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Serra Comineti CDS, Schlindwein MM, de Oliveira Hoeckel PH. Socio-environmental externalities of sewage waste management. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174109. [PMID: 38908579 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Conventional sewage management is expensive and inefficient, putting the environment and public health at risk, making access to sewage services difficult for everyone. Reusing sewage waste has agricultural and economic potential, but can contain harmful contaminants if not treated properly. This review is based on the hypothesis that the destination of sewage waste generates environmental and social externalities, which have not yet been widely compared. With the aim of identifying, from the literature, the socio-environmental externalities generated by different sewage waste management approaches, a systematic review of the literature was carried out, including 244 documents, with 50 % of these discussing impacts of conventional treatment and 37 % analyzing the reuse of waste. The main impacts and externalities were evaluated in three situations: untreated sewage, treated sewage, and reused waste. The results indicate that sewage waste has an underutilized economic value and can generate revenue, reduce operational costs and electricity expenses. Six negative externalities generated by conventional sewage treatment were identified: health costs; environmental cleaning; carbon offsetting; damage to tourism; damage to fishing and agriculture; and real estate depreciation. In reuse, there is a risk of two negative externalities: health costs and environmental cleaning, but two positive externalities were also identified: the reduction of phosphate rock mining and the neutralization of carbon credits. The complexity of the transition to sustainable sewage treatment practices is highlighted given the lack of consensus on the safe use of sewage waste, the lack of regulatory standardization, implementation costs and differences in regional parameters, highlighting the need for preliminary experimentation in a multidisciplinary and contextualized approach, considering comparative externalities among the available sewage waste management possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila da Silva Serra Comineti
- Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Rodovia Dourados/Itahum, Km 12, Cidade Universitária, Dourados 79.804-970, Brazil; Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Av. Costa e Silva, s/n° | Bairro Universitário, Campo Grande 79.070-900, Brazil.
| | - Madalena Maria Schlindwein
- Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), Rodovia Dourados/Itahum, Km 12, Cidade Universitária, Dourados 79.804-970, Brazil.
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2
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Wang X, Yang T, Fang L, Yang Y, Zhang H, Yang J, Wang C, Fan L, Zang X, Meng S, Song C. Citizen science in action: Time-resolved immunofluorescence-based field detection of antibiotics with portable analytical kit. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173251. [PMID: 38750731 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Citizen scientist-based environmental monitoring and public education are becoming increasingly popular. However, current technologies for antibiotic-based novel contaminant identification are still restricted to laboratory sample collection and analysis due to detection methodologies and apparatus limitations. This study developed a time-resolved immunofluorescence-based simultaneous field-based assay for ciprofloxacin (CIP) and enrofloxacin (ENR) that matches test results to geographic locations. The assay helps the public understand the potential levels of antibiotic exposures in their environments and helps them take appropriate action to reduce risk. The assay was developed using smartphones and social software in addition to rapid testing. The method uses a portable, low-cost analytical kit with a smartphone app to build a field-based detection platform for the detection and analysis of ENR and CIP in water and aquatic products. The methodological evaluation was good, with detection limits of 0.4 ng/mL and 0.5 ng/g for ENR in water and fish, and quantification limits of 1.2 ng/mL and 1.4 ng/g, with recoveries of 89.0 %-101.0 % and 78.0 %-97.0 %. For CIP in water and fish, the limits of detection were 0.3 ng/mL and 0.4 ng/g, the limits of quantification were 0.9 ng/mL and 1.2 ng/g, and the recoveries were 75.0 %-91.0 % and 72.0 %-89.0 %, both with coefficients of variation <15 %. These limits were sufficient to prevent the two antibiotics from crossing over during simultaneous detection. The assay was validated using real samples to assess the effectiveness of the assay platform in field deployments, and the results were consistent with those obtained through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) techniques. In addition, the TRFIA assay process requires less time, uses more portable instruments, and is less complex than traditional methods. This study provides a new scientific, accurate, and rapid detection method for antibiotic detection by citizen scientists, helping scientists to obtain a wider range of data and providing more opportunities to solve scientific problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchi Wang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081 Wuxi, PR China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Jiangsu Su Wei Institute of Microbiology Co., Ltd., 214063 Wuxi, PR China
| | - Longxiang Fang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 100000 Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081 Wuxi, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081 Wuxi, PR China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Jiangsu Su Wei Institute of Microbiology Co., Ltd., 214063 Wuxi, PR China
| | - Jianghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing University Xianlin Campus, 163 Xianlin Avenue, 210023 Nanjing, PR China
| | - Changbo Wang
- Kunshan Aquatic Technology Promotion Station, 215300 Suzhou, PR China
| | - Limin Fan
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 100000 Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081 Wuxi, China
| | - Xuelei Zang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100000 Beijing, PR China.
| | - Shunlong Meng
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 100000 Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081 Wuxi, China.
| | - Chao Song
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors (Wuxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 214081 Wuxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 100000 Beijing, PR China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 214081 Wuxi, China.
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3
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Li H, Zheng S, Tan QG, Zhan L, Martz TR, Ma J. Toward Citizen Science-Based Ocean Acidification Observations Using Smartphone Devices. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15409-15417. [PMID: 37734114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
pH is a key parameter in many chemical, biological, and biogeochemical processes, making it a fundamental aspect of environmental monitoring. Rapid and accurate seawater pH measurements are essential for effective ocean observation and acidification investigations, resulting in the need for novel solutions that allow robust, precise, and affordable pH monitoring. In this study, a versatile smartphone-based environmental analyzer (vSEA) was used for the rapid measurement of seawater pH in a field study. The feasibility of the use of the vSEA algorithm for pH quantification was explored and verified. When used in conjunction with a three-dimensional (3D)-printed light-proof shell, the quality of captured images is guaranteed. The quantitative accuracy of vSEA pH measurements reached 0.018 units with an uncertainty of <0.01, meeting the requirements of the Global Ocean Acidification Observing Network (GOA-ON) for "weather" goals (permitting a maximum pH uncertainty of 0.02). The vSEA-pH system was successfully applied for on-site pH measurements in coastal seawater and coral systems. The performance of the vSEA-pH system was validated using different real-world samples, and t-test results showed that the vSEA-pH system was consistent with pH measurements obtained using a state-of-the-art benchtop spectrophotometer (t = 1.986, p = 0.7949). The vSEA-pH system is applicable to different types of smartphone devices, making it possible for vSEA-pH to be widely promoted for public citizen use. The vSEA-pH system offers a simple, accurate, and applicable method for the on-site measurement of seawater pH, assisting the large-scale monitoring of ocean acidification by allowing the contribution of citizen science-based data collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Shulu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao-Guo Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyang Zhan
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Key Laboratory of Global Change & Marine Atmospheric Chemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, People's Republic of China
| | - Todd R Martz
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Cui J, Xu C, Yang J, Liu M, Ren M, Tan X, Lin A, Yang W. The formation of discharge standards of pollutants for municipal wastewater treatment plants needs adapt to local conditions in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:57207-57211. [PMID: 36811787 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25902-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinjie Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Cui
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Congbin Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Ren
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Tan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Aijun Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Yang
- Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning, Beijing, 100012, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Joseph N, Sangster J, Topping M, Bartelt-Hunt S, Kolok AS. Evaluating the impact of turbidity, precipitation, and land use on nutrient levels and atrazine concentrations in Illinois surface water as determined by citizen scientists. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 850:158081. [PMID: 35985591 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of turbidity, precipitation, land use, and five-week variation on nutrient levels and atrazine concentrations across Illinois state. To acquire the greatest number of samples in a cost and time-sensitive manner, data were collected by citizen scientists. Volunteers collected data regarding five water quality metrics: nitrites, nitrates, phosphates, atrazine, and turbidity once per week from April 19 until May 17, 2017. A subset (24 %) of volunteers also collected turbidity measurements. Data regarding precipitation was obtained from the Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network (CoCoRaHS), a long-standing grassroots volunteer network of backyard weather observers. Three ordinal regression analyses were performed: one without a blocking effect, a second with week as a blocking effect, and a third with watershed as a blocking effect. In all cases, turbidity was significantly associated with elevated levels of nitrate (Pseudo R2-0.48 to 0.94) and phosphate (Pseudo R2-0.60 to 0.80), while precipitation was significantly associated with elevated levels of nitrate (Pseudo R2-0.25 to 0.35). While analyzing five-week variation, the nitrite and nitrate levels, but not phosphate or atrazine, tended to increase at each site. Further, nitrite and nitrate levels significantly varied between the four land uses - agricultural, urban, suburban, and park. When data were analyzed by the three most well-sampled watersheds, Kankakee, Des Plaines, and Chicago, it was identified that the nutrient levels in the Kankakee and Chicago watersheds were significantly elevated relative to the Des Plaines watershed. Finally, cluster analysis identified that clusters dominated by agricultural land, and to a lesser extent suburban land use, had the most elevated nutrient concentration and the greatest frequency of atrazine hits. Data collected by citizen scientists can provide insight into the geospatial variability of nutrients and agrichemicals and can do so across large geographies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Joseph
- Idaho Water Resources Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Jodi Sangster
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Melissa Topping
- Idaho Water Resources Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | | | - Alan S Kolok
- Idaho Water Resources Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA.
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6
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Ammendolia J, Saturno J, Bond AL, O'Hanlon NJ, Masden EA, James NA, Jacobs S. Tracking the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic-related debris on wildlife using digital platforms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 848:157614. [PMID: 35901900 PMCID: PMC9310380 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Since the start of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19) pandemic in December 2019, there have been global surges of single-use plastic use. Due to the importance of personal protective equipment (PPE) and sanitation items in protecting against virus transmission and from testing, facemasks, respirators, disposable gloves and disposable wet wipes have become global staples in households and institutions. Widespread use and insufficient infrastructure, combined with improper waste management have resulted in an emerging category of litter. With widespread presence in the environment, such items pose a direct threat to wildlife as animals can interact with them in a series of ways. We examined the scope of COVID-19 pandemic-related debris, including PPE and sanitation items, on wildlife from April 2020 to December 2021. We document the geographic occurrence of incidents, debris types, and consequences of incidents that were obtained from social media searches, unpublished reports from colleagues, and reports available from the citizen science database "Birds and Debris". There were 114 unique sightings of wildlife interactions with pandemic-related debris (38 from 2020 and 76 from 2021). Within the context of this dataset, most incidents involved birds (83.3 %), while fewer affected mammals (10.5 %), invertebrates (3.5 %), fish (1.8 %), and sea turtles (0.9 %). Sightings originated in 23 countries, and consisted mostly of entanglements (42.1 %) and nest incorporations (40.4 %). We verified sightings by contacting the original observers and were able to identify replicated sightings and increase the resolution of the data collected compared with previously published results. Due to the complexities associated with global use and accessibility of digital platforms, we likely underestimate the number of animals harmed by debris. Overall, the global scope of this study demonstrates that online and social media platforms are a valuable way to collect biologically relevant citizen science data and track rapidly emerging environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Ammendolia
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Interdisciplinary Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Jacquelyn Saturno
- School for Resources and Environmental Studies, Dalhousie University, Halifax B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Alexander L Bond
- Bird Group, The Natural History Museum, Akeman Street, Tring, Hertfordshire HP23 6AP, UK
| | - Nina J O'Hanlon
- Centre for Energy and the Environment, Environmental Research Institute, North Highland College - University of the Highlands and Islands, Ormlie Road, Thurso, Caithness KW14 7EE, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A Masden
- Centre for Energy and the Environment, Environmental Research Institute, North Highland College - University of the Highlands and Islands, Ormlie Road, Thurso, Caithness KW14 7EE, United Kingdom
| | - Neil A James
- Centre for Energy and the Environment, Environmental Research Institute, North Highland College - University of the Highlands and Islands, Ormlie Road, Thurso, Caithness KW14 7EE, United Kingdom
| | - Shoshanah Jacobs
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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Joseph N, Libunao T, Herrmann E, Bartelt‐Hunt S, Propper CR, Bell J, Kolok AS. Chemical Toxicants in Water: A GeoHealth Perspective in the Context of Climate Change. GEOHEALTH 2022; 6:e2022GH000675. [PMID: 35949255 PMCID: PMC9357885 DOI: 10.1029/2022gh000675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The editorial focuses on four major themes contextualized in a virtual GeoHealth workshop that occurred from June 14 to 16, 2021. Topics in that workshop included drinking water and chronic chemical exposure, environmental injustice, public health and drinking water policy, and the fate, transport, and human impact of aqueous contaminants in the context of climate change. The intent of the workshop was to further define the field of GeoHealth. This workshop emphasized on chemical toxicants that drive human health. The major calls for action emerged from the workshop include enhancing community engagement, advocating for equity and justice, and training the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Joseph
- Idaho Water Resources Research InstituteUniversity of IdahoMoscowIDUSA
| | - Tate Libunao
- Idaho Water Resources Research InstituteUniversity of IdahoMoscowIDUSA
| | | | | | | | - Jesse Bell
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational HealthCollege of Public HealthUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA
| | - Alan S. Kolok
- Idaho Water Resources Research InstituteUniversity of IdahoMoscowIDUSA
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Zheng S, Li H, Fang T, Bo G, Yuan D, Ma J. Towards citizen science. On-site detection of nitrite and ammonium using a smartphone and social media software. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:152613. [PMID: 34998751 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Citizen scientists-based water quality surveys are becoming popular because of their wide applications in environmental monitoring and public education. At present, many similar studies are reported on collecting samples for later laboratory analysis. For environmentally toxic analytes such as ammonium and nitrite, on-site detection is a promising choice. However, this approach is limited by the availability of suitable methods and instruments. Here, a simple on-site detection method for ammonium and nitrite is reported. The chemistry of this method is based on the classic Griess reaction and modified indophenol blue reaction. Digital image colorimetry is carried out using a smartphone with a custom-made WeChat mini-program or free built-in applications (APPs). Using a simple and low-cost analytical kit, the detection limit of 0.27 μmol/L and 0.84 μmol/L is achieved for nitrite and ammonium, respectively, which are comparable to those achieved with a benchtop spectrophotometer. Relative standard deviations (n = 7) for low and high concentrations of nitrite are 3.6% and 4.3% and for ammonium are 5.6% and 2.6%, respectively. Identical results with a relative error of less than 10% are obtained using different smartphones (n = 3), color extracting software (n = 6), and with multiple individual users (n = 5). These results show the robustness and applicability of the proposed method. The on-site application is carried out in an in-campus wastewater treatment plant and at a local river. A total of 40 samples are analyzed and the analytical results are compared with that obtained by a standard method and a spectrophotometer, followed by a paired t-test at a 95% confidence level. This proposed on-site analytical kit has the advantages of simplicity and portability and has the potential to be popular and useful for citizen science-based environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Dongshan Swire Marine Station, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Hangqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Dongshan Swire Marine Station, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengyue Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Dongshan Swire Marine Station, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyong Bo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Dongshan Swire Marine Station, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Dongshan Swire Marine Station, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Dongshan Swire Marine Station, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, People's Republic of China.
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Peeters ETHM, Gerritsen AAM, Seelen LMS, Begheyn M, Rienks F, Teurlincx S. Monitoring biological water quality by volunteers complements professional assessments. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263899. [PMID: 35213583 PMCID: PMC8880917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressively more community initiatives have been undertaken over last decades to monitor water quality. Biological data collected by volunteers has been used for biodiversity and water quality studies. Despite the many citizen science projects collecting and using macroinvertebrates, the number of scientific peer-reviewed publications that use this data, remains limited. In 2018, a citizen science project on biological water quality assessment was launched in the Netherlands. In this project, volunteers collect macroinvertebrates from a nearby waterbody, identify and count the number of specimens, and register the catch through a web portal to instantaneously receive a water quality score based on their data. Water quality monitoring in the Netherlands is traditionally the field of professionals working at water authorities. Here, we compare the data from the citizen science project with the data gathered by professionals. We evaluate information regarding type and distribution of sampled waterbodies and sampling period, and compare general patterns in both datasets with respect to collected animals and calculated water quality scores. The results show that volunteers and professionals seldomly sample the same waterbody, that there is some overlap in sampling period, and that volunteers more frequently sampled urban waters and smaller waterbodies. The citizen science project is thus yielding data about understudied waters and this spatial and temporal complementarity is useful. The character and thoroughness of the assessments by volunteers and professionals are likely to differentiate. Volunteers collected significantly lower numbers of animals per sample and fewer animals from soft sediments like worms and more mobile individuals from the open water column such as boatsmen and beetles. Due to the lack of simultaneous observations at various locations by volunteers and professionals, a direct comparison of water quality scores is impossible. However, the obtained patterns from both datasets show that the water quality scores between volunteers and professionals are dissimilar for the different water types. To bridge these differences, new tools and processes need to be further developed to increase the value of monitoring biological water quality by volunteers for professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin T. H. M. Peeters
- Chairgroup Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Laura M. S. Seelen
- Department of Planning and Monitoring, Regional Water Authority Brabantse Delta, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Begheyn
- Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Froukje Rienks
- Section Public Relations & Science Communication, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sven Teurlincx
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Alfonso L, Gharesifard M, Wehn U. Analysing the value of environmental citizen-generated data: Complementarity and cost per observation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 303:114157. [PMID: 34839172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The proliferation of Citizen Science initiatives has increased the expectations of practitioners who need data for design, analysis, management and research in environmental applications. Many Citizen Science experiences have reported tangible societal benefits related to improved governance of natural resources due to the involvement of citizens and communities. However, from the perspective of data generation, most of the literature on Citizen Science tends to regard it as a potentially cost-effective source of data, with major concerns about the quality of data. The Ground Truth 2.0 project brought the opportunity to examine the scope of this potential by analysing the value of citizen-generated data. We propose a methodology to account for the value of citizen observations as a function of their complementarity to existing environmental observations and the evolution of their costs in time. The application of the proposed methodology in the chosen case studies that were all established using a co-design approach shows that the cost of obtaining Citizen Science data is not as low as frequently stated in literature. This is because the costs associated with co-design events for creating a Citizen Science community, as well as the functional and technical design of the tools, are much higher than the costs of rolling out the actual observation campaigns. In none of the considered cases did an increment in the number of preparatory events translate into an immediate increase in the collected observations. Nevertheless, Citizen Science appears to have the greatest value in places where in-situ environmental monitoring is not implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Alfonso
- Department of Hydroinformatics and Socio-technical Innovation IHE Delft Institute of Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Uta Wehn
- Department of Hydroinformatics and Socio-technical Innovation IHE Delft Institute of Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX, Delft, the Netherlands
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11
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Speir SL, Shang L, Bolster D, Tank JL, Stoffel CJ, Wood DM, Peters BW, Wei N, Wang D. Solutions to Current Challenges in Widespread Monitoring of Groundwater Quality via Crowdsensing. GROUND WATER 2022; 60:15-24. [PMID: 34811746 DOI: 10.1111/gwat.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon L Speir
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
| | - Lanyu Shang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
- Currently at School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820
| | - Diogo Bolster
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
- Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
| | - Jennifer L Tank
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
- Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
| | - Casey J Stoffel
- Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
| | - Danielle M Wood
- Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
- Center for Civic Innovation, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
| | - Brett W Peters
- Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
| | - Na Wei
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
- Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
- Currently at University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
- Currently at School of Information Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556
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12
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Cakmak EK, Ugurlu A, Anbaroglu B. Adopting citizen science approach for water quality monitoring in Uzungöl, Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:604. [PMID: 34448950 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09395-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, adopting of citizen science approach for monitoring water quality of a lake (Uzungöl, Turkey) was investigated. The study consisted of selection of sampling points and water quality parameters, training of volunteers, sampling and analysis by volunteers, and development of a mobile application for data collection and storage. In the scope of the study, four measurement points around the lake were selected and elementary school students were trained both theoretically and practically to collect water quality data. During the project (June-December, 2018), volunteers collected water samples and measured temperature, pH, nitrate, and phosphate with the given test kits. The mobile application was developed using open source code and used to collect and store the volunteer data. According to the volunteer data, temperature values were between 8.5 and 15.5 °C, pH values were between 2 and 8.5, nitrate values were between 0.5 and 2.5 mg/L, and phosphate values were between 0.5 and 5 mg/L in the lake. Most of the pH and temperature results were compatible with field measurements done by research group during field visits. The motivation of the volunteers and mobile application development were the achievements of the project. Low number of the data and its reliability were the main limitations. Therefore, this study showed that citizen science has both capabilities and constraints for collection of water quality data, however; outstanding potential of citizen science is obvious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Kendir Cakmak
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Aysenur Ugurlu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berk Anbaroglu
- Department of Geomatics Engineering, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
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13
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Roy S, Mosteller K, Mosteller M, Webber K, Webber V, Webber S, Reid L, Walters L, Edwards MA. Citizen science chlorine surveillance during the Flint, Michigan federal water emergency. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 201:117304. [PMID: 34107367 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Rising incidence of waterborne diseases including Legionellosis linked to low chlorine residuals in buildings and the availability of inexpensive testing options, create an opportunity for citizen science chorine monitoring to complement sampling done by water utilities. University researchers and Flint residents coordinated a citizen science chlorine surveillance campaign in Flint, Michigan in 2015-19, that helped expose the nature of two deadly Legionnaires Disease outbreaks in 2014-2015 during the Flint Water Crisis and progress of system recovery during the Federal emergency. Results obtained with an inexpensive color wheel were in agreement with a digital colorimeter (R2 =0.99; p = 2.81 × 10-21) at 15 sites geographically distributed across Flint. Blinded tests revealed good agreement between official (n = 2051) and citizen (n = 654) data in terms of determining whether regulatory guidelines for chlorine were met, but a discovery that the citizen data were statistically lower than the city's (p<0.00001) especially in warm summer months led to recommendations for increased flushing of service lines before measurements. This work suggests that expanded citizen surveillance of chlorine, site specific flushing advice, and guidance on decisions about water heater set point could help consumers reduce Legionella risks in their homes. Citizen science initiatives for chlorine monitoring offer a unique opportunity for mutually beneficial collaborations between consumers and utilities to reduce the main source of waterborne disease in developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Roy
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, USA.
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14
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How Surface Water Management Can Benefit Fish Conservation in Urban Streams. JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.3996/jfwm-20-051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We analyzed 33 y of fish community data collected from a low-order, urban stream in central Illinois, USA, to determine the effects of municipal wastewater management projects and urbanization on fish communities. From 1985 to 2017, species richness, number of pollution-intolerant species, and alternative index of biotic integrity significantly increased at sites across this system. Species diversity likewise increased, but was mostly significant only at sites downstream of the effluent outflow. Ceasing the chlorination of wastewater in 1990 resulted in significant increases in fish community metrics both upstream and downstream of effluent outflow, although effects varied from site to site. Completing a combined sewer overflow abatement project in 2008 resulted in some significant increases in species richness, diversity, and number of pollution-intolerant species at sites downstream of effluent outflow. From 2001 to 2016, the change in the number of pollution-intolerant species correlated inversely with the increased percentage of impervious cover in the study system. There was no significant correlation of other metrics with the change in percent impervious surfaces. These results suggest that urbanization at upstream sites limited to some extent the benefits of water management interventions that improved fish community metrics at downstream sites.
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15
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Feature Extraction of Marine Water Pollution Based on Data Mining. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13020355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ocean occupies more than two-thirds of the earth’s area, providing a lot of oxygen and materials for human survival and development. However, with human activities, a large number of sewage, plastic bags, and other wastes are discharged into the ocean, and the problem of marine water pollution has become a hot topic in the world. In order to extract the characteristics of marine water pollution, this study proposed K-means clustering technology based on cosine distance and discrimination to study the polluted water. In this study, the polygonal area method combined with six parameters of water quality is used to analyze the marine water body anomalies, so as to realize the rapid and real-time monitoring of marine water body anomalies. At the same time, the cosine distance method and discrimination are used to classify marine water pollutants, so as to improve the classification accuracy. The results show that the detection rate of water quality anomalies is more than 88.2%, and the overall classification accuracy of water pollution is 96.3%, which proves the effectiveness of the method. It is hoped that this study can provide timely and effective data support for the detection of marine water bodies.
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16
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Walker DW, Smigaj M, Tani M. The benefits and negative impacts of citizen science applications to water as experienced by participants and communities. WIRES WATER 2021. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1002/wat2.1488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David W. Walker
- JSPS International Research Fellow, Faculty of Design Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Magdalena Smigaj
- JSPS International Research Fellow, Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
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17
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Wang S, Matt M, Murphy BL, Perkins M, Matthews DA, Moran SD, Zeng T. Organic Micropollutants in New York Lakes: A Statewide Citizen Science Occurrence Study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:13759-13770. [PMID: 33064942 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c04775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The widespread occurrence of organic micropollutants (OMPs) is a challenge for aquatic ecosystem management, and closing the gaps in risk assessment of OMPs requires a data-driven approach. One promising tool for increasing the spatiotemporal coverage of OMP data sets is through the active involvement of citizen volunteers to expand the scale of OMP monitoring. Working collaboratively with volunteers from the Citizens Statewide Lake Assessment Program (CSLAP), we conducted the first statewide study on OMP occurrence in surface waters of New York lakes. Samples collected by CSLAP volunteers were analyzed for OMPs by a suspect screening method based on mixed-mode solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Sixty-five OMPs were confirmed and quantified in samples from 111 lakes across New York. Hierarchical clustering of OMP occurrence data revealed the relevance of 11 most frequently detected OMPs for classifying the contamination status of lakes. Partial least squares regression and multiple linear regression analyses prioritized three water quality parameters linked to agricultural and developed land uses (i.e., total dissolved nitrogen, specific conductance, and a wastewater-derived fluorescent organic matter component) as the best combination of predictors that partly explained the interlake variability in OMP occurrence. Lastly, the exposure-activity ratio approach identified the potential for biological effects associated with detected OMPs that warrant further biomonitoring studies. Overall, this work demonstrated the feasibility of incorporating citizen science approaches into the regional impact assessment of OMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiru Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, 151 Link Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Monica Matt
- Upstate Freshwater Institute, 224 Midler Park Drive, Syracuse, New York 13206, United States
| | - Bethany L Murphy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, 151 Link Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - MaryGail Perkins
- Upstate Freshwater Institute, 224 Midler Park Drive, Syracuse, New York 13206, United States
| | - David A Matthews
- Upstate Freshwater Institute, 224 Midler Park Drive, Syracuse, New York 13206, United States
| | - Sharon D Moran
- Department of Environmental Studies, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Teng Zeng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, 151 Link Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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18
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San Llorente Capdevila A, Kokimova A, Sinha Ray S, Avellán T, Kim J, Kirschke S. Success factors for citizen science projects in water quality monitoring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:137843. [PMID: 32570323 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Attempts to monitor the quality of freshwater resources on a global scale unveil huge data lacks. Involving citizens in data collection has potential to resolve this lack of water quality data. However, it is widely unclear which factors drive the success of citizen science activities. Based on a systematic literature review of 56 peer-reviewed research articles, we identify three sets of factors for successful citizen science projects in water quality monitoring: (i) attributes of citizens (knowledge and experience in collecting data, awareness of environmental problems, motivation, and socio-economic background of citizens), (ii) attributes of institutions (motivation, type of organization, consistent and adequate funding), and (iii) the interactions between citizens and institutions (supporting structure, communication and feedback). These three sets of factors enable a systematic analysis and design of citizen science projects in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tamara Avellán
- United Nations University - Institute for Integrated Management of Material Fluxes and of Resources (UNU-FLORES), Germany
| | - Jiwon Kim
- United Nations University - Institute for Integrated Management of Material Fluxes and of Resources (UNU-FLORES), Germany
| | - Sabrina Kirschke
- United Nations University - Institute for Integrated Management of Material Fluxes and of Resources (UNU-FLORES), Germany
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19
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Quinlivan L, Chapman DV, Sullivan T. Applying citizen science to monitor for the Sustainable Development Goal Indicator 6.3.2: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:218. [PMID: 32144562 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-8193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The United Nations has called for increased public participation in scientific research, to benefit professionals, the public and the planet. Citizen science has been suggested as a cost-effective means by which this call can be met, and by which monitoring for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) may be carried out. Indeed, citizen science has gained significant attention in recent years as the scale of environmental issues surpasses the monitoring resources that currently exist. However, many challenges continue to act as a barrier to the acceptance of citizen science as a reliable scientific approach. Here, the current state of knowledge on the use of citizen science in water quality monitoring is reviewed, and the potential for utilizing this approach to enhance monitoring for SDG Indicator 6.3.2 on the "proportion of bodies of water of good ambient water quality" is evaluated. The objective of this review is to identify key knowledge gaps and hurdles hindering the adoption of citizen science contributions to water quality monitoring under the SDGs, so that these gaps may be addressed in a timely manner for future monitoring programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Quinlivan
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Centre for Global Development, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Deborah V Chapman
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- UN Environment GEMS/Water Capacity Development Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Timothy Sullivan
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, 6 Lee Rd, Cork, T23 XE10, Ireland.
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20
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Tort-Donada J, Santasusagna A, Rode S, Vadrí MT. Bridging the gap between city and water: A review of urban-river regeneration projects in France and Spain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 700:134460. [PMID: 31654814 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The urban regeneration of European river spaces since the 1990s has allowed their transformation into new axes of centrality and socialization and has seen the concentration of green areas along the banks of Europe's cities. This process has been promoted by the implementation of various projects, conducted at different scales and with varying budgets, in a range of urban-river habitats; yet, all of them seek a common goal: the exploitation of river spaces as new areas for social uses. In Western Europe, both France and Spain have implemented major projects that serve as good examples of urban regeneration. This paper identifies, classifies and analyses the main French and Spanish urban-river regeneration projects described in studies published since 1990 through a literature review and a statistical treatment of data. We identified 47 publications, referring to 12 projects in France and 14 projects in Spain, that allow us to conduct an analysis of the characteristics of this urban regeneration process. Overall, the projects are highly varied, above all in terms of their scale, the way in which they use processes of public participation to reach citizen consensus, and their implementation of environmental measures as a complement to urban regeneration. The projects with the largest budgets, as well as those targeting the largest areas for regeneration, have been made possible thanks to EU funding. In contrast, smaller budgets and interventions of shorter length and area tend to characterize the projects without EU funds. Additionally, processes of public participation have also been a key element, above all in France, and most projects with environmental rehabilitation have been carried out in Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Tort-Donada
- GRAM (Grup de Recerca Ambiental Mediterrània), Department of Geography, University of Barcelona, Montalegre 6, 08001 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Albert Santasusagna
- GRAM (Grup de Recerca Ambiental Mediterrània), Department of Geography, University of Barcelona, Montalegre 6, 08001 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sylvain Rode
- UMR 5281 ART-Dev (Acteurs, Ressources et Territoires dans le Développement), University of Perpignan, Via Domitia. 52 avenue Paul Alduy. 66860, Perpignan CEDEX, France
| | - Maria Teresa Vadrí
- GRAM (Grup de Recerca Ambiental Mediterrània), Department of Administrative Law, Procedural Law and Financial and Tax Law, University of Barcelona, Diagonal, 684, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Njue N, Stenfert Kroese J, Gräf J, Jacobs SR, Weeser B, Breuer L, Rufino MC. Citizen science in hydrological monitoring and ecosystem services management: State of the art and future prospects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133531. [PMID: 31635016 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrological monitoring is essential to guide evidence-based decision making necessary for sustainable water resource management and governance. Limited hydrometric datasets and the pressure on long-term hydrological monitoring networks make it paramount to explore alternative methods for data collection. This is particularly the case for low-income countries, where data scarcity is more pronounced, and where conventional monitoring methods are expensive and logistically challenging. Citizen science in hydrological research has recently gained popularity and crowdsourced monitoring is a promising cost-effective approach for data collection. Citizen science also has the potential to enhance knowledge co-creation and science-based evidence that underpins the governance and management of water resources. This paper provides a comprehensive review on citizen science and crowdsourced data collection within the context of hydrology, based on a synthesis of 71 articles from 2001 to 2018. Application of citizen science in hydrology is increasing in number and breadth, generating a plethora of scientific data. Citizen science approaches differ in scale, scope and degree of citizen involvement. Most of the programs are found in North America and Europe. Participation mostly comprises a contributory citizen science model, which engages citizens in data collection. In order to leverage the full potential of citizen science in knowledge co-generation, future citizen science projects in hydrology could benefit from more co-created types of projects that establish strong ties between research and public engagement, thereby enhancing the long-term sustainability of monitoring networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Njue
- Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management (ILR), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Nairobi, Kenya; University of Kabianga, Kericho, Kenya
| | - J Stenfert Kroese
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - J Gräf
- Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management (ILR), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - S R Jacobs
- Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management (ILR), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; Centre for International Development and Environmental Research (ZEU), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - B Weeser
- Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management (ILR), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; Centre for International Development and Environmental Research (ZEU), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - L Breuer
- Institute for Landscape Ecology and Resources Management (ILR), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; Centre for International Development and Environmental Research (ZEU), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - M C Rufino
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom.
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Abstract
Hydroinformatics, as an interdisciplinary domain that blurs boundaries between water science, data science and computer science, is constantly evolving and reinventing itself. At the heart of this evolution, lies a continuous process of critical (self) appraisal of the discipline’s past, present and potential for further evolution, that creates a positive feedback loop between legacy, reality and aspirations. The power of this process is attested by the successful story of hydroinformatics thus far, which has arguably been able to mobilize wide ranging research and development and get the water sector more in tune with the digital revolution of the past 30 years. In this context, this paper attempts to trace the evolution of the discipline, from its computational hydraulics origins to its present focus on the complete socio-technical system, by providing at the same time, a functional framework to improve the understanding and highlight the links between different strands of the state-of-art hydroinformatic research and innovation. Building on this state-of-art landscape, the paper then attempts to provide an overview of key developments that are coming up, on the discipline’s horizon, focusing on developments relevant to urban water management, while at the same time, highlighting important legal, ethical and technical challenges that need to be addressed to ensure that the brightest aspects of this potential future are realized. Despite obvious limitations imposed by a single paper’s ability to report on such a diverse and dynamic field, it is hoped that this work contributes to a better understanding of both the current state of hydroinformatics and to a shared vision on the most exciting prospects for the future evolution of the discipline and the water sector it serves.
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23
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Baalbaki R, Ahmad SH, Kays W, Talhouk SN, Saliba NA, Al-Hindi M. Citizen science in Lebanon-a case study for groundwater quality monitoring. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:181871. [PMID: 30891297 PMCID: PMC6408373 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, several citizen science projects have been launched, with a smaller subset addressing citizen scientists' involvement in water quality monitoring. Most of these projects were conducted in developed countries and focused on qualitative assessment and measurements of a limited number of water quality parameters. Moreover, data generated by citizen scientists were mainly for monitoring purposes and rarely resulted in remedial measures. In this work, a collaborative citizen science approach involving local citizens and university researchers was applied to assess the groundwater quality in a Lebanese village. Using a mobile laboratory, winter and summer sampling campaigns were conducted and 12 physical, chemical and biological water quality parameters were tested. Results indicated that the data generated by the citizen scientists were comparable with those generated by university researchers for the majority of physical and chemical water quality parameters. However, the bacteriological test results showed a marked difference and may be attributed to the complexity of the testing procedure and quality of testing material. The collaborative and participatory approach resulted in building local capacity and knowledge and in the formation of a locally elected water committee which will be responsible for continuous monitoring of the groundwater resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Baalbaki
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Serine Haidar Ahmad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Wassim Kays
- Nature Conservation Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Salma N. Talhouk
- Department of Landscape and Ecosystem Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Najat A. Saliba
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Authors for correspondence: Najat A. Saliba e-mail:
| | - Mahmoud Al-Hindi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Authors for correspondence: Mahmoud Al-Hindi e-mail:
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24
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What Participation? Distinguishing Water Monitoring Programs in Mining Regions Based on Community Participation. WATER 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/w10101325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Water issues are a major concern for the mining sector and for communities living near mining operations. Water-related conflicts can damage a firm’s social license to operate while violent conflicts pose devastating impacts on community well-being. Collaborative approaches to water management are gaining attention as a proactive solution to prevent conflict. One manifestation of these efforts is participatory water monitoring (PWM). PWM programs have the potential to generate new scientific information on water quantity and quality, improve scientific literacy, generate trust among stakeholders, improve water resource management and ultimately mitigate conflict. The emergence of PWM programs signals a shift toward greater stakeholder collaboration and more inclusive water governance within mining regions. In this article, we propose a new framework to evaluate the degree and extent of community involvement in PWM programs. This framework builds on citizen science literature. When applied to 20 cases in Latin America, notable differences in the degree of community and company participation between PWM programs are found. These differences suggest that companies and communities approach these programs from very different points of view. It is concluded that more attentive collaboration between firms and communities in the design of the program, the collection of data and interpretation of the results is needed to effectively build trust through PWM.
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