1
|
Roux C, Madru C, Millan Navarro D, Jan G, Mazzella N, Moreira A, Vedrenne J, Carassou L, Morin S. Impact of urban pollution on freshwater biofilms: Oxidative stress, photosynthesis and lipid responses. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134523. [PMID: 38723485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Urban ecosystems are subjected to multiple anthropogenic stresses, which impact aquatic communities. Artificial light at night (ALAN) for instance can significantly alter the composition of algal communities as well as the photosynthetic cycles of autotrophic organisms, possibly leading to cellular oxidative stress. The combined effects of ALAN and chemical contamination could increase oxidative impacts in aquatic primary producers, although such combined effects remain insufficiently explored. To address this knowledge gap, a one-month experimental approach was implemented under controlled conditions to elucidate effects of ALAN and dodecylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride (DDBAC) on aquatic biofilms. DDBAC is a biocide commonly used in virucidal products, and is found in urban aquatic ecosystems. The bioaccumulation of DDBAC in biofilms exposed or not to ALAN was analyzed. The responses of taxonomic composition, photosynthetic activity, and fatty acid composition of biofilms were examined. The results indicate that ALAN negatively affects photosynthetic yield and chlorophyll production of biofilms. Additionally, exposure to DDBAC at environmental concentrations induces lipid peroxidation, with an increase of oxylipins. This experimental study provides first insights on the consequences of ALAN and DDBAC for aquatic ecosystems. It also opens avenues for the identification of new biomarkers that could be used to monitor urban pollution impacts in natural environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Roux
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas cedex, France.
| | - Cassandre Madru
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas cedex, France
| | | | - Gwilherm Jan
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Mazzella
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas cedex, France; Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Villenave d'Ornon 33140, France
| | - Aurélie Moreira
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas cedex, France; Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Villenave d'Ornon 33140, France
| | - Jacky Vedrenne
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas cedex, France
| | - Laure Carassou
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas cedex, France
| | - Soizic Morin
- INRAE, UR EABX, 50 avenue de Verdun, 33612 Cestas cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vieira Sanches M, Oliva M, Mezzetta A, Guazzelli L, De Marchi L, Freitas R, Pretti C. In vitro screening of imidazolium and pyrrolidinium based ionic liquids toxicity on subcellular fractions of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 104:104305. [PMID: 37898323 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been considered eco-friendly alternatives to conventional organic solvents. However, several studies have reported that ILs exert toxicity towards aquatic invertebrates. Applying in vitro methodology, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential effect of three ILs on the biochemical performance of exposed Mytilus galloprovincialis digestive gland and gills cellular fractions. Carboxylesterase might be involved in the derived toxicity mechanism of ILs as activity levels increased significantly in digestive gland exposed fractions. This group of ILs did not seem to induce genotoxicity, except in gills cellular fractions exposed to 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide. In the literature, in vitro methodology has been suggested as an important complement to animal testing and in silico studies. The present research underlines its efficacy as a quick pre-screening before in vivo testing, particularly with heterogenic groups of substances with high variability in composition, such as ILs and deep eutectic solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Vieira Sanches
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Matteo Oliva
- Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology "G. Bacci", 57128 Livorno, Italy.
| | - Andrea Mezzetta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Guazzelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia De Marchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56122 San Piero a Grado, PI, Italy
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology "G. Bacci", 57128 Livorno, Italy; Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56122 San Piero a Grado, PI, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Toxicity of ionic liquids in marine and freshwater microorganisms and invertebrates: state of the art. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:39288-39318. [PMID: 36745344 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25562-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The variety of applications and expected growth in ionic liquid production are raising concerns about the release of these compounds into aquatic systems. Up to date, 103 studies have provided ecotoxicological data regarding the exposure effects of Ionic Liquids towards aquatic microorganisms and invertebrate species: 61 were devoted to freshwater species (n = 28), while marine species (n = 12) were mentioned in 42. The aim of this review, by gathering published studies on ionic liquids and model aquatic organisms, was to present the toxic effects described in distinct species and to understand which are the main factors influencing the toxicity of some ionic liquids. In accordance with the most recognized pattern, freshwater species were featured in a higher number of publications than marine ones. After literature analysis, algal species were the most represented organisms in aquatic toxicity assessments. Among tested compounds, the imidazolium cations in combination with long alkyl-chain anions, showed to be the most toxic one. In analytical terms, it is not straightforward to find the undissociated compound in a natural compartment, as ionic liquids are composed of ionic components, easily subjected to dissociation. Given the aforementioned, the present review paper points out the need of increasing the number of organisms being assessed in ionic liquids toxicity assays, in order to start defining monitoring procedures. Moreover, such would allow a better understanding of ionic liquids contamination status and, also, the opportunity to remark the effectiveness of new in silico methods for the ecotoxicity assessment of this kind of substances.
Collapse
|
4
|
Khan AS, Sakina, Nasrullah A, Ullah S, Ullah Z, Khan Z, Khan NA, Khan SZ, Din IU. An Overview on Phytotoxic Perspective of Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents: The Role of Chemical Structure in the Phytotoxicity. CHEMBIOENG REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cben.202200033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sada Khan
- University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry 28100 Bannu Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Sakina
- University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry 28100 Bannu Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Asma Nasrullah
- University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry 28100 Bannu Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University Department of Chemistry 25000 Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Saadat Ullah
- Hazara University Department of Chemistry Mansehra Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Zahoor Ullah
- Baluchistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS) Department of Chemistry Takatu Campus 87100 Quetta Pakistan
| | - Zahid Khan
- American University of Sharjah Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering P.O. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates
| | - Naveed Ahmed Khan
- University of Sharjah Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine University City 27272 Sharjah Unites Arab Emirates
- Istinye University Istinye Faculty of Medicine 34396 Istanbul Turkey
| | - Shahan Zeb Khan
- University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry 28100 Bannu Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan
| | - Israf Ud Din
- Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities P.O. Box 173 Al-Kharj Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hao B, Wu H, Zhang S, He B. Individual and combined toxicity of microplastics and diuron differs between freshwater and marine diatoms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158334. [PMID: 36044954 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are considered as the emerging pollutants, which not only directly affect aquatic organisms, but also causes combined pollution by adsorbing other pollutants. Diuron, as one of the most widely used herbicides, is frequently monitored in the aquatic environment for its adverse effects on aquatic organisms. However, little is known about the combined toxicity of microplastics and diuron to aquatic organisms, especially diatoms. In this study, freshwater diatom (Cyclotella meneghiniana) and marine diatom (Skeletonema costatum) were selected to study the individual and combined toxicity of microplastics (polystyrene, 0.6- 1.0 μm) and diuron. Experimental concentrations of microplastics and diuron were set at 50 mg/L and 100 μg/L, respectively, which have been shown to significantly inhibit the growth of aquatic organisms. Results suggested that both single microplastics and single diuron significantly inhibited the growth of the two diatoms, while significant SOD and MDA increase were only found in single diuron exposure. For diatoms exposed to individual microplastics, the microplastic particles adsorbed inside Cyclotella sp. and those aggregated around Skeletonema sp. were the major factor inhibiting the growth of diatom, respectively. According to the independent action model, the combined toxicity for both diatoms were all antagonistic. The adsorption behavior of microplastics to diuron alleviated the intracellular damage to diatoms caused by diuron, and the oxidative stress induced by diuron mitigated the physical damage to diatoms caused by microplastics. Collectively, our findings suggest that the co-existence of microplastics and diuron may affect their respective toxicity to diatoms. The mechanism of this "cross-phenomenon" between microplastics and diuron and their combined toxicity to different aquatic organisms need to be further studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Hao
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Haoping Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Siyi Zhang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Bin He
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Q, Gao K, Li L, Yang M, Gao Z, Deng X. Salinity fluctuation influences the toxicity of 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C 8mim]Cl) to a marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114379. [PMID: 36435022 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a marine diatom (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) was exposed to 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C8mim]Cl) for 96 h at three different salinities (25, 35, and 45 ‰) for investigating their interactive effects. Results showed that values of EC10 and EC50 at 96 h of exposure were 0.29, 1.06, 2.01 μg L-1 and 7.21, 7.71, 7.25 mg L-1 when the salinities were 25, 35, and 45 ‰, respectively, meaning that salinity fluctuation affected the toxicity of [C8mim]Cl to this diatom. Changes in chlorophyll a contents and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters suggested that [C8mim]Cl and salinity fluctuation had a significant interactive effect on the algal photosynthesis. In addition, soluble protein content and activities of antioxidant enzymes in algal cells changed significantly. Increased malondialdehyde contents indicated that the combined stresses could induce excessive production of reactive oxygen species leading to oxidative damage to the algal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Liu
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Gao
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Linqing Li
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengting Yang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Gao
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyuan Deng
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Endoplasmic reticulum-quality control pathway and endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation mechanism regulate the N-glycoproteins and N-glycan structures in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:219. [PMID: 36266689 PMCID: PMC9585838 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01941-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tunicamycin inhibits the first step of protein N-glycosylation modification. However, the physiological, transcriptomic, and N-glycomic effects of tunicamycin on important marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum are still unknown. In this study, comprehensive approaches were used to study the effects of tunicamycin stress. The results showed that cell growth and photosynthesis were significantly inhibited in P. tricornutum under the tunicamycin stress. The soluble protein content was significantly decreased, while the soluble sugar and neutral lipid were dramatically increased to orchestrate the balance of carbon and nitrogen metabolisms. The stress of 0.3 μg ml-1 tunicamycin resulted in the differential expression of ERQC and ERAD related genes. The upregulation of genes involved in ERQC pathway, the activation of anti-oxidases and the differential expression of genes related with ERAD mechanism might be important for maintaining homeostasis in cell. The identification of N-glycans, especially complex-type N-glycan structures enriched the N-glycan database of diatom P. tricornutum and provided important information for studying the function of N-glycosylation modification on proteins. As a whole, our study proposed working models of ERQC and ERAD will provide a solid foundation for further in-depth study of the related mechanism and the diatom expression system.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang J, Cheng C, Lu C, Li W, Li B, Wang J, Wang J, Du Z, Zhu L. Comparison of the toxic effects of non-task-specific and task-specific ionic liquids on zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133643. [PMID: 35051520 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are composed of only anions and cations and are liquid solvents at room temperature. Different functional groups were introduced into the ILs, conferring them with specific functions or purposes and thus forming special ILs, namely task-specific ILs (TSILs). Imidazolium-based ILs are the most widely used ILs in industrial production. To date, there have been some studies on the toxic effects of ILs on different organisms. However, the effect of functionalized groups on the toxicity of ILs is still unclear. In the present study, zebrafish were used as model organisms to study the toxic effects of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([C2mim]NO3) and 1-hydroxyethyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([HOC2mim]NO3). The results showed that both promoted an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents, leading to lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. Furthermore, integrated biological response analysis showed that [HOC2mim]NO3 was less toxic to zebrafish than [C2mim]NO3, which indicated that adding functional groups decreased the toxicity of ILs to organisms. The influence of chemical structure on IL toxicity was also reported. These results could provide a scientific basis for better synthesis and utilization of ILs in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Chengbo Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Wenxiu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gao K, Xue C, Yang M, Li L, Qian P, Gao Z, Gao Z, Deng X. Optimization of light intensity and photoperiod for growing Chlorella sorokiniana on cooking cocoon wastewater in a bubble-column bioreactor. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
|
10
|
Design and performance of a low-cost microalgae culturing system for growing Chlorella sorokiniana on cooking cocoon wastewater. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
11
|
Dong J, Li L, Liu Q, Yang M, Gao Z, Qian P, Gao K, Deng X. Interactive effects of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microplastics and salinity variation on a marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133240. [PMID: 34896422 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Until now, knowledge about the interactive effects of microplastics and environmental factors on primary producers is quite limited. In this work, a marine diatom (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) was exposed to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microplastics at different salinities (25, 35, and 45‰) for 10 days in order to study their interactive effects. Results showed that growth of P. tricornutum was negatively affected by PMMA microplastics and salinity variation with a minimum EC50 value of 91.75 mg L-1. Photosynthetic activity of P. tricornutum was also inhibited by the two factors, and their interactive effects on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm and ΦPSII) were significant. In the algal cells, soluble protein accumulated, activities of two antioxidant enzymes changed, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased when this diatom was exposed to the microplastics at different salinities. These data would help to evaluate the risks of microplastics to primary producers under different environmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Dong
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Linqing Li
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoqiao Liu
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengting Yang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Gao
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingkang Qian
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Gao
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyuan Deng
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Golmohammadi B, Shekaari H, Zafarani-Moattar MT. Thermodynamic Properties of Ternary Systems Containing (LiCl and LiBr) + Propylene Carbonate + Ionic Liquid (1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Thiocyanate). ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27874-27887. [PMID: 34722987 PMCID: PMC8552347 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of the Li-ion battery Industry in a green way is crucial for human beings' future. Ionic liquids (ILs) are green cosolvents that could be applied in Li-ion battery electrolytes. A thermodynamic study has been carried out for a Li-ion electrolyte (propylene carbonate (PC) + LiCl and LiBr) in the presence of IL 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate [RMIM][SCN] (R = butyl, hexyl, and octyl). The studied thermodynamic properties were density, speed of sound, apparent molar volume, and compressibility. The effect of ILs in propylene carbonate (PC) has been investigated under atmospheric pressure at T = (288.15-318.15) K. Also, a microscopic approach using scaled particle theory has been implemented. The solvation effect of lithium halides, LiX (X = Cl-, Br-), on the volumetric and compressibility properties of the ILs has been studied at 298.15 K. The results show that [OMIM][SCN] has the strongest interactions with PC in the studied ILs and these interactions are more weakened with the addition of LiBr than LiCl. According to the partial molar compressibility results, the systems containing [OMIM][SCN] could be used under pressure more beneficially than other systems from the thermodynamic aspect of view.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hemayat Shekaari
- Department
of Physical Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu Q, Wang Y, Li Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Zhou B, Zhou Z. Nutrient Alteration Drives the Impacts of Seawater Acidification on the Bloom-Forming Dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:739159. [PMID: 34751224 PMCID: PMC8572056 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.739159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seawater acidification and nutrient alteration are two dominant environmental factors in coastal environments that influence the dynamics and succession of marine microalgae. However, the impacts of their combination have seldom been recorded. A simulated experimental system was set up to mimic the effects of elevated acidification on a bloom-forming dinoflagellate, Karenia mikimotoi, exposed to different nutrient conditions, and the possible mechanism was discussed. The results showed that acidification at different pH levels of 7.6 or 7.4 significantly influenced microalgal growth (p<0.05) compared with the control at pH 8.0. Mitochondria, the key sites of aerobic respiration and energy production, were impaired in a pH-dependent manner, and a simultaneous alteration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production occurred. Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and citrate synthase (CS), two mitochondrial metabolism-related enzymes, were actively induced with acidification exposure, suggesting the involvement of the mitochondrial pathway in coping with acidification. Moreover, different nutrient statuses indicated by various N:P ratios of 7:1 (N limitation) and 52:1 (P limitation) dramatically altered the impacts of acidification compared with those exposed to an N:P ratio of 17:1 (control), microalgal growth at pH 7.4 was obviously accelerated with the elevation of the nutrient ratio compared to that at pH 8.1 (p<0.05), and nutrient limitations seemed beneficial for growth in acidifying conditions. The production of alkaline phosphatase (AP) and acid phosphatase (AcP), an effective index indicating the microalgal growth status, significantly increased at the same time (p<0.05), which further supported this speculation. However, nitrate reductase (NR) was slightly inhibited. Hemolytic toxin production showed an obvious increase as the N:P ratio increased when exposed to acidification. Taken together, mitochondrial metabolism was suspected to be involved in the process of coping with acidification, and nutrient alterations, especially P limitation, could effectively alleviate the negative impacts induced by acidification. The obtained results might be a possible explanation for the competitive fitness of K. mikimotoi during bloom development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanqun Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yijun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - You Wang
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhou
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cho CW, Pham TPT, Zhao Y, Stolte S, Yun YS. Review of the toxic effects of ionic liquids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 786:147309. [PMID: 33975102 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Interest in ionic liquids (ILs), called green or designer solvents, has been increasing because of their excellent properties such as thermal stability and low vapor pressure; thus, they can replace harmful organic chemicals and help several industrial fields e.g., energy-storage materials production and biomaterial pretreatment. However, the claim that ILs are green solvents should be carefully considered from an environmental perspective. ILs, given their minimal vapor pressure, may not directly cause atmospheric pollution. However, they have the potential to cause adverse effects if leaked into the environment, for instance if they are spilled due to human mistakes or technical errors. To estimate the risks of ILs, numerous ILs have had their toxicity assessed toward several micro- and macro-organisms over the past few decades. Since the toxic effects of ILs depend on the method of estimating toxicity, it is necessary to briefly summarize and comprehensively discuss the biological effects of ILs according to their structure and toxicity testing levels. This can help simplify our understanding of the toxicity of ILs. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the key findings of toxicological information of ILs, collect some toxicity data of ILs to different species, and explain the influence of IL structure on their toxic properties. In the discussion, we estimated two different sensitivity values of toxicity testing levels depending on the experiment condition, which are theoretical magnitudes of the inherent sensitivity of toxicity testing levels in various conditions and their changes in biological response according to the change in IL structure. Finally, some perspectives, future research directions, and limitations to toxicological research of ILs, presented so far, are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Woong Cho
- Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.
| | - Thi Phuong Thuy Pham
- Faculty of Biotechnology, HoChiMihn University of Food Industry, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, Hubei Province, China
| | - Stefan Stolte
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Hydrosciences, Institute of Water Chemistry, Bergstraße 66, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yeoung-Sang Yun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Chonbuk National University, 567 Beakje-dearo, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xue C, Gao K, Qian P, Dong J, Gao Z, Liu Q, Chen B, Deng X. Cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana in a bubble-column bioreactor coupled with cooking cocoon wastewater treatment: effects of initial cell density and aeration rate. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 83:2615-2628. [PMID: 34115617 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have documented that Chlorella sorokiniana could grow well on cooking cocoon wastewater (CCW) with a maximum biomass of 0.49 g/L. In order to further enhance the biomass production and nutrient removals, a bubble-column bioreactor was designed and performed to cultivate C. sorokiniana in CCW, and two main cultivation parameters were investigated in this work. Results showed that a maximum algal biomass, specific growth rate, and biomass productivity of 2.83 g/L, 0.854 d-1, and 476.25 g/L/d, respectively, were achieved when this alga was cultivated in the bioreactor with an initial cell density of 0.8 g/L and an aeration rate of 3.34 L air/L culture/min; meanwhile, removal efficiencies of ammonium, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand reached 97.96, 85.66, 97.96, and 86.43%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that obtained in our previous studies. Moreover, chemical compositions in the algal cells varied with the changes of cultivation conditions (i.e., initial cell density and aeration rate). Thus, it is concluded that (1) the bubble-column bioreactor was suitable for cultivation of C. sorokiniana coupled with the CCW treatment and (2) initial cell density and aeration rate affected the biomass production, nutrient removals and chemical compositions of this alga.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunye Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China E-mail:
| | - Kun Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China E-mail:
| | - Pingkang Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China E-mail:
| | - Jingwei Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China E-mail:
| | - Zheng Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China E-mail:
| | - Qiaoqiao Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China E-mail:
| | - Biao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China E-mail:
| | - Xiangyuan Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gao K, Li B, Xue C, Dong J, Qian P, Lu Q, Deng X. Oxidative stress responses caused by dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) in a marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 166:112222. [PMID: 33711610 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A marine diatom (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) was exposed to different concentrations of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) for 96 h within a batch-culture system to investigate their toxicities. Results showed that P. tricornutum could remove DMP and DEP effectively with removal rates of 0.20-0.30 and 0.14-0.21 mg L-1 h-1, respectively. In addition, DMP and DEP significantly inhibited the photosynthesis and chlorophyll a biosynthesis of P. tricornutum with 96-h EC50 values of 390.5 mg L-1 and 74.0 mg L-1, respectively. Results of reactive oxygen species (ROS) level suggested that the two PAEs could induce excessive ROS production in the diatom. Moreover, activities of antioxidant enzymes (i.e., SOD and POD) in the diatom increased with the increase of DMP and DEP concentrations. The results will help to understand the toxic mechanisms of PAEs, and provide strong evidences for evaluating their ecological risks in the marine environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
| | - Chunye Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
| | - Jingwei Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
| | - Pingkang Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
| | - Qian Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China
| | - Xiangyuan Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhu Y, Zhong X, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Huang H. Growth Performance and Antioxidative Response of Chlorella pyrenoidesa, Dunaliella salina, and Anabaena cylindrica to Four Kinds of Ionic Liquids. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:1945-1966. [PMID: 33528747 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids are widely used for lipid and pigment extractions from microalgae. It is possible that ionic liquids are discharged into environments. The evaluation of growth performance and antioxidative response of ionic liquids to microalgae is helpful to explore the stress regulation mechanism and investigate possible environmental risk. Ionic liquids induce production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to microalgae. These oxidative stresses are possible from cations, anions, and salinity. In this study, the growth inhibitions of [BMIM]Br, [BMIM]Cl, [EMIM]Cl, and [EMIM]EtOSO3 to Anabaena cylindrica, Chlorella pyrenoidesa, and Dunaliella salina were evaluated. It was interesting that Br- and two kinds of cations, [BMIM] and [EMIM], had significant effects on growth inhibitions of these microalgae. IC50 values of these ionic liquids for A. cylindrica, C. pyrenoidesa, and D. salina were also estimated based on the results of growth inhibitions. It was proved that [EMIM]Cl is relatively harmless to C. pyrenoidesa and D. salina, and [EMIM]EtOSO3 is relatively or practically harmless to C. pyrenoidesa. [BMIM]Br and [BMIM]Cl are practically harmless to A. cylindrica and C. pyrenoidesa, and relatively harmless to D. salina. More than 0.8 g/L [EMIM]EtOSO3 led to bleaching of both A. cylindrica and D. salina at 48 h which was shown that the anion, EtOSO3-, had higher inhibition to A. cylindrica and D. salina than Cl-. In addition, high concentration of ionic liquids led to reductions of chlorophyll content in these three kinds of microalgae, increase of ROS levels and malondialdehyde contents for most of the cases. High concentration of ionic liquids also increased the activities of superoxide dismutase in three kinds of microalgae. There were positive correlations between ROS levels or MDA content, and inhibitions ratios of these ionic liquids to microalgae except [EMIM]Cl to A. cylindrica. These antioxidant enzymes were beneficial for reducing the ROS induced by ionic liquids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqing Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujiao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanyu Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China.
| | - He Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu South Road, Nanjing, 211816, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 5 Xinmofan Road, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China. .,School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 2 Xuelin Road, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Habibul N, Hu YY, Hu Y, Sheng GP. Alkyl chain length affecting uptake of imidazolium based ionic liquids by ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123376. [PMID: 32652424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Imidazolium based ionic liquids (ILs) have been extensively used in the various industrial fields, however, the dependence of their structure on toxicity and bioavailability by plants is not clear. Thus, in this study, uptake of imidazolium based ILs with different alkyl chain lengths (e.g., [C2mim]+ and [C8mim]+) by ryegrass and their toxicity to plant growth were investigated. Results show that the two ILs could be removed by ryegrass with high efficiencies, and a higher uptake efficiency and accumulation was observed for [C2mim]+ with shorter chain length compared with that for [C8mim]+. A higher growth inhibition of ryegrass by [C8mim]+ was observed compared with that by [C2mim]+, indicating the long alkyl chain length of ILs had a negative effect on the plant growth. ILs taken up by ryegrass was retained in the roots and their translocation from roots to shoots was restricted. The IL concentration in roots was 0.68 mg/g-fresh weight for [C2mim]+ and 0.08 mg/g- fresh weight for [C8mim]+ when the ryegrass was exposed to 10 mg/L ILs. This study proved that plant assimilation of ILs depended on their alky chain lengths, which would be useful for understanding the fate of ILs with various structures in phytoremediation for ILs-contaminated water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuzahat Habibul
- Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technology and Application, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yan-Yun Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guo-Ping Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Biczak R, Pawłowska B, Podsiadło C, Śnioszek M, Telesiński A. The reaction of cucumber to the introduction of ionic liquids into the soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:34182-34198. [PMID: 32557039 PMCID: PMC7423810 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09686-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the influence of two bromides, tetrabutylammonium and tetrabutylphosphonium, on the growth and development of cucumber seedlings. The tests were performed at two dates, i.e. 10 and 20 days, after the introduction of increasing amounts of ionic liquids (ILs) into the soil. The applied ILs showed phytotoxicity dependent mainly on the concentration of the substance, which is proved by the inhibition of the length of aboveground parts and their roots and the yield of cucumber fresh mass, from which EC50 values were calculated. The phytotoxicity symptoms were the result of oxidative stress, one of the manifestations of which was a decrease in assimilative pigments, linearly correlated with an increase in bromide concentration in the medium. The stress is also proven by the large increase in hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and free proline in cucumber leaves. The reaction of this plant to oxidative stress was an increase in the activity of antioxidative enzymes such as catalase and peroxidase. As a result of statistical analysis, it was proved that all changes of biomarkers of phytotoxicity of examined ILs and oxidative stress indicators in cucumber seedlings depended more on the applied concentration of these salts than on the date of the study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Biczak
- The Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Długosz University in Czestochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland.
| | - Barbara Pawłowska
- The Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Długosz University in Czestochowa, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Cezary Podsiadło
- The Faculty of Environmental, Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Juliusza Słowackiego St. 17, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Martyna Śnioszek
- The Faculty of Environmental, Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Juliusza Słowackiego St. 17, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- The Faculty of Environmental, Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Juliusza Słowackiego St. 17, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen B, Dong J, Li B, Xue C, Tetteh PA, Li D, Gao K, Deng X. Using a freshwater green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa to evaluate the biotoxicity of ionic liquids with different cations and anions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 198:110604. [PMID: 32339924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
With the extensive use of ionic liquids (ILs) in various industrial fields, their potential toxicity to aquatic ecosystem has attracted considerable attention. In this work, biotoxicity of ILs with different cations and anions was evaluated by using a freshwater green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Results showed that 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4mim]Cl), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C8mim]Cl), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([C8mim]NO3), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C8mim]BF4), and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C12mim]Cl) had a significant inhibition on the algal growth with EC50 values of 23.48, 4.72, 3.80, 4.44, and 0.10 mg L-1 at the 72 h of exposure, respectively. These data suggested that the toxicity of ILs increased with the increase of side alkyl chain length, while anions had little influences on their toxicity to this alga. Moreover, changes in chlorophyll a content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm and ΦPSII) indicated that the five ILs could damage the photosynthetic system of this alga resulting in the decrease of photosynthetic efficiency. The increased soluble protein content and antioxidase activity could be considered as an active response mechanism of this alga against the exposure of ILs. Content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in this alga increased significantly when it was exposed to ILs, suggesting that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were accumulated in the algal cells, which would cause injury of the algal biofilm and chloroplast. Therefore, results obtained in this work would help to explain the possible underlying toxic mechanisms of ILs to C. pyrenoidosa, and provide a significant theoretical support for assessing the toxicity of ILs to aquatic organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwei Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunye Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, People's Republic of China
| | - Pius Abraham Tetteh
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyuan Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jin M, Wang H, Liu H, Xia Y, Ruan S, Huang Y, Qiu J, Du S, Xu L. Oxidative stress response and proteomic analysis reveal the mechanisms of toxicity of imidazolium-based ionic liquids against Arabidopsis thaliana. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:114013. [PMID: 32000025 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are extensively used in various fields, posing a potential threat in the ecosystem because of their high stability, excellent solubility, and biological toxicity. In this study, the toxicity mechanism of three ILs, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C8MIM]Cl), 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C10MIM]Cl), and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C12MIM]Cl) on Arabidopsis thaliana were revealed. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level increased with higher concentration and longer carbon chain length of ILs, which led to the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and antioxidase activity, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and peroxidase (POD) activities. SOD, CAT, and GPX activities decreased in high ILs concentration due to the excessive ROS. Differentially expressed protein was analyzed based on Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathways analysis. 70, 45, 84 up-regulated proteins, and 72, 104, 79 down-regulated proteins were identified in [C8MIM]Cl, [C10MIM]Cl, and [C12MIM]Cl treatment, respectively (fold change ≥ 1.5 with ≥95% confidence). Cellular aldehyde metabolic process, mitochondrial and mitochondrial respiratory chains, glutathione transferase and oxidoreductase activity were enriched as up-regulated proteins as the defense mechanism of A. thaliana to resist external stresses. Chloroplast, photosynthetic membrane and thylakoid, structural constituent of ribosome, and transmembrane transport were enriched as the down-regulated protein. Compared with the control, 8 and 14 KEGG pathways were identified forup-regulated and down-regulated proteins, respectively, in three IL treatments. Metabolic pathways, carbon metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism were significantly down-regulated. The GO terms annotation demonstrated the oxidative stress response and effects on photosynthesis of A. thaliana in ILs treatment from biological process, cellular component, and molecular function categories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingkang Jin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Yilu Xia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Songlin Ruan
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology & Proteomics, Institute of Biotechnology, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Yuqing Huang
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology & Proteomics, Institute of Biotechnology, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Jieren Qiu
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Biology & Proteomics, Institute of Biotechnology, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Shaoting Du
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China; Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Linglin Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen X, Yang H, Gan C, Yuan R, Han Z, Li Y. Transcriptomic analysis of the phytotoxic effects of 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride on the growth and plant hormone metabolic pathways of maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:125013. [PMID: 31604199 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the phytotoxicity of an imidazolium-based ionic liquid, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([Amim]Cl), against maize seedlings. It was found that in response to an increase in [Amim]Cl treatment concentrations, there were significant decreases in growth parameters (fresh weights and lengths) and the photosynthetic pigment contents of maize plants, whereas in contrast, the malondialdehyde content increased. In order to determine the molecular basis of [Amim]Cl-induced plant growth inhibition, an RNA-Seq analysis to examine the gene expression profiles of selected central biological pathways was performed. And a total of 4024 genes that were differentially expressed between control and 400 mg/L [Amim]Cl-treated plants were accordingly identified. Pathway enrichment analysis for the differentially expressed genes revealed that 12 of 15 genes in the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolic pathways were down-regulated in response to [Amim]Cl treatment. Moreover, all six genes encoding key chlorophyll synthetic enzymes were down-regulated by [Amim]Cl. With regards to plant hormone metabolic pathways, the genes encoding key enzymes involved in ethybilene and abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis were up-regulated in response to [Amim]Cl treatment. Genes responsible for gibberellin (GA) inactivation were also stimulated by [Amim]Cl. These observations indicate that [Amim]Cl may promote the biosynthesis of senescence-related hormones (ethylene and ABA) as well as inactivation of growth-promoting hormones (GAs). It might be concluded that the observed [Amim]Cl-induced inhibition of maize seedling growth could be associated with changes in the gene expression profiles of these metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chunming Gan
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ruxia Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhaoxue Han
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yajun Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pawłowska B, Telesiński A, Biczak R. Phytotoxicity of ionic liquids. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124436. [PMID: 31356993 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been one of the most interesting chemical entities over the last two decades and have been investigated by numerous scientists all over the world. However, during IL research, it has been shown that these compounds present toxicity to both terrestrial and aquatic plants, among others. The phytotoxicity of ILs depends on the type of cation, the length of the alkyl chain in the substituent or enantioselectivity, on the concentration used, and, it appears that the type of anion may also have an impact on toxicity. The toxic effects of ILs on plants also depend on the conditions under which such tests are conducted. The results may help facilitate the development of protective environmental measures against IL-induced negative effects, but they may also be used in various landscape-related areas, such as herbology, to design new substances with weed killing properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Pawłowska
- Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, The Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- The Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Juliusza Słowackiego St. 17, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Robert Biczak
- Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, The Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, 13/15 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shao Y, Wang J, Wang J, Du Z, Li B, Zhu L, Juhasz A, Liu X, Xu Y, Li W. Oxidative stress and genotoxic effects in earthworms induced by five imidazolium bromide ionic liquids with different alkyl chains. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:570-579. [PMID: 31004823 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the acute and subchronic toxicity of 1-alkyl-3-methyl imidazole bromide ionic liquids (ILs) [Cnmim]Br (n = 2, 4, 6, 10, 12) was evaluated utilizing earthworms (Eisenia fetida) as a basis for their impact on terrestrial ecosystems. The filter paper tests and artificial soil tests were conducted as acute toxicity tests to investigate the LC50 of ILs, while in subchronic toxicity tests, earthworms were exposed to ILs in artificial soil (5, 10, 20 and 40 mg kg-1) for 28 d. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant enzymes, detoxifying enzymes and oxidative damage were measured to determine subchronic effects of ILs on E. fetida. The results showed that when the earthworms were exposed to these five ILs in acute toxicity experiments, [C2mim]Br had the lowest toxicity, as the alkyl length increased, the toxicity increased up to [C10mim]Br: a "cut-off effect" (decreased toxicity) was observed at [C12mim]Br. The results highlight the varying toxicity of ILs with different alkyl chains to E. fetida and provide valuable data for detailing the impact of ILs on ecological receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Shao
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Zhongkun Du
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Albert Juhasz
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA, 5095, Australia.
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Yaqi Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| | - Wenxiu Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, 61 Daizong Road, Taian, 271018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen B, Xue C, Amoah PK, Li D, Gao K, Deng X. Impacts of four ionic liquids exposure on a marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum at physiological and biochemical levels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 665:492-501. [PMID: 30776620 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing applications in various industrial areas, toxicity of ionic liquids (ILs) has gained much attention in recent years. In this work, 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([C8mim]NO3), 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C8mim]Cl), N-octyl-3-metylpyridinium chloride ([C8mpy]Cl) and N-octyl-3-metylpyridinium bromide ([C8mpy]Br) were used to investigate the impacts of different types of cations and anions on their toxicity to a marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Results showed that the four ILs had poor degradability under the culture conditions used in this study, and significantly inhibited the growth of this diatom with 96-h EC50 values of 24.0, 33.6, 16.1 and 14.4mgL-1 for [C8mim]NO3, [C8mim]Cl, [C8mpy]Cl and [C8mpy]Br, respectively. The data indicated that types of cations and anions would affect the toxicity of ILs to this diatom. Additionally, photosynthesis of this diatom was inhibited because significant decrease of chlorophyll a content and damage of PSII reaction centers were observed when it was exposed to the four ILs. Remarkable physiological and biochemical responses occurred in the cells of this diatom to alleviate the damaging effects of the four ILs. For example, content of soluble protein and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the cells of this diatom increased significantly to form a protective mechanism against the toxicity of ILs, although they decreased in the cultures with high concentrations of ILs (≥20mgL-1). Thus, these results would not only provide strong evidences for evaluating the ecological risks and toxicity of ILs to marine ecosystem, but also help for understanding their toxic mechanisms to marine diatoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunye Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, People's Republic of China
| | - Philip Kwabena Amoah
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyuan Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericulture Biology and Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Liu Q, Tang X, Wang Y, Yang Y, Zhang W, Zhao Y, Zhang X. ROS changes are responsible for tributyl phosphate (TBP)-induced toxicity in the alga Phaeodactylum tricornutum. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 208:168-178. [PMID: 30677712 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As a newly emerging environmental contaminant, tributyl phosphate (TBP) is an additive flame retardant of high production volume that is frequently detected in biota and the environment. Despite evidence that TBP is a potential threat to marine organisms, ecotoxicology data for TBP in marine organisms at low trophic levels are scarce. In this study, the acute toxicological effect of TBP on the marine phytoplankton Phaeodactylum tricornutum was thoroughly investigated, and the possible mechanism was explored. The results showed that TBP at concentrations ≥0.2 mg L-1 significantly inhibited P. tricornutum growth in a clear dose-response manner, with 72-h EC10, EC20, EC50 and EC90 values of 0.067, 0.101, 0.219 and 0.716 mg L-1, respectively. Algal cells treated with TBP exhibited distorted shapes, ruptured cell membranes and damaged organelles, especially mitochondria. Additionally, apoptosis was triggered, followed by a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, indicating that cellular damage occurred during exposure. Although the activities of two antioxidant enzymes, superoxide peroxidase and catalase, were upregulated by TBP at 1.2 mg L-1, excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde still accumulated in algal cells after exposure, suggesting that the cells experienced oxidative stress. Moreover, both growth inhibition and apoptosis were positively correlated with ROS levels and were ameliorated by pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine. Taken together, the results indicate that TBP exposure leads to growth inhibition and cellular damage in P. tricornutum, and a ROS-mediated pathway might contribute to these observed toxicological effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Xuexi Tang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - You Wang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Yingying Yang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Yunchen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Feasibility of Growing Chlorella sorokiniana on Cooking Cocoon Wastewater for Biomass Production and Nutrient Removal. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 188:663-676. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-02942-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
28
|
Egorova KS, Ananikov VP. Fundamental importance of ionic interactions in the liquid phase: A review of recent studies of ionic liquids in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
29
|
Liu D, Liu H, Wang S, Chen J, Xia Y. The toxicity of ionic liquid 1-decylpyridinium bromide to the algae Scenedesmus obliquus: Growth inhibition, phototoxicity, and oxidative stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 622-623:1572-1580. [PMID: 29055581 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Although ionic liquids (ILs) are unlikely to act as air contaminants, their high solubility and slow degradation make them a potential threat to the aquatic environment. The IL 1-decylpyridinium bromide ([DPy]Br) is a common type of pyridine IL, which has varied applications such as in extraction, separation, and catalytic synthesis. Herein, the toxicity of [DPy]Br to S. obliquus is determined. Growth was inhibited by high-concentration [DPy]Br, whereas it had a hormetic effect at low concentrations. The IC50-96h was approximately 0.06mg/L. The cell membrane permeability of S. obliquus increased with [DPy]Br concentration, indicating that [DPy]Br can cause damage to the algae cell structure. Chlorophyll content decreased at high [DPy]Br concentration; chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, such as the maximum effective quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), potential activity of PSII (Fv/F0), yield of the photochemical quantum [Y(II)], and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) were affected, suggesting that [DPy]Br can damage PSII. The ROS fluorescent images revealed that the morphology of cells changed gradually from fusiform to round. High ROS levels were observed with high concentrations of [DPy]Br, indicating that [DPy]Br induced oxidative stress on S. obliquus. The SOD and CAT activities increased when the concentration was lower than IC50, whereas they decreased when the concentration was higher than IC50. The relative ROS content was significantly correlated with growth inhibition rate, cell membrane permeability, chlorophyll content, and SOD and CAT activities. The increase of ROS content in algal cells is an important toxicological mechanism of [DPy]Br to S. obliquus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dingdong Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Shengtao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Jiazheng Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yilu Xia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Environmental Concerns Regarding Ionic Liquids in Biotechnological Applications. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 168:241-328. [DOI: 10.1007/10_2018_79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
31
|
Liu H, Wu J, Zhang X, Xia Y, Li Y, Du S. Enantioselective oxidative stress caused by chiral ionic liquids forms of 1-alkyl-3-methyl imidazolium tartrate on Scenedesmus obliquus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 595:819-827. [PMID: 28411565 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are widely used, but their potential threat to the environment has recently gained more attention. The enantioselective oxidative stress caused by chiral ionic liquids (CILs), such as 1-alkyl-3-methyl imidazolium tartrate (RMIM T), on Scenedesmus obliquus was demonstrated in this study. Stronger green fluorescence was observed in response to l-(+)-RMIM T treatment than to d-(+)-RMIM T treatment, which suggested that more reactive oxygen species (ROS) were stimulated by l-(+)-RMIM T. Significantly higher ROS levels were recorded during the RMIM T treatments than in the control. There were 1.13-, 1.25-, 1.43-, 1.68-, and 1.96-fold increases over levels in the control in the 3, 5, 10, 15, and 25mg/L d-(-)-HMIM T treatments, respectively, and 1.26-, 1.37-, 1.58-, 1.86- and 2.08-fold increases over levels in the control in the 3, 5, 10, 15, and 25mg/L l-(+)-HMIM T treatments, respectively. The total soluble protein content decreased as the RMIM T concentration increased. The SOD and CAT activities were stimulated at lower concentrations, but were inhibited at higher concentrations. Regression analysis implied that ROS is the major factor responsible for the oxidative damage caused by RMIM T. The ultrastructural morphology analysis showed that plasmolysis and damage to the chloroplasts, starch granule decreases, and lipid granule increased, and pyrenoid and nucleoid damage had occurred. These results showed that enantioselective oxidative stress and oxidative damage were caused by d-(+)-RMIM T and l-(+)-RMIM T, and that l-(+)-RMIM T caused more damage than d-(+)-RMIM T.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| | - Jian Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yilu Xia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Shaoting Du
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Deng XY, Chen B, Li D, Hu XL, Cheng J, Gao K, Wang CH. Growth and physiological responses of a marine diatom (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) against two imidazolium-based ionic liquids ([C 4mim]BF 4 and [C 8mim]BF 4). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 189:115-122. [PMID: 28618302 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have been considered as "green" substitutes for traditional organic solvents in many existing biological and chemical areas. However, they have high solubility and poor biodegradability in water, suggesting that they could become persistent chemical pollutants in aquatic environment. The ability of two widely used imidazolium-based ILs to affect the growth and physiological characteristics of a marine diatom (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) was investigated in this study. The diatom was exposed to different concentrations of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4mim]BF4) and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C8mim]BF4) for 96h within a batch-culture system. Results showed that [C4mim]BF4 and [C8mim]BF4 were very stable in seawater during 96h of exposure, and the compounds significantly inhibited the growth of P. tricornutum with 24, 48, 72 and 96h EC50 values of 30.81, 28.53, 39.92, 45.88mgL-1 and 30.17, 23.36, 28.62, 31.37mgL-1, respectively. In addition, the photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll a synthesis of P. tricornutum were inhibited by [C4mim]BF4 and [C8mim]BF4, indicating that the structural integrity of chloroplasts of the diatom may be disrupted or damaged by the two ILs. Compared with that of the controls, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was increased by 0.65, 1.17, 1.85, 3.13, 2.94 times and 0.55, 1.77, 2.42, 3.45, 3.47 times in 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60mgL-1 [C4mim]BF4 and [C8mim]BF4 treatments, respectively. The excessive ROS may cause lipid peroxidation, shortage of metabolic energy and decline of photosynthetic efficiency, which may be the main reason for toxicity of the two ILs to marine diatoms. To withstand the damaging effects of excessive ROS, remarkable physiological and biochemical responses occurred in treatments with the two ILs to protect the cells of P. tricornutum. Parameters such as soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities of the diatom increased significantly with increasing concentrations of the two ILs at 96h of exposure relative to the controls. These findings not only provide strong background for evaluating the ecological risks and toxicity of ILs in marine environment, but also help to unravel the toxic mechanism of the two ILs to marine diatoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yuan Deng
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Biao Chen
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Da Li
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Xiao-Li Hu
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Kun Gao
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Chang-Hai Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|