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Hamilton HK, Mathalon DH, Ford JM. P300 in schizophrenia: Then and now. Biol Psychol 2024; 187:108757. [PMID: 38316196 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The 1965 discovery of the P300 component of the electroencephalography (EEG)-based event-related potential (ERP), along with the subsequent identification of its alteration in people with schizophrenia, initiated over 50 years of P300 research in schizophrenia. Here, we review what we now know about P300 in schizophrenia after nearly six decades of research. We describe recent efforts to expand our understanding of P300 beyond its sensitivity to schizophrenia itself to its potential role as a biomarker of risk for psychosis or a heritable endophenotype that bridges genetic risk and psychosis phenomenology. We also highlight efforts to move beyond a syndrome-based approach to understand P300 within the context of the clinical, cognitive, and presumed pathophysiological heterogeneity among people diagnosed with schizophrenia. Finally, we describe several recent approaches that extend beyond measuring the traditional P300 ERP component in people with schizophrenia, including time-frequency analyses and pharmacological challenge studies, that may help to clarify specific cognitive mechanisms that are disrupted in schizophrenia. Moreover, we discuss several promising areas for future research, including studies of animal models that can be used for treatment development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly K Hamilton
- University of Minnesota, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Minneapolis, MN, USA; Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA; University of California, San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Judith M Ford
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
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2
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Zhang Y, Yang T, He Y, Meng F, Zhang K, Jin X, Cui X, Luo X. Value of P300 amplitude in the diagnosis of untreated first-episode schizophrenia and psychosis risk syndrome in children and adolescents. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:743. [PMID: 37828471 PMCID: PMC10571359 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05218-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the characteristic neurobiological changes of early psychosis is helpful for early clinical diagnosis. However, previous studies on the brain electrophysiology of children and adolescents with psychosis are rare. METHODS This study compared P300 amplitude at multiple electrodes between children and adolescents with first-episode schizophrenia (FES, n = 48), children and adolescents with psychosis risk syndrome (PRS, n = 24), and healthy controls (HC, n = 30). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to test the ability of P300 amplitude to distinguish FES, PRS and HC individuals. RESULTS The P300 amplitude in the FES group were significantly lower than those in the HC at the Cz, Pz, and Oz electrodes. The P300 amplitude was also significantly lower in the prodromal group than in the HC at the Pz and Oz electrodes. ROC curve analysis showed that at the Pz electrode, the P300 amplitude evoked by the target and standard stimulus showed high sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve value for distinguishing FES from HC individuals. CONCLUSIONS This study found early visual P300 deficits in children and adolescents with FES and PRS, with the exclusion of possible influence of medication and chronic medical conditions, suggesting the value of P300 amplitude for the identification of early psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Tingyu Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yuqiong He
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Fanchao Meng
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xingyue Jin
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xilong Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
| | - Xuerong Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, and National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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Deng J, Chen S, Ou Y, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Shen Y, Ye Y. Auditory P300 in individuals with high schizotypy: associations of schizotypal traits with amplitude and latency under different oddball conditions. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1107858. [PMID: 37275344 PMCID: PMC10232759 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1107858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of auditory P300 between non-clinical individuals with high and low schizotypal traits, and investigate the relationship between schizotypy and P300 under various oddball conditions. Methods An extreme-group design was adopted. After screening 1,519 young adults using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), sixty-three participants were chosen and divided into two groups (schizotypy group: 31 participants; control group: 32 participants). Basic demographic information was assessed and matched between groups. Depression and anxiety indexes were evaluated and controlled. The P300 component was evoked by an auditory oddball paradigm with different frequencies and durations. Results (1) The duration P300 amplitude at PZ site was significantly weaker in the schizotypy group than in the control group [F(1,54) = 7.455, p = 0.009, ηp2 = 0.121]. (2) In the schizotypy group, the latency of frequency P300 at PZ site under large-variant oddball condition was significantly correlated with total SPQ scores (rp = 0.451, p = 0.018) and disorganized dimension scores (rp = 0.381, p = 0.050). (3) In the control group, significantly negative correlations was found between the negative dimension score of SPQ and the frequency P300 amplitudes under small variant condition (PZ: rp = -0.393, p = 0.043; CPZ: rp = -0.406, p = 0.035). In addition, a significant negative relationship was found between disorganized dimension scores and the duration P300 latency at CPZ site under large-variant oddball condition (rp = -0.518, p = 0.006). Moreover, a significant negative association was found between the duration P300 amplitude at CPZ site under small-variant oddball condition and negative factor scores (rp = -0.410, p = 0.034). Conclusion Individuals with high schizotypal traits were likely to have deficient attention and hypoactive working memory for processing auditory information, especially the duration of sounds. P300 effects were correlated with negative and disorganized schizotypy, rather than positive schizotypy. There were diverse patterns of relationship between schizotypal traits and P300 under different oddball conditions, suggesting that characteristics and parameters of target stimuli should be considered cautiously when implementing an auditory oddball paradigm for individuals with schizophrenia spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Deng
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Abnormal Psychology Laboratory, Department of Penalty Execution, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuanhua Ou
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Abnormal Psychology Laboratory, Department of Penalty Execution, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuanjun Zhang
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ziyue Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yane Shen
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiduo Ye
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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van der Merwe J, Biagio-de Jager L, Mahomed-Asmail F, Hall JW. Documentation of Peripheral Auditory Function in Studies of the Auditory P300 Response. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. A critical review was conducted to examine whether the peripheral hearing status of participants with neurological and psychological disorders was documented in published clinical studies of the auditory P300 response. Literature searches were conducted with three databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Studies of participants with seven neurological or psychological disorders were included in the study. Each disorder was coupled with the main search phrase in separate searches on each database. Of the total 102 papers which met the inclusion criteria, the majority (64%) did not describe the peripheral hearing sensitivity of participants. In this review with studies that included participants at risk for hearing impairment, particularly age-related hearing loss, only a single publication adequately described formal hearing evaluation. Peripheral hearing status is rarely defined in studies of the P300 response. The inclusion of participants with a hearing loss likely affects the validity of findings for these studies. We recommend formal hearing assessment prior to inclusion of participants in studies of the auditory P300 response. The findings of this study may increase the awareness among researchers outside the field of audiology of the effects of peripheral hearing loss on the auditory P300.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janushca van der Merwe
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Leigh Biagio-de Jager
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Faheema Mahomed-Asmail
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
- Virtual Hearing Lab, Collaborative Initiative between University of Colorado and the University of Pretoria, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James W. Hall
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
- George Osborne College of Audiology, Salus University, Elkins Park, PA, USA
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Wang B, Zartaloudi E, Linden JF, Bramon E. Neurophysiology in psychosis: The quest for disease biomarkers. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:100. [PMID: 35277479 PMCID: PMC8917164 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01860-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychotic disorders affect 3% of the population at some stage in life, are a leading cause of disability, and impose a great economic burden on society. Major breakthroughs in the genetics of psychosis have not yet been matched by an understanding of its neurobiology. Biomarkers of perception and cognition obtained through non-invasive neurophysiological tools, especially EEG, offer a unique opportunity to gain mechanistic insights. Techniques for measuring neurophysiological markers are inexpensive and ubiquitous, thus having the potential as an accessible tool for patient stratification towards early treatments leading to better outcomes. In this paper, we review the literature on neurophysiological markers for psychosis and their relevant disease mechanisms, mainly covering event-related potentials including P50/N100 sensory gating, mismatch negativity, and the N100 and P300 waveforms. While several neurophysiological deficits are well established in patients with psychosis, more research is needed to study neurophysiological markers in their unaffected relatives and individuals at clinical high risk. We need to harness EEG to investigate markers of disease risk as key steps to elucidate the aetiology of psychosis and facilitate earlier detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihan Wang
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Eirini Zartaloudi
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Trials and Methodology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Jennifer F Linden
- Ear Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Elvira Bramon
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, UK
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Clementz BA, Parker DA, Trotti RL, McDowell JE, Keedy SK, Keshavan MS, Pearlson GD, Gershon ES, Ivleva EI, Huang LY, Hill SK, Sweeney JA, Thomas O, Hudgens-Haney M, Gibbons RD, Tamminga CA. Psychosis Biotypes: Replication and Validation from the B-SNIP Consortium. Schizophr Bull 2022; 48:56-68. [PMID: 34409449 PMCID: PMC8781330 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Current clinical phenomenological diagnosis in psychiatry neither captures biologically homologous disease entities nor allows for individualized treatment prescriptions based on neurobiology. In this report, we studied two large samples of cases with schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and bipolar I disorder with psychosis, presentations with clinical features of hallucinations, delusions, thought disorder, affective, or negative symptoms. A biomarker approach to subtyping psychosis cases (called psychosis Biotypes) captured neurobiological homology that was missed by conventional clinical diagnoses. Two samples (called "B-SNIP1" with 711 psychosis and 274 healthy persons, and the "replication sample" with 717 psychosis and 198 healthy persons) showed that 44 individual biomarkers, drawn from general cognition (BACS), motor inhibitory (stop signal), saccadic system (pro- and anti-saccades), and auditory EEG/ERP (paired-stimuli and oddball) tasks of psychosis-relevant brain functions were replicable (r's from .96-.99) and temporally stable (r's from .76-.95). Using numerical taxonomy (k-means clustering) with nine groups of integrated biomarker characteristics (called bio-factors) yielded three Biotypes that were virtually identical between the two samples and showed highly similar case assignments to subgroups based on cross-validations (88.5%-89%). Biotypes-1 and -2 shared poor cognition. Biotype-1 was further characterized by low neural response magnitudes, while Biotype-2 was further characterized by overactive neural responses and poor sensory motor inhibition. Biotype-3 was nearly normal on all bio-factors. Construct validation of Biotype EEG/ERP neurophysiology using measures of intrinsic neural activity and auditory steady state stimulation highlighted the robustness of these outcomes. Psychosis Biotypes may yield meaningful neurobiological targets for treatments and etiological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Clementz
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - David A Parker
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Rebekah L Trotti
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer E McDowell
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Sarah K Keedy
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Godfrey D Pearlson
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Institute of Living, Hartford Healthcare Corp, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Elliot S Gershon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elena I Ivleva
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ling-Yu Huang
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - S Kristian Hill
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - John A Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Olivia Thomas
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, BioImaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Robert D Gibbons
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Giordano GM, Giuliani L, Perrottelli A, Bucci P, Di Lorenzo G, Siracusano A, Brando F, Pezzella P, Fabrazzo M, Altamura M, Bellomo A, Cascino G, Comparelli A, Monteleone P, Pompili M, Galderisi S, Maj M. Mismatch Negativity and P3a Impairment through Different Phases of Schizophrenia and Their Association with Real-Life Functioning. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5838. [PMID: 34945138 PMCID: PMC8707866 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Impairment in functioning since the onset of psychosis and further deterioration over time is a key aspect of subjects with schizophrenia (SCZ). Mismatch negativity (MMN) and P3a, indices of early attention processing that are often impaired in schizophrenia, might represent optimal electrophysiological candidate biomarkers of illness progression and poor outcome. However, contrasting findings are reported about the relationships between MMN-P3a and functioning. The study aimed to investigate in SCZ the influence of illness duration on MMN-P3a and the relationship of MMN-P3a with functioning. Pitch (p) and duration (d) MMN-P3a were investigated in 117 SCZ and 61 healthy controls (HCs). SCZ were divided into four illness duration groups: ≤ 5, 6 to 13, 14 to 18, and 19 to 32 years. p-MMN and d-MMN amplitude was reduced in SCZ compared to HCs, independently from illness duration, psychopathology, and neurocognitive deficits. p-MMN reduction was associated with lower "Work skills". The p-P3a amplitude was reduced in the SCZ group with longest illness duration compared to HCs. No relationship between P3a and functioning was found. Our results suggested that MMN amplitude reduction might represent a biomarker of poor functioning in SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia M. Giordano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.P.); (P.B.); (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.F.); (S.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Luigi Giuliani
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.P.); (P.B.); (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.F.); (S.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Andrea Perrottelli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.P.); (P.B.); (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.F.); (S.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Paola Bucci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.P.); (P.B.); (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.F.); (S.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Giorgio Di Lorenzo
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.D.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy; (G.D.L.); (A.S.)
| | - Francesco Brando
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.P.); (P.B.); (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.F.); (S.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Pasquale Pezzella
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.P.); (P.B.); (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.F.); (S.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Michele Fabrazzo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.P.); (P.B.); (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.F.); (S.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Mario Altamura
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonello Bellomo
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (M.A.); (A.B.)
| | - Giammarco Cascino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Section of Neurosciences, University of Salerno, 84133 Salerno, Italy; (G.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Anna Comparelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00189 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Palmiero Monteleone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Section of Neurosciences, University of Salerno, 84133 Salerno, Italy; (G.C.); (P.M.)
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, S. Andrea Hospital, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, 00189 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.P.)
| | - Silvana Galderisi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.P.); (P.B.); (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.F.); (S.G.); (M.M.)
| | - Mario Maj
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (L.G.); (A.P.); (P.B.); (F.B.); (P.P.); (M.F.); (S.G.); (M.M.)
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Castiajo P, Pinheiro AP. Attention to voices is increased in non-clinical auditory verbal hallucinations irrespective of salience. Neuropsychologia 2021; 162:108030. [PMID: 34563552 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in the processing of vocal emotions have been associated with both clinical and non-clinical auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH), suggesting that changes in the mechanisms underpinning voice perception contribute to AVH. These alterations seem to be more pronounced in psychotic patients with AVH when attention demands increase. However, it remains to be clarified how attention modulates the processing of vocal emotions in individuals without clinical diagnoses who report hearing voices but no related distress. Using an active auditory oddball task, the current study clarified how emotion and attention interact during voice processing as a function of AVH proneness, and examined the contributions of stimulus valence and intensity. Participants with vs. without non-clinical AVH were presented with target vocalizations differing in valence (neutral; positive; negative) and intensity (55 decibels (dB); 75 dB). The P3b amplitude was larger in response to louder (vs. softer) vocal targets irrespective of valence, and in response to negative (vs. neutral) vocal targets irrespective of intensity. Of note, the P3b amplitude was globally increased in response to vocal targets in participants reporting AVH, and failed to be modulated by valence and intensity in these participants. These findings suggest enhanced voluntary attention to changes in vocal expressions but reduced discrimination of salient and non-salient cues. A decreased sensitivity to salience cues of vocalizations could contribute to increased cognitive control demands, setting the stage for an AVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Castiajo
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, CIPsi, School of Psychology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Ana P Pinheiro
- Faculdade de Psicologia, CICPSI, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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9
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Parker DA, Trotti RL, McDowell JE, Keedy SK, Hill SK, Gershon ES, Ivleva EI, Pearlson GD, Keshavan MS, Tamminga CA, Clementz BA. Auditory Oddball Responses Across the Schizophrenia-Bipolar Spectrum and Their Relationship to Cognitive and Clinical Features. Am J Psychiatry 2021; 178:952-964. [PMID: 34407624 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2021.20071043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neural activations during auditory oddball tasks may be endophenotypes for psychosis and bipolar disorder. The authors investigated oddball neural deviations that discriminate multiple diagnostic groups across the schizophrenia-bipolar spectrum (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, psychotic bipolar disorder, and nonpsychotic bipolar disorder) and clarified their relationship to clinical and cognitive features. METHODS Auditory oddball responses to standard and target tones from 64 sensor EEG recordings were compared across patients with psychosis (total N=597; schizophrenia, N=225; schizoaffective disorder, N=201; bipolar disorder with psychosis, N=171), patients with bipolar disorder without psychosis (N=66), and healthy comparison subjects (N=415) from the second iteration of the Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network for Intermediate Phenotypes (B-SNIP2) study. EEG activity was analyzed in voltage and in the time-frequency domain (low, beta, and gamma bands). Event-related potentials (ERPs) were compared with those from an independent sample collected during the first iteration of B-SNIP (B-SNIP1; healthy subjects, N=211; psychosis group, N=526) to establish the repeatability of complex oddball ERPs across multiple psychosis syndromes (r values >0.94 between B-SNIP1 and B-SNIP2). RESULTS Twenty-six EEG features differentiated the groups; they were used in discriminant and correlational analyses. EEG variables from the N100, P300, and low-frequency ranges separated the groups along a diagnostic continuum from healthy to bipolar disorder with psychosis/bipolar disorder without psychosis to schizoaffective disorder/schizophrenia and were strongly related to general cognitive function (r=0.91). P50 responses to standard trials and early beta/gamma frequency responses separated the bipolar disorder without psychosis group from the bipolar disorder with psychosis group. P200, N200, and late beta/gamma frequency responses separated the two bipolar disorder groups from the other groups. CONCLUSIONS Neural deviations during auditory processing are related to psychosis history and bipolar disorder. There is a powerful transdiagnostic relationship between severity of these neural deviations and general cognitive performance. These results have implications for understanding the neurobiology of clinical syndromes across the schizophrenia-bipolar spectrum that may have an impact on future biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Parker
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens (Parker, Trotti, McDowell, Clementz); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago (Keedy, Gershon); Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago (Hill); Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (Ivleva, Tamminga); Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Pearlson); Olin Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Healthcare Corporation, Hartford, Conn. (Pearlson); and Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Mass. (Keshavan)
| | - Rebekah L Trotti
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens (Parker, Trotti, McDowell, Clementz); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago (Keedy, Gershon); Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago (Hill); Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (Ivleva, Tamminga); Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Pearlson); Olin Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Healthcare Corporation, Hartford, Conn. (Pearlson); and Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Mass. (Keshavan)
| | - Jennifer E McDowell
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens (Parker, Trotti, McDowell, Clementz); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago (Keedy, Gershon); Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago (Hill); Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (Ivleva, Tamminga); Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Pearlson); Olin Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Healthcare Corporation, Hartford, Conn. (Pearlson); and Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Mass. (Keshavan)
| | - Sarah K Keedy
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens (Parker, Trotti, McDowell, Clementz); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago (Keedy, Gershon); Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago (Hill); Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (Ivleva, Tamminga); Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Pearlson); Olin Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Healthcare Corporation, Hartford, Conn. (Pearlson); and Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Mass. (Keshavan)
| | - S Kristian Hill
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens (Parker, Trotti, McDowell, Clementz); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago (Keedy, Gershon); Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago (Hill); Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (Ivleva, Tamminga); Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Pearlson); Olin Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Healthcare Corporation, Hartford, Conn. (Pearlson); and Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Mass. (Keshavan)
| | - Elliot S Gershon
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens (Parker, Trotti, McDowell, Clementz); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago (Keedy, Gershon); Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago (Hill); Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (Ivleva, Tamminga); Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Pearlson); Olin Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Healthcare Corporation, Hartford, Conn. (Pearlson); and Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Mass. (Keshavan)
| | - Elena I Ivleva
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens (Parker, Trotti, McDowell, Clementz); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago (Keedy, Gershon); Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago (Hill); Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (Ivleva, Tamminga); Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Pearlson); Olin Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Healthcare Corporation, Hartford, Conn. (Pearlson); and Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Mass. (Keshavan)
| | - Godfrey D Pearlson
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens (Parker, Trotti, McDowell, Clementz); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago (Keedy, Gershon); Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago (Hill); Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (Ivleva, Tamminga); Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Pearlson); Olin Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Healthcare Corporation, Hartford, Conn. (Pearlson); and Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Mass. (Keshavan)
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens (Parker, Trotti, McDowell, Clementz); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago (Keedy, Gershon); Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago (Hill); Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (Ivleva, Tamminga); Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Pearlson); Olin Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Healthcare Corporation, Hartford, Conn. (Pearlson); and Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Mass. (Keshavan)
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens (Parker, Trotti, McDowell, Clementz); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago (Keedy, Gershon); Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago (Hill); Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (Ivleva, Tamminga); Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Pearlson); Olin Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Healthcare Corporation, Hartford, Conn. (Pearlson); and Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Mass. (Keshavan)
| | - Brett A Clementz
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens (Parker, Trotti, McDowell, Clementz); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago (Keedy, Gershon); Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago (Hill); Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (Ivleva, Tamminga); Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Pearlson); Olin Center, Institute of Living, Hartford Healthcare Corporation, Hartford, Conn. (Pearlson); and Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Mass. (Keshavan)
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10
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Foti D, Perlman G, Bromet EJ, Harvey PD, Hajcak G, Mathalon DH, Kotov R. Pathways from performance monitoring to negative symptoms and functional outcomes in psychotic disorders. Psychol Med 2021; 51:2012-2022. [PMID: 32317045 PMCID: PMC10769507 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720000768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Performance monitoring entails rapid error detection to maintain task performance. Impaired performance monitoring is a candidate pathophysiological process in psychotic disorders, which may explain the broader deficit in executive function and its known associations with negative symptoms and poor functioning. The current study models cross-sectional pathways bridging neurophysiological measures of performance monitoring with executive function, symptoms, and functioning. METHODS Data were from the 20-year assessment of the Suffolk County Mental Health Project. Individuals with psychotic disorders (N = 181) were originally recruited from inpatient psychiatric facilities. Data were also collected from a geographically and demographically matched group with no psychosis history (N = 242). Neural measures were the error-related negativity (ERN) and error positivity (Pe). Structural equation modeling tested mediation pathways. RESULTS Blunted ERN and Pe in the clinical cohort related to impaired executive function (r = 0.26-0.35), negative symptom severity (r = 0.17-0.25), and poor real-world functioning (r = 0.17-0.19). Associations with executive function were consistent across groups. Multiple potential pathways were identified in the clinical cohort: reduced ERN to inexpressivity was mediated by executive function (β = 0.10); reduced Pe to global functioning was mediated by executive function and avolition (β = 0.10). CONCLUSIONS This supports a transdiagnostic model of psychotic disorders by which poor performance monitoring contributes to impaired executive function, which contributes to negative symptoms and poor real-world functioning. If supported by future longitudinal research, these pathways could inform the development of targeted interventions to address cognitive and functional deficits that are central to psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Foti
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Greg Perlman
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Evelyn J. Bromet
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | | | - Greg Hajcak
- Department of Psychology and Biomedical Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL
| | - Daniel H. Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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11
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Martin EA, Jonas KG, Lian W, Foti D, Donaldson KR, Bromet EJ, Kotov R. Predicting Long-Term Outcomes in First-Admission Psychosis: Does the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Aid DSM in Prognostication? Schizophr Bull 2021; 47:1331-1341. [PMID: 33890112 PMCID: PMC8379532 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is an empirical, dimensional model of psychological symptoms and functioning. Its goals are to augment the use and address the limitations of traditional diagnoses, such as arbitrary thresholds of severity, within-disorder heterogeneity, and low reliability. HiTOP has made inroads to addressing these problems, but its prognostic validity is uncertain. The present study sought to test the prediction of long-term outcomes in psychotic disorders was improved when the HiTOP dimensional approach was considered along with traditional (ie, DSM) diagnoses. We analyzed data from the Suffolk County Mental Health Project (N = 316), an epidemiologic study of a first-admission psychosis cohort followed for 20 years. We compared 5 diagnostic groups (schizophrenia/schizoaffective, bipolar disorder with psychosis, major depressive disorder with psychosis, substance-induced psychosis, and other psychoses) and 5 dimensions derived from the HiTOP thought disorder spectrum (reality distortion, disorganization, inexpressivity, avolition, and functional impairment). Both nosologies predicted a significant amount of variance in most outcomes. However, except for cognitive functioning, HiTOP showed consistently greater predictive power across outcomes-it explained 1.7-fold more variance than diagnoses in psychiatric and physical health outcomes, 2.1-fold more variance in community functioning, and 3.4-fold more variance in neural responses. Even when controlling for diagnosis, HiTOP dimensions incrementally predicted almost all outcomes. These findings support a shift away from the exclusive use of categorical diagnoses and toward the incorporation of HiTOP dimensions for better prognostication and linkage with neurobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Martin
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | | | - Wenxuan Lian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Applied Math and Statistics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Dan Foti
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | | | - Evelyn J Bromet
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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12
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Hamilton HK, Woods SW, Roach BJ, Llerena K, McGlashan TH, Srihari VH, Ford JM, Mathalon DH. Auditory and Visual Oddball Stimulus Processing Deficits in Schizophrenia and the Psychosis Risk Syndrome: Forecasting Psychosis Risk With P300. Schizophr Bull 2019; 45:1068-1080. [PMID: 30753731 PMCID: PMC6737543 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sby167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Identification of neurophysiological abnormalities associated with schizophrenia that predate and predict psychosis onset may improve clinical prediction in the psychosis risk syndrome (PRS) and help elucidate the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Amplitude reduction of the P300 event-related potential component reflects attention-mediated processing deficits and is among the most replicated biological findings in schizophrenia, making it a candidate biomarker of psychosis risk. The relative extent to which deficits in P300 amplitudes elicited by auditory and visual oddball stimuli precede psychosis onset during the PRS and predict transition to psychosis, however, remains unclear. Forty-three individuals meeting PRS criteria, 19 schizophrenia patients, and 43 healthy control (HC) participants completed baseline electroencephalography recording during separate auditory and visual oddball tasks. Two subcomponents of P300 were measured: P3b, elicited by infrequent target stimuli, and P3a, elicited by infrequent nontarget novel stimuli. Auditory and visual target P3b and novel P3a amplitudes were reduced in PRS and schizophrenia participants relative to HC participants. In addition, baseline auditory and visual target P3b, but not novel P3a, amplitudes were reduced in 15 PRS participants who later converted to psychosis, relative to 18 PRS non-converters who were followed for at least 22 months. Furthermore, target P3b amplitudes predicted time to psychosis onset among PRS participants. These results suggest that P300 amplitude deficits across auditory and visual modalities emerge early in the schizophrenia illness course and precede onset of full psychosis. Moreover, target P3b may represent an important neurophysiological vulnerability marker of the imminence of risk for psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly K Hamilton
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Scott W Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Brian J Roach
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA
- Northern California Institute for Research and Education, San Francisco, CA
| | - Katiah Llerena
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | - Judith M Ford
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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13
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Predicting prognosis in patients with first-episode psychosis using auditory P300: A 1-year follow-up study. Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 130:46-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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14
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Culbreth AJ, Foti D, Barch DM, Hajcak G, Kotov R. Electrocortical Responses to Emotional Stimuli in Psychotic Disorders: Comparing Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Affective Psychosis. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:586. [PMID: 30505284 PMCID: PMC6250820 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotion dysfunction has long been considered a cardinal feature across psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia and affective psychosis. However, few studies have used objective markers of emotional function to compare psychotic disorders to one another, and fewer studies have examined such markers within a longitudinal framework. Here, we examine one objective marker of emotional responsivity, the late positive potential (LPP), which is a centro-parietal event-related potential (ERP) that tracks the dynamic allocation of attention to emotional vs. neutral stimuli. We used the LPP to characterize abnormal emotional responsivity by relating it to negative, depressive, and psychotic symptoms among two clinical groups: individuals diagnosed with affective psychosis and individuals with schizophrenia. We also used a long-term longitudinal framework, examining concurrent associations between LPP amplitude and symptom severity, as well as prospective associations with symptoms 4 years later. Participants were 74 individuals with psychotic illness: 37 with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 37 with a primary affective disorder (psychotic bipolar disorder, psychotic depression). There were no mean-level differences in LPP amplitude between the schizophrenia spectrum and primary affective psychosis group. In the primary affective psychosis group, reduced LPP amplitude was associated with greater depressive, negative, and psychotic symptom severity, both concurrently and at follow-up; associations between LPP and symptoms were not observed within the schizophrenia spectrum group. This pattern of results suggests that the neural correlates of emotion dysfunction may differ across psychotic disorders. One possibility is that schizophrenia is characterized by a decoupling of symptom severity and emotional processing. Such findings underscore the importance of analyzing transdiagnostic samples to determine common or specific symptom relationships across various patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Culbreth
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Dan Foti
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Deanna M. Barch
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Washington University in Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Greg Hajcak
- Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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15
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Avissar M, Xie S, Vail B, Lopez-Calderon J, Wang Y, Javitt DC. Meta-analysis of mismatch negativity to simple versus complex deviants in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2018; 191:25-34. [PMID: 28709770 PMCID: PMC5745291 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mismatch negativity (MMN) deficits in schizophrenia (SCZ) have been studied extensively since the early 1990s, with the vast majority of studies using simple auditory oddball task deviants that vary in a single acoustic dimension such as pitch or duration. There has been a growing interest in using more complex deviants that violate more abstract rules to probe higher order cognitive deficits. It is still unclear how sensory processing deficits compare to and contribute to higher order cognitive dysfunction, which can be investigated with later attention-dependent auditory event-related potential (ERP) components such as a subcomponent of P300, P3b. In this meta-analysis, we compared MMN deficits in SCZ using simple deviants to more complex deviants. We also pooled studies that measured MMN and P3b in the same study sample and examined the relationship between MMN and P3b deficits within study samples. Our analysis reveals that, to date, studies using simple deviants demonstrate larger deficits than those using complex deviants, with effect sizes in the range of moderate to large. The difference in effect sizes between deviant types was reduced significantly when accounting for magnitude of MMN measured in healthy controls. P3b deficits, while large, were only modestly greater than MMN deficits (d=0.21). Taken together, our findings suggest that MMN to simple deviants may still be optimal as a biomarker for SCZ and that sensory processing dysfunction contributes significantly to MMN deficit and disease pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Avissar
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, United States.
| | - Shanghong Xie
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Blair Vail
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, United States
| | - Javier Lopez-Calderon
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, United States
| | - Yuanjia Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Daniel C Javitt
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, United States; Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, United States
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16
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Abstract
It has been surprisingly difficult to find associations between neural signatures of schizophrenia and the symptoms that define it. That is, many of the legacy components of the event-related potential (ERP)- P50, N100, P200, P300-are reduced in patients with schizophrenia, in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia, in schizophrenia patients early in their illness, and even in people at clinical high risk for schizophrenia. Nevertheless, these ERP components tend to be relatively insensitive to symptoms. This might be due to a number of reasons. First, this could reflect a lack of relationship, a failure to report disappointing findings, or a failure to test for relationships. Second, many ERP studies were not designed to be sensitive to symptoms or to the mechanisms that might underlie them. Third, assessing symptoms is sometimes dependent on the patients' ability to describe unfathomable experiences and the clinicians' ability to understand and interpret them. Fourth, medications and comorbidities may decouple the symptoms from the neurobiology. Finally, we must also consider the possibility that the schizophrenia diagnosis breeds truer than the symptoms it comprises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Ford
- 1 San Francisco Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.,2 University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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17
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Impaired error processing in late-phase psychosis: Four-year stability and relationships with negative symptoms. Schizophr Res 2016; 176:520-526. [PMID: 27234344 PMCID: PMC5026891 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Error processing is impaired in psychosis, and numerous event-related potential studies have found reductions in the error-related negativity (ERN) and, more recently, the error positivity (Pe). The stability of reduced ERN/Pe in psychosis, however, is unknown. In a previous cross-sectional report, reduced ERN was associated with negative symptom severity and reduced Pe with a diagnosis of schizophrenia versus other psychosis. Here, we test the stability of impaired error processing over a four-year follow-up and relationships with subdimensions of negative symptoms. The ERN and Pe were recorded from individuals with psychotic disorders twice: 79 individuals were assessed 15years after first hospitalization, and 69 were assessed at 19years; 59 (26 with schizophrenia, 33 with other psychotic disorders) had data at both assessments. At 19years the Pe was blunted in schizophrenia. The ERN and Pe exhibited temporal stability over the four years (r=0.59 and 0.60, respectively). Reduced ERN and Pe correlated with the negative symptom subdimensions of inexpressivity and avolition, respectively, and not with psychotic or disorganized symptoms. Moreover, 15-year ERN predicted an increase in inexpressivity by year 19. No evidence was found for the reverse: negative symptoms did not predict change in ERN/Pe. Similar to non-clinical samples, the ERN and Pe show impressive four-year stability in late-phase psychosis. The ERN and Pe are promising neural measures for capturing individual differences in psychotic disorders, particularly with regard to negative symptomatology. They may prove to be useful clinically for forecasting illness course and as treatment targets.
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18
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Devrim-Üçok M, Keskin-Ergen Y, Üçok A. Lack of progressive reduction in P3 amplitude after the first-episode of schizophrenia: A 6-year follow-up study. Psychiatry Res 2016; 243:303-11. [PMID: 27428084 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
P3 event-related potential may track the course of neurophysiological pathology in schizophrenia. Reduction in the amplitude of the auditory P3 is a widely replicated finding, already present at the first psychotic episode, in schizophrenia. Whether a progressive deficit is present in auditory P3 in schizophrenia over the course of illness is yet to be clarified. Previous longitudinal studies did not report any change in P3 over time in schizophrenia. However, these studies have been inconclusive, because of their relatively short follow-up periods, lack of follow-up data on controls, and assessment of patients already at the chronic stages of schizophrenia. Auditory P3 potentials, elicited by an oddball paradigm, were assessed in 14 patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 22 healthy controls at baseline and at the 6-year follow-up. P3 amplitudes were smaller in patients with first-episode schizophrenia than in controls. Importantly, over the 6-year interval, the P3 amplitudes were reduced in controls, but they did not change in patients. The lack of P3 reduction over time in patients with schizophrenia might be explained by the maximal reduction in P3 already at baseline or by the alleviation of P3 reduction over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Müge Devrim-Üçok
- (a)Department of Physiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Çapa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yasemin Keskin-Ergen
- (a)Department of Physiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Çapa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alp Üçok
- Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Çapa, Istanbul, Turkey
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19
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Abstract
Endophenotypes are quantitative, heritable traits that may help to elucidate the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying complex disease syndromes, such as schizophrenia. They can be assessed at numerous levels of analysis; here, we review electrophysiological endophenotypes that have shown promise in helping us understand schizophrenia from a more mechanistic point of view. For each endophenotype, we describe typical experimental procedures, reliability, heritability, and reported gene and neurobiological associations. We discuss recent findings regarding the genetic architecture of specific electrophysiological endophenotypes, as well as converging evidence from EEG studies implicating disrupted balance of glutamatergic signaling and GABAergic inhibition in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. We conclude that refining the measurement of electrophysiological endophenotypes, expanding genetic association studies, and integrating data sets are important next steps for understanding the mechanisms that connect identified genetic risk loci for schizophrenia to the disease phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Owens
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Peter Bachman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - David C Glahn
- Olin Neuropsychiatric Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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20
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Li S, Wang Y, Bin G, Huang X, Zhang D, Liu G, Lv Y, Gao X, Gao S, Ma L. Space distribution of EEG responses to hanoi-moving visual and auditory stimulation with Fourier Independent Component Analysis. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 9:405. [PMID: 26257626 PMCID: PMC4508523 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2015.00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The relationship between EEG source signals and action-related visual and auditory stimulation is still not well-understood. The objective of this study was to identify EEG source signals and their associated action-related visual and auditory responses, especially independent components of EEG. METHODS A hand-moving-Hanoi video paradigm was used to study neural correlates of the action-related visual and auditory information processing determined by mu rhythm (8-12 Hz) in 16 healthy young subjects. Independent component analysis (ICA) was applied to identify separate EEG sources, and further computed in the frequency domain by applying-Fourier transform ICA (F-ICA). RESULTS F-ICA found more sensory stimuli-related independent components located within the sensorimotor region than ICA did. The total number of independent components of interest from F-ICA was 768, twice that of 384 from traditional time-domain ICA (p < 0.05). In the sensory-motor region C3 or C4, the total source signals intensity distribution values from all 14 subjects was 23.00 (Mean 1.64 ± 1.17) from F-ICA; which was more than the 10.5 (Mean 0.75 ± 0.62) from traditional time-domain ICA (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the intensity distribution of source signals in the C3 or C4 region was statistically significant between the ICA and F-ICA groups (strong 50 vs. 92%; weak 50 vs. 8% retrospectively; p < 0.05). In the Pz region, the total source signal intensity distribution from F-ICA was 12.50 (Mean 0.89 ± 0.53); although exceeding that of traditional time-domain ICA 8.20 (Mean 0.59 ± 0.48), the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results support the hypothesis that mu rhythm was sensitive to detection of the cognitive expression, which could be reflected by the function in the parietal lobe sensory-motor region. The results of this study could potentially be applied into early diagnosis for those with visual and hearing impairments in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Li
- Department of Medical Instruments, PLA General Hospital Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Stomatology, PLA General Hospital Beijing, China
| | - Guangyu Bin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoshan Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University Beijing, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Radiology, PLA General Hospital Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Lv
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Office, Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics Beijing, China
| | - Xiaorong Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University Beijing, China
| | - Shangkai Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University Beijing, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Radiology, PLA General Hospital Beijing, China
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