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Bhukya N, Hazarika S, Rangappa K, Thakuria D, Narzari R, Debnath S. Comparative stress physiological analysis of aluminium stress tolerance of indigenous maize ( Zea mays L.) cultivars of eastern Himalaya. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31570. [PMID: 38828317 PMCID: PMC11140720 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Yield potential of maize having distinct genetic diversity in Eastern Himalayan Region (EHR) hill ecologies is often limited by Al toxicity caused due to soil acidity. Stress physiological analysis of local check exposed to 0-300 μM Al under sand culture revealed that 150 μM Al as critical and 200 μM Al as tolerable limit. Increase in Al from 0 to 300 μM reduced total chlorophyll, carotenoids by 74.8 % and 44.7 % respectively and enhanced anthocyanin by 35.3 % whereas LA, SLW and SL have reduced by 81.3%, 21.3 % and 47.8 % respectively. R/S ratio was 51.0 and 13.7 % higher at lower Al levels (50 μM and 100 μM) and photosynthetic, transpiration rate and TDM were 62.5 %, 42.9 % and 78.6 % lower at higher Al (300 μM) as compared to control. TRL, RSA, RDW and RV at higher Al (300 μM) were 92.6 %, 98.7 %, 78.7 and 97.5 % lower over control respectively. Root and shoot Al and PUpE at higher Al (300 μM) was 194.0, 69.2 and 830 % higher whereas PUE decreased to 88.5 % over control. Evaluation of 31 indigenous maize cultivars at 0, 150, and 250 μM Al in sand culture, alongside tolerance scoring and assessment, revealed that Megha-9, Megha-10, and MZM-19 exhibits high Al tolerance, Megha-1, MZM-22, and MZM-42 demonstrated moderate tolerance, whereas Uruapara, Sublgarh, and BRL Para were identified as Al-sensitive. Stress physiological parameters like SDW, TDM, TRL, SL and LA contributed 46.02 % of variability to PC1, whereas A, RV, RSA, anthocyanin and Chlorophyll_b, contributed 13.56 % of variability to PC2. Highest values of CMS, SL, LP, LA, TRL and anthocyanin were recorded in cluster I having sensitive cultivars while highest CMS, SL, LA, LP, TRL and RSA were found in cluster II having moderately tolerant cultivars and highest mean values for TRL, RSA, LP, LA, CMS and SL were recorded in cluster III having highly Al stress tolerant cultivars. The traits viz., A, RV, RSA, anthocyanin and Chlorophyll_b, total chlorophyll and TDM were emanated as physio-morphological for assessing Al toxicity stress tolerance in Maize with high divergence values. Tolerant cultivars showing 63.4 % and 22.4 % higher anthocyanin at 150 μM Al and 250 μM Al than moderately tolerant one in acid soil experiment with increased root Al, shoot Al, root P and shoot P by 42.6 %, 11 %, 95.1 % and 34 % respectively were emerged as promising for novel maize improvement under acid soils of EHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naresh Bhukya
- School of Natural Resource Management, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University, Umiam, Meghalaya-793103, India
| | - Samarendra Hazarika
- Division of System Research and Engineering, ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya-793103, India
| | - Krishnappa Rangappa
- Division of Crop Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya-793103, India
| | - Dwipendra Thakuria
- School of Natural Resource Management, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University, Umiam, Meghalaya-793103, India
| | - Rumi Narzari
- Division of System Research and Engineering, ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya-793103, India
- Division of Crop Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya-793103, India
| | - Supriya Debnath
- Division of Crop Sciences, ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya-793103, India
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Mahmud K, Weitz H, H. Kritzler U, Burslem DFRP. External aluminium supply regulates photosynthesis and carbon partitioning in the Al-accumulating tropical shrub Melastoma malabathricum. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297686. [PMID: 38507439 PMCID: PMC10954143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Aluminium (Al) is toxic to most plants, but recent research has suggested that Al addition may stimulate growth and nutrient uptake in some species capable of accumulating high tissue Al concentrations. The physiological basis of this growth response is unknown, but it may be associated with processes linked to the regulation of carbon assimilation and partitioning by Al supply. To test alternative hypotheses for the physiological mechanism explaining this response, we examined the effects of increasing Al concentrations in the growth medium on tissue nutrient concentrations and carbon assimilation in two populations of the Al-accumulator Melastoma malabathricum. Compared to seedlings grown in a control nutrient solution containing no Al, mean rates of photosynthesis and respiration increased by 46% and 27%, respectively, total non-structural carbohydrate concentrations increased by 45%, and lignin concentration in roots decreased by 26% when seedlings were grown in a nutrient solution containing 2.0 mM Al. The concentrations of P, Ca and Mg in leaves and stems increased by 31%, 22%, and 26%, respectively, in response to an increase in nutrient solution Al concentration from 0 to 2.0 mM. Elemental concentrations in roots increased for P (114%), Mg (61%) and K (5%) in response to this increase in Al concentration in the nutrient solution. Plants derived from an inherently faster-growing population had a greater relative increase in final dry mass, net photosynthetic and respiration rates and total non-structural carbohydrate concentrations in response to higher external Al supply. We conclude that growth stimulation by Al supply is associated with increases in photosynthetic and respiration rates and enhanced production of non-structural carbohydrates that are differentially allocated to roots, as well as stimulation of nutrient uptake. These responses suggest that internal carbon assimilation is up-regulated to provide the necessary resources of non-structural carbohydrates for uptake, transport and storage of Al in Melastoma malabathricum. This physiological mechanism has only been recorded previously in one other plant species, Camellia sinensis, which last shared a common ancestor with M. malabathricum more than 120 million years ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairil Mahmud
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Crop Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Bioscience, Biodiversity Unit, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Hedda Weitz
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Ully H. Kritzler
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Chai S, Jiang H, Yang Y, Pan X, Zou R, Tang J, Chen Z, Zeng D, Wei X. Photosynthetic physiological characteristics, growth performance, and element concentrations reveal the calcicole-calcifuge behaviors of three Camellia species. Open Life Sci 2024; 19:20220835. [PMID: 38585630 PMCID: PMC10997145 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
We grew three yellow Camellia species (the calcifuge C. nitidissima and C. tunghinensis, and the calcicole C. pubipetala) in acidic and calcareous soils for 7 months and assessed their photosynthetic physiological characteristics, growth performance, and element concentrations in this developmental context. The calcifuge C. nitidissima and C. tunghinensis species exhibited poor growth with leaf chlorosis, growth stagnation, and root disintegration in calcareous soils, and with their P n, G s, T r, F v/F m, ΦPSII, ETR, qP, leaf Chla, Chlb, and Chl(a + b) concentrations, and root, stem, leaf, and total biomass being significantly lower when grown in calcareous soils relative to in acidic soils. In contrast, the calcicole C. pubipetala grew well in both acidic and calcareous soils, with few differences in the above parameters between these two soil substrates. The absorption and/or transportation of nutrient elements such as N, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe by the two calcifuge Camellia species plants grown in calcareous soils were restrained. Soil type plays a major role in the failure of the two calcifuge Camellia species to establish themselves in calcareous soils, whereas other factors such as competition and human activity are likely more important limiting factors in the reverse case. This study furthers our understanding of the factors influencing the distribution of these rare and endangered yellow Camellia species, allowing for improved management of these species in conservation projects and horticultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengfeng Chai
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin541006, China
| | - Haidu Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin541006, China
| | - Yishan Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin541006, China
| | - Xinfeng Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin541006, China
| | - Rong Zou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin541006, China
| | - Jianmin Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin541006, China
| | - Zongyou Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin541006, China
| | - Danjuan Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin541006, China
| | - Xiao Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin541006, China
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Wei X, Zhu Y, Xie W, Ren W, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Dai S, Huang CF. H2O2 negatively regulates aluminum resistance via oxidation and degradation of the transcription factor STOP1. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:688-708. [PMID: 37936326 PMCID: PMC10896299 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) stress triggers the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in roots. However, whether H2O2 plays a regulatory role in aluminum resistance remains unclear. In this study, we show that H2O2 plays a crucial role in regulation of Al resistance, which is modulated by the mitochondrion-localized pentatricopeptide repeat protein REGULATION OF ALMT1 EXPRESSION 6 (RAE6). Mutation in RAE6 impairs the activity of complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, resulting in the accumulation of H2O2 and increased sensitivity to Al. Our results suggest that higher H2O2 concentrations promote the oxidation of SENSITIVE TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY 1 (STOP1), an essential transcription factor that promotes Al resistance, thereby promoting its degradation by enhancing the interaction between STOP1 and the F-box protein RAE1. Conversely, decreasing H2O2 levels or blocking the oxidation of STOP1 leads to greater STOP1 stability and increased Al resistance. Moreover, we show that the thioredoxin TRX1 interacts with STOP1 to catalyze its chemical reduction. Thus, our results highlight the importance of H2O2 in Al resistance and regulation of STOP1 stability in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yifang Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenxiang Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Weiwei Ren
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Shaojun Dai
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Chao-Feng Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Key Laboratory of Plant Design, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Shu P, Gong X, Du Y, Han Y, Jin S, Wang Z, Qian P, Li X. Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Photosynthesis in Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata in Terms of Prompt Fluorescence, Delayed Fluorescence, and Modulated Reflection at 820 nm. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:622. [PMID: 38475467 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The effects of simulated acid rain (SAR) on the photosynthetic performance of subtropical coniferous species have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we treated two coniferous species, Pinus massoniana (PM) and Cunninghamia lanceolata (CL), with four gradients of SAR and then analyzed their photosynthetic activities through measurements of gas exchange, prompt fluorescence (PF), delayed fluorescence (DF), and modulated reflection at 820 nm (MR820). Gas exchange analysis indicated that the decrease in the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in PM and CL was unrelated to stomatal factors. For the PF transients, SAR induced positive K-band and L-band, a significant reduction in photosynthetic performance index (PIABS), the quantum yield of electron transfer per unit cross-section (ETO/CSm), and maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm). Analysis of the MR820 kinetics showed that the re-reduction kinetics of PSI reaction center (P700+) and plastocyanin (PC+) became slower and occurred at later times under SAR treatment. For the DF signals, a decrease in the amplitude of the DF induction curve reduced the maximum value of DF (I1). These results suggested that SAR obstructed photosystem II (PSII) donor-side and acceptor-side electron transfer capacity, impaired the connectivity between PSII and PSI, and destroyed the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). However, PM was better able to withstand SAR stress than CL, likely because of the activation of a protective mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhou Shu
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Xiaofei Gong
- Ecological Forestry Development Center of Suichang County, Lishui 323300, China
| | - Yanlei Du
- Environmental Protection Monitoring Station of Changxing County, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Yini Han
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Songheng Jin
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Zhongxu Wang
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Penghong Qian
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
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6
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Patel KU, Kanzariya DB, Chaudhary MY, Jana A, Pati RK, Das S, Pal TK. Fluorescent MOF and Its Gel Composite for the Fluorescence Recovery "Turn-On" Detection of Al 3+ Ions and "Turn-Off" Detection of Oxo-Anions. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2352-2362. [PMID: 38267375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of smart sensors is of great significance for the selectivity, sensitivity, and ability to show the low detection limit for the target analyte. Here, we have used the linker H2L (5-((anthracen-9-ylmethyl)amino)isophthalic acid) for the construction of {[Cd(L)(DMF)(H2O)2]·H2O}n (1) which is in order with the chromophore anthracene moiety and the free -NH functionality as a guest interaction site. This framework showed the luminescence recovery "turn-on" detection of the Al3+ ion in an aqueous solution. An exhaustive mechanism study disclosed that the Lewis acid-base-type interaction between the Al3+ ion and the -NH functionality of the linker in the framework revealed that the absorbance caused an enhancement for the "turn-on" sensing event. Besides the "turn-on" sensing event, the "turn-off" sensing phenomenon of 1 is also noticed when it detects the hazardous oxo-anions (MnO4- and CrO42-) with limit of detection values of 17.08 and 19.91 ppb, respectively. The detection of these diverse analytes are very fast (10 s) and they can also be recognized through a colorimetric response. The sensing mechanisms for these analytes are established by photoinduced electron transfer, Forster resonance energy transfer, and inert filter effect along with theoretical investigation. Furthermore, to show the sensing application of 1 in a versatile podium, a MOF gel composite, 1@AA (AA = Agar-Agar), was developed from 1 with AA. Interestingly, 1@AA showed the colorimetric detection of these analytes under UV light. Therefore, sensor 1 behaves as a smart sensory material for the recognition of the above analytes through a simultaneous "turn-on" and "turn-off" effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krupa U Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar 382426, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Meetkumar Y Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar 382426, Gujarat, India
| | - Achintya Jana
- Central Instrumentation Facility, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar 382055, Gujarat, India
| | - Ranjan Kumar Pati
- Department of Chemistry, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar 382426, Gujarat, India
| | - Sourav Das
- Department of Basic Sciences, Chemistry Discipline, Institute of Infrastructure Technology Research and Management, Ahmedabad 380026, Gujarat, India
| | - Tapan K Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar 382426, Gujarat, India
- Department of Chemistry, Bajkul Milani Mahavidalaya, Bajkul 721655, West Bengal, India
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Avisar D, Azulay S, Bombonato L, Carvalho D, Dallapicolla H, de Souza C, Dos Santos A, Dias T, Galan MP, Galvao M, Gonsalves JM, Gonzales E, Graça R, Livne S, Mafia R, Manoeli A, May M, Menezes TRD, Pinheiro AC, Porto A, Rocha C, Schafer A, Schafer B, Zauza E, Silva W. Safety Assessment of the CP4 EPSPS and NPTII Proteins in Eucalyptus. GM CROPS & FOOD 2023; 14:1-14. [PMID: 37334790 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2023.2222436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate herbicide treatment is essential to sustainable Eucalyptus plantation management in Brazil. Eucalyptus is highly sensitive to glyphosate, and Suzano/FuturaGene has genetically modified eucalyptus to tolerate glyphosate, with the aim of both protecting eucalyptus trees from glyphosate application damage and improving weed management. This study presents the biosafety results of the glyphosate-tolerant eucalyptus event 751K032, which expresses the selection marker neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII) enzyme and CP4-EPSPS, a glyphosate-tolerant variant of plant 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase enzyme. The transgenic genetically modified (GM) event 751K032 behaved in the plantations like conventional non-transgenic eucalyptus clone, FGN-K, and had no effects on arthropods and soil microorganisms. The engineered NPTII and CP4 EPSPS proteins were heat-labile, readily digestible, and according to the bioinformatics analyses, unlikely to cause an allergenic or toxic reaction in humans or animals. This assessment of the biosafety of the glyphosate-tolerant eucalyptus event 751K032 concludes that it is safe to be used for wood production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lorena Bombonato
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | - Denise Carvalho
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | | | - Carla de Souza
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiane Dias
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | | | - Milton Galvao
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | | | - Esteban Gonzales
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Graça
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mike May
- R&D, FuturaGene Israel Ltd, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | | | - Antonio Porto
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | - Carolina Rocha
- Suzano S.A. (FuturaGene - Biotech Division), Itapetininga, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - William Silva
- W J Silva Consultoria Agricola S/C LTDA, Jardinópolis, Brazil
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Zhang L, Guan Q, Jiang J, Khan MS. Tannin complexation with metal ions and its implication on human health, environment and industry: An overview. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127485. [PMID: 37863140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Tannins, also known as plant polyphenols (PPs), are secondary metabolites widely existing in higher plants and are a kind of natural renewable resource with wide distribution, variety and quantity. Tannin has become an important class of fine chemicals due to the easily modified molecular structure and the properties of antibacterial and antioxidant, combining with protein and complexing with metal ion. Besides being used for tanning leather, tannins are also widely used in wood adhesive, concrete water-reducing agents, oil drilling fluid viscosity-reducing agents, pharmaceutical, mineral processing, water treatment, gas desulfurization, metal anticorrosion, wood anticorrosion, printing and dyeing, liquor clarification, oil antioxidant, daily chemical products and other products preparation. There are two groups of tannins: condensed tannins (CTs) (flavonoid-derived proanthocyanidins) and hydrolysable tannins (HTs) (gallic acid ester-derived). Tannins can form complexes with metals through the ortho-dihydroxyphenolic group(s), especially with transition metals. The structure-activity relationships, stoichiometry, and origin of the insolubility of which were emphasized. Furthermore, this paper proposed an in-depth discussion of the associations of tannins-metal complexes in human health, environment and industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Zhang
- Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Qinhao Guan
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Jianchun Jiang
- Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Mohd Shahnawaz Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang N, Ye X, Gao Y, Liu G, Liu Z, Zhang Q, Liu E, Sun S, Ren X, Jia Z, Siddique KHM, Zhang P. Environment and agricultural practices regulate enhanced biochar-induced soil carbon pools and crop yield: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167290. [PMID: 37742948 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Using biochar in agriculture to enhance soil carbon storage and productivity has been recognized as an effective means of carbon sequestration. However, the effects on crop yield and soil carbon and nitrogen can vary depending on environmental conditions, field management, and biochar conditions. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to identify the factors contributing to these inconsistencies. We found that biochar application significantly increased soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), easily oxidized carbon (EOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), total nitrogen (TN), and the C:N ratio in topsoil (0-20 cm) and crop yields. Biochar was most effective in tropical regions, increasing SOC, Soil TN, and crop yield the most, with relatively moderate pyrolysis temperatures (550-650 °C) more conducive to SOC accumulation and relatively low pyrolysis temperatures (<350 °C) more conducive to increasing soil carbon components and crop yields. Biochar made from manure effectively increased soil carbon components and TN. Soil with low fertility (original SOC < 5 g kg-1; original TN < 0.6 g kg-1), coarse texture, and acidity (pH < 5.5) showed more effective results. However, biochar application rates should not be too high and should be combined with appropriate nitrogen fertilizer. And biochar application had long-term positive effects on soil carbon storage and crop yield. Overall, we recommend using small amounts of biochar with lower pyrolysis temperatures in soils with low fertility, coarse texture, and tropical regions for optimal economic and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanhai Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu Ye
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gaoxiang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qilin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Enke Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shikun Sun
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolong Ren
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhikuan Jia
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth WA6001, Australia
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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10
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Liu C, Cheng H, Wang S, Yu D, Wei Y. Physiological and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals That Melatonin Alleviates Aluminum Toxicity in Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17221. [PMID: 38139053 PMCID: PMC10743983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the most common factor limiting the growth of alfalfa in acidic soil conditions. Melatonin (MT), a significant pleiotropic molecule present in both plants and animals, has shown promise in mitigating Al toxicity in various plant species. This study aims to elucidate the underlying mechanism by which melatonin alleviates Al toxicity in alfalfa through a combined physiological and transcriptomic analysis. The results reveal that the addition of 5 μM melatonin significantly increased alfalfa root length by 48% and fresh weight by 45.4% compared to aluminum treatment alone. Moreover, the 5 μM melatonin application partially restored the enlarged and irregular cell shape induced by aluminum treatment, resulting in a relatively compact arrangement of alfalfa root cells. Moreover, MT application reduces Al accumulation in alfalfa roots and shoots by 28.6% and 27.6%, respectively. Additionally, MT plays a crucial role in scavenging Al-induced excess H2O2 by enhancing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT), consequently reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. More interestingly, the RNA-seq results reveal that MT application significantly upregulates the expression of xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) and carbon metabolism-related genes, including those involved in the glycolysis process, as well as sucrose and starch metabolism, suggesting that MT application may mitigate Al toxicity by facilitating the binding of Al to the cell walls, thereby reducing intracellular Al accumulation, and improving respiration and the content of sucrose and trehalose. Taken together, our study demonstrates that MT alleviates Al toxicity in alfalfa by reducing Al accumulation and restoring redox homeostasis. These RNA-seq results suggest that the alleviation of Al toxicity by MT may occur through its influence on cell wall composition and carbon metabolism. This research advances our understanding of the mechanisms underlying MT's effectiveness in mitigating Al toxicity, providing a clear direction for our future investigations into the underlying mechanisms by which MT alleviates Al toxicity in alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dashi Yu
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (C.L.); (H.C.); (S.W.)
| | - Yunmin Wei
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (C.L.); (H.C.); (S.W.)
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11
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Dou C, Qi C. Rhizospheric Precipitation of Manganese by Phosphate: A Novel Strategy to Enhance Mn Tolerance in the Hyperaccumulator Phytolacca americana. TOXICS 2023; 11:977. [PMID: 38133377 PMCID: PMC10747473 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11120977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) exclusion in the Mn hyperaccumulator pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) was investigated. Hydroponic experiments were carried out to observe the responses of pokeweeds continually exposed to high levels of Mn. In this study, crystals were observed to appear firstly on the root hair, and soon after, more crystals appeared on the root surface, and crystals of Mn phosphate were observed to appear on the root surface in a time sequence negatively correlated with the number of leaves treated with 5 mM Mn. Crystals were identified via phase analysis of X-ray diffraction and element analysis, and these white insoluble crystals were identified using XRD to be Mn phosphate, with the molecular formula (Mn,Fe)3(PO4)2·4H2O. The nutrient solution pH increased from 4.5 to about 5.6 before the crystals appeared. Mn phosphate crystals appeared in all solutions except those without phosphate and emerged earlier in the solutions containing no Fe. Compared with control group, pokeweed accumulated much more Mn in the leaves when treated without phosphate or Fe. The present study suggests that pokeweed can exclude Mn by means of rhizosphere precipitation by phosphate to form Mn phosphate crystals that accumulate on the root surface. Although the detailed mechanism requires further investigation, this study provides the first direct evidence of a novel strategy to inhibit Mn uptake in the roots of a hyperaccumulator in a P-enriched environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cuicui Qi
- Anhui Provincial Academy of Eco-Environmental Science Research, Hefei 230061, China;
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12
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Liu J, Khan S, Hu Y, Yin L, Huang J. Physiological mechanisms of exogenous organic acids to alleviate aluminum toxicity in seedlings of mungbean, buckwheat, and rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108031. [PMID: 37734270 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
One of the major constraints for crop yield in acidic soils is the phytotoxicity of aluminum ions (Al3+), which primarily affects the roots. To mitigate the harmful effects of Al toxicity, plants use organic acids to chelate Al internally and externally. In this study, the effects of exogenous organic acids on Al toxicity in rice, mung bean, and buckwheat were investigated. Specifically, the study examined the ameliorative effect of three organic acids (oxalic acid, malic acid, and citric acid, each at a concentration of (100 μmol/L) on root elongation, fresh weight, Al content, organic acid key enzymes, and rhizosphere pH in hydroponic media containing (100 μmol/L) Al. The experimental results revealed species-specific responses to aluminum tolerance and the alleviating effects of different organic acids. Buckwheat was found to be the most aluminum-tolerant, followed by mung bean, while rice was the least tolerant. Exogenous application of oxalic acid promoted root elongation, increased root fresh weight, and enhanced the activity of the PEPC enzyme in mung bean. Malic acid, on the other hand, alleviated Al toxicity in rice by promoting root elongation, increasing root fresh weight, enhancing the activity of the PEPC enzyme, and decreasing the activity of the MDH enzyme. In buckwheat, citric acid application reduced Al toxicity by promoting root elongation, increasing root weight, and decreasing the activities of CS and GO enzymes. These findings indicate that different organic acids can reduce Al toxicity in different plant species by employing different physiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Liu
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Yue Hu
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Liyan Yin
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jiaquan Huang
- College of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572022, China.
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13
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Krasavtseva EA, Maksimova V, Makarov D. Influence of Reagents on Qualitative Indicators of Artificial Anti-Deflationary Phytocenosis on Waste from a Rare Earth Tailing Facility. TOXICS 2023; 11:629. [PMID: 37505594 PMCID: PMC10383936 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an assessment of the effect of various reagents on the qualitative indicators of anti-deflationary single-species sowing phytocenosis on enrichment waste from rare earth ores. It has been established that tailings of loparite ores are not suitable for biological reclamation due to low values of hygroscopic moisture (0.54-2.85%) and clay particles (17.6 ± 0.6%) and high content of bioavailable forms of aluminum (504 ± 14 mg/kg). Seeds of red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) were grown on the tailings of loparite ore enrichment with the addition of opoka (O), brucite (B), and vermiculite (V). The quality of the seed cenosis was assessed by the dry biomass of the above-ground parts of the plants and the plant height. A positive effect (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's HSD test (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01)) of the considered combinations of reagents on the growth of above-ground biomass from 31.5% (V) to 70.3 (V + O), 82.4% (V + B), and 81.8% (V + O+B) and on plant height from 53.8% (V) up to 78.6 (V + O), 83.8% (V + B), and 75.4% (V + O+B) was revealed. The use of a combination of V + O and V + B reagents made it possible to significantly reduce the content of Al (by 19.0% and 52.8%), Sr (by 16.5% and 12.9%), La (by 65.2% and 40.6%), and Ce (by 66.8% and 41.9%) in the aerial part of the sowing phytocenosis compared to control. The results obtained here can become the basis for development of a combined sorption technology for the reclamation of technogenically disturbed lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia A Krasavtseva
- Laboratory of Nature-Inspired Technologies and Environmental Safety of the Arctic, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman St., 14, 184209 Apatity, Russia
- Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman St., 14a, 184209 Apatity, Russia
| | - Victoria Maksimova
- Laboratory of Nature-Inspired Technologies and Environmental Safety of the Arctic, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman St., 14, 184209 Apatity, Russia
- Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman St., 14a, 184209 Apatity, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Makarov
- Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman St., 14a, 184209 Apatity, Russia
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14
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Xie W, Liu S, Gao H, Wu J, Liu D, Kinoshita T, Huang CF. PP2C.D phosphatase SAL1 positively regulates aluminum resistance via restriction of aluminum uptake in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:1498-1516. [PMID: 36823690 PMCID: PMC10231357 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity represents a primary constraint for crop production in acidic soils. Rice (Oryza sativa) is a highly Al-resistant species; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying its high Al resistance are still not fully understood. Here, we identified SAL1 (SENSITIVE TO ALUMINUM 1), which encodes a plasma membrane (PM)-localized PP2C.D phosphatase, as a crucial regulator of Al resistance using a forward genetic screen. SAL1 was found to interact with and inhibit the activity of PM H+-ATPases, and mutation of SAL1 increased PM H+-ATPase activity and Al uptake, causing hypersensitivity to internal Al toxicity. Furthermore, knockout of NRAT1 (NRAMP ALUMINUM TRANSPORTER 1) encoding an Al uptake transporter in a sal1 background rescued the Al-sensitive phenotype of sal1, revealing that coordination of Al accumulation in the cell, wall and symplasm is critical for Al resistance in rice. By contrast, we found that mutations of PP2C.D phosphatase-encoding genes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) enhanced Al resistance, which was attributed to increased malate secretion. Our results reveal the importance of PP2C.D phosphatases in Al resistance and the different strategies used by rice and Arabidopsis to defend against Al toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huiling Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Dilin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Technology in Rice Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Toshinori Kinoshita
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
| | - Chao-Feng Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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15
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Hajiboland R, Moradi A, Kahneh E, Poschenrieder C, Nazari F, Pavlovic J, Tolra R, Salehi-Lisar SY, Nikolic M. Weed Species from Tea Gardens as a Source of Novel Aluminum Hyperaccumulators. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112129. [PMID: 37299108 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Increased availability of toxic Al3+ is the main constraint limiting plant growth on acid soils. Plants adapted to acid soils, however, tolerate toxic Al3+, and some can accumulate Al in their aerial parts to a significant degree. Studies on Al-tolerant and Al-accumulating species have mainly focused on the vegetation of acid soils distributed as two global belts in the northern and southern hemispheres, while acid soils formed outside these regions have been largely neglected. The acid soils (pH 3.4-4.2) of the tea plantations in the south Caspian region of Northern Iran were surveyed over three seasons at two main locations. Aluminum and other mineral elements (including nutrients) were measured in 499 plant specimens representing 86 species from 43 families. Al accumulation exceeding the criterion for accumulator species (>1000 µg g-1 DW) was found in 36 species belonging to 23 families of herbaceous annual or perennial angiosperms, in addition to three bryophyte species. Besides Al, Fe accumulation (1026-5155 µg g-1 DW) was also observed in the accumulator species that exceeded the critical toxicity concentration, whereas no such accumulation was observed for Mn. The majority of analyzed accumulator plants (64%) were cosmopolitan or pluriregional species, with a considerable rate of Euro-Siberian elements (37%). Our findings, which may contribute to phylogenetic studies of Al accumulators, also suggest suitable accumulator and excluder species for the rehabilitation of acid-eroded soils and introduce new model species for investigating Al accumulation and exclusion mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roghieh Hajiboland
- Department of Plant, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Aiuob Moradi
- Watershed Management and Forests and Rangelands Research Department, Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht 41635-3394, Iran
| | - Ehsan Kahneh
- Tea Research Center, Iran Horticultural Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Lahijan 44159-77788, Iran
| | - Charlotte Poschenrieder
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Bioscience Faculty, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Fatemeh Nazari
- Department of Plant, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Jelena Pavlovic
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Viseslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Roser Tolra
- Plant Physiology Laboratory, Bioscience Faculty, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | | | - Miroslav Nikolic
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Viseslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia
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16
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Haruma T, Doyama K, Lu X, Noji K, Masuya H, Arima T, Tomiyama S, Yamaji K. Miscanthus sinensis contributes to the survival of Pinus densiflora seedlings at a mining site via providing a possible functional endophyte and maintaining symbiotic relationship between P. densiflora and endophytes from high soil temperature stress. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286203. [PMID: 37220165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
At a sedimentary site in an old mine site, Miscanthus sinensis formed patches, where Pinus densiflora seedlings could grow better compared with those outside the patches, indicating that M. sinensis would improve P. densiflora seedling establishment. The purpose of this study was to understand the mechanisms by which M. sinensis facilitates the survival of P. densiflora seedlings by considering the soil properties, heavy metal tolerance, and root endophytes in P. densiflora seedlings at the sedimentary site. The sedimentary site, which is a bare ground, contained high concentrations of Fe, indicating that plants should be exposed to Fe and high soil temperature stresses. Measurement of soil temperature revealed that M. sinensis suppressed sharp increases and alternation of soil temperature, resulting in reducing high soil temperature stress in P. densiflora seedlings. To adapt to the Fe stress environment, P. densiflora outside and inside the patches produced Fe detoxicants, including catechin, condensed tannin, and malic acid. Ceratobasidium bicorne and Aquapteridospora sp. were commonly isolated from P. densiflora seedlings outside and inside the patches as root endophytes, which might enhance Fe tolerance in the seedlings. Aquapteridospora sp., which is considered as a dark-septate endophyte (DSE), was also isolated from the roots of M. sinensis, suggesting that M. sinensis might play a source of a root endophyte to P. densiflora seedlings. Ceratobasidium bicorne could be classified into root endophytes showing symbiosis and weak pathogenicity to host plants. Therefore, high soil temperature stress would weaken P. densiflora seedlings, causing root endophytic C. bicorne to appear pathogenic. We suggested that P. densiflora could adapt to the Fe stress environment via producing Fe detoxicants, and M. sinensis would facilitate the establishment of P. densiflora seedlings in the sedimentary site by providing a DSE, Aquapteridospora sp., and maintaining symbiosis of C. bicorne from high soil temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikatsu Haruma
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita, Nishi, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kohei Doyama
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Xingyan Lu
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenta Noji
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hayato Masuya
- Department of Mushroom Science and Forest Microbiology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Takahiko Arima
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita, Nishi, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shingo Tomiyama
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Sustainable Resources Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita, Nishi, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Keiko Yamaji
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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17
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Jessat J, John WA, Moll H, Vogel M, Steudtner R, Drobot B, Hübner R, Stumpf T, Sachs S. Localization and chemical speciation of europium(III) in Brassica napus plants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 254:114741. [PMID: 36950990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
For the reliable safety assessment of repositories of highly radioactive waste, further development of the modelling of radionuclide migration and transfer in the environment is necessary, which requires a deeper process understanding at the molecular level. Eu(III) is a non-radioactive analogue for trivalent actinides, which contribute heavily to radiotoxicity in a repository. For in-depth study of the interaction of plants with trivalent f elements, we investigated the uptake, speciation, and localization of Eu(III) in Brassica napus plants at two concentrations, 30 and 200 µM, as a function of the incubation time up to 72 h. Eu(III) was used as luminescence probe for combined microscopy and chemical speciation analyses of it in Brassica napus plants. The localization of bioassociated Eu(III) in plant parts was explored by spatially resolved chemical microscopy. Three Eu(III) species were identified in the root tissue. Moreover, different luminescence spectroscopic techniques were applied for an improved Eu(III) species determination in solution. In addition, transmission electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy was used to localize Eu(III) in the plant tissue, showing Eu-containing aggregates. By using this multi-method setup, a profound knowledge on the behavior of Eu(III) within plants and changes in its speciation could be obtained, showing that different Eu(III) species occur simultaneously within the root tissue and in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Jessat
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Warren A John
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Henry Moll
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Manja Vogel
- HZDR Innovation GmbH, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany; VKTA - Strahlenschutz, Analytik & Entsorgung Rossendorf e.V., Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Robin Steudtner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Björn Drobot
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - René Hübner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stumpf
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanne Sachs
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany.
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18
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Feng Q, Sehar S, Zhou F, Wei D, Askri SMH, Ma Z, Adil MF, Shamsi IH. Physiological and TMT-based quantitative proteomic responses of barley to aluminium stress under phosphorus-Piriformospora indica interaction. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:634-646. [PMID: 36791535 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most important cereal crop in the world, and is also the one being seriously affected by heavy metals, particularly aluminium (Al). Keeping in view the utility of barley as food, fodder and raw material for traditional beer brewing, the top-notch quality and higher production of this crop must be sustained. Phosphorus (P) has a quintessential role in plant growth with a potential to relieve symptoms caused by Al poisoning. Displaying a phytopromotive and stress alleviatory potential, Piriformospora indica (P. indica) can improve the stress tolerance in crops. Several studies have been conducted to evaluate the mechanism of Al translocation in a variety of crops including barley, however, the bio-remediative studies related to detoxification and/or sequestration of metals are scarce. Therefore, the current study was carried out to elucidate the tolerance mechanism of an Al-sensitive barley cultivar ZU9 following the colonization with P. indica and exogenous P supply by physio-biochemical, elemental, leaf ultrastructural and root proteome analyses. When compared to the Al alone treated counterparts, the Al + P + P.i treated plants exhibited 4.1-, 1.38-, 2.7 and 1.35-fold improved root and shoot fresh and dry weights, respectively. With the provision of additional phosphorus, the content of P in the root and shoot for Al + P + P.i group was reportedly higher (71.6% and 49.5%, respectively) as compared to the control group. Moreover, inoculation of P. indica combined with P improved barley leaves' cell arrangement and also maintained normal cell wall shape. The root protemics experiment was divided into three groups: Al, Al + P.i and Al + P + P.i. In total, 28, 598, and 823 differentially expressed proteins were found in Al + P.i vs. Al and Al + P + P.i vs. Al, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was the most prominently enriched pathway, which contributed significantly to the recuperating effects of P-P. indica interaction. Conslusively, it was found that the percentage of protein related to peroxidase was 70/359 (Al + P + P.i vs. Al) and 92/447 (Al + P + P.i vs. Al + P.i), respectively, which indicated that P. indica in combination with P might be involved in the regulation of peroxidases, increasing the adaptability of barley plants by enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging mechansism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidong Feng
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shafaque Sehar
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fanrui Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Dongming Wei
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Syed Muhammad Hassan Askri
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhengxin Ma
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Faheem Adil
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Imran Haider Shamsi
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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19
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An Oxalate Transporter Gene, AtOT, Enhances Aluminum Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana by Regulating Oxalate Efflux. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054516. [PMID: 36901947 PMCID: PMC10003554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Secretion and efflux of oxalic acid from roots is an important aluminum detoxification mechanism for various plants; however, how this process is completed remains unclear. In this study, the candidate oxalate transporter gene AtOT, encoding 287 amino acids, was cloned and identified from Arabidopsis thaliana. AtOT was upregulated in response to aluminum stress at the transcriptional level, which was closely related to aluminum treatment concentration and time. The root growth of Arabidopsis was inhibited after knocking out AtOT, and this effect was amplified by aluminum stress. Yeast cells expressing AtOT enhanced oxalic acid resistance and aluminum tolerance, which was closely correlated with the secretion of oxalic acid by membrane vesicle transport. Collectively, these results underline an external exclusion mechanism of oxalate involving AtOT to enhance oxalic acid resistance and aluminum tolerance.
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20
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Aluminum accumulation in Amaranthus species and mechanisms of Al tolerance. Biologia (Bratisl) 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-023-01348-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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21
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Unraveling Amazon tree community assembly using Maximum Information Entropy: a quantitative analysis of tropical forest ecology. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2859. [PMID: 36801913 PMCID: PMC9938116 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28132-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In a time of rapid global change, the question of what determines patterns in species abundance distribution remains a priority for understanding the complex dynamics of ecosystems. The constrained maximization of information entropy provides a framework for the understanding of such complex systems dynamics by a quantitative analysis of important constraints via predictions using least biased probability distributions. We apply it to over two thousand hectares of Amazonian tree inventories across seven forest types and thirteen functional traits, representing major global axes of plant strategies. Results show that constraints formed by regional relative abundances of genera explain eight times more of local relative abundances than constraints based on directional selection for specific functional traits, although the latter does show clear signals of environmental dependency. These results provide a quantitative insight by inference from large-scale data using cross-disciplinary methods, furthering our understanding of ecological dynamics.
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22
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Nour SMF, El-Desoky AMM, Hassan NA, Osman KA. Estimated daily intake of epichlorohydrin and certain heavy metals of bagged and loose black teas. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:666-678. [PMID: 36712226 PMCID: PMC9873861 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05652-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the levels of epichlorohydrin (ECH) and some metals in 3 brands of bagged and loose black teas which are widely marketed in Alexandria markets, Egypt, and estimate the acceptable daily intake as a safety indicator. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry results revealed that ECH levels significantly differed between the tested brands steeped for 2 min and tea bags contained higher levels than in loose teas and the levels increased by increasing the steep time. These levels of ECH in all the tested brands either in tea bags or loose teas were higher than the guideline value of 0.10 μg/L. Also, the results illustrated that the adding of sucrose or washing of bags with deionized water for 1 min significantly decreased the levels of ECH. In addition, inductively coupled plasma optic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) results illustrated that the levels of Al, Pb, and Cd were too low in infusions compared to the established guidelines. Because of the high consumption of tea in Alexanria city, Egypt, it is necessary to determine the contribution of tea to the daily dietary intake of ECH, Al, Pb and Cd. In case of the bagged teas, the calculated daily intake of ECH was on average about 55.37 times greater than that in loose teas. The consumption of both bagged and loose teas infusion could not pose a risk for population as the health hazard index was < 1. It can be concluded that consumers who prefer to use tea bags should rinse these bags before preparing the tea brewer, and do not increase the steeping time to more than 2 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suheir M. F. Nour
- Department of Economic Home, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, P.O Box 21545, Al-Shatby, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amany M. M. El-Desoky
- Department of Economic Home, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, P.O Box 21545, Al-Shatby, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nagla A. Hassan
- Department of Economic Home, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, P.O Box 21545, Al-Shatby, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Khaled A. Osman
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Aflatoon St., P.O Box 21545, EL-Shatby, Alexandria, 21545 Egypt
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23
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Lin Q, Huai Z, Riaz L, Peng X, Wang S, Liu B, Yu F, Ma J. Aluminum phytotoxicity induced structural and ultrastructural changes in submerged plant Vallisneria natans. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 250:114484. [PMID: 36608570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is a concentration-dependent toxic metal found in the crust of earth that has no recognized biological use. Nonetheless, the mechanism of Al toxicity to submerged plants remains obscure, especially from a cell/subcellular structure and functional group perspective. Therefore, multiple dosages of Al3+ (0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.5 mg/L) were applied hydroponically to the submerged plant Vallisneria natans in order to determine the accumulation potential of Al at the subcellular level and their ultrastructural toxicity. More severe structural and ultrastructural damage was determined when V. natans exposed to ≥ 0.6 mg/L Al3+. In 1.2 and 1.5 mg/L Al3+ treatment groups, the total chlorophyll content of leaves significantly reduced 3.342, 3.838 mg/g FW, some leaves even exhibited chlorosis and fragility. Under 0.3 mg/L Al3+ exposure, the middle-age and young leaves were potent phytoexcluders, whereas at 1.5 mg/L Al3+, a large amount of Al could be transferred from the roots to other parts, among which the aged leaves were the most receptive tissues (7.306 mg/g). Scanning/Transmission electron microscopy analysis displayed the Al-mediated disruption of vascular bundle structure in leaf cells, intercellular space and several vegetative tissues, and demonstrated that Al in vacuole and chloroplast subcellular segregation into electron dense deposition. Al and P accumulation in the roots, stolons and leaves varied significantly among treatments and different tissues (P < 0.05). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of plant biomass also indicated possible metabolites (amine, unsaturated hydrocarbon, etc.) of V. natans that may bind Al3+. Conclusively, results revealed that Al3+ disrupts the cellular structure of leaves and roots or binds to functional groups of biological tissues, thereby affecting plant nutrient uptake and photosynthesis. Findings might have scientific and practical significance for the restoration of submerged vegetation in Al-contaminated lakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingwei Lin
- Henan Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Xinxiang 453007, China; Research Center for Ecological Management and Protection of the Yellow River Basin, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhiwen Huai
- Henan Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Luqman Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Narowal, 51750 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Xue Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shishi Wang
- Henan Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Biyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Henan Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Xinxiang 453007, China; Research Center for Ecological Management and Protection of the Yellow River Basin, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Jianmin Ma
- Henan Normal University, College of Life Sciences, Xinxiang 453007, China; Research Center for Ecological Management and Protection of the Yellow River Basin, Xinxiang 453007, China.
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24
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Liu H, Zhu R, Shu K, Lv W, Wang S, Wang C. Aluminum stress signaling, response, and adaptive mechanisms in plants. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2022; 17:2057060. [PMID: 35467484 PMCID: PMC9045826 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2057060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Over 40% of arable land in the world is acidic. Al stress has become a global agricultural problem affecting plant growth and limiting crop production in acidic soils. Plants have evolved different regulatory mechanisms of adaptation to exogenous environmental challenges, such as Al stress, by altering their growth patterns. In the past decades, several key genes involved in plant response to Al stress and the mechanism of Al detoxification have been revealed. However, the signaling pathways of plant response to Al stress and the regulatory mechanism of plant Al tolerance remain poorly understood. In this review, we summarized the findings of recent studies on the plant Al tolerance mechanism and the molecular regulation mechanism of phytohormones in response to Al stress. This review improves our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of plants in response to Al stress and provides a reference for the breeding of Al-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huabin Liu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Rong Zhu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Kai Shu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Weixiang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Song Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Chengliang Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Lab. of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
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25
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de Sousa A, AbdElgawad H, Fidalgo F, Teixeira J, Matos M, Tamagnini P, Fernandes R, Figueiredo F, Azenha M, Teles LO, Korany SM, Alsherif EA, Selim S, Beemster GTS, Asard H. Subcellular compartmentalization of aluminum reduced its hazardous impact on rye photosynthesis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120313. [PMID: 36228849 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity limits crops growth and production in acidic soils. Compared to roots, less is known about the toxic effects of Al in leaves. Al subcellular compartmentalization is also largely unknown. Using rye (Secale cereale L.) Beira (more tolerant) and RioDeva (more sensitive to Al) genotypes, we evaluated the patterns of Al accumulation in leaf cell organelles and the photosynthetic and metabolic changes to cope with Al toxicity. The tolerant genotype accumulated less Al in all organelles, except the vacuoles. This suggests that Al compartmentalization plays a role in Al tolerance of Beira genotype. PSII efficiency, stomatal conductance, pigment biosynthesis, and photosynthesis metabolism were less affected in the tolerant genotype. In the Calvin cycle, carboxylation was compromised by Al exposure in the tolerant genotype. Other Calvin cycle-related enzymes, phoshoglycerate kinase (PGK), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), triose-phosphate isomerase (TPI), and fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) activities decreased in the sensitive line after 48 h of Al exposure. Consequentially, carbohydrate and organic acid metabolism were affected in a genotype-specific manner, where sugar levels increased only in the tolerant genotype. In conclusion, Al transport to the leaf and compartmentalization in the vacuoles tolerant genotype's leaf cells provide complementary mechanisms of Al tolerance, protecting the photosynthetic apparatus and thereby sustaining growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra de Sousa
- Plant Stress Lab - GreenUPorto Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Center, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62511, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Fernanda Fidalgo
- Plant Stress Lab - GreenUPorto Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Center, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Teixeira
- Plant Stress Lab - GreenUPorto Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Center, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre s/n, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Matos
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, UTAD- University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto-Douro, Quinta dos Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula Tamagnini
- HEMS-Histology and Electron Microscopy Service, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Fernandes
- HEMS-Histology and Electron Microscopy Service, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisco Figueiredo
- HEMS-Histology and Electron Microscopy Service, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Azenha
- IQ-UP, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Oliva Teles
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Rua dos Bragas n° 289, Porto, 4050-123, Portugal
| | - Shereen Magdy Korany
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad A Alsherif
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, 62511, Beni-Suef, Egypt; Biology Department, College of Science and Arts at Khulis, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gerrit T S Beemster
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Han Asard
- Laboratory for Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, B-2020, Antwerp, Belgium
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26
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Zhao WR, Shi RY, Hong ZN, Xu RK. Critical values of soil solution Al 3+ activity and pH for canola and maize cultivation in two acidic soils. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:6984-6991. [PMID: 35679427 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aluminum (Al) toxicity caused by soil acidification is the main constraint for crop growth in tropical and subtropical areas of southern China. The critical values of soil solution Al3+ activity and pH for crops in acidic soils can provide a useful reference for soil acidity amelioration. RESULTS A pot experiment in a greenhouse was conducted to investigate the critical values of soil solution Al3+ activity and pH for canola and maize in an Ultisol and an Alfisol. The critical values of soil solution Al3+ activity in Ultisol and Alfisol for canola were 1.5 and 10.0 μmol L-1 , and 13.9 and 30.4 μmol L-1 for maize, respectively. The Al tolerance varied with soil type for the same variety of crop. There was more biomass of roots and shoots and higher plant height under the same Al3+ activity, and thus greater critical values of soil solution Al3+ activity for both crops in Alfisol than those in Ultisol, owing to higher Ca2+ /Al3+ , Mg2+ /Al3+ and K+ /Al3+ ratios in soil solution caused by higher cation exchange capacity and exchangeable base cations in Alfisol, when compared with those in Ultisol. The critical values of soil solution pH for canola and maize in Ultisol were 5.09 and 4.72, respectively; while those in Alfisol were 4.87 and 4.54, respectively. CONCLUSION The critical values of Al3+ activity were higher for maize than for canola and the critical values for both crops were higher in Alfisol than in Ultisol. The critical soil pH for both crops showed opposite trends to soil Al3+ activity. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Rui Zhao
- School of Resources and Environment, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ren-Yong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Neng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Ren-Kou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- College of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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27
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Hajiboland R, Panda CK, Lastochkina O, Gavassi MA, Habermann G, Pereira JF. Aluminum Toxicity in Plants: Present and Future. JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00344-022-10866-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
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28
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Yang Z, Zhao P, Peng W, Liu Z, Xie G, Ma X, An Z, An F. Cloning, Expression Analysis, and Functional Characterization of Candidate Oxalate Transporter Genes of HbOT1 and HbOT2 from Rubber Tree ( Hevea brasiliensis). Cells 2022; 11:cells11233793. [PMID: 36497054 PMCID: PMC9738940 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Secretion of oxalic acid from roots is an important aluminum detoxification mechanism for many plants such as Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree). However, the underlying molecular mechanism and oxalate transporter genes in plants have not yet been reported. In this study, the oxalate transporter candidate genes HbOT1 and HbOT2 from the rubber tree were cloned and preliminarily identified. It was found that HbOT1 had a full length of 1163 bp with CDS size of 792 bp, encoding 263 amino acids, and HbOT2 had a full length of 1647 bp with a CDS region length of 840 bp, encoding 279 amino acid residues. HbOT1 and HbOT2 were both stable hydrophobic proteins with transmembrane structure and SNARE_assoc domains, possibly belonging to the SNARE_assoc subfamily proteins of the SNARE superfamily. qRT-PCR assays revealed that HbOT1 and HbOT2 were constitutively expressed in different tissues, with HbOT1 highly expressed in roots, stems, barks, and latex, while HbOT2 was highly expressed in latex. In addition, the expressions of HbOT1 and HbOT2 were up-regulated in response to aluminum stress, and they were inducible by metals, such as copper and manganese. Heterologous expression of HbOT1 and HbOT2 in the yeast mutant AD12345678 enhanced the tolerance to oxalic acid and high concentration aluminum stress, which was closely correlated with the secretion of oxalic acid. This study is the first report on oxalate transporter genes in plants, which provides a theoretical reference for the study on the molecular mechanism of oxalic acid secretion to relieve aluminum toxicity and on aluminum-tolerance genetic engineering breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongming Yang
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Danzhou Agro-Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Rubber Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Pingjuan Zhao
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Wentao Peng
- Hainan Danzhou Agro-Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Rubber Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Zifan Liu
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (F.A.)
| | - Guishui Xie
- Hainan Danzhou Agro-Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Rubber Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Hainan Danzhou Agro-Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Rubber Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Zewei An
- Hainan Danzhou Agro-Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Rubber Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
| | - Feng An
- Hainan Danzhou Agro-Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Rubber Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Danzhou 571737, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (F.A.)
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Sun W, Wu G, Xu H, Wei J, Chen Y, Yao M, Zhan J, Yan J, Chen H, Bu T, Tang Z, Li Q. Malate-mediated CqMADS68 enhances aluminum tolerance in quinoa seedlings through interaction with CqSTOP6, CqALMT6 and CqWRKY88. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129630. [PMID: 35872459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) stress in acidic soils has severe negative effects on crop productivity. In this study, the alleviating effect and related mechanism of malate on Al stress in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) seedlings were investigated. The findings indicated that malate alleviated the growth inhibition of quinoa seedlings under Al stress, maintained the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant systems, and aided resistance to the damage caused by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under Al stress, malate significantly increased the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids in quinoa shoots by 103.8% and 240.7%, and significantly increased the ratios of glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and ascorbate (AsA)/dehydroascorbate (DHA) in roots by 59.9% and 699.2%, respectively. However, malate significantly decreased the superoxide radical (O2•-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) and Al contents in quinoa roots under Al stress by 32.7%, 60.9%, 63.1% and 49%, respectively. Moreover, the CqMADS family and the Al stress-responsive gene families (CqSTOP, CqALMT, and CqWRKY) were identified from the quinoa genome. Comprehensive expression profiling identified CqMADS68 as being involved in malate-mediated Al resistance. Transient overexpression of CqMADS68 increased Al tolerance in quinoa seedlings. More importantly, we found that CqMADS68 regulated the expression of CqSTOP6, CqALMT6 and CqWRKY88 and further demonstrated the interaction of CqMADS68 with CqSTOP6, CqALMT6 and CqWRKY88 by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BIFC) experiments. Moreover, transient overexpression and physiological and biochemical analyses demonstrated that CqSTOP6, CqALMT6 and CqWRKY88 could also improve Al tolerance by maintaining the antioxidant capacity of quinoa seedlings. Taken together, these findings reveal that CqMADS68, CqSTOP6, CqALMT6 and CqWRKY88 may be important contributors to the Al tolerance regulatory network in quinoa, providing new insights into Al stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Sun
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Guoming Wu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Haishen Xu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Jianglan Wei
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Ying Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Min Yao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Junyi Zhan
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Tongliang Bu
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Zizong Tang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
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30
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Zhang L, Dong D, Wang J, Wang Z, Zhang J, Bai RY, Wang X, Rubio Wilhelmi MDM, Blumwald E, Zhang N, Guo YD. A zinc finger protein SlSZP1 protects SlSTOP1 from SlRAE1-mediated degradation to modulate aluminum resistance. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:165-181. [PMID: 35739643 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In acidic soils, aluminum (Al) toxicity is the main factor inhibiting plant root development and reducing crops yield. STOP1 (SENSITIVE TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY 1) was a critical factor in detoxifying Al stress. Under Al stress, STOP1 expression was not induced, although STOP1 protein accumulated, even in the presence of RAE1 (STOP1 DEGRADATION E3-LIGASE). How the Al stress triggers and stabilises the accumulation of STOP1 is still unknown. Here, we characterised SlSTOP1-interacting zinc finger protein (SlSZP1) using a yeast-two-hybrid screening, and generated slstop1, slszp1 and slstop1/slszp1 knockout mutants using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) in tomato. SlSZP1 is induced by Al stress but it is not regulated by SlSTOP1. The slstop1, slszp1 and slstop1/slszp1 knockout mutants exhibited hypersensitivity to Al stress. The expression of SlSTOP1-targeted genes, such as SlRAE1 and SlASR2 (ALUMINUM SENSITIVE), was inhibited in both slstop1 and slszp1 mutants, but not directly regulated by SlSZP1. Furthermore, the degradation of SlSTOP1 by SlRAE1 was prevented by SlSZP1. Al stress increased the accumulation of SlSTOP1 in wild-type (WT) but not in slszp1 mutants. The overexpression of either SlSTOP1 or SlSZP1 did not enhance plant Al resistance. Altogether, our results show that SlSZP1 is an important factor for protecting SlSTOP1 from SlRAE1-mediated degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Danhui Dong
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jinfang Wang
- National Watermelon and Melon Improvement Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Zhirong Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ru-Yue Bai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuewei Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | | | - Eduardo Blumwald
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Na Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, 572000, China
| | - Yang-Dong Guo
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Niu E, Gao S, Yu X, Soleimani A, Zhu S. Comprehensive evaluation of the response to aluminum stress in olive tree ( Olea europaea L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:968499. [PMID: 35968113 PMCID: PMC9366337 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.968499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Olive (Olea europaea L.) is an ancient tree species in the Mediterranean, but the lack of knowledge about aluminum-resistant varieties limits its introduction to acidic soil. The objective of this study was to have a comprehensive evaluation of the response to aluminum stress in olive tree at germplasm, metabolome, and transcriptome levels. In this experiment, seedlings of 97 olive germplasm with 1.0-3.0 cm roots and two leaves were treated with 50 μM Al3+ (pH = 5.0). By factor analysis of the traits of defoliation rate, rooting rate, length of extended root, and length of new root, 97 germplasm were classified into five different groups according to their diverse responses to aluminum stress: 5 highly resistant (5.15%), 30 moderately resistant (30.93%), 31 general (31.96%), 23 moderately sensitive (23.71%), and 8 highly sensitive (8.25%) germplasm. The three most sensitive and three most resistant germplasm were further used for metabolome and transcriptome analysis. Exposed to aluminum stress, 96 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs)/4,845 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 66 DAMs/2,752 DEGs were identified in highly sensitive and resistant germplasm, respectively. Using multi-omics technology, the pathways and related DAMs/DEGs involved in cell wall/cytoplasm receptors, reactive oxygen species balance, hormone induction, synthesis of organic acids, Al3+ transport, and synthesis of metabolites were identified to mainly regulate the response to aluminum stress in olive. This study provides a theoretical guide and prior germplasm and genes for further genetic improvement of aluminum tolerance in the olive tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Digital Dry Land Crops of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Song Gao
- Key Laboratory of Digital Dry Land Crops of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Digital Dry Land Crops of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ali Soleimani
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Shenlong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Digital Dry Land Crops of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Crops and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Liang X, Ou Y, Zhao H, Qian R, Sun C, Lin X. Short-chain aldehydes increase aluminum retention and sensitivity by enhancing cell wall polysaccharide contents and pectin demethylation in wheat seedlings. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 433:128743. [PMID: 35366446 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Upon environmental stimuli, aldehydes are generated downstream of reactive oxygen species and thereby contribute to severe cell damage. In this study, using two wheat genotypes differing in aluminum (Al) tolerance, we investigated the effects of lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes on cell wall composition and subsequent Al-binding capacities. The spatial accumulation of Al along wheat roots was found to the generation of reactive aldehydes, which are highly localized to the apical regions of roots. Elimination of aldehydes by carnosine significantly reduced Al contents in root tips, with a concomitant alleviation of root growth inhibition. In contrast, root growth and Al accumulation were exacerbated by application of the short-chain aldehyde (E)-2-hexenal. We further confirmed that cell wall binding capacity, rather than malate efflux or pH alteration strategies, is associated with the aldehyde-induced accumulation of Al. Scavenging of lipid-derived aldehydes reduced Al accumulation in the pectin and hemicellulose 1 (HC1) fractions of root cell walls, whereas exposure to (E)-2-hexenal promoted a further accumulation of Al, particularly in the cell wall HC1 fraction of the Al-sensitive genotype. Different strategies were introduced by pectin and HC1 to accumulate Al in response to aldehydes in wheat roots. Accumulation in pectin is based on a reduction of methylation levels in response to elevated pectin methylesterase activity and gene expression, whereas that in HC1 is associated with an increase in polysaccharide contents. These findings indicate that aldehydes exacerbate Al phytotoxicity by enhancing Al retention in cell wall polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yiqun Ou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Hongcheng Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Ruyi Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Chengliang Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xianyong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Wu Q, Tao Y, Huang J, Liu YS, Yang XZ, Jing HK, Shen RF, Zhu XF. The MYB transcription factor MYB103 acts upstream of TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE27 in regulating aluminum sensitivity by modulating the O-acetylation level of cell wall xyloglucan in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 111:529-545. [PMID: 35596722 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Modification of the O-acetylation level of xyloglucan (XyG) appears to affect aluminum (Al) sensitivity in Arabidopsis by modulating its binding capacity to Al. However, the transcriptional regulation of this process remains largely unknown. In our previous studies, we found that the expression of TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE27 (TBL27), which is responsible for the O-acetylation of XyG, was downregulated under Al stress. In the present study, we showed that the expression of an R2R3-type transcription factor-encoding gene, MYB103, was also inhibited by Al exposure and exhibited a co-expression pattern with TBL27 in roots and siliques, suggesting a potential link between MYB103 and TBL27. The loss of function of MYB103 resulted in increased Al sensitivity, as indicated by more inhibited root growth and elevated root Al content compared with the wild type. Moreover, we also detected increased Al accumulation in the root cell wall and the hemicellulose fraction, which was attributed to the changes in the O-acetylation level of XyG rather than the XyG content itself. In addition, further analysis revealed that MYB103 positively activated TBL27 expression by directly binding to the TBL27 promoter region, and TBL27 overexpression in the myb103 mutant rescued the Al-sensitive phenotype of the mutant to the wild-type level. Taken together, we conclude that MYB103 acts upstream of TBL27 to positively regulate Al resistance by modulating the O-acetylation of the cell wall XyG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ye Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yu Song Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiao Zheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huai Kang Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ren Fang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiao Fang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Abstract
Pinus massoniana is a vital kind of coniferous species rich in rosin. Aluminum stress is a severe problem for P. massoniana growth in acidic soil causing root poisoning. However, the molecular mechanisms of aluminum-responsive are still unclear. We performed a transcriptome analysis of the P. massoniana root in response to aluminum stress. Through WGCNA analysis, we identified 338 early and 743 late response genes to aluminum stress. Gene Ontology analysis found many critical functional pathways, such as carbohydrate binding, cellulase activity, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity. In addition, KEGG analysis revealed a significant enrichment of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways. Further analysis showed that the expression of lignin synthesis genes 4CL, CAD, and COMT were up-regulated, indicating that they may play a crucial role in the process of aluminum tolerance in P. massoniana roots. These results provide method support for studying the regulation mechanism of P. massoniana aluminum stress.
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35
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Unniram Parambil AR, P K, Silswal A, Koner AL. Water-soluble optical sensors: keys to detect aluminium in biological environment. RSC Adv 2022; 12:13950-13970. [PMID: 35558844 PMCID: PMC9090444 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01222g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal ion plays a critical role from enzyme catalysis to cellular health and functions. The concentration of metal ions in a living system is highly regulated. Among the biologically relevant metal ions, the role and toxicity of aluminium in specific biological functions have been getting significant attention in recent years. The interaction of aluminium and the living system is unavoidable due to its high earth crust abundance, and the long-term exposure to aluminium can be fatal for life. The adverse Al3+ toxicity effects in humans result in various diseases ranging from cancers to neurogenetic disorders. Several Al3+ ions sensors have been developed over the past decades using the optical responses of synthesized molecules. However, only limited numbers of water-soluble optical sensors have been reported so far. In this review, we have confined our discussion to water-soluble Al3+ ions detection using optical methods and their utility for live-cell imaging and real-life application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajmal Roshan Unniram Parambil
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri 462066 Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel 4058 Basel Switzerland
- Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland 4132 Muttenz Switzerland
| | - Kavyashree P
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri 462066 Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Akshay Silswal
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri 462066 Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Apurba Lal Koner
- Bionanotechnology Lab, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri 462066 Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
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36
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Wei Y, Jing X, Su F, Li Z, Wang F, Guo H. Does
pH
matter for ecosystem multifunctionality? An empirical test in a semi‐arid grassland on the Loess Plateau. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wei
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095 China
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing, 100012 China
| | - Xin Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro‐Ecosystems, and College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020 China
| | - Fanglong Su
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095 China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095 China
| | - Fuwei Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095 China
| | - Hui Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095 China
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Do the Invasive Earthworms Amynthas agrestis (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) and Lumbricus rubellus (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) Stimulate Oxalate-Based Browser Defenses in Jack-in-the-Pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum) by Their Presence or Their Soil Biogeochemical Activity? SOIL SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/soilsystems6010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of invasive earthworms initiates physical and chemical alterations in previously earthworm-free forest soils, which triggers an ecological cascade. The most apparent step is the shift in the herbaceous plant community composition. However, some species, such as Arisaema triphyllum (jack-in-the-pulpit), persist where earthworms are present. It has been hypothesized that A. triphyllum produces insoluble oxalate, an herbivory deterrent, in the presence of earthworms. This study aimed to distinguish between the effects of earthworm-induced changes in soils and the physical presence of earthworms on oxalate production. As such, a two-way factorial greenhouse trial was conducted using uninvaded soils to test this hypothesis for two invasive earthworm species (Amynthas agrestis and Lumbricus rubellus). The sequential extraction of oxalates in A. triphyllum corms was performed with absolute ethanol, deionized water, acetic acid and HCl, representing fractions of decreasing solubility. Earthworm presence increased water-soluble (p = 0.002) and total oxalate (p = 0.022) significantly, but only marginally significantly for HCl-soluble oxalate (p = 0.065). The corms of plants grown in soils previously exposed to the two species did not differ in oxalate production when earthworms were not present. However, the data suggest that earthworms affect corm oxalate concentrations and that the sequence of invasion matters for oxalate production by A. triphyllum.
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Jiang S, Wang J, Qiao S, Zhou J. Phosphate recovery from aqueous solution through adsorption by magnesium modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:148907. [PMID: 34271388 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified by magnesium (Mg@CNT) was prepared as a novel adsorbent to recover phosphate from wastewater. Mg@CNT with the mass ratio of 0.48 (Mg versus MWCNTs) was the most efficient for phosphate adsorption and the maximum experimental adsorption capacity was up to 198 mg P/g. The Mg@CNT characterization was done by Field emission scanning electron microscope coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy detector (FESEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), surface area analyzer (BET), Transmission electron microscope coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy detector (TEM-EDS). The MgO nanoflakes spread on the surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and reacted with phosphate to generate Mg3(PO4)2·10H2O as the end product. Phosphate adsorption on Mg@CNT was chemisorption onto heterogeneous surface according to the kinetic model and isotherm model fitting results. Several common co-existing ions, e.g., Cl-, NO3- and humic acid, had no obvious negative impact on the phosphate adsorption capacity; while SO42- and CO32- expressed stronger negative impacts and led to 13.2% and 39.5% decrease in phosphate adsorption capacity, respectively. After five adsorption-desorption cycles, Mg@CNT still maintained more than 80% adsorption capacity of the initial and high phosphate desorbability. These results implied that Mg@CNT possessed great application potential in phosphate recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoupei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China.
| | - Jingxuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China.
| | - Sen Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China.
| | - Jiti Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China.
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Hancock JT, LeBaron TW, May J, Thomas A, Russell G. Molecular Hydrogen: Is This a Viable New Treatment for Plants in the UK? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112270. [PMID: 34834633 PMCID: PMC8618766 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite being trialed in other regions of the world, the use of molecular hydrogen (H2) for enhanced plant growth and the postharvest storage of crops has yet to be widely accepted in the UK. The evidence that the treatment of plants and plant products with H2 alleviates plant stress and slows crop senescence continues to grow. Many of these effects appear to be mediated by the alteration of the antioxidant capacity of plant cells. Some effects seem to involve heme oxygenase, whilst the reduction in the prosthetic group Fe3+ is also suggested as a mechanism. Although it is difficult to use as a gaseous treatment in a field setting, the use of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) has the potential to be of significant benefit to agricultural practices. However, the use of H2 in agriculture will only be adopted if the benefits outweigh the production and application costs. HRW is safe and relatively easy to use. If H2 gas or HRW are utilized in other countries for agricultural purposes, it is tempting to suggest that they could also be widely used in the UK in the future, particularly for postharvest storage, thus reducing food waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T. Hancock
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK; (J.M.); (A.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Tyler W. LeBaron
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences of Comenius University, 84104 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Molecular Hydrogen Institute, Enoch, UT 84721, USA
- Department of Kinesiology and Outdoor Recreation, Southern Utah University, Cedar City, UT 84720, USA
| | - Jennifer May
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK; (J.M.); (A.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Adam Thomas
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK; (J.M.); (A.T.); (G.R.)
| | - Grace Russell
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK; (J.M.); (A.T.); (G.R.)
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40
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Metal bioaccumulation alleviates the negative effects of herbivory on plant growth. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19062. [PMID: 34561510 PMCID: PMC8463685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98483-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metalliferous soils can selectively shape plant species' physiology towards tolerance of high metal concentrations that are usually toxic to organisms. Some adapted plant species tolerate and accumulate metal in their tissues. These metals can serve as an elemental defence but can also decrease growth. Our investigation explored the capacity of natural metal accumulation in a tropical tree species, Eremanthus erythropappus (Asteraceae) and the effects of such bioaccumulation on plant responses to herbivory. Seedlings of E. erythropappus were grown in a glasshouse on soils that represented a metal concentration gradient (Al, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn), and then the exposed plants were fed to the herbivores in a natural habitat. The effect of herbivory on plant growth was significantly mediated by foliar metal ion concentrations. The results suggest that herbivory effects on these plants change from negative to positive depending on soil metal concentration. Hence, these results provide quantitative evidence for a previously unsuspected interaction between herbivory and metal bioaccumulation on plant growth.
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Oliveira MDS, Rocha SV, Schneider VK, Henrique-Silva F, Soares MR, Soares-Costa A. Physiological, nutritional, and molecular responses of Brazilian sugarcane cultivars under stress by aluminum. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11461. [PMID: 34249482 PMCID: PMC8247702 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sugarcane is a crop of global importance and has been expanding to areas with soils containing high levels of exchangeable aluminum (Al), which is a limiting factor for crop development in acidic soils. The study of the sugarcane physiological and nutritional behavior together with patterns of gene expression in response to Al stress may provide a basis for effective strategies to increase crop productivity in acidic soils. Methods Sugarcane cultivars were evaluated for physiological parameters (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration), nutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S) and Al contents in leaves and roots and gene expression, of the genes MDH, SDH by qPCR, both related to the production of organic acids, and SOD, related to oxidative stress. Results Brazilian sugarcane RB867515, RB928064, and RB935744 cultivars exhibited very different responses to induced stress by Al. Exposure to Al caused up-regulation (SOD and MDH) or down-regulation (SDH, MDH, and SOD), depending on the cultivar, Al level, and plant tissue. The RB867515 cultivar was the most Al-tolerant, showing no decline of nutrient content in plant tissue, photosynthesis, transpiration, and stomatal conductance after exposure to Al; it exhibited the highest Al content in the roots, and showed important MDH and SOD gene expression in the roots. RB928064 only showed low expression of SOD in roots and leaves, while RB935744 showed important expression of the SOD gene only in the leaves. Sugarcane cultivars were classified in the following descending Al-tolerance order: RB867515 > RB928064 = RB935744. These results may contribute to the obtention of Al-tolerant cultivars that can play their genetic potential in soils of low fertility and with low demand for agricultural inputs; the selection of potential plants for breeding programs; the elucidation of Al detoxification mechanisms employed by sugarcane cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sâmara Vieira Rocha
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Flavio Henrique-Silva
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio Roberto Soares
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Protection/Agrarian Sciences Center, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrea Soares-Costa
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Cheng L, Liu H, Zhao J, Dong Y, Xu Q, Yu Y. Hormone Orchestrates a Hierarchical Transcriptional Cascade That Regulates Al-Induced De Novo Root Regeneration in Tea Nodal Cutting. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5858-5870. [PMID: 34018729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aluminum in acid soils is very rhizotoxic to most plant species, but it is essential for root growth and development in Camellia sinensis. However, the molecular basis of Al-mediated signaling pathways in root regeneration of tea plants is largely unclear. In this study, we profiled the physiological phenotype, transcriptome, and phytohormones in the process using stems treated with Al (0.3 mM) and control (0.02 mM). The anatomical analysis showed that the 0.3 mM Al-treated stem began to develop adventitious root (AR) primordia within 7 days, ARs occurred after 21 days, while the control showed a significant delay. We further found that the expression patterns of many genes involved in the biosynthesis of ZT, ACC, and JA were stimulated by Al on day 3; also, the expression profiles of auxin transporter-related genes were markedly increased under Al during the whole rooting process. Moreover, the expression of these genes was strongly correlated with the accumulation of ZT, ACC, JA, and IAA. CsERFs, CsMYBs, and CsWRKYs transcription factor genes with possible crucial roles in regulating AR regeneration were also uncovered. Our findings suggest that multiple phytohormones and genes related to their biosynthesis form a hierarchical transcriptional cascade during Al-induced de novo root regeneration in tea nodal cuttings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Dong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingshan Xu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Youben Yu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
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Alhaithloul HAS, Galal FH, Seufi AM. Effect of extreme temperature changes on phenolic, flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of tomato seedlings ( Solanum lycopersicum L.). PeerJ 2021; 9:e11193. [PMID: 34026345 PMCID: PMC8123231 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Climatic changes are the most important abiotic factor affecting plant growth, crop quality and nutritional value. Plants exposed to thermal stress respond by accumulation of secondary metabolites/molecules (SMs). Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a cosmopolitan crop, eaten by most of the world’s people because it is highly nutritious plant. It is cultivated in more than 16 thousand hectares in Saudi Arabia and thus is influenced by extreme climatic changes. Objective In the current study, the phytochemical effect of thermal stress was investigated in seedlings of S. lycopersicum. Such information will be very helpful in developing more tolerant tomato cultivars in a climate change scenario. Methods Seedlings of S. lycopersicum were subjected to heat shock; HS1 and HS2 (45 and 50 °C) and cold shock; CS (4 °C) in comparison to control; Con (25 °C). Phenolic compounds, flavonoids, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and antioxidant activity were estimated under the four temperature treatments. Results Using 23 standards (17 phenolic and six flavonoids), HPLC resulted in the estimation of 16, 20, 15 and 18 compounds for Con, CS, HS1 and HS2, respectively. Differences in the amounts of total phenolics, and total flavonoids were strongly correlated to thermal stress. CS plants exhibited the highest number of signals and the highest absolute quantities of total phenolics, flavonoids and sum of both. The major peaks of phenolics were (Chlorogenic acid, Resvertol), (Vanillic acid, Benzoic acid, Quinol), (Vanillic acid, Benzoic acid) and (Vanillic acid, Benzoic acid) for Con, CS, HS1 and HS2, respectively. The major peaks of flavonoids were (Quercetin, Myricetin), (Quercetin, Rutin), (Quercetin, Rutin, Catechin) and (Quercetin) for Con, CS, HS1 and HS2, respectively. CS plants contain the highest amounts of Benzoic acid (8010.37 mg/kg FW) and Quercetin (2319.48 mg/kg FW). The highest TPC (131 mg GAE/100 g FW) and TFC (61 mg QE/100 g FW) were determined in the case of CS plants. In terms of IC50s, the CS plants showed the highest antioxidant activities (lowest values) in both of DPPH (467.73 µM TE/100 g FW) and ABTS (8.97 µM TE/100 g FW) assays. Conclusions Our findings supported that the complexity and quantity of phenolics and flavonoids in tomato’s extract are strongly related to thermal stress. Additionally, the CS plants demonstrated more desirable phytochemical profile over the other treatments. CS plants exhibited higher number, absolute amounts of SMs, higher TPC and TFC than those of Con, HS1 and HS2 plants. Additionally, CS plants showed higher antioxidant activity than that of both HS1 and HS2 plants. Such results are very useful in justifying mechanism of tolerance in tomato plant to thermal stress in the context of climate change. Additional research has turned on to reveal molecular response of tomato to such thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifa A S Alhaithloul
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma H Galal
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Greater Cairo, Egypt
| | - AlaaEddeen M Seufi
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Greater Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Basic Sciences, Deanship of Common First Year, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
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Chauhan DK, Yadav V, Vaculík M, Gassmann W, Pike S, Arif N, Singh VP, Deshmukh R, Sahi S, Tripathi DK. Aluminum toxicity and aluminum stress-induced physiological tolerance responses in higher plants. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 41:715-730. [PMID: 33866893 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1874282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) precipitates in acidic soils having a pH < 5.5, in the form of conjugated organic and inorganic ions. Al-containing minerals solubilized in the soil solution cause several negative impacts in plants when taken up along with other nutrients. Moreover, a micromolar concentration of Al present in the soil is enough to induce several irreversible toxicity symptoms such as the rapid and transient over-generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide anion (O2•-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (•OH), resulting in oxidative bursts. In addition, significant reductions in water and nutrient uptake occur which imposes severe stress in the plants. However, some plants have developed Al-tolerance by stimulating the secretion of organic acids like citrate, malate, and oxalate, from plant roots. Genes responsible for encoding such organic acids, play a critical role in Al tolerance. Several transporters involved in Al resistance mechanisms are members of the Aluminum-activated Malate Transporter (ALMT), Multidrug and Toxic compound Extrusion (MATE), ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC), Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (Nramp), and aquaporin gene families. Therefore, in the present review, the discussion of the global extension and probable cause of Al in the environment and mechanisms of Al toxicity in plants are followed by detailed emphasis on tolerance mechanisms. We have also identified and categorized the important transporters that secrete organic acids and outlined their role in Al stress tolerance mechanisms in crop plants. The information provided here will be helpful for efficient exploration of the available knowledge to develop Al tolerant crop varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Kumar Chauhan
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Vaishali Yadav
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Marek Vaculík
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Walter Gassmann
- Division of Plant Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sharon Pike
- Division of Plant Sciences, Bond Life Sciences Center, and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Namira Arif
- D D Pant Interdisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Vijay Pratap Singh
- C.M.P. Degree College, A Constituent Post Graduate College of University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | | | - Shivendra Sahi
- University of the Sciences in Philadelphia (USP), Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Li X, Zhang C, Zhang B, Wu D, Zhu D, Zhang W, Ye Q, Yan J, Fu J, Fang C, Ha D, Fu S. Nitrogen deposition and increased precipitation interact to affect fine root production and biomass in a temperate forest: Implications for carbon cycling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 765:144497. [PMID: 33418324 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fine roots connect belowground and aboveground systems and help regulate the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems by providing nutrients and water for plants. To evaluate the effects of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and increased precipitation on fine root production and standing biomass in a temperate deciduous forest in central China, we conducted a 6-year experiment. From 2013 to 2018, we applied N (25 kg N ha-1 yr-1) and water (336 mm, 30% of the ambient annual precipitation) above the forest canopy, and we quantified fine root production and biomass in 2017 and 2018. At 0-10 cm soil depth, the statistical interaction between addition of N and water was not significant in terms of fine root production or biomass. At 0-10 cm soil depth, N addition significantly increased fine root production by 18.1%, but did not affect fine root biomass. Water addition significantly increased fine root production and biomass by 13.6 and 17.0%, respectively. Both N and water addition had significant direct positive effects on fine root production, and water addition had indirect positive effects on fine root biomass through decreasing soil NO3- concentration. At 10-30 cm soil depth, the statistical interaction between N addition and water addition was significant in terms of both fine root production and biomass, i.e., the positive effect of N addition was reduced by water addition, and vice versa. These findings indicate that fine roots and therefore belowground carbon storage may have complex responses to increases in atmospheric N deposition and changes in precipitation predicted for the future. The findings also suggest that results obtained from experiments that consider only one independent variable (e.g., N input or water input) and only one soil depth should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Li
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Integrated Air Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Chenlu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Integrated Air Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Dandan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Junhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Juemin Fu
- Jigongshan National Nature Reserve, Xinyang 464039, China
| | | | - Denglong Ha
- Jigongshan National Nature Reserve, Xinyang 464039, China
| | - Shenglei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Integrated Air Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Gu X, Jiang Y, Wang X, Jia H, Li J, Cui Y, Hu J, Mao Q, He X. Differences in aluminum tolerance and immobilization between two indigenous ectomycorrhizal fungi Lactarius deliciosus and Pisolithus tinctorius from Southwest China's forest stands. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 213:112042. [PMID: 33607336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) toxicity severely decreases plant growth and productivity in acidic soil globally. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi can promote host plant's Al-tolerance by acting as a physical barrier or bio-filter. However, little information is available on the role of ECM fungus on Al immobilization with respect to Al-tolerance. This present study aimed to screen a promising indigenous ECM fungus with high Al-tolerance and to understand its role in Al immobilization related to Al-tolerance. Two ECM fungal strains (Lactarius deliciosus 2 and Pisolithus tinctorius 715) isolated from forest stands in Southwest China were cultured in vitro with 0.0, 1.0 or 2.0 mM Al addition for 21 days to compare their Al accumulation and Al-tolerance. Meanwhile, fungal mycelia were incubated in 0.037 mM Al3+ solutions, and then Al3+ concentrations in the solution were determined at time 2, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 120, 180, and 240 min, and the Al3+ immobilization characteristics were evaluated using the pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion models. Results showed that 1.0 or 2.0 mM Al3+ addition significantly increased fungal biomass production by 23% or 41% in L. deliciosus 2, not in P. tinctorius 715. Fungal Al3+ concentrations in L. deliciosus 2 and P. tinctorius 715 were significantly increased by 293% and 103% under 2.0 mM than under 1.0 mM Al3+ addition. The pH values in the culture solution were significantly decreased by 0.43 after 21 d fungus growth but no changes between these two fungi under the same Al3+ addition. Fungal Al3+ immobilization showed a three-stage trend with initially a rapid rate followed a relatively slower rate until reaching equilibrium. The pseudo-second order model was the best (R2 = 0.98 and 0.99 for L. deliciosus 2 and P. tinctorius 715) to fit the experimentally observed data among the three models. Compared to P. tinctorius 715, L. deliciosus 2 also had greater intercept value, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and extracellular Al3+ proportion in fungal mycelia. Additionally, bio-concentration on Al3+, active site numbers for Al3+, boundary layer thickness, CEC, and immobilization on the cell wall in fungal mycelia were involved in ECM fungal Al-tolerance. These results show that both ECM fungi are Al-tolerant while L. deliciosus 2 is a promising indigenous ECM isolate with higher Al-tolerance in Southwest China, and they can be hence applied to the afforestation and ecological restoration in acidic soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirong Gu
- College of Resources and Environment, Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yanan Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaohe Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hao Jia
- College of Resources and Environment, Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yao Cui
- College of Resources and Environment, Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jia Hu
- College of Resources and Environment, Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qiaozhi Mao
- College of Resources and Environment, Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xinhua He
- College of Resources and Environment, Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, Southwest University, 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
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Shetty R, Vidya CSN, Prakash NB, Lux A, Vaculík M. Aluminum toxicity in plants and its possible mitigation in acid soils by biochar: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 765:142744. [PMID: 33092837 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity of aluminum (Al) is a serious problem for agricultural plants, especially due to excessive soil acidification caused by continuous intensive agriculture and modified environmental conditions related with global climate change. Decreased root elongation and shoot growth, reduced biomass production, nutrient imbalance and altered physiological and metabolic processes are responsible for lower yield and crop quality and therefore, decreased variability and productivity of the land. Recently, biochar is gaining popularity for ameliorating metal toxicity in soils. However, there is a lack of comprehensive information regarding the effects of biochar and its functioning. Multiple mechanisms are involved in ameliorating Al toxicity in which inherent properties of biochar influencing Al adsorption, absorption, complexation, cation exchange and electrostatic interaction are considered to play major roles. Modification of biochar to enhance these mechanisms might hold the key for long term solution. Present review indicates gaps for further research. Long term field studies are needed to understand the effects of biochar on Al toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajpal Shetty
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Chiruppurathu Sukumaran-Nair Vidya
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Alexander Lux
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marek Vaculík
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, SK-842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-845 23 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Worthington M, Perez JG, Mussurova S, Silva-Cordoba A, Castiblanco V, Cardoso Arango JA, Jones C, Fernandez-Fuentes N, Skot L, Dyer S, Tohme J, Di Palma F, Arango J, Armstead I, De Vega JJ. A new genome allows the identification of genes associated with natural variation in aluminium tolerance in Brachiaria grasses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:302-319. [PMID: 33064149 PMCID: PMC7853602 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Toxic concentrations of aluminium cations and low phosphorus availability are the main yield-limiting factors in acidic soils, which represent half of the potentially available arable land. Brachiaria grasses, which are commonly sown as forage in the tropics because of their resilience and low demand for nutrients, show greater tolerance to high concentrations of aluminium cations (Al3+) than most other grass crops. In this work, we explored the natural variation in tolerance to Al3+ between high and low tolerant Brachiaria species and characterized their transcriptional differences during stress. We identified three QTLs (quantitative trait loci) associated with root vigour during Al3+ stress in their hybrid progeny. By integrating these results with a new Brachiaria reference genome, we identified 30 genes putatively responsible for Al3+ tolerance in Brachiaria. We observed differential expression during stress of genes involved in RNA translation, response signalling, cell wall composition, and vesicle location homologous to aluminium-induced proteins involved in limiting uptake or localizing the toxin. However, there was limited regulation of malate transporters in Brachiaria, which suggests that exudation of organic acids and other external tolerance mechanisms, common in other grasses, might not be relevant in Brachiaria. The contrasting regulation of RNA translation and response signalling suggests that response timing is critical in high Al3+-tolerant Brachiaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Worthington
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
- Present address: Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas, 306 Plant Sciences Bldg, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Charlotte Jones
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Narcis Fernandez-Fuentes
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Leif Skot
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Sarah Dyer
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
- Present address: NIAB, Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0LE, UK
| | - Joe Tohme
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Jacobo Arango
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Ian Armstead
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Jose J De Vega
- Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
- Correspondence:
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Yadav B, Jogawat A, Lal SK, Lakra N, Mehta S, Shabek N, Narayan OP. Plant mineral transport systems and the potential for crop improvement. PLANTA 2021; 253:45. [PMID: 33483879 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient transporter genes could be a potential candidate for improving crop plants, with enhanced nutrient uptake leading to increased crop yield by providing tolerance against different biotic and abiotic stresses. The world's food supply is nearing a crisis in meeting the demands of an ever-growing global population, and an increase in both yield and nutrient value of major crops is vitally necessary to meet the increased population demand. Nutrients play an important role in plant metabolism as well as growth and development, and nutrient deficiency results in retarded plant growth and leads to reduced crop yield. A variety of cellular processes govern crop plant nutrient absorption from the soil. Among these, nutrient membrane transporters play an important role in the acquisition of nutrients from soil and transport of these nutrients to their target sites. In addition, as excess nutrient delivery has toxic effects on plant growth, these membrane transporters also play a significant role in the removal of excess nutrients in the crop plant. The key function provided by membrane transporters is the ability to supply the crop plant with an adequate level of tolerance against environmental stresses, such as soil acidity, alkalinity, salinity, drought, and pathogen attack. Membrane transporter genes have been utilized for the improvement of crop plants, with enhanced nutrient uptake leading to increased crop yield by providing tolerance against different biotic and abiotic stresses. Further understanding of the basic mechanisms of nutrient transport in crop plants could facilitate the advanced design of engineered plant crops to achieve increased yield and improve nutrient quality through the use of genetic technologies as well as molecular breeding. This review is focused on nutrient toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in crop plants to aid in understanding and addressing the anticipated global food demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindu Yadav
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhimanyu Jogawat
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | - Shambhu Krishan Lal
- ICAR- Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Nita Lakra
- Department of Biotechnology, CCS HAU, Hisar, India
| | - Sahil Mehta
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitzan Shabek
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Abstract
In Rhineland-Palatinate (Germany), a high percentage of the forest area is located on poor soils with low buffering capacity. Extensive liming applications were performed to compensate for the negative consequences of acid deposition. In 1988, three experimental sites with untreated control plots and different liming treatments were established in coniferous stands to investigate the effectiveness of liming on acidification and its effect on forest ecosystems. Measuring deposition and seepage waters for 24 years allowed for calculating long-term acid-base budgets. The original approach was expanded by data from a detailed sampling of the forest stand and mineral weathering rates. Without liming, the acid load exceeded the buffer capacity by base cation release from silicate weathering during the whole observation period. As a result, there was a high release of aluminum. After liming seepage water output of organic anions, nitrate and sulfate increased in some cases, leading to a higher acid load. However, the carbonates of dolomitic limestone compensated for a higher acid load, resulting in less aluminum released compared to the control plots. Until sulfate output by seepage water declines and nitrogen emissions are reduced, liming and restricted biomass harvesting are required for forest stands on base poor soils to prevent further acidification, decline of nutrient stocks, and the destruction of clay minerals.
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