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Bell A, Toh WL, Allen P, Cella M, Jardri R, Larøi F, Moseley P, Rossell SL. Examining the relationships between cognition and auditory hallucinations: A systematic review. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2024; 58:467-497. [PMID: 38470085 PMCID: PMC11128145 DOI: 10.1177/00048674241235849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Auditory hallucinations (hearing voices) have been associated with a range of altered cognitive functions, pertaining to signal detection, source-monitoring, memory, inhibition and language processes. Yet, empirical results are inconsistent. Despite this, several theoretical models of auditory hallucinations persist, alongside increasing emphasis on the utility of a multidimensional framework. Thus, clarification of current evidence across the broad scope of proposed mechanisms is warranted. METHOD A systematic search of the Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases was conducted. Records were screened to confirm the use of an objective behavioural cognitive task, and valid measurement of hallucinations specific to the auditory modality. RESULTS Auditory hallucinations were primarily associated with difficulties in perceptual decision-making (i.e. reduced sensitivity/accuracy for signal-noise discrimination; liberal responding to ambiguity), source-monitoring (i.e. self-other and temporal context confusion), working memory and language function (i.e. reduced verbal fluency). Mixed or limited support was observed for perceptual feature discrimination, imagery vividness/illusion susceptibility, source-monitoring for stimulus form and spatial context, recognition and recall memory, executive functions (e.g. attention, inhibition), emotion processing and language comprehension/hemispheric organisation. CONCLUSIONS Findings were considered within predictive coding and self-monitoring frameworks. Of concern was the portion of studies which - despite offering auditory-hallucination-specific aims and inferences - employed modality-general measures, and/or diagnostic-based contrasts with psychologically healthy individuals. This review highlights disparities within the literature between theoretical conceptualisations of auditory hallucinations and the body of rigorous empirical evidence supporting such inferences. Future cognitive investigations, beyond the schizophrenia-spectrum, which explicitly define and measure the timeframe and sensory modality of hallucinations, are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Bell
- Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wei Lin Toh
- Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Psychiatry, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul Allen
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Matteo Cella
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Renaud Jardri
- University of Lille, INSERM U-1172, Plasticity and Subjectivity Team, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition Research Centre, Fontan Hospital, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Frank Larøi
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Peter Moseley
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Psychiatry, St Vincent’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Arime Y, Saitoh Y, Ishikawa M, Kamiyoshihara C, Uchida Y, Fujii K, Takao K, Akiyama K, Ohkawa N. Activation of prefrontal parvalbumin interneurons ameliorates working memory deficit even under clinically comparable antipsychotic treatment in a mouse model of schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:720-730. [PMID: 38049583 PMCID: PMC10876596 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01769-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the critical unmet medical needs in schizophrenia is the treatment for cognitive deficits. However, the neural circuit mechanisms of them remain unresolved. Previous studies utilizing animal models of schizophrenia did not consider the fact that patients with schizophrenia generally cannot discontinue antipsychotic medication due to the high risk of relapse. Here, we used multi-dimensional approaches, including histological analysis of the prelimbic cortex (PL), LC-MS/MS-based in vivo dopamine D2 receptor occupancy analysis for antipsychotics, in vivo calcium imaging, and behavioral analyses of mice using chemogenetics to investigate neural mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies for working memory deficit in a chronic phencyclidine (PCP) mouse model of schizophrenia. Chronic PCP administration led to alterations in excitatory and inhibitory synapses, specifically in dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons, vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) positive terminals, and parvalbumin (PV) positive GABAergic interneurons located in layer 2-3 of the PL. Continuous administration of olanzapine, which achieved a sustained therapeutic window of dopamine D2 receptor occupancy (60-80%) in the striatum, did not ameliorate these synaptic abnormalities and working memory deficit in the chronic PCP-treated mice. We demonstrated that chemogenetic activation of PV neurons in the PL, as confirmed by in vivo calcium imaging, ameliorated working memory deficit in this model even under clinically comparable olanzapine treatment which by itself inhibited only PCP-induced psychomotor hyperactivity. Our study suggests that targeting prefrontal PV neurons could be a promising therapeutic intervention for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia in combination with antipsychotic medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosefu Arime
- Division for Memory and Cognitive Function, Research Center for Advanced Medical Science, Comprehensive Research Facilities for Advanced Medical Science, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
- Department of Biological Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan.
| | - Yoshito Saitoh
- Division for Memory and Cognitive Function, Research Center for Advanced Medical Science, Comprehensive Research Facilities for Advanced Medical Science, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Mikiko Ishikawa
- Division for Memory and Cognitive Function, Research Center for Advanced Medical Science, Comprehensive Research Facilities for Advanced Medical Science, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
- Department of Biological Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Chikako Kamiyoshihara
- Division for Memory and Cognitive Function, Research Center for Advanced Medical Science, Comprehensive Research Facilities for Advanced Medical Science, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yasuo Uchida
- Division of Membrane Transport and Drug Targeting, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuki Fujii
- Department of Behavioral Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Keizo Takao
- Department of Behavioral Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Akiyama
- Department of Biological Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
- Kawada Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Noriaki Ohkawa
- Division for Memory and Cognitive Function, Research Center for Advanced Medical Science, Comprehensive Research Facilities for Advanced Medical Science, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
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Bere MJ, Rossell SL, Tan EJ, Carruthers SP, Gurvich C, Neill E, Sumner PJ, Van Rheenen TE, Toh WL. Exploring the cognitive profiles related to unimodal auditory versus multisensory hallucinations in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2024; 29:55-71. [PMID: 38345024 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2024.2314941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hallucinations can be experienced across multiple sensory modalities, but psychiatric studies investigating the cognitive mechanisms of hallucinations have been somewhat restricted to the auditory domain. This study explored the cognitive profiles of individuals experiencing multisensory hallucinations (MH) in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD) and compared these to those experiencing unimodal auditory hallucinations (AH) or no hallucinations (NH). METHODS Participants included SSD patients (n = 119) stratified by current hallucination status (NH, AH, MH) and nonclinical controls (NCs; n = 113). Group performance was compared across several cognitive domains: speed of processing, attention, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning and problem-solving, social cognition, and inhibition. RESULTS The clinical groups performed worse than NCs but differences between the clinical groups were not evident across most cognitive domains. Exploratory analyses revealed that the MH group was more impaired on the visual learning task compared to the NH (but not AH) group. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary results suggest that impaired visual learning may be related to MH. This could be attributed to the presence of visual hallucinations (VH), or greater psychopathology, in this group. However, replication is needed, as well as the investigation of other potential cognitive mechanisms of MH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikaela J Bere
- Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Susan L Rossell
- Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eric J Tan
- Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- Memory Ageing & Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sean P Carruthers
- Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Caroline Gurvich
- Department of Psychiatry, Monash University & Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Erica Neill
- Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Philip J Sumner
- Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tamsyn E Van Rheenen
- Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wei Lin Toh
- Centre for Mental Health and Brain Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Psychology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Panikratova YR, Lebedeva IS, Akhutina TV, Tikhonov DV, Kaleda VG, Vlasova RM. Executive control of language in schizophrenia patients with history of auditory verbal hallucinations: A neuropsychological and resting-state fMRI study. Schizophr Res 2023; 262:201-210. [PMID: 37923596 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As demonstrated by a plethora of studies, compromised executive functions (EF) and language are implicated in mechanisms of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH), but the contribution of their interaction to AVH remains unclear. We hypothesized that schizophrenia patients with history of AVH (AVHh+) vs. without history of AVH (AVHh-) have a specific deficit of executive control of language and alterations in functional connectivity (FC) between the brain regions involved in EF and language, and these neuropsychological and neurophysiological traits are associated with each other. METHODS To explore the executive control of language and its contribution to AVH, we used an integrative approach involving analysis of neuropsychological and resting-state fMRI data of 34 AVHh+, 16 AVHh-, and 40 healthy controls. We identified the neuropsychological and FC measures that differentiated between AVHh+, AVHh-, and HC, and tested the associations between them. RESULTS AVHh+ were characterized by decreased category and phonological verbal fluency, utterance length, productivity in the planning tasks, and poorer retelling. AVHh+ had decreased FC between the left inferior frontal gyrus and the anterior cingulate cortex. Productivity in category verbal fluency was associated with the FC between these regions. CONCLUSIONS Poor executive control of word retrieval and deficient programming of sentence and narrative related to more general deficits of planning may be the neuropsychological traits specific for AVHh+. A neurophysiological trait specific for AVHh+ may be a decreased FC between regions involved in language production and differentiation between alien- vs. self-generated speech and between language production vs. comprehension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana R Panikratova
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Multimodal Analysis, Mental Health Research Center, 115522, 34 Kashirskoye shosse, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Irina S Lebedeva
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Multimodal Analysis, Mental Health Research Center, 115522, 34 Kashirskoye shosse, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Akhutina
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Faculty of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 125009, 11/9 Mokhovaya street, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis V Tikhonov
- Department of Youth Psychiatry, Mental Health Research Center, 115522, 34 Kashirskoye shosse, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasilii G Kaleda
- Department of Youth Psychiatry, Mental Health Research Center, 115522, 34 Kashirskoye shosse, Moscow, Russia
| | - Roza M Vlasova
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, 101 Manning Dr # 1, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, United States of America
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Haigh SM, Berryhill ME, Kilgore-Gomez A, Dodd M. Working memory and sensory memory in subclinical high schizotypy: An avenue for understanding schizophrenia? Eur J Neurosci 2023; 57:1577-1596. [PMID: 36895099 PMCID: PMC10178355 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The search for robust, reliable biomarkers of schizophrenia remains a high priority in psychiatry. Biomarkers are valuable because they can reveal the underlying mechanisms of symptoms and monitor treatment progress and may predict future risk of developing schizophrenia. Despite the existence of various promising biomarkers that relate to symptoms across the schizophrenia spectrum, and despite published recommendations encouraging multivariate metrics, they are rarely investigated simultaneously within the same individuals. In those with schizophrenia, the magnitude of purported biomarkers is complicated by comorbid diagnoses, medications and other treatments. Here, we argue three points. First, we reiterate the importance of assessing multiple biomarkers simultaneously. Second, we argue that investigating biomarkers in those with schizophrenia-related traits (schizotypy) in the general population can accelerate progress in understanding the mechanisms of schizophrenia. We focus on biomarkers of sensory and working memory in schizophrenia and their smaller effects in individuals with nonclinical schizotypy. Third, we note irregularities across research domains leading to the current situation in which there is a preponderance of data on auditory sensory memory and visual working memory, but markedly less in visual (iconic) memory and auditory working memory, particularly when focusing on schizotypy where data are either scarce or inconsistent. Together, this review highlights opportunities for researchers without access to clinical populations to address gaps in knowledge. We conclude by highlighting the theory that early sensory memory deficits contribute negatively to working memory and vice versa. This presents a mechanistic perspective where biomarkers may interact with one another and impact schizophrenia-related symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Haigh
- Department of Psychology, Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Programs in Cognitive and Brain Sciences, and Neuroscience, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Marian E. Berryhill
- Department of Psychology, Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Programs in Cognitive and Brain Sciences, and Neuroscience, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Alexandrea Kilgore-Gomez
- Department of Psychology, Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Programs in Cognitive and Brain Sciences, and Neuroscience, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Michael Dodd
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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Associations between symptom and neurocognitive dimensions in clinical high risk for psychosis. Schizophr Res Cogn 2022; 29:100260. [PMID: 35677653 PMCID: PMC9168614 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2022.100260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) is associated with mild cognitive impairments. Symptoms are clustered into positive, negative and disorganization symptoms. The association between specific symptom dimensions and cognitive functions remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between cognitive functions and positive, negative, and disorganization symptoms. Method 53 CHR subjects fulfilling criteria for attenuated psychotic syndrome in the Structural Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS) were assessed for cognitive function. Five cognitive domain z-scores were defined by contrasting with observed scores of a group of healthy controls (n = 40). Principal Components Analyses were performed to construct general cognitive composite scores; one using all subtests and one using the cognitive domains. Associations between cognitive functions and symptoms are presented as Spearman's rank correlations and partial Spearman's rank correlations adjusted for age and gender. Results Positive symptoms were negatively associated with executive functions and verbal memory, and disorganization symptoms with poorer verbal fluency. Negative symptoms were associated with better executive functioning. There were no significant associations between the general cognitive composites and any of the symptom domains, except for a trend for positive symptoms. Conclusion In line with previous research, data indicated associations between positive symptoms and poorer executive functioning. Negative symptoms may not be related to executive functions in CHR the same way as in psychosis. Our results could indicate that attenuated positive symptoms are more related to cognitive deficits in CHR than positive symptoms in schizophrenia and FEP.
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Ruiz-Castañeda P, Santiago Molina E, Aguirre Loaiza H, Daza González MT. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia and their relationship with cognitive and emotional executive functions. Cogn Res Princ Implic 2022; 7:78. [PMID: 35960384 PMCID: PMC9374871 DOI: 10.1186/s41235-022-00428-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive symptoms of schizophrenia are associated with significant difficulties in daily functioning, and these difficulties have been associated with impaired executive functions (EEFF). However, specific cognitive and socio-emotional executive deficits have not been fully established. OBJECTIVE The present study has several objectives. First, we aimed to examine the specific deficits in cognitive and socio-emotional EEFF in a group of patients with schizophrenia with a predominance of positive symptoms, as well as to determine if these patients present clinically significant scores in any of the three fronto-subcortical behavioral syndromes: Dorsolateral, Orbitofrontal, or Anterior Cingulate. METHOD The sample consisted of 54 patients, 27 with a predominance of positive symptoms, and 27 healthy controls matched for gender, age, and education. The two groups completed four cognitive and three socio-emotional EEFF tasks. In the group of patients, positive symptoms were evaluated using the scale for the Evaluation of Positive Symptoms (SANS), while the behavioral alterations associated with the three fronto-subcortical syndromes were evaluated using the Frontal System Behavior Scale (FrSBe). RESULTS The patients, in comparison with a control group, presented specific deficits in cognitive and socio-emotional EEFF. In addition, a high percentage of patients presented clinically significant scores on the three fronto-subcortical syndromes. CONCLUSION The affectation that these patients present, in terms of both cognitive and emotional components, highlights the importance of developing a neuropsychological EEFF intervention that promotes the recovery of the affected cognitive capacities and improves the social and emotional functioning of the affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Ruiz-Castañeda
- Neuropsychological Evaluation and Rehabilitation Center (CERNEP), University of Almeria, Carretera de Sacramento, s / n. La Cañada de San Urbano. 04120, Almeria, Spain
- Department of Psychology, University of Almeria Spain, Carretera de Sacramento, s /n. La Cañada de San Urbano. 04120, Almeria, Spain
| | - Encarnación Santiago Molina
- Mental Health Hospitalization Unit of Torrecárdenas University Hospital, Calle Hermandad de Donantes de Sangre, s/n, 04009, Almería, Spain
| | - Haney Aguirre Loaiza
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Pereira, Avenida Sur/Las Americas Cra 21 # 49-95, Pereira, Colombia
| | - María Teresa Daza González
- Neuropsychological Evaluation and Rehabilitation Center (CERNEP), University of Almeria, Carretera de Sacramento, s / n. La Cañada de San Urbano. 04120, Almeria, Spain.
- Department of Psychology, University of Almeria Spain, Carretera de Sacramento, s /n. La Cañada de San Urbano. 04120, Almeria, Spain.
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Shen X, Jiang F, Fang X, Yan W, Xie S, Zhang R. Cognitive dysfunction and cortical structural abnormalities in first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia patients with auditory verbal hallucination. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:998807. [PMID: 36186860 PMCID: PMC9523744 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.998807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to examine the cognitive profiles and cortical structural alterations in first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia with AVH (auditory verbal hallucination). METHODS Cortical structural parameters including cortical thickness and local gyrification index (LGI) estimated using FreeSurfer as well as cognitive performance assessed on the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) were acquired from 78 schizophrenia patients with AVH, 74 schizophrenia patients without AVH (non-AVH), and 76 healthy controls (HC). Hoffman Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale (HAHRS) was applied to assess the severity of AVH. RESULTS The results revealed extensive deficits in all cognitive domains among AVH, non-AVH, and HC groups. Compared to non-AVH group, the AVH group showed poorer performance on visual learning and verbal learning domains. There were six brain regions with cortical thinning in the right hemisphere of inferior temporal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, lateral orbito frontal cortex, rostral anterior cingulate cortex, supramarginal gyrus and insula, and two brain regions with increased LGI in the left hemisphere of superior parietal gyrus and the right hemisphere of caudal anterior cingulate cortex on AVH group relative to non-AVH group. Correlation analysis revealed that the cortical thickness in the right hemisphere of lateral orbito frontal cortex was negatively correlated with the severity of AVH in schizophrenia patients with AVH. CONCLUSION Visual learning, verbal learning dysfunction, and specific disruption of cortical structure may characterize schizophrenia patients with AVH during early stages of the disorder. Right lateral orbito frontal cortical deficits may be the pathological mechanisms underlying AVH in first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuran Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fuli Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Fang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiping Xie
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Ferraro L, La Cascia C, La Barbera D, Sanchez-Gutierrez T, Tripoli G, Seminerio F, Sartorio C, Marrazzo G, Sideli L, Arango C, Arrojo M, Bernardo M, Bobes J, Del-Ben CM, Gayer-Anderson C, Jongsma HE, Kirkbride JB, Lasalvia A, Tosato S, Llorca PM, Menezes PR, Rutten BP, Santos JL, Sanjuán J, Selten JP, Szöke A, Tarricone I, Muratori R, Tortelli A, Velthorst E, Rodriguez V, Quattrone A, Jones PB, Van Os J, Vassos E, Morgan C, de Haan L, Reininghaus U, Cardno AG, Di Forti M, Murray RM, Quattrone D. The relationship of symptom dimensions with premorbid adjustment and cognitive characteristics at first episode psychosis: Findings from the EU-GEI study. Schizophr Res 2021; 236:69-79. [PMID: 34403965 PMCID: PMC8473991 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Premorbid functioning and cognitive measures may reflect gradients of developmental impairment across diagnostic categories in psychosis. In this study, we sought to examine the associations of current cognition and premorbid adjustment with symptom dimensions in a large first episode psychosis (FEP) sample. We used data from the international EU-GEI study. Bifactor modelling of the Operational Criteria in Studies of Psychotic Illness (OPCRIT) ratings provided general and specific symptom dimension scores. Premorbid Adjustment Scale estimated premorbid social (PSF) and academic adjustment (PAF), and WAIS-brief version measured IQ. A MANCOVA model examined the relationship between symptom dimensions and PSF, PAF, and IQ, having age, sex, country, self-ascribed ethnicity and frequency of cannabis use as confounders. In 785 patients, better PSF was associated with fewer negative (B = -0.12, 95% C.I. -0.18, -0.06, p < 0.001) and depressive (B = -0.09, 95% C.I. -0.15, -0.03, p = 0.032), and more manic (B = 0.07, 95% C.I. 0.01, 0.14, p = 0.023) symptoms. Patients with a lower IQ presented with slightly more negative and positive, and fewer manic, symptoms. Secondary analysis on IQ subdomains revealed associations between better perceptual reasoning and fewer negative (B = -0.09, 95% C.I. -0.17, -0.01, p = 0.023) and more manic (B = 0.10, 95% C.I. 0.02, 0.18, p = 0.014) symptoms. Fewer positive symptoms were associated with better processing speed (B = -0.12, 95% C.I. -0.02, -0.004, p = 0.003) and working memory (B = -0.10, 95% C.I. -0.18, -0.01, p = 0.024). These findings suggest that the negative and manic symptom dimensions may serve as clinical proxies of different neurodevelopmental predisposition in psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ferraro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BiND), Section of Psychiatry, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Caterina La Cascia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BiND), Section of Psychiatry, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele La Barbera
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BiND), Section of Psychiatry, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Giada Tripoli
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BiND), Section of Psychiatry, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Seminerio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BiND), Section of Psychiatry, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Crocettarachele Sartorio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BiND), Section of Psychiatry, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Marrazzo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BiND), Section of Psychiatry, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Lucia Sideli
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic (BiND), Section of Psychiatry, University of Palermo, Via G. La Loggia 1, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM (CIBERSAM), C/Doctor Esquerdo 46, 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Arrojo
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Genetic Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
| | - Miguel Bernardo
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Department of Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julio Bobes
- Department of Medicine, Psychiatry Area, School of Medicine, Universidad de Oviedo, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Julián Clavería s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Cristina Marta Del-Ben
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Charlotte Gayer-Anderson
- Department of Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Hannah E. Jongsma
- Psylife Group, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 7NF, UK
| | - James B. Kirkbride
- Psylife Group, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, 6th Floor, Maple House, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 7NF, UK
| | - Antonio Lasalvia
- Section of Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sarah Tosato
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | | | - Paulo Rossi Menezes
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bart P. Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jose Luis Santos
- Department of Psychiatry, Servicio de Psiquiatría Hospital "Virgen de la Luz", C/Hermandad de Donantes de Sangre, 16002 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Julio Sanjuán
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), C/Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jean-Paul Selten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands,Rivierduinen Institute for Mental Health Care, Sandifortdreef 19, 2333 ZZLeiden, the Netherlands
| | - Andrei Szöke
- INSERM, U955, Equipe 15, 51 Avenue de Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Ilaria Tarricone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Science, Psychiatry Unit, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Viale Pepoli 5, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Muratori
- Dapertment of Mental Health and pathological addictions, Bologna Local Health Authority, Italy
| | - Andrea Tortelli
- Etablissement Public de Santé Maison Blanche, Paris 75020, France
| | - Eva Velthorst
- Department of Psychiatry, Early Psychosis Section, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 5, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Victoria Rodriguez
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Andrea Quattrone
- National Health Service, Villa Betania Institute, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Peter B. Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,CAMEO Early Intervention Service, Cambridgeshire & Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB21 5EF, UK
| | - Jim Van Os
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK,Department Psychiatry, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht University Medical Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Evangelos Vassos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Craig Morgan
- Department of Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Department of Psychiatry, Early Psychosis Section, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Reininghaus
- Department of Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK,Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, South Limburg Mental Health Research and Teaching Network, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 616, 6200, MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands,Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alastair G. Cardno
- Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Marta Di Forti
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK,South London and Maudsley NHS Mental Health Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Robin M. Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AF, UK,South London and Maudsley NHS Mental Health Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Diego Quattrone
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK,Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany,South London and Maudsley NHS Mental Health Foundation Trust, London, UK
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10
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Wang X, Cheng B, Roberts N, Wang S, Luo Y, Tian F, Yue S. Shared and distinct brain fMRI response during performance of working memory tasks in adult patients with schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:5458-5476. [PMID: 34431584 PMCID: PMC8519858 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Working memory (WM) impairments are common features of psychiatric disorders. A systematic meta-analysis was performed to determine common and disorder-specific brain fMRI response during performance of WM tasks in patients with SZ and patients with MDD relative to healthy controls (HC). Thirty-four published fMRI studies of WM in patients with SZ and 18 published fMRI studies of WM in patients with MDD, including relevant HC, were included in the meta-analysis. In both SZ and MDD there was common stronger fMRI response in right medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), which are part of the default mode network (DMN). The effects were of greater magnitude in SZ than MDD, especially in prefrontal-temporal-cingulate-striatal-cerebellar regions. In addition, a disorder-specific weaker fMRI response was observed in right middle frontal gyrus (MFG) in MDD, relative to HC. For both SZ and MDD a significant correlation was observed between the severity of clinical symptoms and lateralized fMRI response relative to HC. These findings indicate that there may be common and distinct anomalies in brain function underlying deficits in WM in SZ and MDD, which may serve as a potential functional neuroimaging-based diagnostic biomarker with value in supporting clinical diagnosis, measuring illness severity and assessing the efficacy of treatments for SZ and MDD at the brain level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, the Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Bochao Cheng
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Neil Roberts
- Edinburgh Imaging Facility, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya Luo
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangfang Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Suping Yue
- Department of Psychiatry, the Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
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11
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Aase I, Langeveld JH, Johannessen JO, Joa I, Dalen I, Ten Velden Hegelstad W. Cognitive predictors of longitudinal positive symptom course in clinical high risk for psychosis. SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH-COGNITION 2021; 26:100210. [PMID: 34381698 PMCID: PMC8340303 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2021.100210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Clinical High Risk (CHS) for psychosis is a state in which positive symptoms are predominant but do not reach a level of severity that fulfils the criteria for a psychotic episode. The aim of this study has been to investigate whether cognition in subjects with newly detected CHR affects the longitudinal development of positive symptoms. Methods Fifty-three CHR individuals fulfilling the criteria for attenuated positive syndrome in the Structural Interview for Prodromal Syndromes (SIPS) were included. At inclusion, all participants completed a neurocognitive battery consisting of tests measuring attention, verbal memory, verbal fluency, executive functions and general intelligence. Cognitive domain z-scores were defined by contrasting with observed scores of a group of matched healthy controls (n = 40). Associations between cognitive performance at inclusion and longitudinal measures of positive symptoms were assessed by using generalised linear models including non-linear effects of time. All regression models were adjusted for age and gender. Results Overall, SIPS positive symptoms declined over the time period, with a steeper decline during the first six months. Deficits in executive functions were assossiated witn a higher load of positive symptoms at baseline (p=0.006), but also to a faster improvement (p=0.030), wheras those with poor verbal fluency improved more slowly (p=0.018). Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study that follows CHR subjects by means of frequent clinical interviews over a sustained period of time. The study provides evidence of an association between executive functions, including verbal fluency, with the evolvement of positive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingvild Aase
- TIPS Center for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Clinic for Adult Mental Health Care, Stavanger University Hospital, P.O. 8100, 4068 Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Johannes Hendrik Langeveld
- TIPS Center for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Clinic for Adult Mental Health Care, Stavanger University Hospital, P.O. 8100, 4068 Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Jan Olav Johannessen
- TIPS Center for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Clinic for Adult Mental Health Care, Stavanger University Hospital, P.O. 8100, 4068 Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Inge Joa
- TIPS Center for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Clinic for Adult Mental Health Care, Stavanger University Hospital, P.O. 8100, 4068 Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ingvild Dalen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway.,Research Department, Stavanger University Hospital, P. O. 8100, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Wenche Ten Velden Hegelstad
- TIPS Center for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Clinic for Adult Mental Health Care, Stavanger University Hospital, P.O. 8100, 4068 Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
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12
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Kilciksiz CM, Keefe R, Benoit J, Öngür D, Torous J. Verbal memory measurement towards digital perspectives in first-episode psychosis: A review. Schizophr Res Cogn 2020; 21:100177. [PMID: 32322540 PMCID: PMC7163058 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2020.100177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Even in the early phases of psychotic spectrum illnesses such as schizophrenia, patients can experience cognitive decline or deficits prior to the onset of psychotic symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations. In this systematic review, we assessed which verbal memory assessments are most widely used in first-episode psychosis and may be applied via digital technologies (smartphone applications, etc.) for use in early detection. METHODS In November 2019, we searched for studies measuring verbal memory in first episode psychosis or schizophrenia over the past 10 years on PubMed and PsycINFO. We screened abstracts of these studies and excluded review studies. Full-texts of included studies were used to identify the verbal memory measurement tests, follow-up frequencies, and sample sizes. RESULTS We screened 233 reports and found that 120 original research studies measured verbal memory in first episode psychosis over the past 10 years. Four of these studies specified using a computer, 24 (20%) used a paper-pen format, 1(1%) used both, and 91 (76%) studies did not specify their administration tools or suggest there were offered in digital formats. Thirty-five (30%) studies had follow-up measurements of verbal memory, while 85 (70%) had only a single verbal memory measurement. DISCUSSION While many scales are commonly used to measure verbal memory in first episode psychosis, they are not often administered via digital technology. There is an emerging opportunity to administer these and other tests via digital technologies for expanding access to early detection of cognitive decline in clinical high risk and first-episode psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Mişel Kilciksiz
- Digital Psychiatry Division, Psychosis Research Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Richard Keefe
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - James Benoit
- Digital Psychiatry Division, Psychosis Research Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Dost Öngür
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Psychotic Disorders Division, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States of America
| | - John Torous
- Digital Psychiatry Division, Psychosis Research Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
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13
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Toh WL, Tan EJ, Neill E, Van Rheenen TE, Gurvich C, Sumner PJ, Carruthers SP, Thomas EHX, Rossell SL. Identifying the cognitive underpinnings of voice-hearing by comparing never, past and current voice-hearers. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2020; 141:553-562. [PMID: 32144760 DOI: 10.1111/acps.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study aimed to compare specific cognitive profiles corresponding to auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) status and elucidate which pattern of cognitive deficits may predict voice-hearing status. METHOD Clinical participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were partitioned into: (i) current voice-hearers (n = 46), (ii) past voice-hearers (n = 37) and (iii) never voice-hearers (n = 40), and compared with 319 non-clinical controls. Cognitive assessment employed the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), supplemented by the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) Colour-Word Interference Test (Stroop) as a robust measure of executive function. RESULTS On the Visual Learning domain, current and past voice-hearers had significantly poorer performance relative to never voice-hearers, who in turn had significantly poorer performance than non-clinical controls. Current and never voice-hearers had significantly poorer performance on the Social Cognition domain relative to non-clinical controls. Current voice-hearers also had significantly poorer performance on the Inhibition domain relative to non-clinical controls. Binary logistic regression revealed that Visual Learning was the only significant cognitive predictor of AVH presence. CONCLUSION Visual learning, and potentially inhibition, may be viable therapeutic targets when addressing cognitive mechanisms associated with AVHs. Future research should focus on investigating additional cognitive mechanisms, employing diverse voice-hearing populations and embarking on related longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Toh
- Faculty of Health, Arts & Design, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - E J Tan
- Faculty of Health, Arts & Design, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - E Neill
- Faculty of Health, Arts & Design, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - T E Van Rheenen
- Faculty of Health, Arts & Design, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne & Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - C Gurvich
- Alfred Hospital & Central Clinical School, Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - P J Sumner
- Faculty of Health, Arts & Design, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - S P Carruthers
- Faculty of Health, Arts & Design, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - E H X Thomas
- Alfred Hospital & Central Clinical School, Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - S L Rossell
- Faculty of Health, Arts & Design, Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Vic., Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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14
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Herman AB, Brown EG, Dale CL, Hinkley LB, Subramaniam K, Houde JF, Fisher M, Vinogradov S, Nagarajan SS. The Visual Word Form Area compensates for auditory working memory dysfunction in schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8881. [PMID: 32483253 PMCID: PMC7264140 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63962-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Auditory working memory impairments feature prominently in schizophrenia. However, the existence of altered and perhaps compensatory neural dynamics, sub-serving auditory working memory, remains largely unexplored. We compared the dynamics of induced high gamma power (iHGP) across cortex in humans during speech-sound working memory in individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) and healthy comparison subjects (HC) using magnetoencephalography (MEG). SZ showed similar task performance to HC while utilizing different brain regions. During encoding of speech sounds, SZ lacked the correlation of iHGP with task performance in posterior superior temporal gyrus (STGp) that was observed in healthy subjects. Instead, SZ recruited the visual word form area (VWFA) during both stimulus encoding and response preparation. Importantly, VWFA activity during encoding correlated with the magnitude of SZ hallucinations, task performance and an independent measure of verbal working memory. These findings suggest that VWFA plasticity is harnessed to compensate for STGp dysfunction in schizophrenia patients with hallucinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B Herman
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- UCB-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Ethan G Brown
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Corby L Dale
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Leighton B Hinkley
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Karuna Subramaniam
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - John F Houde
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Melissa Fisher
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- San Francisco Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Sophia Vinogradov
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- San Francisco Veterans' Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Srikantan S Nagarajan
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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15
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Rosen C, Chase KA, Perona-Garcelán S, Marvin RW, Sharma RP. The psychometric properties of the DAIMON Scale, a translation from Spanish to English: An instrument to measure the relationship with and between voices. PSYCHOSIS-PSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIAL AND INTEGRATIVE APPROACHES 2019; 12:45-56. [PMID: 32983256 DOI: 10.1080/17522439.2019.1652843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cherise Rosen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kayla A Chase
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Salvador Perona-Garcelán
- University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, and University of Seville Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment Department, Spain
| | - Robert W Marvin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Rajiv P Sharma
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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16
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Gaudiot C, Du X, Summerfelt A, Hare SM, Bustillo JR, Rowland LM, Hong LE. A working memory related mechanism of auditory hallucinations. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY 2019; 128:423-430. [PMID: 31058523 PMCID: PMC6774251 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive mechanisms underlying auditory hallucinations (AH) in schizophrenia have been related to working memory (WM), although the formative mechanism is unknown. The phonological loop refers to subvocal rehearsals of information held online for supporting WM. As WM deficiency is frequent in schizophrenia, we hypothesized that AH and WM deficit share a common dysfunction in phonological loop operation, especially when it is taxed by ambiguous auditory and verbal associations. We developed an active phonological priming (APP) paradigm in which participants generated arbitrary verbal associations to pseudowords with ambiguous meaning. They were later asked to rate their familiarity to each pseudoword, a task that required subvocal evaluation of ambiguous auditory-verbal information. Factor and mediation analyses were used to test the hypothesis that WM, AH, and APP induced phonological bias toward perceiving ambiguous contents as familiar may share a common underlying mechanism. In 32 patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and 20 healthy controls (HC), SZ rated ambiguous pseudowords as significantly more familiar compared with HC (p = .006), indicating a proneness to APP-induced bias. This increased subjective bias to perceive ambiguous contents as familiar after APP significantly correlated with AH severity (p = .001) and mediated the relationship between WM and AH. Factor analysis demonstrated a common latent factor among WM, AH, and the bias induced by active priming to ambiguous contents. A heightened phonological loop priming to ambiguous contents appears to be mechanistically linked to WM deficits and AH in schizophrenia. These findings emphasize the importance of jointly addressing WM deficits and AH in clinical practice and research. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Gaudiot
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Xiaoming Du
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ann Summerfelt
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stephanie M. Hare
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Juan R. Bustillo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Laura M. Rowland
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - L. Elliot Hong
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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17
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Siddi S, Nuñez C, Senior C, Preti A, Cuevas-Esteban J, Ochoa S, Brébion G, Stephan-Otto C. Depression, auditory-verbal hallucinations, and delusions in patients with schizophrenia: Different patterns of association with prefrontal gray and white matter volume. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2019; 283:55-63. [PMID: 30544051 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Structural brain abnormalities, including decreased gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volume, have been observed in patients with schizophrenia. These decrements were found to be associated with positive and negative symptoms, but affective symptoms (depression and anxiety) were poorly explored. We hypothesized that abnormalities in GM and WM volume might also be related to affective symptoms. GM and WM volumes were calculated from high-resolution T1 structural images acquired from 24 patients with schizophrenia and 26 healthy controls, and the associations of positive, negative, and affective symptoms with the brain volumes that showed significant reduction in patients were investigated. Patients demonstrated GM volume reductions in the bilateral prefrontal cortex, and WM volume reductions in the right frontal and left corpus callosum. Prefrontal cortex volume was significantly and inversely associated with both auditory-verbal hallucinations and depression severity. WM volume alterations, in contrast, were related to alogia, anhedonia, and delusions. The combined impact of auditory-verbal hallucinations and depression on similar sub-regions of the prefrontal cortex suggests that depression is involved in hearing voices. Further, this adverse impact of depression on prefrontal GM volume may underlie the impairment demonstrated by these patients in cognitive tasks that rely on executive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Siddi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Section of Clinical Psychology, Department of Education, Psychology, and Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Christian Nuñez
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carl Senior
- School of Life & Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Antonio Preti
- Section of Clinical Psychology, Department of Education, Psychology, and Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Italy; Center of Liaison Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, University Hospital, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Jorge Cuevas-Esteban
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Susana Ochoa
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gildas Brébion
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Stephan-Otto
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
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18
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Gupta T, DeVylder JE, Auerbach R, Schiffman J, Mittal VA. Speech illusions and working memory performance in non-clinical psychosis. Schizophr Res 2018; 195:391-395. [PMID: 29089190 PMCID: PMC5924653 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Psychotic disorders are characterized by auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs), and research has shown that AVHs are linked to deficits in working memory. Our understanding of AVHs across the psychosis continuum is limited. To date, little research has tested whether hallucination proneness (HP) is linked with abnormalities on experimental multispeaker babble tasks. Few investigations have been conducted to determine how task performance might be linked to cognitive functioning. The objective of the current study is to better understand this empirical gap. A total of 70 adults (30 healthy controls and 40 HP individuals) were administered an experimental task in which they listened to multispeaker babble and were instructed to report any words or chains of consecutive words (CCWs) perceived. Participants also were administered nonverbal and verbal working memory tasks. Findings revealed that relative to the control group, the HP individuals perceived more words and longer CCWs during the task. While there were no significant differences in working memory tasks between the HP and control groups, longer CCW's were associated with decreased verbal working memory scores in the HP group. AVH proneness may occur across a continuum of psychosis and may be linked with other theoretically relevant cognitive vulnerability factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Gupta
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Jordan E. DeVylder
- University of Maryland School of Social Work, Baltimore MD USA, Northwestern University, Evanston IL USA
| | - Randy Auerbach
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, Northwestern University, Evanston IL USA,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA USA, Northwestern University, Evanston IL USA
| | - Jason Schiffman
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Department of Psychology, Baltimore MD USA, Northwestern University, Evanston IL USA
| | - Vijay A. Mittal
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL USA,Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University, Evanston IL USA,Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston IL USA,Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston IL USA
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19
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Thoma RJ, Haghani-Tehrani P, Turner J, Bigelow R, Lewine JD, Clark VP, Yeo RA, Stephen J, Stephen J. Neuropsychological analysis of auditory verbal hallucinations. Schizophr Res 2018; 192:459-460. [PMID: 28461117 PMCID: PMC5788735 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent neuropsychological studies have distinguished deficits in verbal working memory, verbal memory, and confrontation naming from other neuropsychological domains as specifically related to the severity of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) in schizophrenia (Gisselgard et al., 2014; Siddi et al., 2017). To extend this research, it was hypothesized that AVH severity would be related only to measures within the language domain and the test battery was augmented with the [CTOPP2 and COWAT…define?] to more comprehensively define the language processing functions most predictive of AVH. A neuropsychological test battery was administered to a group of adult patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder (N = 30), who continued to experience AVH despite clinical treatment. Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that poorer performance on measures of verbal working memory and verbal immediate memory significantly predicted greater AVH severity. Going beyond the prior studies, it was also shown that greater impairment of semantic fluency and lesser impairment in delayed general memory were also significant predictors of AVH. Intellectual ability and executive functioning, considered as covariates, were not significant predictors and their inclusion in regression analyses did not affect the pattern of results. Lastly, when cognitive predictors were accounted for, a trend toward an effect of medication (assessed as olanzapine equivalents) emerged such that higher dose predicted less severe AVH. Taken together, better performance on measures of linguistic processes associated with verbal working memory, semantic fluency and verbal learning predicts less severe AVH, perhaps most consistent with limited capacity language processing models. The finding that better delayed memory predicted more severe AVH is consistent with AVH memory models suggesting that AVH are dependent upon information recalled from memory storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Thoma
- Department of Psychiatry, 1 University of New Mexico, MSC 09 5030, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA,Mind Research Network and the Lovelace Family of Companies, 1101 Yale NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA,Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Poone Haghani-Tehrani
- Department of Psychiatry, 1 University of New Mexico, MSC 09 5030, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Jessica Turner
- Mind Research Network and the Lovelace Family of Companies, 1101 Yale NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA,Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Rose Bigelow
- Department of Psychiatry, 1 University of New Mexico, MSC 09 5030, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Jeffrey D. Lewine
- Mind Research Network and the Lovelace Family of Companies, 1101 Yale NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Vincent P. Clark
- Mind Research Network and the Lovelace Family of Companies, 1101 Yale NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA,Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA,Psychology Clinical Neuroscience Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Ronald A. Yeo
- Mind Research Network and the Lovelace Family of Companies, 1101 Yale NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA,Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Julia Stephen
- Mind Research Network and the Lovelace Family of Companies, 1101 Yale NE, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Julia Stephen
- Mind Research Network, 1101 Yale NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; The Lovelace Family of Companies, 1101 Yale NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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20
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Takahashi T, Higuchi Y, Komori Y, Nishiyama S, Takayanagi Y, Sasabayashi D, Kido M, Furuichi A, Nishikawa Y, Nakamura M, Noguchi K, Suzuki M. Pituitary Volume and Socio-Cognitive Functions in Individuals at Risk of Psychosis and Patients With Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:574. [PMID: 30473669 PMCID: PMC6237858 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Increased pituitary volume, which probably reflects hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) hyperactivity, has been reported in patients with schizophrenia and individuals at risk of psychosis. On the basis of potential role of abnormal HPA axis function on cognitive impairments in psychosis, we aimed to examine possible relations between the pituitary volume and socio-cognitive impairments in these subjects. Methods: This magnetic resonance imaging study examined the pituitary gland volume in 38 subjects with at-risk mental state (ARMS) [of whom 4 (10.5%) exhibited the transition to schizophrenia], 63 patients with schizophrenia, and 61 healthy controls. Social and cognitive functions of the ARMS and schizophrenia groups were assessed using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS), the Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS), and the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS). Results: Both the ARMS and schizophrenia groups had a significantly larger pituitary volume compared to controls. In the schizophrenia group, the pituitary volume was negatively associated with the BACS working memory score. No association was found between the pituitary volume and clinical variables (medication, symptom severity) in either clinical group. Conclusion: Our findings support the notion of common HPA hyperactivity in the ARMS and schizophrenia groups, but abnormal HPA axis function may contribute differently to cognitive deficits according to the illness stages of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Takahashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuko Higuchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuko Komori
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Shimako Nishiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Takayanagi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Daiki Sasabayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mikio Kido
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Furuichi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nishikawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Mihoko Nakamura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Kyo Noguchi
- Department of Radiology, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toyama, Japan
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21
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Kenney JPM, McPhilemy G, Scanlon C, Najt P, McInerney S, Arndt S, Scherz E, Byrne F, Leemans A, Jeurissen B, Hallahan B, McDonald C, Cannon DM. The Arcuate Fasciculus Network and Verbal Deficits in Psychosis. Transl Neurosci 2017; 8:117-126. [PMID: 29662701 PMCID: PMC5898602 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2017-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Verbal learning (VL) and fluency (VF) are prominent cognitive deficits in psychosis, of which the precise neuroanatomical contributions are not fully understood. We investigated the arcuate fasciculus (AF) and its associated cortical regions to identify structural abnormalities contributing to these verbal impairments in early stages of psychotic illness. Methods Twenty-six individuals with recent-onset psychosis and 27 healthy controls underwent cognitive testing (MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery) and structural/diffusion-weighted MRI. Bilaterally, AF anisotropy and cortical thickness, surface area and volume of seven cortical regions were investigated in relation to VL and VF performance in both groups. Results Reduced right superior temporal gyrus surface area and volume related to better VF in controls. In psychosis, greater right pars opercularis volume and reduced left lateralization of this region related to better VL, while greater right long AF fractional anisotropy and right pars orbitalis volume related to better VF, these findings not present in controls. Psychosis had reduced right pars orbitalis thickness compared to controls. Conclusion Anatomical substrates for normal processing of VL and VF appear altered in recent-onset psychosis. A possible aberrant role of the right hemisphere arcuate fasciculus and fronto-temporal cortical regions in psychosis may contribute to deficits in VL and VF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne P M Kenney
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Genevieve McPhilemy
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Cathy Scanlon
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Pablo Najt
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Shane McInerney
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland.,Departments of Psychiatry, St Michaels Hospital & University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sophia Arndt
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Elisabeth Scherz
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Fintan Byrne
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Alexander Leemans
- Images Sciences Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Jeurissen
- iMinds-Vision Lab, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Brian Hallahan
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Colm McDonald
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Dara M Cannon
- Centre for Neuroimaging & Cognitive Genomics (NICOG), Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, NCBES Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine Nursing and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33, Galway, Ireland
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22
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Jenkins LM, Bodapati AS, Sharma RP, Rosen C. Working memory predicts presence of auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2017; 40:84-94. [PMID: 28562181 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2017.1321106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The recent dramatic increase in research investigating auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) has broadened the former narrow focus on schizophrenia to incorporate additional populations that experience these symptoms. However, an understanding of potential shared mechanisms remains elusive. Based on theories suggesting a failure of top-down cognitive control, we aimed to compare the relationship between AVHs and cognition in two categorical diagnoses of psychosis, schizophrenia and psychotic bipolar disorder. METHOD A total of 124 adults aged 21-60 participated, of whom 76 had present-state psychosis (schizophrenia, n = 53; bipolar disorder with psychosis, n = 23), and 48 were non-clinical controls. Diagnosis and hallucination presence was determined using the Structured Clinical Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV TR. AVHs severity was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Participants also completed the MATRICS cognitive battery. RESULTS The bipolar disorder with psychosis group performed better than the schizophrenia group for cognitive domains of Processing speed, Attention, Working memory (WM), and Visual memory. Hierarchical binary logistic regression found that WM significantly predicted presence of AVHs in both psychotic groups, but diagnosis did not significantly increase the predictive value of the model. A hierarchical multiple linear regression found that schizophrenia diagnosis was the only significant predictor of hallucination severity. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study-the first, to our knowledge, to compare the relationship between AVHs and MATRICS domains across schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with psychosis-support theories that deficits in WM underly the genesis of AVHs. WM potentially represents a shared mechanism of AVHs across diagnoses, supporting dimensional classifications of these psychotic disorders. However, non-cognitive factors predictive of hallucination severity may be specific to schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne M Jenkins
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Anjuli S Bodapati
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Rajiv P Sharma
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA.,b Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - Cherise Rosen
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , IL , USA
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23
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Siddi S, Petretto DR, Burrai C, Scanu R, Baita A, Trincas P, Trogu E, Campus L, Contu A, Preti A. The role of set-shifting in auditory verbal hallucinations. Compr Psychiatry 2017; 74:162-172. [PMID: 28167329 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) are a cardinal characteristic of psychosis. Recent research on the neuropsychological mechanism of AVHs has focused on source monitoring failure, but a few studies have suggested the involvement of attention, working memory, processing speed, verbal learning, memory, and executive functions. In this study we examined the neuropsychological profile of patients with AVHs, assuming that the mechanism underlying this symptom could be a dysfunction of specific cognitive domains. METHODS A large neuropsychological battery including set-shifting, working memory, processing speed, attention, fluency, verbal learning and memory, and executive functions was administered to 90 patients with psychotic disorders and 44 healthy controls. The group of patients was divided into two groups: 46 patients with AVHs in the current episode and 44 who denied auditory hallucinations or other modalities in the current episode. AVHs were assessed with the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales (PSYRATS); the Launay-Slade Hallucination Scale was used to measure long-term propensity to auditory verbal hallucination-like experiences (HLEs) in the sample. RESULTS Patients showed poorer performances on all neuropsychological measures compared to the healthy controls' group. In the original dataset without missing data (n=58), patients with AVHs (n=29) presented poorer set shifting and verbal learning, higher levels of visual attention, and marginally significant poorer semantic fluency compared to patients without AVHs (n=29). In the logistic model on the multiple imputed dataset (n=90, 100 imputed datasets), lower capacity of set shifting and semantic fluency distinguished patients with AVHs from those without them. CONCLUSIONS Patients experiencing persistent AVHs might fail to shift their attention away from the voices; poorer semantic fluency could be a secondary deficit of set-shifting failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Siddi
- Section of Clinical Psychology, Department of Education, Psychology, and Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Italy; Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Donatella Rita Petretto
- Section of Clinical Psychology, Department of Education, Psychology, and Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Caterina Burrai
- Psychiatric Diagnosis and Treatment Service I, Department of Mental Health, ASL Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rosanna Scanu
- Section of Clinical Psychology, Department of Education, Psychology, and Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonella Baita
- Psychiatric Diagnosis and Treatment Service I, Department of Mental Health, ASL Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pierfranco Trincas
- Psychiatric Diagnosis and Treatment Service II, Department of Mental Health, ASL Cagliari, Cagliary, Italy
| | - Emanuela Trogu
- Psychiatric Diagnosis and Treatment Service II, Department of Mental Health, ASL Cagliari, Cagliary, Italy
| | - Liliana Campus
- Psychiatric Diagnosis and Treatment Service I, Department of Mental Health, ASL Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Augusto Contu
- Head, Department of Mental Health, ASL Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Antonio Preti
- Section of Clinical Psychology, Department of Education, Psychology, and Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Italy; Genneruxi Medical Center, Cagliari, Italy
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Zhuo C, Zhu J, Qin W, Qu H, Ma X, Yu C. Cerebral blood flow alterations specific to auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 2017; 210:209-215. [PMID: 28104737 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.115.174961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundAuditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) have been associated with deficits in auditory and speech-related networks. However, the resting-state cerebral blood flow (CBF) alterations specific to AVHs in schizophrenia remain unknown.AimsTo explore AVH-related CBF alterations in individuals with schizophrenia.MethodIn total, 35 individuals with schizophrenia with AVHs, 41 individuals with schizophrenia without AVHs and 50 controls underwent arterial spin labelling magnetic resonance imaging. The CBF differences were voxel-wise compared across the three groups.ResultsWe found AVH-specific CBF increase in the right superior temporal gyrus and caudate, and AVH-specific CBF decrease in the bilateral occipital and left parietal cortices. We also observed consistent CBF changes in both schizophrenia subgroups (i.e. those with and without AVHs) including decreased CBF in the bilateral occipital regions, the left lateral prefrontal and insular cortices, and the right anterior cingulate cortex and increased CBF in the bilateral lateral temporal regions and putamen, the left middle cingulate cortex and the right thalamus.ConclusionsThe AVH-specific CBF increases in the auditory and striatal areas and CBF reductions in the visual and parietal areas suggest that there exists a CBF redistribution associated with AVHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjun Zhuo
- Chuanjun Zhuo, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, and Department of Psychiatry Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin; Jiajia Zhu, MD, Wen Qin, MD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China; Hongru Qu, MD, Xiaolei Ma, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Tianjin Anning Hospital, Tianjin, China; Chunshui Yu, MD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Chuanjun Zhuo, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, and Department of Psychiatry Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin; Jiajia Zhu, MD, Wen Qin, MD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China; Hongru Qu, MD, Xiaolei Ma, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Tianjin Anning Hospital, Tianjin, China; Chunshui Yu, MD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Chuanjun Zhuo, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, and Department of Psychiatry Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin; Jiajia Zhu, MD, Wen Qin, MD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China; Hongru Qu, MD, Xiaolei Ma, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Tianjin Anning Hospital, Tianjin, China; Chunshui Yu, MD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongru Qu
- Chuanjun Zhuo, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, and Department of Psychiatry Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin; Jiajia Zhu, MD, Wen Qin, MD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China; Hongru Qu, MD, Xiaolei Ma, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Tianjin Anning Hospital, Tianjin, China; Chunshui Yu, MD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaolei Ma
- Chuanjun Zhuo, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, and Department of Psychiatry Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin; Jiajia Zhu, MD, Wen Qin, MD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China; Hongru Qu, MD, Xiaolei Ma, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Tianjin Anning Hospital, Tianjin, China; Chunshui Yu, MD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunshui Yu
- Chuanjun Zhuo, MD, PhD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, and Department of Psychiatry Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin; Jiajia Zhu, MD, Wen Qin, MD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, China; Hongru Qu, MD, Xiaolei Ma, MD, Department of Psychiatry, Tianjin Anning Hospital, Tianjin, China; Chunshui Yu, MD, Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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25
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Zhang R, Picchioni M, Allen P, Toulopoulou T. Working Memory in Unaffected Relatives of Patients With Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies. Schizophr Bull 2016; 42:1068-77. [PMID: 26738528 PMCID: PMC4903055 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbv221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Working memory deficits, a core cognitive feature of schizophrenia may arise from dysfunction in the frontal and parietal cortices. Numerous studies have also found abnormal neural activation during working memory tasks in patients' unaffected relatives. The aim of this study was to systematically identify and anatomically localize the evidence for those activation differences across all eligible studies. Fifteen functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) manuscripts, containing 16 samples of 289 unaffected relatives of patients with schizophrenia, and 358 healthy controls were identified that met our inclusion criteria: (1) used a working memory task; and (2) reported standard space coordinates. Activation likelihood estimation (ALE) identified convergence across studies. Compared to healthy controls, patients' unaffected relatives showed decreases in neural activation in the right middle frontal gyrus (BA9), as well as right inferior frontal gyrus (BA44). Increased activation was seen in relatives in the right frontopolar (BA10), left inferior parietal lobe (BA40), and thalamus bilaterally. These results suggest that the familial risk of schizophrenia is expressed in changes in neural activation in the unaffected relatives in the cortical-subcortical working memory network that includes, but is not restricted to the middle prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibin Zhang
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Marco Picchioni
- St Andrew’s Academic Department, Northampton, UK;,Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK
| | - Paul Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, UK;,Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Timothea Toulopoulou
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Psychology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, The Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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26
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Løberg EM, Jørgensen HA, Kroken RA, Johnsen E. Auditory verbal hallucinations reflect stable auditory attention deficits: a prospective study. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2015; 20:81-94. [PMID: 25384552 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2014.977857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have shown that auditory verbal hallucinations (AVHs) in psychosis are associated with reduced verbal auditory attention. Whether this is an effect of ongoing AVH or reflects a more stable cognitive vulnerability also present after treating the AVH is unknown. The aim of this study was to follow patients with acute psychosis with and without AVH, and to test their auditory attention in a more stabilised clinical phase. METHODS Fifty patients (35 males and 15 females) were examined when admitted to an acute psychiatry ward and tested three months later with a dichotic listening test with attention instructions. The patients were divided into a frequent (n = 33) and non-frequent (n = 17) AVH group based on their score on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale item hallucinatory behaviour (≥4 and ≤3, respectively) at baseline. RESULTS A significant interaction emerged between AVH group and attention instruction condition; the frequent AVH group failed to control their auditory attention as opposed to the non-frequent AVH group. CONCLUSIONS Patients with frequent AVH in an acute psychotic state showed impaired auditory attention three months after their AVH had been treated, indicating a stable cognitive vulnerability factor for experiencing AVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Else-Marie Løberg
- a Division of Psychiatry , Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen , Norway
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