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Khursheed S, Dutta J, Ahmad I, Rather MA, Badroo IA, Bhat TA, Ahmad I, Amin A, Shah A, Qadri T, Habib H. Biogenic silver nanoparticles: Synthesis, applications and challenges in food sector with special emphasis on aquaculture. Food Chem X 2023; 20:101051. [PMID: 38144846 PMCID: PMC10740048 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture, a rapidly expanding global food sector faces challenges like pathogenic infections, water quality management and sustainability. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as promising tools in aquaculture due to their antimicrobial, antiviral and antifungal properties. AgNPs offer alternatives to traditional antimicrobial agents. Their small size and unique physicochemical properties enhance antimicrobial activity, effectively inhibiting pathogen growth and reducing disease incidence in aquatic organisms. Additionally, AgNPs can improve water quality by catalyzing the removal of pollutants, heavy metals and nutrients, reducing environmental impacts. Despite their potential benefits, several challenges and knowledge gaps exist in the utilization of AgNPs in aquaculture. Addressing challenges related to regulation, sustainability and environmental impact will be crucial for realizing their full potential in the industry. Therefore, the present review aims to provide insight into the role of AgNPs, its challenges in aquaculture and also highlights key areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Khursheed
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries Ganderbal, Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Joydeep Dutta
- Department of Zoology, School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Ishtiyaq Ahmad
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries Ganderbal, Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Mohd Ashraf Rather
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries Ganderbal, Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Irfan Ashraf Badroo
- Government Degree College Women Sopore, Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir 193201, India
| | - Tashooq Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir 190025, India
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries Ganderbal, Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Adnan Amin
- Division of Aquatic Environmental Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Rangil, Ganderbal, SKUAST-Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Azra Shah
- Division of Fish Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Fisheries Ganderbal, Sher-e- Kashmir University of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Tahiya Qadri
- Division of Food Science and Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir 190025, India
| | - Huraiya Habib
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Kulikouskaya V, Nikalaichuk V, Hileuskaya K, Ladutska A, Grigoryan K, Kozerozhets I, Hovsepyan V, Sargsyan M, Sidarenka A. Alginate coated biogenic silver nanoparticles for the treatment of Pseudomonas infections in rainbow trout. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126302. [PMID: 37573909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas species are among the main pathogens causing rainbow trout infections. The present study provides a simple, green, sustainable, and rapid technique to synthesize of biogenic alginate-capped silver nanoparticles (Alg-Ag NPs) suitable for the treatment of Pseudomonas infections. It has been shown that the mechanism (aggregative or autocatalytic) of Alg-Ag NPs formation depended on Alg concentration and the heating approach used. The rate constants and activation energy were calculated. Alg-Ag NPs were characterized by UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, TEM, AFM, XPS, and DLS. The optimal conditions for the fabrication of spherically-shaped (17-19 nm) and negatively-charged (zeta-potential <-50 mV) Alg-Ag NPs, which are stable during 9 months, included hot-plate assisted synthesis at 100 °C in diluted (1 mg/mL) Alg solutions. In vitro studies showed that Alg-Ag NPs exhibited prominent antimicrobial activity against collection Pseudomonas strains (inhibition zones ranged from 9.0 ± 1.0 to 19.0 ± 1.0 mm), with no significant loss of antibacterial efficacy after 9 months of storage. AFM analysis confirmed that the antibacterial effect of Alg-Ag NPs dealt with the direct nanomechanical disrupting of bacterial cells. The ability of Alg-Ag NPs to inhibit the growth of virulent P.aeruginosa, P.fluorescens and P. putida strains isolated from infected rainbow trout was evaluated. All tested strains were susceptible to Alg(10)-Ag NPs, while Alg(1)-Ag NPs demonstrated a limited strain-specific antibacterial effect. The obtained data displayed the prospects for the application of biogenic Alg-Ag NPs to create novel delivery systems for combating Pseudomonas infections in rainbow trout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoryia Kulikouskaya
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 36 F. Skaryna Str., 220084 Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Viktoryia Nikalaichuk
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 36 F. Skaryna Str., 220084 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Kseniya Hileuskaya
- Institute of Chemistry of New Materials, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 36 F. Skaryna Str., 220084 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Alena Ladutska
- Institute of Microbiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus, 2 Kuprevich Str., 220084 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Karine Grigoryan
- Yerevan State University, 1 Alek Manukyan St, Yerevan 0025, Armenia
| | - Irina Kozerozhets
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Mariam Sargsyan
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasiya Sidarenka
- Institute of Microbiology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus, 2 Kuprevich Str., 220084 Minsk, Belarus
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Buitrago SAM, Colombo GM, Buitrago JR, Gomes RMM, de Sousa AC, Pedrosa VF, Romano LA, de Carvalho LM, Adolfo FR, Junior WW, Josende ME, Monserrat JM. Silver nano/microparticle toxicity in the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 264:109493. [PMID: 36302473 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of silver nano/microparticles (AgP) on juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp were evaluated through several responses, aiming to use it as a prophylactic and therapeutic method. Shrimps (3.19 ± 0.13 g) were exposed to clear water for 3 h with increasing concentrations of nanosilver (0; 25; 100; and 400 μg/l). After 3 h of exposure, they were transferred to water without nanosilver for 30 days (recovery). The weight gain and weekly growth were not affected by AgNP. Total antioxidant capacity (ACAP) increased in the hepatopancreas (exposure period) and gills (recovery) in shrimp exposed to AgNP. In muscle, ACAP was induced in shrimp exposed to 100 μg/l AgNP (exposure). In the gills, there was an increase in TBARS in shrimp exposed to 100 μg/l AgNP (recovery). In the concentration of protein-associated sulfhydryl groups (P-SH), a decrease was observed in the hepatopancreas (recovery) in the 100 μg/l AgNP treatment. In chromaticity parameters, an increase in reddish tones was observed in shrimp exposed to 100 μg/l AgNP (recovery). An increase in granular hemocytes was verified in shrimp exposed to 25 and 400 μg/l AgNP during exposure. Tissues analyzed histologically showed normal patterns without apoptosis or necrosis processes, and after 30 d of recovery, only in one muscle sample of shrimp exposed to μg/l of AgNP was silver detected. It is concluded that a prophylactic action of short duration (3 h) mostly did not affected the welfare of shrimp L. vannamei and can be considered its use as a therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Astrid Muñoz Buitrago
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica Funcional de Organismos Aquáticos (BIFOA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Grecica Mariana Colombo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica Funcional de Organismos Aquáticos (BIFOA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Juan Rafael Buitrago
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica Funcional de Organismos Aquáticos (BIFOA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Robson Matheus Marreiro Gomes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica Funcional de Organismos Aquáticos (BIFOA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Alan Carvalho de Sousa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica Funcional de Organismos Aquáticos (BIFOA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Virgínia Fonseca Pedrosa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Organismos Aquáticos (LIPOA), Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Luís Alberto Romano
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Imunologia e Patologia de Organismos Aquáticos (LIPOA), Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Franciele Rovasi Adolfo
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Instituto de Química Analítica, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Wilson Wasielesky Junior
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Carcinocultura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Estrella Josende
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - José Maria Monserrat
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Aquicultura, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Laboratório de Bioquímica Funcional de Organismos Aquáticos (BIFOA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Instituto de Oceanografia (IO), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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Dietary silver nanoparticles as immunostimulant on rohu ( Labeo rohita): Effects on the growth, cellular ultrastructure, immune-gene expression, and survival against Aeromonas hydrophila. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 4:100080. [PMID: 36624883 PMCID: PMC9823159 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed at assessing the immunostimulatory properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on Labeo rohita, and understanding how it affects the growth, cellular ultrastructure, the expression level of immune genes, and infection risk from Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish (avg wt: 30.1±3.26 g) were fed diets with four separate AgNP inclusion levels (0 µgKg-1 [basic diet, T1], 10 µgKg-1 [T2], 15 µgKg-1 [T3], and 20 µgKg-1 [T4]) for 56 days. After the feeding trial, growth, histological, immunological parameters, and protective immune response against A. hydrophila were assessed. The fish in the treatment groups including T1(control), the T3 growth indices, such as specific growth rate (7.56±0.26) and percent weight gain (231.05±3.21), was statistically higher (P < 0.05). In the immunological and oxidative parameters, levels of SOD and catalase decreased in correlation with a rise in the inclusion doses of AgNP in the liver, and a reduction in catalase values was recorded in the gill. With the addition of AgNP, the NBT value was decreased in the gill, and T3 had a considerably larger (P<0.05) value in the liver (0.493±0.02). The kidney of the L. rohita fed AgNP (0 and20 µgKg-1 AgNP) showed expansion through Bowman's gaps, severing of glomeruli with haemorrhage, as well as atrophic spots between its gaps. The liver showed fibrosis, karyolysis, and the removal of the hepatocytes wall. The gill, liver, kidney, and muscle of fish-fed diets supplemented with AgNP, showed that interleukin-8 (IL-8), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), were up-regulated. Expression was considerably higher in T3 compared with the control. However, the control group that wasn't given AgNP supplemented diet had increased levels of TGF-beta. Additionally, fish on the T3 diet showed much greater post-challenge survival rates (90%). These findings strongly suggest that dietary inclusion of AgNP (at 10 and 15 µgKg-1 feed) enhances growth, health, and protective immune response against A. hydrophila.
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Ni J, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Xiong H, Jian W. Aaqueous exposure to silver nanoparticles synthesized by abalone viscera hydrolysates promotes the growth, immunity and gut health of zebrafish ( Danio rerio). Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1048216. [PMID: 36569079 PMCID: PMC9772453 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1048216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have the potential to be used in aquaculture, but their influence on the growth and health of aquatic organisms has not been extensively investigated. In this study, the abalone viscera hydrolysates decorated AgNPs (AVH-AgNPs) were dispersed into aquaculture water at different concentrations (0, 6, 9, and 18 μg/l) to evaluate the biological effects on zebrafish (Danio rerio). The results showed that the AVH-AgNPs treatments of 6 and 9 μg/l promoted the growth and did not cause obvious damage to the gills, intestines, and livers of zebrafish. All the treatments induced catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and increased glutathione (GSH) content in the livers and upregulated the expression of immune related genes. The effects of 9 and 18 μg/l AVH-AgNPs treatments were more obvious. After AVH-AgNPs treatment, the abundances of some potential pathogens, such as species Plesimonas shigelloides and Pseudomonas alcaligenes and genus Flavobacterium decreased significantly. In contrast, the abundance of some beneficial bacteria that can degrade pollutants and toxins (e.g., Rhodococcus erythropolis) increased significantly. Thus, the application of low concentrations (6 ~ 18 μg/l) of AVH-AgNPs in aquaculture water is relatively safe and has a positive effect on zebrafish farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ni
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhuan Yang
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Fisheries College, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jimei University, Xiamen, China,*Correspondence: Ying Ma,
| | - Hejian Xiong
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China,Hejian Xiong,
| | - Wenjie Jian
- Xiamen Medical College, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen, China,Wenjie Jian,
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Effects of polysaccharide-based silver and selenium nanoparticles on growth performance, biochemical parameters, and immune response of Cyprinus carpio. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2022; 3:100062. [PMID: 36419613 PMCID: PMC9680073 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparative effects of polysaccharide-based AMLP-AgNPs and AMLP-SeNPs on Cyprinus carpio were investigated. Fish that received dietary AMLP-SeNPs showed enhanced growth performance,improved immune systems , antioxidant defense systems and normalize blood biochemical parameters. Dietary AMLP-SeNPs and AMLP-AgNPs showed a higher percentage of survivability after A. hydrophila infection. Total A. hydrophila count in blood and muscles was found to be lower in fish fed with dietary AMLP-SeNPs followed by AMLP-AgNPs. These findings suggested that applying nanotechnology to aquaculture could offer up new opportunities, such as reducing feed nutrient losses, increasing faster growth.
Avicennia marina mangrove leaves polysaccharide (AMLP) was used for the synthesis of polysaccharide-based selenium (AMLP-SeNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AMLP-AgNPs). The synthesized nanoparticles were further characterized by UV-Vis, DLS, FT-IR, X-ray diffraction, and HR-TEM analysis. A 60-day (8 weeks) feeding trial experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of AMLP, AMLP-SeNPs, and AMLP-AgNPs dietary supplementation on growth performance parameters, blood parameters, immunological and enzymatic profiles in Cyprinus carpio. The characterization results of AMLP-SeNPs and AMLP-AgNPs confirmed the formation of well-stabilized spherical nanoparticles with a mean particle size of 37.25 and 72.40 nm, respectively having a crystalline structure. The feeding experiment results demonstrated that 2 mg/kg of AMLP-SeNPs followed by 0.2 mg/kg of AMLP-AgNPs showed significantly (p ˂ 0.05) higher final weight, weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR%), protein and lipid efficiency, and lower food conversion ratio as compared to other groups. The catalase, superoxidase dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activity were significantly (p ˂ 0.05) higher in the group fed 2 mg/kg supplemented AMLP-SeNPs. Total protein and globulin contents were significantly (p ˂ 0.05) higher and albumin concentration was significantly lower in fish that received 2 mg/kg of AMLP- SeNPs as compared to control. A significant increase in serum HDL and decrease in LDL and MDA concentrations were observed in the group supplemented with 2 mg/kg of nano selenium. The body's crude lipid, protein, moisture, and ash were not significantly different from the control. The AMLP-SeNPs showed significantly (p ˂ 0.05) lower aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities compared to other test groups. The relative percentage survivability (RPS%) was higher in AMLP-SeNPs (84.6%) followed by AMLP-AgNPs (76.7%) after 8th weeks of supplementary diets as compared to control groups. Overall, the finding of these studies revealed that the inclusion of AMLP-SeNPs improved the growth performance and antioxidant defense system, enhance immune response, and provide resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in Common carp.
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The optimal concentration of silver nanoparticles in sterilizing fish skin grafts. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19483. [PMID: 36376399 PMCID: PMC9663429 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23853-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen integrity should be considered on using a sterilizing agent for fish skin grafts. This study defined the optimal concentration of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) for sterilization of fish skin grafts without disrupting collagen content based on microbiological and histological evaluation. Strips of tilapia skin (n = 5) were randomly allocated to be immersed in Ag NPs solution at different concentrations of 25, 50, 100, and 250 µg/mL, respectively, for 5 min. The treated skin strips underwent bacteriological and histological evaluation. Yeast and fungi were more sensitive to Ag NPs than bacteria. On increasing the nanoparticles concentration, the total counts of aerobic bacteria decrease giving 933.3 ± 28.67, 601 ± 27.66, 288 ± 16.8, 15 ± 4.08 (CFU/cm2 ± S.D) at 25, 50, 100, and 250 µg/mL, respectively, comparing with untreated sample (1453.3 ± 57.92). Yeasts and filamentous fungi also exhibited a similar response, achieving a complete inhibition at 100 and 250 µg/mL. Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli were the dominant aerobic bacteria, Candida albicans and Rhodotorula glutinis were the dominant aerobic yeasts, whereas Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Rhizopus stolonifer were the dominant aerobic fungi. The collagen fibers were loose with a wavey pattern at 25 µg/mL, wavey and slightly disorganized at 50 µg/mL, highly disorganized at 100 µg/mL, and compactly arranged and slightly loose at 250 µg/mL. Ag NPs at a concentration of 250 µg/mL could be considered a reliable and feasible method for the sterilization of fish skin grafts before application on human skin with an effective antimicrobial effect and less disrupting impact on collagen content.
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Radhakrishnan A, Vaseeharan B, Ramasamy P, Jeyachandran S. Oral vaccination for sustainable disease prevention in aquaculture-an encapsulation approach. AQUACULTURE INTERNATIONAL : JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN AQUACULTURE SOCIETY 2022; 31:867-891. [PMID: 36407965 PMCID: PMC9660215 DOI: 10.1007/s10499-022-01004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of infectious diseases in the aquaculture industry and a limited number of safe and effective oral vaccines has imposed a challenge not only for fish immunity but also a threat to human health. The availability of fish oral vaccines has expanded recently, but little is known about how well they work and how they affect the immune system. The unsatisfactory efficacy of existing oral vaccinations is partly attributable to the antigen degradation in the adverse gastrointestinal environment of fishes, the highly tolerogenic gut environment, and inferior vaccine formulation. To overcome such challenges in designing: an easier, cost-efficient, and effective vaccination method, several encapsulation methods are being adopted to safeguard antigens from the intestinal atmosphere for their immunogenic functions. Oral vaccination is easily degraded by gastric acids and enzymes before reaching the immunological site; however, this issue can be solved by encapsulating antigens in poly-biodegradable nanoparticles, transgenic designed bacteria, plant systems, and live feeds. To enhance the immunological impact, each antigen delivery method operates at a different level. Utilizing nanotechnology, it has been possible to regulate vaccination parameters, target particular cells, and lower the antigen dosage with potent nanomaterials such as chitosan, poly D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) as vaccine carriers. Live feeds such as Artemia salina can be utilized as bio-carrier, owing to their appropriate size and non-filter feed system, through a process called bio-encapsulation. It ensures the protection of antigens over the fish intestine and ensures complete uptake by immune cells in the hindgut for increased immune response. This review comprises recent advances in oral vaccination in aquaculture in terms of an encapsulation approach that can aid in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Radhakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620001 India
| | - Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
- Department of Animal Health & Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630003 India
| | - Pasiyappazham Ramasamy
- Marine Natural Product Division, Department of Physiology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Insti tute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sivakamavalli Jeyachandran
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu 620001 India
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Krishnani KK, Boddu VM, Chadha NK, Chakraborty P, Kumar J, Krishna G, Pathak H. Metallic and non-metallic nanoparticles from plant, animal, and fisheries wastes: potential and valorization for application in agriculture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:81130-81165. [PMID: 36203045 PMCID: PMC9540199 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23301-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Global agriculture is facing tremendous challenges due to climate change. The most predominant amongst these challenges are abiotic and biotic stresses caused by increased incidences of temperature extremes, drought, unseasonal flooding, and pathogens. These threats, mostly due to anthropogenic activities, resulted in severe challenges to crop and livestock production leading to substantial economic losses. It is essential to develop environmentally viable and cost-effective green processes to alleviate these stresses in the crops, livestock, and fisheries. The application of nanomaterials in farming practice to minimize nutrient losses, pest management, and enhance stress resistance capacity is of supreme importance. This paper explores innovative methods for synthesizing metallic and non-metallic nanoparticles using plants, animals, and fisheries wastes and their valorization to mitigate abiotic and biotic stresses and input use efficiency in climate-smart and stress-resilient agriculture including crop plants, livestock, and fisheries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Kumar Krishnani
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (Deemed University), Mumbai 400061, Versova, Andheri (W), India.
| | - Veera Mallu Boddu
- Center for Environmental Solutions & Emergency Response (CESER), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Narinder Kumar Chadha
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (Deemed University), Mumbai 400061, Versova, Andheri (W), India
| | - Puja Chakraborty
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (Deemed University), Mumbai 400061, Versova, Andheri (W), India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Institute of Pesticide Formulation Technology, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Gopal Krishna
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (Deemed University), Mumbai 400061, Versova, Andheri (W), India
| | - Himanshu Pathak
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhavan, New Delhi, 110012, India
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Zhang Y, Yang Z, Ni J, Ma Y, Xiong H, Jian W. Toxicity and modulation of silver nanoparticles synthesized using abalone viscera hydrolysates on bacterial community in aquatic environment. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:968650. [PMID: 36110292 PMCID: PMC9468672 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.968650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharide decorated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are a new type of antibacterial agent in aquaculture, but their effects on the bacterial community structure in aquaculture water are still unknown. In this study, the primary hydrolysate from abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) viscera (AVH) was used to biosynthesize AVH-AgNPs by in situ reduction, and the crystallinity nature, size, morphology, and chemical composition were analyzed by high-resolution characterization techniques such as Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), X-rays diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Zeta potential, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Turbiscan stability index (TSI) values. Furthermore, the acute toxicity of AVH-AgNPs to zebrafish (Danio rerio) and their effects on bacterial community structure in fish culture water at low concentrations were studied. The results showed that the spherical AVH-AgNPs with an average diameter of 54.57 ± 12.96 nm had good stability, low toxicity, and good in vitro antibacterial activity. Within the experimental concentration range, all AVH-AgNPs treatments had decreased the bacterial diversity in zebrafish culture water to varying degrees. The bacteria with significantly decreased abundances were pathogenic or potential pathogenic, such as Aeromonas veronii, Flavobacterium columnare, and genera Flectobacillus and Bosea. The abundance of Haliscomenobacter sp. JS224, which might cause sludge swelling, also decreased significantly. On the other hand, the relative abundance of some bacterial taxa could remove xenobiotics (e.g., Runella defluvii and Phenylobacterium), control water eutrophication (Sediminibacterium), and reduce toxic algae proliferation (Candidatus Intestinusbacter nucleariae and Candidatus Finniella), increased significantly. Thus, the application of AVH-AgNPs in aquaculture water at low concentrations is relatively safe and has positive significance for improving the aquaculture environment. Also, AVH-AgNPs have good prospects in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhuan Yang
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jing Ni
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Ma,
| | - Hejian Xiong
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
- Hejian Xiong,
| | - Wenjie Jian
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Wenjie Jian,
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11
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Saleh M, Essawy E, Shaalan M, Osman S, Ahmed F, El-Matbouli M. Therapeutic Intervention with Dietary Chitosan Nanoparticles Alleviates Fish Pathological and Molecular Systemic Inflammatory Responses against Infections. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20070425. [PMID: 35877718 PMCID: PMC9315998 DOI: 10.3390/md20070425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine bio-sourced chitosan nanoparticles (CSNP) are antimicrobial and immunomodulatory agents beneficial for fish medicine. Herein, dietary CSNP was investigated for the amelioration of the systemic inflammatory responses of an induced fish model. One hundred and forty-four rainbow trout were assigned to one pathogen-free and non-supplemented group (negative control), and three challenged groups: non-supplemented (positive control), CSNP-preventive, and CSNP-therapeutic. After a feeding experiment extended for 21 days, the organosomatic indices (OSI) and molecular aspects were assessed. After a challenge experiment extended for further 28 days, CSNP-therapeutic intervention was assessed on fish survival and systemic inflammatory responses on pathology, histo-morphology, and molecular aspects. With CSNP administration, OSI nonsignificantly decreased and the relative expression of targeted inflammatory-mediator genes was significantly increased. The CSNP-therapeutic fish showed an RPS of 80% as compared to the positive control group, and CSNP-therapeutic administration retained the highest gene expression augmentation up to 28 days after the challenge. Notably, the splenic reticulin fibers framework of the CSNP-therapeutic group retained the highest integrity among the groups during the infection. After recovery, reticulin fibers density in the CSNP-therapeutic samples was significantly higher than in the negative control group, which indicates high innate immunity. Thus, CSNP showed promising biotherapeutic features enhancing fish resistance against infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Saleh
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (E.E.); (M.S.); (M.E.-M.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (F.A.)
| | - Ehab Essawy
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (E.E.); (M.S.); (M.E.-M.)
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11790, Egypt
- Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11790, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Shaalan
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (E.E.); (M.S.); (M.E.-M.)
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Shaaban Osman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt;
| | - Fatma Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (F.A.)
| | - Mansour El-Matbouli
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinärplatz 1, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (E.E.); (M.S.); (M.E.-M.)
- Division of Aquatic Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Badr Universiy, Cairo 11829, Egypt
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12
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Samms KA, Alkie TN, Jenik K, de Jong J, Klinger KM, DeWitte-Orr SJ. Oral delivery of a dsRNA-Phytoglycogen nanoparticle complex enhances both local and systemic innate immune responses in rainbow trout. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 121:215-222. [PMID: 34999226 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Salmonids are one of the most farmed fish species worldwide. These aquatic vertebrates rely heavily on their innate immune responses as the first line of defense to defend themselves against invading pathogens. Although commercial vaccines are available against some viral and bacterial pathogens affecting salmonids, their protective efficacy varies. Using a prophylactic inducer of local and systemic innate immune responses to limit infection could have significant implications in salmonid aquaculture. A potent inducer of innate immune responses in fish is double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), a molecule that all viruses make during their replicative cycle. Polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (polyI:C) is a synthetic dsRNA commonly used to induce type I interferons (IFNs), interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) as well as an antiviral state in vertebrate species. Based on in vitro data it was hypothesized that both local and systemic innate immune responses, in salmonids, would be enhanced by orally delivering high molecular weight polyI:C (HMW polyI:C) using cationic phytoglycogen nanoparticles (NPs) as a delivery method. The present study investigates this hypothesis using two feed delivery methods. In the first in vivo study, to ensure an equal distribution of dose, individual rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were orally gavaged with feed moistened with a solution containing HMW-NP (polyI:C complexed with cationic phytoglycogen nanoparticles) or HMW polyI:C alone. In a second in vivo experiment, to better mimic a more realistic feeding scenario, rainbow trout were fed feed pellets to which HMW, or HMW-NP was added. The expression of IFN1 and ISGs (vig-3, Mx1) were quantified using real-time PCR in the intestine (local response) and head kidney (systemic response). The results of these studies indicate that HMW-NP induced a higher level of IFN1 and ISG expression in the intestine and head kidney compared to the HMW fed fish. The results of this study could lead to new advances in therapeutics for the aquaculture industry by utilizing the innate immune response against invading pathogens using an orally delivered stimulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla A Samms
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Tamiru N Alkie
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Kristof Jenik
- Department of Health Sciences, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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13
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Liu M, Yang X, Zeng C, Zhao H, Li J, Hou Z, Wen H. Transcriptional Signatures of Immune, Neural, and Endocrine Functions in the Brain and Kidney of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Response to Aeromonas salmonicida Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031340. [PMID: 35163263 PMCID: PMC8835788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) serves as one of the most important commercial fish with an annual production of around 800,000 tonnes. However, infectious diseases, such as furunculosis caused by Aeromonas salmonicida infection, results in great economic loss in trout culture. The brain and kidney are two important organs associated with “sickness behaviors” and immunomodulation in response to disease. Therefore, we worked with 60 trout and investigated transcriptional responses and enrichment pathways between healthy and infected trout. We observed that furunculosis resulted in the activation of toll-like receptors with neuroinflammation and neural dysfunction in the brain, which might cause the “sickness behaviors” of infected trout including anorexia and lethargy. We also showed the salmonid-specific whole genome duplication contributed to duplicated colony stimulating factor 1 (csf-1) paralogs, which play an important role in modulating brain immunomodulation. Enrichment analyses of kidneys showed up-regulated immunomodulation and down-regulated neural functions, suggesting an immune-neural interaction between the brain and kidney. Moreover, the kidney endocrine network was activated in response to A. salmonicida infection, further convincing the communications between endocrine and immune systems in regulating internal homeostasis. Our study provided a foundation for pathophysiological responses of the brain and kidney in response to furunculosis and potentially offered a reference for generating disease-resistant trout strains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zhishuai Hou
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (H.W.); Tel.: +86-133-4524-7715 (Z.H.); +86-532-8203-1825 (H.W.)
| | - Haishen Wen
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (H.W.); Tel.: +86-133-4524-7715 (Z.H.); +86-532-8203-1825 (H.W.)
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14
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Yazhiniprabha M, Gopi N, Mahboob S, Al-Ghanim KA, Al-Misned F, Ahmed Z, Riaz MN, Sivakamavalli J, Govindarajan M, Vaseeharan B. The dietary supplementation of zinc oxide and selenium nanoparticles enhance the immune response in freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus against aquatic pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 69:126878. [PMID: 34688058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Green nanoparticles are subjected as an immunostimulant against bacterial pathogens. METHODS Murraya koenigii berry extract-based synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (Mb-ZnO NPs) and selenium nanoparticles (Mb-Se NPs) were relatively analyzed for immunostimulation in serum and mucus fish Oreochromis mossambicus against Aeromonas hydrophila infections. Initial minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for both Mb-ZnO NPs and Mb-Se NPs followed by specific growth rate (SGR), antioxidant level (Superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), Catalase activity (CA), and Glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx)), and immune parameters Myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), Respiratory burst activity (RBA), Lysozyme activity (LYZ), Alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), Serum antiprotease activity and Natural complement activity (NAC). RESULTS The potential bacterial inhibition property of Mb-ZnO NPs and Mb-Se NPs exhibited the most negligible concentration of 25 and 15 μg mL-1, respectively, against A. hydrophila. In addition, Mb-ZnO NPs and Mb-Se NPs exhibited 70-80 % and 90-95 % diminished biofilm activity at 50 μg mL-1 that was viewed under an inverted research microscope and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Protein leakage and nucleic acid leakage assay quantified oozed out protein and nucleic acid from A. hydrophila that confirms Mb-Se NPs exhibited vigorous antibacterial activity than Mb-ZnO NPs at tested concentrations. Oreochromis mossambicus fed with Mb-ZnO NPs and Mb-Se NPs supplemented diet at different concentrations (0.5 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg) improved SGR along with a rise in the immune response of those fishes against A. hydrophila infection. Serum and mucus of fish fed with Mb-Se NPs supplemented diet exhibited a significant rise in antioxidant level SOD, CA and GPx at a dosage of 2 mg/kg. Likewise, lipid peroxidation assay detected significantly diminished oxidative stress in the serum and mucus of fish fed with Mb-Se NPs supplemented diet (2 mg/kg). Enhanced immune parameters in serum and mucus of fish fed with Mb-Se NPs supplemented diet determined by MPO, RBA, LYZ, ALP, Serum antiprotease activity and NAC. CONCLUSION Thus O. mossambicus fed with Mb-Se NPs supplemented diet was less prone to become infected by aquatic pathogen A. hydrophila established by challenge study. On the whole, Mb-Se NPs supplemented diet ensured the rise in antioxidant response that boosts the immune responses and reduces the chance of getting infected against A. hydrophila infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariappan Yazhiniprabha
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Narayanan Gopi
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shahid Mahboob
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Al-Ghanim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al-Misned
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zubair Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Marimuthu Govindarajan
- Unit of Vector Control, Phytochemistry and Nanotechnology, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002 Tamil Nadu, India; Unit of Natural Products and Nanotechnology, Department of Zoology, Government College for Women (Autonomous), Kumbakonam, 612 001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
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15
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Abd El-Ghany WA, Shaalan M, Salem HM. Nanoparticles applications in poultry production: an updated review. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2021.1960235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa A. Abd El-Ghany
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Shaalan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heba M. Salem
- Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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16
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Hassanen EI, Morsy EA, Hussien AM, Farroh KY, Ali ME. Comparative assessment of the bactericidal effect of nanoparticles of copper oxide, silver, and chitosan-silver against Escherichia coli infection in broilers. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20204091. [PMID: 33786574 PMCID: PMC8056002 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20204091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli infection is considered one of the most economically important multi-systemic diseases in poultry farms. Several nanoparticles such as silver, chitosan, and copper oxide are known to be highly toxic to several microbes. However, there are no data concerning their success against in vivo experimental E. coli infection in broilers. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the bactericidal effect of low doses of CuO-NPs (5 mg/kg bwt), Ag-NPs (0.5 mg/kg bwt), and Ch-Ag NPs (0.5 mg/kg bwt) against E. coli experimental infection in broilers. One hundred chicks were divided into five groups as follows: (1) control; (2) E. coli (4 × 108 CFU/ml) challenged; (3) E. coli +CuO-NPs; (4) E. coli +Ag-NPs; (5) E. coli +Ch-Ag NPs. The challenged untreated group, not NPs treated groups, recorded the lowest weight gain as well as the highest bacterial count and lesion score in all examined organs. The highest liver content of silver was observed in Ag-NPs treated group compared with the Ch-Ag NPs treated group. Our results concluded that Ch-Ag NPs not only had the best antibacterial effects but also acted as a growth promoter in broilers without leaving any residues in edible organs. We recommend using Ch-Ag NPs in broiler farms instead of antibiotics or probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman I. Hassanen
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman A. Morsy
- Poultry Disease Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Hussien
- Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Y. Farroh
- Nanotechnology Department, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Merhan E. Ali
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Cairo, Egypt
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17
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Dietary Chitosan Nanoparticles: Potential Role in Modulation of Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) Antibacterial Defense and Intestinal Immunity against Enteric Redmouth Disease. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19020072. [PMID: 33572960 PMCID: PMC7911277 DOI: 10.3390/md19020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-nanotechnology employing bio-sourced nanomaterial is an emerging avenue serving the field of fish medicine. Marine-sourced chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) is a well-known antimicrobial and immunomodulatory reagent with low or no harm side effects on fish or their human consumers. In this study, in vitro skin mucus and serum antibacterial activity assays along with intestinal histology, histochemical, and gene expression analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of dietary CSNPs (5 g kg−1 dry feed) on rainbow trout resistance against ‘enteric redmouth’ disease. Two treatment conditions were included; short-term prophylactic-regimen for 21 days before the bacterial challenge, and long-term therapeutic-regimen for 21 days before the challenge and extended for 28 days after the challenge. Our results revealed higher antibacterial defense ability and positive intestinal histochemical and molecular traits of rainbow trout after dietary CSNPs. The prophylactic-regimen improved trout health while the therapeutic regimen improved their disease resistance and lowered their morbidity. Therefore, it is anticipated that CSNPs is an effective antibacterial and immunomodulatory fish feed supplement against the infectious threats. However, the CSNPs seem to be more effective in the therapeutic application rather than being used for short-term prophylactic applications.
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18
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Essawy E, Abdelfattah MS, El-Matbouli M, Saleh M. Synergistic Effect of Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles and Natural Phenolic Compounds against Drug-Resistant Fish Pathogens and Their Cytotoxicity: An In Vitro Study. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19010022. [PMID: 33429926 PMCID: PMC7827678 DOI: 10.3390/md19010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish pathogens causing disease outbreaks represent a major threat to aquaculture industry and food security. The aim of the presented study is to develop safe and effective bioactive agents against two bacterial isolates: Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens. We employed a broth microdilution method to investigate the antibacterial effect of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs); rutin, a natural flavonoid extracted from Ruta graveneoles; and heliomycin, a secondary metabolite produced by marine actinomycetes AB5, as monotherapeutic agents. Moreover, AgNPs in combination with rutin (AgNP + R) and heliomycin (AgNPs + H) were examined for their synergistic effect. The cytotoxic effect of individual bioactive compounds and in combination with AgNPs was investigated on epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) fish cell lines. Individual treatment of AgNPs, rutin, and heliomycin exhibited a dose-dependent antimicrobial activity against A. hydrophila and P. fluorescens. Rutin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) showed the lowest cytotoxicity when tested on EPC cell lines, while heliomycin MIC was highly cytotoxic. Combined subtherapeutic doses of AgNPs + R and AgNPs + H displayed additive and synergistic effects against A. hydrophila and P. fluorescens, respectively, with improved results and relative safety profile. The study findings demonstrate that a combination of AgNPs and natural bioactive compounds may represent novel therapeutics fighting fish pathogens potentially affecting the fish farming industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab Essawy
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.E.-M.); (M.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt;
- Helwan Nanotechnology Center, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-250774736; Fax: +43-1-250775192
| | - Mohamed S. Abdelfattah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt;
- Marine Natural Products Unit, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Mansour El-Matbouli
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.E.-M.); (M.S.)
| | - Mona Saleh
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (M.E.-M.); (M.S.)
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19
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Mahboub HH, Shahin K, Zaglool AW, Roushdy EM, Ahmed SAA. Efficacy of nano zinc oxide dietary supplements on growth performance, immunomodulation and disease resistance of African catfish Clarias gariepinus. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2020; 142:147-160. [PMID: 33331282 DOI: 10.3354/dao03531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an important trace element in fish diets that is required for growth, immunity and antioxidant defense mechanisms. The current study assessed the effects of both organic and nanoparticle zinc oxide (ZnO and ZnO-NPs, respectively) on growth performance, immune response and the antimicrobial effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Fish were fed either a control diet or diets supplemented with organic ZnO at concentrations of 20 and 30 mg kg-1 or ZnO-NPs at concentrations of 20 and 30 mg kg-1. After 60 d, a subset of the fish was injected intraperitoneally with 3 × 107 CFU ml-1 of P. aeruginosa. Results showed that body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and specific growth rates were significantly increased in ZnO-NPs20 compared to all other groups. The dietary supplementation with 20 mg kg-1 of ZnO-NPs improved the antioxidant status of fish. Moreover, IgM, lysozyme and nitric oxide showed a significant increase in the fish which received the ZnO-NPs20-supplemented diet. A significant upregulation of growth and stress-related genes was seen in the ZnO-NPs20-supplemented group compared to other groups. However, there was no significant difference in the expression of immune-related genes among ZnO-NPs20, ZnO-NPs30 and ZnO30 groups. These findings highlight the potential use of nano-ZnO for improving growth performance, antioxidant status, immunological status and antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa in African catfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba H Mahboub
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, PO Box 44519, Zagazig 4511, Sharkia, Egypt
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20
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Das S, Aswani R, Midhun SJ, Radhakrishnan E, Mathew J. Advantage of zinc oxide nanoparticles over silver nanoparticles for the management of Aeromonas veronii infection in Xiphophorus hellerii. Microb Pathog 2020; 147:104348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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21
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Ahmed F, Soliman FM, Adly MA, Soliman HA, El‐Matbouli M, Saleh M. In vitro assessment of the antimicrobial efficacy of chitosan nanoparticles against major fish pathogens and their cytotoxicity to fish cell lines. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2020; 43:1049-1063. [PMID: 32632933 PMCID: PMC7496833 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is an emerging avenue employed in disease prevention and treatment. This study evaluated the antimicrobial efficacy of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) against major bacterial and oomycete fish pathogens in comparison with chitosan suspension. Initially, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC, MIC90 ) were determined and the per cent inhibition of bacterial growth was calculated. Subsequently, the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were determined. The time-dependent disruptions of CSNP-treated pathogens were observed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the effect of CSNPs on the viability of two fish cell lines was assessed. No antimicrobial effect was observed with chitosan, while CSNPs (105 nm) exhibited a dose-dependent and species-specific antimicrobial properties. They were bactericidal against seven bacterial isolates recording MBC values from 1 to 7 mg/ml, bacteriostatic against four further isolates recording MIC values from 0.125 to 5 mg/ml and fungistatic against oomycetes recording MIC90 values of 3 and 4 mg/ml. TEM micrographs showed the attachment of CSNPs to the pathogenic cell membranes disrupting their integrity. No significant cytotoxicity was observed using 1 mg/ml CSNPs, while low dose-dependent cytotoxicity was elicited by the higher doses. Therefore, it is anticipated that CSNPs are able to compete and reduce using antibiotics in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ahmed
- Clinical Division of Fish MedicineUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
- Department of ZoologyFaculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohagEgypt
| | - Faiza M. Soliman
- Department of ZoologyFaculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohagEgypt
| | - Mohamed A. Adly
- Department of ZoologyFaculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohagEgypt
| | | | - Mansour El‐Matbouli
- Clinical Division of Fish MedicineUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
| | - Mona Saleh
- Clinical Division of Fish MedicineUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
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Tortella GR, Rubilar O, Durán N, Diez MC, Martínez M, Parada J, Seabra AB. Silver nanoparticles: Toxicity in model organisms as an overview of its hazard for human health and the environment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 390:121974. [PMID: 32062374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted remarkable attention due to their powerful antimicrobial action as well as their particular physicochemical properties. This has led to their application in a wide variety of products with promising results. However, their interaction with the environment and toxicity in live terrestrial or aquatic organisms is still a matter of intense debate. More detailed knowledge is still required about the toxicity of AgNPs, their possible uptake mechanisms and their adverse effects in live organisms. Several studies have reported the interactions and potential negative effects of AgNPs in different organisms. In this review, we report and discuss the current state of the art and perspectives for the impact of AgNPs on different organisms present in the environment. Recent progress in interpreting uptake, translocation and accumulation mechanisms in different organisms and/or living animals are discussed, as well as the toxicity of AgNPs and possible tolerance mechanisms in live organisms to cope with their deleterious effects. Finally, we discuss the challenges of accurate physicochemical characterization of AgNPs and their ecotoxicity in environmentally realistic conditions such as soil and water media.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Tortella
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente, CIBAMA-BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, 54-D, Temuco, Chile.
| | - O Rubilar
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente, CIBAMA-BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, 54-D, Temuco, Chile; Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad de La Frontera, PO Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - N Durán
- NanoBioss Lab., Chemistry Institute, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Urogenital Carcinogenesis and Immunotherapy, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - M C Diez
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente, CIBAMA-BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, 54-D, Temuco, Chile; Chemical Engineering Department, Universidad de La Frontera, PO Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - M Martínez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - J Parada
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente, CIBAMA-BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - A B Seabra
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal d ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP, Brazil.
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Shaalan M, Sellyei B, El-Matbouli M, Székely C. Efficacy of silver nanoparticles to control flavobacteriosis caused by Flavobacterium johnsoniae in common carp Cyprinus carpio. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2020; 137:175-183. [PMID: 31942863 DOI: 10.3354/dao03439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Flavobacterial infections are among the causes of fish losses in farms with the emergence of antibiotic-resistant isolates. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are known for their potent antimicrobial activity against different types of bacteria. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial properties of AgNPs (diameter: 23 nm) against Flavobacterium johnsoniae infection in common carp Cyprinus carpio. The assays included both in vitro and in vivo antibacterial tests in addition to evaluation of cell toxicity effects on the fish cell lines. The in vitro results revealed potent inhibitory effects of AgNPs on the growth of F. johnsoniae with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 34 µg ml-1. Fish cell (epithelioma papulosum cyprini and koi carp fin) viability was 95-100% after exposure to 500 ng ml-1 (and lower concentrations) of AgNPs. In the exposure experiment, mortality rates decreased from 45% in the infected non-treated group to 30 and 15% in the intraperitoneal injection and immersion-treated groups, respectively. Neither of the treated groups showed any clinical signs or histopathological lesions. The single-dose treatment with AgNPs during early infection with F. johnsoniae aided in minimizing fish losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Shaalan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt
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