1
|
Simonis C, Zink L, Johnston SE, Bogard M, Pyle GG. Effects of water quality on palladium-induced olfactory toxicity and bioaccumulation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2024; 20:1407-1419. [PMID: 38329152 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Through emission processes, palladium (Pd) particulates from industrial sources are introduced into a range of ecosystems including freshwater environments. Despite this, research on Pd-induced bioaccumulation, uptake, and toxicity is limited for freshwater fishes. Unlike other metals, there are currently no regulations or protective guidelines to limit Pd release into aquatic systems, indicating a global absence of measures addressing its environmental impact. To assess the olfactory toxicity potential of Pd, the present study aimed to explore Pd accumulation in olfactory tissues, olfactory disruption, and oxidative stress in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following waterborne Pd exposure. Olfactory sensitivity, measured by electro-olfactography, demonstrated that Pd inhibits multiple pathways of the olfactory system following 96 h of Pd exposure. In this study, the concentrations of Pd for inhibition of olfactory function by 20% (2.5 μg/L; IC20) and 50% (19 μg/L; IC50) were established. Rainbow trout were then exposed to IC20 and IC50 Pd concentrations in combination with varying exposure conditions, as changes in water quality alter the toxicity of metals. Independent to Pd, increased water hardness resulted in decreased olfactory perception owing to ion competition at the olfactory epithelium. No other environmental parameter in this study significantly influenced Pd-induced olfactory toxicity. Membrane-associated Pd was measured at the olfactory rosette and gill following exposure; however, this accumulation did not translate to oxidative stress as measured by the production of malondialdehyde. Our data suggest that Pd is toxic to rainbow trout via waterborne contamination near field-measured levels. This study further demonstrated Pd bioavailability and uptake at water-adjacent tissues, adding to our collective understanding of the toxicological profile of Pd. Taken together, our results provide novel insights into the olfactory toxicity in fish following Pd exposure. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:1407-1419. © 2024 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Simonis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lauren Zink
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sarah E Johnston
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA
| | - Matthew Bogard
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gregory G Pyle
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lu X, Zhang YY, Cheng W, Liu Y, Li Q, Li X, Dong F, Li J, Nie X. Chelating Effect of Siderophore Desferrioxamine-B on Uranyl Biomineralization Mediated by Shewanella putrefaciens. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:3974-3984. [PMID: 38306233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
In contaminated water and soil, little is known about the role and mechanism of the biometabolic molecule siderophore desferrioxamine-B (DFO) in the biogeochemical cycle of uranium due to complicated coordination and reaction networks. Here, a joint experimental and quantum chemical investigation is carried out to probe the biomineralization of uranyl (UO22+, referred to as U(VI) hereafter) induced by Shewanella putrefaciens (abbreviated as S. putrefaciens) in the presence of DFO and Fe3+ ion. The results show that the production of mineralized solids {hydrogen-uranium mica [H2(UO2)2(PO4)2·8H2O]} via S. putrefaciens binding with UO22+ is inhibited by DFO, which can both chelate preferentially UO22+ to form a U(VI)-DFO complex in solution and seize it from U(VI)-biominerals upon solvation. However, with Fe3+ ion introduced, the strong specificity of DFO binding with Fe3+ causes re-emergence of biomineralization of UO22+ {bassetite [Fe(UO2)2(PO4)2·8(H2O)]} by S. putrefaciens, owing to competitive complexation between Fe3+ and UO22+ for DFO. As DFO possesses three hydroxamic functional groups, it forms hexadentate coordination with Fe3+ and UO22+ ions via these functional groups. The stability of the Fe3+-DFO complex is much higher than that of U(VI)-DFO, resulting in some DFO-released UO22+ to be remobilized by S. putrefaciens. Our finding not only adds to the understanding of the fate of toxic U(VI)-containing substances in the environment and biogeochemical cycles in the future but also suggests the promising potential of utilizing functionalized DFO ligands for uranium processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Lu
- National Collaborative Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621000, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yang-Yang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wencai Cheng
- National Collaborative Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621000, China
| | - Yingzhangyang Liu
- National Collaborative Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621000, China
| | - Qingrong Li
- National Collaborative Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621000, China
| | - Xiaoan Li
- Mianyang Central Hospital, NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical Transformation, Mianyang 621000, China
| | - Faqin Dong
- National Collaborative Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621000, China
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Department of Chemistry and Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare-Earth Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoqin Nie
- National Collaborative Innovation Center for Nuclear Waste and Environmental Safety, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang621000, China
- Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recycle of Ministry of Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alberti G, Magnaghi LR, Iurato M, Zanoni C, Biesuz R. Colorimetric Paper-Based Analytical Devices (PADs) Backed by Chemometrics for Pd(II) Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7425. [PMID: 37687882 PMCID: PMC10490827 DOI: 10.3390/s23177425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the development of cheap and selective Paper-based Analytical Devices (PADs) for selective Pd(II) determination from very acidic aqueous solutions. The PADs were obtained by impregnating two cm-side squares of filter paper with an azoic ligand, (2-(tetrazolylazo)-1,8 dihydroxy naphthalene-3,6,-disulphonic acid), termed TazoC. The so-obtained orange TazoC-PADs interact quickly with Pd(II) in aqueous solutions by forming a complex purple-blue-colored already at pH lower than 2. The dye complexes no other metal ions at such an acidic media, making TazoC-PADs highly selective to Pd(II) detection. Besides, at higher pH values, other cations, for example, Cu(II) and Ni(II), can interact with TazoC through the formation of stable and pink-magenta-colored complexes; however, it is possible to quantify Pd(II) in the presence of other cations using a multivariate approach. To this end, UV-vis spectra of the TazoC-PADs after equilibration with the metal ions solutions were registered in the 300-800 nm wavelength range. By applying Partial Least Square regression (PLS), the whole UV-vis spectra of the TazoC-PADs were related to the Pd(II) concentrations both when present alone in solution and also in the presence of Cu(II) and Ni(II). Tailored PLS models obtained with matrix-matched standard solutions correctly predicted Pd(II) concentrations in unknown samples and tap water spiked with the metal cation, making the method promising for quick and economical sensing of Pd(II).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giancarla Alberti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.R.M.); (R.B.)
| | - Lisa Rita Magnaghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.R.M.); (R.B.)
- Unità di Ricerca di Pavia, Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Marzia Iurato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.R.M.); (R.B.)
| | - Camilla Zanoni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.R.M.); (R.B.)
| | - Raffaela Biesuz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (L.R.M.); (R.B.)
- Unità di Ricerca di Pavia, Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fromell K, Johansson U, Abadgar S, Bourzeix P, Lundholm L, Elihn K. The effect of airborne Palladium nanoparticles on human lung cells, endothelium and blood - A combinatory approach using three in vitro models. Toxicol In Vitro 2023; 89:105586. [PMID: 36931534 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
A better understanding of the mechanisms behind adverse health effects caused by airborne fine particles and nanoparticles (NP) is essential to improve risk assessment and identification the most critical particle exposures. While the use of automobile catalytic converters is decreasing the exhausts of harmful gases, concentrations of fine airborne particles and nanoparticles (NPs) from catalytic metals such as Palladium (Pd) are reaching their upper safe level. Here we used a combinatory approach with three in vitro model systems to study the toxicity of Pd particles, to infer their potential effects on human health upon inhalation. The three model systems are 1) a lung system with human lung cells (ALI), 2) an endothelial cell system and 3) a human whole blood loop system. All three model systems were exposed to the exact same type of Pd NPs. The ALI lung cell exposure system showed a clear reduction in cell growth from 24 h onwards and the effect persisted over a longer period of time. In the endothelial cell model, Pd NPs induced apoptosis, but not to the same extent as the most aggressive types of NPs such as TiO2. Similarly, Pd triggered clear coagulation and contact system activation but not as forcefully as the highly thrombogenic TiO2 NPs. In summary, we show that our 3-step in vitro model of the human lung and surrounding vessels can be a useful tool for studying pathological events triggered by airborne fine particles and NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Fromell
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck laboratory C5:3, Uppsala university, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Ulrika Johansson
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck laboratory C5:3, Uppsala university, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Linnæus Centre for Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnæus University, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Sophia Abadgar
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pauline Bourzeix
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck laboratory C5:3, Uppsala university, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lovisa Lundholm
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karine Elihn
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Samim M. Palladium nanoparticles as emerging pollutants from motor vehicles: An in-depth review on distribution, uptake and toxicological effects in occupational and living environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153787. [PMID: 35150667 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) play an integral role in motor vehicles as the primary vehicle exhaust catalyst (VEC) for tackling environmental pollution. Automobiles equipped with Pd-based catalytic converters were introduced in the mid-1970s and ever since the demand for Pd has steadily increased due to stringent emission standards imposed in many developed and developing countries. However, at the same time, the increasing usage of Pd in VECs has led to the release of nano-sized Pd particles in the environment, thus, emerging as a new source of environmental pollution. The present reports in the literature have shown gradual increasing levels of Pd particles in different urban environmental compartments and internalization of Pd particles in living organisms such as plants, aquatic species and animals. Occupational workers and the general population living in urban areas and near major highways are the most vulnerable as they may be chronically exposed to PdNPs. Risk assessment studies have shown acute and chronic toxicity exerted by PdNPs in both in-vitro and in-vivo models but the underlying mechanism of PdNPs toxicity is still not fully understood. The review intends to provide readers with an in-depth account on the demand and supply of Pd, global distribution of PdNPs in various environmental matrices, their migration and uptake by living species and lastly, their health risks, so as to serve as a useful reference to facilitate further research and development for safe and sustainable technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Samim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110062, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kurhaluk N, Tkachenko H. Habitat-, age-, and sex-related alterations in oxidative stress biomarkers in the blood of mute swans (Cygnus olor) inhabiting pomeranian coastal areas (Northern Poland). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:27070-27083. [PMID: 34971416 PMCID: PMC8989853 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18393-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The mute swan (Cygnus olor) can be considered a representative species of birds associated with the aquatic environment and responding very clearly to changes in the environment. Assuming that the condition of the mute swan population well reflects the state of the environment, this species was used in our research as a bioindicative species. Thus, the aim of our study was to elucidate the association between metal contents in soil samples collected from a habitat of mute swans and element contents in their feathers as well as the levels of biomarkers of lipid peroxidation, oxidatively modified proteins, and total antioxidant capacity in the blood of mute swans living in three agglomerations in coastal areas in the southern part of the Baltic Sea (Pomeranian region, northern Poland). We compared the effects of inhabitation, age, and sex on the ecophysiological accumulation of metals in three wintering populations of the mute swan from coastal areas of northern Poland, i.e., Słupsk, Gdynia, and Sopot. In Słupsk, the anthropogenic pressure was related predominantly to the level of Al and, to a lesser extent, to the content of Rh and Ru. We found maximum levels of lipid peroxidation biomarkers in the blood of the mute swans from Gdynia (38.20 ± 6.35 nmol MDA·mL-1). At the same time, maximum levels of aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins were noted in the blood of swans from Sopot compared to the values obtained in mute swans from Słupsk and Gdynia. This trend suggesting high levels of oxidative stress biomarkers was also confirmed by a decrease in the total antioxidant capacity in these groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kurhaluk
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewski Str. 22b, 76-200, Słupsk, Poland.
| | - Halyna Tkachenko
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biology and Earth Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewski Str. 22b, 76-200, Słupsk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Burketová L, Martinec J, Siegel J, Macůrková A, Maryška L, Valentová O. Noble metal nanoparticles in agriculture: impacts on plants, associated microorganisms, and biotechnological practices. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 58:107929. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
8
|
Zuba I, Pawlukojć A, Waliszewski J, Ivanshina O. Fe 3O 4@MnO 2 inorganic magnetic sorbent: Preparation, characterization and application for Ru(III) ions sorption. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.1965168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iga Zuba
- Institute Of Nuclear Chemistry And Technology, Warsaw, Poland
- Frank Laboratory Of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute For Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - Andrzej Pawlukojć
- Institute Of Nuclear Chemistry And Technology, Warsaw, Poland
- Frank Laboratory Of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute For Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - Janusz Waliszewski
- Frank Laboratory Of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute For Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
- University Of Bialystok, Faculty Of Physics, Białystok, Poland
| | - Olya Ivanshina
- Frank Laboratory Of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute For Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Monteiro CE, Cobelo-García A, Correia Dos Santos MM, Caetano M. Drivers of Rh and Pt variability in the water column of a hydrodynamic estuary: Effects of contrasting environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:143909. [PMID: 33341623 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rhodium and platinum are amongst the less studied elements in estuarine waters and the understanding of their speciation analysis and environmental fate remains limited. In this study, we address the occurrence and discrimination of soluble/insoluble Rh and Pt species in aquatic systems, as well as their potential transport. Particulate and dissolved (< 0.45 μm) rhodium (RhP and RhD) and platinum (PtP and PtD), respectively, were determined in the water column of contrasting environments during neap (NT) and spring (ST) tide semi-diurnal cycles: in the upper Tagus estuary (VFX) and near the mouth, close to a wastewater treatment plant outfall (ALC). Both elements were analyzed by AdCSV and ICP-MS, as well ancillary parameters were determined. Concentrations of Rh and Pt followed the tidal regime, presenting higher concentrations during low tide. Concentrations of RhP (0.1-5.1 ng g-1) and RhD (0.03-0.12 ng L-1) were lower than PtP (1.0-25.6 ng g-1) and PtD (0.1-11.7 ng L-1), respectively. Concentrations found in ALC were higher than VFX, except for RhD, mirroring anthropogenic inputs attributed to automotive catalytic converters and an additional Pt source originated in Pt-based compounds. Distribution coefficients (KD) of 104 were computed and were independent of the salinity gradient. The speciation analysis done at VFX during NT showed that truly dissolved forms measured by AdCSV represented 39 ± 9% of total Pt in the water column, while total filter-passing species measured by ICP-MS were higher, 65 ± 14%. Pt speciation was controlled by its dissolved forms, whereas particulate Rh forms represented the bulk value (> 65%). The potential transport evaluated at downstream station indicated recirculation within the estuary and export towards the Atlantic Ocean, with higher concentrations associated with the ebb opposing to the flood. These results show estuaries as important pathways to introduce PGE in coastal regions, transferring them towards the ocean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Monteiro
- Environmental Biogeochemistry, Centro de Química Estrutural, IST-UL, Lisboa, Portugal; IPMA - Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Algés, Portugal.
| | | | | | - Miguel Caetano
- IPMA - Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Algés, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Trommetter G, Dumoulin D, Billon G. Development and validation of DGT passive samplers for the quantification of Ir, Pd, Pt, Rh and Ru: A challenging application in waters impacted by urban activities. Talanta 2021; 223:121707. [PMID: 33303157 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Platinum group elements (PGEs) are among the least abundant in the continental crust. They have become excellent tracers of anthropogenic activities, particularly due to their use in catalytic converters or in the medical industry. However, their quantification in environmental matrices is still problematic because of their low concentrations combined with the presence of interfering elements. Preconcentration methods are therefore necessary to measure accurate concentrations. In this study, the quantification of Ir, Rh, Ru, Pd and Pt was studied in depth by focusing on two resins: AG MP-1 (anion exchange) and Purolite® S-920 (chelating) with the aim of developing passive Diffusive Gradients in Thin films (DGT) samplers as in-situ pre-concentration tools. The characteristics of both resins (e.g. adsorption, elution, selectivity, etc.) were studied and the diffusion coefficients of PGEs in different matrices were determined. For the first time, carcinostatic platinum-based drugs were also studied. Better rates and percentages of adsorption were observed for S-920 while AG MP-1 was more selective with regard to spectral interferents and easier to elute. The diffusion coefficients of PGEs were resin-dependent, particularly for carcinostatic platinum-based drugs. For the first time, the applicability of these DGT samplers dedicated to PGEs was demonstrated in the field after their deployment in two wastewater treatment plants in Northern France for which concentrations were found to range from few pg L-1 (Ir, Ru) to few ng L-1 (Pt).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Trommetter
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIRE - LAboratoire de Spectroscopie pour Les Interactions, La Réactivité et L'Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - D Dumoulin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIRE - LAboratoire de Spectroscopie pour Les Interactions, La Réactivité et L'Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - G Billon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIRE - LAboratoire de Spectroscopie pour Les Interactions, La Réactivité et L'Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Aarzoo, Naqvi S, Agarwal NB, Singh MP, Samim M. Bio-engineered palladium nanoparticles: model for risk assessment study of automotive particulate pollution on macrophage cell lines. RSC Adv 2021; 11:1850-1861. [PMID: 35424083 PMCID: PMC8693606 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09336j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The surge in vehicular activity in densely populated areas has led to an increased concentration of airborne palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) in the environment. Recent toxicity data have indicated that PdNPs exhibit adverse effects in in vitro and in vivo models, however, their effect on the immune system is not fully understood. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to evaluate possible toxic effects of bio-engineered palladium nanoparticles on the murine macrophage cell line (J774). Here we prepared palladium nanoparticles using aqueous leaf extract of Parthenium hysterophorus and characterized them by UV-Vis spectroscopy, XRD, FT-IR spectroscopy, HR-TEM, EDX, SEM and zeta potential. Toxicity parameters such as cell viability, cell membrane integrity, induction of apoptosis and ROS production were assessed on J774 cell lines. Spherical palladium nanoparticles of mean size ∼4 nm, when subjected to time and dose-dependent cytotoxicity assay, showed cell viability was >95% at lower doses (25, 200 μg mL-1) and <50% at higher doses of palladium nanoparticles (400, 500 μg mL-1) after 24 hours of incubation. We also observed cell membrane injury at higher doses by lactate dehydrogenase assay. The induction of apoptosis observed was moderate. H2DCFDA assay revealed visible cell damage which could be due to modest levels of ROS generation. The detection of Pd in the road-dust samples of New Delhi using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) technique was also investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aarzoo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi-110062 India
| | - Saba Naqvi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Lucknow-226002 India
| | - Nidhi Bharal Agarwal
- Centre for Translational &Clinical Research, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi-110062 India
| | - Manoj P Singh
- Advanced Instrumentation Research Facility (AIRF), Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) New Delhi-110067 India
| | - M Samim
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard New Delhi-110062 India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Monteiro CE, Cobelo-García A, Caetano M, Correia Dos Santos M. Speciation analysis of Pt and Rh in urban road dust leachates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137954. [PMID: 32208280 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Road dust is a major reservoir of anthropogenic Pt and Rh. However, information about how these elements are released to the aquatic systems under environmentally relevant conditions is scarce. In this work, an innovative combination of analytical strategies is used to provide insight into the speciation analysis of those elements. A composite sample of road dust thoroughly characterized was incubated over 7 days in synthetic rainwater and seawater. In the filtered (<0.45 μm) solutions, truly dissolved Pt and Rh concentrations were measured by adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry, while total concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Truly dissolved species corresponded to a small fraction of total Pt and Rh in the road dust; accordingly, values of 0.01% and 0.1% were obtained in both media for Pt and Rh, respectively, which remained constant over time. The concentration of total filter-passing species predominates for both elements by a factor of 10 and 2-3 for Pt and Rh, respectively, evidencing that particulate species coexist with truly dissolved forms. Temporal variations were observed for Pt, as opposed to Rh. These findings contribute to the gap in knowledge regarding Pt and Rh mobility in aquatic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Monteiro
- Environmental Biogeochemistry, Centro de Química Estrutural, IST-UL, Lisboa, Portugal; IPMA - Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Algés, Portugal.
| | | | - Miguel Caetano
- IPMA - Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Algés, Portugal
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Comparative Study of Synthesis Methods to Prepare New Functionalized Adsorbent Materials Based on MNPs-GO Coupling. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10020304. [PMID: 32053910 PMCID: PMC7075119 DOI: 10.3390/nano10020304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the synthesis of new adsorbent nanomaterials based on the coupling of magnetic nanoparticles and graphene oxide (MNPs-GO) was addressed. Separately, MNPs and GO have adsorbent properties of great interest, but their use involves certain difficulties. The coupling seeks compensation for their disadvantages, while maintaining their excellent properties. Three different routes to synthesize coupled MNPs-GO were studied and are compared in this work. The three synthesized materials were functionalized with chelating groups: [1,5-bis (di-2-pyridyl) methylene] thiocarbonohydrazide (DPTH) and [1,5-bis(2-pyridyl)3-sulfophenylmethylene] thiocarbonohydrazide (PSTH). The new adsorbent nanomaterials were characterized adequately. Moreover, their capacities of adsorption toward heavy and noble metals were determined, in order to apply them as extractants in magnetic solid-phase extraction to preconcentrate metals in environmental samples. The results showed that one of the routes provided nanomaterials with better adsorbent characteristics and higher yields of functionalization.
Collapse
|
14
|
Recent advances in the preconcentration and determination of platinum group metals in environmental and biological samples. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
15
|
Komendova R. The HR-CS-GF-AAS determination and preconcentration of palladium in contaminated urban areas, especially in lichens. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113468. [PMID: 31679880 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The increasing content of platinum group metal particles emitted into the environment by car traffic is gradually attracting the attention of the scientific community. However, the methods for the determination of platinum group metals in environmental matrices are either costly or suffer from low sensitivity. To facilitate the use of less sensitive, but significantly cheaper, devices, the preconcentration of platinum group metals is employed. For platinum, a multitude of preconcentration approaches have been published. On the contrary, the preconcentration approaches for palladium are still rare. In this work, the development, optimization, and testing of a new approach is described; it is based on a preconcentration of palladium on octadecyl modified silica gel together with the complexing agent dimethylglyoxime, and it is then analyzed with the high-resolution continuum-source atomic absorption spectrometry. For comparison, a newly developed sorbent, QuadraSil™ TA, with a high affinity for platinum group metals was also tested. The preconcentraiton approach was tested on the lichen Hypogymnia physodes, which served as a bioindicator of palladium emissions. The case study site was a mid-sized city in central Europe: Brno, Czech Republic. The dry "bag" monitoring technique was used to collect the palladium near roads with a large span of traffic density. The developed analytical approach confirmed an increasing concentration of palladium with increasing exposure time and intensity of the traffic. Consequently, a simple relationship between the amount of bioaccumulated palladium and traffic density was established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Komendova
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, Brno, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu K, Gao X. Adsorption and fractionation of Pt, Pd and Rh onto inorganic microparticles and the effects of macromolecular organic compounds in seawater. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113192. [PMID: 31541813 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption and fractionation of Pt, Pd and Rh (defined here as platinum group elements, PGEs) onto the representative inorganic microparticles, including Fe2O3, MnO2, CaCO3, SiO2, Al2O3 and kaolinite in seawater were investigated. The effects of macromolecular organic compounds (MOCs) as the representatives of organic matter, including humic acids (HA), bovine serum albumin (BSA) and carrageenan, on the adsorption were also studied considering that organic matter is ubiquitous in seawater and indispensable to marine biogeochemical cycles. In the absence of MOCs, the representative mineral particles Fe2O3 and MnO2 had the strongest interaction with PGEs. The adsorption of PGEs onto the representative biogenic particles SiO2 and CaCO3 and lithogenic particles Al2O3 and kaolinite was similar or weaker than onto the mineral particles. MOCs inhibited the interaction between PGEs and the particles except for Pt and Pd onto the biogenic particles in artificial seawater. This impediment may be closely related to the interaction between particles, MOCs and elements. The partition coefficient (log Kd) of Pt was similar (∼4.0) in the presence of MOCs, indicating that the complexation between Pt and MOCs was less important than hydrolysis or adsorption onto the acid oxide particle surface. Rh tended to fractionate onto the mineral and lithogenic particles in the presence of HA and carrageenan, while Pd was more likely to fractionate onto the biogenic particles. However, BSA enhanced the fractionation tendency of Pd onto the mineral particles. The results indicate that the adsorption behavior of Pd onto inorganic particles was significantly affected by the composition or the type of MOCs. Hence, the interaction between PGEs and inorganic particles may be greatly affected by the macromolecular organic matter in the ocean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Dongying Municipal Bureau of Marine Development and Fisheries, Dongying, Shandong 257000, China
| | - Xuelu Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abdulbur-Alfakhoury E, Van Zutphen S, Leermakers M. Development of the diffusive gradients in thin films technique (DGT) for platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), and rhodium (Rh) in natural waters. Talanta 2019; 203:34-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
18
|
A Bispyrazole Based Porous 2D Luminescent MOF for the Turn‐Off Detection of Pd(II) Ions. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201902151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
19
|
Monteiro CE, Correia Dos Santos M, Cobelo-García A, Brito P, Caetano M. Platinum and rhodium in Tagus estuary, SW Europe: sources and spatial distribution. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2019; 191:579. [PMID: 31435745 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7738-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution of Pt and Rh was assessed in Tagus estuary and their sources discussed. Both elements were analysed in superficial sediment samples (n = 72) by adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry. Concentrations varied within the following ranges: 0.18-5.1 ng Pt g-1 and 0.02-1.5 ng Rh g-1. Four distinct areas were established: "reference"; waste- and pluvial water discharge; motorway bridges and industrialised areas. The calculated reference median concentrations were 0.55 ng Pt g-1 and 0.27 ng Rh g-1. Linear relationships were found between Pt and Al, Fe and LOI, whereas Rh depicted scattered patterns. The highest concentrations were found nearby industrialised areas and a motorway bridge, corresponding to the enrichment of 10 and 6 times the background of Pt and Rh, respectively. The main sources of contamination to the Tagus estuary derived from historical and present industrial activities and from automotive catalytic converters. Large variations of Pt/Rh ratio (0.48-39) point to different sources, reactivity and dilution effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Eduardo Monteiro
- Division of Oceanography and Marine Environment, IPMA-Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165, Algés, Portugal.
- Environmental Biogeochemistry, Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, Torre Sul Lab 11.6-2, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Margarida Correia Dos Santos
- Environmental Biogeochemistry, Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais 1, Torre Sul Lab 11.6-2, 1049-001, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Antonio Cobelo-García
- Bioxeoquímica Mariña, Instituto de Investigacións Mariñas IIM-CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - Pedro Brito
- Division of Oceanography and Marine Environment, IPMA-Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165, Algés, Portugal
| | - Miguel Caetano
- Division of Oceanography and Marine Environment, IPMA-Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho 6, 1495-165, Algés, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wong DL, Stillman MJ. Metallothionein: An Aggressive Scavenger-The Metabolism of Rhodium(II) Tetraacetate (Rh 2(CH 3CO 2) 4). ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:16314-16327. [PMID: 31458267 PMCID: PMC6643557 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic sources of xenobiotic metals with no physiological benefit are increasingly prevalent in the environment. The platinum group metals (Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Os, and Ir) are found in marine and plant species near urban sources, and are known to bioaccumulate, introducing these metals into the human food chain. Many of these metals are also being used in innovative cancer therapy, which leads to a direct source of exposure for humans. This paper aims to further our understanding of nontraditional metal metabolism via metallothionein, a protein involved in physiologically important metal homeostasis. The aggressive reaction of metallothionein and dirhodium(II) tetraacetate, a common synthetic catalyst known for its cytotoxicity, was studied in detail in vitro. Optical spectroscopic and equilibrium and time-dependent mass spectral data were used to define binding constants for this robust reaction, and molecular dynamics calculations were conducted to explain the observed results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daisy L. Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, N6A 5B7 London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin J. Stillman
- Department of Chemistry, The
University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, N6A 5B7 London, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
N,N′-dimethyl-N,N′-dicyclohexylsuccinamide: A novel molecule for the separation and recovery of Pd(II) by liquid-liquid extraction. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
22
|
Murray AJ, Zhu J, Wood J, Macaskie LE. Biorefining of platinum group metals from model waste solutions into catalytically active bimetallic nanoparticles. Microb Biotechnol 2018; 11:359-368. [PMID: 29282886 PMCID: PMC5812250 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria can fabricate platinum group metal (PGM) catalysts cheaply, a key consideration of industrial processes and waste decontaminations. Biorecovery of PGMs from wastes is promising but PGM leachates made from metallic scraps are acidic. A two-step biosynthesis 'pre-seeds' metallic deposits onto bacterial cells benignly; chemical reduction of subsequent metal from acidic solution via the seeds makes bioscaffolded nanoparticles (NPs). Cells of Escherichia coli were seeded using Pd(II) or Pt(IV) and exposed to a mixed Pd(II)/Pt(IV) model solution under H2 to make bimetallic catalyst. Its catalytic activity was assessed in the reduction of Cr(VI), with 2 wt% or 5 wt% preloading of Pd giving the best catalytic activity, while 1 wt% seeds gave a poorer catalyst. Use of Pt seeds gave less effective catalyst in the final bimetallic catalyst, attributed to fewer and larger initial seeds as shown by electron microscopy, which also showed a different pattern of Pd and Pt deposition. Bimetallic catalyst (using cells preloaded with 2 wt% Pd) was used in the hydrogenation of soybean oil which was enhanced by ~fourfold using the bimetallic catalyst made from a model waste solution as compared to 2 wt% Pd preloaded cells alone, with a similar selectivity to cis C18:1 product as found using a Pd-Al2 O3 commercial catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela J. Murray
- School of BiosciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB15 2TTUK
| | - Ju Zhu
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB15 2TTUK
| | - Joe Wood
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB15 2TTUK
| | - Lynne E. Macaskie
- School of BiosciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirminghamB15 2TTUK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kińska K, Jiménez-Lamana J, Kowalska J, Krasnodębska-Ostręga B, Szpunar J. Study of the uptake and bioaccumulation of palladium nanoparticles by Sinapis alba using single particle ICP-MS. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 615:1078-1085. [PMID: 29751411 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, increased palladium content has been found in the environment, due to its wide use in various fields, especially as catalytic converters. Palladium can be emitted as a range of soluble and insoluble compounds and in the form of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs). The level of toxicity is equally dependent on concentration and form of palladium and hence, it is important to determine not only the total content of this element, but also its forms of occurrence. This study for the first time investigates the uptake degree and distribution of PdNPs by model plant Sinapis alba, in comparison with a platinum salt (Pd(NO3)2). An enzymatic digestion method which allows the extraction of PdNPs from the different plant tissues without altering their properties was applied. After extraction, samples were analysed by single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS) to provide information about the presences of palladium in nanoparticulated or dissolved form, the nanoparticle size and the nanoparticle number concentration. Significant amounts of PdNPs were found even in aboveground organs, but no significant changes in plant morphology were observed. Size distributions of PdNPs found in all tissues presented lower diameters than size distribution of the PdNPs stock suspension, suggesting that bigger nanoparticles are not taken up by the plant. The average size found is in good agreement between the different organs. Moreover, dissolved palladium was found in all samples, with the biggest contribution, in relative terms, observed in leaves followed by stems and roots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Jiménez-Lamana
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE), UMR 5254-IPREM, CNRS-UPPA, Hélioparc, Pau, France
| | | | | | - Joanna Szpunar
- Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Bio-inorganique et Environnement (LCABIE), UMR 5254-IPREM, CNRS-UPPA, Hélioparc, Pau, France.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Biesuz R, Nurchi VM, Lachowicz JI, Alberti G. Unusual PLS application for Pd( ii) sensing in extremely acidic solutions. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj05085b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Tazoc-Mar@: a simple device that turns into a deep blue colour in presence of Pd(ii) at very low concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valeria Marina Nurchi
- Dipartimento di Sc. Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- Monserrato 09042
- Italy
| | - Joanna Izabela Lachowicz
- Dipartimento di Sc. Chimiche e Geologiche
- Università di Cagliari
- Cittadella Universitaria
- Monserrato 09042
- Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tao HC, Gu YH, Liu W, Huang SB, Cheng L, Zhang LJ, Zhu LL, Wang Y. Preparation of Palladium(II) Ion-Imprinted Polymeric Nanospheres and Its Removal of Palladium(II) from Aqueous Solution. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:583. [PMID: 29110246 PMCID: PMC5673866 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2349-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Three kinds of functional monomers, 4-vinylpridine(4-VP), 2-(allylthio)nicotinic acid(ANA), and 2-Acetamidoacrylic acid(AAA), were used to synthetize palladium(II) ion-imprinted polymeric nanospheres (Pd(II) IIPs) via precipitation-polymerization method in order to study the effects of different functional monomers on the adsorption properties of ion-imprinted materials. The results of UV spectra in order to study the interaction between template ion PdCl42- and functional monomers showed that there were great differences in structure after the template reacted with three functional monomers, 4-VP and ANA caused a large structural change, while AAA basically did not change. Further results on the adsorption performance of Pd(II) IIPs on Pd(II) confirmed 4-VP was the most promising candidate for the synthesis of Pd(II) IIPs with an adsorption capacity of 5.042 mg/g as compared with ANA and AAA. The influence of operating parameters on Pd(II) IIP's performance on Pd(II) adsorption was investigated. There was an increase in the adsorption capacity of Pd(II) IIPs at higher pH, temperature, and initial concentration of Pd(II). The results of multi-metal competitive adsorption experiments showed that Pd(II) IIPs had selectivity for Pd(II). An adsorption equilibrium could be reached at 180 min. Kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption test data fitted best to the pseudo-second order kinetic model, and the theoretical equilibrium adsorption capacity was about 5.085 mg/g. The adsorption isotherms of Pd(II) by Pd(II) IIPs agreed well with the Freundlich equation, suggesting a favorable adsorption reaction under optimal conditions. These results showed that Pd(II) IIPs have potential application in the removal of Pd(II) from aqueous solutions and may provide some information for the selection of functional monomers in the preparation of Pd(II) IIPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hu-Chun Tao
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Yi-Han Gu
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Material Research, School of Chemical Biology & Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Shuai-Bin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Ling Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Li-Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Li-Li Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| | - Yong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nano-Micro Material Research, School of Chemical Biology & Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055 China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cardelli R, Vanni G, Marchini F, Saviozzi A. Characterization and origin of organic and inorganic pollution in urban soils in Pisa (Tuscany, Italy). ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2017; 189:554. [PMID: 29027050 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-017-6264-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the quality of 31 urban soils in Pisa by analyzing total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, and the platinum group elements (PGEs). The risk was evaluated by the geological accumulation index (I geo) and the enrichment factor (EF). Results were compared with those obtained from a non-urban site and with the quantitative limits fixed by Italian legislation. In nearly all the monitored sites, the legal limit for TPH of 60 mg/kg in residential areas was exceeded, indicating widespread and intense pollution throughout the entire city area. The I geo indicated no Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn pollution and minimal Pb and Cr pollution due to anthropogenic enrichment. Legal Hg and Zn limits of 1 and 150 mg/kg, respectively, were exceeded in about 20% of sites; Cd (2 mg/kg), Cr (150 mg/kg), and Cu (120 mg/kg) in only one site; and the Ni legal limit of 120 mg/kg was never exceeded. Some urban soils showed a higher Hg level than the more restrictive legal limit of 5 mg/kg concerning areas for industrial use. Based on the soluble, exchangeable, and carbonate-bound fractions, Mn and Zn showed the highest mobility, suggesting a more potential risk of soil contamination than the other metals. The TPH and both Cr and Hg amounts were not correlated with any of the other monitored metals. The total contents of Cd, Pb, Zn, and Cu in soils were positively correlated with each other, suggesting a common origin from vehicular traffic. The PGE values (Pt and Pd) were below the detection limits in 75%-90% of the monitored areas, suggesting that their accumulation is at an early stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Cardelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Vanni
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fausto Marchini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Saviozzi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Alarifi S, Ali D, Alkahtani S, Almeer RS. ROS-Mediated Apoptosis and Genotoxicity Induced by Palladium Nanoparticles in Human Skin Malignant Melanoma Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:8439098. [PMID: 28791053 PMCID: PMC5534296 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8439098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The present work was designed to investigate the effect of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) on human skin malignant melanoma (A375) cells, for example, induction of apoptosis, cytotoxicity, and DNA damage. Diseases resulting from dermal exposure may have a significant impact on human health. There is a little study that has been reported on the toxic potential of PdNPs on A375. Cytotoxic potential of PdNPs (0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 μg/ml) was measured by tetrazolium bromide (MTT assay) and NRU assay in A375 cells. PdNPs elicited concentration and time-dependent cytotoxicity, and longer exposure period induced more cytotoxicity as measured by MTT and NRU assay. The molecular mechanisms of cytotoxicity through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were investigated by AO (acridine orange)/EtBr (ethidium bromide) stain and flow cytometry. PdNPs not only inhibit proliferation of A375 cells in a dose- and time-dependent model but also induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase (before 12 h) and S phase (after 24 h). The induction of oxidative stress in A375 cells treated with above concentration PdNPs for 24 and 48 h increased ROS level; on the other hand, glutathione level was declined. Apoptosis and DNA damage was significantly increased after treatment of PdNPs. Considering all results, PdNPs showed cytotoxicity and genotoxic effect in A375 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daoud Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafa S. Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nischkauer W, Izmer A, Neouze MA, Vanhaecke F, Limbeck A. Combining Dispersed Particle Extraction with Dried-Droplet Laser Ablation ICP-MS for Determining Platinum in Airborne Particulate Matter. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 71:1613-1620. [PMID: 28664786 DOI: 10.1177/0003702817693240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A combination of analyte pre-concentration using dispersed particle extraction (DPE) and dried-droplet laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was developed with the aim to quantify Pt and Pd in urban particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5). The PM2.5 aerosol was collected on cellulose ester filters during a sampling period of three days, with sampling intervals of 4 h only. Each of the filters was chemically digested, and the resulting solution was pre-concentrated using DPE. Droplets taken from the pre-concentrated sample were deposited on polymeric disks and dried. These dry spots were then analyzed by means of LA-ICP-MS. This approach allowed ICP-MS analysis of solutions with high content of dissolved sorbent particles coming from the DPE procedure. Furthermore, spectral interferences arising from sample-inherent matrix elements as well as solvent-related interferences could be removed by the proposed approach. The method was validated by determining the Pt concentration in Bureau Communautaire de Référence certified reference material (BCR CRM) 723 road dust certified reference material and a good agreement with the certified value was obtained. The temporal variation of Pt during the three-day sampling period is discussed, with respect to automotive traffic. The daily average of Pt measured in the air corresponds to typical values observed in urban areas in Central Europe. Although the pre-concentration of palladium is feasible with dispersed particle extraction, the method detection limits achieved here did not allow to quantify this element in the CRM or in the PM2.5 samples. The source for these high method detection limits for palladium are blank values arising from the filter material as well as the digestion procedure of the PM2.5 samples. Instrumental sensitivity of the approach would, however, suggest that palladium quantification is possible, provided the abovementioned blank issues are controlled better.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Winfried Nischkauer
- 1 Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- 2 Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andrei Izmer
- 2 Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Frank Vanhaecke
- 2 Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andreas Limbeck
- 1 Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Leopold K, Wörle K, Schindl R, Huber L, Maier M, Schuster M. Determination of traffic-related palladium in tunnel dust and roadside soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 583:169-175. [PMID: 28110882 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Roadside dust and soil samples were collected at different sites in the area of Ulm and Munich in Germany. Road dust samples were collected in tunnels where the traffic-related dust is less influenced by atmospheric conditions. Soil samples were taken with a drill bar at varying distances to motorways, district and regional roads with different traffic densities. The soil cylinders of 30cm length were divided into four sections in order to obtain depth profiles for palladium (Pd) distribution. Determination of Pd in total digests of the samples was performed by ligand-assisted selective separation and preconcentration of Pd(II) using solid phase extraction followed by high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace spectrometry. The analytical procedure was successfully validated using the certified reference material BCR-723 Road Tunnel Dust and by recovery experiments in spiked soil samples. The average Pd concentration found in the road dusts was 311μgkg-1, the maximum Pd concentration in the topsoil layer was 193μgkg-1. Pd depth profiles reveal transportation of Pd into deeper soil layers, where even at a depth of 25 to 30cm a Pd concentration of 19μgkg-1 was found, proving the high mobility of Pd. Different factors like traffic density and age of the soils are discussed in the context of the found Pd depth profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Leopold
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany..
| | - Katharina Wörle
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Roland Schindl
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Lars Huber
- Institute of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany
| | - Marina Maier
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Michael Schuster
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Pikna L, Heželová M, Šestinová L. Application of different types of carbon nanotubes as PIGE surface modifier in Pd(II) electrochemical determination. PARTICULATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2016.1150372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
31
|
Hosseini MJ, Jafarian I, Farahani S, Khodadadi R, Tagavi SH, Naserzadeh P, Mohammadi-Bardbori A, Arghavanifard N. New mechanistic approach of inorganic palladium toxicity: impairment in mitochondrial electron transfer. Metallomics 2016; 8:252-9. [PMID: 26739318 DOI: 10.1039/c5mt00249d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human activities have increased the levels of palladium (Pd) that are progressively accumulating in the environment. The growing evidence of Pd toxicity has become the focus of serious concern for the environment, organisms and humans, with little data on the mechanism of Pd toxicity. Recent studies have suggested that mitochondria have a key role in Pd toxicity via mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and depletion of the cellular glutathione (GSH) level. Therefore, it was decided to determine the mechanistic toxicity of Pd towards isolated mitochondria via new and reliable methods. Isolated liver and kidney mitochondria were obtained by differential ultracentrifugation and incubated with different concentrations of Pd (100-400 μM). Our results showed that Pd induced mitochondrial dysfunction via an increase in mitochondrial ROS production and membrane potential collapse, which correlated to cytochrome c release. Also, increased disturbance in oxidative phosphorylation was also shown by the increase in ADP/ATP ratio in Pd-treated mitochondria, which indicates mitochondrial dysfunction in isolated liver and kidney mitochondria. Our results suggest that Pd-induced toxicity is the result of a disruptive effect on the mitochondrial respiratory chain, increasing the chance of cell death signaling. In addition, it is supposed that kidney tissue is more susceptible to Pd exposure than liver tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M-J Hosseini
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - I Jafarian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - S Farahani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - R Khodadadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - S H Tagavi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran.
| | - P Naserzadeh
- Zanjan Applied Pharmacology Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - A Mohammadi-Bardbori
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - N Arghavanifard
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 45139-56184, Zanjan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jansen Van Rensburg S, Franken A, Du Plessis J, Du Plessis JL. The influence of pH on the in vitro permeation of rhodium through human skin. Toxicol Ind Health 2016; 33:487-494. [PMID: 27811158 DOI: 10.1177/0748233716675218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Workers in precious metals refineries are at risk of exposure to salt compounds of the platinum group metals through inhalation, as well as through the skin. Rhodium salt permeation through the skin has previously been proven using rhodium trichloride (RhCl3) dissolved in synthetic sweat at a pH of 6.5. However, the skin surface pH of refinery workers may be lower than 6.5. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of pH 6.5 and 4.5 on the in vitro permeation of rhodium through intact Caucasian skin using Franz diffusion cells. A concentration of 0.3 mg mL−1 rhodium was used and analyses were performed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Results indicated a cumulative increase in permeation over 24 h. Rhodium permeation after 12 h was significantly greater at pH 4.5 (1.56 ± 0.24 ng cm−2) than at 6.5 (0.85 ± 0.13 ng cm−2; p = 0.02). At both pH levels, there was a highly significant difference ( p < 0.01) between the mass of rhodium remaining in the skin (1428.68 ± 224.67 ng cm−2 at pH 4.5 and 1029.90 ± 115.96 ng cm−2 at pH 6.5) and the mass that diffused through (0.88 ± 0.17 ng cm−2 at pH 4.5 and 0.62 ± 0.10 ng cm−2 at pH 6.5). From these findings, it is evident that an acidic working environment or low skin surface pH may enhance permeation of rhodium salts, contributing to sensitization and adverse health effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sané Jansen Van Rensburg
- Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Anja Franken
- Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Jeanetta Du Plessis
- Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Torrano AA, Herrmann R, Strobel C, Rennhak M, Engelke H, Reller A, Hilger I, Wixforth A, Bräuchle C. Cell membrane penetration and mitochondrial targeting by platinum-decorated ceria nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:13352-13367. [PMID: 27341699 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08419a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work we investigate the interaction between endothelial cells and nanoparticles emitted by catalytic converters. Although catalyst-derived particles are recognized as growing burden added to environmental pollution, very little is known about their health impact. We use platinum-decorated ceria nanoparticles as model compounds for the actual emitted particles and focus on their fast uptake and association with mitochondria, the cell's powerhouse. Using live-cell imaging and electron microscopy we clearly show that 46 nm platinum-decorated ceria nanoparticles can rapidly penetrate cell membranes and reach the cytosol. Moreover, if suitably targeted, these particles are able to selectively attach to mitochondria. These results are complemented by cytotoxicity assays, thus providing insights into the biological effects of these particles on cells. Interestingly, no permanent membrane disruption or any other significant adverse effects on cells were observed. The unusual uptake behavior observed for 46 nm nanoparticles was not observed for equivalent but larger 143 nm and 285 nm platinum-decorated particles. Our results demonstrate a remarkable particle size effect in which particles smaller than ∼50-100 nm escape the usual endocytic pathway and translocate directly into the cytosol, while particles larger than ∼150 nm are internalized by conventional endocytosis. Since the small particles are able to bypass endocytosis they could be explored as drug and gene delivery vehicles. Platinum-decorated nanoparticles are therefore highly interesting in the fields of nanotoxicology and nanomedicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriano A Torrano
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany. and Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Rudolf Herrmann
- Experimental Physics I, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Strobel
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Markus Rennhak
- Experimental Physics I, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Engelke
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany.
| | - Armin Reller
- Resources Strategy, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hilger
- Department of Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Achim Wixforth
- Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), 80799 Munich, Germany and Experimental Physics I, Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Bräuchle
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), University of Munich (LMU), 81377 Munich, Germany. and Nanosystems Initiative Munich (NIM), 80799 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Almeida C, Grosselli M, González P, Martínez D, Gil R. Batch leaching tests of motherboards to assess environmental contamination by bromine, platinum group elements and other selected heavy metals. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 144:1-6. [PMID: 26343021 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a batch leaching test was executed to evaluate the toxicity associated with chemicals contained in motherboards. The leaching solutions used were distilled water, nitric acid, acetic acid and synthetic acid rain solution. A total of 21 elements including Ag, As, Au, Br, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hf, Ir, Mn, Ni, Os, Pb, Pd, Pt, Rd, Rh, Se, U and Zn were analyzed. In this study, the pH values of all the leachates fell within the range of 2.33-4.88. The highest concentrations of metals were obtained from the acid rain solution, whilst the maximum value of bromine was achieved with solution of acetic acid. Appreciable concentrations of platinum group elements were detected with concentrations around 3.45, 1.43, 1.21 and 22.19 µg L(-1) for Ir, Pd, Pt and Rh, respectively. The different leaching of the motherboards revealed the predominant presence of the toxic substances in the leached from the e-waste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- César Almeida
- Instituto de Química de San Luis, INQUISAL (UNSL-CONICET), Chacabuco y Pedernera, San Luis, C.P. D5700BWQ, Argentina.
| | - Melina Grosselli
- Instituto de Química de San Luis, INQUISAL (UNSL-CONICET), Chacabuco y Pedernera, San Luis, C.P. D5700BWQ, Argentina
| | - Patricia González
- Instituto de Química de San Luis, INQUISAL (UNSL-CONICET), Chacabuco y Pedernera, San Luis, C.P. D5700BWQ, Argentina
| | - Dante Martínez
- Instituto de Química de San Luis, INQUISAL (UNSL-CONICET), Chacabuco y Pedernera, San Luis, C.P. D5700BWQ, Argentina
| | - Raúl Gil
- Instituto de Química de San Luis, INQUISAL (UNSL-CONICET), Chacabuco y Pedernera, San Luis, C.P. D5700BWQ, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Simultaneous determination of traces of Pt, Pd, and Ir by SPE-ICP-OES. Test for chemical vapor generation. Microchem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
36
|
Clément N, Muresan B, Hedde M, François D. Assessment of palladium footprint from road traffic in two highway environments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:20019-20031. [PMID: 26298342 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5241-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Palladium (Pd) is an emerging eco-toxic pollutant from vehicle catalytic converters, emitted worldwide for more than two decades. Nowadays, the spatial extent of Pd fallout is growing along roads, but its subsequent fate in neighboring terrestrial ecosystems has not been extensively addressed yet. Two sites representative of contrasted natural environments (field, forest) but located under similar ambient conditions were selected to isolate and analyze the specific impact of vehicular Pd, along highway A71, France. Pd impregnation was assessed along 200-m-long transects perpendicular to the highway. Contents were measured in soils, earthworms, plant communities of the right of way (ROW), and the neighboring field (crop weeds), as well as in a moss, and bramble and ivy leaves in the forest. The direct impact of Pd fallouts appears to be confined in the grassy verge of the highway: ROW soils ([Pd] = 52-65 ng g(-1)), earthworms ([Pd] = 18-38 ng g(-1)), and plant community ([Pd] = 10-23 ng g(-1)). Pd footprint is pointed out by the accumulation index calculated for earthworms and plant communities even though transfer coefficients indicate the absence of bioaccumulation (TCs < 1). An indirect longer range transfer of Pd is identified, induced by hydric transport of organic matter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Clément
- IFSTTAR, Centre de Nantes, Route de Bouaye, CS4, 44344, Bouguenais cedex, France
- ADEME, 20 avenue du Grésillé, BP 90406, 49001, Angers cedex 01, France
| | - B Muresan
- IFSTTAR, Centre de Nantes, Route de Bouaye, CS4, 44344, Bouguenais cedex, France
| | - M Hedde
- UMR Ecosys, INRA/AgroParisTech, RD 10, 78026, Versailles cedex, France
| | - D François
- IFSTTAR, Centre de Nantes, Route de Bouaye, CS4, 44344, Bouguenais cedex, France.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Immobilization of biogenic Pd(0) in anaerobic granular sludge for the biotransformation of recalcitrant halogenated pollutants in UASB reactors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:1427-1436. [PMID: 26481621 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7055-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The capacity of anaerobic granular sludge to reduce Pd(II), using ethanol as electron donor, in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was demonstrated. Results confirmed complete reduction of Pd(II) and immobilization as Pd(0) in the granular sludge. The Pd-enriched sludge was further evaluated regarding biotransformation of two recalcitrant halogenated pollutants: 3-chloro-nitrobenzene (3-CNB) and iopromide (IOP) in batch and continuous operation in UASB reactors. The superior removal capacity of the Pd-enriched biomass when compared with the control (not exposed to Pd) was demonstrated in both cases. Results revealed 80 % of IOP removal efficiency after 100 h of incubation in batch experiments performed with Pd-enriched biomass whereas only 28 % of removal efficiency was achieved in incubations with biomass lacking Pd. The UASB reactor operated with the Pd-enriched biomass achieved 81 ± 9.5 % removal efficiency of IOP and only 61 ± 8.3 % occurred in the control reactor lacking Pd. Regarding 3-CNB, it was demonstrated that biogenic Pd(0) promoted both nitro-reduction and dehalogenation resulting in the complete conversion of 3-CNB to aniline while in the control experiment only nitro-reduction was documented. The complete biotransformation pathway of both contaminants was proposed by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analysis evidencing a higher degree of nitro-reduction and dehalogenation of both contaminants in the experiments with Pd-enriched anaerobic sludge as compared with the control. A biotechnological process is proposed to recover Pd(II) from industrial streams and to immobilize it in anaerobic granular sludge. The Pd-enriched biomass is also proposed as a biocatalyst to achieve the biotransformation of recalcitrant compounds in UASB reactors.
Collapse
|
38
|
Westerhoff P, Lee S, Yang Y, Gordon GW, Hristovski K, Halden RU, Herckes P. Characterization, Recovery Opportunities, and Valuation of Metals in Municipal Sludges from U.S. Wastewater Treatment Plants Nationwide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:9479-88. [PMID: 25581264 DOI: 10.1021/es505329q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
U.S. sewage sludges were analyzed for 58 regulated and nonregulated elements by ICP-MS and electron microscopy to explore opportunities for removal and recovery. Sludge/water distribution coefficients (KD, L/kg dry weight) spanned 5 orders of magnitude, indicating significant metal accumulation in biosolids. Rare-earth elements and minor metals (Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) detected in sludges showed enrichment factors (EFs) near unity, suggesting dust or soils as likely dominant sources. In contrast, most platinum group elements (i.e., Ru, Rh, Pd, Pt) showed high EF and KD values, indicating anthropogenic sources. Numerous metallic and metal oxide colloids (<100-500 nm diameter) were detected; the morphology of abundant aggregates of primary particles measuring <100 nm provided clues to their origin. For a community of 1 million people, metals in biosolids were valued at up to US$13 million annually. A model incorporating a parameter (KD × EF × $Value) to capture the relative potential for economic value from biosolids revealed the identity of the 13 most lucrative elements (Ag, Cu, Au, P, Fe, Pd, Mn, Zn, Ir, Al, Cd, Ti, Ga, and Cr) with a combined value of US $280/ton of sludge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Westerhoff
- †School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-3005, United States
| | - Sungyun Lee
- †School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-3005, United States
| | - Yu Yang
- †School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-3005, United States
| | - Gwyneth W Gordon
- ‡School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1404, United States
| | - Kiril Hristovski
- §The Polytechnic School, Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering, Arizona State University, Peralta Hall 330A, 7171 E. Sonoran Arroyo Mall, Mesa, Arizona 85212-2180, United States
| | - Rolf U Halden
- †School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-3005, United States
- ∥Center for Environmental Security, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Security and Defense Systems Initiative, 781 E. Terrace Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5904, United States
| | - Pierre Herckes
- ⊥Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Schwab F, Zhai G, Kern M, Turner A, Schnoor JL, Wiesner MR. Barriers, pathways and processes for uptake, translocation and accumulation of nanomaterials in plants – Critical review. Nanotoxicology 2015; 10:257-78. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1048326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Schwab
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC, USA, and
| | - Guangshu Zhai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Meaghan Kern
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Amalia Turner
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC, USA, and
| | - Jerald L. Schnoor
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mark R. Wiesner
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,
- Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, NC, USA, and
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zereini F, Wiseman CLS, Vang M, Albers P, Schneider W, Schindl R, Leopold K. The influence of ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) on the transformation and solubility of metallic palladium and palladium(II) oxide in the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2015; 17:915-921. [PMID: 25816200 DOI: 10.1039/c5em00078e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The environmental occurrence of elevated concentrations of platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd) and rhodium (Rh) from automotive catalytic converters has been well-documented. Limited information exists regarding their chemical behavior post-emission, however, especially in the presence of commonly occurring complexing agents. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of ethylenediamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) on the possible environmental transformation and solubility of Pd by conducting batch experiments using metallic palladium (Pd black) and palladium(ii) oxide (PdO). Changes in the particle surface chemistry of treated samples were analyzed using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Transition Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (TEM/EDX) techniques. Metallic palladium was partially transformed into PdOx (x < 1), while PdO remained largely unaffected. The pH of EDTA solutions was observed to modulate Pd solubility, with Pd black demonstrating a higher solubility compared to PdO. Solubility was also found to increase with a corresponding increase in the strength of EDTA solution concentrations, as well as with the length of extraction time. The overall solubility of Pd remained relatively low for most samples (<1 wt%). A dissolution rate of 2.01 ± 0.17 nmol m(-2) h(-1) was calculated for Pd black in 0.1 M EDTA (pH 7). In contrast to previously held assumptions about the environmental immobility of Pd, small amounts of this element emitted in metallic form are likely to be soluble in the presence of complexing agents such as EDTA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fathi Zereini
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Altenhöferallee 1, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ronchini M, Cherchi L, Cantamessa S, Lanfranchi M, Vianelli A, Gerola P, Berta G, Fumagalli A. Palladium uptake by Pisum sativum: partitioning and effects on growth and reproduction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:7600-11. [PMID: 25639246 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Environmental palladium levels are increasing because of anthropogenic activities. The considerable mobility of the metal, due to solubilisation phenomena, and its known bioavailability may indicate interactions with higher organisms. The aim of the study was to determine the Pd uptake and distribution in the various organs of the higher plant Pisum sativum and the metal-induced effects on its growth and reproduction. P. sativum was grown in vermiculite with a modified Hoagland's solution of nutrients in the presence of Pd at concentrations ranging 0.10-25 mg/L. After 8-10 weeks in a controlled environment room, plants were harvested and dissected to isolate the roots, stems, leaves, pods and peas. The samples were analysed for Pd content using AAS and SEM-EDX. P. sativum absorbed Pd, supplied as K₂PdCl₄, beginning at seed germination and continuing throughout its life. Minimal doses (0.10-1.0 mg Pd/L) severely inhibited pea reproductive processes while showing a peculiar hormetic effect on root development. Pd concentrations ≥1 mg/L induced developmental delay, with late growth resumption, increased leaf biomass (up to 25%) and a 15-20% reduction of root mass. Unsuccessful repeated blossoming efforts led to misshapen pods and no seed production. Photosynthesis was also disrupted. The absorbed Pd (ca. 0.5 % of the supplied metal) was primarily fixed in the root, specifically in the cortex, reaching concentrations up to 200 μg/g. The metal moved through the stem (up to 1 μg/g) to the leaves (2 μg/g) and pods (0.3 μg/g). The presence of Pd in the pea fruits, together with established evidence of environmental Pd accumulation and bioavailability, suggests possible contamination of food plants and propagation in the food chain and must be the cause for concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ronchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Teoriche e Applicate, Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, via J. H. Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ruchter N, Sures B. Distribution of platinum and other traffic related metals in sediments and clams (Corbicula sp.). WATER RESEARCH 2015; 70:313-324. [PMID: 25543241 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Platinum is part of traffic-emitted metals since the introduction of automotive catalyst converters. Still, automobile emissions are one of the major sources for metals in European river systems. However, field data on Pt is scarce and there is a lack of knowledge concerning the distribution and biological availability of Pt. Therefore, the distribution of traffic related metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Pt, and Zn) was analyzed in sediment samples and in the Asian clam Corbicula sp. Samples were taken from three transects following road runoff inlets. Pt was introduced into the river by road runoff. The highest Pt concentrations in sediments were analyzed in the silt/clay fraction (45 ng/g), while the highest total Pt burden was obtained for the sand fraction, that makes up more than 60% of the sediment. Metal concentrations were related to the area of the drained street section as well as to their distance from the discharge point, and to grain size distribution within the sediment. Pt and other traffic related metals were accumulated by clams. Due to the feeding behavior of the freshwater mussel Corbicula sp. Pt concentrations in the soft tissue remain relatively low (max Pt concentration: 1.3 ng/g freeze dried soft tissue) and acute lethal or toxic effects therefore appear to be unlikely. Nonetheless, chronic exposure effects still have to be examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Ruchter
- Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Bernd Sures
- Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Laboratory Studies on the Uptake and Bioaccumulation of PGE by Aquatic Plants and Animals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-44559-4_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
44
|
Rauch S, Fatoki OS. Impact of Platinum Group Element Emissions from Mining and Production Activities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-44559-4_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
45
|
Awual MR, Hasan MM. Fine-tuning mesoporous adsorbent for simultaneous ultra-trace palladium(II) detection, separation and recovery. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
46
|
Figueiredo AMG, Ribeiro AP. Brazilian PGE Research Data Survey on Urban and Roadside Soils. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-44559-4_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
|
47
|
|
48
|
Morton-Bermea O, Amador-Muñoz O, Martínez-Trejo L, Hernández-Álvarez E, Beramendi-Orosco L, García-Arreola ME. Platinum in PM2.5 of the metropolitan area of Mexico City. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2014; 36:987-994. [PMID: 24729077 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-014-9613-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The increase in platinum (Pt) in the airborne particulate matter with size ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5) in urban environments may be interpreted as result of the abrasion and deterioration of automobile catalyst. Nowadays, about four million vehicles in Mexico City use catalytic converters, which means that their impact should be considered. In order to evaluate the contribution of Pt to environmental pollution of the metropolitan area of Mexico City (MAMC), airborne PM2.5 was collected at five different sites in the urban area (NW, NE, C, SW, SE) in 2011 during April (dry-warm season), August (rainy season) and December (dry-cold season). Analytical determinations were carried out using a ICP-MS with a collision cell and kinetic energy discrimination. The analytical and instrument performance was evaluated with standard road dust reference material (BCR-723). Median Pt concentration in the analyzed particulate was is 38.4 pg m(-3) (minimal value 1 pg m(-3) maximal value 79 pg m(-3)). Obtained Pt concentrations are higher than those reported for other urban areas. Spatial variation shows that SW had Pt concentration significantly higher than NW and C only. Seasonal variation shows that Pt median was higher in rainy season than in both dry seasons. A comparison of these results with previously reported data of PM10 from 1991 and 2003 in the same studied area shows a worrying increase in the concentration of Pt in the air environment of MAMC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ofelia Morton-Bermea
- Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04150, Mexico, DF, Mexico,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Pawlak J, Łodyga-Chruścińska E, Chrustowicz J. Fate of platinum metals in the environment. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2014; 28:247-54. [PMID: 24809664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
For many years now automotive exhaust catalysts have been used to reduce the significant amounts of harmful chemical substances generated by car engines, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and aromatic hydrocarbons. Although they considerably decrease environmental contamination with the above-mentioned compounds, it is known that catalysts contribute to the environmental load of platinum metals (essential components of catalysts), which are released with exhaust fumes. Contamination with platinum metals stems mainly from automotive exhaust converters, but other major sources also exist. Since platinum group elements (PGEs): platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), rhodium (Rh), ruthenium (Ru) and iridium (Ir) seem to spread in the environment and accumulate in living organisms, they may pose a threat to animals and humans. This paper discusses the modes and forms of PGE emission as well as their impact on the environment and living organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Pawlak
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Łodyga-Chruścińska
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Jakub Chrustowicz
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, ul. Stefanowskiego 4/10, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Giussani B, Roncoroni S, Nemenyi A, Dal Santo V, Monticelli D, Recchia S. Anodic Stripping Tin Titration: A Method for the Voltammetric Determination of Platinum at Trace Levels. Anal Chem 2014; 86:6654-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac501349y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Giussani
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università degli studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio, 11-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Simone Roncoroni
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università degli studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio, 11-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Anna Nemenyi
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università degli studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio, 11-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Vladimiro Dal Santo
- CNR—Istituto
di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari, Via Golgi, 19-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Damiano Monticelli
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università degli studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio, 11-22100 Como, Italy
| | - Sandro Recchia
- Dipartimento
di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università degli studi dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio, 11-22100 Como, Italy
| |
Collapse
|