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Zhou J, Zhang S, Lv J, Tang C, Zhang H, Fang Y, Tavakkoli E, Ge T, Luo Y, Cai Y, Yu B, White JC, Li Y. Maize straw increases while its biochar decreases native organic carbon mineralization in a subtropical forest soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 939:173606. [PMID: 38823704 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Organic soil amendments have been widely adopted to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in agroforestry ecosystems. However, the contrasting impacts of pyrogenic and fresh organic matter on native SOC mineralization and the underlying mechanisms mediating those processes remain poorly understood. Here, an 80-day experiment was conducted to compare the effects of maize straw and its derived biochar on native SOC mineralization within a Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forest soil. The quantity and quality of SOC, the expression of microbial functional genes concerning soil C cycling, and the activity of associated enzymes were determined. Maize straw enhanced while its biochar decreased the emissions of native SOC-derived CO2. The addition of maize straw (cf. control) enhanced the O-alkyl C proportion, activities of β-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH) and dehydrogenase (DH), and abundances of GH48 and cbhI genes, while lowered aromatic C proportion, RubisCO enzyme activity, and cbbL abundance; the application of biochar induced the opposite effects. In all treatments, the cumulative native SOC-derived CO2 efflux increased with enhanced O-alkyl C proportion, activities of BG, CBH, and DH, and abundances of GH48 and cbhI genes, and with decreases in aromatic C, RubisCO enzyme activity and cbbL gene abundance. The enhanced emissions of native SOC-derived CO2 by the maize straw were associated with a higher O-alkyl C proportion, activities of BG and CBH, and abundance of GH48 and cbhI genes, as well as a lower aromatic C proportion and cbbL gene abundance, while biochar induced the opposite effects. We concluded that maize straw induced positive priming, while its biochar induced negative priming within a subtropical forest soil, due to the contrasting microbial responses resulted from changes in SOC speciation and compositions. Our findings highlight that biochar application is an effective approach for enhancing soil C stocks in subtropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Shaobo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Junyan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Caixian Tang
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Haibo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yunying Fang
- Australian Rivers Institute and School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Ehsan Tavakkoli
- School of Agriculture, Food & Wine, The University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Tida Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yu Luo
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanjiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Bing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, 123 Huntington Street, New Haven, CT 06511, United States
| | - Yongfu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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Su Z, Liu X, Wang Z, Wang J. Biochar effects on salt-affected soil properties and plant productivity: A global meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121653. [PMID: 38971065 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Biochar has been recognized as a promising practice for ameliorating degraded soils, yet the consensus on its effects remains largely unknown due to the variability among biochar, soil and plant. This study therefore presents a meta-analysis synthesizing 92 publications containing 987 paired data to scrutinize biochar effects on salt-affected soil properties and plant productivity. Additionally, a random meta-forest approach was employed to identify the key factors of biochar on salt-affected soil and plant productivity. Results showed that biochar led to significant reductions in electrical conductivity (EC), bulk density (BD) and pH by 7.4%, 4.7% and 1.2% compared to the unamended soil, respectively. Soil organic carbon (by 55.1%) and total nitrogen (by 31.3%) increased significantly with biochar addition. Moreover, biochar overall enhanced plant productivity by 31.5%, and more pronounced increases in forage/medicinal with higher salt tolerance than others. The results also identified that the soil salinity and biochar application rate were the most important co-regulators for EC and PP changes. The structural equation model further showed that soil salinity (P < 0.001), biochar pH (P < 0.001) and biochar specific surface area (P < 0.01) had a significant negative effect on soil EC, but it was positively impacted by biochar pyrolysis temperature (P < 0.05). Furthermore, plant productivity was positively affected by biochar pH (P < 0.001) and biochar feedstock (P < 0.01), while negatively influenced by biochar pyrolysis temperature (P < 0.01). This study highlights that woody biochar with 7.6 < pH < 9.0 and pyrolyzed at 400-600 °C under 30-70 t ha-1 application rate in moderately saline coarse soils is a recommendable pattern to enhance forage/medicinal productivity while reducing soil salinity. In conclusion, biochar offers promising avenues for ameliorating degradable soils, but it is imperative to explore largescale applications and field performance across different biochar, soil, and plant types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjuan Su
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Xuezhi Liu
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Water-Saving and Water Resource Regulation in Ningxia, Yinchuan, 750021, China
| | - Zhongjing Wang
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China; School of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, 750021, China
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Chowdhury S, Akpinar D, Nakhli SAA, Bowser M, Imhoff E, Yi SC, Imhoff PT. Improving stormwater infiltration and retention in compacted urban soils at impervious/pervious surface disconnections with biochar. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 360:121032. [PMID: 38749138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Urban development often results in compacted soils, impairing soil structure and reducing the infiltration and retention of stormwater runoff from impervious features. Biochar is a promising organic soil amendment to improve infiltration and retention of stormwater runoff. Soil at the disconnection between impervious and pervious surfaces represents a critical biochar application point for stormwater management from urban impervious features. This study tested the hypothesis that biochar would significantly improve water retention and transmission at four sites, where varying percentages (0%, 2%, and 4% w/w) of biochar were amended to soils between impervious pavement, and pervious grassed slopes. Field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) and easily drainable water storage capacity were monitored at these sites for five months (two sites) and 15 months (two sites). At the end of the monitoring periods, the physical, chemical, and biological properties of each site's soil were assessed to understand the impact of biochar on soil aggregation, which is critical for improved soil structure and water infiltration. Results indicated that the field Ksat, drainable water storage capacity, and plant available water content (AWC) were 7.1 ± 3.6 SE, 2.0 ± 0.3 SE, and 2.1 ± 0.3 SE times higher in soils amended with 4% biochar, respectively, compared to the undisturbed soil. Factor analysis elucidated that biochar amendment increased the organic matter content, aggregate mean weight diameter, organo-mineral content, and fungal hyphal length while decreasing the bulk density. Across the 12 biochar/soil combinations, the multiple linear regression models derived from factor analysis described the changes in Ksat and AWC reasonably well with R2 values of 0.51 and 0.71, respectively. Using soil and biochar properties measured before biochar addition, two recent models, developed from laboratory investigations, were found helpful as screening tools to predict biochar's effect on Ksat and AWC at the four field sites. Overall, the findings illustrate that biochar amendment to compacted urban soils can significantly improve soil structure and hydraulic function at impervious/pervious surface disconnections, and screening models help to predict biochar's effectiveness in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sraboni Chowdhury
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; IIHR - Hydroscience and Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Derya Akpinar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Seyyed Ali Akbar Nakhli
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Marcus Bowser
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Elizabeth Imhoff
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Susan C Yi
- Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Geosciences Engineering, Stevinweg 1, 2628 CN Delft, Netherlands
| | - Paul T Imhoff
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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Zhang H, Ma T, Wang L, Yu X, Zhao X, Gao W, Van Zwieten L, Singh BP, Li G, Lin Q, Chadwick DR, Lu S, Xu J, Luo Y, Jones DL, Jeewani PH. Distinct biophysical and chemical mechanisms governing sucrose mineralization and soil organic carbon priming in biochar amended soils: evidence from 10 years of field studies. BIOCHAR 2024; 6:52. [PMID: 38799721 PMCID: PMC11111575 DOI: 10.1007/s42773-024-00327-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
While many studies have examined the role of biochar in carbon (C) accrual in short-term scale, few have explored the decadal scale influences of biochar on non-biochar C, e.g., native soil organic C (SOC) and added substrate. To address this knowledge gap, soils were collected from decade-old biochar field trials located in the United Kingdom (Cambisol) and China (Fluvisol), with each site having had three application rates (25-30, 50-60 and 75-100 Mg ha-1) of biochar plus an unamended Control, applied once in 2009. We assessed physicochemical and microbial properties associated with sucrose (representing the rhizodeposits) mineralization and the priming effect (PE) on native SOC. Here, we showed both soils amended with biochar at the middle application rate (50 Mg ha-1 biochar in Cambisol and 60 Mg ha-1 biochar in Fluvisol) resulted in greater substrate mineralization. The enhanced accessibility and availability of sucrose to microorganisms, particularly fast-growing bacterial genera like Arenimonas, Spingomonas, and Paenibacillus (r-strategists belonging to the Proteobacteria and Firmicutes phyla, respectively), can be attributed to the improved physicochemical properties of the soil, including pH, porosity, and pore connectivity, as revealed by synchrotron-based micro-CT. Random forest analysis also confirmed the contribution of the microbial diversity and physical properties such as porosity on sucrose mineralization. Biochar at the middle application rate, however, resulted in the lowest PE (0.3 and 0.4 mg of CO2-C g soil-1 in Cambisol and Fluvisol, respectively) after 53 days of incubation. This result might be associated with the fact that the biochar promoted large aggregates formation, which enclosed native SOC in soil macro-aggregates (2-0.25 mm). Our study revealed a diverging pattern between substrate mineralization and SOC priming linked to the biochar application rate. This suggests distinct mechanisms, biophysical and physicochemical, driving the mineralization of non-biochar carbon in a field where biochar was applied a decade before. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42773-024-00327-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoli Zhang
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agriculture University, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Tao Ma
- Crop Research Institute, Guangxi Agricultural Vocational University, Guangxi, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191 China
| | - Xiuling Yu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Xiaorong Zhao
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agriculture University, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Weida Gao
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agriculture University, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Lukas Van Zwieten
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Wollongbar Primary Industries Institute, Wollongbar, NSW 2477 Australia
| | - Bhupinder Pal Singh
- Soils West, Centre for Sustainable Farming Systems, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
| | - Guitong Li
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agriculture University, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Qimei Lin
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agriculture University, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - David R. Chadwick
- School of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Environment Centre Wales, Bangor University, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW UK
| | - Shenggao Lu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - Yu Luo
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
| | - David L. Jones
- School of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Environment Centre Wales, Bangor University, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW UK
- Soils West, Centre for Sustainable Farming Systems, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
| | - Peduruhewa H. Jeewani
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058 China
- School of Environmental and Natural Sciences, Environment Centre Wales, Bangor University, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW UK
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5
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Ma Y, Xie W, Yao R, Feng Y, Wang X, Xie H, Feng Y, Yang J. Biochar and hydrochar application influence soil ammonia volatilization and the dissolved organic matter in salt-affected soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171845. [PMID: 38521269 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Biochar, which including pyrochar (PBC) and hydrochar (HBC), has been tested as a soil enhancer to improve saline soils. However, the effects of PBC and HBC application on ammonia (NH3) volatilization and dissolved organic matter (DOM) in saline paddy soils are poorly understood. In this research, marsh moss-derived PBC and HBC biochar types were applied to paddy saline soils at 0.5 % (w/w) and 1.5 % (w/w) rates to assess their impact on soil NH3 volatilization and DOM using a soil column experiment. The results revealed that soil NH3 volatilization significantly increased by 56.1 % in the treatment with 1.5 % (w/w) HBC compared to the control without PBC or HBC. Conversely, PBC and the lower application rate of HBC led to decrease in NH3 volatilization ranging from 2.4 % to 12.1 %. Floodwater EC is a dominant factor in NH3 emission. Furthermore, the fluorescence intensities of the four fractions (all humic substances) were found to be significantly higher in the 1.5 % (w/w) HBC treatment applied compared to the other treatments, as indicated by parallel factor analysis modeling. This study highlights the potential for soil NH3 losses and DOM leaching in saline paddy soils due to the high application rate of HBC. These findings offer valuable insights into the effects of PBC and HBC on rice paddy saline soil ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Wenping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Rongjiang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiangping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Huifang Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yuanyuan Feng
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Jingsong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, CAS, Nanjing 210008, China
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Li J, Xie N, Feng C, Wang C, Huang R, Tao Q, Tang X, Wu Y, Luo Y, Li Q, Li B. Pore size and organic carbon of biochar limit the carbon sequestration potential of Bacillus cereus SR. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 274:116229. [PMID: 38508101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Carbon-fixing functional strain-loaded biochar may have significant potential in carbon sequestration given the global warming situation. The carbon-fixing functional strain Bacillus cereus SR was loaded onto rice straw biochar pyrolyzed at different temperatures with the anticipation of clarifying the carbon sequestration performance of this strain on biochar and the interaction effects with biochar. During the culture period, the content of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), easily oxidizable organic carbon, and microbial biomass carbon in biochar changed. This finding indicated that B. cereus SR utilized organic carbon for survival and enhanced carbon sequestration on biochar to increase organic carbon, manifested by changes in CO2 emissions and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) enzyme activity. Linear regression analysis showed that the strain was likely to consume DOC on 300 °C biochar, although the Rubisco enzyme activity was higher. In contrast, the strain had a higher carbon sequestration potential on 500 °C biochar. Correlation analysis showed that Rubisco enzyme activity was controlled by the physical structure of the biochar. Our results highlight the differences in the survival mode and carbon sequestration potential of B. cereus SR on biochar pyrolyzed at different temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ningyi Xie
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Changchun Feng
- China National Tobacco Corporation Sichuan, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Changquan Wang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Rong Huang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qi Tao
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yingjie Wu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Youlin Luo
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiquan Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Li X, Li R, Zhan M, Hou Q, Zhang H, Wu G, Ding L, Lv X, Xu Y. Combined magnetic biochar and ryegrass enhanced the remediation effect of soils contaminated with multiple heavy metals. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108498. [PMID: 38402711 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Biochar is a very promising material for soil remediation. However, most studies mainly focus on the adsorption ability of biochar on one heavy metal, which is difficult to evaluate the actual remediation effect since soils were contaminated with multiple heavy metals. In order to improve the soil remediation efficiency, we used the joint remediation method of magnetically modified biochar and ryegrass to remediate the soil polluted by compound heavy metals (chromium, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic and cadmium), and evaluate the effect on the process of organic carbon mineralization in polluted soils. It was found that magnetic biochar and ryegrass together decreased the concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Cd in soils by 24.12 %, 23.30 %, 22.01 %, 9.98 %, 14.83 %, and 15.08 %, respectively, and reduced the available fractions. Ryegrass roots were the main accumulation part of heavy metals, and the order of enrichment effect was ranked as Zn > As > Cr > Cu > Ni > Cd. In addition, magnetic biochar can maintained the stability of the organic carbon pool, and inhibited the emission of volatile organic compounds from ryegrass. Overall, this study indicates that magnetic biochar spheres combined with ryegrass is an effective method for heavy metals co-contaminated soils, and has the excellent remediation ability for actual co-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuening Li
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ruipu Li
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mengqi Zhan
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qian Hou
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Haoyu Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Guangqi Wu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Liqun Ding
- Marine Chemical Research Institute Co., LTD, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiaofei Lv
- Department of Environmental Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Peng XX, Gai S, Liu Z, Cheng K, Yang F. Effects of Fe 3+ on Hydrothermal Humification of Agricultural Biomass. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301227. [PMID: 37833827 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal humification technology for the preparation of artificial humic matters provides a new strategy, greatly promoting the natural maturation process. Iron, as a common metal, is widely used in the conversion of waste biomass; however, the influence of Fe3+ on hydrothermal humification remains unknown. In this study, FeCl3 is used to catalyze the hydrothermal humification of corn straw, and the influence of Fe3+ on the hydrothermal humification is explored by a series of characterization techniques. Results show that Fe3+ as the catalyst can promote the decomposition of corn straw, shorten the reaction time from 24 h to 6 h, and increase the yield from 6.77 % to 14.08 %. However, artificial humic acid (A-HA) obtained from Fe3+ -catalysis hydrothermal humification contains more unstable carbon and low amount of aromatics, resulting in a significantly decreased stability of the artificial humic acid. These results provide theoretical guidance for regulating the structure and properties of artificial humic acid to meet various maintenance needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong-Xin Peng
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Department, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial International Joint Laboratory of Smart Soil, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Shuang Gai
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Department, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial International Joint Laboratory of Smart Soil, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhuqing Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Department, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial International Joint Laboratory of Smart Soil, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Kui Cheng
- Heilongjiang Provincial International Joint Laboratory of Smart Soil, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering Department, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial International Joint Laboratory of Smart Soil, Harbin, 150030, China
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Xiao Y, Zhou G, Qiu X, Liu F, Chen L, Zhang J. Biodiversity of network modules drives ecosystem functioning in biochar-amended paddy soil. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1341251. [PMID: 38328424 PMCID: PMC10847562 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1341251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Soil microbes are central in governing soil multifunctionality and driving ecological processes. Despite biochar application has been reported to enhance soil biodiversity, its impacts on soil multifunctionality and the relationships between soil taxonomic biodiversity and ecosystem functioning remain controversial in paddy soil. Methods Herein, we characterized the biodiversity information on soil communities, including bacteria, fungi, protists, and nematodes, and tested their effects on twelve ecosystem metrics (including functions related to enzyme activities, nutrient provisioning, and element cycling) in biochar-amended paddy soil. Results The biochar amendment augmented soil multifunctionality by 20.1 and 35.7% in the early stage, while the effects were diminished in the late stage. Moreover, the soil microbial diversity and core modules were significantly correlated with soil multifunctionality. Discussion Our analysis revealed that not just soil microbial diversity, but specifically the biodiversity within the identified microbial modules, had a more pronounced impact on ecosystem functions. These modules, comprising diverse microbial taxa, especially protists, played key roles in driving ecosystem functioning in biochar-amended paddy soils. This highlights the importance of understanding the structure and interactions within microbial communities to fully comprehend the impact of biochar on soil ecosystem functioning in the agricultural ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guixiang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuwen Qiu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong, China
| | - Fangming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiabao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Luo X, Chen W, Liu Q, Wang X, Miao J, Liu L, Zheng H, Liu R, Li F. Corn straw biochar addition elevated phosphorus availability in a coastal salt-affected soil under the conditions of different halophyte litter input and moisture contents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168355. [PMID: 37952652 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Improving salt-affected soil health using different strategies is of great significance for Sustainable Development Goals. The effects of biochar as a sustainable carbon negative soil amendment on phosphorous (P) pools in the degraded salt-affected soils of the of coastal wetlands (as one of the primary blue carbon ecosystems) with halophyte litter input under different water conditions (the two intrinsic characteristics of coastal wetlands) are poorly understood. Thus, a corn straw derived biochar (CBC) was added into a coastal salt-affected soil collected from the Yellow River Delta to investigate its effect on P fractions and availability under the input of three different local halophyte litters (i.e., Suaeda salsa, Imperata cylindrica and Phragmites australis) and under the unflooded and flooded water conditions. The results showed that the individual input of Suaeda salsa increased soil P availability by 28.2-40.9 %, but Imperata cylindrica and Phragmites australis had little effect on P availability. CBC individual amendment more efficiently enhanced P availability in the unflooded soil than the flooded soil. However, the co-amendment of CBC with litters showed little synergistic effect on P availability. CBC sharply increased the proportion of Ca-bound labile P fraction, but moderately lifted the proportion of Al/Fe-bound mediumly labile P fraction. CBC-enhanced P availability and altered inorganic P fractions were mainly resulted from the provision of labile inherent P by biochar, improved soil properties (i.e., increased CEC), and altered bacterial community composition (i.e., elevated abundance of P-solubilizing and phosphate-accumulating bacteria). These findings give new insights into understanding P biogeochemical cycling in the coastal salt-affected soils amended with biochars, and will be helpful to develop biochar-based technologies for enhancing P pools and improving soil health of the blue carbon ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxiang Luo
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; National Center of Technological Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying 257300, China.
| | - Jing Miao
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liuingqing Liu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Hao Zheng
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ruhai Liu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fengmin Li
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
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11
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Guo F, Wang C, Wang S, Zhao X, Li G, Sun Z. The native SOC increase in woodland and lawn soil amended with biochar surpassed greenhouse - A seven-year field trial. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167924. [PMID: 37875195 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The effects of applying biochar with the same characteristics and at the same dose on the storage, composition, and underlying mechanisms of native organic carbon (n-SOC) dynamics in different ecosystems are still unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of biochar amendment (7 years) on carbon sequestration and the n-SOC pools of woodland, lawn, and greenhouse soils. The 'water floating method' and improved 'combustion loss method' were used in this study to quantify residual biochar in soil. The results showed that after 7 years, the amount of biochar left in woodland, lawn, and greenhouse soils was 67.12 %, 87.50 %, and 88.13 % of the initial applied amount, respectively. And the n-SOC content increased approximately 2.07, 3.07, and 0.22 times, respectively, mainly due to increases in the native soil humin (n-HM) content of the soil. Biochar also increased the proportion of large aggregates in woodland and lawn soil and increased the t-SOC content of aggregates in each particle size fraction. Additionally, biochar increased the t-SOC of greenhouse soil aggregates but had no significant effect on the distribution of aggregates. The presence of biochar increased native soil easily oxidizable carbon (n-EOC) and microbial biomass carbon (n-MBC) in all three ecosystems. And increases in n-MBC in woodland and lawn soils occurred, which promoted the depletion of native soil hot water dissolvable organic carbon (n-HWOC) and increased CO2 emissions. Furthermore, the microbial respiration quotient (qCO2) of woodland and greenhouse soils was reduced by biochar, and that of lawn soil was unchanged. The carbon use efficiency (CUE) of lawn soils were reduced, possibly because biochar reduced the abundance of soil fungi/bacteria (F/B). In summary, the 7-year application of biochar significantly enhanced the n-SOC content in woodland and lawn soils, mainly due to an increase in humin, while a weaker enhancement was observed in greenhouse soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglei Guo
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhao
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guitong Li
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhencai Sun
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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12
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Wu L, Wang J, Xu H, Xu X, Gao H, Xu M, Zhang W. Soil organic carbon priming co-regulated by labile carbon input level and long-term fertilization history. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:166175. [PMID: 37562612 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Labile carbon (C) input and fertilization have important consequences for soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition via the priming effect (PE), thereby impacting soil fertility and C sequestration. However, it remains largely uncertain on how the labile C input levels interact with long-term fertilization history to control PE intensity. To clarify this question, soil samples were collected from a 38-year fertilization field experiment (including five treatments: chemical nitrogen fertilizer, N; chemical fertilizer, NPK; manure, M1; 200 % manure, M2; NPK plus M2, NPKM2), with strongly altered soil physiochemical properties (i.e., soil aggregation, organic C and nutrient availability). These soil samples were incubated with three input levels of 13C-glucose (without glucose, control; low, 0.4 % SOC; high, 2.0 % SOC) to clarify the underlying mechanisms of PE. Results showed that the PE significantly increased with glucose input levels, with values increasing from negative or weak (-2.21 to 3.55 mg C g-1 SOC) at low input level to strongly positive (5.62 to 8.57 mg C g-1 SOC) at high input level across fertilization treatments. The increased PE intensity occurred along with decreased dissolved total nitrogen (DTN) contents and increased ratios of dissolved organic C to DTN, implying that the decline in N availability largely increased PE via enhanced microbial N mining from SOM. Compared to N and NPK treatments, the PE was significantly lower in the manure-amendment treatments, especially for low input level, due to more stable SOM by aggregate protection and higher N and phosphorus availability. These results suggested that manure application could alleviate SOM priming via increased soil C stability and nutrient availability. Collectively, our findings emphasize the importance of long-term fertilization-driven changes in labile C inputs, SOM stability, and nutrient availability in regulating PE and soil C dynamics. This knowledge advances our understanding of the long-term fertilization management for soil C sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, 11A Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Hongjun Gao
- Institute of Soil and Fertilizer, Jilin Agricultural Academy of Sciences, Gongzhuling 136100, China
| | - Minggang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenju Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Key Laboratory of Cultivated Land Quality Monitoring and Evaluation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100081, China.
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13
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Wang X, Li Z, Cheng Y, Yao H, Li H, You X, Zhang C, Li Y. Wheat straw hydrochar induced negative priming effect on carbon decomposition in a coastal soil. IMETA 2023; 2:e134. [PMID: 38868226 PMCID: PMC10989761 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying hydrochar-regulated soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition in the coastal salt-affected soils were first investigated. Straw-derived hydrochar (SHC)-induced C-transformation bacterial modulation and soil aggregation enhancement primarily accounted for negative priming effects. Modification of soil properties (e.g., decreased pH and increased C/N ratios) by straw-derived pyrochar (SPC) was responsible for decreased SOC decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdaoChina
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline‐Alkali LandDongyingChina
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline‐alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological BreedingTobacco Research InstituteQingdaoChina
| | - Zhen Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdaoChina
| | - Yadong Cheng
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdaoChina
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline‐Alkali LandDongyingChina
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline‐alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological BreedingTobacco Research InstituteQingdaoChina
| | - Hui Yao
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdaoChina
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline‐Alkali LandDongyingChina
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline‐alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological BreedingTobacco Research InstituteQingdaoChina
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Crop and Soil SciencesNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
| | - Xiangwei You
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdaoChina
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline‐Alkali LandDongyingChina
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline‐alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological BreedingTobacco Research InstituteQingdaoChina
| | - Chengsheng Zhang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdaoChina
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline‐Alkali LandDongyingChina
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline‐alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological BreedingTobacco Research InstituteQingdaoChina
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdaoChina
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline‐Alkali LandDongyingChina
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Saline‐alkali Land Resources Mining and Biological BreedingTobacco Research InstituteQingdaoChina
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14
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Guo Z, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Li W. The soft rock can promote the improvement of aeolian sandy soil in Mu Us Sandy Land, China. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11813. [PMID: 37479719 PMCID: PMC10362038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38928-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focuses on the significance of improving the land degradation of Mu Us Sandy Land to increase cultivated land area and promote ecological green development. The research objects were four kinds of mixed soils, and rhizosphere soils were collected during the crop harvesting period. The volume ratio of soft rock to sand was 0:1 (control check, CK), 1:5 (composite soil one, PS1), 1:2 (composite soil two, PS2), and 1:1 (composite soil three, PS3). The results showed that the large aggregates were primarily mechanically stable aggregates, while the small aggregates were mainly water-stable aggregates. The soft rock promoted the increase of clay and silt content in sandy soil, and the soil texture changed from sand to loam. The contents of organic matter, available phosphorus, and available potassium increased significantly under PS2 and PS3 treatments, but there was no significant difference between them. Total nitrogen had no significant difference among treatments. Actinobaciota, Proteobateria, and Chloroflexi were the dominant bacteria in rhizosphere soil, accounting for about 75% of all microorganisms. At the Genus level, the soft rock contributes to richer species composition. The diversity index, evenness index, and richness index was higher in PS1, and the available phosphorus and available potassium content promoted the increase of diversity. Therefore, when the proportion of soft rock and sand compound soil is between 1: 5 and 1: 2, it can be used as an important basis and technical parameter for Mu Us Sandy Land improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Guo
- Technology Innovation Center for Land Engineering and Human Settlements, Shaanxi Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd. and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710075, China.
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China.
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710021, China.
| | - Juan Li
- Technology Innovation Center for Land Engineering and Human Settlements, Shaanxi Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd. and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710075, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Technology Innovation Center for Land Engineering and Human Settlements, Shaanxi Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd. and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710075, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Huanyuan Wang
- Technology Innovation Center for Land Engineering and Human Settlements, Shaanxi Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd. and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710075, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Wanying Li
- Technology Innovation Center for Land Engineering and Human Settlements, Shaanxi Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd. and Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710075, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710075, China
- Institute of Land Engineering and Technology, Shaanxi Provincial Land Engineering Construction Group Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710021, China
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15
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Zhang C, Zhao X, Liang A, Li Y, Song Q, Li X, Li D, Hou N. Insight into the soil aggregate-mediated restoration mechanism of degraded black soil via biochar addition: Emphasizing the driving role of core microbial communities and nutrient cycling. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 228:115895. [PMID: 37054835 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil microbial communities are responsive to biochar application. However, few studies have investigated the synergistic effects of biochar application in the restoration of degraded black soil, especially soil aggregate-mediated microbial community changes that improve soil quality. From the perspective of soil aggregates, this study explored the potential microbial driving mechanism of biochar (derived from soybean straw) addition in black soil restoration in Northeast China. The results showed that biochar significantly improved the soil organic carbon, cation exchange capacity and water content, which play crucial roles in aggregate stability. The addition of biochar also significantly increased the concentration of the bacterial community in mega-aggregates (ME; 0.25-2 mm) compared with micro-aggregates (MI; <0.25 mm). Microbial co-occurrence networks analysis showed that biochar enhanced microbial interactions in terms of the number of links and modularity, particularly in ME. 16 S rRNA sequencing predicted that the expression of genes related to carbon (rbcL, acsA, gltS, aclB, and mcrA) and nitrogen (nifH and amoA) transformation increased after the addition of biochar. Furthermore, the functional microbes involved in carbon fixation (Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes) and nitrification (Proteobacteria) were significantly enriched and are the key regulators of carbon and nitrogen kinetics. Structural equation model (SEM) analysis further showed that the application of biochar promoted soil aggregates to positively regulate the abundance of soil nutrient conversion-related microorganisms, thereby increasing soil nutrient content and enzyme activities. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms of soil restoration through biochar addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Aijie Liang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yunying Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Qiuying Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xianyue Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
| | - Ning Hou
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
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16
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Hussain A, Jamil MA, Abid K, Chen L, Khan K, Duan W, Alam T, Riaz U. Variations in soil phosphorus fractionations in different water-stable aggregates under litter and inorganic fertilizer treatment in Korean pine plantation and its natural forest. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17261. [PMID: 37389077 PMCID: PMC10300375 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil aggregation in forest ecosystem is considered as a significant physical process mainly influenced by manure, fertilizers or combination. This aggregation may directly alter the soil nutrient and their fractions in soil. So, soil samples were collected from two types of forests i.e. Natural Korean pine forests (NKPF) and Korean pine plantation (KPP) in order to know the quantities of organic and inorganic Phosphorus (P) amounts in different aggregate sizes viz. >5 mm, 2-5 mm, 0.25-2 mm, <0.25 mm under forest litter and synthetic fertilizer application below the treatments as undisturbed soil (CK), removed litter (RL), altered litter (AL) while the fertilizer treatments were as control; C: (No added N and P,), L: low (5 g N m-2 a-1 + 5 g P m-2 a-1), M: medium (15 g N m-2 a-1 + 10 g P m-2 a-1) and H: high concentration (30 g N m-2 a-1 + 20 g P m-2 a-1), respectively. The results showed that H2O-Pi, NaHCO3-Pi, Residual Pi, SOC were highest retained in larger soil aggregates (>5 mm) and decreased with the decreasing aggregate size, while other variables, i.e., NaOH-Pi, NaHCO3-Po, pH and T-N were not affected in aggregate size. H2O-Pi (48 ppm), NaHCO3-Pi (68 ppm), NaHCO3-Po (80 ppm), NaOH-Po (623 ppm), HCL-Po (67 ppm), SOC (20.36 ± 1.6) was estimated in medium fertilizer treatment. PCA analysis showed that spread/variance of data points on F1 (62.90%) is more than spread/variance of data points on F2 (57.74%) in NKPF and KPP, respectively, while correlation matrix showed high correlation between H2O-Pi and NaOH-Pi (0.63) and H2O-Pi and NaHCO3-Pi (0.63) while a strong negative correlation was present between Res-Pi and Po (-0.61). Moreover, litter inputs increased the organic-P fractions in soil particularly at medium treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwaar Hussain
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Muhammad Atif Jamil
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Kulsoom Abid
- Department of Natural Resource Management (NRM), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Lixin Chen
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Kashif Khan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wenbiao Duan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Tajwar Alam
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Umair Riaz
- Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, MNS University of Agriculture, Multan-60000, Pakistan
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Wu Y, Wang X, Zhang L, Zheng Y, Liu X, Zhang Y. The critical role of biochar to mitigate the adverse impacts of drought and salinity stress in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1163451. [PMID: 37223815 PMCID: PMC10200947 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1163451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress (DS) is a potential abiotic stress that is substantially reducing crop productivity across the globe. Likewise, salinity stress (SS) is another serious abiotic stress that is also a major threat to global crop productivity. The rapid climate change increased the intensity of both stresses which pose a serious threat to global food security; therefore, it is urgently needed to tackle both stresses to ensure better crop production. Globally, different measures are being used to improve crop productivity under stress conditions. Among these measures, biochar (BC) has been widely used to improve soil health and promote crop yield under stress conditions. The application of BC improves soil organic matter, soil structure, soil aggregate stability, water and nutrient holding capacity, and the activity of both beneficial microbes and fungi, which leads to an appreciable increase in tolerance to both damaging and abiotic stresses. BC biochar protects membrane stability, improves water uptake, maintains nutrient homeostasis, and reduces reactive oxygen species production (ROS) through enhanced antioxidant activities, thereby substantially improving tolerance to both stresses. Moreover, BC-mediated improvements in soil properties also substantially improve photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll synthesis, gene expression, the activity of stress-responsive proteins, and maintain the osmolytes and hormonal balance, which in turn improve tolerance against osmotic and ionic stresses. In conclusion, BC could be a promising amendment to bring tolerance against both drought and salinity stresses. Therefore, in the present review, we have discussed various mechanisms through which BC improves drought and salt tolerance. This review will help readers to learn more about the role of biochar in causing drought and salinity stress in plants, and it will also provide new suggestions on how this current knowledge about biochar can be used to develop drought and salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Wu
- Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center for National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center for National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
| | - Long Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongjie Zheng
- Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center for National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
| | - Xinliang Liu
- Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center for National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
| | - Yueting Zhang
- Camphor Engineering Technology Research Center for National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, China
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Duan M, Yan R, Wang Q, Zhou B, Zhu H, Liu G, Guo X, Zhang Z. Integrated microbiological and metabolomics analyses to understand the mechanism that allows modified biochar to affect the alkalinity of saline soil and winter wheat growth. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 866:161330. [PMID: 36603639 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the mechanism that allows modified biochar (BC) to enhance the salt tolerance and growth of crops in saline-alkali soil, we tested the effects of ordinary BC, nanoparticle-size BC, acidified BC (HBC), and acidified nanoparticle-size BC on winter wheat growth and the soil properties by combining microbiological and metabolomics analyses. The results showed that compared with the control with no BC, the plant height increased by 17.33 % under HBC and the proportion of large soil aggregates increased by 1.25-2.83 times. HBC increased the relative abundances of some dominant genera of bacteria (e.g., Streptococcus) and fungi (e.g., Mycothermus), as well as functions such as bacterial metabolic genetic information processing and cellular processes, and reduced the abundance of pathotrophic fungi. Metabolomics analysis showed that HBC upregulated various metabolites (including amino acids and their derivatives, lipids, flavonoids, and organic acids) and five main metabolic pathways. Among the KEGG pathways, the pyrimidine metabolism pathway was significantly upregulated, as well as crop leaf metabolism, β-alanine metabolism, and valine, leucine, and isoleucine metabolism, and the antioxidant levels and resistance to salt-alkali stress were enhanced in winter wheat leaves. Partial least squares-path modeling suggested that HBC affected the growth of winter wheat by significantly changing the soil physicochemical properties and microbial structure (path coefficients of 0.566 and 0.512, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Rupan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Quanjiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Beibei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China.
| | - Hongyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China.
| | - Guohuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Xu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Zhenshi Zhang
- Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited Power China, Xi'an 710065, China
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Dan Y, Wang X, Ji M, Sang W, Shen Z, Zhang Y. Influence of temperature change on the immobilization of soil Pb and Zn by hydrochar: Roles of soil microbial modulation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121109. [PMID: 36669718 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Considering the potential effect of the ambient temperature on soil microorganisms during heavy metal immobilization by hydrochar, 60 days of soil incubation was conducted to explore the impact of ambient temperature (5, 25, and 35 °C) on the immobilization of Pb and Zn by chitosan-magnetic sawdust hydrochar (CMSH) and magnetic chitosan hydrochar (MCH). The results showed that soil pH was relatively high and total organic carbon (TOC) was slightly lower in the 35 °C treatment. The diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) available state content decreased significantly with the temperature increasing. Meanwhile, the ratios of stable Pb and Zn in the sequential extraction method proposed by the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) gradually increased with increasing temperature. The heatmap based on microbial community showed that elevated temperature not only favored the enrichment of metal-stable phyla, such as Chloroflexi, but was also involved in inhibiting the growth of Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, and Proteobacteria. Meanwhile, different genera (Fonticella and Bacillus) in the Firmicutes phylum had distinct responses to temperature as well as to heavy metal immobilization effects. Subsequently, redundancy analysis confirmed that Chloroflexi and Fonticella were positively correlated with temperature and stable state metal content, while Actinobacteriota and Bacillus were negatively correlated with temperature and were positively correlated with DTPA available metal content. Moreover, Pb and Zn indicators displayed significant correlations for the dominant genera (R2 > 0.8, p < 0.02).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Dan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Mengyuan Ji
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Wenjing Sang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Zheng Shen
- Institute of New Rural Development, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
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20
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You X, Wang X, Sun R, Liu Q, Fang S, Kong Q, Zhang X, Xie C, Zheng H, Li H, Li Y. Hydrochar more effectively mitigated nitrous oxide emissions than pyrochar from a coastal soil of the Yellow River Delta, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159628. [PMID: 36283526 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Application of char amendments (e.g., pyrochar or biochar, hydrochar) in degraded soils is proposed as a promising solution for mitigating climate change via carbon sequestration and greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission reduction. However, the hydrochar-mediated microbial modulation mechanisms underlying N2O emissions from coastal salt-affected soils, one of essential blue C ecosystems, were poorly understood. Therefore, a wheat straw derived hydrochar (SHC) produced at 220 °C was prepared to investigate its effects on N2O emissions from a coastal salt-affected soil in the Yellow River Delta and to distinguish the microbial regulation mechanisms in comparison with corresponding pyrochar pyrolyzed at 500 °C (SPC) using a 28-day soil microcosm experiment. Compared with SPC, the acidic SHC (pH 4.15) enriched in oxygenated functional groups, labile C and N constituents. SHC application more efficiently depressed cumulative soil N2O emissions (48.4-61.1 % vs 5.57-45.2 %) than those of SPC. SHC-induced inhibition of ammonia-oxidizing gene (amoA)-mediated nitrification and promotion of full reduction of N2O to N2 by nitrous oxide reductase gene (nosZ) were the underlying microbial mechanisms. Structural equation models further revealed that SHC-modulated bacterial N-transformation responses, i.e., inhibited nitrification and promoted heterotrophic denitrification, mainly contributed to reduced N2O emissions, whereas modification of soil properties (e.g., decreased pH, increased total C content) by SPC dominantly accounted for decreased N2O emissions. These results address new insights into microbial regulation of N2O emission reduction from the coastal salt-affected soils amended with hydrochar, and provide the promising strategies to enhance C sequestration and mitigate GHG emissions in the blue C ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwei You
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Ruixue Sun
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Song Fang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Qingxian Kong
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Chenghao Xie
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Marine Ecology and Environmental Science Laboratory, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572000, China.
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
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Tian L, Chang Z, Ren Z, Chen Q, Wu M, Pan B, Xing B. Embedding of biochar in soil mineral fractions: Evidence from benzene polycarboxylic acids molecular biomarkers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159025. [PMID: 36167136 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Investigators are debating on the positive and negative priming effects of biochar on native soil organic carbon (SOC), which is largely attributed to the technical barrier of identifying biochar contribution to the apparently measured SOC or mineralized CO2. We combined benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCAs) molecular biomarkers and soil particle density fractionation to identify biochar contributions to the carbon content in three representative allitic soils in Yunnan. The soil-biochar mixture was incubated for one-month to avoid significant biodegradation of biochar. The results showed that BPCAs were mainly distributed in free light fractions (fLF) up to 87 % of the total BPCAs contents after one month incubation. Recognition of BPCAs in occluded light fractions (oLF) and heavy fractions (HF) suggested a significant interaction between biochar and soil mineral particles. In addition, the percentage of B6CA is comparable or even higher in HF than in fLF or oLF. Thus, biochar-mineral interactions may be an additional stabilization mechanism besides the condensed aromatic structures in biochar. The apparently measured carbon contents increased after biochar application, and both positive and negative priming effects to native SOC were observed after deducting biochar contents based an accurate calculation from BPCAs. The most native SOC depletion (positive priming effects) was noted for the soil with the most favored biochar embedding in soil mineral compositions. This study emphasized that combining BPCAs molecular biomarkers and soil particle density fractionation could accurately quantify different carbon pools, and thus facilitate a comprehensive understanding on the stabilization and turnover of biochar in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Tian
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhaofeng Chang
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zexiao Ren
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Min Wu
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science & Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
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22
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Dong Z, Li H, Xiao J, Sun J, Liu R, Zhang A. Soil multifunctionality of paddy field is explained by soil pH rather than microbial diversity after 8-years of repeated applications of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158620. [PMID: 36084779 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar and nitrogen (N) fertilizer application can increase soil carbon sequestration and enhance soil nutrient cycling. However, few studies have systematically explored the effects of the long-term application of biochar and N fertilizer on soil multifunctionality and characterized its driving factors. Based on an 8-year biochar paddy-field experiment in anthropogenic alluvial alkaline soil in northwest China, we measured eleven soil functions associated with soil carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling and four potential factors (soil bacterial and fungal richness, pH, and aggregates) governing soil functions to investigate the effects of three biochar rates (C0, no biochar; C1, 4.5 t ha-1 year-1; C2, 13.5 t ha-1 year-1) and two N fertilizer rates (N0, no N fertilizer; N1, 300 kg N ha-1 year-1) on individual soil ecosystem functions and soil multifunctionality. Our results showed that biochar and N fertilizer application increased soil organic carbon (SOC) by 20-58 % and total N content by 9.3-15 % and had a varied effect (but mainly positive) on the activity of enzymes associated with soil carbon, N, and phosphorus cycling. Different application rates of biochar and N fertilizer had no influence on soil DNA concentrations, but did change soil microbial diversity, soil aggregation, and pH. The carbon storage function (SOC content) of soils is an important predictor of multifunctionality. Long-term biochar and N fertilizer application indirectly explained soil multifunctionality by altering soil pH, whereas bacterial and fungal diversity and soil aggregates did not play significant roles in explaining soil multifunctionality. These findings suggest that the application of biochar and N fertilizer can enhance soil multifunctionality by directly improving the individual functions [soil carbon sequestration (SOC content)] and decreasing soil pH in alkaline paddy fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Dong
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiannan Xiao
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jiali Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ruliang Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China
| | - Aiping Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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23
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Haider FU, Wang X, Zulfiqar U, Farooq M, Hussain S, Mehmood T, Naveed M, Li Y, Liqun C, Saeed Q, Ahmad I, Mustafa A. Biochar application for remediation of organic toxic pollutants in contaminated soils; An update. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114322. [PMID: 36455351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioremediation of organic contaminants has become a major environmental concern in the last few years, due to its bio-resistance and potential to accumulate in the environment. The use of diverse technologies, involving chemical and physical principles, and passive uptake utilizing sorption using ecofriendly substrates have drawn a lot of interest. Biochar has got attention mainly due to its simplicity of manufacturing, treatment, and disposal, as it is a less expensive and more efficient material, and has a lot of potential for the remediation of organic contaminants. This review highlighted the adverse impact of persistent organic pollutants on the environment and soil biota. The utilization of biochar to remediate soil and contaminated compounds i.e., pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, antibiotics, and organic dyes has also been discussed. The soil application of biochar has a significant impact on the biodegradation, leaching, and sorption/desorption of organic contaminants. The sorption/desorption of organic contaminants is influenced by chemical composition and structure, porosity, surface area, pH, and elemental ratios, and surface functional groups of biochar. All the above biochar characteristics depend on the type of feedstock and pyrolysis conditions. However, the concentration and nature of organic pollutants significantly alters the sorption capability of biochar. Therefore, the physicochemical properties of biochar and soils/wastewater, and the nature of organic contaminants, should be evaluated before biochar application to soil and wastewater. Future initiatives, however, are needed to develop biochars with better adsorption capacity, and long-term sustainability for use in the xenobiotic/organic contaminant remediation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasih Ullah Haider
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiukang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Oman
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mehmood
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yuelin Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Cai Liqun
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Qudsia Saeed
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmad
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Mustafa
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia; Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
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24
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Situ G, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Yang X, Chen D, Li S, Wu Q, Xu Q, Chen J, Qin H. Linking the chemical nature of soil organic carbon and biological binding agent in aggregates to soil aggregate stability following biochar amendment in a rice paddy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 847:157460. [PMID: 35868400 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Changes in soil aggregation with biochar amendment have been investigated extensively, but how biochar affects the chemical composition of organic carbon (C) and biological binding agents in aggregates and their linkage with soil aggregate stability remains unclear. Soil samples were collected in a rice paddy treated with 0 (C0, control), 10 t ha-1 (C10), 20 t ha-1 (C20) and 40 t ha-1 (C40) biochar for twenty months. The amount and chemical composition of soil organic C (SOC), microbial abundances and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) were determined in bulk soil and four fractions: large macroaggregates (>2000 μm), small macroaggregates (250-2000 μm), microaggregates (53-250 μm), and silt + clay (<53 μm). Our results showed that the proportion of >250 μm water-stable aggregates and mean weight diameter were gradually increased with increasing biochar addition rate. The concentrations of SOC, readily oxidizable C and microbial biomass C increased most in the small macroaggregates, followed by microaggregates under biochar amendment. Increasing biochar addition rate gradually decreased the relative contents of alkyl C, O-alkyl C and carbonyl C, but increased those of aromatic C across the aggregates, resulting in a higher aromaticity and hydrophobicity of SOC with respect to the control. The abundances of bacteria, fungi and archaea and the content of GRSP were significantly enhanced in the large and small macroaggregates under the C40 treatment. The proportion of >250 μm aggregates was significantly correlated with the contents of soil organic C fractions, GRSP and microbial abundance. Structural equation modeling further revealed that changes in SOC hydrophobicity and GRSP content under biochar amendment had significant and direct effects on the soil aggregate size distribution. In summary, our findings suggest that biochar amendment in rice paddy could improve soil aggregation through altering the chemical composition of soil organic C and the abundance of biological binding agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoming Situ
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yuanlai Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xingqi Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - De Chen
- Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Songhao Li
- Agricultural Technology Extension Centre, Lin'an Municipal Bureau of Agriculture, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Qifeng Wu
- Agricultural Technology Extension Centre, Lin'an Municipal Bureau of Agriculture, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Qiufang Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Junhui Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Hua Qin
- The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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25
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Gou Z, Liu G, Wang Y, Li X, Wang H, Chen S, Su Y, Sun Y, Ma NL, Chen G. Enhancing N uptake and reducing N pollution via green, sustainable N fixation-release model. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113934. [PMID: 36027962 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The overuse of N fertilizers has caused serious environmental problems (e.g., soil acidification, excessive N2O in the air, and groundwater contamination) and poses a serious threat to human health. Improving N fertilizer utilization efficiency and plant uptake is an alternative for N fertilizers overuses. Enterobacter cloacae is an opportunistic pathogen, also used as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), has been widely presented in the fields of bioremediation and bioprotection. Here we developed a new N fixation-release model by combining biochar with E. cloacae. The efficiency of the model was evaluated using a greenhouse pot experiment with maize (Zea mays L.) as the test crop. The results showed that biochar combined with E. cloacae significantly increased the N content. The application of biochar combined with E. cloacae increased total N in soil by 33% compared with that of N fertilizers application. The N-uptake and utilization efficiency (NUE) in plant was increased 17.03% and 14.18%, respectively. The activities of urease, dehydrogenase and fluorescein diacetate hydrolase (FDA) was improved, the catalase (CAT) activity decreased. Analysis of the microbial community diversity revealed the abundance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Gemmatimonadetes were significantly improved. The mechanism under the model is that E. cloacae acted as N-fixation by capturing N2 from air. Biochar served as carrier, supporting better living environment for E. cloacae, also as adsorbent adsorbing N from fertilizer and from fixed N by E. cloacae, the adsorption in turn slower the N release. Altogether, the model promotes N utilization by plants, improves the soil environment, and reduces N pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zechang Gou
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Guoqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yisheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Xiufeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Huiqiong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Siji Chen
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yingjie Su
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
| | - Nyuk Ling Ma
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, University Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Guang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Straw Comprehensive Utilization and Black Soil Conservation, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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26
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Chen L, Han L, Feng Y, He J, Xing B. Soil structures and immobilization of typical contaminants in soils in response to diverse microplastics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 438:129555. [PMID: 35999728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) accumulation in soil ecosystems has become a worldwide issue. The influence of MPs on soil structures and contaminant transport has not been clearly unraveled. This study conducted soil column experiments covering four different treatments: soil without MPs (CK), soil with 0.5 wt% polyethylene (S+PE), soil with 0.5 wt% polyacrylonitrile (S+PAN), and soil with 0.5 wt% polyethylene terephthalate (S+PET). The interconnections between changes in soil structures and shifts in sorption efficiency for typical hydrophobic organic contaminants (e.g., phenanthrene (PHE)) and heavy metal (e.g., lead (Pb (II)) by soils induced by MPs were explored. MPs-added soils contained fewer macro-aggregates and lower aggregate stability compared to CK. Three MPs, particularly PE, promoted PHE sorption by soils but reduced Pb (II) sorption, which occurred in soils with or without dissolved organic carbon. The comparison between experimental and predicted sorption capacity, as well as the one-point sorption data of different aggregate sizes, showed that such variations in PHE and Pb (II) sorption were related to the shifts in soil aggregates besides from the physical mixture of soils with MPs. This finding is perspective to give an in-depth understanding of the effects of different MPs types on soil micro-environments and transport for contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lanfang Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China.
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jiehong He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
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He C, Zheng L, Gao W, Ding J, Li C, Xu X, Han B, Li Q, Wang S. Diversity and functions of quorum sensing bacteria in the root environment of the Suaeda glauca and Phragmites australis coastal wetlands. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:54619-54631. [PMID: 35305219 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19564-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The quorum sensing (QS) system plays a significant role in the bacteria-bacteria or plant-bacteria relationships through signal molecules. However, little is known about the distribution and functional diversity of QS bacteria in the root environment of Suaeda glauca and Phragmites australis in coastal wetlands. We explored the bacterial community by amplicon sequencing and isolated 1050 strains from the rhizosphere soil and root tissues of S. glauca and P. australis in northern China to investigate the bacterial community and AHL producers. AHL activity was found in 76 isolates, and 22 distinct strains were confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. A substantial number of AHL producers clustered in rhizobiales and sphingomonadale, which derived from the root tissues. AHL producers in the rhizosphere soil mostly belonged to rhodobacterales. The different taxa of AHL producers in the rhizosphere soil and root tissues resulted in a variation of AHL profiles that C6-HSL dominated the AHL profiles in root bacteria compared to the C8-HSL in rhizobacteria, implying different ecological roles for AHL producers in the rhizosphere soil and root tissues. Many AHL producers may form biofilms, and some can degrade DMSP and oil, demonstrating that QS bacteria in the root environment have a wide ecological roles. In our study, for one of the first times here, we explore the distribution and functional variety of AHL producers in the root environment of S. glauca-P. australis. This study expands current knowledge of the relationship between QS bacteria and coastal plants (S. glauca and P. australis), and vital roles of QS bacterial in maintaining the health of coastal wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfei He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Wei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Jinfeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Chengxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Xiyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Bin Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, 266061, China
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Acid-Modified Biochar Impacts on Soil Properties and Biochemical Characteristics of Crops Grown in Saline-Sodic Soils. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14138190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soil salinity and sodicity is a potential soil risk and a major reason for reduced soil productivity in many areas of the world. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different biochar raw materials and the effects of acid-modified biochar on alleviating abiotic stresses from saline-sodic soil and its effect on biochemical properties of maize and wheat productivity. A field experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design during the seasons of 2019/2020, with five treatments and three replicates: untreated soil (CK), rice straw biochar (RSB), cotton stalk biochar (CSB), rice straw-modified biochar (RSMB), and cotton stalk-modified biochar (CSMB). FTIR and X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that acid modification of biochar has potential effects for improving its properties via porous functions, surface functional groups and mineral compositions. The CSMB treatment enhanced the soil’s physical and chemical properties and porosity via EC, ESP, CEC, SOC and BD by 28.79%, 20.95%, 11.49%, 9.09%, 11.51% and 12.68% in the upper 0–20 cm, respectively, compared to the initial properties after the second season. Soil-available N, P and K increased with modified biochar treatments compared to original biochar types. Data showed increases in grain/straw yield with CSMB amendments by 34.15% and 29.82% for maize and 25.11% and 15.03% for wheat plants, respectively, compared to the control. Total N, P and K contents in both maize and wheat plants increased significantly with biochar application. CSMB recorded the highest accumulations of proline contents and SOD, POD and CAT antioxidant enzyme activity. These results suggest that the acid-modified biochar can be considered an eco-friendly, cheaper and effective choice in alleviating abiotic stresses from saline-sodic soil and positively effects maize and wheat productivity.
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Zhou S, Wang J, Chen L, Wang J, Zhao F. Microbial community structure and functional genes drive soil priming effect following afforestation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 825:153925. [PMID: 35218819 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Afforestation substantially modifies native soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition via plant carbon inputs (the priming effect), and in turn, triggers vital biogeochemical processes that influence the regulation of soil carbon dynamics. Soil microbes are crucial in regulating the direction and magnitude of the priming effect. In the present study, we performed metagenomic sequencing and 13C-glucose labeling analyses of microbial communities and priming effects across a Robinia pseudoacacia afforestation chronosequence (14-, 20-, 30-, and 45-year-old stands) in the Loess Plateau in China, with adjacent farmland being selected as a control. Our results revealed that the cumulative priming effect across five sites along the afforestation chronosequence initially increased and approached a peak value in the 20-year-old stand, after which it declined. The priming effect was predominantly driven by the microbial community structure (i.e., the fungal-to-bacterial ratios and relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria), and stable C decomposition genes and C-degrading enzymes. Specifically, among the key functional genes correlated with priming effect, which were identified in orders Rhizobiales and Pseudonocardiales, considerably promoted SOC priming. Overall, our findings indicate that afforestation alters soil microbial community structure and function, particularly with respect to enhancing stable soil C decomposition genes, which may promote SOC priming. The findings of the present study could enhance our understanding of fresh C input-induced changes associated with C mineralization in the context of the revegetation of ecologically fragile areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Zhou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Jieying Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Lan Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China; State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Fazhu Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710127, China
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30
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Wu Z, Li Y, Chen H, Rao J, Sun Q. Effects of straw mulching on predatory myxobacterial communities in different soil aggregates under wheat-corn rotation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:29062-29074. [PMID: 34993829 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18350-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Crop straw mulching is an important organic supplement in sustainable agriculture; however, the effect of increased organic matter on the diversity of micropredators such as myxobacteria and the correlation between myxobacteria and microorganisms have been little explored. In the current investigation, high-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze the myxobacterial community composition in a wheat-corn rotation experimental field with 6-year straw mulching and fertilization treatments. The results reveal no significant influence of straw mulch application on myxobacterial α-diversity (P < 0.05). NMDS (nonmetric multidimensional scaling) and perMANOVA results indicate the significant influence of straw mulching application on myxobacterial community composition (P < 0.05), and several groups, including Haliangiaceae, Polyangiaceae, and Archangiaceae, also varied in soil aggregates. RDA (redundancy analysis) results show that TOC (total organic carbon) was the most important factor affecting the myxobacterial community structure. In addition, RDA and random forest analysis results show the contribution of myxobacterial community structure to soil bacterial community α- and β-diversity, especially in the 0.25-1 mm and < 0.25 mm soil aggregate fractions. In conclusion, we suggest that the variation in myxobacterial community structure may be a driver of bacterial α- and β-diversity in soil microhabitats and might be a cause of soil microbial community changes. Our results are fruitful for finding more efficient ways to use straw from waste for the betterment of sustainable agriculture by analyzing changes in myxobacterial community structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yang Li
- Anhui Kunlang New Energy Technology Co. Ltd, Huainan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jixiang Rao
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qingye Sun
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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Biochar-Based Compost Affects Bacterial Community Structure and Induces a Priming Effect on Soil Organic Carbon Mineralization. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10040682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Urban forests are key to mitigating the Urban Heat Island Effect, which contributes to temperature increases in urban areas. However, the trees in these forests are usually under stress because urban soil is typically degraded. Biochar/compost amendments help with soil management by improving the physiochemical properties and bacterial communities of soil. Here, we compared the physiochemical properties and bacterial communities before and after (1) biochar-only and (2) biochar-based compost amendments. Our results suggested that biochar-only application did not improve soil properties after 1 year of treatment, whereas in the biochar-based compost treatment, the soil properties and bacterial communities changed after just four months. The increase in potassium and decrease in organic material, calcium, and available phosphorus in the soil of the former treatment indicated that the nutrient uptake of its trees had improved. Although there was no significant variation in the soil’s total nitrogen, the higher abundance of potential nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the biochar-based treatment suggested that the soil contained a supplement to nitrogen. Our results show that biochar-based compost amendment improves soil quality and associated bacterial communities in urban forest management.
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32
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Rasul M, Cho J, Shin HS, Hur J. Biochar-induced priming effects in soil via modifying the status of soil organic matter and microflora: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 805:150304. [PMID: 34536873 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar (BC) application has the potential to be integrated into a carbon-trading framework owing to its multiple environmental and economic benefits. Despite the increasing research attention over the past ten years, the mechanisms of BC-induced priming effects on soil organic carbon mineralization and their influencing factors have not been systematically considered. This review aims to document the recent progress in BC research by focusing on (1) how BC-induced priming effects change the soil environment, (2) the factors governing the mechanisms underlying BC amendment effects on soils, and (3) how BC amendments alter soil microbial communities and nutrient dynamics. Here, we carried out a detailed examination of the origins of different biochar, its pyrolysis conditions, and potential interactions with various factors that affect BC characteristics and mechanisms of C mineralization in primed soil. These findings clearly addressed the strong linkage between BC properties and abiotic factors that leads to change the soil microclimate, priming effects, and carbon stabilization. This review offers an overview of a fragmented body of evidence and the current state of understanding to support the application of BC in different soil environments with the aim of sustaining or improving the agricultural crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rasul
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Jinwoo Cho
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Sang Shin
- Department of Environment Energy Engineering, Seoul National University of Science & Technology, Seoul 01811, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
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Yan T, Xue J, Zhou Z, Wu Y. Impacts of biochar-based fertilization on soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community structure in a karst mountainous area. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:66420-66434. [PMID: 34333744 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15499-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The application of biochar-based fertilizer can improve soil properties in part by stimulating microbial activity and growth. Karst ecosystems, which make up large areas of Southwest China, are prone to degradation. Understanding the response of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) community structure to biochar-based fertilizer application is of great significance to karst soil restoration. A field experiment was conducted in a typical karst soil (calcareous sandy loam) in Southwest China. A high-throughput sequencing approach was used to investigate the effect of biochar-based fertilization on AMF community structure in the karst soil. With the control (CK), compost with NPK fertilizer (MF), biochar (B), a lower amount of biochar with compost and NPK fertilizer (B1MF), biochar with compost and NPK fertilizer (BMF), and a higher amount of biochar with compost and NPK fertilizer (B4MF), the field trials were set up for 24 months. Soil amendments increased soil nutrient content and AMF diversity. The composition and structure of the AMF community varied among the treatments. AMF community composition was significantly impacted by soil chemical properties such as TC (total carbon), TN (total nitrogen), TP (total phosphorus), and AP (available phosphorus). Furthermore, network analysis showed that biochar-based fertilization increased the scale and complexity of the microbial co-occurrence network. Biochar-based fertilization enabled more keystone species (such as order Diversisporales and Glomerales) in the soil AMF network to participate in soil carbon resource management and soil nutrient cycling, indicating that biochar-based fertilizer is beneficial for the restoration of degraded karst soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taotao Yan
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jianhui Xue
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.
| | - Zhidong Zhou
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yongbo Wu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
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Zheng H, Feng N, Yang T, Shi M, Wang X, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Li F, Sun K, Xing B. Individual and combined applications of biochar and pyroligneous acid mitigate dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in agricultural soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:148962. [PMID: 34271377 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Remediation of agricultural soils polluted with antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is important for protecting food safety and human health. However, the feasibility of co-application of biochar and pyroligneous acid, two multifunctional soil amendments, for mitigating dissemination of soil ARGs is unknown. Thus, a woody biochar (BC450) and its by-product, pyroligneous acid (PA450) simultaneously produced at 450 °C from blended wood wastes, were used to compare their individual and combined effects on soil ARG abundance using a 65-day pot experiment planted with leafy vegetable Brassica chinensis L. The individual and combined applications of PA450 and BC450 significantly reduced the absolute abundance of ARGs by 65.7-81.4% and 47.5-72.9% in the corresponding rhizosphere and bulk soil. However, the co-application showed little synergistic effect, probably due to the counteractive effect of BC450 on the PA450-mitigated soil ARG proliferation, resulted from the promoted soil bacterial growth and/or adsorption of antimicrobial components of PA450 by BC450. The decreased abundances of mobile genetic element intI1 and Tn916/1545 in the PA450 treatments demonstrated the potential of PA450 for weakening horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Furthermore, weakened HGT by individual PA450, lowered availability of heavy metals by individual BC450, and different bacterial community (e.g., reduced ARGs bacterial host) together with improved soil properties from co-application of PA450 and BC450 all contributed to the reduced ARG level. This study highlighted the feasibility of co-applications of biochar and pyroligneous acid amendment for mitigating soil ARG pollution. These findings provide important information for developing eco-friendly technologies using biochar and pyroligneous acid in remediating ARG-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zheng
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Nianlin Feng
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Tianning Yang
- Qingdao No. 2 Middle School of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Mei Shi
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Fengmin Li
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
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35
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Potential Effects of Biochar Application for Improving Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Growth and Soil Biochemical Properties under Drought Stress Conditions. LAND 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/land10111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Different soil amendments are applied to improve soil properties and to achieve higher crop yield under drought conditions. The objective of the study was to investigate the role of biochar for the improvement of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and soil biochemical properties under drought conditions. A pot experiment with a completely randomized design was arranged with four replications in a wire house. Drought was imposed on two critical growth stages (tillering and grain filling) and biochar was applied to the soil 10 days before sowing at two different rates (28 g kg−1 and 38 g kg−1). Soil samples were collected to determine the soil properties including soil respiration and enzymatic parameters after crop harvesting. Results showed that water stress negatively affects all biochemical properties of the soil, while biochar amendments positively improved these properties. Application of biochar at 38 g kg−1 provided significantly higher mineral nutrients, Bray P (18.72%), exchangeable-K (7.44%), soil carbon (11.86%), nitrogen mineralization (16.35%), and soil respiration (6.37%) as a result of increased microbial activities in comparison with the 28 g kg−1 rate.
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You X, Suo F, Yin S, Wang X, Zheng H, Fang S, Zhang C, Li F, Li Y. Biochar decreased enantioselective uptake of chiral pesticide metalaxyl by lettuce and shifted bacterial community in agricultural soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:126047. [PMID: 33992003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A 35-day microcosmic experiment was conducted with lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) and two metalaxyl (MET) enantiomers (R-MET and S-MET) to understand the roles of biochar in the enantioselective fate of chiral pesticides in soil-plant ecosystems. Wood waste-derived biochar (WBC) amendment effectively decreased the shoot concentrations of R-MET/S-MET and their metabolites R-MET/S-MET acid by 57.7-86.3% and 13.3-32.5%, respectively. The reduced uptake was mainly attributed to the decreased bioavailability of R-MET and S-MET. A lower fraction of R-MET was accumulated by the lettuce in the WBC-amended soils relative to the control, suggesting a decrease in the enantioselective uptake of the chiral pesticide MET in the presence of biochar. Regardless of the WBC amendment, no enantiomerization of MET or MET acid occurred. The application of WBC stimulated soil bacterial diversity, shifted the bacterial community, and enhanced the abundance of pesticide degrading bacteria (e.g., Luteimonas, Methylophilus, and Hydrogenophaga), which were responsible for the enantioselective degradation of MET in the soil. This work expands our understanding of the enantioselective fate of chiral pesticides in the biochar-amended soil ecosystems. These findings can be used to develop biochar-based technologies to remediate soils contaminated with these chiral pesticides to ensure food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwei You
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Fengyue Suo
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Shaojing Yin
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100 China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100 China.
| | - Song Fang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Chengsheng Zhang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Fengmin Li
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100 China
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
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37
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Effects of Biochar on Soil Aggregation and Distribution of Organic Carbon Fractions in Aggregates. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil aggregates are among crucial factors for determining both the quality and erosion resistance of soils. Biochar is a soil amendment that has seen increasing use to improve specific soil properties, mainly the physical structure and the preserving capacity of water and nutrients, as well as sequestration of soil organic carbon. In this study, we applied the rice husk biochar (RHB) and cattle manure compost (COM) in a sandy loam rural soil, which is widely distributed in southern Taiwan, to investigate the combined effects of the biochar and compost on soil aggregation and dynamic change of organic carbon fractions. Through our incubation experiment, both biochar and compost could promote the soil aggregation after eight weeks incubation. The total amounts of macroaggregates (MaAs, >2.0 mm) and mesoaggregates (MeAs, 0.25–2.0 mm) increased by 1.3–9%. During aggregation processes, a considerably greater amount of the soil organic carbon was found to enrich mainly in MaAs and MeAs in all treatments. The COM addition in the soil further promotes organic carbon enrichment in microaggregates (MiAs, <0.25 mm) + fine particles and MeAs after incubation. Increasing labile organic C (LOC) fractions were significantly found in MaAs and MeAs during aggregation processes, whereas decreasing LOC fractions were found in MiAs. The input of fresh organic matter (RHB and COM) initial acts as binding agents in MiAs, and then further enhances the formation of MeAs and MaAs gradually. In conclusion, RHB promotes the physical protection of organic C by increasing soil aggregation and is hence a management option to enhance the C sequestration potential.
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Kumari K, Naskar M, Aftabuddin M, Das Sarkar S, Ghosh BD, Sarkar UK, Nag SK, Jana C, Das BK. Evaluation of Three Prokaryote Primers for Identification of Prokaryote Community Structure and Their Abode Preference in Three Distinct Wetland Ecosystems. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:643945. [PMID: 34335488 PMCID: PMC8317468 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.643945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ultimate role of prokaryote (bacteria and archaea), the decomposer of the wetland ecosystem, depends on its community structure and its interaction with the environment. The present study has used three universal prokaryote primers to compare prokaryote community structure and diversity of three distinctly different wetlands. The study results revealed that α-diversity indices and phylogenetic differential abundance patterns did not differ significantly among primers, but they did differ significantly across wetlands. Microbial community composition revealed a distinct pattern for each primer in each wetland. Overall comparison of prokaryote communities in sediments of three wetlands revealed the highest prokaryote richness and diversity in Bhomra (freshwater wetland) followed by Malencho (brackish-water wetland) and East Kolkata wetland (EKW) (sewage-fed wetland). Indicator genus analysis identified 21, 4, and 29 unique indicator genera, having preferential abode for Bhomra, EKW, and Malencho, respectively. Prediction of potential roles of these microbes revealed a preference for sulfate-reducing microbes in Malencho and methanogens in Bhomra. The distinct phylogenetic differential abundance pattern, microbial abode preference, and their potential functional role predict ecosystem variables shaping microbial diversity. The variation in community composition of prokaryotes in response to ecosystem variables can serve as the most sensitive bioindicator of wetland ecosystem assessment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Kumari
- Aquatic Environmental Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, India
| | - Malay Naskar
- Fisheries Resource Assessment and Informatics Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, India
| | - Md Aftabuddin
- Fisheries Resource Assessment and Informatics Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, India
| | - Soma Das Sarkar
- Fisheries Resource Assessment and Informatics Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, India
| | - Bandana Das Ghosh
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, India
| | - Uttam Kumar Sarkar
- Reservoir and Wetland Fisheries Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, India
| | - Subir Kumar Nag
- Fisheries Resource Assessment and Informatics Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, India
| | - Chayna Jana
- Fisheries Resource Assessment and Informatics Division, ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, India
| | - Basanta Kumar Das
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, India
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Jiang Z, Zheng H, Xing B. Environmental life cycle assessment of wheat production using chemical fertilizer, manure compost, and biochar-amended manure compost strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:143342. [PMID: 33160661 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using manure compost (MC) as a substitute for chemical fertilizer (CF) has been regarded as an effective strategy to promote sustainable crop production. The application of biochar in compost production could significantly mitigate the emission of gaseous pollutants and improve compost quality. However, comprehensive investigations of the environmental performance of crop production using CF, MC, and biochar-amended MC strategies are scarce. Therefore, in this study, wheat production using four fertilizer strategies, including CF, MC, and biochar-amended MC with biochar addition rates of 5% (MCB5) and 10% (MCB10), was comparatively assessed in terms of their environmental performance using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. Compared to the CF strategy, the majority of midpoint impact categories and all assessed damage categories (except for human health and resources in MCB10) were mitigated using the compost strategies. Furthermore, as the biochar application rate increased, the biochar-amended MC strategies remarkably decreased the impacts on the global warming potential, stratospheric ozone depletion, and land use, and greatly increased the impacts on ozone formation (human health), fine particulate matter formation, and terrestrial acidification. Overall, biochar-amended MC with a biochar addition rate of 5% (MCB5) is recommended as the optimal strategy due to its relatively low environmental impact. Moreover, combined with the results of the sensitivity analysis, biogenic air pollutant emissions derived from the compost and biochar production stages were identified as the most important hotspots contributing to the undesirable environmental impacts. These findings advance our understanding of the environmental performance of wheat production using biochar-amended MC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Hao Zheng
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Abstract
The exercise of biochar in agribusiness has increased proportionally in recent years. It has been indicated that biochar application could strengthen soil fertility benefits, such as improvement in soil microbial activity, abatement of bulk density, amelioration of nutrient and water-holding capacity and immutability of soil organic matter. Additionally, biochar amendment could also improve nutrient availability such as phosphorus and nitrogen in different types of soil. Most interestingly, the locally available wastes are pyrolyzed to biochar to improve the relationship among plants, soil and the environment. This can also be of higher importance to small-scale farming, and the biochar produced can be utilized in farms for the improvement of crop productivity. Thus, biochar could be a potential amendment to a soil that could help in achieving sustainable agriculture and environment. However, before mainstream formulation and renowned biochar use, several challenges must be taken into consideration, as the beneficial impacts and potential use of biochar seem highly appealing. This review is based on confined knowledge taken from different field-, laboratory- and greenhouse-based studies. It is well known that the properties of biochar vary with feedstock, pyrolysis temperature (300, 350, 400, 500, and 600 °C) and methodology of preparation. It is of high concern to further investigate the negative consequences: hydrophobicity; large scale application in farmland; production cost, primarily energy demand; and environmental threat, as well as affordability of feedstock. Nonetheless, the current literature reflects that biochar could be a significant amendment to the agroecosystem in order to tackle the challenges and threats observed in sustainable agriculture (crop production and soil fertility) and the environment (reducing greenhouse gas emission).
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Wang L, O'Connor D, Rinklebe J, Ok YS, Tsang DCW, Shen Z, Hou D. Biochar Aging: Mechanisms, Physicochemical Changes, Assessment, And Implications for Field Applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:14797-14814. [PMID: 33138356 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c04033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has triggered a black gold rush in environmental studies as a carbon-rich material with well-developed porous structure and tunable functionality. While much attention has been placed on its apparent ability to store carbon in the ground, immobilize soil pollutants, and improve soil fertility, its temporally evolving in situ performance in these roles must not be overlooked. After field application, various environmental factors, such as temperature variations, precipitation events and microbial activities, can lead to its fragmentation, dissolution, and oxidation, thus causing drastic changes to the physicochemical properties. Direct monitoring of biochar-amended soils can provide good evidence of its temporal evolution, but this requires long-term field trials. Various artificial aging methods, such as chemical oxidation, wet-dry cycling and mineral modification, have therefore been designed to mimic natural aging mechanisms. Here we evaluate the science of biochar aging, critically summarize aging-induced changes to biochar properties, and offer a state-of-the-art for artificial aging simulation approaches. In addition, the implications of biochar aging are also considered regarding its potential development and deployment as a soil amendment. We suggest that for improved simulation and prediction, artificial aging methods must shift from qualitative to quantitative approaches. Furthermore, artificial preaging may serve to synthesize engineered biochars for green and sustainable environmental applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuwei Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - David O'Connor
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, Wuppertal, 42285, Germany
- Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sik Ok
- Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Zhengtao Shen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E3, Canada
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Ashiq W, Nadeem M, Ali W, Zaeem M, Wu J, Galagedara L, Thomas R, Kavanagh V, Cheema M. Biochar amendment mitigates greenhouse gases emission and global warming potential in dairy manure based silage corn in boreal climate. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114869. [PMID: 32502870 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
About 11% of the global anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions result from agricultural practices. Dairy manure (DM) application to soil is regarded as a best management practice due to C sequestration and improvement of soil physiochemical properties. However, GHGs emissions from the soil following the DM application could offset its advantages. Biochar (BC) is known to affect N transformation and GHGs emissions from soil. There had been considerably less focus on the BC amendment and its effects on GHGs emissions following DM application under field conditions. The objectives of this study were; i) to determine the temporal patterns and cumulative GHGs fluxes following DM and inorganic nitrogen (IN) application and, ii) to investigate BC amendment impact on DMY, GWP, direct N2O emission factor (EFd) and the response of CH4 emissions (RC) in DM based silage corn. To achieve these objectives a two-year field experiment was conducted with these treatments: 1) DM with high N conc. (DM1: 0.37% N); 2) DM with low N conc. (DM2: 0.13% N); 3) IN; 4) DM1+BC; 5) DM2+BC; 6) IN + BC; and 7) Control (N0); and were laid out in randomized complete block design with four replications. BC amendment to DM1, DM2 and IN significantly reduced cumulative CO2 emission by 16, 25.5 and 26.5%, CH4 emission by 184, 200 and 293% and N2O emission by 95, 86 and 93% respectively. It also reduced area-scaled and yield-scaled GWP, EFd, RC and enhanced DMY. Thus, BC application showed great potential to offset the negative effects of DM application i.e GHGs emissions from the silage corn cropping system. Further research is needed to evaluate soil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics (substrates for GHG emissions) after DM and BC application on various soil types and cropping systems under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ashiq
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada; School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Waqas Ali
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Muhammad Zaeem
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Jianghua Wu
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Lakshman Galagedara
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Raymond Thomas
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada
| | - Vanessa Kavanagh
- Department of Fisheries and Land Resources, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Pasadena, NL, A0L 1K0, Canada
| | - Mumtaz Cheema
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, A2H 5G4, Canada.
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Mustafa A, Minggang X, Ali Shah SA, Abrar MM, Nan S, Baoren W, Zejiang C, Saeed Q, Naveed M, Mehmood K, Núñez-Delgado A. Soil aggregation and soil aggregate stability regulate organic carbon and nitrogen storage in a red soil of southern China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 270:110894. [PMID: 32721331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Soil aggregation plays a critical role in the maintenance of soil structure, as well as in its productivity. Fertilization influences soil aggregation, especially by regulating soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents in aggregate fractions. The present study evaluated the influence of three contrasting fertilizer regimes (unfertilized control -CK-, mineral fertilization -NPK- and manure combined with NPK -NPKM) on soil aggregate stability, aggregate-associated organic carbon and total nitrogen sequestration and mineralization of SOC. Soil samples from (20 cm) depth were collected from a long-term fertilization experiment and analysed for size distribution ranging (>250 μm, 250-53 μm and <53 μm sizes), SOC and TN contents, as well as for mineralization of bulk and aggregate associated-SOC. Both NPK and NPKM fertilizations significantly enhanced SOC and TN contents in bulk soil and its constituent aggregates of >250 μm, 250-53 μm and <53 μm sizes, as compared to CK. Long-term NPK and NPKM increased SOC and TN stock in bulk soil by 45 and 98%, and by 70 and 144%, respectively, as compared to CK. Similarly, higher values of SOC and TN stock in all aggregate fractions was observed with the application of NPKM. Application of NPK and NPKM for 26 years significantly increased aggregate stability, which was positively correlated with total SOC contents in terms of mean weight diameter (MWD) (Adj. R2 = 0.689, p < 0.03) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) (Adj. R2 = 0.471, p < 0.24). Moreover, higher scores regarding cumulative mineralization for bulk soil and aggregate associated OC were observed with the application of NPK and NPKM. Irrespective of treatments, higher cumulative C-mineralization was observed for macro-aggregates (>250 μm size) followed by 250-53 μm and <53 μm size aggregates. Interestingly, a highly positive correlation was observed between aggregate stability and the cumulative amount of mineralization for bulk soil and aggregate fractions, with R2 ranging from 0.84 to 0.99. This study evidenced that long-term fertilization of NPK and NPKM can improve soil aggregation, stability and associated OC and TN stock in aggregates, as well as aggregate-associated OC mineralization, which was further governed by aggregate size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Mustafa
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xu Minggang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Syed Atizaz Ali Shah
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Muhammad Mohsin Abrar
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Sun Nan
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wang Baoren
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station, Hunan, 426182, China
| | - Cai Zejiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China; Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station, Hunan, 426182, China
| | - Qudsia Saeed
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, PR China
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, PR China
| | - Avelino Núñez-Delgado
- Dept. Soil Sci. and Agric. Chem., Eng. Polytech. School, Campus univ. 27002 Lugo, Univ. Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Soinne H, Keskinen R, Heikkinen J, Hyväluoma J, Uusitalo R, Peltoniemi K, Velmala S, Pennanen T, Fritze H, Kaseva J, Hannula M, Rasa K. Are there environmental or agricultural benefits in using forest residue biochar in boreal agricultural clay soil? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 731:138955. [PMID: 32417473 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Short-term agronomic and environmental benefits are fundamental factors in encouraging farmers to use biochar on a broad scale. The short-term impacts of forest residue biochar (BC) on the productivity and carbon (C) storage of arable boreal clay soil were studied in a field experiment. In addition, rain simulations and aggregate stability tests were carried out to investigate the potential of BC to reduce nutrient export to surface waters. A BC addition of 30 t ha-1 increased soil test phosphorus and decreased bulk density in the surface soil but did not significantly change pH or water retention properties, and most importantly, did not increase the yield. There were no changes in the bacterial or fungal communities, or biomasses. Soil basal respiration was higher in BC-amended plots in the spring, but no differences in respiration rates were detected in the fall two years after the application. Rain simulation experiments did not support the use of BC in reducing erosion or the export of nutrients from the field. Of the C added, on average 80% was discovered in the 0-45 cm soil layer one year after the application. Amendment of boreal clay soil with a high rate of BC characterized by a moderately alkaline pH, low surface functionalities, and a recalcitrant nature, did not induce such positive impacts that would unambiguously motivate farmers to invest in BC. BC use seems unviable from the farmer's perspective but could play a role in climate change mitigation, as it will likely serve as long-term C storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Soinne
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Riikka Keskinen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Tietotie 4, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Jaakko Heikkinen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Tietotie 4, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Jari Hyväluoma
- HAMK University of Applied Sciences, Mustialantie 105, FI-31310 Mustiala, Finland
| | - Risto Uusitalo
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Tietotie 4, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Krista Peltoniemi
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sannakajsa Velmala
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Pennanen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Fritze
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Latokartanonkaari 9, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janne Kaseva
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Tietotie 4, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - Markus Hannula
- BioMediTech Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kimmo Rasa
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Tietotie 4, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
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Ge X, Cao Y, Zhou B, Xiao W, Tian X, Li MH. Combined application of biochar and N increased temperature sensitivity of soil respiration but still decreased the soil CO 2 emissions in moso bamboo plantations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 730:139003. [PMID: 32388376 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochar addition to soil is increasing worldwide, the effect of combined application of biochar and nitrogen (N) fertilizer on soil respiration is still unknown. Understanding of the interactive effects of biochar and N fertilizer addition on temperature sensitivity of soil respiration and temporal dynamics of soil CO2 emissions in forest ecosystems remains limited. We conducted a full factorial experiment with biochar (B0, B1 and B2 with 0, 5 and 20 t·ha-1, respectively) and N fertilizer addition (N0 and N1 with 0 and 50 kg·ha-1 NH4NO3, respectively) as factors, to study their effects on soil respiration rate, temperature sensitivity (Q10), soil available nutrients, and their relations in moso bamboo plantations in subtropical China from April 2014 to April 2016. We found that, irrespective of biochar addition rate, N fertilization increased Q10 on the one hand, and irrespective of N fertilization rate, lower application rate of biochar resulted in a higher Q10, on the other hand. In spite of increased Q10, combined application of biochar and N decreased soil respiration rate in both growing season and non-growing season, as well as the annual cumulative soil CO2 emissions. Annual cumulative soil CO2 emissions were found to be significantly positively correlated with soil total nitrogen (STN) (p = 0.028) in 0-10 cm soil layer, and with soil ammonium (NH4+) (p = 0.000) and soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) (p = 0.000) in both 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layer. The present study suggests that the combined application of biochar and N fertilizer can be widely used in subtropical forest ecosystems where soil N is limited, because it increases soil fertility and, at the same time, decreases soil CO2 emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogai Ge
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland; Qianjiangyuan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, State Forestry and Grassland Administration of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Yonghui Cao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China; Qianjiangyuan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, State Forestry and Grassland Administration of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Benzhi Zhou
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China; Qianjiangyuan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, State Forestry and Grassland Administration of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China.
| | - Wenfa Xiao
- State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
| | - Xiaokun Tian
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China; Qianjiangyuan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, State Forestry and Grassland Administration of China, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Mai-He Li
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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Gorovtsov AV, Minkina TM, Mandzhieva SS, Perelomov LV, Soja G, Zamulina IV, Rajput VD, Sushkova SN, Mohan D, Yao J. The mechanisms of biochar interactions with microorganisms in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:2495-2518. [PMID: 31522311 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-019-00412-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, a carbonaceous material, is increasingly used in the remediation of the anthropogenically polluted soils and the restoration of their ecological functions. However, the interaction mechanisms among biochar, inorganic and organic soil properties and soil biota are still not very clear. The effect of biochar on soil microorganisms is very diverse. Several mechanisms of these interactions were suggested. However, a well acceptable mechanism of biochar effect on soil microorganisms is still missing. Therefore, efforts were made to examine and proposed a mechanism of the interactions between biochar and microorganisms, as well as existing problems of biochar impacts on main groups of soil enzymes, the composition of the microbiota and the detoxification (heavy metals) and degradation (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) of soil pollutants. The data on the process of biochar colonization by microorganisms and the effect of volatile pyrolysis products released by biochar on the soil microbiota were analysed in detail. The effects of biochar on the physico-chemical properties of soils, the content of mineral nutrients and the response of microbial communities to these changes are also discussed. The information provided here may contribute to the solution of the feasibility, effectiveness and safety of the biochar questions to enhance the soil fertility and to detoxify pollutants in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Gerhard Soja
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, ERT, 3430, Tulln, Austria
- IVET, University for Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | - Dinesh Mohan
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jun Yao
- China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
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Wang YM, Li M, Jiang CY, Liu M, Wu M, Liu P, Li ZP, Uchimiya M, Yuan XY. Soil microbiome-induced changes in the priming effects of 13C-labelled substrates from rice residues. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 726:138562. [PMID: 32315855 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge gap exists to understand the soil CO2 emission and microbial group response to substrates of whole plant residues and derived biochar. We used 13C-labelled substrates (rice straw, roots and biochar) to track influences of their decomposition on soil priming effect (PE) and phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) composition during one-year incubation. Organic substrates at 1% (w/w) level increased soil pH, available nitrogen (AN) and available phosphorus (AP), especially during the first 45 days of incubation. After incubation, 44% of the added straw was mineralized to 13CO2, followed by roots (~35%) and biochar (~5%). Straw and roots amendment caused positive PE during 4-360 day of the incubation, where a lowest value of 41.9 mg C kg-1 was observed. Biochar amendment caused negative PE during 56-150 day of the incubation, where a largest value of -99.0 mg C kg-1 was observed. Analysis of 13C-labelled PLFA enabled the differentiation of microbial groups during substrates utilization. Gram positive bacteria (G+) and general bacteria groups were dominated in co-metabolizing both the native soil organic carbon (SOC) and substrates after straw and roots amendment. Gram negative bacteria (G-), especially identified by PLFA biomarkers cy17:0 and cy19:0, preferentially utilizes the 13C-labelled biochar but not promoting soil priming effect. Soil pH, SOC, AN and AP all explained changes of total and 13C-labelled PLFA contents (>75%, p < .05). Evidences showed that biochar is best in sequestering soil C pool, followed by straw and roots, and soil microbial groups in utilization of organic substances mediated SOC mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; MCC Huatian Nanjing Engineering & Technology Corporation, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Chun-Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Meng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhong-Pei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Minori Uchimiya
- USDA-ARS Southern Regional Research Center, 1100 Robert E. Lee Boulevard, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Xu-Yin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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Liu G, Pan X, Ma X, Xin S, Xin Y. Effects of feedstock and inherent mineral components on oxidation resistance of biochars. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 726:138672. [PMID: 32320864 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chemical stability assessment of biochar has been universally used to indicate its potential of long-term carbon sequestration. The comparative study on oxidation resistance of biochars from diverse series of feedstock is relatively limited, as well as the effects of endogenous minerals on biochar stability. Herein, oxidation resistance of biochars from peanut shell, bamboo, saw dust, reed stalk, furfural residues, seaweed degumming residues and Enteromorpha prolifera at 500 °C (PS500, BB500, SD500, RS500, FR500, SR500 and EP500) was examined by the treatments of H2O2, K2Cr2O7 and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Under H2O2 or K2Cr2O7 condition, C loss of algae-derived biochars (SR500 and EP500) was extremely greater than that of other biochars due to higher content of labile carbon components. PS500, BB500, SD500, RS500 and FR500 characterized with similar properties in carbon fraction, but they exhibited different ability to resist oxidation. The mineral fraction of biochars (e.g., content and species) varied with the feedstock, which played complex effects on the oxidation resistance. The mineral decomposition (e.g., CaCO3) in EP500 and SR500 above 500 °C influenced the analysis of biochar stability by TGA. After acid-washing, EP500 and SR500 showed weaker thermal oxidation resistance, agreed with the results of H2O2 and K2Cr2O7 oxidation. The oxidation resistance of biochars was correlated better with O/C ratio, implying that O/C ratio was more robust indicator than other indexes (e.g., H/C ratio and the ratio of D band to G band of Raman). The FTIR, Raman and XPS results further demonstrated the elimination of aliphatics and amorphous aromatics and/or the carboxylation/carbonylation of aromatic structures by H2O2 and K2Cr2O7. These findings are useful for better understanding the impacts of feedstock and inherent minerals on the oxidation resistance of biochars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocheng Liu
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, College of Resource and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Xiangrui Pan
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, College of Resource and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xiaohan Ma
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, College of Resource and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shuaishuai Xin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yanjun Xin
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, College of Resource and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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You X, Jiang H, Zhao M, Suo F, Zhang C, Zheng H, Sun K, Zhang G, Li F, Li Y. Biochar reduced Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum) uptake and dissipation of thiamethoxam in an agricultural soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 390:121749. [PMID: 31818655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Information about the effect of biochar on the environmental fate of pesticide thiamethoxam (THI) in soil-vegetable ecosystems is limited. Therefore, the influence of a wood-derived biochar produced at 450 °C (BC450) on the uptake of THI by Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum) and its dissipation in soil was investigated using a 42-day pot experiment. BC450 addition decreased THI uptake and its metabolite clothianidin (CLO) by 22.8 % and 37.6 %, respectively. However, the half-life of THI in soil rose from 89.4-120 days, indicating that BC450 increased soil THI's persistence. The decreased bioavailability and increased persistence of THI resulted mainly from the higher sorption capacity of BC450 to THI and CLO, which, in turn, enhanced the soil sorption capacity. Consequently, the application of BC450 increased the soil microbial diversity and altered the structure of the microbial community. Although the abundance of Actinobacteria associated with the biodegradation of THI, increased the persistence of THI in the BC450-amended soil, mainly due to the decrease in bioavailable THI. Our findings provide valuable information about the effect of biochar on the fate of THI and its metabolites in agricultural soil and will help to guide the practical application of biochar to remediate soils contaminated with neonicotinoid pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwei You
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Huatao Jiang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Man Zhao
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Fengyue Suo
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Chengsheng Zhang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Ke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Fengmin Li
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Ocean Study, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yiqiang Li
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Liu B, Liu Q, Zheng H, You X, Sun K, Luo X, Li F. Comparative study of individual and Co-Application of biochar and wood vinegar on blueberry fruit yield and nutritional quality. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125699. [PMID: 31884234 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar and its by-product, wood vinegar, have attracted extensive attention owing to their great potentials in improving degraded soil, which is a global concern because of the threats to soil productivity and food security. However, the effect of biochar or wood vinegar on blueberry production is unknown. Therefore, a field trial was conducted to investigate the effects of individual and co-application of biochar (BC450) and wood vinegar (WV450) derived from blended wood waste on the blueberry tree (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) growth, fruit yield, appearance, and nutritional quality as well as the soil properties and nutrient availability. Regardless of individual or co-application, all the amendments had little effect on tree growth. Although BC450 and WV450 increased the fruit yield, the differences between the amended treatments were non-significant. Both the amendments had little effect on the apparent fruit quality, but improved the nutritional quality has been improved (e.g., increased vitamin C and decreased titratable acidity). Additionally, the individual or co-application of BC450 and WV450 had little effect on soil properties (except for soil organic matter), but increased the soil nutrient availability (e.g., NH4+-N, NO3⁻-N, and Mg). The enhancement in the nutritional quality of the blueberry fruit can be mainly attributed to the increased nutrient availability. This is the first preliminary study that demonstrates that the individual or co-application of biochar and wood vinegar can be a potential strategy for reclaiming degraded soil and enhancing blueberry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchan Zhang
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Bingjie Liu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Xiangwei You
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Ke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xianxiang Luo
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Fengmin Li
- Institute of Coastal Environmental Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
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