suggest that catalase in peroxisomes is crucial to adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Nitta
- Division of Life Science, Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University of Science, 7-15-4-1 Maeda, Teine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan
| | - Sanae Muraoka-Hirayama
- Division of Life Science, Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University of Science, 7-15-4-1 Maeda, Teine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan
| | - Koichi Sakurai
- Division of Life Science, Department of Pharmacy, Hokkaido University of Science, 7-15-4-1 Maeda, Teine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan.
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28
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Li R, Toan S, Zhou H. Role of mitochondrial quality control in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6467-6485. [PMID: 32213662 PMCID: PMC7185127 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient oversupply and mitochondrial dysfunction play central roles in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The mitochondria are the major sites of β-oxidation, a catabolic process by which fatty acids are broken down. The mitochondrial quality control (MQC) system includes mitochondrial fission, fusion, mitophagy and mitochondrial redox regulation, and is essential for the maintenance of the functionality and structural integrity of the mitochondria. Excessive and uncontrolled production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the mitochondria damages mitochondrial components, including membranes, proteins and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and triggers the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. The functionality of some damaged mitochondria can be restored by fusion with normally functioning mitochondria, but when severely damaged, mitochondria are segregated from the remaining functional mitochondrial network through fission and are eventually degraded via mitochondrial autophagy, also called as mitophagy. In this review, we describe the functions and mechanisms of mitochondrial fission, fusion, oxidative stress and mitophagy in the development and progression of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Sam Toan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Minnesota-Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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29
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Serpa J. Metabolic Remodeling as a Way of Adapting to Tumor Microenvironment (TME), a Job of Several Holders. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1219:1-34. [PMID: 32130691 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34025-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironment depends and generates dependence on all the cells and structures that share the same niche, the biotope. The contemporaneous view of the tumor microenvironment (TME) agrees with this idea. The cells that make up the tumor, whether malignant or not, behave similarly to classes of elements within a living community. These elements inhabit, modify and benefit from all the facilities the microenvironment has to offer and that will contribute to the survival and growth of the tumor and the progression of the disease.The metabolic adaptation to microenvironment is a crucial process conducting to an established tumor able to grow locally, invade and metastasized. The metastatic cancer cells are reasonable more plastic than non-metastatic cancer cells, because the previous ones must survive in the microenvironment where the primary tumor develops and in addition, they must prosper in the microenvironment in the metastasized organ.The metabolic remodeling requires not only the adjustment of metabolic pathways per se but also the readjustment of signaling pathways that will receive and obey to the extracellular instructions, commanding the metabolic adaptation. Many diverse players are pivotal in cancer metabolic fitness from the initial signaling stimuli, going through the activation or repression of genes, until the phenotype display. The new phenotype will permit the import and consumption of organic compounds, useful for energy and biomass production, and the export of metabolic products that are useless or must be secreted for a further recycling or controlled uptake. In the metabolic network, three subsets of players are pivotal: (1) the organic compounds; (2) the transmembrane transporters, and (3) the enzymes.This chapter will present the "Pharaonic" intent of diagraming the interplay between these three elements in an attempt of simplifying and, at the same time, of showing the complex sight of cancer metabolism, addressing the orchestrating role of microenvironment and highlighting the influence of non-cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School | Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisbon, Portugal.
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30
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Di Cara F, Andreoletti P, Trompier D, Vejux A, Bülow MH, Sellin J, Lizard G, Cherkaoui-Malki M, Savary S. Peroxisomes in Immune Response and Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163877. [PMID: 31398943 PMCID: PMC6721249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune response is essential to protect organisms from infection and an altered self. An organism’s overall metabolic status is now recognized as an important and long-overlooked mediator of immunity and has spurred new explorations of immune-related metabolic abnormalities. Peroxisomes are essential metabolic organelles with a central role in the synthesis and turnover of complex lipids and reactive species. Peroxisomes have recently been identified as pivotal regulators of immune functions and inflammation in the development and during infection, defining a new branch of immunometabolism. This review summarizes the current evidence that has helped to identify peroxisomes as central regulators of immunity and highlights the peroxisomal proteins and metabolites that have acquired relevance in human pathologies for their link to the development of inflammation, neuropathies, aging and cancer. This review then describes how peroxisomes govern immune signaling strategies such as phagocytosis and cytokine production and their relevance in fighting bacterial and viral infections. The mechanisms by which peroxisomes either control the activation of the immune response or trigger cellular metabolic changes that activate and resolve immune responses are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Di Cara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS B3K 6R8, Canada
| | - Pierre Andreoletti
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Doriane Trompier
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Anne Vejux
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Margret H Bülow
- Molecular Developmental Biology, Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Sellin
- Molecular Developmental Biology, Life & Medical Sciences Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mustapha Cherkaoui-Malki
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Savary
- Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Bd Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France.
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