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Moradi-Choghamarani F, Ghorbani F. Investigating the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health hazards of heavy metal ions in Spinacia oleracea grown in agricultural soil treated with biochar and humic acid. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:325. [PMID: 39012586 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02110-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
This study addressed the bioaccumulation and human health risk among the consumption of Spinacia oleracea grown in agricultural soil treated with humic acid (189-2310 ppm) and biochars (0.00-5.10%.wt). The biochars came from two local feedstocks of rice-husk (RH) and sugar-beet-pulp (SBP) pyrolyzed at temperatures 300 and 600 °C. Total concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Ni found in both the soil and biomass/biochar exceeded global safety thresholds. The bioaccumulation levels of HMs in spinach leaves varied, with Fe reaching the highest concentration at 765.27 mg kg-1 and Cd having the lowest concentration at 3.31 mg kg-1. Overall, the concentrations of Zn, Cd, Pb, and Ni in spinach leaves exceeded the safety threshold limits, so that its consumption is not recommended. The assessment of hazard quotient (HI) for the HMs indicated potential health hazards for humans (HI > 1) from consuming the edible parts of spinach. The biochar application rates of 4.35%wt and 0.00%.wt resulted in the highest (3.69) and lowest (3.15) HI values, respectively. The cumulative carcinogenic risk (TCR) ranged from 0.0085 to 0.0119, exceeding the cancer risk threshold. Introducing 5.10%wt biomass/biochar resulted in a 36% rise in TCR compared to the control. The utilization of humic acid alongside HMs-polluted biochars results in elevated levels of HMs bioaccumulation exceeding the allowable thresholds in crops (with a maximum increase of 49% at 2000 ppm humic acid in comparison to 189 ppm). Consequently, this raised the HI by 46% and the TCR by 22%. This study demonstrated that the utilization of HMs-polluted biochars could potentially pose supplementary health hazards. Moreover, it is evident that the utilization of HMs-polluted biochars in treating metal-contaminated soil does not effectively stabilize or reduce pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Moradi-Choghamarani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Farshid Ghorbani
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
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2
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Seyfferth AL, Limmer MA, Runkle BRK, Chaney RL. Mitigating Toxic Metal Exposure Through Leafy Greens: A Comprehensive Review Contrasting Cadmium and Lead in Spinach. GEOHEALTH 2024; 8:e2024GH001081. [PMID: 38887469 PMCID: PMC11181011 DOI: 10.1029/2024gh001081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Metals and metalloids (hereafter, metal(loid)s) in plant-based foods are a source of exposure to humans, but not all metal(loid)-food interactions are the same. Differences exist between metal(loid)s in terms of their behavior in soils and in how they are taken up by plants and stored in the edible plant tissue/food. Thus, there cannot be one consistent solution to reducing toxic metal(loid)s exposure to humans from foods. In addition, how metal(loid)s are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted by the human body differs based on both the metal(loid), other elements and nutrients in the food, and the nutritional status of the human. Initiatives like the United States Food and Drug Administration's Closer to Zero initiative to reduce the exposure of young children to the toxic elements cadmium, lead, arsenic, and mercury from foods warrant careful consideration of each metal(loid) and plant interaction. This review explores such plant-metal(loid) interactions using the example of spinach and the metals cadmium and lead. This review highlights differences in the magnitude of exposure, bioavailability, and the practicality of mitigation strategies while outlining research gaps and future needs. A focus on feasibility and producer needs, informed via stakeholder interviews, emphasizes the need for better analytical testing facilities and grower and consumer education. More research should focus on minimization of chloride inputs for leafy greens to lessen plant-availability of Cd and the role of oxalate in reducing Cd bioavailability from spinach. These findings are applicable to other leafy greens (e.g., kale, lettuce), but not for other plants or metal(loid)s.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matt A. Limmer
- Department of Plant and Soil SciencesUniversity of DelawareNewarkDEUSA
| | - Benjamin R. K. Runkle
- Department of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA
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3
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Ray I, Misra S, Chen M, Wang X, Das R. Entrapment of atmospheric particle bound heavy metals by ferns as evidenced by lead (Pb) isotope and MixSIAR: Implications for improving air quality. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:134014. [PMID: 38503208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Plant metal uptake can occur through both soil-root and atmospheric transfer from leaves. The latter holds potential implications for development of biofiltration systems. To explore this potential, it is crucial to understand entrapment capacity and metal sources within plants. As ferns absorb materials from atmosphere, this study focuses on two abundant fern species growing in densely populated and highly polluted regions of Eastern India. Gravimetric quantification, elemental concentration and Pb isotopic analyses were performed by segregating the ferns into distinct components: foliage dusts (loose dust (LD) and wax-bound dust (WD)) and plant tissue (leaves and roots). To understand metal sources, the study analyzes soil, and atmospheric particulates (PM10 and dust fall (DF)). Results indicate that, while LDs have soil dust influence, wax entraps atmospheric particulates and translocates them inside the leaves. Furthermore, roots demonstrate dissimilar isotopic ratios from soil, while displaying close association with atmospheric particulates. Isotopic composition and subsequent mixing model reveal dominant contribution from DF in leaves (53-73%) and roots (33-86%). Apart from DF, leaf Pb is sourced from PM10 (21-38%) with minimal contribution from soil (6-10%). Conversely, in addition to dominance from DF, roots source Pb primarily from soil (12-62%) with a meagre 2-8% contribution from PM10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iravati Ray
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
| | - Sambuddha Misra
- Centre for Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Mengli Chen
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Xianfeng Wang
- Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Asian School of Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Reshmi Das
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India; Earth Observatory of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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4
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Mawassy Z, Henner P, Avellan A, Rose J. Comprehensive framework for overcoming scientific challenges related to assessing radioactive ultra-fine (nano/micro) particles transfer at the atmosphere-leaf interface. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 467:133346. [PMID: 38320349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Food products are prone into contamination after a nuclear emission of radionuclides. While the mechanisms of emission and deposition of ultrafine radioactive particles are well documented, the transfer of these species from the atmosphere into plants is poorly assessed. This is evident in the lack of quantification of particles distributed within plants, especially regarding particles physical-chemical criteria to plant of different properties. Such knowledge gaps raise the concern about the representativeness of risk assessment tools designed for the transfer evaluation of ionic/soluble species to be qualified for simulating insoluble species exposure and proposes a possible underestimation. This highlights the possible need for special particle codes development to be implemented in models for future emissions. In addition, the later tools utilize transfer factors aggregating relevant sub-processes, suggesting another weak point in their overall reliability. As researchers specialized in the nuclear safety and protection, we intend in this perspective, to develop a compressive analysis of the interaction of ultrafine particles with plants of different specificities at different level processes starting from particles retention and gradual translocation to sink organs. This analysis is leveraged in providing insights for possible improvements in the current modeling tools for better real-life scenarios representation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Mawassy
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SPDR/LT2S, F-13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France.
| | - Pascale Henner
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), PSE-ENV/SPDR/LT2S, F-13115 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France.
| | - Astrid Avellan
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse - CNRS-CNES-IRD-Université Toulouse III Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, 14 av. Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Jerome Rose
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université (AMU), iRD, INRAE, OSU Pytheas, CEREGE UM34, BP 80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence, Cedex 4, France
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5
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Wang A, Guo Y, Bai Z, Fang Y. Reconstruction of a century of air pollution history in Nanjing, China, using trace elements in situ leaf specimens of Platanus × hispanica and Pittosporum tobira. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123290. [PMID: 38176641 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Leaves can specifically uptake trace elements from the surrounding environment. And tree leaves are a good biological indicator for air pollution. Therefore, chemical analysis of leaf specifications can be used to reproduce a historical record of air pollution. To better understand the history of urban air pollution from the 1920s to the 2020s in Nanjing, China, leaf samples of two woody plants, Platanus × hispanica and Pittosporum tobira, were collected in this study as environmental indicators from different historical periods. These included historical herbarium specimens and current leaves from live trees. The concentrations of 10 trace elements were determined in the samples using ICP‒MS. Pollution indices were calculated, yielding the key findings. The historical leaf samples showed continuously increasing mean concentrations of the 10 trace elements over time, which significantly correlating with automobile quantities and the number of large-scale industrial enterprises (p < 0.05). Moreover, modern leaf trace element concentrations were significantly correlated with PM10, PM2.5, automobiles, large-scale industrial enterprises, and atmospheric factors, confirming these as sources. In addition to the historical growth trend, spatial heterogeneity was revealed in historical Platanus × hispanica leaf samples from the 14 sites in Nanjing. Changes in heavy metal trace element pollution distributions were consistent with transportation and industrial expansion, with homologous patterns across elements. Specifically, post 1980s increases were observed in the representative NJ2 (Zhongshan Botanical Garden) and the NJ5(Nanjing University) sites, with higher concentrations occurring at in the NJ5 contaminated site than at the NJ2 uncontaminated site. After 2009, the 10 element (except Cd) pollution indices in Platanus × hispanica leaves fluctuated but declined overall. This reconstruction of Nanjing's air pollution history demonstrates that ample environmental information can be extracted from plant leaf markers over time and space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixia Wang
- College of Architecture, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Building at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010051, China
| | - Yanan Guo
- College of Architecture, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Building at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010051, China
| | - Zhuhui Bai
- College of Architecture, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Key Laboratory of Green Building at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010051, China
| | - Yanming Fang
- Co-innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and Environment, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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6
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Dong Q, Wu Y, Wang H, Li B, Huang R, Li H, Tao Q, Li Q, Tang X, Xu Q, Luo Y, Wang C. Integrated morphological, physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal response mechanisms of rice under different cadmium exposure routes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133688. [PMID: 38310845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the major cereal crops and takes up cadmium (Cd) more readily than other crops. Understanding the mechanism of Cd uptake and defense in rice can help us avoid Cd in the food chain. However, studies comparing Cd uptake, toxicity, and detoxification mechanisms of leaf and root Cd exposure at the morphological, physiological, and transcriptional levels are still lacking. Therefore, experiments were conducted in this study and found that root Cd exposure resulted in more severe oxidative and photosynthetic damage, lower plant biomass, higher Cd accumulation, and transcriptional changes in rice than leaf Cd exposure. The activation of phenylpropanoids biosynthesis in both root and leaf tissues under different Cd exposure routes suggests that increased lignin is the response mechanism of rice under Cd stress. Moreover, the roots of rice are more sensitive to Cd stress and their adaptation responses are more pronounced than those of leaves. Quantitative PCR revealed that OsPOX, OsCAD, OsPAL and OsCCR play important roles in the response to Cd stress, which further emphasize the importance of lignin. Therefore, this study provides theoretical evidence for future chemical and genetic regulation of lignin biosynthesis in crop plants to reduce Cd accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Dong
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yingjie Wu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Haidong Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Rong Huang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huanxiu Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qi Tao
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiquan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Youlin Luo
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Changquan Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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7
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Zhou Q, Li X, Zheng X, Zhang X, Jiang Y, Shen H. Metabolomics reveals the phytotoxicity mechanisms of foliar spinach exposed to bulk and nano sizes of PbCO 3. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133097. [PMID: 38113737 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
PbCO3 is an ancient raw material for Pb minerals and continues to pose potential risks to the environment and human health through mining and industrial processes. However, the specific effects of unintentional PbCO3 discharge on edible plants remain poorly understood. This study unravels how foliar application of PbCO3 induces phytotoxicity by potentially influencing leaf morphology, photosynthetic pigments, oxidative stress, and metabolic pathways related to energy regulation, cell damage, and antioxidant defense in Spinacia oleracea L. Additionally, it quantifies the resultant human health risks. Plants were foliarly exposed to PbCO3 nanoparticles (NPs) and bulk products (BPs), as well as Pb2+ at 0, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 mg·L-1 concentrations once a day for three weeks. The presence and localization of PbCO3 NPs inside the plant cells were confirmed by TEM-EDS analysis. The maximum accumulation of total Pb was recorded in the root (2947.77 mg·kg-1 DW for ion exposure), followed by the shoot (942.50 mg·kg-1 DW for NPs exposure). The results revealed that PbCO3 and Pb2+ exposure had size- and dose-dependent inhibitory effects on spinach length, biomass, and photosynthesis attributes, inducing impacts on the antioxidase activity of CAT, membrane permeability, and nutrient elements absorption and translocation. Pb2+ exhibited pronounced toxicity in morphology and chlorophyll; PbCO3 BP exposure accumulated the most lipid peroxidation products of MDA and H2O2; and PbCO3 NPs triggered the largest cell membrane damage. Furthermore, PbCO3 NPs at 10 and 100 mg·L-1 induced dose-dependent metabolic reprogramming in spinach leaves, disturbing the metabolic mechanisms related to amino acids, antioxidant defense, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid cycle, and the respiratory chain. The spinach showed a non-carcinogenic health risk hierarchy: Pb2+ > PbCO3 NPs > PbCO3 BPs, with children more vulnerable than adults. These findings enhance our understanding of PbCO3 particle effects on food security, emphasizing the need for further research to minimize their impact on human dietary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qishang Zhou
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, 80 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Xueming Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China
| | - Yueheng Jiang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China
| | - He Shen
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China; International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-environmental Health, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, PR China
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8
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Huang S, Tan C, Cao X, Yang J, Xing Q, Tu C. Impacts of simulated atmospheric cadmium deposition on the physiological response and cadmium accumulation of Sedum plumbizincicola. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:16413-16425. [PMID: 38315335 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31928-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Atmospheric cadmium (Cd) deposition contributes to the accumulation of Cd in the soil-plant system. Sedum plumbizincicola is a Cd and Zn hyperaccumulator commonly used for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soil. However, studies on the effects of atmospheric Cd deposition on the accumulation of Cd and physiological response in S. plumbizincicola are still limited. A Cd solution spraying pot experiment was conducted with S. plumbizincicola at three atmospheric Cd deposition concentrations (4, 8, and 12 mg/L). Each Cd concentration levels was divided into two groups, non-mulching (foliar-root uptake) and mulching (foliar uptake). The soil type used in the experiment was reddish clayey soil collected from a farmland. The results showed that compared with the non-mulching control, the fresh weight of S. plumbizincicola in non-mulching with high atmospheric Cd deposition (12 mg/L) increased by 11.35%. Compared with those in the control group, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the non-mulching and mulching S. plumbizincicola groups increased by 0.88-11.06 nmol/L and 0.96-1.32 nmol/L, respectively. Compared with those in the non-Cd-treated control group, the shoot Cd content in the mulching group significantly increased by 11.09-180.51 mg/kg. Under high Cd depositions, the Cd in S. plumbizincicola mainly originated from the air and was stored in the shoots (39.7-158.5%). These findings highlight that the physiological response and Cd accumulation of S. plumbizincicola were mainly affected by high Cd deposition and suggest that atmospheric Cd could directly be absorbed by S. plumbizincicola. The effect of atmospheric deposition on S. plumbizincicola cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuopei Huang
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyin Tan
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xueying Cao
- Rural Vitalization Research Institute, Changsha University, Changsha, 410022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Yang
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianwen Xing
- College of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, People's Republic of China
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Moniuszko H, Puchalska E, Mikowska K, Wójcik-Gront E, Popek R, Lewandowski M, Przybysz A. Is there a downside to plant ecological services in the city? Influences of particulate matter on the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) foraging on the small-leaved lime in urban conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167567. [PMID: 37802333 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to examine how particulate matter (PM) pollution affects the life history of the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae (Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae), in modelled urban conditions. For this purpose, experimental populations of TSSM were cultured on the foliage of small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata) contaminated with PM at intensities corresponding to differing city zones such as a park, a busy road and an industrial area. The control samples in the study were washed, unpolluted leaves. The spider mite was selected as a model organism due to its cosmopolitan distribution, broad host spectrum, resistance to a variety of pesticides and food-intake mode involving cell-content sucking, while T. cordata is widely planted in cities and has demonstrated a considerable capability for PM capture. Data on the longevity and mortality of particular instars and on female fecundity at different pollution levels were collected and statistically evaluated. Concentrations of PM typical for roads and industrial city zones significantly reduced total female fecundity (avg. 53.9 and 55.9 eggs/female, respectively, vs 79.2 in control), which entailed a slower population increase, while the survival rate of particular developmental instars (P = 0.52) and fertility curves (P = 0.19) remained unchanged. The presence of PM caused physiological effects in the mites, despite the lack of direct consumption of the pollutant by adult and juvenile instars. Considering the incomparable resilience of TSSM to unfavourable environmental factors, it is predicted that the detrimental influence of PM on other representatives of urban arthropods may be even more severe. The results suggest that there is a need for further investigations into the ecological ramifications of air purification provided by urban green spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Moniuszko
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - E Puchalska
- Section of Applied Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Mikowska
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - E Wójcik-Gront
- Department of Biometry, Institute of Agriculture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - R Popek
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Lewandowski
- Section of Applied Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Przybysz
- Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
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Augustsson A, Lundgren M, Qvarforth A, Engström E, Paulukat C, Rodushkin I, Moreno-Jiménez E, Beesley L, Trakal L, Hough RL. Urban vegetable contamination - The role of adhering particles and their significance for human exposure. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165633. [PMID: 37474053 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
While urban-grown vegetables could help combat future food insecurity, the elevated levels of toxic metals in urban soils need to be met with measures that minimise transfer to crops. This study firstly examines soil/dust particle inclusion in leafy vegetables and its contribution to vegetable metals (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn), using vegetable, soil and dust data from an open-field urban farm in southeastern Sweden. Titanium concentrations were used to assess soil/dust adherence. Results showed that vegetables contained 0.05-1.3 wt% of adhering particles (AP) even after washing. With 0.5 % AP, an adult with an average intake of vegetables could ingest approximately 100 mg of particles per day, highlighting leafy vegetables as a major route for soil/dust ingestion. The presence of adhering particles also significantly contributed to the vegetable concentrations of As (9-20 %), Co (17-20 %), Pb (25-29 %), and Cr (33-34 %). Secondly, data from an indoor experiment was used to characterise root metal uptake from 20 urban soils from Sweden, Denmark, Spain, the UK, and the Czech Republic. Combining particle adherence and root uptake data, vegetable metal concentrations were calculated for the 20 urban soils to represent hypothetical field scenarios for these. Subsequently, average daily doses were assessed for vegetable consumers (adults and 3-6 year old children), distinguishing between doses from adhering particles and root uptake. Risks were evaluated from hazard quotients (HQs; average daily doses/tolerable intakes). Lead was found to pose the greatest risk, where particle ingestion often resulted in HQs > 1 across all assessed scenarios. In summary, since washing was shown to remove only a portion of adhering metal-laden soil/dust particles from leafy vegetation, farmers and urban planners need to consider that measures to limit particle deposition are equally important as cultivating in uncontaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Augustsson
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
| | - M Lundgren
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - A Qvarforth
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - E Engström
- Division of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden; ALS Laboratory Group, ALS Scandinavia AB, Luleå, Sweden
| | - C Paulukat
- Division of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - I Rodushkin
- Division of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden; ALS Laboratory Group, ALS Scandinavia AB, Luleå, Sweden
| | - E Moreno-Jiménez
- Department of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Beesley
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, Peel Building, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK; Department of Environmental Geosciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic
| | - L Trakal
- Department of Environmental Geosciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic
| | - R L Hough
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, UK
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11
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Gačnik J, Gustin MS. Tree rings as historical archives of atmospheric mercury: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165562. [PMID: 37454835 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Historical concentrations of atmospheric mercury (Hg) are uncertain, as monitoring only began a few decades ago. Tree rings can serve as historical archives of Hg, providing centennial trends. The vast majority of tree-ring Hg studies have been published in the last decade, demonstrating the growing use of tree rings for Hg dendrochemistry. Thus, there is a need for a systematic review on current knowledge of tree rings as archives of atmospheric Hg. In this review, the predominant pathways of Hg uptake to tree rings are discussed, including the initial Hg uptake from the surrounding environment, fixation, and subsequent translocation. Foliar uptake of Hg was found to be the most important uptake route for Hg in tree rings, the root and bark route being negligible. Our summary of the suitability of different tree species indicates that radial translocation is the biggest limiting factor for Hg dendrochemistry, shifting and blurring historical Hg trends. Based on the review findings, Picea (spruce) and Larix (larch) are the most promising genera for Hg dendrochemistry. Additionally, the use of tree-ring Hg archives in combination with other co-located archives, namely lake sediments, peat, and ice, is suggested as it enhances the viability of observed tree-ring historical Hg trends. Finally, we propose future directions and recommendations for research using tree-ring Hg, including sampling protocols, experimental designs, and tree selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gačnik
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, USA.
| | - Mae Sexauer Gustin
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
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12
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Zhang S, Zhao B, Zhang X, Wu F, Zhao Q. The Metabolomics Response of Solanum melongena L. Leaves to Various Forms of Pb. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2911. [PMID: 37999265 PMCID: PMC10675538 DOI: 10.3390/nano13222911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Due to activities like mining and smelting, lead (Pb) enters the atmosphere in various forms in coarse and fine particles. It enters plants mainly through leaves, and goes up the food chain. In this study, PbXn (nano-PbS, mic-PbO and PbCl2) was applied to eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) leaves, and 379 differential metabolites were identified and analyzed in eggplant leaves using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that all three Pb treatments significantly altered the metabolite profile. Compared with nano-PbS, mic-PbO and PbCl2 induced more identical metabolite changes. However, the alterations in metabolites related to the TCA cycle and pyrimidine metabolism, such as succinic acid, citric acid and cytidine, were specific to PbCl2. The number of differential metabolites induced by mic-PbO and PbCl2 was three times that of nano-PbS, even though the amount of nano-PbS absorbed by leaves was ten times that of PbO and seven times that of PbCl2. This suggests that the metabolic response of eggplant leaves to Pb is influenced by both concentration and form. This study enhances the current understanding of plants' metabolic response to Pb, and demonstrates that the metabolomics map provides a more comprehensive view of a plant's response to specific metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (S.Z.); (B.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Bing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (S.Z.); (B.Z.); (X.Z.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (S.Z.); (B.Z.); (X.Z.)
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;
| | - Qing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (S.Z.); (B.Z.); (X.Z.)
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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13
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Vejerano EP, Ahn J. Leaves are a Source of Biogenic Persistent Free Radicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2023; 10:662-667. [PMID: 37577362 PMCID: PMC10413942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Nonsenescent and senescent leaves of selected coniferous and broadleaf plants contained substantial levels of naturally occurring persistent free radicals (PFRs). These biogenic PFRs (BPFRs) were stable and persistent despite multiple wetting and drying cycles, implying that BPFRs can leach and sorb on soil particles. Results suggest that endogenous chemicals in plants and their transformation byproducts can stabilize unpaired electrons in leaves under ambient conditions. Thus, the vast amount and perpetual supply of leaf litter is an unaccounted natural source of BPFRs. If toxic, inhaling and accidentally ingesting fine soil dust and powder from degraded leaf litter may increase our environmental and health burdens to PFRs. We expect that this finding will generate more studies on natural sources of PFRs, establish their properties, and distinguish them from those formed from combustion and thermal processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P. Vejerano
- Center for Environmental
Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences,
Arnold School of Public Health, University
of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Jeonghyeon Ahn
- Center for Environmental
Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences,
Arnold School of Public Health, University
of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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14
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Ouyang X, Ma J, Liu Y, Li P, Wei R, Chen Q, Weng L, Chen Y, Li Y. Foliar cadmium uptake, transfer, and redistribution in Chili: A comparison of foliar and root uptake, metabolomic, and contribution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 453:131421. [PMID: 37080031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric deposition is an essential cadmium (Cd) pollution source in agricultural ecosystems, entering crops via roots and leaves. In this study, atmospherically deposited Cd was simulated using cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdSN), and chili (Capsicum frutescens L.) was used to conduct a comparative foliar and root experiment. Root and foliar uptake significantly increased the Cd content of chili tissues as well as the subcellular Cd content. Scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry showed that Cd that entered the leaves via stomata was fixed in leaf cells, and the rest was mainly through phloem transport to the other organs. In leaf, stem, and root cell walls, Cd signal intensities were 47.4%, 72.2%, and 90.0%, respectively. Foliar Cd uptake significantly downregulated purine metabolism in leaves, whereas root Cd uptake inhibited stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid, and gingerol biosynthesis in roots. Root uptake contributed 90.4% Cd in fruits under simultaneous root and foliar uptake conditions attributed to xylem and phloem involvement in Cd translocation. Moreover, root uptake had a more significant effect on fruit metabolic pathways than foliar uptake. These findings are critical for choosing pollution control technologies and ensuring food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Ouyang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Institute of Agricultural Product Quality, Safety and Nutrition, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Pan Li
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Rongfei Wei
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Qiusheng Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Product Quality, Safety and Nutrition, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300381, China
| | - Liping Weng
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Department of Soil Quality, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Yali Chen
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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15
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Ma C, Yu Y, Liu F, Lin L, Zhang K, Liu N, Zhang H. Influence mechanism of awns on wheat grain Pb absorption: Awns' significant contribution to grain Pb was mainly originated from their direct absorption of atmospheric Pb at the late grain-filling stage. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 257:114957. [PMID: 37105099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The spike is the organ that contributes the most to lead (Pb) accumulation in wheat grains. However, as an important photosynthetic and transpiration tissue in spike, the role of awn in wheat grain Pb absorption remains unknown. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the influence mechanism of awn on grain Pb accumulation through two comparative treatments: with and without awns (de-awned treatment). The de-awned treatment decreased wheat yield by 4.1 %; however, it significantly lowered the grain Pb accumulation rate at the late filling stage (15 days after anthesis) and led to a 22.8 % decrease in grain Pb concentration from 0.57 to 0.44 mg·kg-1. Moreover, the relative contribution of awn-to-grain Pb accumulation gradually increased with the filling process, finally reaching 26.6 % at maturity. In addition, Pb isotope source analysis indicated that the Pb in the awn and grain mainly originated from atmospheric deposition, and the de-awned treatment decreased the proportion of grain Pb from atmospheric deposition by 8.9 %. Microstructural observations further confirmed that the contribution of awns to grain Pb accumulation mainly originated from their direct absorption of atmospheric Pb. In conclusion, awns play an important role in wheat grain Pb absorption at the late grain-filling stage; planting awnless or short-awn wheat varieties may be the simplest and effective environmental management measure to reduce the health risks of Pb in wheat in regions with serious atmospheric Pb contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China.
| | - Yawei Yu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Fuyong Liu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Camerino, Camerino, 62032 Macerata, Italy
| | - Lin Lin
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China.
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16
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Zhao B, Zhu W, Hao S, Hua M, Liao Q, Jing Y, Liu L, Gu X. Prediction heavy metals accumulation risk in rice using machine learning and mapping pollution risk. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130879. [PMID: 36746084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate prediction of metal bioaccumulation in crops are important for assessing metal environmental risks. We aimed to incorporate machine learning modeling methods to predict heavy metal contents in rice crops and identify influencing factors. We conducted a field study in Jiangsu province, China, collecting 2123 pairs of soil-rice samples in a uniform measurement and using 10 machine learning algorithms to predict the uptake of Cd, Hg, As, and Pb in rice grain. The Extremely Randomized Tree model exhibited the best performance for rice-Cd and rice-Hg (Cd: R2 = 0.824; Hg: R2 = 0.626), while the Random Forest model performed best for As and Pb (As: R2 = 0.389; Pb: R2 = 0.325). The feature importance analysis showed that soil-Cd and pH had the highest impact on rice-Cd risk, which is in line with previous studies; while temperature and soil organic carbon were more important to rice-Hg than soil-Hg. Then, based on another set of 1867 uniformly distributed paddy soil samples in Jiangsu province, the Cd and Hg risks of soil and rice were visualized using the established models. Mapping result revealed an inconsistent pattern of hotspot distribution between soil-Hg and rice-Hg, i.e., a higher rice-Hg risk in the northern area, while higher soil-Hg in south. Our findings highlight the importance of temperature on Hg bioaccumulation risk to crops, which has often been overlooked in previous risk assessment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Shefeng Hao
- Technical Innovation Center of Ecological Monitoring & Restoration Project on Land (arable), Geological Survey of Jiangsu, Nanjing, China; School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Hua
- Technical Innovation Center of Ecological Monitoring & Restoration Project on Land (arable), Geological Survey of Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiling Liao
- Technical Innovation Center of Ecological Monitoring & Restoration Project on Land (arable), Geological Survey of Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Jing
- Technical Innovation Center of Ecological Monitoring & Restoration Project on Land (arable), Geological Survey of Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Technical Innovation Center of Ecological Monitoring & Restoration Project on Land (arable), Geological Survey of Jiangsu, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueyuan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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17
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Li G, Yan L, Chen X, Lam SS, Rinklebe J, Yu Q, Yang Y, Peng W, Sonne C. Phytoremediation of cadmium from soil, air and water. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 320:138058. [PMID: 36746249 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pose a great threat to ecosystems and long-term exposure causes adverse effects to wildlife and humans. Cadmium induces a variety of diseases including cancer, kidney dysfunction, bone lesions, anemia and hypertension. Here we review the ability of plants to accumulate cadmium from soil, air and water under different environmental conditions, focusing on absorption mechanisms and factors affecting these. Cadmium possess various transport mechanisms and pathways roughly divided into symplast and apoplast pathway. Excessive cadmium concentrations in the environment affects soil properties, pH and microorganism composition and function and thereby plant uptake. At the same time, plants resist cadmium toxicity by antioxidant reaction. The differences in cadmium absorption capacity of plants need more exploration to determine whether it is beneficial for crop breeding or genetic modification. Identify whether plants have the potential to become hyperaccumulator and avoid excessive cadmium uptake by edible plants. The use of activators such as wood vinegar, GLDA (Glutamic acid diacetic acid), or the placement of earthworms and fungi can speed up phytoremediation of plants, thereby reducing uptake of crop varieties and reducing human exposure, thus accelerating food safety and the health of the planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanyan Li
- Henan Province International Collaboration /Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Lijun Yan
- Henan Province International Collaboration /Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiangmeng Chen
- Henan Province International Collaboration /Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Department of Chemistry, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Qing Yu
- Henan Province International Collaboration /Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yafeng Yang
- Henan Province International Collaboration /Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wanxi Peng
- Henan Province International Collaboration /Lab of Forest Resources Utilization, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Ecoscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India.
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18
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Augustsson A, Lundgren M, Qvarforth A, Hough R, Engström E, Paulukat C, Rodushkin I. Managing health risks in urban agriculture: The effect of vegetable washing for reducing exposure to metal contaminants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 863:160996. [PMID: 36539086 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A common, yet poorly evaluated, advice to remove contaminants from urban vegetables is to wash the produce before consumption. This study is based on 63 samples of chard, kale, lettuce and parsley that have grown near a heavily trafficked road in the third largest city in Sweden, with one portion of each sample being analysed without first being washed, and the other portion being subjected to common household washing. Concentrations of 71 elements were analysed by ICP-SFMS after a sample digestion that dissolves both the plant tissues and all potentially adhering particles. The results show that the washing effect, or the fraction removed upon washing, varies significantly between elements: from approximately 0 % for K to 68 % for the ∑REEs. Considering traditional metal contaminants, the efficiency decreased from Pb (on average 56 % lost) to Co (56 %) > Cr (55 %) > As (45 %) > Sb (35 %) > Ni (33 %) > Cu (13 %) > Zn (7 %) > Cd (7 %), and Ba (5 %). A clear negative correlation between the washing effect and the different elements' bioconcentration factors shows that the elements' accessibility for plant uptake is a key controlling factor for the degree to which they are removed upon washing. Based on the average washing efficiencies seen in this study, the average daily intake of Pb would increase by 130 % if vegetables are not washed prior to consumption. For the other contaminant metals this increase corresponds to 126 % (Co), 121 % (Cr), 82 % (As), 55 % (Sb), 50 % (Ni), 16 % (Cu), 8 % (Zn), 7 % (Cd) and 5 % (Ba). The advice to wash vegetables is therefore, for many elements, highly motivated for reducing exposure and health risks. For elements which are only slightly reduced when the vegetables are washed, however, advising should rather focus on reducing levels of contamination in the soil itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Augustsson
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden.
| | - Maria Lundgren
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Anna Qvarforth
- Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Rupert Hough
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen AB15 8QH, UK
| | - Emma Engström
- Division of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden; ALS Laboratory Group, ALS Scandinavia AB, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Cora Paulukat
- Division of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden
| | - Ilia Rodushkin
- Division of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden; ALS Laboratory Group, ALS Scandinavia AB, Luleå, Sweden
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19
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Asaf S, Jan R, Khan MA, Khan AL, Asif S, Bilal S, Ahmad W, Waqas M, Kim KM, Al-Harrasi A, Lee IJ. Unraveling the mutualistic interaction between endophytic Curvularia lunata CSL1 and tomato to mitigate cadmium (Cd) toxicity via transcriptomic insights. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160542. [PMID: 36493827 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, endophytic fungus Curvularia lunata strain SL1 was used to explore its bioremediation potential and growth restoration of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) under cadmium (Cd) stress. Our findings demonstrate that SL1 establishes a symbiotic relationship with tomato plants, which modulates the antioxidant system, secondary metabolites, and gene expression in tomato plants exposed to Cd stress. Under Cd stress, tomato seedling growth was significantly reduced by up to 42.8 %, although this reduction was mitigated by up to 25 % after SL1 inoculation. Similar to this, SLI inoculation inhibits Cd absorption and translocation to the upper parts of the plant. Additionally, during Cd stress, phytohormones related to stress, including jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), and ethylene (ET), were elevated; however, SL1 inoculation lowered their level. RNA-Seq data revealed that the highest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was detected in the comparison between control and 1 mM Cd, followed by 2 mM Cd stress. These DEGs were mostly related to oxidoreductase activity, catalytic activity, plant hormones transduction, and photosynthesis. The findings also suggested that SL1 could improve tomato tolerance to Cd stress by modulating Ca2+ signaling, phytohormone biosynthesis, MAPK signaling pathway, and some transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Asaf
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616 Nizwa, Oman
| | - Rahmatullah Jan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Aaqil Khan
- Department of Chemical and Life Science, Qurtaba University of Science and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, 77479, USA
| | - Saleem Asif
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Saqib Bilal
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616 Nizwa, Oman
| | - Waqar Ahmad
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Sugar Land, TX, 77479, USA
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Department of Agriculture Extension, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616 Nizwa, Oman.
| | - In-Jung Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Yang J, Yu Y, Ma C, Zhang H. Direct absorption of atmospheric lead by rapeseed siliques is the leading cause of seed lead pollution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130284. [PMID: 36332279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed cultivation is a novel approach to safely utilizing lead (Pb) contaminated farmland. However, the mechanism of Pb absorption in seeds remains uncertain. A field experiment was conducted to explore this mechanism with two contrasting treatments: rapeseed exposed to atmospheric deposition and non-exposed treatment. Non-exposed treatment ultimately decreased Pb content in leaf, silique, and seed by 46.7%, 53.7%, and 53.6%, respectively. Sub-microstructure analysis further confirmed that rapeseed leaves and siliques could directly absorb atmospheric Pb. In addition, Pb isotope analysis indicates that atmospheric deposition is the primary source of silique and seed Pb. The root and silique organs had relative Pb contributions of 28.0% and 72.0%, respectively, to seed. Thus, the direct absorption of atmospheric Pb by siliques during the filling stage was found to be the leading cause of seed Pb pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxing Yang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yawei Yu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Chuang Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China.
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
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21
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Singh DV, Bhat JIA, Bhat RA, Tali JA. Vehicular emission and its impact on heavy metal accumulation and photosynthetic pigments on pine needles in Pahalgam forest ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:23898-23907. [PMID: 36331740 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23889-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Human interference is rising day by day which adds more problems to conserve valuable forest resources. Vehicular exhausts are the main source of heavy metals that have detrimental impacts on the vegetation. The research provides comprehension about the increase in vehicular traffic along the Pahalgam highway, which is disturbing the balance of the forest ecosystem. The concentration of heavy metals and leaf pigments were determined in the leaf tissues collected along with the roadside pine trees in the Pahalgam resort. A total of 25 samples at each sampling site were collected in 100 m diameter along main road. High vehicular movements in summer correlated with the high accumulation of heavy metals such as Pb2+ (0.563 mg/kg), Ni2+ (0.271 mg/kg), and Cu2+ (0.202 mg/kg) in pine needles. However, Zn2+ exhibited higher concentration (0.468 mg/kg) at Batakote and Cd2+ (0.05 mg/kg) at Pahalgam in autumn. Moreover, total chlorophyll content determined low (1.97 mg/g) at Pahalgam in autumn and high (3.81 mg/g) at Chandanwari in summer. In general, the chlorophyll content in the pine needles was certainly affected by the accumulation of heavy metals which indicating a negative correlation of chlorophyll content with heavy metals. Thus, the increase in traffic movement and tourist influx significantly affects the accumulation of heavy metals and decreases the pigment content in the pine needles. Rapid tourist influx in world-famous health resorts is dramatically influencing the forest ecosystem. Therefore, the need is to use green fuel or ban the old vehicles which can be helpful in maintaining the balance of the forest ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dig Vijay Singh
- Division of Environmental Sciences, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar, Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Javeed Iqbal Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Environmental Sciences, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar, Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Rouf Ahmad Bhat
- Division of Environmental Sciences, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Shalimar, Kashmir, 190025, India.
| | - Javaid Ahmad Tali
- Department of Geography, Government Degree College Tral, Tral, Kashmir, India
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22
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Dong Q, Tao Q, Li B, Huang R, Xu Q, Li H, Shen J, Chen X, Li Q, Tang X, Kačík F, Kováč J, Ďurkovič J, Wu Y, Wang C. The mechanism of enhanced lignin regulating foliar Cd absorption and yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114481. [PMID: 38321693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The impact of atmospheric deposition of cadmium (Cd) in cereal crops has become a global concern. Enhanced lignin content was expected to benefit the plant performance against Cd exposure. To date, however, the underlying mechanisms of lignin regulating foliar Cd absorption in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and its effect on grain yield remains unclear. In present study, the effect and mechanism of rice in response to leaf Cd exposure were investigated using 113Cd stable isotope and a lignin-increased rice mutant. The highest Cd uptake efficiency and uptake amount was observed in wild type (WT) plant grown in the maturity period, which were 3-fold higher than in mutant plant. Compared to WT, the mutant exhibited 14.75% and 25.43% higher contents in G- and S-unit of lignin monomers. Lignin biosynthesis and polymerization related genes (OsPAL/OsCOMT/Os4CL3/OsLAC5/OsLAC15) were significantly up-regulated in mutants. In addition, the enzyme activities involved in the above process were also significantly increased by 1.24-1.49-fold. The increased Cd retention in cell wall and decreased gene expression levels of OsNRAMP5, OsHMA3 and OsIRT1 in mutant indicated that lignin effectively inhibited Cd transportion in plant tissues. Moreover, the antioxidant capacity and photosynthesis efficiency in mutant plant were obviously improved, leading to higher Cd tolerance and increased grain yield. Our results revealed the molecular and physiological mechanisms of enhanced lignin regulating foliar Cd absorption and yield in rice, and provided the valuable rice genotype to ensure food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Dong
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qi Tao
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Rong Huang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Huanxiu Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jie Shen
- China-Croatia "Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xi Chen
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiquan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - František Kačík
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Technical University in Zvolen, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Ján Kováč
- Department of Phytology, Technical University in Zvolen, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Jaroslav Ďurkovič
- Department of Phytology, Technical University in Zvolen, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia
| | - Yingjie Wu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Changquan Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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23
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Wang Y, Xiang L, Wang F, Wang Z, Bian Y, Gu C, Wen X, Kengara FO, Schäffer A, Jiang X, Xing B. Positively Charged Microplastics Induce Strong Lettuce Stress Responses from Physiological, Transcriptomic, and Metabolomic Perspectives. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:16907-16918. [PMID: 36354282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) can enter plants through the foliar pathway and are potential hazards to ecosystems and human health. However, studies related to the molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of foliar exposure to differently charged MPs to leafy vegetables are limited. Because the surfaces of MPs in the environment are often charged, we explored the uptake pathways, accumulation concentration of MPs, physiological responses, and molecular mechanisms of lettuce foliarly exposed to MPs carrying positive (MP+) and negative charges (MP-). MPs largely accumulated in the lettuce leaves, and stomatal uptake and cuticle entry could be the main pathways for MPs to get inside lettuce leaves. More MP+ entered lettuce leaves and induced physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic changes, including a decrease in biomass and photosynthetic pigments, an increase in reactive oxygen species and antioxidant activities, a differential expression of genes, and a change of metabolite profiles. In particular, MP+ caused the upregulation of circadian rhythm-related genes, and this may play a major role in the greater physiological toxicity of MP+ to lettuce, compared to MP-. These findings provide direct evidence that MPs can enter plant leaves following foliar exposure and a molecular-scale perspective on the response of leafy vegetables to differently charged MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Leilei Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Ziquan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongrong Bian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenggang Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Wen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Andreas Schäffer
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Xin Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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24
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Gan C, Liu Z, Pang B, Zuo D, Hou Y, Zhou L, Yu J, Chen L, Wang H, Gu L, Du X, Zhu B, Yi Y. Integrative physiological and transcriptome analyses provide insights into the Cadmium (Cd) tolerance of a Cd accumulator: Erigeron canadensis. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:778. [PMID: 36443662 PMCID: PMC9703714 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic pollutant in soil and water that severely hampers the growth and reproduction of plants. Phytoremediation has been presented as a cost-effective and eco-friendly method for addressing heavy metal pollution. However, phytoremediation is restricted by the limited number of accumulators and the unknown mechanisms underlying heavy metal tolerance. In this study, we demonstrated that Erigeron canadensis (Asteraceae), with its strong adaptability, is tolerant to intense Cd stress (2 mmol/L CdCl2 solution). Moreover, E. canadensis exhibited a strong ability to accumulate Cd2+ when treated with CdCl2 solution. The activity of some antioxidant enzymes, as well as the malondialdehyde (MDA) level, was significantly increased when E. canadensis was treated with different CdCl2 solutions (0.5, 1, 2 mmol/L CdCl2). We found high levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities under 1 mmol/L CdCl2 treatment. Comparative transcriptomic analysis identified 5,284 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the roots and 3,815 DEGs in the shoots after E. canadensis plants were exposed to 0.5 mM Cd. Functional annotation of key DEGs indicated that signal transduction, hormone response, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism responded significantly to Cd. In particular, the DEGs involved in auxin (IAA) and ethylene (ETH) signal transduction were overrepresented in shoots, indicating that these genes are mainly involved in regulating plant growth and thus likely responsible for the Cd tolerance. Overall, these results not only determined that E. canadensis can be used as a potential accumulator of Cd but also provided some clues regarding the mechanisms underlying heavy metal tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Gan
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaochao Liu
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Biao Pang
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Zuo
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunyan Hou
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lizhou Zhou
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Yu
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- grid.449845.00000 0004 1757 5011School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, 408100 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongcheng Wang
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Gu
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuye Du
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhu
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Yi
- grid.443395.c0000 0000 9546 5345School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, 550025 People’s Republic of China
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25
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Ma C, Lin L, Yang J, Zhang H. The Relative Contributions of Different Wheat Leaves to the Grain Cadmium Accumulation. TOXICS 2022; 10:637. [PMID: 36355929 PMCID: PMC9697351 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the context of increasing atmospheric particles pollution, wheat cadmium (Cd) pollution caused by atmospheric deposition in agro-ecosystems has attracted increasing attention. However, the relative contribution of different wheat leaves-to-grain Cd accumulation is still unclear. We assessed the roles of different wheat leaves on grain Cd accumulation with field-comparative experiments during the filling stage. Results show that wheat leaves can direct uptake atmospheric Cd through stomata, and the flag leaf exhibited a higher Cd concentration compared to other leaves. The relative contribution of the leaves-to-grain Cd accumulation decreased gradually during the grain-filling period, from 34.44% reaching 14.48%, indicating that the early grain-filling period is the critical period for leaf Cd contributions. Moreover, the relative contribution of flag leaves (7.27%) to grain Cd accumulation was larger than that of the sum of other leaves (7.21%) at maturity. Therefore, the flag leaf is the key leaf involved in grain Cd accumulation, and controlling the transport of Cd from leaves to grains at the early filling period, particularly flag leaf, could help to ensure wheat grain safety, thus ensuring the safety of food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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26
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Ye Y, Landa EN, Cantu JM, Hernandez-Viezcas JA, Nair AN, Lee WY, Sreenivasan ST, Gardea-Torresdey JL. A double-edged effect of manganese-doped graphene quantum dots on salt-stressed Capsicum annuum L. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 844:157160. [PMID: 35798116 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the current study is to evaluate both the positive and negative effects of manganese-doped graphene quantum dots (GQD-Mn) on Capsicum annuum L. grown under salt stress. GQD-Mn was synthesized, characterized, and foliar-applied (250 mg/L, 120 mg/L, 60 mg/L) to C. annuum L. before and after the flowering stage, during which 100 mM of NaCl solution was introduced into the soil as salt stress. Controls were designed as absolute control (no nanomaterials or salt) and negative control (no nanomaterials only salt). Herein, we report that GQD-Mn offset the reduction of fruit production in salt-stressed C. annuum L. by around 40 %. However, based on a comprehensive analysis of normal alkanes (n-alkane) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we also observed that the leaf epicuticular wax profile was disturbed by GQD-Mn, as the concentration of long-chain n-alkanes was increased. Meanwhile, the content of magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) indicated a potential promoted photosynthesis activity in C. annuum L leaves. We hypothesize that the optical properties of GQD-Mn allow leaves to utilize light more efficiently, thus improving photosynthetic activities in plants to acclimate salt stress. But the increased light usage also induced heat stress on the leaf surfaces, which caused n-alkanes changes. Our results provided a unique perspective on nano-plant interaction that value both beneficial and toxic effects of nanomaterials, especially when evaluating the safety of nano-enabled agriculture in areas facing harsh environmental conditions such as salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Elizabeth Noriega Landa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Jesus M Cantu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Jose A Hernandez-Viezcas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Aruna Narayanan Nair
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Wen-Yee Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Sreeprasad T Sreenivasan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA
| | - Jorge L Gardea-Torresdey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA; Environmental Science and Engineering Ph.D. program, The University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Avenue, El Paso, TX 79968, USA.
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27
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Shrestha RK, Shi D, Obaid H, Elsayed NS, Xie D, Ni J, Ni C. Crops' response to the emergent air pollutants. PLANTA 2022; 256:80. [PMID: 36097229 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03993-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Consequences of air pollutants on physiology, biology, yield and quality in the crops are evident. Crop and soil management can play significant roles in attenuating the impacts of air pollutants. With rapid urbanization and industrialization, air pollution has emerged as a serious threat to quality crop production. Assessing the effect of the elevated level of pollutants on the performance of the crops is crucial. Compared to the soil and water pollutants, the air pollutants spread more rapidly to the extensive area. This paper has reviewed and highlighted the major findings of the previous research works on the morphological, physiological and biochemical changes in some important crops and fruits exposed to the increasing levels of air pollutants. The crop, soil and environmental factors governing the effect of air pollutants have been discussed. The majority of the observations suggest that the air pollutants alter the physiology and biochemical in the plants, i.e., while some pollutants are beneficial to the growth and yields and modify physiological and morphological processes, most of them appeared to be detrimental to the crop yields and their quality. A better understanding of the mechanisms of the uptake of air pollutants and crop responses is quite important for devising the measures ‒ at both policy and program levels ‒ to minimize their possible negative impacts on crops. Further research directions in this field have also been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Kumar Shrestha
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Teaching Building 35, Tiansheng Road No 2, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Lamjung Campus, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Lamjung, Nepal
| | - Dan Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Teaching Building 35, Tiansheng Road No 2, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Southwest China), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hikmatullah Obaid
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Teaching Building 35, Tiansheng Road No 2, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Afghanistan National Agricultural Sciences and Technology University, Kandahar, Afghanistan
| | - Nader Saad Elsayed
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Teaching Building 35, Tiansheng Road No 2, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Soil and Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba-Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Deti Xie
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Teaching Building 35, Tiansheng Road No 2, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Southwest China), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiupai Ni
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Teaching Building 35, Tiansheng Road No 2, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Southwest China), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chengsheng Ni
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Teaching Building 35, Tiansheng Road No 2, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Southwest China), Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- National Base of International S and T Collaboration On Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing, 400716, China.
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28
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Xu Z, Zhu Z, Zhao Y, Huang Z, Fei J, Han Y, Wang M, Yu P, Peng J, Huang Y, Fahmy AE. Foliar uptake, accumulation, and distribution of cadmium in rice (Oryza sativa L.) at different stages in wet deposition conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119390. [PMID: 35513197 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric deposition of cadmium (Cd) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) has become a major global concern. Foliar uptake allows vegetables to accumulate heavy metals from the atmosphere, but this has rarely been studied in rice. Therefore, this study investigated the Cd accumulation in rice growing at different exposure periods (the tillering, booting, heading, and maturity stages) under a wet deposition of CdCl2·2.5H2O solution through pot experiments. The Cd concentrations in leaves, roots, husk, brown rice, and leaf structures were analyzed to explore foliar uptake, accumulation, and distribution of Cd in rice tissues at different growth stages. The results showed that wet deposited Cd can be absorbed on the rice leaf surface and remains on the leaves for a long time. The sequence of Cd accumulation in rice tissues was: leaves > brown rice > husk > roots, with leaves accounting for greater than 71.78% of the total accumulation. The accumulation of wet deposited Cd in leaves, husk, and brown rice had large temporal variations between the four typical stages. There was no significant variations in Cd content in roots between different growth stages. Correspondingly, the foliar uptake of Cd was rarely transported from the leaves via the phloem to roots. Conversely, the foliar uptake of Cd was transported upwards to grains. The accumulation of Cd fluctuated with each growth stage, initially increasing and then decreasing at the heading stage and finally reaching a peak at the maturity stage. The highest total accumulation of Cd in both the high and low wet deposition conditions occurred at maturity, resulting in 15.53 and 11.23 μg plant-1, respectively. These results provide theoretical support for further research into identifying efficient foliar control measures to reduce Cd accumulation and maintain food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangqian Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Yuhua Zhao
- Ningyuan County Agricultural Comprehensive Service Center, Hunan, 425600, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Jiangchi Fei
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Yongliang Han
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Maodi Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Pengyue Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Jianwei Peng
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Ying Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, 410128, China; Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100081, PR China.
| | - Ahmed E Fahmy
- Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Nuclear Research Centre, Soil & Water Research Department, Abou-Zaabl, 13759, Egypt
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Lhotská M, Zemanová V, Pavlík M, Pavlíková D, Hnilička F, Popov M. Leaf fitness and stress response after the application of contaminated soil dust particulate matter. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10046. [PMID: 35710561 PMCID: PMC9203739 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13931-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we observed the effect of the application of soil dust enriched with risk elements (Cd, Pb, As and Zn) to leaf surfaces of lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. capitata) while it was grown under hydroponic conditions. This study aimed to determine how low soil dust particulate matter (PM) doses affected the activity of or damaged the photosynthetic apparatus and how the uptake of risk elements was associated with both epigenetic changes (5-methylcytosine content, i.e., 5mC) and stress metabolism. During the study, we obtained many results pertaining to risk element contents and biochemical (total phenolic content (TPC), malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the amount of free amino acids (AAs)) and physiological (photosynthesis parameters: net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, stomatal conductance, instantaneous water-use efficiency, maximum quantum yield of PSII, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, and leaf water potential (WP)) plant features. The results showed an increase in MDA and 5mC. However, the transpiration rate, WP and free AAs decreased. In conclusion, contamination by very low doses of soil dust PM had no direct or significant effect on plant fitness, as shown by the TPC and 5mC content, which indicates that plants can overcome the oxidative stress caused by the accumulation of risk elements. From the above, we propose the use of epigenetic changes as biomarkers of potential changes in the activation of plant metabolism under stress caused by environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Lhotská
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Veronika Zemanová
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Pavlík
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Pavlíková
- Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - František Hnilička
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Popov
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Czech Republic
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Synthesis and Characterization of Thiol-Functionalized Polynorbornene Dicarboximides for Heavy Metal Adsorption from Aqueous Solution. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14122344. [PMID: 35745918 PMCID: PMC9230520 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The contamination of water resources with heavy metals is a very serious concern that demands prompt and effective attention due to the serious health risks caused by these contaminants. The synthesis and ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of norbornene dicarboximides bearing thiol pendant groups, specifically, N-4-thiophenyl-exo-norbornene-5,6-dicarboximide (1a), N-4-(methylthio)phenyl-exo-norbornene-5,6-dicarboximide (1b) and N-4-(trifluoromethylthio)phenyl-exo-norbornene-5,6-dicarboximide (1c), as well as their assessment for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous systems, is addressed in this work. The polymers were characterized by NMR, SEM and TGA, among others. Single and multicomponent aqueous solutions of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ were employed to perform both kinetic and isothermal adsorption studies taking into account several experimental parameters, for instance, the initial metal concentration, the contact time and the mass of the polymer. In general, the adsorption kinetic data fit the pseudo-second-order model more efficiently, while the adsorption isotherms fit the Freundlich and Langmuir models. The maximum metal uptakes were 53.7 mg/g for Pb2+, 43.8 mg/g for Cd2+ and 29.1 mg/g for Ni2+ in the SH-bearing polymer 2a, 46.4 mg/g for Pb2+, 32.9 mg/g for Cd2+ and 27.1 mg/g for Ni2+ in the SCH3-bearing polymer 2b and 40.3 mg/g for Pb2+, 35.9 mg/g for Cd2+ and 27.8 mg/g for Ni2+ in the SCF3-bearing polymer 2c, correspondingly. The better performance of polymer 2a for the metal uptake was ascribed to the lower steric hindrance and higher hydrophilicity imparted by -SH groups to the polymer. The results show that these thiol-functionalized polymers are effective adsorbents of heavy metal ions from aqueous media.
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Ouyang X, Ma J, Zhang R, Li P, Gao M, Sun C, Weng L, Chen Y, Yan S, Li Y. Uptake of atmospherically deposited cadmium by leaves of vegetables: Subcellular localization by NanoSIMS and potential risks. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128624. [PMID: 35278953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Atmospherically deposited cadmium (Cd) may accumulate in plants through foliar uptake; however, the foliar uptake, accumulation, and distribution processes of Cd are still under discussion. Atmospherically deposited Cd was simulated using cadmium sulfide (CdS) with various particle sizes and solubility. Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk, WS) and pak choi (Brassica chinensis L., PC) leaves were treated with suspensions of CdS nanoparticles (CdSN), which entered the leaves via the stomata. Cd concentrations of WS and PC leaves treated with 125 mg L-1 CdSN reached up to 39.8 and 11.0 mg kg-1, respectively, which are higher than the critical leaf concentration for toxicity. Slight changes were observed in fresh biomass, photosynthetic parameters, lipid peroxidation, and mineral nutrient uptake. Exposure concentration, rather than particle size or solubility, regulated the foliar uptake and accumulation of Cd. Subcellular and the high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) results revealed that Cd was majorly stored in the soluble fraction and cell walls, which is an important Cd detoxification mechanism in leaves. The potential health risks associated with consuming CdS-containing vegetables were highlighted. These findings facilitate a better understanding of the fate of atmospheric Cd in plants, which is critical in ensuring food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Ouyang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Ran Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Pan Li
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Man Gao
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chuanqiang Sun
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Liping Weng
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Department of Soil Quality, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Yali Chen
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Sun Yan
- Institute of Eeo-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
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De Brouwere K, Verdonck F, Geerts L, Navis S, Vanhamel M. Assessment of human exposure to environmental sources of lead arising from the lead battery manufacturing and recycling sector in Europe: demonstration of a tiered approach in a case study. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 32:418-426. [PMID: 34718342 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-021-00395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Standard approaches for the assessment of Man via the Environment exposure are designed to be conservative. However, propagating these exposures into health impact assessment might lead to questionable socio-economic costs. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to develop a novel tiered modelling approach to assess human exposure to lead (Pb) via the environment. METHOD The approach starts in Tier 1 from EUSES modelling approach, modified with metal specific transfer factors. The generic Tier 2 approach uses the higher tier model GPM for air quality, and dietary exposure modelling based on EFSA's Comprehensive Food Database, in combination with crop specific transfer factors. Tier 3 considers additional site-specific information such as proximity of inhabitants and agricultural activities in relation to industrial sites. RESULTS This tiered modelling approach was applied to a case study of 50 lead battery manufacturing and recycling sites across Europe. Data sets from general population human biomonitoring studies were used to compare the predicted additional bioburden of Pb resulting from lead battery manufacturing and recycling. The higher tier assessments were able to demonstrate a >20-fold reduction in modelled Pb exposure compared to default assumptions made in Tier 1. SIGNIFICANCE Leading to better estimates for socio-economic costs in health impact assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katleen De Brouwere
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium.
| | | | - Lieve Geerts
- Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400, Mol, Belgium
| | - Sabine Navis
- ARCHE Consulting, Liefkensstraat 35D, 9032, Gent, Belgium
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Ma C, Xie P, Yang J, Liu F, Hu H, Du J, Zhang K, Lin L, Zhang H. Relative contribution of environmental medium and internal organs to lead accumulation of wheat grain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 818:151832. [PMID: 34813811 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) pollution in wheat has received considerable research attention globally due to its persistence and ease of accumulation, posing severe health risks to humans. This study explored the relative contribution of the environmental medium (atmospheric deposition and soil) and wheat internal organs to Pb accumulation in wheat grains, using field experiments by contrasting treatments. The concentration and bioavailability of Pb in the soil were significantly lower than those of atmospherically deposited Pb (P < 0.05). Pb accumulation rate in wheat grains was consistent with the grain filling rate, which first increased and then decreased, reaching the highest level at the middle filling stage. Pb isotope analysis showed that atmospheric deposition was the main source of Pb in the shoots of wheat plants, contributing more than 80.0% of Pb in grains. Although the roots had the highest Pb concentration, the spikes had the greatest relative contribution (58.4%) to Pb accumulation in the wheat grains, followed by that of the leaves (24.5%), whereas the contribution of roots was the lowest (17.1%) among all plant organs. In addition, among all leaves, the contribution of flag leaves to Pb accumulation in the grain was higher than the cumulative contribution of all other leaves, where flag leaves and other leaves contributed 13.8% and 10.7%, respectively. Collectively, the absorption of atmospherically deposited Pb by wheat spikes is the leading cause of Pb pollution in wheat grains. These results may aid in formulating strategies to reduce Pb concentration in grains and ensure food quality and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Pan Xie
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Fuyong Liu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Huafeng Hu
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 45001, China
| | - Jun Du
- Henan Academy of agricultural sciences, Zhengzhou 45001, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
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Toxicity and Uptake of CuO Nanoparticles: Evaluation of an Emerging Nanofertilizer on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Plant. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14094914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Wet chemistry was used to produce copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs). The results indicated that most nanoparticles were bacillus-shaped and relatively uniform in size (less than 30 nm). The effect of synthesized CuO NPs on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germination and growth parameters was studied and compared to bulk Cu. The results showed that no significant difference was obtained in germination rate among all treatments. Bulk Cu additions significantly affect the mean germination rate and mean germination time. On the contrary, germinability was significantly affected by CuO NPs additions. Seed vigor index was calculated to demonstrate the superior treatment in wheat germination parameters, and the results confirmed that 0.1 mg L−1 of CuO NPs could be successfully used to improve wheat seed germination. Moreover, the general average Cu concentrations in the plant tissue were 139 and 103 mg kg−1 dry weight for bulk and CuO NPs, respectively, indicating the dissolution behavior of CuO NPs. The addition of CuO NPs (0.1 mg L−1) promotes chlorophyll formation equal to 0.5 mg L−1 of the bulk Cu addition. This means using nanoparticles as fertilizer could reduce 80% of traditional fertilizers. Nonetheless, Cu additions in both forms (NPs and bulk) reduce root growth substantially compared to control. The effective toxic dose (EC50) for bulk Cu and CuO NPs was 0.37 mg L−1 and 0.94 mg L−1, respectively. The results indicated that approximately 2.5 times CuO NPs concentration is equal to the toxicity dose of bulk Cu due to lowered CuO NPs dissolution. Our study showed that Cu phytotoxicity is a non-nanosized effect and showed that plant-induced changes under environmentally real conditions should be considered when measuring the dissolution of CuO NPs near wheat plant roots. This study implies that using nano-CuO as a micronutrient amendment has a potential benefit rather than the soluble Cu salt for plant growth.
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Lin Q, Dai W, Chen JQ, Jin Y, Yang Y, Wang YY, Zhang BF, Fan JM, Lou LP, Shen ZG, Shen CF, Mao JD. Airborne lead: A vital factor influencing rice lead accumulation in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 427:128169. [PMID: 34979386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.128169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, lead (Pb) in rice grains has been thought to be mostly derived from soil, and the contribution of aerosol Pb remains so far unknown. Based on a meta-analysis, we surprisingly found rice Pb content decreased proportionally with urban atmospheric Pb concentrations in major rice-growing provinces in China during 2001-2015, suggestive of the strong influence of long-range Pb transport on agricultural environment. With the combination of field survey, field experiment, as well as a predictive model, we confirmed high contribution of atmospheric exposure to rice grain Pb in China. We for the first time developed a predictive mathematical model which revealed that aerosol Pb accumulation ratios of rice grains were related to both grain weight and accumulation types. We successfully predicted the national-scale rice Pb in China on the basis of the public data of urban PM2.5 from 19 rice-growing provinces and proposed a seasonal atmospheric Pb limit of 0.20 µg m-3 based on the safe threshold level of Pb in rice, which was much lower than the current limit of 1 µg m-3 set in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, PR China.
| | - Wei Dai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, PR China
| | - Jun-Qiao Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, PR China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, PR China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, PR China
| | - Yi-Yi Wang
- Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310007, PR China
| | - Bao-Feng Zhang
- Hangzhou Environmental Monitoring Central Station, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310007, PR China
| | - Jia-Ming Fan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Lou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, PR China
| | - Zhen-Guo Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210095, PR China
| | - Chao-Feng Shen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, PR China
| | - Jing-Dong Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, 4541 Hampton Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23529, United States
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Yang J, Sun L, Shen X, Dai M, Ali I, Peng C, Naz I. An overview of the methods for analyzing the chemical forms of metals in plants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2022; 24:1418-1430. [PMID: 35148204 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2022.2033687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Currently, the occurrence of toxic levels of metals in soils is a serious environmental issue worldwide. Phytoremediation is getting much attention to control metals soil pollution because it is economic and environmentally friendly. However, the methods used to detect metals in plants are not uniform and have depicted poor comparability of the research investigations. Therefore, the present overview is designed to discuss the possible chemical forms of metals in various environmental matrixes and the detection methods employed to identify the chemical forms of metals in plants. Moreover, the in situ and indirect methods to detect metals in plants have also been discussed herein. In addition, the pros and cons of the available techniques have also been critically analyzed and discussed. Finally, key points/challenges and future perspectives of these methods have been highlighted for the scientific community.Novelty statementIn the current review, the possible chemical forms of metals in various environmental matrixes are discussed in detail. Various extraction agents and their efficiency for extracting metals from plants have been clearly illustrated. Further, all the available methods for analyzing the chemical forms of metals in plants have been compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Yang
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Sun
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xing Shen
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Min Dai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Imran Ali
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Changsheng Peng
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Iffat Naz
- Department of Biology, Deanship of Educational Services, Qassim University, Buraidah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
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Gao PP, Zhang XM, Xue PY, Dong JW, Dong Y, Zhao QL, Geng LP, Lu Y, Zhao JJ, Liu WJ. Mechanism of Pb accumulation in Chinese cabbage leaves: Stomata and trichomes regulate foliar uptake of Pb in atmospheric PM 2.5. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118585. [PMID: 34848290 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis) is one of the most popular and frequently consumed leafy vegetables. It was found that atmospheric PM2.5-Pb contributes to Pb accumulation in the edible leaves of Chinese cabbage via stomata in North China during haze seasons with high concentrations of fine particulate matter in autumn and winter. However, it is unclear whether both stomata and trichomes co-regulate foliar transfer of PM2.5-Pb from atmospheric deposition to the leaf of Chinese cabbage genotypes with trichomes. Field and hydroponic experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of foliar uptake of PM2.5-Pb on Pb accumulation in leaves using two genotypes of Chinese cabbage, one without trichomes and one with trichomes. It was verified that open stoma is a prominent pathway of foliar PM2.5-Pb transfer in the short-term exposure for 6 h, contributing 74.5% of Pb accumulation in leaves, whereas Pb concentrations in the leaves of with-trichome genotype in the rosette stage were 6.52- and 1.04-fold higher than that of without-trichome genotype in greenhouse and open field, respectively, which suggests that stomata and trichomes co-regulate foliar Pb uptake of from atmospheric PM2.5. Moreover, subcellular Pb in the leaves was distributed in the following order of cytoplasm (53.8%) > cell wall (38.5%)> organelle (7.8%), as confirmed through high-resolution secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS). The Leadmium™ Green AM dye manifested that Pb in PM2.5 entered cellular space of trichomes and accumulated in the basal compartment, enhancing foliar Pb uptake in the edible leaves of cabbage. The results of these experiments are evidence that both stomata and trichomes are important pathways in the regulation of foliar Pb uptake and translocation in Chinese cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China; Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-environment of Hebei Province, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Pei-Ying Xue
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China; Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-environment of Hebei Province, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Jun-Wen Dong
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China; Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-environment of Hebei Province, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Yan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China; Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-environment of Hebei Province, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Quan-Li Zhao
- The Teaching and Experimental Station, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Li-Ping Geng
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China; Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-environment of Hebei Province, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Wen-Ju Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China; Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco-environment of Hebei Province, Hebei, Baoding, 071000, China.
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Sanaeifar A, Zhang W, Chen H, Zhang D, Li X, He Y. Study on effects of airborne Pb pollution on quality indicators and accumulation in tea plants using Vis-NIR spectroscopy coupled with radial basis function neural network. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 229:113056. [PMID: 34883323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tea plants that have a large leaf area mainly suffer from heavy metal accumulation in the above-ground parts through foliar uptake. With the world rapid industrialization, this pollution in tea is considered a crucial challenge due to its potential health risks. The present study proposes an innovative approach based on visible and near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics for the characterization of tea chemical indicators under airborne lead stress, which can be performed fast and in situ. The effects of lead stress on chemical indicators and accumulation in leaves of the two tea varieties at different time intervals and levels of treatment were investigated. In addition, changes in cell structure and leaf stomata were monitored during foliar uptake of aerosol particles by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The spectral variation was able to classify the tea samples into the Pb treatment groups through the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) model. Two machine learning techniques, namely, partial least squares (PLS) and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), were evaluated and compared for building the quantitative determination models. The RBFNN models combined with correlation-based feature selection (CFS) and PLS data compression methods were used to optimize the prediction performance. The results demonstrated that the PLS-RBFNN as a non-linear model outperformed the PLS model and provided the R-value of 0.944, 0.952, 0.881, 0.937, and 0.930 for prediction of MDA, starch, sucrose, fructose, glucose, respectively. It can be concluded that the proposed approach has strong application potential in monitoring the quality and safety of plants under airborne heavy metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Sanaeifar
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Haitian Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Dongyi Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaoli Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yong He
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Morphological and Chemical Evaluations of Leaf Surface on Particulate Matter2.5 (PM2.5) Removal in a Botanical Plant-Based Biofilter System. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10122761. [PMID: 34961230 PMCID: PMC8708160 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matter has been increasing worldwide causing air pollution and serious health hazards. Owing to increased time spent indoors and lifestyle changes, assessing indoor air quality has become crucial. This study investigated the effect of watering and drought and illumination conditions (constant light, light/dark cycle, and constant dark) on particulate matter2.5 (PM2.5) removal and surface characterization of leaf in a botanical plant-based biofilter system. Using Ardisia japonica and Hedera helix as experimental plants in the plant-based biofilter system, PM2.5, volatile organic carbon, and CO2, as the evaluators of indoor air quality, were estimated using a sensor. Morphological and chemical changes of the leaf surface (i.e., roughness and wax) associated with PM2.5 removal were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The highest PM2.5 removal efficiency, stomata closure, high leaf roughness, and wax layer were observed under drought with constant light condition. Consequently, PM2.5 removal was attributed to the combined effect of leaf roughness and wax by adsorption rather than stomatal uptake. These results suggest that operating conditions of indoor plant-based biofilter system such as watering (or drought) and illumination may be applied as a potential strategy for enhancing PM2.5 removal.
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Pogányová A, Haas M, Solár J. Lead content in soil, plants, rodents, and amphibians in the vicinity of a heating plant's ash waste. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 194:21. [PMID: 34893947 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study supplements previous research focused on environmental condition in the vicinity of waste ash material. The main aim of our study was the comparative analysis of lead levels in soil, plant, and animal organisms in the area of the tailings pond and surroundings, using x-ray. Findings confirm that the level of Pb in the top layer of soil is in the range of 20-135 ppm. Lead content in Calamagrostis plant tissues was confirmed only at the tailings pond area, with the highest lead concentrations measured in above-ground components; stems with blooms followed by roots and ground floor sheats. The livers, kidneys, and hearts of Apodemus flavicollis were examined, with findings of higher values in the tailings pond area than in the reference site, and average values of 14.5 ppm for livers, 16.0 ppm for kidneys, and 16.6 ppm for hearts. No significant differences were discovered based on sex and body length/body weight of A. flavicollis individuals. Values for Bombina variegata liver tissue reached an average of 12.3 ppm for individuals caught in a water reservoir without ash sediments, versus 15.7 ppm in those trapped by the edge of then tailings pond area. Females had lower concentrations of lead than males, but with no statistically significant differences found. Despite lower lead levels in soil and ash than expected, concentrations in mammalian and amphibian organs suggest a possible transition of this element into the food chain, and therefore further research in this area is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pogányová
- Institute of High Mountain Biology, University of Žilina, Tatranská Javorina 7, Žilina, 05956, Slovakia.
| | - Martina Haas
- Institute of High Mountain Biology, University of Žilina, Tatranská Javorina 7, Žilina, 05956, Slovakia
| | - Jaroslav Solár
- Institute of High Mountain Biology, University of Žilina, Tatranská Javorina 7, Žilina, 05956, Slovakia
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Ma C, Xie P, Zhang K, Yang J, Li X, Liu F, Lin L, Zhang H. Contribution of the flag leaf to lead absorption in wheat grain at the grain-filling stage. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 225:112722. [PMID: 34478986 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wheat flag leaf (FL) is one of the primary sources of carbohydrates in grains; however, its role in grain lead (Pb) absorption remains unclear. A field experiment was conducted to assess the relative contribution of the FL to Pb accumulation in wheat grain by two contrasting treatments: without (CK) and with FL removal (FLR) at the grain-filling stage. The Pb concentration in leaves was closely related to leaf strata and decreased from FL to the third leaf. FLR treatment significantly reduced the yield and grain Pb concentration by 2.79% and 11.47%, respectively. The contribution of FL to grain Pb accumulation decreased gradually with the filling process, from 35.08% (at early stage) to 13.94% (at maturity stage). After FLR, the contribution proportion of atmospheric fallout to grain Pb decreased from 69.01% (CK) to 62.43% (FLR). Combined isotope analysis with scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) revealed that the main contribution of FLs to grain Pb originated from Pb fallout in fine atmospheric particles. Therefore, taking measures to reduce the influence of fine atmospheric particles on wheat may be an effective way to control wheat grain Pb contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Ma
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Pan Xie
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Junxing Yang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resource Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Xuanzhen Li
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Fuyong Liu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Hongzhong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 45000, China
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Avellan A, Yun J, Morais BP, Clement ET, Rodrigues SM, Lowry GV. Critical Review: Role of Inorganic Nanoparticle Properties on Their Foliar Uptake and in Planta Translocation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:13417-13431. [PMID: 33988374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing pressure on global agricultural systems due to higher food demand, climate change, and environmental concerns. The design of nanostructures is proposed as one of the economically viable technological solutions that can make agrochemical use (fertilizers and pesticides) more efficient through reduced runoff, increased foliar uptake and bioavailability, and decreased environmental impacts. However, gaps in knowledge about the transport of nanoparticles across the leaf surface and their behavior in planta limit the rational design of nanoparticles for foliar delivery with controlled fate and limited risk. Here, the current literature on nano-objects deposited on leaves is reviewed. The different possible foliar routes of uptake (stomata, cuticle, trichomes, hydathodes, necrotic spots) are discussed, along with the paths of translocation, via the phloem, from the leaf to the end sinks (mature and developing tissues, roots, rhizosphere). This review details the interplays between morphological constraints, environmental stimuli, and physical-chemical properties of nanoparticles influencing their fate, transformation, and transport after foliar deposition. A metadata analysis from the existing literature highlighted that plant used for testing nanoparticle fate are most often dicotyledon plants (75%), while monocotyledons (as cereals) are less considered. Correlations on parameters calculated from the literature indicated that nanoparticle dose, size, zeta potential, and affinity to organic phases correlated with leaf-to-sink translocation, demonstrating that targeting nanoparticles to specific plant compartments by design should be achievable. Correlations also showed that time and plant growth seemed to be drivers for in planta mobility, parameters that are largely overlooked in the literature. This review thus highlights the material design opportunities and the knowledge gaps for targeted, stimuli driven deliveries of safe nanomaterials for agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Avellan
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Biogeochemical Processes and Pollutants, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Jie Yun
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, United States
| | - Bruno P Morais
- Biogeochemical Processes and Pollutants, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Emma T Clement
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Sonia M Rodrigues
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Biogeochemical Processes and Pollutants, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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Liu C, Xiao R, Huang F, Yang X, Dai W, Xu M. Physiological responses and health risks of edible amaranth under simultaneous stresses of lead from soils and atmosphere. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 223:112543. [PMID: 34332251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is widely distributed in the environment that can impose potential risks to vegetables and humans. In this work, we conducted a pot experiment in Southern China to examine the physiological response and risk of edible amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.) under the simultaneous stresses of lead from soil and atmosphere. The results indicate that the lead content of amaranth substantially exceeded China's national standard when Pb concentration from soils and atmosphere was high, and comparing to teenagers and adults, children exposed a higher health risk after consuming the contaminated amaranth. Under the co-stress, the lead in roots of amaranth mainly came from the soil, but the Pb from atmospheric deposition can significantly affect the lead concentration in leaves. While lead from atmospheric deposition is found to promote the growth of amaranth, the stress of lead from the soils shows an inhibitory effect, as indicated by the increase in H2O2 content, the damage in cell membranes, and the limitation in chlorophyll synthesis. The antioxidant system in stems and leaves of amaranth can effectively alleviate the Pb toxicity. However, the stress of high lead concentration from soils can substantially suppress the antioxidant enzyme activity of roots. While it is found that heavy metals in soils can significantly affect the vegetables grown in a multi-source pollution environment, we also call for the attention on the potential health risk imposed by the lead from atmospheric deposition. This study provides an important reference for the prevention and control of crop contamination in multi-source pollution environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chufan Liu
- Guangdong Research Center for Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Science, Shenzhen 518001, PR China
| | - Rongbo Xiao
- Guangdong Research Center for Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Fei Huang
- Guangdong Research Center for Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Department of Geography, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Weijie Dai
- Guangdong Research Center for Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Meili Xu
- Guangdong Research Center for Industrial Contaminated Site Remediation Technology and Equipment Engineering, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Bashir I, War AF, Rafiq I, Reshi ZA, Rashid I, Shouche YS. Phyllosphere microbiome: Diversity and functions. Microbiol Res 2021; 254:126888. [PMID: 34700185 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Phyllosphere or aerial surface of plants represents the globally largest and peculiar microbial habitat that inhabits diverse and rich communities of bacteria, fungi, viruses, cyanobacteria, actinobacteria, nematodes, and protozoans. These hyperdiverse microbial communities are related to the host's specific functional traits and influence the host's physiology and the ecosystem's functioning. In the last few years, significant advances have been made in unravelling several aspects of phyllosphere microbiology, including diversity and microbial community composition, dynamics, and functional interactions. This review highlights the current knowledge about the assembly, structure, and composition of phyllosphere microbial communities across spatio-temporal scales, besides functional significance of different microbial communities to the plant host and the surrounding environment. The knowledge will help develop strategies for modelling and manipulating these highly beneficial microbial consortia for furthering scientific inquiry into their interactions with the host plants and also for their useful and economic utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Bashir
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| | - Aadil Farooq War
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Iflah Rafiq
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Zafar A Reshi
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Irfan Rashid
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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45
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Su L, Xie Y, He Z, Zhang J, Tang Y, Zhou X. Network response of two cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) cultivars to Cadmium stress as revealed by transcriptome analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112473. [PMID: 34224970 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination severely threatens human health. Therefore, screening and breeding low-Cd absorption cultivars of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is essential to restrict human Cd intake. In this study, a hydroponic experiment was conducted to perform a comparative transcriptome analysis of the leaves of two cherry tomato cultivars with different Cd contents under different Cd stress (0, 10, and 50 μM), for the purpose of exploring the differences in the transcriptional responses to Cd stress between the two cultivars. Our results revealed that the Cd content in the leaves of HLZ (Hanluzhe; a low-Cd accumulation cultivar) was significantly lower than that in the leaves of LFC (Lvfeicui; a high-Cd accumulation cultivar). Transcriptome analysis showed that the different expression genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in plant hormone signal transduction, antioxidant enzymes, cell wall biosynthesis, and metal transportation. In the LFC leaves, DEGs in the IAA signal transduction and antioxidant enzymes exhibited higher transcription levels. However, the DEGs in the ETH signal transduction demonstrated a lower transcription level compared to that of HLZ. Over-expressed genes in the pectin biosynthesis and pectin methylesterase (PME) of the LFC leaves might result in the trapping of Cd by increased levels of low-methylated pectin around the cell wall. Furthermore, Cd transporter genes, such as HMA5, NRAMP6, CAX3, ABCC3, and PDR1, were up-regulated in the HLZ leaves, indicating that the HLZ cultivar comprised an active Cd transport capacity from apoplast to vacuolar. This may contribute to the low Cd concentration observed in the HLZ leaves. Overall, our study provides a molecular basis for tomato screening and breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Su
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yongdong Xie
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute for Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Zhongqun He
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yi Tang
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
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Wróblewska K, Jeong BR. Effectiveness of plants and green infrastructure utilization in ambient particulate matter removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES EUROPE 2021; 33:110. [PMID: 34603905 PMCID: PMC8475335 DOI: 10.1186/s12302-021-00547-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is regarded as an increasingly threatening, major environmental risk for human health. Seven million deaths are attributed to air pollution each year, 91% of which is due to particulate matter. Vegetation is a xenobiotic means of removing particulate matter. This review presents the mechanisms of PM capture by plants and factors that influence PM reduction in the atmosphere. Vegetation is ubiquitously approved as a PM removal solution in cities, taking various forms of green infrastructure. This review also refers to the effectiveness of plant exploitation in GI: trees, grasslands, green roofs, living walls, water reservoirs, and urban farming. Finally, methods of increasing the PM removal by plants, such as species selection, biodiversity increase, PAH-degrading phyllospheric endophytes, transgenic plants and microorganisms, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Wróblewska
- Department of Horticulture, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828 South Korea
| | - Byoung Ryong Jeong
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828 South Korea
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828 South Korea
- Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
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47
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Liu HL, Zhou J, Li M, Obrist D, Wang XZ, Zhou J. Chemical speciation of trace metals in atmospheric deposition and impacts on soil geochemistry and vegetable bioaccumulation near a large copper smelter in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 413:125346. [PMID: 33621776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric deposition is an important source of trace metals to surface environments, but knowledge about plant bioavailability of recently deposited metals and their fate in the soil-plant system is limited. We performed a fully factorial soil and atmosphere exposure experiment with three vegetables (radish, lettuce, and soybean). Treatments included soil profiles collected from three sites located along a strong gradient of atmospheric deposition with each soil type deployed across the three sites for one year, which allowed to effectively distinguish impacts of recently deposited metals (<1 year) from longer-term trace metal exposures in soils. Results showed that recently deposited copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) accounted for 0.5-15.2% of total soil Cu, Cd, and Pb pools at the site most heavily impacted by atmospheric deposition, while recent deposition contributed 15-76% of Cu, Cd, and Pb concentrations in edible parts of vegetables. In addition, soil geochemical extractions showed that bioavailable fractions of trace metals from recent deposition (52-73%) were higher compared to metals previously present in soils (7-42%). These findings highlight a preferential uptake and high rates of bioaccumulation of deposited metals in vegetables and suggest a high potential of environmental risks of food pollution under high atmospheric metal deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; Department of Environmental, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA; National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement, Red Soil Ecological Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan 335211, PR China.
| | - Min Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Daniel Obrist
- Department of Environmental, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
| | - Xiao-Zhi Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, PR China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, PR China; National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement, Red Soil Ecological Experiment Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yingtan 335211, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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48
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Krupnova TG, Rakova OV, Gavrilkina SV, Antoshkina EG, Baranov EO, Dmitrieva AP, Somova AV. Extremely high concentrations of zinc in birch tree leaves collected in Chelyabinsk, Russia. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:2551-2570. [PMID: 32488796 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00605-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element and a vital microelement for human health. Zinc can be toxic when exposures exceed physiological needs. Toxic effects in humans are most evident from inhalation exposure to high concentrations of Zn compounds. Urban air pollution can be especially dangerous due to the Zn content in airborne dust. Tree leaves can absorb significant levels of zinc. In this study, leaf deposition of Zn was investigated in Chelyabinsk, Russia. Russian zinc production plant and metallurgical plant are located in Chelyabinsk. Extremely high concentrations of Zn (316-4000 mg kg-1) were found in the leaves of birch trees. It is well known that traffic also is Zn source in an urban environment. Trees, growing at the different distances from zinc production and metallurgical plants and road to identify the contribution of each source (road or industry), were studied. Through SEM analysis, the prevalence of small particulates (PM10 and less), containing Zn, illustrated leaf Zn deposition from the air by passing root accumulation. It was shown that emission of zinc production plant and the metallurgical plant is the main source of leaf Zn deposition in Chelyabinsk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana G Krupnova
- Chemistry Department, South Ural State University, 76 Lenin Prospect, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454080.
| | - Olga V Rakova
- Chemistry Department, South Ural State University, 76 Lenin Prospect, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454080
| | - Svetlana V Gavrilkina
- South Urals Federal Research Center of Mineralogy and Geoecology of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miass, Russia, 456317
| | - Elizaveta G Antoshkina
- Chemistry Department, South Ural State University, 76 Lenin Prospect, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454080
| | - Evgeny O Baranov
- Chemistry Department, South Ural State University, 76 Lenin Prospect, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454080
| | - Anastasia P Dmitrieva
- Chemistry Department, South Ural State University, 76 Lenin Prospect, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454080
| | - Anna V Somova
- Chemistry Department, South Ural State University, 76 Lenin Prospect, Chelyabinsk, Russia, 454080
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Zhang Z, Shang H, Xing B, He L. In situ and real time investigation of foliarly applied silver nanoparticles on and in spinach leaves by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopic mapping. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:2567-2574. [PMID: 34047309 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00346a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the behavior and biological fate of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) applied on plant surfaces is significant for their risk assessment. Our study's objective is to investigate the interactions between AgNPs and plant biomolecules as well as to monitor and quantify the penetration of AgNPs in spinach by an in situ and real-time surface enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) mapping technique. AgNPs (2 μg per leaf) of different surface coatings (citrate, CIT, and polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP) and sizes (40 and 100 nm) were foliarly applied onto spinach leaves with different exposure times (1-48 h). Cysteine is the major biomolecule that interacts with AgNPs in spinach based on the in situ and in vitro SERS pattern recognition. The interaction between CIT-AgNPs and cysteine happened in as early as 1 h after AgNP foliar deposition, which is faster than the interaction between PVP-AgNPs and cysteine. Also, the SERS depth mapping shows that particle size rather than surface coating determines the penetration capability of AgNPs in spinach, in which 40 nm AgNPs show a deeper penetration than the 100 nm ones. Last but not least, based on the results of SERS mapping, we detected significantly higher amounts of 40 nm CIT-/PVP-AgNPs than 100 nm CIT-AgNPs internalized in the leaf tissues after 1 h exposure. The estimated percentage of internalized AgNPs (0.2-0.8%) was significantly smaller than that of the total residual Ag (9-12%), indicating the potential transformation of the AgNPs into other Ag species inside the plant tissues. This study facilitates a better understanding of the behavior and biological fate of AgNPs in plant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, 240 Chenoweth Laboratory, 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
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Ha N, Seo E, Kim S, Lee SJ. Adsorption of nanoparticles suspended in a drop on a leaf surface of Perilla frutescens and their infiltration through stomatal pathway. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11556. [PMID: 34079002 PMCID: PMC8172645 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) has become a severe environmental issue, and ultrafine PM particles such as PM2.5 or PM1 can cause various complications and respiratory diseases to human beings. In particular, heavy metals contained in PM particles can contaminate edible plants; for example, plant leaves are exposed to PM particle-laden raindrops. The contaminated edible plants can injure the human health by ingestion, so a detailed understanding on the accumulation of PM particles inside edible plants is essential. In this study, we investigate the infiltration of PM particles in plant tissues with a hypothesis that ultrafine PM particles are absorbed through stomatal pathways. As an edible test plant, Perilla frutescens is selected. Drops of gold nanoparticle (AuNP) suspension are deposited on a leaf of P. frutescens to simulate the scenario where PM particle-laden raindrops fall on patulous stomata of the test plant. To examine AuNP adsorption on the P. frutescens foliar surface and diffusional AuNP absorption through stomatal apertures, we investigate three physical dynamics of AuNPs suspended in a sessile drop: sedimentation, evaporation-driven convective flow, and shrinkage of the drop interface. Quantitative information on the 3D spatial distribution of AuNPs in plant tissues was measured by X-ray imaging and two-photon excitation microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center of Biofluid and Biomimic Research, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunseok Seo
- Division of Mechanical Engineering for Creative Emerging Technologies, Center of Biofluid and Biomimic Research, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonghan Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Joon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center of Biofluid and Biomimic Research, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77, Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea.
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