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Peng T, Tang Y, Cai D, Gu Y, Wei J, Zhang J, Ni J, Liu J, Ren X, Pan J, Long X, Wang H, Yang F. Insights into the interaction mechanisms between Microcystin-degrading bacteria and Microcystis aeruginosa. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 265:122241. [PMID: 39154396 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Interactions between bacteria and cyanobacteria influence the occurrence and development of harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs). Bloom-forming cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin-degrading bacteria are essential in HCBs, nonetheless, their interactions and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To address this gap, a typical microcystin-LR (MC-LR)-degrading bacterium and a toxic Microcystis aeruginosa strain were co-cultivated to investigate their interactions. The cyanobacterial growth was enhanced by 24.8 %-44.3 % in the presence of the bacterium in the first 7 days, and the cyanobacterium enhanced the bacterial growth by 59.2 %-117.5 % throughout the growth phases, suggesting a mutualistic relationship between them. The presence of the bacterium increased cyanobacterial intracellular MC-LR content on days 4, 8, and 10 while reducing the extracellular MC-LR concentration, revealing the dual roles of the bacterium in enhancing cyanotoxin production and degrading cyanotoxins. The bacterium alleviated the oxidative stress, which may be crucial in promoting cyanobacterial growth. Critical functional genes related to cyanobacterial photosynthesis and MC-LR synthesis, and bacterial MC-LR degradation were up-regulated in the presence of the bacterium and cyanobacterium, respectively. Moreover, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were produced at the cell interface, implying EPS play a role in cyanobacterial-bacterial interactions. This study is the first to unveil the interaction mechanisms between cyanotoxin-degrading bacteria and bloom-forming cyanobacteria, shedding light on the dynamics of HCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangjian Peng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Yanqing Tang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Danping Cai
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Yuqing Gu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Jia Wei
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Juan Ni
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, PR China
| | - Xiaoya Ren
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Jiafeng Pan
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Xizi Long
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Hui Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China
| | - Fei Yang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, PR China.
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2
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Wang L, Yi Z, Zhang P, Xiong Z, Zhang G, Zhang W. Comprehensive strategies for microcystin degradation: A review of the physical, chemical, and biological methods and genetic engineering. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 365:121707. [PMID: 38968883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Addressing the threat of harmful cyanobacterial blooms (CyanoHABs) and their associated microcystins (MCs) is crucial for global drinking water safety. In this review, we comprehensively analyze and compares the physical, chemical, and biological methods and genetic engineering for MCs degradation in aquatic environments. Physical methods, such as UV treatments and photocatalytic reactions, have a high efficiency in breaking down MCs, with the potential for further enhancement in performance and reduction of hazardous byproducts. Chemical treatments using chlorine dioxide and potassium permanganate can reduce MC levels but require careful dosage management to avoid toxic by-products and protect aquatic ecosystems. Biological methods, including microbial degradation and phytoremediation techniques, show promise for the biodegradation of MCs, offering reduced environmental impact and increased sustainability. Genetic engineering, such as immobilization of microcystinase A (MlrA) in Escherichia coli and its expression in Synechocystis sp., has proven effective in decomposing MCs such as MC-LR. However, challenges related to specific environmental conditions such as temperature variations, pH levels, presence of other contaminants, nutrient availability, oxygen levels, and light exposure, as well as scalability of biological systems, necessitate further exploration. We provide a comprehensive evaluation of MCs degradation techniques, delving into their practicality, assessing the environmental impacts, and scrutinizing their efficiency to offer crucial insights into the multifaceted nature of these methods in various environmental contexts. The integration of various methodologies to enhance degradation efficiency is vital in the field of water safety, underscoring the need for ongoing innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhuoran Yi
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhu Xiong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Gaosheng Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Z, Li J. Cyanobacterial Bloom Formation by Enhanced Ecological Adaptability and Competitive Advantage of Microcystis-Non-Negligible Role of Quorum Sensing. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1489. [PMID: 39065257 PMCID: PMC11278601 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Microcystis-dominated cyanobacterial blooms (MCBs) frequently occur in freshwaters worldwide due to massive Microcystis colony formation and severely threaten human and ecosystem health. Quorum sensing (QS) is a direct cause of Microcystis colony formation that drives MCBs outbreak by regulating Microcystis population characteristics and behaviors. Many novel findings regarding the fundamental knowledge of the Microcystis QS phenomenon and the signaling molecules have been documented. However, little effort has been devoted to comprehensively summarizing and discussing the research progress and exploration directions of QS signaling molecules-mediated QS system in Microcystis. This review summarizes the action process of N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) as major signaling molecules in Microcystis and discusses the detailed roles of AHL-mediated QS system in cellular morphology, physiological adaptability, and cell aggregation for colony formation to strengthen ecological adaptability and competitive advantage of Microcystis. The research progress on QS mechanisms in Microcystis are also summarized. Compared to other QS systems, the LuxI/LuxR-type QS system is more likely to be found in Microcystis. Also, we introduce quorum quenching (QQ), a QS-blocking process in Microcystis, to emphasize its potential as QS inhibitors in MCBs control. Finally, in response to the research deficiencies and gaps in Microcystis QS, we propose several future research directions in this field. This review deepens the understanding on Microcystis QS knowledge and provide theoretical guidance in developing strategies to monitor, control, and harness MCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jieming Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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4
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Martinez I Quer A, Arias CA, Ellegaard-Jensen L, Johansen A, Paulsen ML, Pastor A, Carvalho PN. Saturated constructed wetlands for the remediation of cylindrospermopsin and microcystin-LR: Plants, microbes, and biodegradation pathways. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174745. [PMID: 39032754 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms will be more intense and frequent in the future, contaminating surface waters with cyanotoxins and posing a threat to communities heavily reliant on surface water usage for crop irrigation. Constructed wetlands (CWs) are proposed to ensure safe crop irrigation, but more research is needed before implementation. The present study operated 28 mesocosms in continuous mode mimicking horizontal sub-surface flow CWs. Mesocosms were fed with synthetic lake water and spiked periodically with two cyanotoxins, microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN), at environmentally relevant cyanotoxins concentrations (10 μg L-1). The influence of various design factors, including plant species, porous media, and seasonality, was explored. The mesocosms achieved maximum MC-LR and CYN mass removal rates of 95 % and 98 %, respectively. CYN removal is reported for the first time in CWs mimicking horizontal sub-surface flow CWs. Planted mesocosms consistently outperformed unplanted mesocosms, with Phragmites australis exhibiting superior cyanotoxin mass removal compared to Juncus effusus. Considering evapotranspiration, J. effusus yielded the least cyanotoxin-concentrated effluent due to the lower water losses in comparison with P. australis. Using the P-kC* model, different scaling-up scenarios for future piloting were calculated and discussed. Additionally, bacterial community structure was analyzed through correlation matrices and differential taxa analyses, offering valuable insights into their removal of cyanotoxins. Nevertheless, attempts to validate microcystin-LR biotransformation via the known mlrA gene degradation pathway were unfruitful, indicating alternative enzymatic degradation pathways occurring in such complex CW systems. Further investigation into the precise molecular mechanisms of removal and the identification of transformation products is needed for the comprehensive understanding of cyanotoxin mitigation in CW. This study points towards the feasibility of horizontal sub-surface flow CWs to be employed to control cyanotoxins in irrigation or recreational waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Martinez I Quer
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Carlos Alberto Arias
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus, C, Denmark; WATEC, Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus, C, Denmark
| | - Lea Ellegaard-Jensen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; WATEC, Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus, C, Denmark
| | - Anders Johansen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; WATEC, Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus, C, Denmark
| | - Maria Lund Paulsen
- Arctic Research Centre, Department of Biology, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000, Aarhus, C, Denmark; Marine Microbiology, Bergen University, Thormøhlens gate, 53, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ada Pastor
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus, C, Denmark; Group of Continental Aquatic Ecology Research (GRECO), Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Pedro N Carvalho
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; WATEC, Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus, C, Denmark.
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5
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Yang J, Zhang Z, Du X, Wang Y, Meng R, Ge K, Wu C, Liang X, Zhang H, Guo H. The effect and mechanism of combined exposure of MC-LR and NaNO 2 on liver lipid metabolism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:119113. [PMID: 38729410 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and sodium nitrite (NaNO2) co-exist in the environment and are hepatotoxic. The liver has the function of lipid metabolism, but the impacts and mechanisms of MC-LR and NaNO2 on liver lipid metabolism are unclear. Therefore, we established a chronic exposure model of Balb/c mice and used LO2 cells for in vitro verification to investigate the effects and mechanisms of liver lipid metabolism caused by MC-LR and NaNO2. The results showed that after 6 months of exposure to MC-LR and NaNO2, the lipid droplets content was increased, and the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were raised in the liver (P < 0.05). Moreover, MC-LR and NaNO2 synergistically induced hepatic oxidative stress by decreasing total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) levels and increasing malondialdehyde (MDA) content levels. In addition, the levels of Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1 and P-AMPK was decreased and Keap1 was increased in the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. The key factors of lipid metabolism, SREBP-1c, FASN and ACC, were up-regulated in the liver. More importantly, there was a combined effect on lipid deposition of MC-LR and NaNO2 co-exposure. In vitro experiments, MC-LR and NaNO2-induced lipid deposition and changes in lipid metabolism-related changes were mitigated after activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway by the Nrf2 activator tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ). Additionally, TBHQ alleviated the rise of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LO2 cells induced by MC-LR and NaNO2. Overall, our findings indicated that MC-LR and NaNO2 can cause abnormal liver lipid metabolism, and the combined effects were observed after MC-LR and NaNO2 co-exposure. The Nrf2/HO-1 signal pathway may be a potential target for prevention and control of liver toxicity caused by MC-LR and NaNO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zongxin Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xingde Du
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yongshui Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ruiyang Meng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Kangfeng Ge
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Chunrui Wu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Hongxiang Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
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6
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Guo Z, Li J, Zhang Z. Meta-analysis for systematic review of global micro/nano-plastics contamination versus various freshwater microalgae: Toxicological effect patterns, taxon-specific response, and potential eco-risks. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121706. [PMID: 38761590 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Micro/nano-plastics (MNPs), as emerging persistent pollutants, are threatening freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Microalgae are important primary producers at the base of trophic level and susceptible to MNPs contamination, possibly resulting in further contamination in higher trophic levels and water quality. This study conducted a systematic review of 1071 observations from 63 publications, utilizing meta-analysis and subgroup analysis to investigate the toxicological effect patterns of MNPs parameters (size, concentration, and type) on microalgae. We also explored the potential eco-risks of certain specific MNPs parameters and subtle variations in the response of various microalgae taxa to MNPs. Results suggested that microplastics significantly inhibited microalgal photosynthesis, while nano-plastics induced more severe cell membrane damage and promoted toxin-release. Within a certain range of concentrations (0∼50 mg/L), rising MNPs concentration progressively inhibited microalgal growth and chlorophyll-a content, and progressively enhanced toxin-release. Among MNPs types, polyamide caused higher growth inhibition and more severe lipid peroxidation, and polystyrene induced more toxin-release, whereas polyethylene terephthalate and polymethyl methacrylate posed minimal effects on microalgae. Moreover, Bacillariophyta growth was inhibited most significantly, while Chlorophyta displayed strong tolerance and Cyanophyta possessed strong adaptive and exceptional resilience. Particularly, Komvophoron, Microcystis, Nostoc, Scenedesmus, and Gomphonema were more tolerant and might dominate freshwater microalgal communities under MNPs contamination. These results are crucial for acquiring the fate of freshwater microalgae under various MNPs contamination, identifying dominant microalgae, and reasonably assessing and managing involved eco-risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghui Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jieming Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Ziqing Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Liu BL, Yu PF, Guo JJ, Xie LS, Liu X, Li YW, Xiang L, Zhao HM, Feng NX, Cai QY, Mo CH, Li QX. Congener-specific fate and impact of microcystins in the soil-earthworm system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134439. [PMID: 38677123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) have a significant influence on aquatic ecosystems, but little is known about their terrestrial fate and impact. Here, we investigated the fate of two MCs (MC-LR and MC-RR) in the soil-earthworm system, with consideration of their congener-specific impact on earthworm health, soil bacteria, and soil metabolome. Although MCs had little acute lethal effect on earthworms, they caused obvious growth inhibition and setae rupture. Relative to MC-RR, MC-LR exhibited higher bioaccumulation and the resulting dermal lesions and deformation of longitudinal muscles. While the incorporation of both MCs into soils stimulated pathogenic bacteria and depressed oxidative stress tolerant bacteria, the response among soil nitrification and glutathione metabolism differed between the two congeners. The dissipation kinetics of MCs obeyed the first-order model. Earthworms stimulated soil N-cycling enzyme activities, increased the abundance of MC-degrading bacteria, and promoted bacterial metabolic functions related to glutathione metabolism, xenobiotics biodegradation, and metabolism of amino acids that comprise MCs, which accelerated the dissipation of MC-LR and MC-RR by 227% and 82%, respectively. These results provide evidence of significant congener differences in the terrestrial fate and impact of MCs, which will enable a better understanding of their role in mediating soil functions and ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Lin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peng-Fei Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jing-Jie Guo
- College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Li-Si Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan-Wen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Lei Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hai-Ming Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Nai-Xian Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Quan-Ying Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ce-Hui Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
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8
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Guo Z, Zhang M, Li J. Modifying luteolin's algicidal effect on Microcystis by virgin and diversely-aged polystyrene microplastics: Unveiling novel mechanisms through microalgal adaptive strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124237. [PMID: 38801882 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Luteolin has shown great potential in inhibiting Microcystis-dominated cyanobacterial blooms. However, widespread microplastics (MPs) in natural aquatic systems often serve as substrates for cyanobacterial growth, which could impact cyanobacterial resistance to external stresses and interfere with luteolin's algicidal effect. This study explored the influence of virgin and diversely-aged polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on inhibitory effect of luteolin on Microcystis growth and its microcystins (MCs) production/release. Moreover, the underlying mechanisms were also revealed by jointly analyzing SEM image, antioxidant response, exopolymeric substances (EPSs) production, and functional gene expression. Results suggested that 0.5, 5, and 50 mg/L virgin and diversely-aged PS-MPs almost weakened growth inhibition and oxidative damage of two doses of luteolin against Microcystisby stimulating its EPSs production and inducing self-aggregation of Microcystis cells and/or hetero-aggregation between Microcystis cells and PS-MPs. Compared to virgin PS-MPs, photo-aged PS-MPs possessed rougher flaky surfaces, and hydrothermal-aged PS-MPs showed internal cracking. These characteristics led to greater stimulation of EPS production and exhibited more significant protective effects on Microcystis. Notably, PS-MPs also decreased MCs content in aqueous phase, likely because they adsorbed some MCs. Such toxigenic hetero-aggregates formed by MCs, MPs, and Microcystis cells would directly poison grazing organisms that consume them and create more pathways for MCs into food web, posing greater eco-risks. This is the first study to clarify the influence and mechanisms of virgin and diversely-aged MPs on allelopathic algicidal effects from the perspective of microalgal inherent adaptive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghui Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingxia Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jieming Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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9
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Wei J, Luo J, Peng T, Zhou P, Zhang J, Yang F. Comparative genomic analysis and functional investigations for MCs catabolism mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics of MCs-degrading bacteria in ecology. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 248:118336. [PMID: 38295970 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) significantly threaten the ecosystem and public health. Biodegradation has emerged as a promising technology for removing MCs. Many MCs-degrading bacteria have been identified, including an indigenous bacterium Sphingopyxis sp. YF1 that could degrade MC-LR and Adda completely. Herein, we gained insight into the MCs biodegradation mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics of MCs-degrading bacteria, and revealed the toxic risks of the MCs degradation products. The biochemical characteristics and genetic repertoires of strain YF1 were explored. A comparative genomic analysis was performed on strain YF1 and six other MCs-degrading bacteria to investigate their functions. The degradation products were investigated, and the toxicity of the intermediates was analyzed through rigorous theoretical calculation. Strain YF1 might be a novel species that exhibited versatile substrate utilization capabilities. Many common genes and metabolic pathways were identified, shedding light on shared functions and catabolism in the MCs-degrading bacteria. The crucial genes involved in MCs catabolism mechanisms, including mlr and paa gene clusters, were identified successfully. These functional genes might experience horizontal gene transfer events, suggesting the evolutionary dynamics of these MCs-degrading bacteria in ecology. Moreover, the degradation products for MCs and Adda were summarized, and we found most of the intermediates exhibited lower toxicity to different organisms than the parent compound. These findings systematically revealed the MCs catabolism mechanisms and evolutionary dynamics of MCs-degrading bacteria. Consequently, this research contributed to the advancement of green biodegradation technology in aquatic ecology, which might protect human health from MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wei
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Jiayou Luo
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
| | - Tangjian Peng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Pengji Zhou
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China; Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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10
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Santos AA, Garrute FV, Magalhães VF, Pacheco ABF. Microcystin removal by microbial communities from a coastal lagoon: Influence of abiotic factors, bacterioplankton composition and estimated functions. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 135:102646. [PMID: 38830712 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Toxic cyanobacterial blooms present a substantial risk to public health due to the production of secondary metabolites, notably microcystins (MCs). Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is the most prevalent and toxic variant in freshwater. MCs resist conventional water treatment methods, persistently impacting water quality. This study focused on an oligohaline shallow lagoon historically affected by MC-producing cyanobacteria, aiming to identify bacteria capable of degrading MC and investigating the influence of environmental factors on this process. While isolated strains did not exhibit MC degradation, microbial assemblages directly sourced from lagoon water removed MC-LR within seven days at 25 ºC and pH 8.0. The associated bacterial community demonstrated an increased abundance of bacterial taxa assigned to Methylophilales, and also Rhodospirillales and Rhodocyclales to a lesser extent. However, elevated atmospheric temperatures (45 ºC) and acidification (pH 5.0 and 3.0) hindered MC-LR removal, indicating that extreme environmental changes could contribute to prolonged MC persistence in the water column. This study highlights the importance of considering environmental conditions in order to develop strategies to mitigate cyanotoxin contamination in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan A Santos
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Cyanobacteria, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Felipe V Garrute
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Cyanobacteria, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Ultrasound Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Program-COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Biological Physics Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valéria F Magalhães
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Cyanobacteria, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz F Pacheco
- Biological Physics Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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11
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Redouane EM, Núñez A, Achouak W, Barakat M, Alex A, Martins JC, Tazart Z, Mugani R, Zerrifi SEA, Haida M, García AM, Campos A, Lahrouni M, Oufdou K, Vasconcelos V, Oudra B. Microcystin influence on soil-plant microbiota: Unraveling microbiota modulations and assembly processes in the rhizosphere of Vicia faba. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 918:170634. [PMID: 38325456 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are frequently detected in cyanobacterial bloom-impacted waterbodies and introduced into agroecosystems via irrigation water. They are widely known as phytotoxic cyanotoxins, which impair the growth and physiological functions of crop plants. However, their impact on the plant-associated microbiota is scarcely tackled and poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of MCs on microbiota-inhabiting bulk soil (BS), root adhering soil (RAS), and root tissue (RT) of Vicia faba when exposed to 100 μg L-1 MCs in a greenhouse pot experiment. Under MC exposure, the structure, co-occurrence network, and assembly processes of the bacterial microbiota were modulated with the greatest impact on RT-inhabiting bacteria, followed by BS and, to a lesser extent, RAS. The analyses revealed a significant decrease in the abundances of several Actinobacteriota-related taxa within the RT microbiota, including the most abundant and known genus of Streptomyces. Furthermore, MCs significantly increased the abundance of methylotrophic bacteria (Methylobacillus, Methylotenera) and other Proteobacteria-affiliated genera (e.g., Paucibacter), which are supposed to degrade MCs. The co-occurrence network of the bacterial community in the presence of MCs was less complex than the control network. In MC-exposed RT, the turnover in community composition was more strongly driven by deterministic processes, as proven by the beta-nearest taxon index. Whereas in MC-treated BS and RAS, both deterministic and stochastic processes can influence community assembly to some extent, with a relative dominance of deterministic processes. Altogether, these results suggest that MCs may reshape the structure of the microbiota in the soil-plant system by reducing bacterial taxa with potential phytobeneficial traits and increasing other taxa with the potential capacity to degrade MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- El Mahdi Redouane
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal
| | - Andrés Núñez
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), Madrid 28006, Spain; Departamento de Genética y Microbiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - Wafa Achouak
- Aix Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, Lab of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere, (LEMiRE), Saint Paul Lez Durance 13115, France.
| | - Mohamed Barakat
- Aix Marseille University, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, Lab of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere, (LEMiRE), Saint Paul Lez Durance 13115, France
| | - Anoop Alex
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - José Carlos Martins
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal
| | - Zakaria Tazart
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; AgroBioSciences, Plant Stress Physiology Laboratory, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Benguerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Richard Mugani
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Soukaina El Amrani Zerrifi
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco; Higher Institute of Nurses Professions and Health Techniques of Guelmim, Guelmim 81000, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Haida
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Ana M García
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (ETSII-UPM), Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Alexandre Campos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal
| | - Majida Lahrouni
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Khalid Oufdou
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnologies, Agrosciences, and Environment (BioMAgE), Labeled Research Unit-CNRST N°4, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto 4169-007, Portugal
| | - Brahim Oudra
- Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, Morocco
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12
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Liu H, Xing H, Xia Z, Wu T, Liu J, Li A, Bi F, Sun Y, Zhang J, He P. Mechanisms of harmful effects of Microcystis aeruginosa on a brackish water organism Moina mongolica based on physiological and transcriptomic responses. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 133:102588. [PMID: 38485443 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the detrimental impacts of cyanobacterial bloom, specifically Microcystis aeruginosa, on brackish water ecosystems, the study used Moina mongolica, a cladoceran species, as the test organism. In a chronic toxicology experiment, the survival and reproductive rates of M. mongolica were assessed under M. aeruginosa stress. It was observed that the survival rate of M. mongolica fed with M. aeruginosa significantly decreased with time and their reproduction rate dropped to zero, while the control group remained maintained stable and normal reproduction. To further explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of the effects of M. aeruginosa on M. mongolica, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis on newly hatched M. mongolica cultured under different food conditions for 24 h. The results revealed significant expression differences in 572 genes, with 233 genes significantly up-regulated and 339 genes significantly down-regulated. Functional analysis of these differentially expressed genes identified six categories of physiological functional changes, including nutrition and metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, neuroimmunology, cuticle and molting, reproduction, and programmed cell death. Based on these findings, we outlined the basic mechanisms of microcystin toxicity. The discovery provides critical insights into the mechanisms of Microcystis toxicity on organisms and explores the response mechanisms of cladocerans under the stress of Microcystis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Liu
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Water Environment and Ecology Engineering Research Center of the Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Hao Xing
- Water Environment and Ecology Engineering Research Center of the Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhangyi Xia
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Water Environment and Ecology Engineering Research Center of the Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Water Environment and Ecology Engineering Research Center of the Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jinlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Aiqin Li
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Water Environment and Ecology Engineering Research Center of the Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Fangling Bi
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Water Environment and Ecology Engineering Research Center of the Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Water Environment and Ecology Engineering Research Center of the Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jianheng Zhang
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Water Environment and Ecology Engineering Research Center of the Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
| | - Peimin He
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Water Environment and Ecology Engineering Research Center of the Shanghai Institution of Higher Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of River and Lake Biochain Construction and Resource Utilization, Shanghai, 201702, China.
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13
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Liao J, Sun B, Wang C, Cao Z, Wu Z, An X, Liang Z, Huang X, Lu Y. Uptake and cellular responses of Microcystis aeruginosa to PFOS in various environmental conditions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:116041. [PMID: 38350213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Although PFOS has been banned as a persistent organic pollutant, it still exists in large quantities within the environment, thus impacting the health of aquatic ecosystems. Previous studies focused solely on high PFOS concentrations, disregarding the connection with environmental factors. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the PFOS effects on aquatic ecosystems amidst changing environmental conditions, this study investigated the cellular responses of Microcystis aeruginosa to varying PFOS concentrations under heatwave and nutrient stress conditions. The results showed that PFOS concentrations exceeding 5.0 µg/L had obvious effects on multiple physiological responses of M. aeruginosa, resulting in the suppression of algal cell growth and the induction of oxidative damage. However, PFOS concentration at levels below 20.0 µg/L has been found to enhance the growth of algal cells and trigger significant oxidative damage under heatwave conditions. Heatwave conditions could enhance the uptake of PFOS in algal cells, potentially leading to heightened algal growth when PFOS concentration was equal to or less than 5.0 µg/L. Conversely, deficiency or limitation of nitrogen and phosphorus significantly decreased algal abundance and chlorophyll content, inducing severe oxidative stress that could be mitigated by exposure to PFOS. This study holds significance in managing the impact of PFOS on algal growth across diverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieming Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Bin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academic of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academic of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhaoyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xupeng An
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zi'an Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yonglong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academic of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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14
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Ly NH, Barceló D, Vasseghian Y, Choo J, Joo SW. Sustainable bioremediation technologies for algal toxins and their ecological significance. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122878. [PMID: 37967713 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of algal toxins in water ecosystems poses a significant ecological and human health concern. These toxins, produced by various algal species, can lead to harmful algal blooms, and have far-reaching consequences on biodiversity, food chains, and water quality. This review explores the types and sources of algal toxins, their ecological impacts, and the associated human health risks. Additionally, the review delves into the potential of bioremediation strategies to mitigate the effects of algal toxins. It discusses the role of microorganisms, enzymes, and algal-bacterial interactions in toxin removal, along with engineering approaches such as advanced oxidation processes and adsorbent utilization. Microbes and enzymes have been studied for their environmentally friendly and biocompatible properties, which make them useful for controlling or removing harmful algae and their toxins. The challenges and limitations of bioremediation are examined, along with case studies highlighting successful toxin control efforts. Finally, the review outlines future prospects, emerging technologies, and the need for continued research to effectively address the complex issue of algal toxins and their ecological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyễn Hoàng Ly
- Department of Chemistry, Gachon University, Seongnam, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Damià Barceló
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 1826, Barcelona, 08034, Spain; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, UPES, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Yasser Vasseghian
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; University Centre for Research & Development, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India; Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India.
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Woo Joo
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Meng X, Ban M, Wu Z, Huang L, Wang Z, Cheng Y. Morchella Effectively Removes Microcystins Produced by Microcystis aeruginosa. Microbes Environ 2024; 39:ME23101. [PMID: 38763742 PMCID: PMC11220450 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me23101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) produced by Microcystis aeruginosa are harmful to animal and human health, and there is currently no effective method for their removal. Therefore, the development of biological approaches that inhibit cyanobacteria and remove MCs is needed. We identified strain MB1, confirmed as Morchella, using morphological and mole-cular evolution methods. To assess the impact of strain MB1 on M. aeruginosa, we conducted an experiment in which we inoculated M. aeruginosa with Morchella strain MB1. After their co-cultivation for 4 d, the inoculation with 0.9696 g MB1 completely inhibited and removed M. aeruginosa while concurrently removing up to 95% of the MC content. Moreover, within 3 d of their co-cultivation, MB1 removed more than 50% of nitrogen and phosphorus from the M. aeruginosa solution. Therefore, the development of effective biological techniques for MC removal is paramount in safeguarding both the environment and human well-being. We herein successfully isolated MB1 from its natural habitat. This strain effectively inhibited and removed M. aeruginosa and also reduced the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the M. aeruginosa solution. Most importantly, it exhibited a robust capability to eliminate MCs. The present results offer a new method and technical reference for mitigating harmful algal blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchao Meng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Meihan Ban
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Zhaoyang Wu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Lilong Huang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
| | - Zicheng Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Yunqing Cheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
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16
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Thyssen LA, Martinez I Quer A, Arias CA, Ellegaard-Jensen L, Carvalho PN, Johansen A. Constructed wetland mesocosms improve the biodegradation of microcystin-LR and cylindrospermopsin by indigenous bacterial consortia. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 131:102549. [PMID: 38212082 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms releasing harmful cyanotoxins, such as microcystin (MC) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN), are prominent threats to human and animal health. Constructed wetlands (CW) may be a nature-based solution for bioremediation of lake surface water containing cyanotoxins, due to its low-cost requirement of infrastructure and environmentally friendly operation. There is recent evidence that microcystin-LR (MC-LR) can efficiently be removed in CW microcosms where CYN degradation in CW is unknown. Likewise, the mechanistic background regarding cyanotoxins transformation in CW is not yet elucidated. In the present study, the objective was to compare MC-LR and CYN degradation efficiencies by two similar microbial communities obtained from CW mesocosms, by two different experiments setup: 1) in vitro batch experiment in serum bottles with an introduced CW community, and 2) degradation in CW mesocosms. In experiment 1) MC-LR and CYN were spiked at 100 µg L-1 and in experiment 2) 200 µg L-1 were spiked. Results showed that MC-LR was degraded to ≤1 µg L-1 within seven days in both experiments. However, with a markedly higher degradation rate constant in the CW mesocosms (0.18 day-1 and 0.75 day-1, respectively). No CYN removal was detected in the in vitro incubations, whereas around 50 % of the spiked CYN was removed in the CW mesocosms. The microbial community responded markedly to the cyanotoxin treatment, with the most prominent increase of bacteria affiliated with Methylophilaceae (order: Methylophilales, phylum: Proteobacteria). The results strongly indicate that CWs can develop an active microbial community capable of efficient removal of MC-LR and CYN. However, the CW operational conditions need to be optimized to achieve a full CYN degradation. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to report the ability of CW mesocosms to degrade CYN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Ahrenkiel Thyssen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Alba Martinez I Quer
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Carlos Alberto Arias
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 1, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; WATEC, Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lea Ellegaard-Jensen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; WATEC, Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Pedro N Carvalho
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; WATEC, Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Anders Johansen
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark; WATEC, Centre for Water Technology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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17
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He Y, Wei Y, Tao J, Bi B. Stationary distribution and probability density function analysis of a stochastic Microcystins degradation model with distributed delay. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2024; 21:602-626. [PMID: 38303436 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2024026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
A stochastic Microcystins degradation model with distributed delay is studied in this paper. We first demonstrate the existence and uniqueness of a global positive solution to the stochastic system. Second, we derive a stochastic critical value $ R_0^s $ related to the basic reproduction number $ R_0 $. By constructing suitable Lyapunov function types, we obtain the existence of an ergodic stationary distribution of the stochastic system if $ R_0^s > 1. $ Next, by means of the method developed to solve the general four-dimensional Fokker-Planck equation, the exact expression of the probability density function of the stochastic model around the quasi-endemic equilibrium is derived, which is the key aim of the present paper. In the analysis of statistical significance, the explicit density function can reflect all dynamical properties of a chemostat model. To validate our theoretical conclusions, we present examples and numerical simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying He
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
| | - Yuting Wei
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Junlong Tao
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Bo Bi
- International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
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18
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Dai Q, Shan J, Deng X, Yang H, Chen C, Zhao Y. The characteristics of H6 against Microcystis aeruginosa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:7702-7711. [PMID: 38170350 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31616-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Algal bloom caused by Microcystis aeruginosa has always been the focus of attention; microbial algal control has the advantages of significant effect, low investment cost, and environmental friendliness; the use of microbial technology to inhibit the bloom has a broad prospect for development. In this study, a strain of Enterobacterium algicidal bacteria screened from a river was used to study the algicidal characteristics against Microcystis aeruginosa using SEM, 3-D EEM and zeta potential. The results showed that the optimal dosage (v/v) of the strain was 5% and the removal rate of algal cells was 70% after 7 days. When the algal density was OD680nm = 0.3, the removal rate of algal cells reached 83% after 7 days. In the pH range of 5 ~ 11, the removal rate of algal cells was 70 ~ 80% after 7 days. Algicidal bacteria H6 is mainly indirect algae lysis and is supplemented by direct algae lysis. Algicidal bacteria H6 removes algicidal substances by secreting high temperature resistant algicidal substances and algicidal products are humic acids. Algicidal bacterium H6 was a strain of Enterobacterium with good algicidal effect in a wide pH range, which enriched the bacterial resources in the control of cyanobacteria bloom in water. The high temperature resistance of the algae-soluble substance secreted by the algae-soluble substance provided convenience for the subsequent preparation and application of bacterial powder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunwei Dai
- School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China.
| | - Jing Shan
- School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Xinshuang Deng
- School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Huixian Yang
- School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Chuntan Chen
- School of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
| | - Yulian Zhao
- College of Life Sciences and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, China
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19
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Salter C, Westrick JA, Chaganti SR, Birbeck JA, Peraino NJ, Weisener CG. Elucidating microbial mechanisms of microcystin-LR degradation in Lake Erie beach sand through metabolomics and metatranscriptomics. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 247:120816. [PMID: 37952399 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
As one of five Laurentian Great Lakes, Lake Erie ranks among the top freshwater drinking sources and ecosystems globally. Historical and current agriculture mismanagement and climate change sustains the environmental landscape for late summer cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms, and consequently, cyanotoxins such as microcystin (MC). Microcystin microbial degradation is a promising mitigation strategy, however the mechanisms controlling the breakdown of MCs in Lake Erie are not well understood. Pelee Island, Ontario, Canada is located in the western basin of Lake Erie and the bacterial community in the sand has demonstrated the capacity of metabolizing the toxin. Through a multi-omic approach, the metabolic, functional and taxonomical signatures of the Pelee Island microbial community during MC-LR degradation was investigated over a 48-hour period to comprehensively study the degradation mechanism. Cleavage of bonds surrounding nitrogen atoms and the upregulation of nitrogen deamination (dadA, alanine dehydrogenase, leucine dehydrogenase) and assimilation genes (glnA, gltB) suggests a targeted isolation of nitrogen by the microbial community for energy production. Methylotrophic pathways RuMP and H4MPT control assimilation and dissimilation of carbon, respectively and differential abundance of Methylophilales indicates an interconnected role through electron exchange of denitrification and methylotrophic pathways. The detected metabolites did not resolve a clear breakdown pathway, but rather the diversity of products in combination with taxonomic and functional results supports that a variety of strategies are applied, such as epoxidation, hydroxylation, and aromatic degradation. Annual repeated exposure to the toxin may have allowed the community to adaptatively establish a novel pathway through functional plasticity and horizontal gene transfer. The culmination of these results reveals the complexity of the Pelee Island sand community and supports a dynamic and cooperative metabolism between microbial species to achieve MC degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Salter
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - Judy A Westrick
- Lumigen Instrument Center, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Subba Rao Chaganti
- Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research, School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, 440 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Johnna A Birbeck
- Lumigen Instrument Center, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Nicholas J Peraino
- Lumigen Instrument Center, Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States
| | - Christopher G Weisener
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
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20
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Moore J, Jayakumar A, Soldatou S, Mašek O, Lawton LA, Edwards C. Nature-Based Solution to Eliminate Cyanotoxins in Water Using Biologically Enhanced Biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:16372-16385. [PMID: 37856890 PMCID: PMC10620996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and high eutrophication levels of freshwater sources are increasing the occurrence and intensity of toxic cyanobacterial blooms in drinking water supplies. Conventional water treatment struggles to eliminate cyanobacteria/cyanotoxins, and expensive tertiary treatments are needed. To address this, we have designed a sustainable, nature-based solution using biochar derived from waste coconut shells. This biochar provides a low-cost porous support for immobilizing microbial communities, forming biologically enhanced biochar (BEB). Highly toxic microcystin-LR (MC-LR) was used to influence microbial colonization of the biochar by the natural lake-water microbiome. Over 11 months, BEBs were exposed to microcystins, cyanobacterial extracts, and live cyanobacterial cells, always resulting in rapid elimination of toxins and even a 1.6-1.9 log reduction in cyanobacterial cell numbers. After 48 h of incubation with our BEBs, the MC-LR concentrations dropped below the detection limit of 0.1 ng/mL. The accelerated degradation of cyanotoxins was attributed to enhanced species diversity and microcystin-degrading microbes colonizing the biochar. To ensure scalability, we evaluated BEBs produced through batch-scale and continuous-scale pyrolysis, while also guaranteeing safety by maintaining toxic impurities in biochar within acceptable limits and monitoring degradation byproducts. This study serves as a proof-of-concept for a sustainable, scalable, and safe nature-based solution for combating toxic algal blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Moore
- CyanoSol,
School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert
Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 7AQ, U.K.
| | - Anjali Jayakumar
- School
of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1
7RU, U.K.
- UK Biochar
Research Centre, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, U.K.
| | - Sylvia Soldatou
- CyanoSol,
School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert
Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 7AQ, U.K.
- Marine
Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 1HG, U.K.
| | - Ondřej Mašek
- UK Biochar
Research Centre, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, U.K.
| | - Linda A Lawton
- CyanoSol,
School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert
Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 7AQ, U.K.
| | - Christine Edwards
- CyanoSol,
School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert
Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 7AQ, U.K.
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21
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Teng J, Song M, Xu Q, Zou Q, Zhang H, Yin C, Liu X, Liu Y, Yan H. Purification and Activity of the Second Recombinant Enzyme for Biodegrading Linearized Microcystins by Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:494. [PMID: 37624251 PMCID: PMC10467064 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15080494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs) are produced and released by the harmful bloom-forming cyanobacteria, which severely threaten drinking water safety and human health due to their high toxicity, widespread distribution, and structural stability. The linearized microcystinase (MlrB) further hydrolyses the poisonous linearized MCs produced by the microcystinase-catalysed MCs to form tetrapeptides. Here, the purification and activity of MlrB were investigated. The results showed that the linearized products generated by 12.5 mg/L MC-LR and MC-RR were removed by purified recombinant MlrB at a protein concentration of 1 mg/L within 30 min. The high catalytic activity of MlrB can be obtained via heterologous expression and affinity purification, which lays the foundation for further studies on the properties and mechanism of MCs biodegradation enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hai Yan
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; (J.T.)
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22
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Ren X, Wang Y, Zhang K, Ding Y, Zhang W, Wu M, Xiao B, Gu P. Transmission of Microcystins in Natural Systems and Resource Processes: A Review of Potential Risks to Humans Health. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:448. [PMID: 37505717 PMCID: PMC10467081 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15070448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid rise of microcystins (MCs) poses a serious threat to global freshwater ecosystems and has become an important issue of global public health. MCs have considerable stability and are the most widely distributed hepatotoxins. It cannot only accumulate in aquatic organisms and transfer to higher nutrients and levels, but also be degraded or transferred during the resource utilization of cyanobacteria. No matter which enrichment method, it will lead to the risk of human exposure. This review summarizes the research status of MCs, and introduces the distribution of MCs in different components of aquatic ecosystems. The distribution of MCs in different aquatic organisms was summarized, and the potential risks of MCs in the environment to human safety were summarized. MCs have polluted all areas of aquatic ecosystems. In order to protect human life from the health threats caused by MCs, this paper also proposes some future research directions to promote MCs control and reduce human exposure to MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peng Gu
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.R.); (Y.W.); (K.Z.); (Y.D.); (W.Z.); (M.W.); (B.X.)
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23
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Li B, Li J, Gao J, Guo Z, Li J. Long-term tracking robust removal of Microcystis-dominated bloom and microcystin-pollution risk by luteolin continuous-release microsphere at different nitrogen levels-Mechanisms from proteomics and gene expression. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139365. [PMID: 37392791 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Luteolin continuous-release microsphere (CRM) has promising algicidal effect against Microcystis, but how nitrogen (N) level impacted CRM effects on Microcystis growth and microcystins (MCs) pollution was never tracked along long term. This study revealed that luteolin CRM exerted long-term and robust inhibitory effects on Microcystis growth and MC-pollution by sharply decreasing extracellular and total MCs content at each N level, with growth inhibition ratio of 88.18-96.03%, 92.91-97.17% and 91.36-95.55% at 0.5, 5 and 50 mg/L N, respectively, during day 8-30. Further analyses revealed that CRM-stress inhibited transferase, GTPase and ATPase activities, ATP binding, metal ion binding, fatty acid biosynthesis, transmembrane transport and disrupted redox homeostasis to pose equally robust algicidal effect at each N level. At lower N level, CRM-stress tended to induce cellular metabolic mode towards stronger energy supply/acquisition but weaker energy production/consumption, while triggered a shift towards stronger energy production/storage but weaker energy acquisition/consumption as N level elevated, thus disturbing metabolic balance and strongly inhibiting Microcystis growth at each N level. Long-term robust algicidal effect of CRM against other common cyanobacteria besides Microcystis was evident in natural water. This study shed novel insights into inhibitory effects and mechanisms of luteolin CRM on Microcystis growth and MC-pollution in different N-level waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biying Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou), China Agricultural University, Jiangsu, 215128, China
| | - Jieming Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jiaqian Gao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou), China Agricultural University, Jiangsu, 215128, China
| | - Zhonghui Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ji Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Organic Recycling Institute (Suzhou), China Agricultural University, Jiangsu, 215128, China
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24
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Karthik Y, Kalyani MI, Krishnappa S, Ramakrishna K, Sayed SM, Aharthy OM, Alhelaify SS, Mushtaq M. Promising bioactive metabolites of mangrove inhabitant Streptomyces tauricus and prostate cancer PC3 cell inhibition by antimicrobial peptides. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1152985. [PMID: 37396348 PMCID: PMC10312093 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1152985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptomyces is a group of microbes known for antibiotic production and has contributed to more than 70% of present commercially available antibiotics. These antibiotics are important in the management, protection, and treatment of chronic illnesses. In the present study, the isolated S. tauricus strain from mangrove soil in Mangalore, India (GenBank accession number: MW785875) was subjected for differential cultural characterization, phenotype involving brown pigmentation, filamentous mycelia, and ash-colored spore production was observed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis revealing filamentous mycelia possessing a straight spore chain. Spores were visualized as elongated, rod-shaped, smooth surfaces with curved edges. After optimized growth conditions for S. tauricus on starch-casein agar medium, the GC/MS analysis of S. tauricus intracellular extract detected bioactive compounds reported for pharmacological applications. Analyzed using the NIST library, most of the bioactive compounds identified in intracellular extract had molecular weights of less than 1 kDa. On the PC3 cell line, the Sephadex G-10 partially purified eluted peak protein fraction demonstrated significant anticancer activity. The LCMS analysis revealed the presence of Tryprostatin B, Fumonisin B1, Microcystin LR, and Surfactin C with molecular weights below 1 kDa. This study found that small molecular weight microbial compounds are more effective in a variety of biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalpi Karthik
- Department of Studies and Research in Microbiology, Mangalore University, Kodagu, Karnataka, India
| | - Manjula Ishwara Kalyani
- Department of Studies and Research in Microbiology, Mangalore University, Kodagu, Karnataka, India
| | - Srinivasa Krishnappa
- Department of Studies and Research in Biochemistry, Mangalore University, Kodagu, Karnataka, India
| | - Krishnaveni Ramakrishna
- Department of Studies and Research in Microbiology, Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ballari, Karnataka, India
| | - Samy M. Sayed
- Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohud Muslat Aharthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seham Sater Alhelaify
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muntazir Mushtaq
- MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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25
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Zhang J, Jie W, Cheng G, Gu Z, Liu X. Transcriptome analysis of response mechanism to Microcystin-LR and microplastics stress in Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023:108875. [PMID: 37285876 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we analyzed the hepatopancreas tissues of Asian Clam (Corbicula fluminea) exposed to three different adverse environmental conditions from the same batch using RNA-seq. The four treatment groups included the Asian Clam group treated with Microcystin-LR (MC), the Microplastics-treated group (MP), the Microcystin-LR and Microplastics-treated group (MP-MC), and the Control group. Our Gene Ontology analysis revealed 19,173 enriched genes, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis identified 345 related pathways. The KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that the MC vs control group and the MP vs control group were significantly enriched in immune and catabolic pathways such as Antigen processing and presentation, Rheumatoid arthritis, Lysosome pathway, Phagosome pathway, and Autophagy pathway. We also evaluated the effects of Microplastics and Microcystin-LR on the activities of eight antioxidant enzymes and immune enzymes in Asian clams. Our study enriched the genetic resources of Asian clams and provided valuable information for understanding the response mechanism of Asian clams to microplastics and microcystin in the environment, through the identification of differentially expressed genes and related pathway analyses from the large number of transcriptome sequences obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Zhang
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Aguaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Jie
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Aguaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofeng Cheng
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Aguaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaojun Gu
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Aguaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingguo Liu
- Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Aguaculture Facilities Engineering, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai, China.
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26
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Wijesooriya MM, Masakorala K, Widana Gamage SMK. A novel cyanolytic bacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens BG-E as a potential biological control agent for freshwater bloom-forming cyanobacteria Pseudanabaena spp. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2023; 59:570-589. [PMID: 36971784 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The majority of bacterial antagonists identified to date are active against Microcystis. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate and characterize novel cyanolytic bacterial strains antagonistic against bloom-forming filamentous cyanobacteria. The bacterial strain BG-E isolated from the Bandagiriya Wewa in Sri Lanka was identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens (MZ007859) based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. BG-E showed 82% and 73% cyanolytic activity (CA) against Pseudanabaena sp. LW2 (MW288948) and Pseudanabaena lonchoides LW1 (MW288940), respectively, after 10 days of inoculation. The light microscopic images affirmed the complete disintegration in the filamentous structures of the tested Pseudanabaena species. The bacterial cell density of 15% v/v showed the CA with 95% and 89% cell lysis, respectively, in P. lonchoides and Pseudanabaena sp. LW2. Moreover, the results showed that >50% CA could be achieved by 0.100 and 1.00 (OD730 ) cell densities for these same species. The highest CA of the cell-free supernatant of BG-E against P. lonchoides and bacterial culture against Pseudanabaena sp. LW2 illustrated the species-specific mode of action of BG-E. Although BG-E efficiently lysed the tested cyanobacterial species, the results of the MC-biodegradation assay confirmed its inability to degrade MC-LR cyanotoxin. Further, the BG-E strain lacks the mlrABCD gene cluster which is known to be responsible for the enzymatic degradation of MCs. The overall findings highlighted the applicability of P. fluorescens BG-E as a biological controlling agent to terminate blooms of freshwater filamentous cyanobacteria genus Pseudanabaena. The incorporation of cyanotoxin-degrading heterotrophic bacteria is recommended as a means of controlling toxic Pseudanabaena blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kanaji Masakorala
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Ruhuna, Matara, 81000, Sri Lanka
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27
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Lukhele T, Msagati TAM. Evaluating the microcystin-LR-degrading potential of bacteria growing in extreme and polluted environments. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:213. [PMID: 37129688 PMCID: PMC10154260 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Inhabitants of extreme and polluted environments are attractive as candidates for environmental bioremediation. Bacteria growing in oil refinery effluents, tannery dumpsite soils, car wash effluents, salt pans and hot springs were screened for microcystin-LR biodegradation potentials. Using a colorimetric BIOLOG MT2 assay; Arthrobacter sp. B105, Arthrobacter junii, Plantibacter sp. PDD-56b-14, Acinetobacter sp. DUT-2, Salinivibrio sp. YH4, Bacillus sp., Bacillus thuringiensis and Lysinibacillus boronitolerans could grow in the presence of microcystin-LR at 1, 10 and 100 µg L-1. Most bacteria grew optimally at 10 µg L-1 microcystin-LR under alkaline pH (8 and 9). The ability of these bacteria to use MC-LR as a growth substrate depicts their ability to metabolize the toxin, which is equivalent to its degradation. Through PCR screening, these bacteria were shown to lack the mlr genes implying possible use of a unique microcystin-LR degradation pathway. The study highlights the wide environmental and taxonomic distribution of microcystin-LR degraders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thabile Lukhele
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Titus Alfred Makudali Msagati
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa
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28
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Li J, Chen Y, Wan Q, Zhang M. Phosphorus level impacts luteolin effect on Microcystis aeruginosa growth and microcystin-pollution risk - Novel perspective from correlation between exopolymers substances fractions and microcystin-production/release. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114794. [PMID: 36948014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Luteolin as a phytogenic algicide can inhibit the growth and microcystins (MCs) release of Microcystis, a dominant genus during cyanobacterial blooms, but how phosphorus (P) level impacts luteolin effect on its growth and MC-pollution risk is unclear. By employing Microcystis aeruginosa as test alga, this study addressed this concern and explored response mechanisms from novel insights of relationship between extracellular polysaccharide (ex-poly) and protein (ex-pro) contents and MC-production/release. At each P level (0.05-5 mg/L), rising luteolin dose more greatly inhibited Microcystis growth and MC-pollution risk, with growth inhibition ratio of around 10%-30%, 20%-50% and 40%-90% for 3, 6 and 12 mg/L luteolin, respectively, but almost increasingly enhanced cellular ability of MC-production/conservation and total and bound ex-poly/ex-pro production. Rising P level promoted Microcystis growth and intracellular/extracellular MCs content (IMC, EMC) in test system at each luteolin dose, thus higher P level weakened algicidal and MC-removal effects of luteolin, indicating that P-decrease was required for stronger application outcome of luteolin. Total and bound ex-poly/ex-pro amount were positively correlated with cellular MC-production/conservation ability, IMC and EMC, which constituted cooperative stress-defense of Microcystis at each P level. Besides, rising luteolin dose posed stronger algicidal effect by inactivating gene expression involving peroxidase synthesis (especially at P-limitation), photosynthesis and P acquisition, while rising P level alleviated algicidal and MC-pollution inhibition effects of luteolin by enhancing gene expression involving N acquisition and peroxidase synthesis. This study shed novel insights for P-dependent effect and mechanisms of luteolin on toxigenic Microcystis growth and MC-pollution control, which guided to mitigating toxigenic Microcystis-dominated cyanobacterial blooms in different P-level water areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieming Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yanran Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qianruo Wan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mingxia Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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29
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Guo X, Jiang Q, Li Z, Cheng C, Feng Y, He Y, Zuo L, Ding W, Zhang D, Feng L. Crystal structural analysis and characterization for MlrC enzyme of Sphingomonas sp. ACM-3962 involved in linearized microcystin degradation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 317:137866. [PMID: 36642149 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microcystinase C (MlrC), one key hydrolase of the microcystinase family, plays an important role in linearized microsystin (L-MC) degradation. However, the three-dimensional structure and structural features of MlrC are still unclear. This study obtained high specific activity and high purity of MlrC by heterologous expression, and revealed that MlrC derived from Sphingomonas sp. ACM-3962 (ACM-MlrC) can degrade linearized products of MC-LR, MC-RR and MC-YR to product 3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldeca-4,6-dienoic acid (Adda), indicating the degradation function and significance in MC-detoxification. More importantly, this study reported the crystal structure of ACM-MlrC at 2.6 Å resolution for the first time, which provides a basis for further understanding the structural characteristics and functions of MlrC. MlrC had a dual-domain feature, namely N and C terminal domain respectively. The N-terminal domain contained a Glutamate-Aspartate-Histidine-Histidine catalytic quadruplex coordinated with zinc ion in each monomer. The importance of zinc ions and their coordinated residues was analyzed by dialysis and site-directed mutagenesis methods. Moreover, the important influence of the N/C-terminal flexible regions of ACM-MlrC was also analyzed by sequence truncation, and then the higher yield and total activity of variants were obtained, which was beneficial to study the better function and application of MlrC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Qinqin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Zengru Li
- The Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O.Box 603, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Cai Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Yanlin He
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Lingzi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Wei Ding
- The Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O.Box 603, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Delin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Lingling Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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Zheng X, Song W, Ding S, Han L, Dong J, Feng Y, Feng Y. Environmental risk of microplastics after field aging: Reduced rice yield without mitigating yield-scale ammonia volatilization from paddy soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 311:119947. [PMID: 36481464 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs, <5 mm) are enriched in paddy ecosystems as emerging environmental pollutants. Biochar (BC) is a controversial recalcitrant carbon product that poses potential environmental risks. The presence of these two exogenous organic substances has been demonstrated to have impacts on soil nitrogen cycling and crop production. However, the after-effects of MPs and BC on soil ammonia (NH3) volatilization and rice yield after field aging remain unexplored. In this study, two common MPs, including polyethylene (PE) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and BC were selected for rice growing season observations to study the impacts on soil NH3 volatilization and rice yield after field aging. The results showed that the reduction of cumulative soil NH3 losses by MPs was around 45% after one-year field aging, which was within the range of 40-57% in the previous rice season. Abatement of NH3 volatilization by MPs mainly occurred in basal fertilization and was related to floodwater pH. Besides, the reduction rate of NH3 volatilization by BC and MPs + BC was enhanced after field aging (63% and 50-57%) compared to that in the previous rice season (5% and 11-19%), with the abatement process occurring in the first supplementary fertilization. There was a significant positive correlation between cumulative NH3 volatilization and soil urease activity. Notably, field aging removed the positive effect of MPs and MPs + BC in reducing yield-scale NH3 losses in the previous rice season (∼62%). Furthermore, despite BC affecting rice yield insignificantly after field aging, the presence of MPs led to a significant 17-19% reduction in rice yield. Our findings reveal that differences in the after-effects of BC and MPs in field aging emerge, where the negative impacts of MPs on soil NH3 abatement and crop yield are progressively becoming apparent and should be taken into serious consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Wenjing Song
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Shudong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Lanfang Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jianxin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Yuanyuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
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31
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Jeon Y, Baranwal P, Li L, Piezer K, Seo Y. Review: Current understanding on biological filtration for the removal of microcystins. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137160. [PMID: 36356807 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) have become a global problem not only in aquatic habitats but also in public health and safety due to the production of cyanotoxins as their secondary metabolites. Among the various identified cyanotoxin groups, microcystins (MCs) are one of the most prevalent cyanotoxin detected during HABs. Different strategies including advanced physical and chemical treatment processes have been developed to mitigate the threat of cyanotoxins in water utilities, but these have revealed certain limitations in terms of high operational costs, low removal efficacy, and harmful by-products formation. Recently, biological filtration systems (BFS) have gained attention for safe drinking water production as they can treat various natural organic matter (NOM) and emerging contaminants through a highly efficient and environmentally sustainable process. However, limited attention has been given to understand the current research progress, research challenges, and knowledge gaps for the successful implementation of BFS for MC removal. Therefore, in this review, currently identified MC biodegradation pathways and MC-degrading microorganisms with their degradation rates are summarized, which may be pivotal for studying bioaugmented BFS to enhance the MC removal during HABs. Moreover, both laboratory and field studies on BFS for MC removal are reviewed, followed by a discussion of current challenges and future research needs for the practical application of BFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youchul Jeon
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Toledo, Mail Stop 307, 3006 Nitschke Hall, Toledo, OH, 43606, United States
| | - Parul Baranwal
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Toledo, Mail Stop 307, 3006 Nitschke Hall, Toledo, OH, 43606, United States
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Toledo, Mail Stop 307, 3006 Nitschke Hall, Toledo, OH, 43606, United States
| | - Kayla Piezer
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Toledo, Mail Stop 307, 3006 Nitschke Hall, Toledo, OH, 43606, United States; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toledo, Mail Stop 307, 3048 Nitschke Hall, Toledo, OH, 43606, United States
| | - Youngwoo Seo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Toledo, Mail Stop 307, 3006 Nitschke Hall, Toledo, OH, 43606, United States; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Toledo, Mail Stop 307, 3048 Nitschke Hall, Toledo, OH, 43606, United States.
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32
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Guo X, Li Z, Jiang Q, Cheng C, Feng Y, He Y, Zuo L, Rao L, Ding W, Feng L. Structural insight into the substrate-binding mode and catalytic mechanism for MlrC enzyme of Sphingomonas sp. ACM-3962 in linearized microcystin biodegradation. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1057264. [PMID: 36876080 PMCID: PMC9982164 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1057264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Removing microcystins (MCs) safely and effectively has become an urgent global problem because of their extremely hazardous to the environment and public health. Microcystinases derived from indigenous microorganisms have received widespread attention due to their specific MC biodegradation function. However, linearized MCs are also very toxic and need to be removed from the water environment. How MlrC binds to linearized MCs and how it catalyzes the degradation process based on the actual three-dimensional structure have not been determined. In this study, the binding mode of MlrC with linearized MCs was explored using a combination of molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis methods. A series of key substrate binding residues, including E70, W59, F67, F96, S392 and so on, were identified. Sodium dodecane sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to analyze samples of these variants. The activity of MlrC variants were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We used fluorescence spectroscopy experiments to research the relationship between MlrC enzyme (E), zinc ion (M), and substrate (S). The results showed that MlrC enzyme, zinc ion and substrate formed E-M-S intermediates during the catalytic process. The substrate-binding cavity was made up of N and C-terminal domains and the substrate-binding site mainly included N41, E70, D341, S392, Q468, S485, R492, W59, F67, and F96. The E70 residue involved in both substrate catalysis and substrate binding. In conclusion, a possible catalytic mechanism of the MlrC enzyme was further proposed based on the experimental results and a literature survey. These findings provided new insights into the molecular mechanisms of the MlrC enzyme to degrade linearized MCs, and laid a theoretical foundation for further biodegradation studies of MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zengru Li
- The Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qinqin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cai Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanlin He
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingzi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Rao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Ding
- The Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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33
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Bio-nanocomposites as food packaging materials; the main production techniques and analytical parameters. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 310:102806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Gong ZL, Deng Y, Jiang ZM, Liu LQ, Yu LY, Su J, Zhang YQ. Shinella lacus sp. nov., a novel microcystin-degrading alphaproteobacterium containing the bla carbapenemase gene. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022; 72. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, microcystin-degrading bacterium, designated as CPCC 100929T, was isolated from a fresh water reservoir in Sichuan Province, PR China. This isolate grew well at 4–37 °C and pH 6.0–8.0, with optimal growth at 28–32 °C and pH 7.0, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids were C18:1 ω7c/C18:1 ω6c, C16:0, C18:1 ω7c 11-methyl and C19:0 cyclo ω8c. The predominant respiratory quinone was Q-10. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine were detected in the polar lipids extraction. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain CPCC 100929T was closely related to those of members of the genus
Shinella
, with the highest similarity of 98.6 % to
Shinella zoogloeoides
DSM 287T and 97.4–98.4 % with other identified
Shinella
members. In the phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and the core-genes analysis, strain CPCC 100929T was included within the clade of the genus
Shinella
. The values of average nucleotide identity (81.4–86.7 %) and digital DNA–DNA hybridization (25.4–44.6 %) between strain CPCC 100929T and other
Shinella
species were all below the thresholds for bacterial species delineation, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain CPCC 100929T was 63.6 %. The genomic sequence analysis indicated that this species contained genes encoding peroxidase, bla carbapenemase and the key enzyme for microcystin bio degradation, as well as rich carbohydrate-active enzyme coding genes, which might endow the micro-organism with properties to adapt to diverse environments. Based on its phenotypic and genetic properties, we propose that strain CPCC 100929T (=T1A350T=KCTC 72957T) is the type strain of a novel species with the name Shinella lacus sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Lian Gong
- Department of Environment Engineering, School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, PR China
| | - Yang Deng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Zhu-Ming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herb, Beijing 100700, PR China
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Lu-Qing Liu
- Department of Environment Engineering, School of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, PR China
| | - Li-Yan Yu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Jing Su
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herb, Beijing 100700, PR China
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Yu-Qin Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herb, Beijing 100700, PR China
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35
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Paulino MG, Rossi PA, Venturini FP, Tavares D, Sakuragui MM, Moraes G, Terezan AP, Fernandes JB, Giani A, Fernandes MN. Liver dysfunction and energy storage mobilization in traíra, Hoplias malabaricus (Teleostei, Erythrinidae) induced by subchronic exposure to toxic cyanobacterial crude extract. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:2683-2691. [PMID: 35920046 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MC) are hepatotoxic for organisms. Liver MC accumulation and structural change are intensely studied, but the functional hepatic enzymes and energy metabolism have received little attention. This study investigated the liver and hepatocyte structures and the activity of key hepatic functional enzymes with emphasis on energetic metabolism changes after subchronic fish exposure to cyanobacterial crude extract (CE) containing MC. The Neotropical erythrinid fish, Hoplias malabaricus, were exposed intraperitoneally to CE containing 100 μg MC-LR eq kg-1 for 30 days and, thereafter, the plasma, liver, and white muscle was sampled for analyses. Liver tissue lost cellular structure organization showing round hepatocytes, hyperemia, and biliary duct obstruction. At the ultrastructural level, the mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum exhibited disorganization. Direct and total bilirubin increased in plasma. In the liver, the activity of acid phosphatase (ACP) increased, and the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) decreased; AST increased in plasma. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were unchanged in the liver, muscle, and plasma. Glycogen stores and the energetic metabolites as glucose, lactate, and pyruvate decrease in the liver; pyruvate decreased in plasma and lactate decreased in muscle. Ammonia levels increased and protein concentration decreased in plasma. CE alters liver morphology by causing hepatocyte intracellular disorder, obstructive cholestasis, and dysfunction in the activity of key liver enzymes. The increasing energy demand implies glucose mobilization and metabolic adjustments maintaining protein preservation and lipid recruitment to supply the needs for detoxification allowing fish survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Gustavo Paulino
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Integrated Sciences Center, Federal University of Tocantins, Araguaína, TO, Brazil
| | - Priscila Adriana Rossi
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Driele Tavares
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Gilberto Moraes
- Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Terezan
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Alessandra Giani
- Department of Botany, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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36
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An G, Li J, Lu H, Guo Z. Nitrogen-dependent luteolin effect on Microcystis growth and microcystin-pollution risk - Novel mechanism insights unveiled by comparative proteomics and gene expression. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 311:119848. [PMID: 35948113 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytogenic allelochemical luteolin has potential to mitigate Microcystis-dominated cyanobacterial blooms (MCBs), but its algicidal effect against toxigenic Microcystis may be impacted by natural factors, especially nitrogen (N) level in waters. This study innovatively explored N-dependent effect of luteolin on Microcystis growth and its microcystins (MCs) production/release, and elucidated underlying mechanisms from proteomics and gene expression views. Generally, at each N level, rising luteolin dose progressively inhibited Microcystis growth by inhibiting proteins syntheses and genes expression involving light-capturing, photosynthetic electron transfer, Calvin cycle and phosphorus (P) acquisition, according to comparative proteomics and gene expression. At higher luteolin dose and lower N level, Microcystis cell tended to increase microcystins (MCs) production and conservation ability, with the highest increase degree observed at 12 mg/L luteolin and 0.5 mg/L N on day 10, reaching 1.96 and 2.68 folds of luteolin-free control, respectively, but decrease MC-release as extracellular MCs content (EMC), with inhibition ratio of 72.86%, 73.57%, 74.45% and 40.58%, 45.28%, 60.00% at rising N level under 12 mg/L luteolin stress on day 10 and 16, respectively. These enabled cellular defensive response of Microcystis to stronger stress and N limitation. Under luteolin stress, higher N level more strongly up-regulated numerous processes (e.g., oxidoreductase activity, ATP binding and transmembrane transport, oxidative phosphorylation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid biosynthesis, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pyruvate, amino acids metabolism, metal ion-binding, P acquisition) as compensative protective responses to progressively down-regulated photosynthetic and ribosomal processes at higher N level, thus causing faster Microcystis growth than lower N level. This study provided novel insights for N-dependent effect and mechanisms of luteolin on MCBs mitigation and MCs risk control, and guided algicidal application of luteolin in different eutrophic-degree waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqi An
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jieming Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Haifeng Lu
- College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhonghui Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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He Q, Wang W, Xu Q, Liu Z, Teng J, Yan H, Liu X. Microcystins in Water: Detection, Microbial Degradation Strategies, and Mechanisms. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192013175. [PMID: 36293755 PMCID: PMC9603262 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins are secondary metabolites produced by some cyanobacteria, a class of cyclic heptapeptide toxins that are stable in the environment. Microcystins can create a variety of adverse health effects in humans, animals, and plants through contaminated water. Effective methods to degrade them are required. Microorganisms are considered to be a promising method to degrade microcystins due to their high efficiency, low cost, and environmental friendliness. This review focuses on perspectives on the frontiers of microcystin biodegradation. It has been reported that bacteria and fungi play an important contribution to degradation. Analysis of the biodegradation mechanism and pathway is an important part of the research. Microcystin biodegradation has been extensively studied in the existing research. This review provides an overview of (1) pollution assessment strategies and hazards of microcystins in water bodies and (2) the important contributions of various bacteria and fungi in the biodegradation of microcystins and their degradation mechanisms, including mlr gene-induced (gene cluster expressing microcystinase) degradation. The application of biodegradable technology still needs development. Further, a robust regulatory oversight is required to monitor and minimize MC contamination. This review aims to provide more references regarding the detection and removal of microcystins in aqueous environments and to promote the application of biodegradation techniques for the purification of microcystin-contaminated water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hai Yan
- Correspondence: (H.Y.); (X.L.)
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38
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Cao Q, You B, Yao L, Liu W, Cheng C, Zhu B, Xie L. Behavior and fate of microcystin-LR in soils amended with biochar and peat. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119913. [PMID: 35961568 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Activities such as irrigation with cyanobacteria-polluted water can lead to microcystins (MCs) migration from soil surface to the deeper layers, which could pose a potential risk to ground drinking water safety. The present study evaluated the sorption, degradation and leaching behavior of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in two different soils amended with biochar and peat. Results showed that both biochar and peat could significantly increase MC-LR sorption in both soils. The Freundlich unit capacity coefficient (Kf) of 2% biochar treatment were 2-3 times higher than those of the control treatment. Amendment of 2% peat greatly boosted the biodegradation of MC-LR, whereas amendment of 2% biochar significantly reduced the biodegradation of MC-LR in both soils. The half-lives of MC-LR were 4.99 d (Control), 5.59 d (2% Biochar) and 3.50 d (2% Peat) in soil A and 6.66 d (Control), 6.93 d (2% Biochar) and 5.13 d (2% Peat) in soil B, respectively. All the amendments, except treatment 1% Peat, could significantly reduce the recovery rates of MC-LR in the leachate of columns with both soils. Amendment of 2% biochar and 2% peat reduced the recovery rates of MC-LR by 15.87% and 8.6% in soil A and 18.4% and 10.3% in soil B, compared with the controls. This work provides a better understanding of the environmental behavior of MC-LR in soils with different amendments, which is also meaningful for groundwater protection in cyanobacterial-polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 176 North Jiangdong Road, Nanjing, 210036, China.
| | - Bensheng You
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 176 North Jiangdong Road, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Lei Yao
- College of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Chuzhou University, 1 West Huifeng Road, Chuzhou, 239000, China
| | - Weijing Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 176 North Jiangdong Road, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Chen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Bingqing Zhu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, 176 North Jiangdong Road, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Liqiang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
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Zou Q, Teng J, Wang K, Huang Y, Hu Q, Chen S, Xu Q, Zhang H, Fang D, Yan H. Purification and Mechanism of Microcystinase MlrC for Catalyzing Linearized Cyanobacterial Hepatotoxins Using Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14090602. [PMID: 36136540 PMCID: PMC9506587 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14090602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacterial hepatotoxins, including microcystins (MCs) and nodularins (NODs), are widely produced, distributed and extremely hazardous to human beings and the environment. However, the catalytic mechanism of microcystinase for biodegrading cyanobacterial hepatotoxins is not completely understood yet. The first microcystinase (MlrA) catalyzes the ring opening of cyclic hepatotoxins, while being further hydrolyzed by the third microcystinase (MlrC). Based on the homology modeling, we postulated that MlrC of Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05 was a Zn2+-dependent metalloprotease including five active sites: Glu56, His150, Asp184, His186 and His208. Here, the active recombinant MlrC and five site-directed mutants were successfully obtained with heterologous expression and then purified for investigating the activity. The results indicated that the purified recombinant MlrC had high activity to catalyze linearized hepatotoxins. Combined with the biodegradation of linearized NOD by MlrC and its mutants, a complete enzymatic mechanism for linearized hepatotoxin biodegradation by MlrC was revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Zou
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junhui Teng
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kunyan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiming Huang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qingbei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Sisi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | | | - Hai Yan
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence:
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40
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Zhang J, Wei J, Massey IY, Peng T, Yang F. Immobilization of Microbes for Biodegradation of Microcystins: A Mini Review. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14080573. [PMID: 36006234 PMCID: PMC9416196 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14080573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs) frequently occur in eutrophic freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Microcystins (MCs) are considered to be the most prominent and toxic metabolites during HCBs. MCs may be harmful to human and animal health through drinking water and recreational water. Biodegradation is eco-friendly, cost-effective and one of the most effective methods to remove MCs. Many novel MC-degrading bacteria and their potential for MCs degradation have been documented. However, it is a challenge to apply the free MC-degrading bacterial cells in natural environments due to the long-term operational instability and difficult recycling. Immobilization is the process of restricting the mobility of bacteria using carriers, which has several advantages as biocatalysts compared to free bacterial cells. Biological water treatment systems with microbial immobilization technology can potentially be utilized to treat MC-polluted wastewater. In this review article, various types of supporting materials and methods for microbial immobilization and the application of bacterial immobilization technology for the treatment of MCs-contaminated water are discussed. This article may further broaden the application of microbial immobilization technology to the bioremediation of MC-polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Isaac Yaw Massey
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Tangjian Peng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Correspondence: (T.P.); (F.Y.); Tel./Fax: +86-731-8480-5460 (F.Y.)
| | - Fei Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province, Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Correspondence: (T.P.); (F.Y.); Tel./Fax: +86-731-8480-5460 (F.Y.)
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Song K, Li Z, Li L, Zhao X, Deng M, Zhou X, Xu Y, Peng L, Li R, Wang Q. Methane production from peroxymonosulfate pretreated algae biomass: Insights into microbial mechanisms, microcystin detoxification and heavy metal partitioning behavior. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155500. [PMID: 35472358 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the methane production potential of algal biomass by anerobic digestion with the addition of peroxymonosulfate (PMS), the removal of microcystin were analyzed and discussed. The microcystin concentration in the collected algal sludge was 1.20 μg/L in the liquid phase and 1393 μg/g in the algal sludge before anaerobic fermentation. The microcystin concentration decreased to 0.20-0.35 μg/L in the liquid phase and 4.16-11.51 μg/g in the sludge phase after 60 days of digestion. The initial PMS dose and residue microcystin concentration could be simulated with a logarithmic decay model (R2 > 0.87). Anaerobic digestion could recover energy from algal source in the form of methane gas, which was not affected in the presence of microcystin, and the microcystin removal rate was >99%. Digestion decreased the total contents of Cd and Zn in the liquid phase and increased the total contents of Cr and Pb in the liquid phase. The microbial community and function prediction results indicated that the PMS0.1 system had the highest methane production, which was attributed to the high abundance of Mechanosaeta (40.52%). This study provides insights into microbial mechanisms, microcystin detoxification and the heavy metal partitioning behavior of the algal biomass during methane production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhouyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Min Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory of Microalgal Bioenergy, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yifeng Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Lai Peng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Renhui Li
- College of life and Environmental Sciences, Wenzhou University, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Qilin Wang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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Zhao Y, Li J. Effect of varying pH and co-existing microcystin-LR on time- and concentration-dependent cadmium sorption by goethite-modified biochar derived from distillers' grains. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 307:119490. [PMID: 35595000 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one dangerous and widespread heavy metal that of great environmental concern. To cost-efficiently adsorb aqueous Cd under influence of various factors, this study succeeded in fabricating goethite-modified biochar (GBC) derived from distillers' grains (DGs) for Cd sorption of different concentrations (10-100 mg L-1) at pH of 3, 6 and 8 with and without microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Sorption kinetics and isotherms data revealed that Cd sorption capacity of GBC and unmodified BC increased as pH elevated from 3 to 6 but stabilized when pH further elevated to 8. Pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models more accurately fitted to sorption data for both BCs, implying monolayer chemisorption of Cd onto BCs. GBC exhibited more robust sorption for each Cd concentration than unmodified BC, with the maximum sorption capacity of around 28 mg g-1 at neutral and weak alkaline pH. Notably, goethite-modification obviously increased bulk polarity, specific surface area, porosity and surface oxygenic group abundance of BC, thus strongly enhancing Cd sorption by creating more sorption sites mainly via pore-filling, electrostatic attraction, and also via complexation and cation exchange. Co-existing MC-LR of 100 μg L-1 did not obviously affect Cd sorption by both BCs for most Cd levels at each pH, mostly because sorption mechanisms diverged between MC-LR and Cd to largely avoid their competition for sorption sties. Thus, goethite could modify DG-BC as promising and cost-efficient sorbent for Cd even with co-existing MC-LR, especially at neutral and weak alkaline pH that common in the nature. This study was greatly implicated in modifying and applying DG-BC for Cd immobilization in MC-LR laden waters with various pH circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jieming Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Li G, Zeng G, Chen Z, Hong J, Ji X, Lan Z, Tan X, Li M, Hu X, Tang C. In Situ Coupling Carbon Defective C 3N 5 Nanosheet with Ag 2CO 3 for Effective Degradation of Methylene Blue and Tetracycline Hydrochloride. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:2701. [PMID: 35957132 PMCID: PMC9370685 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel catalysts for degrading organic contaminants in water is a current hot topic in photocatalysis research for environmental protection. In this study, C3N5 nanosheet/Ag2CO3 nanocomposites (CNAC-X) were used as efficient photocatalysts for the visible-light-driven degradation of methylene blue (MB), and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) was synthesized for the first time using a simple thermal oxidative exfoliation and in situ deposition method. Due to the synergistic effect of nanosheet structures, carbon defects, and Z-scheme heterojunctions, CNAC-10 exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity, with photodegradation efficiencies of 96.5% and 97.6% for MB (60 mg/L) and TC-HCl (50 mg/L) within 90 and 100 min, respectively. The radical trapping experiments showed that ·O2- and h+ played major roles in the photocatalytic effect of the CNAC-10 system. Furthermore, intermediates in the photodegradation of MB and TC-HCl were investigated to determine possible mineralization pathways. The results indicated that C3N5 nanosheet/Ag2CO3 photocatalysts prepared in this work could provide an effective reference for the treatment of organic wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Genying Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Zhangkai Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jiaming Hong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xiaodong Ji
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xiaofei Tan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Meifang Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xinjiang Hu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Chunfang Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
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Gao H, Zhao Z, Zhang L, Ju F. Cyanopeptides restriction and degradation co-mediate microbiota assembly during a freshwater cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom (CyanoHAB). WATER RESEARCH 2022; 220:118674. [PMID: 35661508 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) are globally intensifying and exacerbated by climate change and eutrophication. However, microbiota assembly mechanisms underlying CyanoHABs remain elusive. Especially, cyanopeptides, as a group of bioactive secondary metabolites of cyanobacteria, could affect microbiota assembly and ecosystem function. Here, the trajectory of cyanopeptides was followed and linked to microbiota during Microcystis-dominated CyanoHABs in Lake Taihu, China. The most abundant cyanopeptide classes detected included microginin, spumigin, microcystin, nodularin and cyanopeptolin with total MC-LR-equivalent concentrations between 0.23 and 2051.54 ppb, of which cyanotoxins beyond microcystins (e.g., cyanostatin B and nodularin_R) far exceeded reported organismal IC50 and negatively correlated with microbiota diversity, exerting potential collective eco-toxicities stronger than microcystins alone. The microbial communities were differentiated by size fraction and sampling date throughout CyanoHABs, and surprisingly, their variances were better explained by cyanopeptides (19-38%) than nutrients (0-16%). Cyanopeptides restriction (e.g., inhibition) and degradation were first quantitatively verified as the deterministic drivers governing community assembly, with stochastic processes being associated with the interplay between cyanopeptide dynamics and lake microbiota. This study presents an emerging paradigm in which cyanopeptides restriction and degradation co-mediate lake water microbiota assembly, unveiling new insights into the ecotoxicological significance of CyanoHABs to freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Ze Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Feng Ju
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China; Institute of Advanced Technology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Li J, Cao L, Guo Z. Joint effects and mechanisms of luteolin and kaempferol on toxigenic Microcystis growth-Comprehensive analysis on two isomers interaction in binary mixture. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 312:114904. [PMID: 35344874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Allelochemicals are widely accepted as promising algaecide to mitigate Microcystis-dominated cyanobacterial blooms (MCBs). Allelopathic algicidal effect of single luteolin or kaempferol against Microcystis had been confirmed, but their joint effect against Microcystis was unclear. This study comprehensively explored time-dependent joint effect and mechanisms of luteolin and kaempferol on Microcystis growth during 14 day-test. The 50%-inhibitory threshold of their mixture (IC50 mix) was verified as 4.872 and 5.211 mg/L at equitoxic ratio, and 5.167 and 4.487 mg/L at equivalent ratio, respectively, on day 8 and 14. Using toxicity unit, isobologram and predictive models, results revealed that luteolin and kaempferol at equivalent ratio interacted additively at lower, median and higher dosages, while at equitoxic ratio interacted additively at lower dosage but synergistically at median and higher dosages in Microcystis on day 8 and 14, implying that their equitoxic mixture posed better algicidal effect against Microcystis. Various dosages of equitoxic mixture concurrently decreased aqueous and total microcystins (MCs) contents along test. Thus, luteolin and kaempferol could be jointly applied as high-efficacy and eco-safe algaecide with declined MCs pollution risks. As mixture dosage elevated, more strongly weakened cellular MCs retention and inhibited cellular photosynthetic pigments content during late stage, as well as decreased aqueous MCs content long test, jointly explained increasing growth inhibition ratio with rising mixture dosage. Yet, cell damage was gradually repaired due to early stimulated antioxidant defense at each mixture dosage, thus cell damage might not be a major reason for inhibited growth under mixture stress. This study provided novel insights and guidance to coupled application of luteolin and kamepferol for mitigating MCBs and decreasing MCs pollution risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieming Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Linrong Cao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhonghui Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Cai S, Shu Y, Tian C, Wang C, Fang T, Xiao B, Wu X. Effects of chronic exposure to microcystin-LR on life-history traits, intestinal microbiota and transcriptomic responses in Chironomus pallidivittatus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153624. [PMID: 35124034 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are the most widely distributed cyanobacterial toxins that can exert adverse effects on aquatic organisms, but aside from the study of the harmful effect of cyanobacterial blooms, little is known about the effect of released MCs on the growth and development of chironomid larvae. To assess the harmful effect and the toxic mechanism of MCs on midges, the life-history traits, intestinal microbiota, and transcriptome of Chironomus pallidivittatus were analyzed after chronic exposure to 30 μg/L of MC-LR. Exposure inhibited larvae body length by 35.61% and wet weight by 21.92%, increased emergence time of midges, damaged mitochondria in the intestine, promoted oxidative stress, dysregulated lipid metabolism of chironomid larvae, and increased detoxification enzymes glutathione S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 32.44% and 17.41%, respectively. Exposure also altered the diversity and abundance of the intestinal microbiota, favoring pathogenic and MC degradation bacteria. RNA sequencing identified 261 differentially expressed genes under MC-LR stress, suggesting that impairment of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway upregulated fatty acid biosynthesis and elongation to promote lipid accumulation. In addition, exposure-induced detoxification and antioxidant responses, indicating that the chironomid larvae had the potential ability to resist MC-LR. To our knowledge, this is the first time that lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and detoxification have been studied in this organism at the environmentally relevant concentration of MC-LR; the information may assist in ecological risk assessment of cyanobacterial toxins and their effects on benthic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghe Cai
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yilin Shu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, Anhui Province, China
| | - Cuicui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chunbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Tao Fang
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bangding Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xingqiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Degradation of Three Microcystin Variants in the Presence of the Macrophyte Spirodela polyrhiza and the Associated Microbial Communities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106086. [PMID: 35627623 PMCID: PMC9142107 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria, which form water blooms all over the world, can produce a wide range of cyanotoxins such as hepatotoxic microcystins (MCs) and other biologically active metabolites harmful to living organisms, including humans. Microcystin biodegradation, particularly caused by bacteria, has been broadly documented; however, studies in this field focus mainly on strains isolated from natural aquatic environments. In this paper, the biodegradation of microcystin-RR (MC-RR), microcystin-LR (MC-LR), and microcystin-LF (MC-LF) after incubation with Spirodela polyrhiza and the associated microorganisms (which were cultured under laboratory conditions) is shown. The strongest MC biodegradation rate after nine days of incubation was observed for MC-RR, followed by MC-LR. No statistically significant decrease in the concentration of MC-LF was noted. Products of MC decomposition were detected via the HPLC method, and their highest number was found for MC-RR (six products with the retention time between 5.6 and 16.2 min), followed by MC-LR (two products with the retention time between 19.3 and 20.2 min). Although the decrease in MC-LF concentration was not significant, four MC-LF degradation products were detected with the retention time between 28.9 and 33.0 min. The results showed that MC-LF was the most stable and resistant MC variant under experimental conditions. No accumulation of MCs or their biodegradation products in S. polyrhiza was found. The findings suggest that the microorganisms (bacteria and algae) associated with S. polyrhiza could be responsible for the MC biodegradation observed. Therefore, there is a need to broaden the research on the biodegradation products detected and potential MC-degraders associated with plants.
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Genomic Analysis of Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05 for Biodegrading Cyanobacterial Hepatotoxins. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14050333. [PMID: 35622580 PMCID: PMC9144602 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14050333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05, which we previously identified and examined, is a well-known bacterial strain for biodegrading cyanobacterial hepatotoxins of both nodularins (NODs) and microcystins (MCs). Although the pathways for biodegrading the different types of [D-Asp1] NOD, MC-YR, MC-LR and MC-RR by Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05 were suggested, and several biodegradation genes were successfully cloned and expressed, the comprehensive genomic analysis of Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05 was not reported. Here, based on second and third generation sequencing technology, we analyzed the whole genome of Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05, which is 4,679,489 bp and contains 4,312 protein coding genes. There are 88 protein-coding genes related to the NODs and MCs biodegradation, of which 16 genes (bioA, hmgL, hypdh, speE, nspC, phy, spuC, murD, glsA, ansA, ocd, crnA, ald, gdhA, murC and murI) are unique. These genes for the transformation of phenylacetic acid CoA (PA-CoA) to CO2 were also found in Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05. This study expands the understanding of the pathway for complete biodegradation of cyanobacterial hepatotoxins by Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05.
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Santos AA, Keim CN, Magalhães VF, Pacheco ABF. Microcystin drives the composition of small-sized bacterioplankton communities from a coastal lagoon. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:33411-33426. [PMID: 35029819 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18613-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms affect biotic interactions in aquatic ecosystems, including those involving heterotrophic bacteria. Ultra-small microbial communities are found in both surface water and groundwater and include diverse heterotrophic bacteria. Although the taxonomic composition of these communities has been described in some environments, the involvement of these small cells in the fate of environmentally relevant molecules has not been investigated. Here, we aimed to test if small-sized microbial fractions from a polluted urban lagoon were able to degrade the cyanotoxin microcystin (MC). We obtained cells after filtration through 0.45 as well as 0.22 μm membranes and characterized the morphology and taxonomic composition of bacteria before and after incubation with and without microcystin-LR (MC-LR). Communities from different size fractions (< 0.22 and < 0.45 μm) were able to remove the dissolved MC-LR. The originally small-sized cells grew during incubation, as shown by transmission electron microscopy, and changed in both cell size and morphology. The analysis of 16S rDNA sequences revealed that communities originated from < 0.22 and < 0.45 μm fractions diverged in taxonomic composition although they shared certain bacterial taxa. The presence of MC-LR shifted the structure of < 0.45 μm communities in comparison to those maintained without toxin. Actinobacteria was initially dominant and after incubation with MC-LR Proteobacteria predominated. There was a clear enhancement of taxa already known to degrade MC-LR such as Methylophilaceae. Small-sized bacteria constitute a diverse and underestimated fraction of microbial communities, which participate in the dynamics of MC-LR in natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan A Santos
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Cyanobacteria, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Carolina N Keim
- Laboratory of Geomicrobiology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goés, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Valéria F Magalhães
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Toxicology of Cyanobacteria, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz F Pacheco
- Laboratory of Biological Physics, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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50
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Cai D, Wei J, Huang F, Feng H, Peng T, Luo J, Yang F. The detoxification activities and mechanisms of microcystinase towards MC-LR. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 236:113436. [PMID: 35367885 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are the most common and toxic cyanotoxins that are hazardous to human health and ecosystems. Microcystinase is the enzyme in charge of the initial step in the biodegradation of MCs. The characterization, application conditions, and detoxification mechanisms of microcystinase from an indigenous bacterium Sphingopyxis sp. YF1 towards MC-LR were investigated in the current study. The microcystinase gene of strain YF1 was most similar to Sphingomonas sp. USTB-05 and contained a CAAX-family conversed abortive Infection (ABI) domain. The microcystinase was successful obtained and purified by overexpression in Escherichia coli. The highest degradation rate of MC-LR was 1.0 μg/mL/min under the optimal condition of 30 ℃, pH 7, 20 μg/mL MC-LR, and 400 μg/mL microcystinase. The MC-degrading product was identified as linearized MC-LR, which possessed a much lower inhibitory activity against protein phosphatase 2A than MC-LR. Microcystinase interacted with MC-LR via amino acid residues involved in through the formation of conventional Hydrogen Bond, Pi-Pi T-shapes, Van der Waals force, and so on. The optimal MC-degrading condition of pure microcystinase and its detoxification mechanisms against MC-LR were revealed. The toxicity of purified linearized MC-LR was explored for the first time. These findings suggest that pure microcystinase may efficiently detoxify MCs and it is promising in the bioremediation of MC-polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Cai
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
| | - Jia Wei
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Feiyu Huang
- The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, Jingzhou, China.
| | - Hai Feng
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Tangjian Peng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
| | - Jiayou Luo
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Fei Yang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China; Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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