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Omari Shekaftik S, Nasirzadeh N, Mohammadiyan M, Mohammadpour S. An analysis on control banding-based methods used for occupational risk assessment of nanomaterials. Nanotoxicology 2023; 17:628-650. [PMID: 38164113 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2023.2293141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Despite all benefits of nanomaterials, their unique characteristics made them an emerging hazard in workplaces, which need to be assessed for their potential risks. So, the aim of this study was to review all the studies conducted on the risk assessment of activities involving nanomaterials with CB-based methods.This study is based on a literature review on databases including Web of science, Scopus, PubMed, and SID. After reviewing and screening studies according to PRISMA, the collected data were meta-analyzed by Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software. Also, Newcastle-Ottawa checklist was used for quality assessment of the studies. To determine similarity of methods, Cohen's Kappa was used. Sensitivity analysis was used to determine the role of each factor in the risk assessment by using the Crystal Ball tool.There are eight validated methods for risk assessment. Also, some authors used a self-deigned tool based on CB approach. The results of meta-analysis showed that the odds ratio for the risk of activities involved with nanomaterials was 0.654 (high risk). Results of simulation for Nanotool showed that the mean risk level of activities involved with nanomaterials, with a certainty of 95.07%, is moderate (RL3). Moreover, sensitivity analysis showed that the risk was depended on "Hazard band" in all methods except ISO method.The obtained results can be useful in improving existing methods and suggesting new methods. Also, there is a need to design and propose specific methods for risk assessment of incidental and natural nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soqrat Omari Shekaftik
- School of Public Health, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Nasirzadeh
- School of Public Health, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mohammadiyan
- School of Public Health, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saman Mohammadpour
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Department of Health Information Management and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Gomez-Villalba LS, Salcines C, Fort R. Application of Inorganic Nanomaterials in Cultural Heritage Conservation, Risk of Toxicity, and Preventive Measures. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13091454. [PMID: 37176999 PMCID: PMC10180185 DOI: 10.3390/nano13091454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has allowed for significant progress in architectural, artistic, archaeological, or museum heritage conservation for repairing and preventing damages produced by deterioration agents (weathering, contaminants, or biological actions). This review analyzes the current treatments using nanomaterials, including consolidants, biocides, hydrophobic protectives, mechanical resistance improvers, flame-retardants, and multifunctional nanocomposites. Unfortunately, nanomaterials can affect human and animal health, altering the environment. Right now, it is a priority to stop to analyze its advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, the aims are to raise awareness about the nanotoxicity risks during handling and the subsequent environmental exposure to all those directly or indirectly involved in conservation processes. It reports the human-body interaction mechanisms and provides guidelines for preventing or controlling its toxicity, mentioning the current toxicity research of main compounds and emphasizing the need to provide more information about morphological, structural, and specific features that ultimately contribute to understanding their toxicity. It provides information about the current documents of international organizations (European Commission, NIOSH, OECD, Countries Normative) about worker protection, isolation, laboratory ventilation control, and debris management. Furthermore, it reports the qualitative risk assessment methods, management strategies, dose control, and focus/receptor relationship, besides the latest trends of using nanomaterials in masks and gas emissions control devices, discussing their risk of toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Stella Gomez-Villalba
- Institute of Geosciences, Spanish National Research Council, Complutense University of Madrid (CSIC, UCM), Calle Dr. Severo Ochoa 7, Planta 4, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ciro Salcines
- Infrastructures Service, Health and Safety Unit, University of Cantabria, Pabellón de Gobierno, Avenida de los Castros 54, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Rafael Fort
- Institute of Geosciences, Spanish National Research Council, Complutense University of Madrid (CSIC, UCM), Calle Dr. Severo Ochoa 7, Planta 4, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Synthesis of magnetite nanoparticle from potato peel extract: its nanofluid applications and life cycle analysis. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02538-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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4
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Tavakoli A, Rahimi K, Saghandali F, Scott J, Lovell E. Nanofluid preparation, stability and performance for CO 2 absorption and desorption enhancement: A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 313:114955. [PMID: 35405543 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the importance of capturing CO2 has increased due to the necessity of minimizing climate change and the detrimental effects of CO2 emissions from industrial processes. CO2 absorption, as one of the most mature carbon capture technologies, has been improved by introducing nanosized particles into liquid absorbents. Nanofluids have been the subject of interest in many studies recently due to their tremendous impact on absorption. This review comprehensively examines the CO2 absorption behavior for nanofluids through the investigation of different absorption systems. Potential mechanisms for improving the absorption/regeneration performance of nanoabsorbents as well as the synergistic effects of physicochemical properties of nanofluids, such as viscosity and density on CO2 capture behavior, are reviewed. Nanofluid enhancement factors in terms of absorption rate and capacity towards CO2 are also compiled. Mathematical models, which have been proposed for calculating mass transfer coefficient and mass diffusivity, are comprehensively outlined. The paper discusses conventional methods for nanofluid preparation affecting the physicochemical properties of nanofluids. Strategies for enhancing nanofluid stability, as well as approaches to examine their stability are discussed. Finally, nanoparticle concentration, types and size of them, and selection of the base liquid absorbent as the key factors influencing the CO2 removal process by nanofluids, are considered in this paper, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Tavakoli
- School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keivan Rahimi
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Farzin Saghandali
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jason Scott
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Emma Lovell
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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5
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Strategies to mitigate food safety risk while minimizing environmental impacts in the era of climate change. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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6
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De Luca Peña LV, Taelman SE, Préat N, Boone L, Van der Biest K, Custódio M, Hernandez Lucas S, Everaert G, Dewulf J. Towards a comprehensive sustainability methodology to assess anthropogenic impacts on ecosystems: Review of the integration of Life Cycle Assessment, Environmental Risk Assessment and Ecosystem Services Assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152125. [PMID: 34871681 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, a variety of methodologies are available to assess local, regional and global impacts of human activities on ecosystems, which include Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) and Ecosystem Services Assessment (ESA). However, none can individually assess both the positive and negative impacts of human activities at different geographical scales in a comprehensive manner. In order to overcome the shortcomings of each methodology and develop more holistic assessments, the integration of these methodologies is essential. Several studies have attempted to integrate these methodologies either conceptually or through applied case studies. To understand why, how and to what extent these methodologies have been integrated, a total of 110 relevant publications were reviewed. The analysis of the case studies showed that the integration can occur at different positions along the cause-effect chain and from this, a classification scheme was proposed to characterize the different integration approaches. Three categories of integration are distinguished: post-analysis, integration through the combination of results, and integration through the complementation of a driving method. The literature review highlights that the most recurrent type of integration is the latter. While the integration through the complementation of a driving method is more realistic and accurate compared to the other two categories, its development is more complex and a higher data requirement could be needed. In addition to this, there is always the risk of double-counting for all the approaches. None of the integration approaches can be categorized as a full integration, but this is not necessarily needed to have a comprehensive assessment. The most essential aspect is to select the appropriate components from each methodology that can cover both the environmental and socioeconomic costs and benefits of human activities on the ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vittoria De Luca Peña
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Sue Ellen Taelman
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Nils Préat
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Lieselot Boone
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Van der Biest
- Ecosystem Management Research Group, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Marco Custódio
- Flanders Marine Institute, Wandelaarkaai 7, B8400 Ostend, Belgium
| | - Simon Hernandez Lucas
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Ghent University, BLUEGent Business Development Center in Aquaculture and Blue Life Sciences, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Gert Everaert
- Flanders Marine Institute, Wandelaarkaai 7, B8400 Ostend, Belgium
| | - Jo Dewulf
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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7
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Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha H, Nazemi F, Khounani Z, Ghanavati H, Shafiei M, Karimi K, Lam SS, Aghbashlo M, Tabatabaei M. Safflower-based biorefinery producing a broad spectrum of biofuels and biochemicals: A life cycle assessment perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149842. [PMID: 34455274 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Global environmental awareness has encouraged further research towards biofuel production and consumption. Despite the favorable properties of biofuels, the sustainability of their conventional production pathways from agricultural feedstocks has been questioned. Therefore, the use of non-food feedstocks as a promising approach to ensure sustainable biofuel production is encouraged. However, the use of synthetic solvents/chemicals and energy carriers during biofuel production and the consequent adverse environmental effects are still challenging. On the other hand, biofuel production is also associated with generating large volumes of waste and wastewater. Accordingly, the circular bioeconomy as an innovative approach to ensure complete valorization of feedstocks and generated waste streams under the biorefinery scheme is proposed. In line with that, the current study aims to assess the environmental sustainability of bioethanol production in a safflower-based biorefinery using the life cycle assessment framework. Based on the obtained results, safflower production and its processing into 1 MJ bioethanol under the safflower-based biorefinery led to damage of 2.23E-07 disability-adjusted life years (DALY), 2.35E-02 potentially disappeared fraction (PDF)*m2*yr, 4.76E-01 kg CO2 eq., and 3.82 MJ primary on the human health, ecosystem quality, climate change, and resources, respectively. Moreover, it was revealed that despite adverse environmental effects associated with safflower production and processing, the substitution of conventional products, i.e., products that are the typical products in the market without having environmental criteria, with their bio-counterparts, i.e., products produced in the biorefinery based on environmental criteria could overshadow the unfavorable effects and substantially enhance the overall sustainability of the biorefinery system. The developed safflower-based biorefinery led to seven- and two-time reduction in damage to the ecosystem quality and resources damage categories, respectively. The reductions in damage to human health and climate change were also found to be 52% and 24%, respectively. The weighted environmental impacts of the safflower-based biorefinery decreased by 64% due to the production of bioproducts, mainly biodiesel and biogas, replacing their fossil-based counterparts, i.e., diesel and natural gas, respectively. Finally, although the main focus of the developed safflower-based biorefinery was biofuel production, waste valorization and mainly animal feed played a significant role in improving the associated environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha
- Henan Province Forest Resources Sustainable Development and High-value Utilization Engineering Research Center, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Biofuel Research Team (BRTeam), Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Farshid Nazemi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Zahra Khounani
- Biofuel Research Team (BRTeam), Terengganu, Malaysia; Microbial Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghanavati
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Marzieh Shafiei
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Keikhosro Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran; Department of Chemical Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Henan Province Forest Resources Sustainable Development and High-value Utilization Engineering Research Center, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Mortaza Aghbashlo
- Henan Province Forest Resources Sustainable Development and High-value Utilization Engineering Research Center, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Department of Mechanical Engineering of Agricultural Machinery, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Meisam Tabatabaei
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Henan Province Forest Resources Sustainable Development and High-value Utilization Engineering Research Center, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Biofuel Research Team (BRTeam), Terengganu, Malaysia; Microbial Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
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8
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Tarafdar A, Sirohi R, Negi T, Singh S, Badgujar PC, Chandra Shahi N, Kumar S, Jun Sim S, Pandey A. Nanofluid research advances: Preparation, characteristics and applications in food processing. Food Res Int 2021; 150:110751. [PMID: 34865769 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There has been growing interest and substantial improvement in thermal processes for enhancing the heat transfer rate in food industry applications. The replacement of conventional heat transfer fluids with nanofluids is now being considered as a novel and emerging solution to the heat transfer problem of the food processing sector. This review covers state-of-the-art methods for production and application of these nanofluids with emphasis on the decontamination of liquid foods. The review also discusses the influence of processing conditions such as temperature and nanoparticle concentration on the thermal and viscous characteristics of the developed nanofluids. Further, the effect of these developed nanofluids on the quality attributes of food materials has also been reviewed and analyzed. Based on the current technological status, certain knowledge gaps in nanofluid research have been identified, including controlled (shape and size) and systematic experimental studies, stability of nanofluids with increasing thermal cycles, increasing the compatibility of base fluid to nanomaterials, and toxicity and environmental impact assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayon Tarafdar
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243 122, India.
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, India.
| | - Taru Negi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, G. B. Pant University of Agricultural and Technology, Pantnagar 263 145, India.
| | - Shikhangi Singh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, G. B. Pant University of Agricultural and Technology, Pantnagar 263 145, India.
| | - Prarabdh C Badgujar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonipat 131 028, India.
| | - Navin Chandra Shahi
- Department of Post Harvest Process and Food Engineering, G. B. Pant University of Agricultural and Technology, Pantnagar 263 145, India.
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Technology Development Centre, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India.
| | - Sang Jun Sim
- Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, India; Center for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow 226 001, India.
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9
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Salieri B, Barruetabeña L, Rodríguez-Llopis I, Jacobsen NR, Manier N, Trouiller B, Chapon V, Hadrup N, Jiménez AS, Micheletti C, Merino BS, Brignon JM, Bouillard J, Hischier R. Integrative approach in a safe by design context combining risk, life cycle and socio-economic assessment for safer and sustainable nanomaterials. NANOIMPACT 2021; 23:100335. [PMID: 35559836 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Moving towards safe and sustainable innovations is an international policy ambition. In the on-hand manuscript, a concept combining safe by design and sustainability was implemented through the integration of human and environmental risk assessment, life cycle assessment as well as an assessment of the economic viability. The result is a nested and iterative process in form of a decision tree that integrates these three elements in order to achieve sustainable, safe and competitive materials, products or services. This approach, embedded into the stage-gate-model for safe by design, allows to reduce the uncertainty related to the assessment of risks and impacts by improving the quality of the data collected along each stage. In the second part of the manuscript, the application is shown for a case study dealing with the application of nanoparticles for Li-Ion batteries. One of the general conclusions out of this case study is that data gaps are a key aspect in view of the reliability of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Salieri
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Technology and Society Lab, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland; TEMAS Solutions GmbH, Lätterweg 5, 5212 Hausen, Switzerland.
| | - Leire Barruetabeña
- GAIKER-IK4 Technology Centre, Parque Tecnológico, Ed. 20248.170, Zamudio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Nicklas Raun Jacobsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Park Alle 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolas Manier
- INERIS, Parc Alata, BP 2, 60550 Vernueil-en-Halatte, France
| | | | | | - Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Park Alle 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Roland Hischier
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa), Technology and Society Lab, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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10
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Elsaid K, Olabi AG, Wilberforce T, Abdelkareem MA, Sayed ET. Environmental impacts of nanofluids: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 763:144202. [PMID: 33385840 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanofluids (NFs) have been expanding their applications in many areas as high-performance heat transfer fluid (HTF) for heating and cooling purposes. This is mainly due to the improved thermophysical properties relative to the base fluid (BF). The addition of nanoparticles (NPs) to BF, to obtain NFs, increases the thermal conductivity, hence better heat transfer properties and thermal performance. The properties of NFs can be considered somehow intermediate between those of the BF and the added solid NPs. The improved heat transfer using NFs results in increased energy conversion efficiency, which results in reduced energy consumption for heating or cooling applications. BF and their environmental impacts (EIs) have been widely discussed within the scope of their applications as a HTF, with most of the attention given to the improved energy efficiency. The IEs of NPs and their toxicity and other characteristics have been extensively studied due to the widespread applications on newly engineered NPs. However, with the evolution of expanding the applications of NFs, the different EIs were not well addressed. The discussion should consider both the base fluid and NPs added in combination as the NF constitutes. The current work presents a brief discussion on the EIs of NFs. The discussion presented in this work considers the NPs as the primary contributor to the EIs of different NFs. It was found that the EIs of NFs depend significantly on the type of NP used, followed by the BF, and finally, the loading of NPs in BF. The use of non-toxic and naturally occurring NPs at lower NPs loading in water as NF promises a much lower EIs in terms of toxicity energy requirements for production, and other EIs, while still maintaining high thermal performance. The production methods of both NPs, i.e., synthesis route, and NF, i.e., one-step or two-step, were found to have a significant effect on the associated EIs of the produced NF. The simpler NP synthesis route and NF production will result in much lower chemicals and energy requirements, which in turn reduce the EIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Elsaid
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3122, USA.
| | - A G Olabi
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Tabbi Wilberforce
- Mechanical Engineering and Design, Aston University, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Egypt
| | - Enas Taha Sayed
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Egypt
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11
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Parisi ML, Dessì A, Zani L, Maranghi S, Mohammadpourasl S, Calamante M, Mordini A, Basosi R, Reginato G, Sinicropi A. Combined LCA and Green Metrics Approach for the Sustainability Assessment of an Organic Dye Synthesis on Lab Scale. Front Chem 2020; 8:214. [PMID: 32296679 PMCID: PMC7136579 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
New generation photovoltaic devices have attracted much attention in the last decades since they can be efficiently manufactured employing abundant raw materials and with less-energy intensive processes. In this context, the use of powerful environmental assessment is pivotal to support the fine-tuning of solar cells fabrication and hit the target of manufacturing effective sustainable technological devices. In this work, a mass-based green metrics and life cycle assessment combined approach is applied to analyze the environmental performances of an innovative synthetic protocol for the preparation of organic dye TTZ5, which has been successfully proposed as sensitizer for manufacturing dye sensitized solar cells. The new synthetic strategy, which is based on the C-H activation process, has been compared with the previously reported synthesis employing classic Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling chemistry. Results highlight the contribution of direct energy consumption and purification operations in organic syntheses at lab scale. Furthermore, they demonstrate the usefulness of the environmental multifaceted analytic tool and the power of life cycle assessment to overcome the intrinsic less comprehensive nature of green metrics for the evaluation of organic synthetic protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Parisi
- R2ES Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Center for Colloid and Surface Science-CSGI, Florence, Italy.,National Research Council, Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Dessì
- National Research Council, Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zani
- National Research Council, Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Florence, Italy
| | - Simone Maranghi
- R2ES Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Center for Colloid and Surface Science-CSGI, Florence, Italy
| | - Sanaz Mohammadpourasl
- R2ES Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Center for Colloid and Surface Science-CSGI, Florence, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Massimo Calamante
- National Research Council, Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Florence, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mordini
- National Research Council, Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Florence, Italy.,Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Basosi
- R2ES Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Center for Colloid and Surface Science-CSGI, Florence, Italy.,National Research Council, Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Florence, Italy
| | - Gianna Reginato
- National Research Council, Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Florence, Italy
| | - Adalgisa Sinicropi
- R2ES Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.,Center for Colloid and Surface Science-CSGI, Florence, Italy.,National Research Council, Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Florence, Italy
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12
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How to Conduct Prospective Life Cycle Assessment for Emerging Technologies? A Systematic Review and Methodological Guidance. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12031192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Emerging technologies are expected to contribute to environmental sustainable development. However, throughout the development of novel technologies, it is unknown whether emerging technologies can lead to reduced environmental impacts compared to a potentially displaced mature technology. Additionally, process steps suspected to be environmental hotspots can be improved by process engineers early in the development of the emerging technology. In order to determine the environmental impacts of emerging technologies at an early stage of development, prospective life cycle assessment (LCA) should be performed. However, consistency in prospective LCA methodology is lacking. Therefore, this article develops a framework for a prospective LCA in order to overcome the methodological inconsistencies regarding prospective LCAs. The methodological framework was developed using literature on prospective LCAs of emerging technologies, and therefore, a literature review on prospective LCAs was conducted. We found 44 case studies, four review papers, and 17 papers on methodological guidance. Three main challenges for conducting prospective LCAs are identified: Comparability, data, and uncertainty challenges. The issues in defining the aim, functionality, and system boundaries of the prospective LCAs, as well as problems with specifying LCIA methodologies, comprise the comparability challenge. Data availability, quality, and scaling are issues within the data challenge. Finally, uncertainty exists as an overarching challenge when applying a prospective LCA. These three challenges are especially crucial for the prospective assessment of emerging technologies. However, this review also shows that within the methodological papers and case studies, several approaches exist to tackle these challenges. These approaches were systematically summarized within a framework to give guidance on how to overcome the issues when conducting prospective LCAs of emerging technologies. Accordingly, this framework is useful for LCA practitioners who are analyzing early-stage technologies. Nevertheless, further research is needed to develop appropriate scale-up schemes and to include uncertainty analyses for a more in-depth interpretation of results.
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Abstract
With increasing interest in reducing fossil fuel emissions, more and more development is focused on electric mobility. For electric vehicles, the main challenge is the mass of the batteries, which significantly increase the mass of the vehicles and limits their range. One possible concept to solve this is incorporating structural batteries; a structural material that both stores electrical energy and carries mechanical load. The concept envisions constructing the body of an electric vehicle with this material and thus reducing the need for further energy storage. This research is investigating a future structural battery that is incorporated in the roof of an electric vehicle. The structural battery is replacing the original steel roof of the vehicle, and part of the original traction battery. The environmental implications of this structural battery roof are investigated with a life cycle assessment, which shows that a structural battery roof can avoid climate impacts in substantive quantities. The main emissions for the structural battery stem from its production and efforts should be focused there to further improve the environmental benefits of the structural battery. Toxicity is investigated with a novel chemical risk assessment from a life cycle perspective, which shows that two chemicals should be targeted for substitution.
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14
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Comparative Analysis of Automotive Products Regarding the Influence of Eco-Friendly Methods to Emissions’ Reduction. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en12010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This article utilized a multicriterial quantitative and qualitative analysis of the influence of eco-friendly methods in reducing emissions over the life cycle of automotive products. The new proposed multicriterial method is applicable where preferential criteria are independent of each other, and where uncertainty has not been incorporated into a formal model. The linear model showed how the values of several criteria related to the options could be combined into an overall value. The main objective of this research was to apply a multicriterial methodology to improve the accuracy of existing approaches in identifying the influence of eco-friendly methods to reduce emissions over the product life cycle, and to assist decision makers in the manufacturing process. The research questions were as follows: Which one of two automotive products (“Bus” or “Truck”) has the best environmental performance (EPP)? Which one of two automotive products (“Bus” or “Truck”) has the best overall environmental performance (EPAPL)? This research provided a detailed comparative analysis of a “Crosstown bus” and a “Tractor truck”, both made at the Industrial Park Romania Brasov, Romania, using a multicriterial analysis. This article provided an answer to the first research question, whilst only presenting the results for the second question. The results of the proposed multicriterial method applications provide a decision support base for environmental managerial decisions in the field of automotive production processes.
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15
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Corsi I, Fiorati A, Grassi G, Bartolozzi I, Daddi T, Melone L, Punta C. Environmentally Sustainable and Ecosafe Polysaccharide-Based Materials for Water Nano-Treatment: An Eco-Design Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1228. [PMID: 30018238 PMCID: PMC6073422 DOI: 10.3390/ma11071228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nanoremediation, which is the use of nanoparticles and nanomaterials for environmental remediation, is widely explored and proposed for preservation of ecosystems that suffer from the increase in human population, pollution, and urbanization. We herein report a critical analysis of nanotechnologies for water remediation by assessing their sustainability in terms of efficient removal of pollutants, appropriate methods for monitoring their effectiveness, and protocols for the evaluation of any potential environmental risks. Our purpose is to furnish fruitful guidelines for sustainable water management, able to promote nanoremediation also at European level. In this context, we describe new nanostructured polysaccharide-based materials obtained from renewable resources as alternative efficient and ecosafe solutions for water nano-treatment. We also provide eco-design indications to improve the sustainability of the production of these materials, based on life-cycle assessment methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Corsi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Andrea Fiorati
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Grassi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Irene Bartolozzi
- Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Institute of Management, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
- Ergo S.r.l., c/o Technology Centre, Via Giuntini 25/29⁻int. 29, 56023 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Tiberio Daddi
- Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Institute of Management, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Lucio Melone
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy.
| | - Carlo Punta
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta" Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy.
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16
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Othman M, Latif MT, Mohamed AF. Health impact assessment from building life cycles and trace metals in coarse particulate matter in urban office environments. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 148:293-302. [PMID: 29080527 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study intends to determine the health impacts from two office life cycles (St.1 and St.2) using life cycle assessment (LCA) and health risk assessment of indoor metals in coarse particulates (particulate matter with diameters of less than 10µm). The first building (St.1) is located in the city centre and the second building (St.2) is located within a new development 7km away from the city centre. All life cycle stages are considered and was analysed using SimaPro software. The trace metal concentrations were determined by inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Particle deposition in the human lung was estimated using the multiple-path particle dosimetry model (MPPD). The results showed that the total human health impact for St.1 (0.027 DALY m-2) was higher than St.2 (0.005 DALY m-2) for a 50-year lifespan, with the highest contribution from the operational phase. The potential health risk to indoor workers was quantified as a hazard quotient (HQ) for non-carcinogenic elements, where the total values for ingestion contact were 4.38E-08 (St.1) and 2.59E-08 (St.2) while for dermal contact the values were 5.12E-09 (St.1) and 2.58E-09 (St.2). For the carcinogenic risk, the values for dermal and ingestion routes for both St.1 and St.2 were lower than the acceptable limit which indicated no carcinogenic risk. Particle deposition for coarse particles in indoor workers was concentrated in the head, followed by the pulmonary region and tracheobronchial tract deposition. The results from this study showed that human health can be significantly affected by all the processes in office building life cycle, thus the minimisation of energy consumption and pollutant exposures are crucially required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murnira Othman
- Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Talib Latif
- Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ahmad Fariz Mohamed
- Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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17
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Tsang MP, Kikuchi-Uehara E, Sonnemann GW, Aymonier C, Hirao M. Evaluating nanotechnology opportunities and risks through integration of life-cycle and risk assessment. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 12:734-739. [PMID: 28775355 DOI: 10.1038/nnano.2017.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been some 15 years since the topics of sustainability and nanotechnologies first appeared together in the scientific literature and became a focus of organizations' research and policy developments. On the one hand, this focus is directed towards approaches and tools for risk assessment and management and on the other hand towards life-cycle thinking and assessment. Comparable to their application for regular chemicals, each tool is seen to serve separate objectives as it relates to evaluating nanotechnologies' safety or resource efficiency, respectively. While nanomaterials may provide resource efficient production and consumption, this must balance any potential hazards they pose across their life-cycles. This Perspective advocates for integrating these two tools at the methodological level for achieving this objective, and it explains what advantages and challenges this offers decision-makers while highlighting what research is needed to further enhance integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Tsang
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Emi Kikuchi-Uehara
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Guido W Sonnemann
- Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Cyril Aymonier
- CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Masahiko Hirao
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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18
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Fransman W, Buist H, Kuijpers E, Walser T, Meyer D, Zondervan-van den Beuken E, Westerhout J, Klein Entink RH, Brouwer DH. Comparative Human Health Impact Assessment of Engineered Nanomaterials in the Framework of Life Cycle Assessment. RISK ANALYSIS : AN OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE SOCIETY FOR RISK ANALYSIS 2017; 37:1358-1374. [PMID: 27664001 DOI: 10.1111/risa.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
For safe innovation, knowledge on potential human health impacts is essential. Ideally, these impacts are considered within a larger life-cycle-based context to support sustainable development of new applications and products. A methodological framework that accounts for human health impacts caused by inhalation of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) in an indoor air environment has been previously developed. The objectives of this study are as follows: (i) evaluate the feasibility of applying the CF framework for NP exposure in the workplace based on currently available data; and (ii) supplement any resulting knowledge gaps with methods and data from the life cycle approach and human risk assessment (LICARA) project to develop a modified case-specific version of the framework that will enable near-term inclusion of NP human health impacts in life cycle assessment (LCA) using a case study involving nanoscale titanium dioxide (nanoTiO2 ). The intent is to enhance typical LCA with elements of regulatory risk assessment, including its more detailed measure of uncertainty. The proof-of-principle demonstration of the framework highlighted the lack of available data for both the workplace emissions and human health effects of ENMs that is needed to calculate generalizable characterization factors using common human health impact assessment practices in LCA. The alternative approach of using intake fractions derived from workplace air concentration measurements and effect factors based on best-available toxicity data supported the current case-by-case approach for assessing the human health life cycle impacts of ENMs. Ultimately, the proposed framework and calculations demonstrate the potential utility of integrating elements of risk assessment with LCA for ENMs once the data are available.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tobias Walser
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Risk Assessment of Chemicals, Federal Office of Public Health, Berne, Switzerland
| | - David Meyer
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Csiszar SA, Meyer DE, Dionisio KL, Egeghy P, Isaacs KK, Price PS, Scanlon KA, Tan YM, Thomas K, Vallero D, Bare JC. Conceptual Framework To Extend Life Cycle Assessment Using Near-Field Human Exposure Modeling and High-Throughput Tools for Chemicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:11922-11934. [PMID: 27668689 PMCID: PMC7388028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a decision-making tool that accounts for multiple impacts across the life cycle of a product or service. This paper presents a conceptual framework to integrate human health impact assessment with risk screening approaches to extend LCA to include near-field chemical sources (e.g., those originating from consumer products and building materials) that have traditionally been excluded from LCA. A new generation of rapid human exposure modeling and high-throughput toxicity testing is transforming chemical risk prioritization and provides an opportunity for integration of screening-level risk assessment (RA) with LCA. The combined LCA and RA approach considers environmental impacts of products alongside risks to human health, which is consistent with regulatory frameworks addressing RA within a sustainability mindset. A case study is presented to juxtapose LCA and risk screening approaches for a chemical used in a consumer product. The case study demonstrates how these new risk screening tools can be used to inform toxicity impact estimates in LCA and highlights needs for future research. The framework provides a basis for developing tools and methods to support decision making on the use of chemicals in products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan A Csiszar
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Research Participation Program, hosted at U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, United States
| | - David E Meyer
- Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, United States
| | - Kathie L Dionisio
- Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Peter Egeghy
- Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Kristin K Isaacs
- Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Paul S Price
- Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Kelly A Scanlon
- AAAS Science & Technology Policy Fellow hosted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air and Radiation, Office of Radiation and Indoor Air, Washington, DC 20460, United States
| | - Yu-Mei Tan
- Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Kent Thomas
- Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Daniel Vallero
- Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States
| | - Jane C Bare
- Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency , Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, United States
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20
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Pu Y, Tang F, Adam PM, Laratte B, Ionescu RE. Fate and Characterization Factors of Nanoparticles in Seventeen Subcontinental Freshwaters: A Case Study on Copper Nanoparticles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:9370-9379. [PMID: 27472045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b06300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The lack of characterization factors (CFs) for engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) hampers the application of life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology in evaluating the potential environmental impacts of nanomaterials. Here, the framework of the USEtox model has been selected to solve this problem. On the basis of colloid science, a fate model for ENPs has been developed to calculate the freshwater fate factor (FF) of ENPs. We also give the recommendations for using the hydrological data from the USEtox model. The functionality of our fate model is proved by comparing our computed results with the reported scenarios in North America, Switzerland, and Europe. As a case study, a literature survey of the nano-Cu toxicology values has been performed to calculate the effect factor (EF). Seventeen freshwater CFs of nano-Cu are proposed as recommended values for subcontinental regions. Depending on the regions and the properties of the ENPs, the region most likely to be affected by nano-Cu is Africa (CF of 11.11 × 10(3) CTUe, comparative toxic units) and the least likely is north Australia (CF of 3.87 × 10(3) CTUe). Furthermore, from the sensitivity analysis of the fate model, 13 input parameters (such as depth of freshwater, radius of ENPs) show vastly different degrees of influence on the outcomes. The characterization of suspended particles in freshwater and the dissolution rate of ENPs are two significant factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Pu
- Laboratoire de Nanotechnologie et d'Instrumentation Optique, Institute Charles Delaunay, Université de Technologie de Troyes, UMR CNRS 6281 , 12 Rue Marie-Curie CS 42060, 10004 Cedex Troyes, France
- Centre de Recherches et d'Etudes Interdisciplinaires sur le Développement Durable, Institute Charles Delaunay, Université de Technologie de Troyes, UMR CNRS 6281 , 12 Rue Marie-Curie CS 42060, 10004 Cedex Troyes, France
| | - Feng Tang
- Laboratoire de Nanotechnologie et d'Instrumentation Optique, Institute Charles Delaunay, Université de Technologie de Troyes, UMR CNRS 6281 , 12 Rue Marie-Curie CS 42060, 10004 Cedex Troyes, France
| | - Pierre-Michel Adam
- Laboratoire de Nanotechnologie et d'Instrumentation Optique, Institute Charles Delaunay, Université de Technologie de Troyes, UMR CNRS 6281 , 12 Rue Marie-Curie CS 42060, 10004 Cedex Troyes, France
| | - Bertrand Laratte
- Centre de Recherches et d'Etudes Interdisciplinaires sur le Développement Durable, Institute Charles Delaunay, Université de Technologie de Troyes, UMR CNRS 6281 , 12 Rue Marie-Curie CS 42060, 10004 Cedex Troyes, France
| | - Rodica Elena Ionescu
- Laboratoire de Nanotechnologie et d'Instrumentation Optique, Institute Charles Delaunay, Université de Technologie de Troyes, UMR CNRS 6281 , 12 Rue Marie-Curie CS 42060, 10004 Cedex Troyes, France
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21
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Life Cycle Assessment Tool in Product Development: Environmental Requirements in Decision Making Process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2016.01.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Harder R, Holmquist H, Molander S, Svanström M, Peters GM. Review of Environmental Assessment Case Studies Blending Elements of Risk Assessment and Life Cycle Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:13083-93. [PMID: 26542458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Risk assessment (RA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) are two analytical tools used to support decision making in environmental management. This study reviewed 30 environmental assessment case studies that claimed an integration, combination, hybridization, or complementary use of RA and LCA. The focus of the analysis was on how the respective case studies evaluated emissions of chemical pollutants and pathogens. The analysis revealed three clusters of similar case studies. Yet, there seemed to be little consensus as to what should be referred to as RA and LCA, and when to speak of combination, integration, hybridization, or complementary use of RA and LCA. This paper provides clear recommendations toward a more stringent and consistent use of terminology. Blending elements of RA and LCA offers multifaceted opportunities to adapt a given environmental assessment case study to a specific decision making context, but also requires awareness of several implications and potential pitfalls, of which six are discussed in this paper. To facilitate a better understanding and more transparent communication of the nature of a given case study, this paper proposes a "design space" (i.e., identification framework) for environmental assessment case studies blending elements of RA and LCA. Thinking in terms of a common design space, we postulate, can increase clarity and transparency when communicating the design and results of a given assessment together with its potential strengths and weaknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Harder
- Chemical Environmental Science, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology , SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Holmquist
- Chemical Environmental Science, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology , SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sverker Molander
- Environmental Systems Analysis, Department of Energy and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology , SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Svanström
- Chemical Environmental Science, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology , SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gregory M Peters
- Chemical Environmental Science, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology , SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Kobayashi Y, Peters GM, Ashbolt NJ, Shiels S, Khan SJ. Assessing burden of disease as disability adjusted life years in life cycle assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 530-531:120-128. [PMID: 26042893 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Disability adjusted life years (DALYs) have been used to quantify endpoint indicators of the human burden of disease in life cycle assessment (LCA). The purpose of this paper was to examine the current use of DALYs in LCA, and also to consider whether DALYs as used in LCA have the potential to be compatible with DALYs as used in quantitative risk assessment (QRA) to facilitate direct comparison of the results of the two approaches. A literature review of current usage of DALYs in LCA was undertaken. Two prominent methods were identified: ReCiPe 2008 and LIME2. The methods and assumptions used in their calculations were then critically reviewed. The assumptions used for the derivation of characterization factors in DALYs were found to be considerably different between LCA methods. In many cases, transparency of these calculations and assumptions is lacking. Furthermore, global average DALY values are often used in these calculations, but may not be applicable for impact categories where the local factors play a significant role. The concept of DALYs seems beneficial since it enables direct comparison and aggregation of different health impacts. However, given the different assumptions used in each LCA method, it is important that LCA practitioners are aware of the differences and select the appropriate method for the focus of their study. When applying DALYs as a common metric between LCA and QRA, understanding the background information on how DALYs were derived is crucial to ensure the consistency of DALYs used in LCA and QRA for resulting DALYs to be comparable and to minimize any double counting of effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Kobayashi
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Greg M Peters
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nicholas J Ashbolt
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2G7, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sean Shiels
- Knowledge, Technology & Innovation, Environment Protection Authority Victoria, 200 Victoria Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Stuart J Khan
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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24
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Towards More Holistic Environmental Impact Assessment: Hybridisation of Life Cycle Assessment and Quantitative Risk Assessment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2015.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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