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D’Alessandro A, Keele GR, Hay A, Nemkov T, Earley EJ, Stephenson D, Vincent M, Deng X, Stone M, Dzieciatkowska M, Hansen KC, Kleinman S, Spitalnik SL, Roubinian N, Norris PJ, Busch MP, Page GP, Stockwell BR, Churchill GA, Zimring JC. Ferroptosis regulates hemolysis in stored murine and human red blood cells. Blood 2025; 145:765-783. [PMID: 39541586 PMCID: PMC11863713 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2024026109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 09/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Red blood cell (RBC) metabolism regulates hemolysis during aging in vivo and in the blood bank. However, the genetic underpinnings of RBC metabolic heterogeneity and extravascular hemolysis at population scale are incompletely understood. On the basis of the breeding of 8 founder strains with extreme genetic diversity, the Jackson Laboratory diversity outbred population can capture the impact of genetic heterogeneity in like manner to population-based studies. RBCs from 350 outbred mice, either fresh or stored for 7 days, were tested for posttransfusion recovery, as well as metabolomics and lipidomics analyses. Metabolite and lipid quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapped >400 gene-metabolite associations, which we collated into an online interactive portal. Relevant to RBC storage, we identified a QTL hotspot on chromosome 1, mapping on the region coding for the ferrireductase 6-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 3 (Steap3), a transcriptional target to p53. Steap3 regulated posttransfusion recovery, contributing to a ferroptosis-like process of lipid peroxidation, as validated via genetic manipulation in mice. Translational validation of murine findings in humans, STEAP3 polymorphisms were associated with RBC iron content, lipid peroxidation, and in vitro hemolysis in 13 091 blood donors from the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study. QTL analyses in humans identified a network of gene products (fatty acid desaturases 1 and 2, epoxide hydrolase 2, lysophosphatidylcholine acetyl-transferase 3, solute carrier family 22 member 16, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, very long chain fatty acid elongase, and phospholipase A2 group VI) associated with altered levels of oxylipins. These polymorphisms were prevalent in donors of African descent and were linked to allele frequency of hemolysis-linked polymorphisms for Steap3 or p53. These genetic variants were also associated with lower hemoglobin increments in thousands of single-unit transfusion recipients from the vein-to-vein database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver–Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Omix Technologies Inc, Aurora, CO
| | - Gregory R. Keele
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Ariel Hay
- Department of Pathology, Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver–Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
- Omix Technologies Inc, Aurora, CO
| | | | - Daniel Stephenson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver–Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | | | - Xutao Deng
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Mars Stone
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver–Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Kirk C. Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver–Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Steven Kleinman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | | | - Nareg Roubinian
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, CA
| | - Philip J. Norris
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Michael P. Busch
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Brent R. Stockwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Chemistry, and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | | | - James C. Zimring
- Department of Pathology, Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
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2
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Tkachenko A, Havranek O. Cell death signaling in human erythron: erythrocytes lose the complexity of cell death machinery upon maturation. Apoptosis 2025:10.1007/s10495-025-02081-5. [PMID: 39924584 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-025-02081-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 02/11/2025]
Abstract
Over the recent years, our understanding of the cell death machinery of mature erythrocytes has been greatly expanded. It resulted in the discovery of several regulated cell death (RCD) pathways in red blood cells. Apoptosis (eryptosis) and necroptosis of erythrocytes share certain features with their counterparts in nucleated cells, but they are also critically different in particular details. In this review article, we summarize the cell death subroutines in the erythroid precursors (apoptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis) in comparison to mature erythrocytes (eryptosis and erythronecroptosis) to highlight the consequences of organelle clearance and associated loss of multiple components of the cell death machinery upon erythrocyte maturation. Recent advances in understanding the role of erythrocyte RCDs in health and disease have expanded potential clinical applications of these lethal subroutines, emphasizing their contribution to the development of anemia, microthrombosis, and endothelial dysfunction, as well as their role as diagnostic biomarkers and markers of erythrocyte storage-induced lesions. Fas signaling and the functional caspase-8/caspase-3 system are not indispensable for eryptosis, but might be retained in mature erythrocytes to mediate the crosstalk between both erythrocyte-associated RCDs. The ability of erythrocytes to switch between eryptosis and necroptosis suggests that their cell death is not a simple unregulated mechanical disintegration, but a tightly controlled process. This allows investigation of eventual pharmacological interventions aimed at individual cell death subroutines of erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Tkachenko
- First Faculty of Medicine, BIOCEV, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Havranek
- First Faculty of Medicine, BIOCEV, Charles University, Průmyslová 595, 25250, Vestec, Czech Republic
- First Department of Medicine - Hematology, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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3
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Spinelli S, Marino A, Morabito R, Remigante A. Interplay Between Metabolic Pathways and Increased Oxidative Stress in Human Red Blood Cells. Cells 2024; 13:2026. [PMID: 39682773 DOI: 10.3390/cells13232026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2024] [Revised: 12/05/2024] [Accepted: 12/06/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) are highly specialized cells with a limited metabolic repertoire. However, it has been demonstrated that metabolic processes are affected by the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and critical enzymes allied to metabolic pathways can be impaired by redox reactions. Thus, oxidative stress-induced alternations in the metabolic pathways can contribute to cell dysfunction of human RBCs. Herein, we aim to provide an overview on the metabolic pathways of human RBCs, focusing on their pathophysiological relevance and their regulation in oxidative stress-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Spinelli
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Marino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rossana Morabito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Remigante
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
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4
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Kaminsky CJ, Mill J, Patel V, Pierce D, Haj A, Hess AS, Li L, Raife T. The longevity factor spermidine is part of a highly heritable complex erythrocyte phenotype associated with longevity. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14311. [PMID: 39243176 PMCID: PMC11634715 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Extreme longevity in humans is known to be a heritable trait. In a well-established twin erythrocyte metabolomics and proteomics database, we identified the longevity factor spermidine and a cluster of correlated molecules with high heritability estimates. Erythrocyte spermidine is 82% heritable and significantly correlated with 59 metabolites and 22 proteins. Thirty-eight metabolites and 19 proteins were >20% heritable, with a mean heritability of 61% for metabolites and 49% for proteins. Correlated metabolites are concentrated in energy metabolism, redox homeostasis, and autophagy pathways. Erythrocyte mean cell volume (MCV), an established heritable trait, was consistently negatively correlated with the top 25 biomolecules most strongly correlated with spermidine, indicating that smaller MCVs are associated with higher concentrations of spermidine and correlated molecules. Previous studies have linked larger MCVs with poorer memory, cognition, and all-cause mortality. Analysis of 432,682 unique patient records showed a linear increase in MCV with age but a significant deviation toward smaller than expected MCVs above age 86, suggesting that smaller MCVs are associated with extreme longevity. Consistent with previous reports, a subset of 78,158 unique patient records showed a significant skewing toward larger MCV values in a deceased cohort compared to an age-matched living cohort. Our study supports the existence of a complex, heritable phenotype in erythrocytes associated with health and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jericha Mill
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Viharkumar Patel
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Present address:
Department of Pathology & Laboratory MedicineUniversity of California‐DavisSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Dylan Pierce
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Amelia Haj
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Present address:
Harvard‐Mass General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Aaron S. Hess
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- Department of AnesthesiologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
- School of PharmacyUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Thomas Raife
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA
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5
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D'Alessandro A. It's in your blood: The impact of age, sex, genetic factors and exposures on stored red blood cell metabolism. Transfus Apher Sci 2024; 63:104011. [PMID: 39423666 PMCID: PMC11606750 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2024.104011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2024]
Abstract
Transfusion of packed red blood cell (RBCs) saves millions of lives yearly worldwide, making packed RBCs the most commonly administered drug in hospitals after vaccines. However, not all blood units are created equal. By examining blood products as they age in blood banks, transfusion scientists are gaining insights into the intricacies of human chemical individuality as regulated by biological factors (such as sex, age, and body mass index), genetic and non-genetic factors like environmental, dietary, and other exposures. Here, we review recent literature on this topic, with an emphasis on studies linking genetic traits to the metabolic heterogeneity of blood products, the hemolytic propensity of stored RBCs, and transfusion outcomes in both healthy autologous and non-autologous patients requiring transfusion. Given the role of RBCs as a simplified model of eukaryotic cells, and RBC storage as a medically relevant application modeling erythrocyte responses to oxidant stress, these insights have the potential not only to guide the development of precision transfusion strategies, but also to identify novel mechanisms of RBC metabolic regulation relevant to responses to hypoxia and oxidant stress in human (patho)physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
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6
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Langlands HD, Shoemark DK, Toye AM. Modulation of Antioxidant Enzyme Expression of In Vitro Culture-Derived Reticulocytes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1070. [PMID: 39334729 PMCID: PMC11429491 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13091070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in red blood cells (RBCs) is crucial for maintaining functionality and lifespan. Indeed, dysregulated ROS occurs in haematological diseases such as sickle cell disease and β-thalassaemia. In order to combat this, RBCs possess high levels of protective antioxidant enzymes. We aimed to further boost RBC antioxidant capacity by overexpressing peroxiredoxin (Prxs) and glutathione peroxidase (GPxs) enzymes. Multiple antioxidant enzyme cDNAs were individually overexpressed in expanding immortalised erythroblasts using lentivirus, including Prx isoforms 1, 2, and 6 and GPx isoforms 1 and 4. Enhancing Prx protein expression proved straightforward, but GPx overexpression required modifications. For GPx4, these modifications included adding a SECIS element in the 3'UTR, the removal of a mitochondrial-targeting sequence, and removing putative ubiquitination sites. Culture-derived reticulocytes exhibiting enhanced levels of Prx and GPx antioxidant proteins were successfully engineered, demonstrating a novel approach to improve RBC resilience to oxidative stress. Further work is needed to explore the activity of these proteins and their impact on RBC metabolism, but this strategy shows promise for improving RBC function in physiological and pathological contexts and during storage for transfusion. Enhancing the antioxidant capacity of reticulocytes has exciting promise for developing culture-derived RBCs with enhanced resistance to oxidative damage and offers new therapeutic interventions in diseases with elevated oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah D Langlands
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Deborah K Shoemark
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Ashley M Toye
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Biomedical Sciences Building, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK
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7
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Fortuna V, Lima J, Oliveira GF, Oliveira YS, Getachew B, Nekhai S, Aschner M, Tizabi Y. Ferroptosis as an emerging target in sickle cell disease. Curr Res Toxicol 2024; 7:100181. [PMID: 39021403 PMCID: PMC11252799 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited hemoglobin disorder marked by red blood cell sickling, resulting in severe anemia, painful episodes, extensive organ damage, and shortened life expectancy. In SCD, increased iron levels can trigger ferroptosis, a specific type of cell death characterized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxide accumulation, leading to damage and organ impairments. The intricate interplay between iron, ferroptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in SCD underscores the necessity of thoroughly understanding these processes for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. This review highlights the importance of balancing the complex interactions among various factors and exploitation of the knowledge in developing novel therapeutics for this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Fortuna
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, BA 40231-300, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Immunology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, BA 40231-300, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Immunology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, BA 40231-300, Brazil
| | - Gabriel F. Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Immunology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, BA 40231-300, Brazil
| | - Yasmin S. Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Immunology, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, BA 40231-300, Brazil
| | - Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sergei Nekhai
- Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Departments of Microbiology and Medicine, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
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8
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Thorwald M, Godoy-Lugo JA, Garcia G, Silva J, Kim M, Christensen A, Mack WJ, Head E, O'Day PA, Benayoun BA, Morgan TE, Pike CJ, Higuchi-Sanabria R, Forman HJ, Finch CE. Iron associated lipid peroxidation in Alzheimers disease is increased in lipid rafts with decreased ferroptosis suppressors, tested by chelation in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.03.28.534324. [PMID: 37034750 PMCID: PMC10081222 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.28.534324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Iron-mediated cell death (ferroptosis) is a proposed mechanism of Alzheimers disease (AD) pathology. While iron is essential for basic biological functions, its reactivity generates oxidants which contribute to cell damage and death. To further resolve mechanisms of iron-mediated toxicity in AD, we analyzed postmortem human brain and ApoEFAD mice. AD brains had decreased antioxidant enzymes, including those mediated by glutathione (GSH). Subcellular analyses of AD brains showed greater oxidative damage and lower antioxidant enzymes in lipid rafts, the site of amyloid processing, than in the non-raft membrane fraction. ApoE4 carriers had lower lipid raft yield with greater membrane oxidation. The hypothesized role of iron to AD pathology was tested in ApoEFAD mice by iron chelation with deferoxamine, which decreased fibrillar amyloid and lipid peroxidation, together with increased GSH-mediated antioxidants. These novel molecular pathways in iron mediated damage during AD.
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9
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D'Alessandro A, Keele GR, Hay A, Nemkov T, Earley EJ, Stephenson D, Vincent M, Deng X, Stone M, Dzieciatkowska M, Hansen KC, Kleinman S, Spitalnik SL, Roubinian NH, Norris PJ, Busch MP, Page GP, Stockwell BR, Churchill GA, Zimring JC. Ferroptosis regulates hemolysis in stored murine and human red blood cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.11.598512. [PMID: 38915523 PMCID: PMC11195277 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.11.598512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) metabolism regulates hemolysis during aging in vivo and in the blood bank. Here, we leveraged a diversity outbred mouse population to map the genetic drivers of fresh/stored RBC metabolism and extravascular hemolysis upon storage and transfusion in 350 mice. We identify the ferrireductase Steap3 as a critical regulator of a ferroptosis-like process of lipid peroxidation. Steap3 polymorphisms were associated with RBC iron content, in vitro hemolysis, and in vivo extravascular hemolysis both in mice and 13,091 blood donors from the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor evaluation Study. Using metabolite Quantitative Trait Loci analyses, we identified a network of gene products (FADS1/2, EPHX2 and LPCAT3) - enriched in donors of African descent - associated with oxylipin metabolism in stored human RBCs and related to Steap3 or its transcriptional regulator, the tumor protein TP53. Genetic variants were associated with lower in vivo hemolysis in thousands of single-unit transfusion recipients. Highlights Steap3 regulates lipid peroxidation and extravascular hemolysis in 350 diversity outbred miceSteap3 SNPs are linked to RBC iron, hemolysis, vesiculation in 13,091 blood donorsmQTL analyses of oxylipins identified ferroptosis-related gene products FADS1/2, EPHX2, LPCAT3Ferroptosis markers are linked to hemoglobin increments in transfusion recipients. Graphical abstract
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10
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Gailer J. Toward a Mechanism-Driven Integrated Framework to Link Human Exposure to Multiple Toxic Metal(loid) Species with Environmental Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3393. [PMID: 38542366 PMCID: PMC10969815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The ongoing anthropogenic pollution of the biosphere with As, Cd, Hg and Pb will inevitably result in an increased influx of their corresponding toxic metal(loid) species into the bloodstream of human populations, including children and pregnant women. To delineate whether the measurable concentrations of these inorganic pollutants in the bloodstream are tolerable or implicated in the onset of environmental diseases urgently requires new insight into their dynamic bioinorganic chemistry in the bloodstream-organ system. Owing to the human exposure to multiple toxic metal(loid) species, the mechanism of chronic toxicity of each of these needs to be integrated into a framework to better define the underlying exposure-disease relationship. Accordingly, this review highlights some recent advances into the bioinorganic chemistry of the Cd2+, Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ in blood plasma, red blood cells and target organs and provides a first glimpse of their emerging mechanisms of chronic toxicity. Although many important knowledge gaps remain, it is essential to design experiments with the intent of refining these mechanisms to eventually establish a framework that may allow us to causally link the cumulative exposure of human populations to multiple toxic metal(loid) species with environmental diseases of unknown etiology that do not appear to have a genetic origin. Thus, researchers from a variety of scientific disciplines need to contribute to this interdisciplinary effort to rationally address this public health threat which may require the implementation of stronger regulatory requirements to improve planetary and human health, which are fundamentally intertwined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Gailer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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11
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Chatzinikolaou PN, Margaritelis NV, Paschalis V, Theodorou AA, Vrabas IS, Kyparos A, D'Alessandro A, Nikolaidis MG. Erythrocyte metabolism. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14081. [PMID: 38270467 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Our aim is to present an updated overview of the erythrocyte metabolism highlighting its richness and complexity. We have manually collected and connected the available biochemical pathways and integrated them into a functional metabolic map. The focus of this map is on the main biochemical pathways consisting of glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, redox metabolism, oxygen metabolism, purine/nucleoside metabolism, and membrane transport. Other recently emerging pathways are also curated, like the methionine salvage pathway, the glyoxalase system, carnitine metabolism, and the lands cycle, as well as remnants of the carboxylic acid metabolism. An additional goal of this review is to present the dynamics of erythrocyte metabolism, providing key numbers used to perform basic quantitative analyses. By synthesizing experimental and computational data, we conclude that glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, and redox metabolism are the foundations of erythrocyte metabolism. Additionally, the erythrocyte can sense oxygen levels and oxidative stress adjusting its mechanics, metabolism, and function. In conclusion, fine-tuning of erythrocyte metabolism controls one of the most important biological processes, that is, oxygen loading, transport, and delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis N Chatzinikolaou
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Nikos V Margaritelis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Vassilis Paschalis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios A Theodorou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis S Vrabas
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Antonios Kyparos
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Michalis G Nikolaidis
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
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12
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D'Alessandro A, Hod EA. Red Blood Cell Storage: From Genome to Exposome Towards Personalized Transfusion Medicine. Transfus Med Rev 2023; 37:150750. [PMID: 37574398 PMCID: PMC10834861 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2023.150750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, the introduction of omics technologies-especially high-throughput genomics and metabolomics-has contributed significantly to our understanding of the role of donor genetics and nongenetic determinants of red blood cell storage biology. Here we briefly review the main advances in these areas, to the extent these contributed to the appreciation of the impact of donor sex, age, ethnicity, but also processing strategies and donor environmental, dietary or other exposures - the so-called exposome-to the onset and severity of the storage lesion. We review recent advances on the role of genetically encoded polymorphisms on red cell storage biology, and relate these findings with parameters of storage quality and post-transfusion efficacy, such as hemolysis, post-transfusion intra- and extravascular hemolysis and hemoglobin increments. Finally, we suggest that the combination of these novel technologies have the potential to drive further developments towards personalized (or precision) transfusion medicine approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Eldad A Hod
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Reisz JA, Dzieciatkowska M, Stephenson D, Gamboni F, Morton DH, D’Alessandro A. Red Blood Cells from Individuals with Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome: Multi-Omics Insights into a Novel S162N Mutation Causing Hypoxanthine-Guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase Deficiency. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1699. [PMID: 37760001 PMCID: PMC10525117 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LN) is an is an X-linked recessive inborn error of metabolism that arises from a deficiency of purine salvage enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT). The disease manifests severely, causing intellectual deficits and other neural abnormalities, hypercoagulability, uncontrolled self-injury, and gout. While allopurinol is used to alleviate gout, other symptoms are less understood, impeding treatment. Herein, we present a high-throughput multi-omics analysis of red blood cells (RBCs) from three pediatric siblings carrying a novel S162N HPRT1 mutation. RBCs from both parents-the mother, a heterozygous carrier, and the father, a clinically healthy control-were also analyzed. Global metabolite analysis of LN RBCs shows accumulation of glycolytic intermediates upstream of pyruvate kinase, unsaturated fatty acids, and long chain acylcarnitines. Similarly, highly unsaturated phosphatidylcholines are also elevated in LN RBCs, while free choline is decreased. Intracellular iron, zinc, selenium, and potassium are also decreased in LN RBCs. Global proteomics documented changes in RBC membrane proteins, hemoglobin, redox homeostasis proteins, and the enrichment of coagulation proteins. These changes were accompanied by elevation in protein glutamine deamidation and methylation in the LN children and carrier mother. Treatment with allopurinol incompletely reversed the observed phenotypes in the two older siblings currently on this treatment. This unique data set provides novel opportunities for investigations aimed at potential therapies for LN-associated sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A. Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (J.A.R.); (M.D.); (D.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (J.A.R.); (M.D.); (D.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Daniel Stephenson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (J.A.R.); (M.D.); (D.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Fabia Gamboni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (J.A.R.); (M.D.); (D.S.); (F.G.)
| | - D. Holmes Morton
- Central Pennsylvania Clinic, A Medical Home for Special Children and Adults, Belleville, PA 17004, USA;
| | - Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (J.A.R.); (M.D.); (D.S.); (F.G.)
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14
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Isiksacan Z, D’Alessandro A, Wolf SM, McKenna DH, Tessier SN, Kucukal E, Gokaltun AA, William N, Sandlin RD, Bischof J, Mohandas N, Busch MP, Elbuken C, Gurkan UA, Toner M, Acker JP, Yarmush ML, Usta OB. Assessment of stored red blood cells through lab-on-a-chip technologies for precision transfusion medicine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2115616120. [PMID: 37494421 PMCID: PMC10410732 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2115616120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) is one of the most valuable and widespread treatments in modern medicine. Lifesaving RBC transfusions are facilitated by the cold storage of RBC units in blood banks worldwide. Currently, RBC storage and subsequent transfusion practices are performed using simplistic workflows. More specifically, most blood banks follow the "first-in-first-out" principle to avoid wastage, whereas most healthcare providers prefer the "last-in-first-out" approach simply favoring chronologically younger RBCs. Neither approach addresses recent advances through -omics showing that stored RBC quality is highly variable depending on donor-, time-, and processing-specific factors. Thus, it is time to rethink our workflows in transfusion medicine taking advantage of novel technologies to perform RBC quality assessment. We imagine a future where lab-on-a-chip technologies utilize novel predictive markers of RBC quality identified by -omics and machine learning to usher in a new era of safer and precise transfusion medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziya Isiksacan
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
- Shriners Children’s, Boston, MA02114
| | - Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver – Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO80045
| | - Susan M. Wolf
- Law School, Medical School, Consortium on Law and Values in Health, Environment & the Life Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - David H. McKenna
- Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Shannon N. Tessier
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
- Shriners Children’s, Boston, MA02114
| | | | - A. Aslihan Gokaltun
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
- Shriners Children’s, Boston, MA02114
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara06532, Turkey
| | - Nishaka William
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, ABT6G 2R8, Canada
| | - Rebecca D. Sandlin
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
| | - John Bischof
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | | | - Michael P. Busch
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA94105
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA94105
| | - Caglar Elbuken
- Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara06800, Turkey
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014Oulu, Finland
- Valtion Teknillinen Tutkimuskeskus Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., 90570Oulu, Finland
| | - Umut A. Gurkan
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
| | - Mehmet Toner
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
- Shriners Children’s, Boston, MA02114
| | - Jason P. Acker
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, ABT6G 2R8, Canada
- Innovation and Portfolio Management, Canadian Blood Services, Edmonton, ABT6G 2R8, Canada
| | - Martin L. Yarmush
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
- Shriners Children’s, Boston, MA02114
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ08854
| | - O. Berk Usta
- Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02114
- Shriners Children’s, Boston, MA02114
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15
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D’Alessandro A, Anastasiadi AT, Tzounakas VL, Nemkov T, Reisz JA, Kriebardis AG, Zimring JC, Spitalnik SL, Busch MP. Red Blood Cell Metabolism In Vivo and In Vitro. Metabolites 2023; 13:793. [PMID: 37512500 PMCID: PMC10386156 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBC) are the most abundant cell in the human body, with a central role in oxygen transport and its delivery to tissues. However, omics technologies recently revealed the unanticipated complexity of the RBC proteome and metabolome, paving the way for a reinterpretation of the mechanisms by which RBC metabolism regulates systems biology beyond oxygen transport. The new data and analytical tools also informed the dissection of the changes that RBCs undergo during refrigerated storage under blood bank conditions, a logistic necessity that makes >100 million units available for life-saving transfusions every year worldwide. In this narrative review, we summarize the last decade of advances in the field of RBC metabolism in vivo and in the blood bank in vitro, a narrative largely influenced by the authors' own journeys in this field. We hope that this review will stimulate further research in this interesting and medically important area or, at least, serve as a testament to our fascination with this simple, yet complex, cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (T.N.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Alkmini T. Anastasiadi
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (A.T.A.); (A.G.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Vassilis L. Tzounakas
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (T.N.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Julie A. Reisz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (T.N.); (J.A.R.)
| | - Anastsios G. Kriebardis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Caring Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), 12243 Egaleo, Greece; (A.T.A.); (A.G.K.)
| | - James C. Zimring
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA;
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16
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Chaudière J. Biological and Catalytic Properties of Selenoproteins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10109. [PMID: 37373256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenocysteine is a catalytic residue at the active site of all selenoenzymes in bacteria and mammals, and it is incorporated into the polypeptide backbone by a co-translational process that relies on the recoding of a UGA termination codon into a serine/selenocysteine codon. The best-characterized selenoproteins from mammalian species and bacteria are discussed with emphasis on their biological function and catalytic mechanisms. A total of 25 genes coding for selenoproteins have been identified in the genome of mammals. Unlike the selenoenzymes of anaerobic bacteria, most mammalian selenoenzymes work as antioxidants and as redox regulators of cell metabolism and functions. Selenoprotein P contains several selenocysteine residues and serves as a selenocysteine reservoir for other selenoproteins in mammals. Although extensively studied, glutathione peroxidases are incompletely understood in terms of local and time-dependent distribution, and regulatory functions. Selenoenzymes take advantage of the nucleophilic reactivity of the selenolate form of selenocysteine. It is used with peroxides and their by-products such as disulfides and sulfoxides, but also with iodine in iodinated phenolic substrates. This results in the formation of Se-X bonds (X = O, S, N, or I) from which a selenenylsulfide intermediate is invariably produced. The initial selenolate group is then recycled by thiol addition. In bacterial glycine reductase and D-proline reductase, an unusual catalytic rupture of selenium-carbon bonds is observed. The exchange of selenium for sulfur in selenoproteins, and information obtained from model reactions, suggest that a generic advantage of selenium compared with sulfur relies on faster kinetics and better reversibility of its oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Chaudière
- CBMN (CNRS, UMR 5248), University of Bordeaux, 33600 Pessac, France
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17
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D'Alessandro A. Red Blood Cell Omics and Machine Learning in Transfusion Medicine: Singularity Is Near. Transfus Med Hemother 2023; 50:174-183. [PMID: 37434999 PMCID: PMC10331163 DOI: 10.1159/000529744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Blood transfusion is a life-saving intervention for millions of recipients worldwide. Over the last 15 years, the advent of high-throughput, affordable omics technologies - including genomics, proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics - has allowed transfusion medicine to revisit the biology of blood donors, stored blood products, and transfusion recipients. Summary Omics approaches have shed light on the genetic and non-genetic factors (environmental or other exposures) impacting the quality of stored blood products and efficacy of transfusion events, based on the current Food and Drug Administration guidelines (e.g., hemolysis and post-transfusion recovery for stored red blood cells). As a treasure trove of data accumulates, the implementation of machine learning approaches promises to revolutionize the field of transfusion medicine, not only by advancing basic science. Indeed, computational strategies have already been used to perform high-content screenings of red blood cell morphology in microfluidic devices, generate in silico models of erythrocyte membrane to predict deformability and bending rigidity, or design systems biology maps of the red blood cell metabolome to drive the development of novel storage additives. Key Message In the near future, high-throughput testing of donor genomes via precision transfusion medicine arrays and metabolomics of all donated products will be able to inform the development and implementation of machine learning strategies that match, from vein to vein, donors, optimal processing strategies (additives, shelf life), and recipients, realizing the promise of personalized transfusion medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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18
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Sadowska-Bartosz I, Bartosz G. Peroxiredoxin 2: An Important Element of the Antioxidant Defense of the Erythrocyte. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051012. [PMID: 37237878 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 2 (Prdx2) is the third most abundant erythrocyte protein. It was known previously as calpromotin since its binding to the membrane stimulates the calcium-dependent potassium channel. Prdx2 is present mostly in cytosol in the form of non-covalent dimers but may associate into doughnut-like decamers and other oligomers. Prdx2 reacts rapidly with hydrogen peroxide (k > 107 M-1 s-1). It is the main erythrocyte antioxidant that removes hydrogen peroxide formed endogenously by hemoglobin autoxidation. Prdx2 also reduces other peroxides including lipid, urate, amino acid, and protein hydroperoxides and peroxynitrite. Oxidized Prdx2 can be reduced at the expense of thioredoxin but also of other thiols, especially glutathione. Further reactions of Prdx2 with oxidants lead to hyperoxidation (formation of sulfinyl or sulfonyl derivatives of the peroxidative cysteine). The sulfinyl derivative can be reduced by sulfiredoxin. Circadian oscillations in the level of hyperoxidation of erythrocyte Prdx2 were reported. The protein can be subject to post-translational modifications; some of them, such as phosphorylation, nitration, and acetylation, increase its activity. Prdx2 can also act as a chaperone for hemoglobin and erythrocyte membrane proteins, especially during the maturation of erythrocyte precursors. The extent of Prdx2 oxidation is increased in various diseases and can be an index of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Sadowska-Bartosz
- Laboratory of Analytical Biochemistry, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 4 Zelwerowicza St., 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Bartosz
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 4 Zelwerowicza St., 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
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19
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Mitochondria: Emerging Consequential in Sickle Cell Disease. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12030765. [PMID: 36769414 PMCID: PMC9917941 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced mitochondrial multi-omics indicate a multi-facet involvement of mitochondria in the physiology of the cell, changing the perception of mitochondria from being just the energy-generating organelles to organelles that highly influence cell structure, function, signaling, and cell fate. This sets mitochondrial dysfunction in the centerstage of numerous acquired and genetic diseases. Sickle cell disease is also being increasingly associated with mitochondrial anomalies and the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease finds mitochondria at crucial intersections in the pathological cascade. Altered mitophagy, increased ROS, and mitochondrial DNA all contribute to the condition and its severity. Such mitochondrial aberrations lead to consequent mitochondrial retention in red blood cells in sickle cell diseases, increased oxidation in the cellular environment, inflammation, worsened vaso-occlusive crisis, etc. There are increasing studies indicating mitochondrial significance in sickle cell disease, consequently providing an opportunity to target it for improving the outcomes of treatment. Identification of the impaired mitochondrial attributes in sickle cell disease and their modulation by therapeutic interventions can impart a better management of the disease. This review aims to describe the mitochondria in the perspective of sicke cell disease so as to provide the reader an overview of the emerging mitochondrial stance in sickle cell disease.
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20
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Möller M, Orrico F, Villar S, López AC, Silva N, Donzé M, Thomson L, Denicola A. Oxidants and Antioxidants in the Redox Biochemistry of Human Red Blood Cells. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:147-168. [PMID: 36643550 PMCID: PMC9835686 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Red blood cells (RBCs) are exposed to both external and internal sources of oxidants that challenge their integrity and compromise their physiological function and supply of oxygen to tissues. Autoxidation of oxyhemoglobin is the main source of endogenous RBC oxidant production, yielding superoxide radical and then hydrogen peroxide. In addition, potent oxidants from other blood cells and the surrounding endothelium can reach the RBCs. Abundant and efficient enzymatic systems and low molecular weight antioxidants prevent most of the damage to the RBCs and also position the RBCs as a sink of vascular oxidants that allow the body to maintain a healthy circulatory system. Among the antioxidant enzymes, the thiol-dependent peroxidase peroxiredoxin 2, highly abundant in RBCs, is essential to keep the redox balance. A great part of the RBC antioxidant activity is supported by an active glucose metabolism that provides reducing power in the form of NADPH via the pentose phosphate pathway. There are several RBC defects and situations that generate oxidative stress conditions where the defense mechanisms are overwhelmed, and these include glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiencies (favism), hemoglobinopathies like sickle cell disease and thalassemia, as well as packed RBCs for transfusion that suffer from storage lesions. These oxidative stress-associated pathologies of the RBCs underline the relevance of redox balance in these anucleated cells that lack a mechanism of DNA-inducible antioxidant response and rely on a complex and robust network of antioxidant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias
N. Möller
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Florencia Orrico
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Laboratorio
de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la
República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Sebastián
F. Villar
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Ana C. López
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Laboratorio
de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la
República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Nicolás Silva
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Laboratorio
de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la
República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Departamento
de Medicina Transfusional, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de
Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | - Marcel Donzé
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Leonor Thomson
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Laboratorio
de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la
República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Ana Denicola
- Laboratorio
de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química
Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
- Centro
de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
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Tzounakas VL, Anastasiadi AT, Arvaniti VZ, Lelli V, Fanelli G, Paronis EC, Apostolidou AC, Balafas EG, Kostomitsopoulos NG, Papageorgiou EG, Papassideri IS, Stamoulis K, Kriebardis AG, Rinalducci S, Antonelou MH. Supplementation with uric and ascorbic acid protects stored red blood cells through enhancement of non-enzymatic antioxidant activity and metabolic rewiring. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102477. [PMID: 36155342 PMCID: PMC9513173 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox imbalance and oxidative stress have emerged as generative causes of the structural and functional degradation of red blood cells (RBC) that happens during their hypothermic storage at blood banks. The aim of the present study was to examine whether the antioxidant enhancement of stored RBC units following uric (UA) and/or ascorbic acid (AA) supplementation can improve their storability as well as post-transfusion phenotypes and recovery by using in vitro and animal models, respectively. For this purpose, 34 leukoreduced CPD/SAGM RBC units were aseptically split in 4 satellite units each. UA, AA or their mixture were added in the three of them, while the fourth was used as control. Hemolysis as well as redox and metabolic parameters were studied in RBC units throughout storage. The addition of antioxidants maintained the quality parameters of stored RBCs, (e.g., hemolysis, calcium homeostasis) and furthermore, shielded them against oxidative defects by boosting extracellular and intracellular (e.g., reduced glutathione; GSH) antioxidant powers. Higher levels of GSH seemed to be obtained through distinct metabolic rewiring in the modified units: methionine-cysteine metabolism in UA samples and glutamine production in the other two groups. Oxidatively-induced hemolysis, reactive oxygen species accumulation and membrane lipid peroxidation were lower in all modifications compared to controls. Moreover, denatured/oxidized Hb binding to the membrane was minor, especially in the AA and mix treatments during middle storage. The treated RBC were able to cope against pro-oxidant triggers when found in a recipient mimicking environment in vitro, and retain control levels of 24h recovery in mice circulation. The currently presented study provides (a) a detailed picture of the effect of UA/AA administration upon stored RBCs and (b) insight into the differential metabolic rewiring when distinct antioxidant "enhancers" are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis L Tzounakas
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Alkmini T Anastasiadi
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki-Zoi Arvaniti
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | - Veronica Lelli
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Fanelli
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Efthymios C Paronis
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia C Apostolidou
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos G Balafas
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos G Kostomitsopoulos
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Effie G Papageorgiou
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Welfare Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Egaleo, Greece
| | - Issidora S Papassideri
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
| | | | - Anastasios G Kriebardis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Welfare Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), Egaleo, Greece
| | - Sara Rinalducci
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Marianna H Antonelou
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece.
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22
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Stephenson D, Nemkov T, Qadri SM, Sheffield WP, D’Alessandro A. Inductively-Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry-Novel Insights From an Old Technology Into Stressed Red Blood Cell Physiology. Front Physiol 2022; 13:828087. [PMID: 35197866 PMCID: PMC8859330 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.828087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ion and metal homeostasis are critical to red blood cell physiology and Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) is a decades old approach to pursue elemental analysis. Recent evolution of ICP has resulted in its coupling to mass spectrometry (MS) instead of atomic absorption/emission. METHODS Here we performed Inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurements of intra- and extra-cellular Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Cu in red blood cells undergoing ionic, heat, or starvation stress. Results were correlated with Ca measurements from other common platforms (e.g., fluorescence-based approaches) and extensive measurements of red blood cell metabolism. RESULTS All stresses induced significant intra- and extracellular alterations of all measured elements. In particular, ionomycin treatment or hypertonic stress significantly impacted intracellular sodium and extracellular potassium and magnesium levels. Iron efflux was observed as a function of temperatures, with ionic and heat stress at 40°C causing the maximum decrease in intracellular iron pools and increases in the supernatants. Strong positive correlation was observed between calcium measurements via ICP-MS and fluorescence-based approaches. Correlation analyses with metabolomics data showed a strong positive association between extracellular calcium and intracellular sodium or magnesium levels and intracellular glycolysis. Extracellular potassium or iron were positively correlated with free fatty acids (especially mono-, poly-, and highly-unsaturated or odd-chain fatty acid products of lipid peroxidation). Intracellular iron was instead positively correlated with saturated fatty acids (palmitate, stearate) and negatively with methionine metabolism (methionine, S-adenosylmethionine), phosphatidylserine exposure and glycolysis. CONCLUSION In the era of omics approaches, ICP-MS affords a comprehensive characterization of intracellular elements that provide direct insights on red blood cell physiology and represent meaningful covariates for data generated via other omics platforms such as metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Stephenson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver–Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Travis Nemkov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver–Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Syed M. Qadri
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ontario Tech University, Oshawa, ON, Canada
| | - William P. Sheffield
- Centre for Innovation, Canadian Blood Services, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver–Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
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23
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Kim CY, Johnson H, Peltier S, Spitalnik SL, Hod EA, Francis RO, Hudson KE, Stone EF, Gordy DE, Fu X, Zimring JC, Amireault P, Buehler PW, Wilson RB, D'Alessandro A, Shchepinov MS, Thomas T. Deuterated Linoleic Acid Attenuates the RBC Storage Lesion in a Mouse Model of Poor RBC Storage. Front Physiol 2022; 13:868578. [PMID: 35557972 PMCID: PMC9086239 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.868578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are important modulators of red blood cell (RBC) rheology. Dietary PUFAs are readily incorporated into the RBC membrane, improving RBC deformability, fluidity, and hydration. However, enriching the lipid membrane with PUFAs increases the potential for peroxidation in oxidative environments (e.g., refrigerated storage), resulting in membrane damage. Substitution of bis-allylic hydrogens with deuterium ions in PUFAs decreases hydrogen abstraction, thereby inhibiting peroxidation. If lipid peroxidation is a causal factor in the RBC storage lesion, incorporation of deuterated linoleic acid (DLA) into the RBC membrane should decrease lipid peroxidation, thereby improving RBC lifespan, deformability, filterability, and post-transfusion recovery (PTR) after cold storage. Study Design and Methods: Mice associated with good (C57BL/6J) and poor (FVB) RBC storage quality received diets containing 11,11-D2-LA Ethyl Ester (1.0 g/100 g diet; deuterated linoleic acid) or non-deuterated LA Ethyl Ester (control) for 8 weeks. Deformability, filterability, lipidomics, and lipid peroxidation markers were evaluated in fresh and stored RBCs. Results: DLA was incorporated into RBC membranes in both mouse strains. DLA diet decreased lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) by 25.4 and 31% percent in C57 mice and 12.9 and 79.9% in FVB mice before and after cold storage, respectively. In FVB, but not C57 mice, deformability filterability, and post-transfusion recovery were significantly improved. Discussion: In a mouse model of poor RBC storage, with elevated reactive oxygen species production, DLA attenuated lipid peroxidation and significantly improved RBC storage quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Y Kim
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hannah Johnson
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sandy Peltier
- Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France
| | - Steven L Spitalnik
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eldad A Hod
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Richard O Francis
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Krystalyn E Hudson
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Elizabeth F Stone
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Dominique E Gordy
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States
| | - Xiaoyun Fu
- Bloodworks Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - James C Zimring
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Pascal Amireault
- Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine, Paris, France.,X U1163, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic Implications, INSERM, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Paul W Buehler
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Robert B Wilson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | | | - Tiffany Thomas
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, United States
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24
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Anastasiadi AT, Paronis EC, Arvaniti VZ, Velentzas AD, Apostolidou AC, Balafas EG, Dzieciatkowska M, Kostomitsopoulos NG, Stamoulis K, Papassideri IS, D’Alessandro A, Kriebardis AG, Antonelou MH, Tzounakas VL. The Post-Storage Performance of RBCs from Beta-Thalassemia Trait Donors Is Related to Their Storability Profile. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12281. [PMID: 34830162 PMCID: PMC8619127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood donors with beta-thalassemia traits (βThal+) have proven to be good "storers", since their stored RBCs are resistant to lysis and resilient against oxidative/proteotoxic stress. To examine the performance of these RBCs post-storage, stored βThal+ and control RBCs were reconstituted in plasma donated from transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemic patients and healthy controls, and incubated for 24 h at body temperature. Several physiological parameters, including hemolysis, were evaluated. Moreover, labeled fresh/stored RBCs from the two groups were transfused in mice to assess 24 h recovery. All hemolysis metrics were better in the group of heterozygotes and distinguished them against controls in the plasma environment. The reconstituted βThal+ samples also presented higher proteasome activity and fewer procoagulant extracellular vesicles. Transfusion to mice demonstrated that βThal+ RBCs present a marginal trend for higher recovery, regardless of the recipient's immune background and the RBC storage age. According to correlation analysis, several of these advantageous post-storage characteristics are related to storage phenotypes, like the cytoskeleton composition, low cellular fragility, and enhanced membrane proteostasis that characterize stored βThal+ RBCs. Overall, it seems that the intrinsic physiology of βThal+ RBCs benefits them in conditions mimicking a recipient environment, and in the circulation of animal models; findings that warrant validation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alkmini T. Anastasiadi
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.T.A.); (V.-Z.A.); (A.D.V.); (I.S.P.)
| | - Efthymios C. Paronis
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.C.P.); (A.C.A.); (E.G.B.); (N.G.K.)
| | - Vasiliki-Zoi Arvaniti
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.T.A.); (V.-Z.A.); (A.D.V.); (I.S.P.)
| | - Athanasios D. Velentzas
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.T.A.); (V.-Z.A.); (A.D.V.); (I.S.P.)
| | - Anastasia C. Apostolidou
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.C.P.); (A.C.A.); (E.G.B.); (N.G.K.)
| | - Evangelos G. Balafas
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.C.P.); (A.C.A.); (E.G.B.); (N.G.K.)
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.D.); (A.D.)
| | - Nikolaos G. Kostomitsopoulos
- Center of Clinical, Experimental Surgery & Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens (BRFAA), 11527 Athens, Greece; (E.C.P.); (A.C.A.); (E.G.B.); (N.G.K.)
| | | | - Issidora S. Papassideri
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.T.A.); (V.-Z.A.); (A.D.V.); (I.S.P.)
| | - Angelo D’Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.D.); (A.D.)
| | - Anastasios G. Kriebardis
- Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology (HemQcR), Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health & Welfare Sciences, University of West Attica (UniWA), 12243 Egaleo, Greece;
| | - Marianna H. Antonelou
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.T.A.); (V.-Z.A.); (A.D.V.); (I.S.P.)
| | - Vassilis L. Tzounakas
- Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 15784 Athens, Greece; (A.T.A.); (V.-Z.A.); (A.D.V.); (I.S.P.)
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