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Gao K, Wang S, Zhou W, Zhang B, Dang Z, Liu C. Extracellular polymeric substances altered ferrihydrite (trans)formation and induced arsenic mobilization. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134434. [PMID: 38762983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The behavior of As is closely related to trans(formation) of ferrihydrite, which often coprecipitates with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), forming EPS-mineral aggregates in natural environments. While the effect of EPS on ferrihydrite properity, mineralogy reductive transformation, and associated As fate in sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB)-rich environments remains unclear. In this research, ferrihydrite-EPS aggregates were synthesized and batch experiments combined with spectroscopic, microscopic, and geochemical analyses were conducted to address these knowledge gaps. Results indicated that EPS blocked micropores in ferrihydrite, and altered mineral surface area and susceptibility. Although EPS enhanced Fe(III) reduction, it retarded ferrihydrite transformation to magnetite by inhibiting Fe atom exchange in systems with low SO42-. As a result, 16% of the ferrihydrite was converted into magnetite in the Fh-0.3 treatment, and no ferrihydrite transformation occurred in the Fh-EPS-0.3 treatment. In systems with high SO42-, however, EPS promoted mackinawite formation and increased As mobilization into the solution. Additionally, the coprecipitated EPS facilitated As(V) reduction to more mobilized As(III) and decreased conversion of As into the residual phase, enhancing the potential risk of As contamination. These findings advance our understanding on biogeochemistry of elements Fe, S, and As and are helpful for accurate prediction of As behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Gao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Bowei Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chongxuan Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Yan H, Zhu X, Li Z, Liu Z, Jin S, Zhou X, Han Z, Woo J, Meng L, Chi X, Han C, Zhao Y, Tucker ME, Zhao Y, Zhao H, Waheed J. Effect of Ba 2+ on the biomineralization of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ ions induced by Bacillus licheniformis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:182. [PMID: 38668902 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03975-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The effect of barium ions on the biomineralization of calcium and magnesium ions is often overlooked when utilizing microbial-induced carbonate precipitation technology for removing barium, calcium, and magnesium ions from oilfield wastewater. In this study, Bacillus licheniformis was used to bio-precipitate calcium, magnesium, and barium ions. The effects of barium ions on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of bacteria, as well as the components of extracellular polymers and mineral characteristics, were also studied in systems containing coexisting barium, calcium, and magnesium ions. The results show that the increasing concentrations of barium ions decreased pH, carbonic anhydrase activity, and concentrations of bicarbonate and carbonate ions, while it increased the contents of humic acids, proteins, polysaccharides, and DNA in extracellular polymers in the systems containing all three types of ions. With increasing concentrations of barium ions, the content of magnesium within magnesium-rich calcite and the size of minerals precipitated decreased, while the full width at half maximum of magnesium-rich calcite, the content of O-C=O and N-C=O, and the diversity of protein secondary structures in the minerals increased in systems containing all three coexisting ions. Barium ions does inhibit the precipitation of calcium and magnesium ions, but the immobilized bacteria can mitigate the inhibitory effect. The precipitation ratios of calcium, magnesium, and barium ions reached 81-94%, 68-82%, and 90-97%. This research provides insights into the formation of barium-enriched carbonate minerals and offers improvements for treating oilfield wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxiao Yan
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Shengping Jin
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Xiaotong Zhou
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Zuozhen Han
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Center for Isotope Geochemistry and Geochronology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Jusun Woo
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
| | - Long Meng
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Xiangqun Chi
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Chao Han
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
- Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Center for Isotope Geochemistry and Geochronology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yanyang Zhao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China
| | - Maurice E Tucker
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, UK
- Cabot Institute, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, BS8 1UJ, UK
| | - Yueming Zhao
- Qingdao West Coast New District First High School, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization and Sedimentary Minerals, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, China.
| | - Junaid Waheed
- University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, 13110, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
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Carreira de Paula J, García Olmedo P, Gómez-Moracho T, Buendía-Abad M, Higes M, Martín-Hernández R, Osuna A, de Pablos LM. Promastigote EPS secretion and haptomonad biofilm formation as evolutionary adaptations of trypanosomatid parasites for colonizing honeybee hosts. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:27. [PMID: 38514634 PMCID: PMC10957890 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00492-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Bees are major pollinators involved in the maintenance of all terrestrial ecosystems. Biotic and abiotic factors placing these insects at risk is a research priority for ecological and agricultural sustainability. Parasites are one of the key players of this global decline and the study of their mechanisms of action is essential to control honeybee colony losses. Trypanosomatid parasites and particularly the Lotmaria passim are widely spread in honeybees, however their lifestyle is poorly understood. In this work, we show how these parasites are able to differentiate into a new parasitic lifestyle: the trypanosomatid biofilms. Using different microscopic techniques, we demonstrated that the secretion of Extracellular Polymeric Substances by free-swimming unicellular promastigote forms is a prerequisite for the generation and adherence of multicellular biofilms to solid surfaces in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, compared to human-infective trypanosomatid parasites our study shows how trypanosomatid parasites of honeybees increases their resistance and thus resilience to drastic changes in environmental conditions such as ultralow temperatures and hypoosmotic shock, which would explain their success thriving within or outside their hosts. These results set up the basis for the understanding of the success of this group of parasites in nature and to unveil the impact of such pathogens in honeybees, a keystones species in most terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Carreira de Paula
- Department of Parasitology, Biochemical and Molecular Parasitology Group CTS-183, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro García Olmedo
- Department of Parasitology, Biochemical and Molecular Parasitology Group CTS-183, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Tamara Gómez-Moracho
- Department of Parasitology, Biochemical and Molecular Parasitology Group CTS-183, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - María Buendía-Abad
- Laboratorio de Patología Apícola, Centro de Investigación Apícola y Agroambiental (CIAPA), IRIAF - Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal, Consejería de Agricultura de la Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha, Marchamalo, Spain
- Instituto de Recursos Humanos para la Ciencia y la Tecnología, Fundación Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006, Albacete, Spain
| | - Mariano Higes
- Laboratorio de Patología Apícola, Centro de Investigación Apícola y Agroambiental (CIAPA), IRIAF - Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal, Consejería de Agricultura de la Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha, Marchamalo, Spain
- Instituto de Recursos Humanos para la Ciencia y la Tecnología, Fundación Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006, Albacete, Spain
| | - Raquel Martín-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Patología Apícola, Centro de Investigación Apícola y Agroambiental (CIAPA), IRIAF - Instituto Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Forestal, Consejería de Agricultura de la Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha, Marchamalo, Spain
- Instituto de Recursos Humanos para la Ciencia y la Tecnología, Fundación Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Castilla-La Mancha, 02006, Albacete, Spain
| | - Antonio Osuna
- Department of Parasitology, Biochemical and Molecular Parasitology Group CTS-183, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel de Pablos
- Department of Parasitology, Biochemical and Molecular Parasitology Group CTS-183, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Pontet NGM, Fernández C, Botté SE. Novel method of removing metals from estuarine water using whole microbial mats. Biometals 2024:10.1007/s10534-023-00578-7. [PMID: 38270738 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00578-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
This study addresses the limited understanding of chromium-microbial mat interactions in estuarine tidal flats. The aims were to evaluate (1) the efficiency of the microbial consortium in Cr(III) removal from seawater; (2) the elemental and mineralogical composition of the microbial mat as a natural system in the Cr removal, (3) the effects of metal on microphytobenthos, and (4) possible interactions of Cr with other metals present in the consortium. Microbial mats were exposed to Cr(III) solutions at different concentrations (2-30 mg Cr/L). Analysis such as metal concentration, organic matter content, chlorophyll a and phaeopigment concentrations, abundance of diatoms and cyanobacteria, SEM-EDS, and XRD were performed. Most of the Cr(III) was deposited, as chromium oxide/hydroxide, on the surface of all microbial mat components. The complete microbial mat, comprising sediments, detritus, EPS, and diverse microorganism communities, exhibited a remarkable capacity to accumulate Cr(III), retaining over 87% in the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Gabriela Morales Pontet
- Argentine Institute of Oceanography, CONICET - National University of the South (UNS), Carrindanga 7.5 km Road, B8000FWB , Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacy, National University of the South (UNS), San Juan 670, B8000ICN, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Carolina Fernández
- Institute of Biochemical Research of Bahía Blanca, CONICET - National University of the South (UNS), Carrindanga 7.5 km Road, B8000FWB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Center for Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Territorial Development (CEDETS), Provincial University of the Southwest (UPSO) - Commission of Scientific Research of the Province of Buenos Aires (CIC), Cali 320 city, B8003FTH, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Sandra Elizabeth Botté
- Argentine Institute of Oceanography, CONICET - National University of the South (UNS), Carrindanga 7.5 km Road, B8000FWB , Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Department of Biology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacy, National University of the South (UNS), San Juan 670, B8000ICN, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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Zhou Y, Peng H, Jiang L, Wang X, Tang Y, Xiao L. Control of cyanobacterial bloom and purification of bloom-laden water by sequential electro-oxidation and electro-oxidation-coagulation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132729. [PMID: 37839377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The outbreaks of cyanobacterial blooms have caused severe threat to aquatic ecosystem and public health. In this work, electrochemical technology with RuO2/IrO2/Ti (RIT) or/and Al as anode for cyanobacterial bloom control and simultaneous water purification were studied. Compared with RIT-Al and Al electrodes, RIT exhibited the highest effects on bloom algae inactivation and inhibition of algae regrowth. Live/dead analysis, SEM, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant system activities revealed that RIT could disintegrate bloom flocs and damage embedded algal cells due to high intensity of oxidation. With the lysis of cyanobacterial bloom, high content of intracellular compounds containing organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus released, necessitating water quality restoration. In the subsequent water purification process, RIT-Al overtook RIT and Al in removal of organic and nutrient pollutants due to the complex effects of electro-oxidation, coagulation, co-precipitation, electro-nitrification and electro-denitrification. Therefore, sequential electro-oxidation and electro-oxidation-coagulation process was an effective method for control cyanobacteria bloom and simultaneous removal of DOM, microcystin-LR (MC-LR), nitrogen and phosphorus, which is a promising technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Zhou
- School of the Environment, State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University Xianlin Campus, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huijun Peng
- School of the Environment, State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University Xianlin Campus, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- School of the Environment, State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University Xianlin Campus, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- School of the Environment, State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University Xianlin Campus, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuqiong Tang
- School of the Environment, State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University Xianlin Campus, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- School of the Environment, State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University Xianlin Campus, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Farhat TM, Al Disi ZA, Ashfaq MY, Zouari N. Study of diversity of mineral-forming bacteria in sabkha mats and sediments of mangrove forest in Qatar. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 39:e00811. [PMID: 37663542 PMCID: PMC10470404 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2023.e00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of microorganisms in carbonate minerals and modern dolomite formation in evaporitic environments occupied with microbial mats (i.e., sabkha) and in mangrove forests is evidenced, while its potential diversity requires further elucidation. Microorganisms can create supersaturated microenvironments facilitating the formation of various carbonate minerals through specific metabolic pathways. This is particularly important in arid environments, where deposition and sedimentary structures can occur. This study investigated the biodiversity of halophilic, heterotrophic, and aerobic mineral-forming bacteria in mangrove forests and living and decaying mats of Qatari sabkha. The diversity study was performed at the protein level using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry protein profiles combined with principal component analysis (PCA), which revealed a high diversity of isolated strains at the taxonomy and protein profile levels. The diversity of the minerals formed in pure cultures was evidenced by SEM/EDS and XRD analysis. Different types of carbonate minerals (calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonates, and high-magnesium calcites) were formed in pure cultures of the studied strains, which might explain their occurrence in the bulk composition of the sediments from where the strains were isolated. These results illuminate the diversity of biological mineral-formation processes in the extreme environments of Qatari sabkhas and mangroves, explaining the high diversity of minerals in these environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toka Mahmoud Farhat
- Environmental Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O.B 2713, Doha Qatar
| | - Zulfa Ali Al Disi
- Environmental Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O.B 2713, Doha Qatar
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammad Yousaf Ashfaq
- Environmental Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O.B 2713, Doha Qatar
| | - Nabil Zouari
- Environmental Sciences Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O.B 2713, Doha Qatar
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Michaelis C, Grohmann E. Horizontal Gene Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Biofilms. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020328. [PMID: 36830238 PMCID: PMC9952180 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Most bacteria attach to biotic or abiotic surfaces and are embedded in a complex matrix which is known as biofilm. Biofilm formation is especially worrisome in clinical settings as it hinders the treatment of infections with antibiotics due to the facilitated acquisition of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Environmental settings are now considered as pivotal for driving biofilm formation, biofilm-mediated antibiotic resistance development and dissemination. Several studies have demonstrated that environmental biofilms can be hotspots for the dissemination of ARGs. These genes can be encoded on mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as conjugative and mobilizable plasmids or integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs). ARGs can be rapidly transferred through horizontal gene transfer (HGT) which has been shown to occur more frequently in biofilms than in planktonic cultures. Biofilm models are promising tools to mimic natural biofilms to study the dissemination of ARGs via HGT. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art of biofilm studies and the techniques that visualize the three main HGT mechanisms in biofilms: transformation, transduction, and conjugation.
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Yang L, Yang Q, Lin L, Luan T, Tam NFY. Characterization of benthic biofilms in mangrove sediments and their variation in response to nutrients and contaminants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159391. [PMID: 36240915 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Diatom-dominated biofilms and associated extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) may adapt to the stress of long-term exposure to nutrients and anthropogenic contaminants. However, such interactions in contaminated mangrove sediments have rarely been reported. Based on the in situ characterization of biofilm components and environmental factors, the present study aimed to explore the key factors involved in shaping sediment biofilms through correlational and multivariate analyses. The pennate diatom Navicula is the core taxon that plays a crucial role in balancing the abundance of Nitzschia and Cyclotella, and is the main producer of bound-polysaccharides. The taxa composition shifts in a high N/P matrix, with the populations of pennate diatoms increasing but that of centric diatoms decreasing. High nutrient concentrations yield more number of diatoms and elevated levels of EPS. Bacteria are the main consumers of EPS and tend to be more symbiotic with Nitzschia than the other two diatom taxa. Some bound-polysaccharides dominated by arabinose and glucose units are transformed into the colloidal fraction, whereas other conservative ones serve as structural materials in concert with the bound-proteins. The planktonic phase of Cyclotella breaks down the structural EPS secreted by pennate diatoms in a process that directly affects the dynamic renewal of benthic biofilms. Most heavy metals as well as bisphenol A inhibit the abundance of bacteria and diatoms but enhance most EPS fractions except bound-polysaccharides. The response of structural EPS to specific contaminants varies, exhibiting increases in Co and Ni levels but decreases in nonylphenol and methylparaben levels. The present study improves our understanding of the microbial carbon loop of benthic biofilms in mangrove ecosystems under stress by nutrients and mixed contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Yang
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qian Yang
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510600, China
| | - Li Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Nora F Y Tam
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Yan H, Liu C, Yu W, Zhu X, Chen B. The aggregate distribution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on biochar facilitates quorum sensing and biofilm formation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159034. [PMID: 36167127 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar when applied into soil, together with soil clay minerals, may provide habitats for soil microbes and shift soil microbial community structure. Although several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the effects of biochar on microbial community, the impact of biochar on quorum sensing (QS) and QS-regulated behavior is poorly understood. In this study, we compared the effects of biochar and three common soil minerals (i.e., montmorillonite, kaolinite, and goethite) on QS and biofilm formation. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 with complete QS systems was selected as a model organism. Our results showed that biochar and goethite effectively promoted microbial QS and biofilm formation, while montmorillonite and kaolinite posed no significant effect. Live/Dead staining, SEM and density-dependent QS activity indicated that biochar was beneficial to cell viability maintenance and cell aggregations, which improved the efficiency of intercellular communications through QS. QS mutant strain experiments confirmed that biochar enhanced PAO1 biofilm formation by promoting QS. Goethite promoted biofilm formation with a different mechanism that cell debris induced by iron ions and positive charge on goethite surface provided raw materials for bacterial biofilm formation. Our findings provide evidence that the presence of biochar can enhance QS and biofilm formation through a feedforward loop of the QS system. This contributes to better understand biochar-mediated microbial cell to cell communications through QS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huicong Yan
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Congcong Liu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Wentao Yu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaomin Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Baoliang Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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10
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Huang X, Gu P, Wu H, Wang Z, Huang S, Luo X, Zheng Z. Shift of calcium-induced Microcystis aeruginosa colony formation mechanism: From cell adhesion to cell division. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 313:119997. [PMID: 35995295 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Colony formation is an essential stage of cyanobacterial blooms. High calcium concentration can promote Microcystis aeruginosa aggregation behavior, but the mechanism of colony formation caused by calcium has rarely been reported. In this study, high calcium-induced colony formation was identified as a shift from cell adhesion to cell division, rather than only cell adhesion as previously thought. Algae responded to this calcium-induced environmental pressure by aggregating and forming colonies. Algal cells initially secreted large quantities of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and rapidly aggregated by cell adhesion. The highest aggregation proportion was up to 68.93%. However, high calcium concentrations cannot completely inhibit algal cell growth, but only delay the algae into the rapid growth phase. With adaption to calcium and existing high EPS content, the daughter cells reduced EPS synthesis and the aggregation proportion decreased. The increasing growth rate was also responsible for the decreased xylose content in EPS. The mechanism of colony formation changed to cell division. The downregulation of genes related to EPS secretion also supported this hypothesis. Overall, these results can benefit for our understanding of cyanobacterial bloom formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Peng Gu
- School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214000, PR China
| | - Hanqi Wu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Zhikai Wang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Suzhen Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Xingzhang Luo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
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11
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Prebiotic synthesis of noncanonical nucleobases under plausible alkaline hydrothermal conditions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15140. [PMID: 36071125 PMCID: PMC9452575 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19474-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, the potential of alkaline hydrothermal environments for the synthesis of possible ancestral pre-RNA nucleobases using cyanide as a primary source of carbon and nitrogen is described. Water cyanide polymerizations were assisted by microwave radiation to obtain high temperature and a relatively high pressure (MWR, 180 °C, 15 bar) and were also carried out using a conventional thermal system (CTS, 80 °C, 1 bar) to simulate subaerial and aerial hydrothermal conditions, respectively, on the early Earth. For these syntheses, the initial concentration of cyanide and the diffusion effects were studied. In addition, it is well known that hydrolysis conditions are directly related to the amount and diversity of organic molecules released from cyanide polymers. Thus, as a first step, we studied the effect of several hydrolysis procedures, generally used in prebiotic chemistry, on some of the potential pre-RNA nucleobases of interest, together with some of their isomers and/or deamination products, also presumably formed in these complex reactions. The results show that the alkaline hydrothermal scenarios with a relatively constant pH are good geological scenarios for the generation of noncanonical nucleobases using cyanide as a prebiotic precursor.
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12
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Environmental and Biological Controls on Sedimentary Bottom Types in the Puquios of the Salar de Llamara, Northern Chile. GEOSCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/geosciences12060247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Puquios of the Salar de Llamara in the Atacama Desert, northern Chile, is a system of small lakes that is characterized by evaporitic mineral deposition and that commonly hosts microbial communities. This region is known for its extreme aridity, solar irradiance, and temperature fluctuations. The Puquios are a highly diverse ecosystem with a variety of sedimentary bottom types. Our previous results identified electrical conductivity (EC) as a first-order environmental control on bottom types. In the present paper, we extend our analysis to examine the effects of additional environmental parameters on bottom types and to consider reasons for the importance of EC as a control of sedimentology. Our results identify microbially produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) as a major player in the determination of bottom types. The relative amounts and properties of EPS are determined by EC. EPS, in turn, determines the consistency of bottom types, exchange of bottom substrate with the overlying water column, and mineral precipitation within the substrate. Low-EC ponds in the Puquios system have flocculent to semi-cohesive bottom types, with low-viscosity EPS that allows for high-exchange with the surrounding waters and mineral precipitation of granular gypsum, carbonate, and Mg–Si clay in close association with microbes. Ponds with elevated EC have bottom types that are laminated and highly cohesive with high-viscosity EPS that restricts the exchange between sediments and the surrounding waters; mineral precipitation in these high-EC ponds includes granular to laminated gypsum, carbonate and Mg–Si, which also form in close association with microbes. Bottom types in ponds with EC above the threshold for thriving benthic microbial communities have insufficient EPS accumulations to affect mineral precipitation, and the dominant mineral is gypsum (selenite). The variations in EPS production throughout the Puquios, associated with heterogeneity in environmental conditions, make the Puquios region an ideal location for understanding the controls of sedimentary bottom types in evaporative extreme environments that may be similar to those that existed on early Earth and beyond.
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13
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Sun F, Wang F, Jiang H, Huang Q, Xu C, Yu P, Cong H. Analysis on the flocculation characteristics of algal organic matters. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 302:114094. [PMID: 34775334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Algal organic matters (AOM) produced by cyanobacteria is an important part of the organic pollution and deterioration of water quality. Due to the complex composition, high solubility and easy dispersion of AOM, its flocculation characteristics become an important factor affecting the treatment for cyanobacteria-containing water. In this study, the cyanobacteria both in the Lab- and Taihu-environment were taken as research objects, aiming at the flocculation characteristic analysis of their extracellular organic matters (EOM) and intracellular organic matters (IOM) with the release risks. Results showed that EOM required more coagulant dosage than IOM and its removal effect was relatively lower. The complex water environment factors in Taihu Lake might cause easier separation of cyanobacterial AOM, which increased the removal efficiency of EOM and IOM by 11.05-26.18% and 8.54.-12.8%, respectively. The flocculation efficiency of cyanobacterial AOM was not only affected by the zeta potential driven charge neutralization, but also by the component distribution and content of AOM. Aromatic protein-like microbial metabolites were the main combination targets of coagulants rather than humic acids and fulvic acids. The wider floc particle size range and worse floc uniformity of cyanobacterial EOM was also one of the reasons for its poor coagulation effect. This paper provides an important theoretical basis and data support for the targeted flocculation and removal of cyanobacterial AOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Fengyi Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Huanglin Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Qinyun Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Chenhui Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China
| | - Haibing Cong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225127, PR China.
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14
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The vicK gene of Streptococcus mutans mediates its cariogenicity via exopolysaccharides metabolism. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:45. [PMID: 34916484 PMCID: PMC8677823 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00149-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is generally regarded as a major contributor to dental caries because of its ability to synthesize extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) that aid in the formation of plaque biofilm. The VicRKX system of S. mutans plays an important role in biofilm formation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vicK gene on specific characteristics of EPS in S. mutans biofilm. We constructed single-species biofilms formed by different mutants of vicK gene. Production and distribution of EPS were detected through atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Microcosmic structures of EPS were analyzed by gel permeation chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Cariogenicity of the vicK mutant was assessed in a specific pathogen-free rat model. Transcriptional levels of cariogenicity-associated genes were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that deletion of vicK gene suppressed biofilm formation as well as EPS production, and EPS were synthesized mostly around the cells. Molecular weight and monosaccharide components underwent evident alterations. Biofilms formed in vivo were sparse and contributed a decreased degree of caries. Moreover, expressional levels of genes related to EPS synthesis were down-regulated, except for gtfB. Our report demonstrates that vicK gene enhances biofilm formation and subsequent caries development. And this may due to its regulations on EPS metabolism, like synthesis or microcosmic features of EPS. This study suggests that vicK gene and EPS can be considered as promising targets to modulate dental caries.
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15
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Naknaen A, Ratsameepakai W, Suttinun O, Sukpondma Y, Khan E, Pomwised R. Microcystis Sp. Co-Producing Microcystin and Saxitoxin from Songkhla Lake Basin, Thailand. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13090631. [PMID: 34564635 PMCID: PMC8472854 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13090631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The Songkhla Lake Basin (SLB) located in Southern Thailand, has been increasingly polluted by urban and industrial wastewater, while the lake water has been intensively used. Here, we aimed to investigate cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in the SLB. Ten cyanobacteria isolates were identified as Microcystis genus based on16S rDNA analysis. All isolates harbored microcystin genes, while five of them carried saxitoxin genes. On day 15 of culturing, the specific growth rate and Chl-a content were 0.2-0.3 per day and 4 µg/mL. The total extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content was 0.37-0.49 µg/mL. The concentration of soluble EPS (sEPS) was 2 times higher than that of bound EPS (bEPS). The protein proportion in both sEPS and bEPS was higher than the carbohydrate proportion. The average of intracellular microcystins (IMCs) was 0.47 pg/cell on day 15 of culturing, while extracellular microcystins (EMCs) were undetectable. The IMCs were dramatically produced at the exponential phase, followed by EMCs release at the late exponential phase. On day 30, the total microcystins (MCs) production reached 2.67 pg/cell. Based on liquid chromatograph-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, three new MCs variants were proposed. This study is the first report of both decarbamoylsaxitoxin (dcSTX) and new MCs congeners synthesized by Microcystis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ampapan Naknaen
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand; (A.N.); (O.S.)
| | - Waraporn Ratsameepakai
- Office of Scientific Instrument and Testing, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand;
| | - Oramas Suttinun
- Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand; (A.N.); (O.S.)
- Center of Excellence on Hazardous Substance Management (HSM), Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Yaowapa Sukpondma
- Division of Physical Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand;
| | - Eakalak Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4015, USA;
| | - Rattanaruji Pomwised
- Division of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-74-288-325
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16
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Yan W, Guo W, Wang L, Jing C. Extracellular polymeric substances from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 biofilms mediate the transformation of Ferrihydrite. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:147245. [PMID: 34088061 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria (DIRB) such as Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 play a crucial role in the biotransformation of iron-containing minerals, but the mechanism has not been fully deciphered. Herein, abiotic and biotic transformation of ferrihydrite (Fh) were compared to clarify the contributions of MR-1, EPS-free MR-1 (MR-1-EPS), loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS), and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS). The results of abiotic Fh transformation indicated that EPS did not block the Fh surfaces and thus has an insignificant effect on the adsorbed Fe(II)-Fh interaction. The complexation of the Fe(III) intermediate (Fe(III)active) with EPS, especially LB-EPS, however, inhibited the nucleation of secondary Fe minerals and changed the crystallization pathway. For biotic Fh transformation, on the other hand, EPS had dual effects that accelerated Fh bioreduction due to the enhanced extracellular electron transfer (EET) and constrained the following Fh mineralization by cutting of the chain reactions leading to mineral crystallization. Our finding also suggested that the effects of EPS on Fh biotransformation largely depend on the chemical properties of EPS, especially the polar functional groups such as carboxyl and phosphate, because of their important abilities for the cell attachment and Fe(II)/Fe(III) binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Liying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chuanyong Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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17
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Izadi P, Izadi P, Eldyasti A. Holistic insights into extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in anammosx bacterial matrix and the potential sustainable biopolymer recovery: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129703. [PMID: 33578118 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) process has been proven to be a favorable and innovative process, for treatment of nitrogen-rich wastewater due to decreased oxygen and carbon requirements at very high nitrogen loading rates. Anammox process is mainly operated through biofilm or granular sludge structures, as for such slow-growing microorganisms, elevated settling velocity of granules allows for adequate biomass retention and lowered potential risk of washouts. Stability of granular sludge biomass is extremely critical, yet the formation mechanism is poorly understood. There are number of important functions linked to Extracellular Polymeric Substance (EPS) in anammox bacterial matrix, such as; structural stability, aggregation promotion, maintenance of physical structure in the granules, water preserving and protective cell barrier. There is an increasing demand to introduce accurate methods for proper EPS extraction and characterization, to expand the perception of anammox granule stability and potential resource recovery. Analyzing EPS with a focus on various (mechanical and physical) properties can lead to biopolymer production from granular sludge. Biopolymers such as EPS are attractive alternatives substituting the conventional chemical polymers furthermore their recovery from the waste sludge and the potential applications in industrial sectors, leads to a radical enhancement of both environmental and economical sustainability, accelerating the circular economy advancements. Here, this study aims to overview the newest understanding on the structure of anammox sludge EPS, obtained recently and to assess the potential challenges and prospects to identify the knowledge gaps towards constructing an inclusive anammox EPS recovery and characterization procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parin Izadi
- Lassonde School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Parnian Izadi
- Lassonde School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Ahmed Eldyasti
- Lassonde School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
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18
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Fernandes G, Bastos MC, Mondamert L, Labanowski J, Burrow RA, Rheinheimer DDS. Organic composition of epilithic biofilms from agricultural and urban watershed in South Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:28808-28824. [PMID: 33550548 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Active functional groups in biofilms determine the adsorption and desorption of contaminants and nutrients. Epilithic biofilms were characterized in order to understand the association between the chemistry alteration patterns and the surrounding anthropic activities of the Guaporé River watershed. The instrumental analyses included pyrolysis coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy, spectroscopy in the IR region with attenuated total reflectance, and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance. Spectrometric techniques demonstrated that epilithic biofilms are mainly composed of polysaccharides, nitrogen-containing compounds, lipids, and aromatic and phenolic structures, which have functional groups characteristic of alcohols, esters, ethers, and amides. The polysaccharide levels reflect well the environmental pressures. The chemical composition of epilithic biofilms can be an effective tool for environmental assessment in watercourses, since the different anthropic actions developed in watersheds, mainly agriculture and urban areas, can modify the organic fraction of biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracieli Fernandes
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Prédio 42, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, Avenida Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Marilia Camotti Bastos
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Prédio 42, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, Avenida Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
- UMR IC2MP 7285, CNRS/ Université de Poitiers, ENSIP, TSA41105, 1 rue Marcel Doré, 86073 Poitiers, Cedex 9, France
| | - Leslie Mondamert
- UMR IC2MP 7285, CNRS/ Université de Poitiers, ENSIP, TSA41105, 1 rue Marcel Doré, 86073 Poitiers, Cedex 9, France
| | - Jérôme Labanowski
- UMR IC2MP 7285, CNRS/ Université de Poitiers, ENSIP, TSA41105, 1 rue Marcel Doré, 86073 Poitiers, Cedex 9, France
| | - Robert Alan Burrow
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, Avenida Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Danilo Dos Santos Rheinheimer
- Centro de Ciências Rurais, Prédio 42, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, Avenida Roraima n° 1000, Cidade Universitária, Bairro Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, CEP: 97105-900, Brazil
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19
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Souza-Egipsy V, Vega JF, González-Toril E, Aguilera Á. Biofilm mechanics in an extremely acidic environment: microbiological significance. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:3672-3680. [PMID: 33683248 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01975e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A variety of natural biofilms were collected from an extremely acidic environment at Río Tinto (Spain). In order to provide insights into the structure-function relationship, the microstructure of the biofilms was explored using low temperature scanning electron microscopy (LTSEM) in combination with rheological analysis. The creep-recovery experiment results have demonstrated the typical behaviour of viscoelastic materials that combine both elastic and viscous characters. The LTSEM visualization and rheological characterization of biofilms revealed that the network density increased in bacterial biofilms and was the lowest in protist Euglena biofilms. This means that, in the latter biofilms, a lower density of interactions exist, suggesting that the whole system experiences enhanced mobility under external mechanical stress. The samples with the highest dynamic moduli (Leptospirillum-Acidiphilium, Zygnemopsis, Chlorella and Cyanidium) have shown the typical strain thinning behaviour, whereas the Pinnularia and Euglena biofilms exhibited a viscous thickening reaction. The Zygnemopsis filamentous floating structure has the highest cohesive energy and has shown distinctive enhanced resilience and connectivity. This suggests that biofilms should be viewed as soft viscoelastic systems the properties of which are determined by the main organisms and their extracellular polymeric substances. The fractional Maxwell model has been found to explain the rheological behaviour of the observed complex quite well, particularly the power-law behaviour and the characteristic broad relaxation response of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Souza-Egipsy
- BIOPHYM, Department of Macromolecular Physics, Instituto de Estructura de la Materia (IEM-CSIC), c/Serrano 113 bis, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Wang Q, Chen K, Huang S, Zhu X, Kang F. Spontaneous assembly of microbial extracellular polymeric substances into microcapsules involved in trapping and immobilizing degradation-resistant oxoanions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 758:143651. [PMID: 33257076 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the ubiquity of microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in soils and aquatic environments, the roles played by EPS in the nonreductive transformation of toxic and degradation-resistant oxoanions are poorly understood. Here, we used perchlorate, which is ubiquitous in surface environments, as an initiator to study the spontaneous assembly of EPS into microcapsules involved in trapping and immobilizing oxoanions. The results confirmed that ClO4- oxoanions could be rapidly trapped in 20 min by EPS extracted from a common Bacillus subtilis, whereas no chemical reduction of ClO4- occurred in 48 h. Integrated spectroscopic analyses with florescence quenching microtitration and theoretical models showed that amino functionalities of EPS are responsible for sequestering ClO4-, with lower pH values being more favorable to formation of EPS-ClO4- micelles. Combined molecular dynamics scheme with wave function analyses showed that besides amino residues, the protonated side-chain amino groups in the basic proteins have a greater capacity for sequestering ClO4- through a noncovalent H-bonding mechanism in which dissociable protons serve as the nodes to bridge ClO4-. A quantitative association between the number of hydrogen bonds and bioavailability revealed that immobilization by EPS mitigates the uptake of toxic oxoanions by forage ryegrass, reducing their risk exposure to edible produce. MAIN FINDING OF THE WORK: Micelles formed by freely dissolved EPS mitigate the uptake of toxic oxoanions by forage ryegrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Shuhan Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Xuezhu Zhu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Fuxing Kang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu 210095, China.
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21
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Hortal L, Pérez-Fernández C, de la Fuente JL, Valles P, Mateo-Martí E, Ruiz-Bermejo M. A dual perspective on the microwave-assisted synthesis of HCN polymers towards the chemical evolution and design of functional materials. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22350. [PMID: 33339853 PMCID: PMC7749158 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, the first study on NH4CN polymerization induced by microwave radiation is described, where a singular kinetic behaviour, especially when this reaction is conducted in the absence of air, is found. As a result, a complex conjugated N-heterocyclic polymer system is obtained, whose properties are very different, and even improved according to morphological features, characterized by their X-ray diffraction patterns and scanning electron microscopy analysis, with respect to those produced under conventional thermal treatment. In addition, a wide variety of relevant bioorganics have been identified, such as amino acids, nucleobases, co-factors, etc., from the synthetized NH4CN polymers. These particular families of polymers are of high interest in the fields of astrobiology and prebiotic chemistry and, more recently, in the development of smart multifunctional materials. From an astrobiological perspective, microwave-driven syntheses may simulate hydrothermal environments, which are considered ideal niches for increasing organic molecular complexity, and eventually as scenarios for an origin of life. From an industrial point of view and for potential applications, a microwave irradiation process leads to a notable decrease in the reaction times, and tune the properties of these new series macromolecular systems. The characteristics found for these materials encourage the development of further systematic research on this alternative HCN polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Hortal
- Dpto. Evolución Molecular, Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Ctra. Torrejón-Ajalvir, km 4, 28850, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Pérez-Fernández
- Dpto. Evolución Molecular, Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Ctra. Torrejón-Ajalvir, km 4, 28850, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L de la Fuente
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial "Esteban Terradas" (INTA), Ctra. Torrejón-Ajalvir, km 4, 28850, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Valles
- Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial "Esteban Terradas" (INTA), Ctra. Torrejón-Ajalvir, km 4, 28850, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Mateo-Martí
- Dpto. Evolución Molecular, Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Ctra. Torrejón-Ajalvir, km 4, 28850, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Bermejo
- Dpto. Evolución Molecular, Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Ctra. Torrejón-Ajalvir, km 4, 28850, Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain.
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22
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Yang L, Xiao S, Yang Q, Luan T, Tam NFY. Recovery of subtropical coastal intertidal system prokaryotes from a destruction event and the role of extracellular polymeric substances in the presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:106023. [PMID: 32822926 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Intertidal sediments constitute the micro-environment for the co-existence of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and biofilms consisting of the microbial community and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). However, the interactions and the resulting eco-function of this community are complex and poorly characterized, especially after a destruction event. This study evaluates the re-construction of biofilms in terms of the abundance of prokaryotic cells and related EPS characterization in two destroyed sedimentary matrices from subtropical environments simulated by sterilization in the presence of EDCs and investigates the role of EPS. The results show that benthic prokaryotes recover from the deposition of active prokaryotes in natural seawater and form biofilms after sterilization. Sterilization triggers the release of polysaccharides and protein from lysed native microbial cells and bound EPS in sedimentary organic matter, thus increasing their concentrations. The increased portion of EPS also acts as a persistent stress on re-colonizing prokaryotes and leads to the overproduction of sedimentary EPS. Due to the protective role mediated by EPS, the effect of EDCs on biofilm composition in sterilized sediment is not significant. The sedimentary matrix is the most important determinant of the composition of the biofilm and the occurrence of EDCs. At the end of an 84-day experiment, the abundance of prokaryotic cells and the concentrations of polysaccharides and protein in mangrove sediment are 1.6-1.8 times higher than those in sandflat sediment, regardless of EDCs. Sandflat sediment exhibits higher concentrations of nonylphenol and bisphenol A but a lower concentration of 17α-ethinylestradiol than mangrove sediment. This study enhances our understanding of the role of sedimentary biofilms and the fate of EDCs in intertidal systems and highlights the benefit of a destructive event in enhancing ecosystem function, particularly tolerance to EDC adversity due to EPS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Sirui Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Nora F Y Tam
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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23
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Tanner K, Molina‐Menor E, Latorre‐Pérez A, Vidal‐Verdú À, Vilanova C, Peretó J, Porcar M. Extremophilic microbial communities on photovoltaic panel surfaces: a two-year study. Microb Biotechnol 2020; 13:1819-1830. [PMID: 32613706 PMCID: PMC7533311 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Solar panel surfaces can be colonized by microorganisms adapted to desiccation, temperature fluctuations and solar radiation. Although the taxonomic and functional composition of these communities has been studied, the microbial colonization process remains unclear. In the present work, we have monitored this microbial colonization process during 24 months by performing weekly measurements of the photovoltaic efficiency, carrying out 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing, and studying the effect of antimicrobial compounds on the composition of the microbial biocenosis. This is the first time a long-term study of the colonization process of solar panels has been performed, and our results reveal that species richness and biodiversity exhibit seasonal fluctuations and that there is a trend towards an increase or decrease of specialist (solar panel-adapted) and generalist taxa, respectively. On the former, extremophilic bacterial genera Deinococcus, Hymenobacter and Roseomonas and fungal Neocatenulostroma, Symmetrospora and Sporobolomyces tended to dominate the biocenosis; whereas Lactobacillus sp or Stemphyllium exhibited a decreasing trend. This profile was deeply altered by washing the panels with chemical agents (Virkon), but this did not lead to an increase of the solar panels efficiency. Our results show that solar panels are extreme environments that force the selection of a particular microbial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristie Tanner
- Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence S.L.Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino 9Paterna46980Spain
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology I2SysBioUniversity of Valencia – CSICCatedrático José Beltrán 2Paterna46980Spain
| | - Esther Molina‐Menor
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology I2SysBioUniversity of Valencia – CSICCatedrático José Beltrán 2Paterna46980Spain
| | - Adriel Latorre‐Pérez
- Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence S.L.Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino 9Paterna46980Spain
| | - Àngela Vidal‐Verdú
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology I2SysBioUniversity of Valencia – CSICCatedrático José Beltrán 2Paterna46980Spain
| | - Cristina Vilanova
- Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence S.L.Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino 9Paterna46980Spain
| | - Juli Peretó
- Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence S.L.Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino 9Paterna46980Spain
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology I2SysBioUniversity of Valencia – CSICCatedrático José Beltrán 2Paterna46980Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of ValenciaDr. Moliner 50Burjassot46100Spain
| | - Manuel Porcar
- Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence S.L.Calle Catedrático Agustín Escardino 9Paterna46980Spain
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology I2SysBioUniversity of Valencia – CSICCatedrático José Beltrán 2Paterna46980Spain
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24
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Egorova DA, Voronina OL, Solovyev AI, Kunda MS, Aksenova EI, Ryzhova NN, Danilova KV, Rykova VS, Scherbakova AA, Semenov AN, Polyakov NB, Grumov DA, Shevlyagina NV, Dolzhikova IV, Romanova YM, Gintsburg AL. Integrated into Environmental Biofilm Chromobacterium vaccinii Survives Winter with Support of Bacterial Community. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8111696. [PMID: 33143246 PMCID: PMC7716238 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromobacterium species are common in tropical and subtropical zones in environmental samples according to numerous studies. Here, we describe an environmental case of resident Chromobacterium vaccinii in biofilms associated with Carex spp. roots in Moscow region, Russia (warm-summer humid continental climate zone). We performed broad characterization of individual properties as well as surrounding context for better understanding of the premise of C. vaccinii survival during the winter season. Genome properties of isolated strains propose some insights into adaptation to habit and biofilm mode of life, including social cheaters carrying ΔluxR mutation. Isolated C. vaccinii differs from previously described strains in some biochemical properties and some basic characteristics like fatty acid composition as well as unique genome features. Despite potential to modulate membrane fluidity and presence of several genes responsible for cold shock response, isolated C. vaccinii did not survive during exposure to 4 °C, while in the complex biofilm sample, it was safely preserved for at least half a year in vitro at 4 °C. The surrounding bacterial community within the same biofilm with C. vaccinii represented a series of psychrophilic bacterial species, which may share resistance to low temperatures with other species within biofilm and provide C. vaccinii an opportunity to survive during the cold winter season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria A. Egorova
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
- Correspondence: (D.A.E.); (O.L.V.); Tel.: +7-985-312-53-30 (D.A.E.); +7-916-224-86-83 (O.L.V.)
| | - Olga L. Voronina
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
- Correspondence: (D.A.E.); (O.L.V.); Tel.: +7-985-312-53-30 (D.A.E.); +7-916-224-86-83 (O.L.V.)
| | - Andrey I. Solovyev
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Marina S. Kunda
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Ekaterina I. Aksenova
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Natalia N. Ryzhova
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Ksenya V. Danilova
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Valentina S. Rykova
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Anastasya A. Scherbakova
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Andrey N. Semenov
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Nikita B. Polyakov
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
- Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniil A. Grumov
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Natalia V. Shevlyagina
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Inna V. Dolzhikova
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
| | - Yulia M. Romanova
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander L. Gintsburg
- N.F. Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health, 123098 Moscow, Russia; (A.I.S.); (M.S.K.); (E.I.A.); (N.N.R.); (K.V.D.); (V.S.R.); (A.A.S.); (A.N.S.); (N.B.P.); (D.A.G.); (N.V.S.); (I.V.D.); (Y.M.R.); (A.L.G.)
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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25
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Wang D, Zuo Y, Liu N, Yu J, Qiu C. Stability of pure oxygen aeration-activated sludge system under non-steady food-to-microorganism ratio conditions during petrochemical wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2020; 56:21-31. [PMID: 33054534 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2020.1833599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the stability of a pure oxygen aeration-activated sludge system for petrochemical wastewater treatment under high organic concentration and non-steady food-to-microorganism (F/M) ratio conditions. Sludge settling characteristics maintained relatively stable conditions with an F/M ratio variation from 0.15 ± 0.04 to 0.33 ± 0.07 kg COD/kg MLSS⋅d, while the excess F/M ratio (0.44 ± 0.16 kg COD/kg MLSS⋅d) resulted in deterioration of the organic removal and sludge-water separation performances. Loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) showed more significant effect on sludge settleability than the tightly bound EPS. The genus Hydrogenophaga was related to organic removal performance, while Zoogloea and Chitinophaga were related to the effluent quality of suspended solids. The excess F/M ratio also caused an increase in Zoogloea and Chitinophaga, whereas the toxicity of petrochemical wastewater resulted in decreased abundance of Hydrogenophaga. These changes caused deterioration of the organic removal and sludge-water separation performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zuo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjie Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunsheng Qiu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
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26
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Huang IS, Pinnell LJ, Turner JW, Abdulla H, Boyd L, Linton EW, Zimba PV. Preliminary Assessment of Microbial Community Structure of Wind-Tidal Flats in the Laguna Madre, Texas, USA. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:E183. [PMID: 32707990 PMCID: PMC7464120 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aside from two samples collected nearly 50 years ago, little is known about the microbial composition of wind tidal flats in the hypersaline Laguna Madre, Texas. These mats account for ~42% of the lagoon's area. These microbial communities were sampled at four locations that historically had mats in the Laguna Madre, including Laguna Madre Field Station (LMFS), Nighthawk Bay (NH), and two locations in Kenedy Ranch (KRN and KRS). Amplicon sequencing of 16S genes determined the presence of 51 prokaryotic phyla dominated by Bacteroidota, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Desulfobacteria, Firmicutes, Halobacteria, and Proteobacteria. The microbial community structure of NH and KR is significantly different to LMFS, in which Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria were most abundant. Twenty-three cyanobacterial taxa were identified via genomic analysis, whereas 45 cyanobacterial taxa were identified using morphological analysis, containing large filamentous forms on the surface, and smaller, motile filamentous and coccoid forms in subsurface mat layers. Sample sites were dominated by species in Oscillatoriaceae (i.e., Lyngbya) and Coleofasciculaceae (i.e., Coleofasciculus). Most cyanobacterial sequences (~35%) could not be assigned to any established taxa at the family/genus level, given the limited knowledge of hypersaline cyanobacteria. A total of 73 cyanobacterial bioactive metabolites were identified using ultra performance liquid chromatography-Orbitrap MS analysis from these commu nities. Laguna Madre seems unique compared to other sabkhas in terms of its microbiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- I.-Shuo Huang
- Center for Coastal Studies, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA;
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USA
| | - Lee J. Pinnell
- Department of Life Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA; (L.J.P.); (J.W.T.)
- A. Watson Armour III Center for Animal Health and Welfare, John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL 60605, USA
| | - Jeffrey W. Turner
- Department of Life Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA; (L.J.P.); (J.W.T.)
| | - Hussain Abdulla
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA;
| | - Lauren Boyd
- Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (L.B.); (E.W.L.)
| | - Eric W. Linton
- Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI 48859, USA; (L.B.); (E.W.L.)
| | - Paul V. Zimba
- Center for Coastal Studies, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA;
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27
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Yu HQ. Molecular Insights into Extracellular Polymeric Substances in Activated Sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:7742-7750. [PMID: 32479069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are known to crucially affect the properties and performance of activated sludge, but the detailed influential mechanisms and the pertinence to specific compositional, structural properties of EPS are still elusive. Such knowledge gaps have severely limited our ability in optimizing biological wastewater treatment processes, for which long-term robust and efficient sludge performance remains one of the main bottlenecks. Here, we overview the new knowledge on the molecular structure of sludge EPS gained over the past few years and discuss the future challenges and opportunities for further advancing EPS study and engineering. The structural and functional features of several macromolecules in sludge EPS and their important structural roles in granular sludge are analyzed in detail. The EPS-pollutant interactions and environment-dependent regulation machinery on EPS production are deciphered. Lastly, the remaining knowledge gaps are identified, and the future research needs that may lead to molecular-level understanding and precise engineering of sludge EPS are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Qing Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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28
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Sun F, Zhang H, Qian A, Yu H, Xu C, Pan R, Shi Y. The influence of extracellular polymeric substances on the coagulation process of cyanobacteria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137573. [PMID: 32143047 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The hydrophobicity and flocculation properties of cyanobacterial cells are closely related to their extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). During the treatment of drinking water, the coagulation and removal of EPS-wrapped cyanobacterial particles from natural water sources is very difficult. In this work, a series of surface characteristics of cyanobacterial cells with different EPS fractions were analyzed to evaluate their influences on the coagulation process. With the removal of EPS, the coagulation efficiency of cyanobacteria was gradually improved. The intracellular microcystin release showed that the cyanobacterial cells in each EPS removal phase were almost intact with few broken cells. The surface of cyanobacterial cells had higher hydrophobicity and lower zeta potentials with each step of the EPS extraction, which improved the ratio of particles that were in an unstable state. Furthermore, the deeper the EPS extraction phase, the larger the decreased in size of cyanobacterial particles, thus increasing their specific surface area for adsorption with coagulant. It was concluded that the coagulation mechanism of EPS-wrapped cyanobacterial particles was: the cyanobacterial cells were first peeled off through attraction by opposite charges from the coagulant, and then they were adsorbed before settling down. This study provides a scientific basis for the removal of cyanobacteria by enhancing coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China.
| | - Hanyuan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China
| | - Aijuan Qian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China
| | - Hongfei Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China
| | - Chenhui Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China
| | - Rong Pan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, 196 Huayang West Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China
| | - Yijing Shi
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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29
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Chu YX, Ma RC, Wang J, Zhu JT, Kang YR, He R. Effects of oxygen tension on the microbial community and functional gene expression of aerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification systems. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:12280-12292. [PMID: 31993906 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07767-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic CH4 oxidation coupled to denitrification (AME-D) can not only mitigate the emission of greenhouse gas (e.g., CH4) to the atmosphere, but also reduce NO3- and/or NO2- and alleviate nitrogen pollution. The effects of O2 tension on the community and functional gene expression of methanotrophs and denitrifiers were investigated in this study. Although higher CH4 oxidation occurred in the AME-D system with an initial O2 concentration of 21% (i.e., the O2-sufficient condition), more NO3--N was removed at the initial O2 concentration of 10% (i.e., the O2-limited environment). Type I methanotrophs, including Methylocaldum, Methylobacter, Methylococcus, Methylomonas, and Methylomicrobium, and type II methanotrophs, including Methylocystis and Methylosinus, dominated in the AME-D systems. Compared with type II methanotrophs, type I methanotrophs were more abundant in the AME-D systems. Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria were the main denitrifiers in the AME-D systems, and their compositions varied with the O2 tension. Quantitative PCR of the pmoA, nirS, and 16S rRNA genes showed that methanotrophs and denitrifiers were the main microorganisms in the AME-D systems, accounting for 46.4% and 24.1% in the O2-limited environment, respectively. However, the relative transcripts of the functional genes including pmoA, mmoX, nirK, nirS, and norZ were all less than 1%, especially the functional genes involved in denitrification under the O2-sufficient condition, likely due to the majority of the denitrifiers being dormant or even nonviable. These findings indicated that an optimal O2 concentration should be used to optimize the activity and functional gene expression of aerobic methanotrophs and denitrifiers in AME-D systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xuan Chu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ruo-Chan Ma
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jia-Tian Zhu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ya-Ru Kang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ruo He
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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30
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Qian H, Li W, Guo L, Tan L, Liu H, Wang J, Pan Y, Zhao Y. Stress Response of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria monocytogenes Biofilms to Different Modified Atmospheres. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:23. [PMID: 32153513 PMCID: PMC7044124 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The sessile biofilms of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria monocytogenes have increasingly become a critical threat in seafood safety. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of modified atmospheres on the formation ability of V. parahaemolyticus and L. monocytogenes biofilms. The stress responses of bacterial biofilm formation to modified atmospheres including anaerobiosis (20% carbon dioxide, 80% nitrogen), micro-aerobiosis (20% oxygen, 80% nitrogen), and aerobiosis (60% oxygen, 40% nitrogen) were illuminated by determining the live cells, chemical composition analysis, textural parameter changes, expression of regulatory genes, etc. Results showed that the biofilm formation ability of V. parahaemolyticus was efficiently decreased, supported by the fact that the modified atmospheres significantly reduced the key chemical composition [extracellular DNA (eDNA) and extracellular proteins] of the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and negatively altered the textural parameters (biovolume, thickness, and bio-roughness) of biofilms during the physiological conversion from anaerobiosis to aerobiosis, while the modified atmosphere treatment increased the key chemical composition of EPS and the textural parameters of L. monocytogenes biofilms from anaerobiosis to aerobiosis. Meanwhile, the expression of biofilm formation genes (luxS, aphA, mshA, oxyR, and opaR), EPS production genes (cpsA, cpsC, and cpsR), and virulence genes (vopS, vopD1, vcrD1, vopP2β, and vcrD2β) of V. parahaemolyticus was downregulated. For the L. monocytogenes cells, the expression of biofilm formation genes (flgA, flgU, and degU), EPS production genes (Imo2554, Imo2504, inlA, rmlB), and virulence genes (vopS, vopD1, vcrD1, vopP2β, and vcrD2β) was upregulated during the physiological conversion. All these results indicated that the modified atmospheres possessed significantly different regulation on the biofilm formation of Gram-negative V. parahaemolyticus and Gram-positive L. monocytogenes, which will provide a novel insight to unlock the efficient control of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in modified-atmosphere packaged food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linxia Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Tan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiquan Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai, China.,Engineering Research Center of Food Thermal-Processing Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjie Pan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation (Shanghai), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquatic-Product Processing and Preservation, Shanghai, China
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31
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Lo Giudice A, Poli A, Finore I, Rizzo C. Peculiarities of extracellular polymeric substances produced by Antarctic bacteria and their possible applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:2923-2934. [PMID: 32076778 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10448-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) possess diversified ecological role, including the cell adhesion to surfaces and cell protection, and are highly involved in the interactions between the bacterial cells and the bulk environments. Interestingly, EPSs find valuable applications in the industrial field, due to their chemical versatility. In this context, Antarctic bacteria have not been given the attention they deserve as producers of EPS molecules and a very limited insight into their EPS production capabilities and biotechnological potential is available in literature to date. Antarctic EPS-producing bacteria are mainly psychrophiles deriving from the marine environments (generally sea ice and seawater) around the continent, whereas a unique thermophilic bacterium, namely Parageobacillus thermantarcticus strain M1, was isolated from geothermal soil of the crater of Mount Melbourne. This mini-review is aimed at showcasing the current knowledge on EPS-producing Antarctic bacteria and the chemical peculiarities of produced EPSs, highlighting their biotechnological potential and the yet unexplored treasure they represent for biodiscovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Lo Giudice
- National Research Council (CNR-ISP), Institute of Polar Sciences, Spianata S. Raineri 86, 98122, Messina, Italy.
| | - Annarita Poli
- National Research Council (CNR-ICB), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Finore
- National Research Council (CNR-ICB), Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Rizzo
- Department BIOTECH, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn,, National Institute of Biology, Villa Pace, Contrada Porticatello 29, 98167, Messina, Italy
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Cattò C, Cappitelli F. Testing Anti-Biofilm Polymeric Surfaces: Where to Start? Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3794. [PMID: 31382580 PMCID: PMC6696330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Present day awareness of biofilm colonization on polymeric surfaces has prompted the scientific community to develop an ever-increasing number of new materials with anti-biofilm features. However, compared to the large amount of work put into discovering potent biofilm inhibitors, only a small number of papers deal with their validation, a critical step in the translation of research into practical applications. This is due to the lack of standardized testing methods and/or of well-controlled in vivo studies that show biofilm prevention on polymeric surfaces; furthermore, there has been little correlation with the reduced incidence of material deterioration. Here an overview of the most common methods for studying biofilms and for testing the anti-biofilm properties of new surfaces is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cattò
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesca Cappitelli
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Wang L, Zhan H, Wang Q, Wu G, Cui D. Enhanced aerobic granulation by inoculating dewatered activated sludge under short settling time in a sequencing batch reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 286:121386. [PMID: 31078075 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The effect of dewatered activated sludge on aerobic granulation was investigated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) under short settling time. The results showed that dewatered sludge accelerated aerobic granulation and the granulation was completed within 5 days. On day 5, the aerobic granules were regular, compact, fast-settling and high granular strength and possessed excellent removal performance of carbon and nitrogen. The change trend of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was basically consistent with granular strength and granulation rate, indicating that EPS in granules played a vital function for granulation. Microbial community succession was investigated by pyrosequencing. In 5 days, microbial diversity was reduced and certain strains were rapidly enriched in the granules to become dominant species, serving on a crucial role in rapid granulation and pollutant removal as they could secrete excess EPS and possess the excellentability removing carbon and nitrogen pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China; School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, China
| | - Hanhui Zhan
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China.
| | - Qingqing Wang
- School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 221116 Xuzhou, China
| | - Gang Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, China
| | - Dabin Cui
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, China
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34
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Fernández-Martínez MÁ, dos Santos Severino R, Moreno-Paz M, Gallardo-Carreño I, Blanco Y, Warren-Rhodes K, García-Villadangos M, Ruiz-Bermejo M, Barberán A, Wettergreen D, Cabrol N, Parro V. Prokaryotic Community Structure and Metabolisms in Shallow Subsurface of Atacama Desert Playas and Alluvial Fans After Heavy Rains: Repairing and Preparing for Next Dry Period. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1641. [PMID: 31396176 PMCID: PMC6668633 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Atacama Desert, the oldest and driest desert on Earth, displays significant rains only once per decade. To investigate how microbial communities take advantage of these sporadic wet events, we carried out a geomicrobiological study a few days after a heavy rain event in 2015. Different physicochemical and microbial community analyses were conducted on samples collected from playas and an alluvial fan from surface, 10, 20, 50, and 80 cm depth. Gravimetric moisture content peaks were measured in 10 and 20 cm depth samples (from 1.65 to 4.1% w/w maximum values) while, in general, main anions such as chloride, nitrate, and sulfate concentrations increased with depth, with maximum values of 13-1,125; 168-10,109; and 9,904-30,952 ppm, respectively. Small organic anions such as formate and acetate had maximum concentrations from 2.61 to 3.44 ppm and 6.73 to 28.75 ppm, respectively. Microbial diversity inferred from DNA analysis showed Actinobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria as the most abundant and widespread bacterial taxa among the samples, followed by Chloroflexi and Firmicutes at specific sites. Archaea were mainly dominated by Nitrososphaerales, Methanobacteria, with the detection of other groups such as Halobacteria. Metaproteomics showed a high and even distribution of proteins involved in primary metabolic processes such as energy production and biosynthetic pathways, and a limited but remarkable presence of proteins related to resistance to environmental stressors such as radiation, oxidation, or desiccation. The results indicated that extra humidity in the system allows the microbial community to repair, and prepare for the upcoming hyperarid period. Additionally, it supplies biomarkers to the medium whose preservation potential could be high under strong desiccation conditions and relevant for planetary exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kimberley Warren-Rhodes
- Carl Sagan Center, SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA, United States
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Albert Barberán
- Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - David Wettergreen
- Carnegie Mellon University, Robotics Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Nathalie Cabrol
- Carl Sagan Center, SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA, United States
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, Mountain View, CA, United States
| | - Víctor Parro
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB, CSIC-INTA), Madrid, Spain
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35
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Biofilms: The Microbial "Protective Clothing" in Extreme Environments. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143423. [PMID: 31336824 PMCID: PMC6679078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are communities of aggregated microbial cells embedded in a self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Biofilms are recalcitrant to extreme environments, and can protect microorganisms from ultraviolet (UV) radiation, extreme temperature, extreme pH, high salinity, high pressure, poor nutrients, antibiotics, etc., by acting as "protective clothing". In recent years, research works on biofilms have been mainly focused on biofilm-associated infections and strategies for combating microbial biofilms. In this review, we focus instead on the contemporary perspectives of biofilm formation in extreme environments, and describe the fundamental roles of biofilm in protecting microbial exposure to extreme environmental stresses and the regulatory factors involved in biofilm formation. Understanding the mechanisms of biofilm formation in extreme environments is essential for the employment of beneficial microorganisms and prevention of harmful microorganisms.
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36
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Lin ZQ, Shao W, Xu J, Sheng GP. Accurately quantifying the reductive capacity of microbial extracellular polymeric substance by mediated electrochemical oxidation method. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 673:541-545. [PMID: 30995588 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The reductive capacity of microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) plays important roles in environmental processes involved in heavy metal detoxification and organic contaminant degradation. However, the crucial parameter to evaluate the reductive capacity of EPS, electron donating capacity (EDC) lacks a quantitative approach. In this study, a novel mediated electrochemical oxidation (MEO) method was developed to investigate the EDCs of microbial EPS extracted from Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (S. oneidensis MR-1), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and activated sludge. The results indicate that the MEO approach rapidly and accurately quantifies the EDCs of microbial EPS. S. oneidensis MR-1 EPS possessed the highest EDC value ascribed to their specific redox proteins components. EDCs of S. oneidensis MR-1 EPS were dependent on measurement conditions and increased with growing solution pH and applied potential. EDCs of S. oneidensis MR-1 EPS were depleted gradually during the redox reaction with irreversible oxidation of EPS. The reductive property of microbial EPS was accurately evaluated by quantifying the EDCs of EPS using the MEO approach, as well as their potential in environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qi Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Wei Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Guo-Ping Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China.
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37
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Zupo V, Mutalipassi M, Ruocco N, Glaviano F, Pollio A, Langellotti AL, Romano G, Costantini M. Distribution of Toxigenic Halomicronema spp. in Adjacent Environments on the Island of Ischia: Comparison of Strains from Thermal Waters and Free Living in Posidonia Oceanica Meadows. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11020099. [PMID: 30747108 PMCID: PMC6409854 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11020099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms adaptable to extreme conditions share the ability to establish protective biofilms or secrete defence toxins. The extracellular substances that are secreted may contain monosaccharides and other toxic compounds, but environmental conditions influence biofilm characteristics. Microorganisms that are present in the same environment achieve similar compositions, regardless of their phylogenetic relationships. Alternatively, cyanobacteria phylogenetically related may live in different environments, but we ignore if their physiological answers may be similar. To test this hypothesis, two strains of cyanobacteria that were both ascribed to the genus Halomicronema were isolated. H. metazoicum was isolated in marine waters off the island of Ischia (Bay of Naples, Italy), free living on leaves of Posidonia oceanica. Halomicronema sp. was isolated in adjacent thermal waters. Thus, two congeneric species adapted to different environments but diffused in the same area were polyphasically characterized by microscopy, molecular, and toxicity analyses. A variable pattern of toxicity was exhibited, in accordance with the constraints imposed by the host environments. Cyanobacteria adapted to extreme environments of thermal waters face a few competitors and exhibit a low toxicity; in contrast, congeneric strains that have adapted to stable and complex environments as seagrass meadows compete with several organisms for space and resources, and they produce toxic compounds that are constitutively secreted in the surrounding waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Zupo
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Mirko Mutalipassi
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Nadia Ruocco
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesca Glaviano
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonino Pollio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant'Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonio Luca Langellotti
- CAISIAL, Aquaculture division, University of Naples Federico II. Via Università, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy.
| | - Giovanna Romano
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Maria Costantini
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy.
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