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Shang N, Wang C, Kong J, Yu H, Li J, Hao W, Huang T, Yang H, He H, Huang C. Dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs-d) in response to hydrology variation and anthropogenic activities in the Yangtze River, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116673. [PMID: 36375425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their bioavailability and toxicity, the dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs-d) loaded in rivers are harmful to both inland and marine ecosystems. Thus, exploring the changes in PAHs-d levels and sources is important for controlling PAHs pollution. In this study, the concentration of PAHs-d in the mainstream of the Yangtze River during dry and wet seasons was investigated and the source was analyzed using the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model to assess the response of PAHs-d to hydrological and anthropogenic activities changes. The concentration of PAHs-d in the wet season (166.2 ± 52.51 ng/L) was significantly higher than that in the dry season (89.05 ± 20.89 ng/L) (ANOVA, P < 0.001), and the sampling sites with high pollution were mainly distributed in the downstream urban agglomeration. Herein, 2-3 rings were identified to play a dominant role in the composition of PAHs-d. Compared with the dry season, the proportion of the low molecular weight (LMW) PAHs-d were relatively depleted and the high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs-d were accumulated in the wet season. Coal and coke combustion were identified as the main sources of PAHs-d (65.9% in the dry season and 59.2% in the wet season), followed by vehicle emissions, petroleum sources, and biomass combustion. Owing to the change in energy consumption structure and climate characteristics, the sources of PAHs-d displayed seasonal variation and spatial heterogeneity. Further, flow was identified as the most important factor affecting PAHs-d in the hydrological parameters. Increases of flow, pH, and SPM decreased the proportion of LMW PAHs-d, and increased that of HMW PAHs-d. The increase in anthropogenic activities intensified the residual levels of 2-3rings and 5-6 rings in water, but had no significant impact on the levels of 4 rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Shang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Chuan Wang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jijie Kong
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; The State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Heyu Yu
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Jianhong Li
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Weiyue Hao
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China
| | - Tao Huang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecological and Resource Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, 354300, China
| | - Changchun Huang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China; Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Zieritz A, Sousa R, Aldridge DC, Douda K, Esteves E, Ferreira‐Rodríguez N, Mageroy JH, Nizzoli D, Osterling M, Reis J, Riccardi N, Daill D, Gumpinger C, Vaz AS. A global synthesis of ecosystem services provided and disrupted by freshwater bivalve molluscs. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2022; 97:1967-1998. [PMID: 35770724 PMCID: PMC9545824 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Identification of ecosystem services, i.e. the contributions that ecosystems make to human well-being, has proven instrumental in galvanising public and political support for safeguarding biodiversity and its benefits to people. Here we synthesise the global evidence on ecosystem services provided and disrupted by freshwater bivalves, a heterogenous group of >1200 species, including some of the most threatened (in Unionida) and invasive (e.g. Dreissena polymorpha) taxa globally. Our systematic literature review resulted in a data set of 904 records from 69 countries relating to 24 classes of provisioning (N = 189), cultural (N = 491) and regulating (N = 224) services following the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES). Prominent ecosystem services included (i) the provisioning of food, materials and medicinal products, (ii) knowledge acquisition (e.g. on water quality, past environments and historical societies), ornamental and other cultural contributions, and (iii) the filtration, sequestration, storage and/or transformation of biological and physico-chemical water properties. About 9% of records provided evidence for the disruption rather than provision of ecosystem services. Synergies and trade-offs of ecosystem services were observed. For instance, water filtration by freshwater bivalves can be beneficial for the cultural service 'biomonitoring', while negatively or positively affecting food consumption or human recreation. Our evidence base spanned a total of 91 genera and 191 species, dominated by Unionida (55% of records, 76% of species), Veneroida (21 and 9%, respectively; mainly Corbicula spp.) and Myoida (20 and 4%, respectively; mainly Dreissena spp.). About one third of records, predominantly from Europe and the Americas, related to species that were non-native to the country of study. The majority of records originated from Asia (35%), with available evidence for 23 CICES classes, as well as Europe (29%) and North America (23%), where research was largely focused on 'biomonitoring'. Whilst the earliest record (from 1949) originated from North America, since 2000, annual output of records has increased rapidly in Asia and Europe. Future research should focus on filling gaps in knowledge in lesser-studied regions, including Africa and South America, and should look to provide a quantitative valuation of the socio-economic costs and benefits of ecosystem services shaped by freshwater bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Zieritz
- School of GeographyUniversity of NottinghamUniversity Park, Sir Clive Granger BuildingNG7 2RDNottinghamUK
| | - Ronaldo Sousa
- CBMA – Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of BiologyUniversity of MinhoCampus Gualtar4710‐057BragaPortugal
| | - David C. Aldridge
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of CambridgeDowning StreetCambridgeCB2 3EJUK
| | - Karel Douda
- Department of Zoology and FisheriesCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamýcká129PragueCzech Republic
| | - Eduardo Esteves
- Departamento de Engenharia Alimentar, Instituto Superior de Engenharia and CCMAR Centre of Marine SciencesUniversidade do AlgarveEstr. da Penha8005‐139FaroPortugal
| | - Noé Ferreira‐Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de BioloxíaUniversidade de VigoCampus As Lagoas – Marcosende36310VigoSpain
| | - Jon H. Mageroy
- Norwegian Institute of Nature Research, OsloSognsveien 680855OsloNorway
| | - Daniele Nizzoli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaViale delle Scienze, 11/A43124ParmaItaly
| | - Martin Osterling
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences – BiologyKarlstad UniversityUniversitetsgatan 2651 88KarlstadSweden
| | - Joaquim Reis
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de LisboaMARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences CentreCampo Grande1749‐016LisbonPortugal
| | - Nicoletta Riccardi
- CNR‐IRSA Water Research InstituteCorso Tonolli, 5028922Verbania Pallanza (VB)Italy
| | - Daniel Daill
- blattfisch e.U. – Consultants in Aquatic Ecology and EngineeringGabelsbergerstraße 74600WelsAustria
| | - Clemens Gumpinger
- blattfisch e.U. – Consultants in Aquatic Ecology and EngineeringGabelsbergerstraße 74600WelsAustria
| | - Ana Sofia Vaz
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de VairãoUniversidade do Porto4485‐661VairãoPortugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do Porto4099‐002PortoPortugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão4485‐661VairãoPortugal
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3
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Passive sampling as an alternative strategy to monitor metals and PAHs trends at an upstream and rural catchment: a French case study. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-022-04990-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe study presents an alternative strategy to conventional spot sampling for monitoring metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at an upstream, rural and karstic catchment in the north eastern part of France, in order to get insight into their spatial and temporal variability. Passive samplers, as diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) and semipermeable membrane device (SPMD), are monthly deployed from August 2012 to March 2016 at five of the catchment monitoring stations located on the Saulx and Ornain Rivers. An improvement of the frequency of quantification (by a factor 2 to 8, depending on the targeted compound) is observed allowing us to better identify spatial and temporal variability. For instance, the upstream monitoring station on the Saulx River is characterized by high concentrations of Ni and Mn whereas the upstream monitoring station on the Ornain River is enriched in Cu and Zn. Furthermore, five metals (Al, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn) and three PAHs (fluoranthene, pyrene and chrysene) show significant variations with water levels when grouped in three categories (low, medium and high water levels) in relation with hydrological and climatic patterns. This study leads to a more accurate assessment of the background pollution in metals and PAHs within surface waters than when based on spot sampling data.
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Teunen L, De Jonge M, Malarvannan G, Covaci A, Belpaire C, Focant JF, Blust R, Bervoets L. Effect of abiotic factors and environmental concentrations on the bioaccumulation of persistent organic and inorganic compounds to freshwater fish and mussels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 799:149448. [PMID: 34371403 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Many aquatic ecosystems are under persistent stress due to influxes of anthropogenic chemical pollutants. High concentrations can harm entire ecosystems and be toxic to humans. However, in case of highly hydrophobic compounds, their low water solubility precludes direct measurement in water, and thus alternative monitoring strategies are needed. In the present study, we investigated the extent to which bioaccumulated concentrations of persistent compounds can be predicted by concentrations in environmental compartments (water and sediment). Due to their high biomagnification potential, Hg and PFOS were included in this analysis as well. At 44 field locations in Flanders (Belgium), we monitored the concentrations of 11 priority compounds and their derivatives, included in the Water Framework Directive, in both sediment and water (where feasible) and biota (European perch, European eel and freshwater mussels). Besides, some sediment (i.e. total organic carbon (TOC) and clay content) and water characteristics were measured (i.e. pH, oxygen level, conductivity, nitrate, nitrite and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)). Measurements of HCB, HCBD, cis-heptachlorepoxide, HBCD and PFOS in sediment and ∑PCB in water showed a lower detection frequency than in fish samples. While PCB profiles were comparable between all matrices, for PBDE clear differences were detected between sediment and fish profiles, with BDE99 contributing the most for sediment (34%) and BDE47 for fish (≥44%), followed by BDE99 for perch (28%) and BDE100 for eel (25%). Water concentrations for PFOS and benzo(a)pyrene were predictive of respective bioaccumulated concentrations. HCB, ∑PCB and ∑PBDE, concentrations in fish were dependent on sediment concentrations and negatively related to organic compound levels (p < 0.05). Furthermore, pH and nitrite were negatively associated with accumulated concentrations in eel for HCB and PFOS, respectively (p < 0.05). Strong relationships between bioaccumulation and sediment and/or water concentrations strengthened the basis for surrogate monitoring methods. Finally, the extrapolation potential of Hg, ∑PBDE, PFOS, HBCD and ∑PCB between both fish species offered new opportunities in extrapolating different European monitoring frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lies Teunen
- Department of Biology, Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research Group, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Maarten De Jonge
- Flanders Environment Agency (VMM), Dokter De Moorstraat 24-26, B-9300 Aalst, Belgium
| | - Govindan Malarvannan
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Claude Belpaire
- Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Dwersbos 28, B-1630 Linkebeek, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Focant
- CART, Organic and Biological Analytical Chemistry, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, University of Liège, Allée de la Chimie 3, B-6c Start-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Ronny Blust
- Department of Biology, Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research Group, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lieven Bervoets
- Department of Biology, Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research Group, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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5
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Liu Z, Li W, Zhu X, Hua R, Wu X, Xue J. Combination of polyurethane and polymethyl methacrylate thin films as a microextraction sorbent for rapid adsorption and sensitive determination of neonicotinoid insecticides in fruit juice and tea by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1659:462646. [PMID: 34735961 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An economical and effective thin film microextraction (TFME) for simultaneous analysis of ten neonicotinoid insecticides and metabolites in fruit juice and tea, was developed based on the combination of polyurethane (PU) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) films as the sorbent followed by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The PU/PMMA composite was evidenced to possess rapid adsorption and strong accumulation towards neonicotinoids compared with the films used alone. A series of parameters were optimized, and the agitation mode, film size, ionic strength, desorption solvent and sample pH were found to dominate the microextraction process rather than the extraction temperature, agitation time and sample volume. The thin films are cost effective and efficient for single use analysis, but still can be reused at least 8 times with no significant loss in performance. The ten neonicotinoids were measured with good recoveries (81.1-107.9%), high enrichment factors (up to 135), low limits of detection (0.001-0.1 µg L-1), and wide linearity range (1-500 µg L-1, r2>0.9981) in fruit juice (apple, lemon, and pomegranate) and tea (green tea and black tea) samples. The proposed method was successfully applied to commercial fruit and tea drinks, and no samples were tested positive on target neonicotinoids. The PU/PMMA based TFME has shown great potential as an alternative to exhaustive extraction techniques for routine screening of trace neonicotinoids in fruit juice and tea by simplifying the analytical procedure, shortening the operation time, and lowering the material expense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikun Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, P. R. China
| | - Wenhui Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, P. R. China
| | - Xianbin Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, P. R. China
| | - Rimao Hua
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, P. R. China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Xue
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, P. R. China.
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6
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Xue J, Zhu X, Liu Z, Hua R, Wu X. Using silicone rubber and polyvinylchloride as equilibrium passive samplers for rapid and sensitive monitoring of pyrethroid insecticides in aquatic environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138797. [PMID: 32339841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Passive sampling to regularly identify the occurrence of pyrethroid insecticides in urban streams is a crucial work of risk management with respect to intrinsic toxicity of pyrethroids to aquatic organisms. Polymeric films, based on an equilibrium sampling principle, have found increasing use as passive samplers for hydrophobic contaminants. Herein, we investigated two thin-film samplers, namely silicone rubber (SR) and polyvinylchloride (PVC), compatible with a suite of 8 pyrethroids, for measuring freely dissolved concentrations (Cfree) in water. The characteristics of SR and PVC samplers were estimated in terms of equilibrium partitioning coefficients (Kf) with log units of 3.90-4.67 and sampling rates (Rs) of 0.011-0.016 L/h. The parameters were correlated positively with octanol-water partition coefficients of the compounds, whereas independent on water solubility. A strong agreement between Cfree obtained from the two samplers was observed in a range of 0.1-10 μg/L for pyrethroids under laboratory simulated conditions. Both of SR and PVC were confirmed as equilibrium samplers with faster sampling rates of pyrethroids that equilibrated on films within only one week, and higher accumulation at factors of 5.3-12.5 and 1.5-2.4 compared to a performance reference compound (PRC)-preload sampler. Additionally, the comparable results of the two passive sampling methods in multiple field applications indicated that the direct deployment of the two samplers without PRCs calibration can provide reliable assessment of trace concentrations. This study demonstrated the routine utilization of SR and PVC as promising tools for rapid and sensitive in-situ monitoring of pyrethroids, and indicators for the bioavailability against total chemical concentrations in variable aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Xue
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China.
| | - Xianbin Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Zikun Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Rimao Hua
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, PR China
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7
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Honda M, Suzuki N. Toxicities of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons for Aquatic Animals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E1363. [PMID: 32093224 PMCID: PMC7068426 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds that are widely distributed in the air, water, and soil. Recently, the amount of PAHs derived from fuels and from incomplete combustion processes is increasing. In the aquatic environment, oil spills directly cause PAH pollution and affect marine organisms. Oil spills correlate very well with the major shipping routes. Furthermore, accidental oil spills can seriously impact the marine environment toxicologically. Here, we describe PAH toxicities and related bioaccumulation properties in aquatic animals, including invertebrates. Recent studies have revealed the toxicity of PAHs, including endocrine disruption and tissue-specific toxicity, although researchers have mainly focused on the carcinogenic toxicity of PAHs. We summarize the toxicity of PAHs regarding these aspects. Additionally, the bioaccumulation properties of PAHs for organisms, including invertebrates, are important factors when considering PAH toxicity. In this review, we describe the bioaccumulation properties of PAHs in aquatic animals. Recently, microplastics have been the most concerning environmental problem in the aquatic ecosystem, and the vector effect of microplastics for lipophilic compounds is an emerging environmental issue. Here, we describe the correlation between PAHs and microplastics. Thus, we concluded that PAHs have a toxicity for aquatic animals, indicating that we should emphasize the prevention of aquatic PAH pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Honda
- Botanical Garden, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan;
| | - Nobuo Suzuki
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
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McDougall M, Francisco O, Harder-Viddal C, Roshko R, Heide F, Sidhu S, Khajehpour M, Leslie J, Palace V, Tomy GT, Stetefeld J. Proteinaceous Nano container Encapsulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1058. [PMID: 30705306 PMCID: PMC6355809 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxic, mutagenic and among the most damaging chemical compounds with regard to living organisms. Because of their persistence and wide distribution removal from the environment is an important challenge. Here we report a new Nano container matrix based on the deep sea archaea-derived RHCC-Nanotube (RHCC-NT), which rapidly and preferentially binds low molecular weight PAHs. Under controlled-laboratory conditions and using fluorescence spectroscopy in combination with X-ray crystallography and MD simulations, we quantified the real-time binding of low molecular weight PAHs (2–4 rings) to our substrate. Binding coefficients ranged from 5.4 ± 1.6 (fluorene) to 32 ± 7.0 μM (acenaphthylene) and a binding capacity of 85 pmoles PAH per mg RHCC-NT, or 2.12 μmoles in a standard 25 mg sampler. The uptake rate of pyrene was calculated to be 1.59 nmol/hr∙mol RHCC-NT (at 10 C). Our results clearly show that RHCC-NT is uniquely suited as a monitoring matrix for low molecular weight PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew McDougall
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.,Centre for Oil and Gas Research and Development (COGRAD), 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Olga Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.,Centre for Oil and Gas Research and Development (COGRAD), 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Candice Harder-Viddal
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Canadian Mennonite University, 500 Shaftesbury Blvd, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Roy Roshko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, 30A Sifton Rd, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Fabian Heide
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Shubleen Sidhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Mazdak Khajehpour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jennifer Leslie
- Stantec Consulting Inc., 500-311 Portage Ave., Winnipeg, MB, R3B 2B9, Canada
| | - Vince Palace
- IISD-Experimental Lakes Area, 111 Lombard Ave, Winnipeg, MB, R3B 0T4, Canada
| | - Gregg T Tomy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada.,Centre for Oil and Gas Research and Development (COGRAD), 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Jörg Stetefeld
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada. .,Centre for Oil and Gas Research and Development (COGRAD), 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
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9
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Zhao D, Zhang P, Ge L, Zheng GJ, Wang X, Liu W, Yao Z. The legacy of organochlorinated pesticides (OCPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in Chinese coastal seawater monitored by semi-permeable membrane devices (SPMDs). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 137:222-230. [PMID: 30503428 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Semi-permeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were applied to sample some Organochlorinated Pesticides (OCPs), Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) from the seawater of 14 Chinese coastal areas. The total concentrations of OCPs (∑16OCPs), PAHs (∑15PAHs) and PCBs (∑35PCBs) were in the ranges of 489.2-2174, 589.4-53,160, and 133.2-3658 ng/g lipid, respectively. The ∑15PAHs varied significantly with the sampling locations, which were far higher in north Chinese coastal areas than in south areas, whereas ∑16OCPs and ∑35PCBs only slightly fluctuated along the entire coast line. Comparing SPMD to grab sampler, it was found that the distribution patterns of the PCBs and OCPs in seawater were generally similar. However, the compositional profiles of the PAHs, PCBs, DDTs and HCHs in SPMDs were slightly different to grab samplers and organisms. The SPMDs accumulated less lipotropic compounds, which are inclined to dissolve in water rather than in organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Area (SOA), National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, China, Dalian 116023, PR China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Area (SOA), National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, China, Dalian 116023, PR China; Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Linke Ge
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Area (SOA), National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, China, Dalian 116023, PR China
| | - Gene J Zheng
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, PR China
| | - Ziwei Yao
- Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Area (SOA), National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, China, Dalian 116023, PR China.
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10
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Evariste L, David E, Cloutier PL, Brousseau P, Auffret M, Desrosiers M, Groleau PE, Fournier M, Betoulle S. Field biomonitoring using the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha and the quagga mussel Dreissena bugensis following immunotoxic reponses. Is there a need to separate the two species? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 238:706-716. [PMID: 29621730 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha constitutes an extensively used sentinel species for biomonitoring in European and North American freshwater systems. However, this invasive species is gradually replaced in freshwater ecosystem by Dreissena bugensis, a closely related dreissenid species that shares common morphological characteristics but possess some physiological differences. However, few are known about differences on more integrated physiological processes that are generally used as biomarkers in biological monitoring studies. Declining of zebra mussel populations raises the question of the sustainability of using one or both species indifferently to maintain the quality of environmental pollution monitoring data. In our study, we performed a field comparative study measuring immune-related markers and bioaccumulation of PCBs, PAHs and PBDEs in sympatrically occurring mussel populations from three sites of the St. Lawrence River. For tested organisms, species were identified using RFLP analysis. Measurement of bioaccumulated organic compounds indicated a higher accumulation of PCBs and PBDEs in D. bugensis soft tissues compared to D. polymorpha while no differences were noticed for PAHs. Results of hemocytic parameters highlighted that differences of hemocyte distributions were associated to modulations of phagocytic activities. Moreover, marked differences occurred in measurement of hemocytic oxidative activity, indicating divergences between the two species for ROS regulation strategies. This physiological characteristic may deeply influence species responses facing environmental or pollution related stress and induce bias if the two species are not differentiated in further biomarker or bioaccumulation measurement-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauris Evariste
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-INERIS 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des Milieux Aquatiques), Reims, France; INRS, Institut Armand Frappier, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec, H7V 1B7, Canada.
| | - Elise David
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-INERIS 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des Milieux Aquatiques), Reims, France
| | - Pierre-Luc Cloutier
- INRS, Institut Armand Frappier, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec, H7V 1B7, Canada; Centre d'expertise en Analyse Environnementale du Québec, Ministère du Développement Durable, de l'Environnement et de la Lutte Contre les Changements Climatiques, 2700, Rue Einstein, Québec City, Québec, G1P 3W8, Canada
| | - Pauline Brousseau
- INRS, Institut Armand Frappier, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Michel Auffret
- Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Laboratoire LEMAR, Plouzané, France
| | - Mélanie Desrosiers
- Centre d'expertise en Analyse Environnementale du Québec, Ministère du Développement Durable, de l'Environnement et de la Lutte Contre les Changements Climatiques, 2700, Rue Einstein, Québec City, Québec, G1P 3W8, Canada
| | - Paule Emilie Groleau
- Centre d'expertise en Analyse Environnementale du Québec, Ministère du Développement Durable, de l'Environnement et de la Lutte Contre les Changements Climatiques, 850, Boulevard Vanier, Laval, QC, H7C 2M7, Canada
| | - Michel Fournier
- INRS, Institut Armand Frappier, 531 Boulevard des Prairies, Laval, Québec, H7V 1B7, Canada
| | - Stéphane Betoulle
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-INERIS 02 SEBIO (Stress Environnementaux et Biosurveillance des Milieux Aquatiques), Reims, France
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11
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Mali N, Cerar S, Koroša A, Auersperger P. Passive sampling as a tool for identifying micro-organic compounds in groundwater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 593-594:722-734. [PMID: 28364607 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents the use of a simple and cost efficient passive sampling device with integrated active carbon with which to test the possibility of determining the presence of micro-organic compounds (MOs) in groundwater and identifying the potential source of pollution as well as the seasonal variability of contamination. Advantage of the passive sampler is to cover a long sampling period by integrating the pollutant concentration over time, and the consequently analytical costs over the monitoring period can be reduced substantially. Passive samplers were installed in 15 boreholes in the Maribor City area in Slovenia, with two sampling campaigns covered a period about one year. At all sampling sites in the first series a total of 103 compounds were detected, and 144 in the second series. Of all detected compounds the 53 most frequently detected were selected for further analysis. These were classified into eight groups based on the type of their source: Pesticides, Halogenated solvents, Non-halogenated solvents, Domestic and personal, Plasticizers and additives, Other industrial, Sterols and Natural compounds. The most frequently detected MO compounds in groundwater were tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene from the Halogenated solvents group. The most frequently detected among the compound's groups were pesticides. Analysis of frequency also showed significant differences between the two sampling series, with less frequent detections in the summer series. For the analysis to determine the origin of contamination three groups of compounds were determined according to type of use: agriculture, urban and industry. Frequency of detection indicates mixed land use in the recharge areas of sampling sites, which makes it difficult to specify the dominant origin of the compound. Passive sampling has proved to be useful tool with which to identify MOs in groundwater and for assessing groundwater quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mali
- Geological Survey of Slovenia, Department of Hydrogeology, Dimičeva ulica 14, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - S Cerar
- Geological Survey of Slovenia, Department of Hydrogeology, Dimičeva ulica 14, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - A Koroša
- Geological Survey of Slovenia, Department of Hydrogeology, Dimičeva ulica 14, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - P Auersperger
- Public Water Supply Company Vodovod-Kanalizacija, Vodovodna cesta 90, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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12
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Determination of Phenols Isomers in Water by Novel Nanosilica/Polydimethylsiloxane-Coated Stirring Bar Combined with High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8697. [PMID: 28821791 PMCID: PMC5562817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel nanosilica/polydimethylsiloxane (SiO2/PDMS) coated stirring bar was adopted in the sorption extraction (SBSE) of phenols in water, and the high performance liquid chromatography-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (HPLC-FTIR) was subsequently used to determination of phenol concentration. The SiO2/PDMS coating was prepared by sol-gel method and characterized with respect to morphology and specific surface area. The results of field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and N2 adsorption-desorption as well as phenol adsorption experiments denoted that SiO2/PDMS has larger surface area and better adsorption capacity than commercial PDMS. The extraction efficiency of phenol with SiO2/PDMS coated stirring bar was optimized in terms of ion strength, flow rate of phenol-involved influent, type of desorption solvent and desorption time. More than 75% of phenol desorption efficiency could be kept even after 50 cycles of extraction, indicating the high stability of the SiO2/PDMS coated stirring bar. Approximately 0.16 mg/L 2, 5-dimethylphenol (2, 5-DMP), which was 34-fold more toxic than phenol, was detected in water through HPLC-FTIR. However, 2, 5-DMP could be oxidized to 5-methy-2-hydroxy benzaldehyde after disinfection in drinking water treatment process. Therefore, the proposed method of SiO2/PDMS-SBSE-HPLC-FTIR is successfully applied in the analysis of phenols isomers in aqueous environment.
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13
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Okay OS, Karacık B, Güngördü A, Yılmaz A, Koyunbaba NC, Yakan SD, Henkelmann B, Schramm KW, Ozmen M. Monitoring of organic pollutants in marine environment by semipermeable membrane devices and mussels: accumulation and biochemical responses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:19114-19125. [PMID: 28660514 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9594-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study involves the monitoring of organic pollutants using transplanted mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) as bioindicator organisms and semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) as passive samplers. Mussels and SPMDs were deployed to marinas, shipyards and shipbreaking yards on the coastal area of Turkey and retrieved after 60 days. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) and organochlorine pesticide (OCP) compounds were analysed with high-resolution GC-MS. Total PAH concentrations in SPMDs and mussels ranged from 200 to 4740 ng g sampler-1 and from 7.0 to 1130 ng g-1 in wet weight (ww). PCB and OCP concentrations in SPMDs changed between 0.04-200 and 4.0-26 ng g sampler-1, respectively. The highest PCB (190 ng g-1 ww) and OCP (200 ng g-1 ww) concentrations in mussels were measured at shipyard stations. A strong correlation was observed between the PAH and PCB concentrations in SPMDs and mussels. Enzyme assays (acetylcholinesterase, ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathion reductase and carboxylesterase activities) were performed as biomarkers to reveal the effects of pollution on the mussels. There was no clear relationship found between the enzyme levels and the pollutant concentrations in mussels. Integrated biomarker responses were calculated to interpret the overall effect of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oya S Okay
- Faculty of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Burak Karacık
- Faculty of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abbas Güngördü
- Arts and Sciences Faculty, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Inönü University, 44069, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Atilla Yılmaz
- Faculty of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazmi C Koyunbaba
- Faculty of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevil D Yakan
- Faculty of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bernhard Henkelmann
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Ecological Chemistry, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Karl-Werner Schramm
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Ecological Chemistry, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
- Department für Biowissenschaften, TUM, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung und Landnutzung, Weihenstephaner Steig 23, 85350, Freising, Germany
| | - Murat Ozmen
- Arts and Sciences Faculty, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Inönü University, 44069, Malatya, Turkey
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14
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Yao Y, Huang CL, Wang JZ, Ni HG, Yang ZY, Huang ZY, Bao LJ, Zeng EY. Significance of Anthropogenic Factors to Freely Dissolved Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Freshwater of China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:8304-8312. [PMID: 28653836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of surface water pollution by organic pollutants is a top priority in many parts of the world, as it provides critical information for implementing effective measures to ensure drinking water safety. This is particularly important in China, where insufficient data of national scale have been acquired on the occurrence of any organic pollutants in the country's water bodies. To fill the knowledge gap, we employed passive samplers to survey polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 42 freshwaters throughout the country. The dissolved Σ24PAH concentrations ranged from 0.28 to 538 ng L-1, with the highest and lowest values obtained in Southern Lake in Wuhan and in the Nam Co Lake in Tibet, respectively. Average Σ24PAH concentrations in West, Central, and East China correlated well with the population densities in these regions. The composition profiles of PAHs showed a mixed PAH source of coal combustion, fossil fuel combustion, and oil spills. In addition, all dissolved PAH concentrations were below the water guidelines developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the European Union, and the Canadian government, except for anthracene in Southern Lake. Our results also demonstrated the feasibility of establishing a global network of monitoring organic pollutants in the aquatic environment with passive sampling techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chun-Li Huang
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ji-Zhong Wang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology , Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Hong-Gang Ni
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Circular Economy, Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University , Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ze-Yu Yang
- Emergencies Science and Technology Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada , Ottawa, K1A0H3, Canada
| | - Zhi-Yong Huang
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lian-Jun Bao
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Eddy Y Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou 510640, China
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
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15
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Vincent-Hubert F, Uher E, Di Giorgio C, Michel C, De Meo M, Gourlay-France C. Use of low density polyethylene membranes for assessment of genotoxicity of PAHs in the Seine River. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:165-172. [PMID: 27933552 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1751-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The genotoxicity of river water dissolved contaminants is usually estimated after grab sampling of river water. Water contamination can now be obtained with passive samplers that allow a time-integrated sampling of contaminants. Since it was verified that low density polyethylene membranes (LDPE) accumulate labile hydrophobic compounds, their use was proposed as a passive sampler. This study was designed to test the applicability of passive sampling for combined chemical and genotoxicity measurements. The LDPE extracts were tested with the umu test (TA1535/pSK1002 ± S9) and the Ames assay (TA98, TA100 and YG1041 ± S9). We describe here this new protocol and its application in two field studies on four sites of the Seine River. Field LDPE extracts were negative with the YG1041 and TA100 and weakly positive with the TA98 + S9 and Umu test. Concentrations of labile mutagenic PAHs were higher upstream of Paris than downstream of Paris. Improvement of the method is needed to determine the genotoxicity of low concentrations of labile dissolved organic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Vincent-Hubert
- IRSTEA, UR Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés, 1 rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS10030, 92761, Antony cedex, France.
- Present address: IFREMER, Laboratoire de Microbiologie - LNR, rue de l'île d'Yeu, BP 21105, F 44311, Nantes, Cedex 03, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Uher
- IRSTEA, UR Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés, 1 rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS10030, 92761, Antony cedex, France
| | - Carole Di Giorgio
- Biogénotoxicologie et Mutagenèse Environnementales (EA 1784), Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | - Cécile Michel
- IRSTEA, UR Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés, 1 rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS10030, 92761, Antony cedex, France
| | - Michel De Meo
- Biogénotoxicologie et Mutagenèse Environnementales (EA 1784), Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille, France
| | - Catherine Gourlay-France
- IRSTEA, UR Hydrosystèmes et Bioprocédés, 1 rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS10030, 92761, Antony cedex, France
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16
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Martínez-Gómez C, Fernández B, Robinson CD, Campillo JA, León VM, Benedicto J, Hylland K, Vethaak AD. Assessing environmental quality status by integrating chemical and biological effect data: The Cartagena coastal zone as a case. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 124:106-117. [PMID: 27157536 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cartagena coastal zone (W Mediterranean) was chosen for a practical case study to investigate the suitability of an integrated indicator framework for marine monitoring and assessment of chemicals and their effects, which was developed by ICES and OSPAR. Red mullet (Mullus barbatus) and the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were selected as target species. Concentrations of contaminants in sediment and biota, and contaminant-related biomarkers were analysed. To assess environmental quality in the Cartagena coastal zone with respect to chemical pollution, data were assessed using available assessment criteria, and then integrated for different environmental matrices. A qualitative scoring method was used to rank the overall assessments into selected categories and to evaluate the confidence level of the final integrated assessment. The ICES/OSPAR integrated assessment framework, originally designed for the North Atlantic, was found to be applicable for Mediterranean species and environmental matrices. Further development of assessment criteria of chemical and biological parameters in sediments and target species from the Mediterranean will, however, be required before this framework can be fully applied for determining Good Environmental Status (GES) of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive in these regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Martínez-Gómez
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Varadero 1, PO BOX 22, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar (Murcia), Spain.
| | - Beatriz Fernández
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Varadero 1, PO BOX 22, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar (Murcia), Spain.
| | - Craig D Robinson
- Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, UK.
| | - J Antonio Campillo
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Varadero 1, PO BOX 22, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar (Murcia), Spain.
| | - Víctor M León
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Varadero 1, PO BOX 22, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar (Murcia), Spain.
| | - José Benedicto
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Oceanographic Centre of Murcia, Varadero 1, PO BOX 22, 30740 San Pedro del Pinatar (Murcia), Spain.
| | - Ketil Hylland
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, N0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - A Dick Vethaak
- VU University Amsterdam, Institute for Environmental Studies, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Deltares, Marine and Coastal Systems, P.O. Box 177, 2600 MH Delft, The Netherlands.
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17
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Ligaray M, Baek SS, Kwon HO, Choi SD, Cho KH. Watershed-scale modeling on the fate and transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 320:442-457. [PMID: 27585277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PAHs are potentially carcinogenic substances that are persistent in the environment. Increasing concentrations of PAHs were observed due to rapid urbanization, thus; monitoring PAHs concentrations is necessary. However, it is expensive to conduct intensive monitoring activities of a large number of PAHs. This study addressed this issue by developing a multimedia model coupled with a hydrological model (i.e., Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)) for Taehwa River (TR) watershed in Ulsan, the industrial capital of South Korea. The hydrologic module of the SWAT was calibrated, and further used to simulate the fate and transport of PAHs in soil and waterbody. The model demonstrated that the temporal or seasonal variation of PAHs in soil and waterbody can be well reproduced. Meanwhile, the spatial distribution of PAHs showed that urban areas in TR watershed have the highest PAH loadings compared to rural areas. Sensitivity analyses of the PAH soil and PAH water parameters were also able to determine the critical processes in TR watershed: degradation, deposition, volatilization, and wash off mechanism. We hope that this model will be able to aid the stakeholders in: regulating PAH concentrations emitted by various sources; and also apply the model to other Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayzonee Ligaray
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Soo Baek
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Ok Kwon
- Disaster Scientific Investigation Division, National Disaster Management Research Institute, 365 Jongga-ro Jung-gu, Ulsan 44538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Deuk Choi
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Hwa Cho
- School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, UNIST-gil 50, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Farrington JW, Tripp BW, Tanabe S, Subramanian A, Sericano JL, Wade TL, Knap AH. Edward D. Goldberg's proposal of "the Mussel Watch": Reflections after 40years. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 110:501-510. [PMID: 27339743 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.05.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We chronicle the extensive influence over the past forty years of Professor Edward D. Goldberg and his call in 1975 for a "Mussel Watch" or bivalve sentinel organism approach to assess geographic status and temporal trends of several chemicals of environmental concern in the coastal ocean. Examples of local, regional, national and international programs are discussed briefly as are examples of interesting useful findings and limitations to the Mussel Watch concept. Mussel Watch continues to provide useful data about status and trends of chemical contamination in coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruce W Tripp
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Shinsuke Tanabe
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
| | | | - José L Sericano
- Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Terry L Wade
- Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Anthony H Knap
- Geochemical and Environmental Research Group, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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19
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González-Fernández C, Albentosa M, Campillo JA, Viñas L, Franco A, Bellas J. Effect of mussel reproductive status on biomarker responses to PAHs: Implications for large-scale monitoring programs. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 177:380-394. [PMID: 27379756 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers are useful tools to assess biological effects of pollutants and have been extensively used in monitoring programs to determine ecosystem health. In these programs, a wide range of environmental conditions are covered and sometimes, obtained data are difficult to interpret because of natural variables are affecting biomarker responses. Among these variables, musseĺs reproductive status has been considered one of the most changing variables between sites in a monitoring survey. Thus, the main aim of this work was to identify the effect that mussel reproductive status has on biomarker responses. For that purpose, mussels sampled at two periods in the reproductive cycle (reproductive and resting stages) were conditioned to the same laboratory conditions and exposed to fluoranthene (FLU) for three weeks. Studied biomarkers covering a wide range of organism responses were included: bioaccumulation, physiological rates (clearance rate -CR-, absorption efficiency -AE-, respiration rate -RR- and their integration in the scope for growth -SFG-), antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide-dismutase -SOD-, catalase -CAT-, glutathione reductase -GR-, glutathione peroxidase -GPx-, glutathione-S-tranferase -GST-) and biochemical damage responses (lipid membrane peroxidation -LPO-). The results obtained evidenced that the levels of the biomarkers studied (RR, SOD, CAT and GPx) were higher at reproductive than at resting stage. On the other hand, the effect of toxicant was observed in SFG, CAT and GPx but this effect was only detected during the resting period. Moreover, there was a deterioration of mussel gonadal tissue with FLU exposure during reproductive stage. FLU accumulation in mussel tissues was also dependent of the reproductive status with higher internal concentrations during resting than reproductive period. In conclusion, there was a strong effect of reproductive status on studied biomarkers which seems to mask the effect of FLU at reproductive stage. The present study evidences the need to include the measurement of mussel biological status in marine pollution monitoring programs for a correct interpretation of biomarker data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen González-Fernández
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Varadero 1, E-30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Albentosa
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Varadero 1, E-30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Juan A Campillo
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Varadero 1, E-30740 San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lucía Viñas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro 50, E-36390 Vigo, Spain
| | - Angeles Franco
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro 50, E-36390 Vigo, Spain
| | - Juan Bellas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro 50, E-36390 Vigo, Spain
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20
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Uher E, Mirande-Bret C, Gourlay-Francé C. Assessing the relation between anthropogenic pressure and PAH concentrations in surface water in the Seine River basin using multivariate analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 557-558:551-561. [PMID: 27037876 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the relation between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in freshwater and anthropogenic pressure is fundamental to finding a solution to reduce the presence of PAHs in water, and thus their potential impact on aquatic life. In this paper we propose to gain greater insight into the variability, sources and partitioning of PAHs in labile (or freely dissolved=not associated to the organic matter), dissolved and particulate phases in freshwater. This study was conducted using land use data as a marker of anthropogenic pressure and coupling it with chemical measurements. This study was conducted on 30 sites in the Seine River basin, which is subjected to a strong human impact and exhibits a wide range of land uses. Half of the sites were studied twice. Labile PAHs were measured by semi-permeable membrane devices (SPMDs), and dissolved and particulate phases by grab samples. Partial least squares regressions were performed between chemical measurements and data of anthropogenic pressure. The results indicate different sources for the dissolved phase and particles. Dissolved and labile phases were more related to the population density of the watershed, while particles were more related to a local pressure. Season and land use data are necessary information to correctly interpret and compare PAH concentrations from different sites. Furthermore, the whole data set of the 45 field deployments comprising labile, dissolved, total and particulate PAH concentrations as well as the physico-chemical parameters is available in the supplementary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Uher
- Irstea, UR HBAN Hydrosystèmes et bioprocédés, 1 rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes, CS 10030, 92761 Antony cedex, France; FIRE, FR-30204 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
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21
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Eremina N, Paschke A, Mazlova EA, Schüürmann G. Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls, phthalic acid esters, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine substances in the Moscow River, Russia. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 210:409-418. [PMID: 26807987 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the levels of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), phthalic acid esters (PAE), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and organochlorine substances (OCP) in the Moscow River water. Some studies have reported the occurrence of these substances in the soil of the Moscow region; however, no study has yet established an overview for these compounds in the Moscow River water. In this study the Moscow River water contamination with PAEs, PAHs and OCPs was determined. Obtained results were associated with the resident area located on the river bank, and the possible contamination sources were considered. The obtained data were compared with the data on the contamination of the different world-wide rivers. This research indicates the further study necessity of the Moscow region to cover more contaminated sites and environmental compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Eremina
- Department of Industrial Ecology, Gubkin Russian State, University of Oil and Gas, Leninskiy pr-t 65k1, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Albrecht Paschke
- Department of Ecological Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elena A Mazlova
- Department of Industrial Ecology, Gubkin Russian State, University of Oil and Gas, Leninskiy pr-t 65k1, 119991, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Gerrit Schüürmann
- Department of Ecological Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Strasse 29, 09596, Freiberg, Germany
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22
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Paulik LB, Smith BW, Bergmann AJ, Sower GJ, Forsberg ND, Teeguarden JG, Anderson KA. Passive samplers accurately predict PAH levels in resident crayfish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 544:782-91. [PMID: 26674706 PMCID: PMC4747685 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of resident aquatic organisms is a major concern for environmental risk assessors. However, collecting organisms to estimate risk is often prohibitively time and resource-intensive. Passive sampling accurately estimates resident organism contamination, and it saves time and resources. This study used low density polyethylene (LDPE) passive water samplers to predict polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels in signal crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus. Resident crayfish were collected at 5 sites within and outside of the Portland Harbor Superfund Megasite (PHSM) in the Willamette River in Portland, Oregon. LDPE deployment was spatially and temporally paired with crayfish collection. Crayfish visceral and tail tissue, as well as water-deployed LDPE, were extracted and analyzed for 62 PAHs using GC-MS/MS. Freely-dissolved concentrations (Cfree) of PAHs in water were calculated from concentrations in LDPE. Carcinogenic risks were estimated for all crayfish tissues, using benzo[a]pyrene equivalent concentrations (BaPeq). ∑PAH were 5-20 times higher in viscera than in tails, and ∑BaPeq were 6-70 times higher in viscera than in tails. Eating only tail tissue of crayfish would therefore significantly reduce carcinogenic risk compared to also eating viscera. Additionally, PAH levels in crayfish were compared to levels in crayfish collected 10 years earlier. PAH levels in crayfish were higher upriver of the PHSM and unchanged within the PHSM after the 10-year period. Finally, a linear regression model predicted levels of 34 PAHs in crayfish viscera with an associated R-squared value of 0.52 (and a correlation coefficient of 0.72), using only the Cfree PAHs in water. On average, the model predicted PAH concentrations in crayfish tissue within a factor of 2.4 ± 1.8 of measured concentrations. This affirms that passive water sampling accurately estimates PAH contamination in crayfish. Furthermore, the strong predictive ability of this simple model suggests that it could be easily adapted to predict contamination in other shellfish of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Blair Paulik
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Brian W Smith
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Alan J Bergmann
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Greg J Sower
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States; Ramboll ENVIRON US Corporation, 2111 East Highland Avenue, Suite 402, Phoenix, AZ 85016, United States
| | - Norman D Forsberg
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Justin G Teeguarden
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States; Health Effects and Exposure Science, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, United States
| | - Kim A Anderson
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States.
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Luo S, Chen B, Lin L, Wang X, Tam NFY, Luan T. Pyrene degradation accelerated by constructed consortium of bacterium and microalga: effects of degradation products on the microalgal growth. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:13917-13924. [PMID: 25382552 DOI: 10.1021/es503761j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Abundant microbes including bacteria, fungi, or algae are capable of biodegrading polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, pure cultures never occur in the contaminated environments. This study aimed to understand the general potential mechanisms of interactions between microbes under pollution stress by constructing a consortium of PAH-degrading microalga (Selenastrum capricornutum) and bacterium (Mycobacterium sp. strain A1-PYR). Bacteria alone could grow on the pyrene, whereas the growth of algae alone was substantially inhibited by the pyrene of 10 mg L(-1). In the mixing culture of algae and bacteria, the growth rate of algae was significantly increased from day 4 onward. Rapid bacterial degradation of pyrene might mitigate the toxicity of pyrene to algae. Phenolic acids, the bacterial degradation products of pyrene, could serve as the phytohormone for promoting algal growth in the coculture of algae and bacteria. In turn, bacterial growth was also enhanced by the algae presented in the mixing culture. Consequently, the fastest degradation of pyrene among all biodegradation systems was achieved by the consortium of algae and bacteria probably due to such interactions between the two species by virtue of degradation products. This study reveals that the consortium containing multiple microbial species is high potential for microbial remediation of pyrene-contaminated environments, and provides a new strategy to degrade the recalcitrant PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusheng Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Marine Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
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24
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Faria M, Ochoa V, Blázquez M, Juan MFS, Lazzara R, Lacorte S, Soares AMVM, Barata C. Separating natural from anthropogenic causes of impairment in Zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) populations living across a pollution gradient. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 152:82-95. [PMID: 24742819 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between the reproductive stage, the total lipid content and eight broadly used biochemical stress responses were used to assess seasonal and pollutant effects across eleven different zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) populations from the Ebro and Mijares river basin, Spain. Biochemical markers included superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione S transferase (GST), multixenobiotic transporter activity (MXR), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipid peroxidation (LPO) and single strand DNA breaks. Principal component analyses of zebra mussel responses across an annual cycle, showed a marked gonad stage component in total lipid content and biochemical responses. The same response pattern was observed across the populations sampled along a broad geographical and pollution gradient. Population differences on the gonad developmental stage were highly correlated with most of the measured responses and unrelated with the pollution gradient. Conversely, bioaccumulation of organic and inorganic contaminant residues was more related to pollution sources than with the reproductive cycle. These results indicate that the reproductive cycle is the major factor affecting the temporal and spatial variation of the studied markers in D. polymorpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Faria
- CESAM and Biology Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Victoria Ochoa
- Center for Research and Innovation in Toxicology, UPC Campus Terrassa Zona IPCT Ctra, Nac.150. km 15, 08227 Terrassa, Spain.
| | | | | | - Raimondo Lazzara
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Silvia Lacorte
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- CESAM and Biology Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Barata
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Angioni A, Cau A, Secci M, Addis P. GC-ITMS analysis of PAH contamination levels in the marine sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus in Sardinia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 82:201-207. [PMID: 24703809 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the results of a two-year monitoring study examining the pollution of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sardinia. GC-ITMS analysis of sea urchin gonads showed the presence of 11 and 12 PAHs in the samples of Capo Pecora, and Capitana, respectively. Fluorene, naphthalene and its two degradation products, 1-methyl-naphthalene, and 2-methyl-naphthalene, were detected in all samples analyzed. The ΣPAH residues showed a similar trend over the two-year sampling period. Furthermore, the residues in the first year were slightly higher than in the second year. The information obtained by the multivariate statistical analysis PLS-DA allowed for the determination of samples based on field site and varying habitat types (rocky reef, and Posidonia seabed). The results of this study showed that Posidonia sea urchins are contaminated by high molecular weight PAHs and that Capitana samples are more contaminated due to a higher level of human activity in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Angioni
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, University of Cagliari, Via Fiorelli 1, 09126 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Cau
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, University of Cagliari, Via Fiorelli 1, 09126 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Secci
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, University of Cagliari, Via Fiorelli 1, 09126 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Piero Addis
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, University of Cagliari, Via Fiorelli 1, 09126 Cagliari, Italy
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26
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Vrana B, Klučárová V, Benická E, Abou-Mrad N, Amdany R, Horáková S, Draxler A, Humer F, Gans O. Passive sampling: an effective method for monitoring seasonal and spatial variability of dissolved hydrophobic organic contaminants and metals in the Danube river. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 184:101-112. [PMID: 24047546 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Application of passive samplers is demonstrated for assessment of temporal and spatial trends of dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and priority metals in the middle stretch of the Danube river. Free dissolved concentrations of PAHs, measured using SPMD samplers, ranged from 5 to 72 ng L(-1). Dissolved PCBs in water were very low and they ranged from 5 to 16 pg L(-1). Concentration of mercury, cadmium, lead and nickel, measured using DGT samplers, were relatively constant along the monitored Danube stretch and in the range <0.1, <1-20, 18-74, and 173-544 ng L(-1), respectively. Concentrations of PAHs decreased with increasing temperature, which reflects the seasonality in emissions to water. This has an implication for the design of future monitoring programs aimed at assessment of long term trends. For such analysis time series should be constructed of data from samples collected always in the same season of the year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branislav Vrana
- Water Research Institute, Nabr. Arm. Gen. L. Svobodu 5, 812 49 Bratislava, Slovakia; Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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