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Deng S, An Q, Song J, Yang Y, Huang Z, Feng S, Tang C, Zhao B. Enhancement of Mn 2+, Fe 2+ and NH 4+-N removal by biochar synergistic strains combined with activated sludge in real wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142271. [PMID: 38734248 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Acinetobacter sp. AL-6 combining with biochar was adapted in activated sludge (AS & co-system) to decontaminate Mn2+, Fe2+ and NH4+-N, and treat activated sludge (AS) for its activity and settling performance improvement. Specifically, the co-system promoted the growth of bacteria in the activated sludge, thus increasing its ability to nitrify and adsorb Mn2+ and Fe2+, resulting in the removal of high concentrations of NH4+-N, Mn2+, Fe2+ and COD in the reactor by 100%, 100%, 100%, and 96.8%, respectively. And the pH of wastewater was increased from 4 to 8.5 by co-system also facilitated the precipitation of Mn2+ and Fe2+. The MLVSS/MLSS ratio increased from 0.64 to 0.95 and SVI30 decreased from 92.54 to 1.54 after the addition of co-system, which indicated that biochar helped to improve the activity and settling performance of activated sludge and prevented it from being damaged by the compound Mn2+ and Fe2+. In addition, biochar promoted the increase of the tyrosine-like protein substance and humic acid-like organic matter in the sludge EPS, thus enhanced the ability of sludge to adsorb Mn2+ and Fe2+. Concretely, compared with AS group, the proteins content and polysaccharides content of the AS & co-system group were increased by 13.14 times and 6.30 times respectively. Further, microbial diversity analysis showed that more resistant bacteria and dominant bacteria Acinetobacter sp. AL-6 in sludge enhanced the nitrification and adsorption of manganese and iron under the promotion of biochar. Pre-eminently, the more effective AS & co-system were applied to the removal of actual electrolytic manganese slag leachate taken from the contaminated site, and the removal of NH4+-N, Mn2+, Fe2+ and COD remained high at 100%, 100%, 71.82% and 94.72%, respectively, revealing advanced value for high engineering applications of AS & co-system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuman Deng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Qiang An
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Jiali Song
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Yichen Yang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Zhiruo Huang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Shuyun Feng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Chuanzhu Tang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
| | - Bin Zhao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, PR China.
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Li X, Gao X, Cheng M, Lu X, Zhao Z. Augmentation of saline wastewater treatment via functional enrichment of bacteria and optimized distribution in constructed wetlands combined with slag-sponges at different temperatures. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142194. [PMID: 38692369 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
China's aquatic environment continues to face several difficulties. Ecological constructed wetland systems (CWs) can be used to treat polluted saline water to alleviate water shortages regionally and globally. However, the performance is limited by low temperatures. To expand the use of CWs, we introduced a slag-sponge, a flaky material derived from alkaline waste slag, to create a newly constructed wetland system that can operate at both low and high temperatures. We evaluated its effectiveness by placing it at different heights in our devices. The results showed that the treatment was effective for saline wastewater with multiple contaminants. The efficiency was 20% higher than that of traditional CWs. Slag-sponges were found to carry pore structures and exhibit thermal insulation, which led to the enrichment of functional microbial communities (Chryseobacterium and Exiguerium) at low temperatures according to the microbial species analysis. The enhanced CWs offer another option for the treatment of polluted saline water in the environment and provide promising strategies for the utilization of waste slag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Engineering Research Center for Water Environment Ecology in Shanghai, China; Shanghai Textile Architecture Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqing Gao
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Engineering Research Center for Water Environment Ecology in Shanghai, China
| | - Mengqi Cheng
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Engineering Research Center for Water Environment Ecology in Shanghai, China; Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xian Lu
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Engineering Research Center for Water Environment Ecology in Shanghai, China
| | - Zhimiao Zhao
- College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Engineering Research Center for Water Environment Ecology in Shanghai, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Conservation, Hengshui, Hebei, China.
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Munir R, Muneer A, Sadia B, Younas F, Zahid M, Yaseen M, Noreen S. Biochar imparted constructed wetlands (CWs) for enhanced biodegradation of organic and inorganic pollutants along with its limitation. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:425. [PMID: 38573498 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12595-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The remediation of polluted soil and water stands as a paramount task in safeguarding environmental sustainability and ensuring a dependable water source. Biochar, celebrated for its capacity to enhance soil quality, stimulate plant growth, and adsorb a wide spectrum of contaminants, including organic and inorganic pollutants, within constructed wetlands, emerges as a promising solution. This review article is dedicated to examining the effects of biochar amendments on the efficiency of wastewater purification within constructed wetlands. This comprehensive review entails an extensive investigation of biochar's feedstock selection, production processes, characterization methods, and its application within constructed wetlands. It also encompasses an exploration of the design criteria necessary for the integration of biochar into constructed wetland systems. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis of recent research findings pertains to the role of biochar-based wetlands in the removal of both organic and inorganic pollutants. The principal objectives of this review are to provide novel and thorough perspectives on the conceptualization and implementation of biochar-based constructed wetlands for the treatment of organic and inorganic pollutants. Additionally, it seeks to identify potential directions for future research and application while addressing prevailing gaps in knowledge and limitations. Furthermore, the study delves into the potential limitations and risks associated with employing biochar in environmental remediation. Nevertheless, it is crucial to highlight that there is a significant paucity of data regarding the influence of biochar on the efficiency of wastewater treatment in constructed wetlands, with particular regard to its impact on the removal of both organic and inorganic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruba Munir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Amna Muneer
- Department of Physics, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Sadia
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Fazila Younas
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Yaseen
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Saima Noreen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
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Qi Y, Zhong Y, Luo L, He J, Feng B, Wei Q, Zhang K, Ren H. Subsurface constructed wetlands with modified biochar added for advanced treatment of tailwater: Performance and microbial communities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167533. [PMID: 37793458 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The limitations of conventional substrates in treating wastewater treatment plant tailwater are evident in subsurface flow constructed wetlands, and the emergence of biochar presents a solution to this problem. The objective of this study was to assess and prioritize the efficacy of various modified reed biochar in removing pollutants when used as fillers in wetland systems. To achieve this, we established multiple simulation systems of vertical groundwater flow wetlands, each filled with different modified reed biochar. The reed biochar was prepared and modified using Pingluo reed poles from Ningxia. We monitored the quality of the effluent water and the diversity of the microbial community in order to evaluate the pollutant removal performance of the modified biochar under different hydraulic retention times in a laboratory setting. The findings indicated that a hydraulic retention time of 24-48 h was found to be optimal for each wetland system. Furthermore, the composite modified biochar system with KMnO4 and ZnCl2 exhibited higher levels of dissolved oxygen and lower conductivity, resulting in superior pollutant removal performance. Specifically, the system achieved removal rates of 89.94 % for COD, 85.88 % for TP, 91.05 % for TN, and 92.76 % for NH3-N. Additionally, the 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis revealed that the system displayed high Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson indices of 6548.75, 10.1965, and 0.9944, respectively. The predominant bacterial phyla observed in the wetland system were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Patescibacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. Additionally, the denitrifying bacterial class, Rhodobacteriaceae, was found to have the highest content ratio in this system. This finding serves as confirmation that the KMnO4 and ZnCl2 composite modified biochar can significantly enhance water purification performance. Consequently, this study offers valuable insights for wastewater treatment plants seeking to implement vertical submersible artificial wetland tailwater improvement projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarong Qi
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Zhong
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China; Ningxia University Northwest State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration Cultivation Base, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lingling Luo
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China; Ningxia University Northwest State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration Cultivation Base, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing He
- School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China; Ningxia University Northwest State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration Cultivation Base, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Feng
- School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiqi Wei
- School of the Environment & Ecology XiaMen University, XiaMen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Koukou Zhang
- School of Geography and Planning, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiqin Ren
- School of Geography and Planning, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, People's Republic of China
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Zhong H, Jiang C, He X, He J, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Huang L. Simultaneous change of microworld and biofilm formation in constructed wetlands filled with biochar. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119583. [PMID: 37992655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
As the regulator of constructed wetlands (CWs), biochar is often used to enhance pollutant removal and reduce greenhouse gas emission. Biochar is proved to have certain effects on microbial populations, but its effect on the aggregation of microbial flocs and the formation of biofilms in the CWs has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, the above topics were studied in this paper by adding a certain proportion of biochar in aerated subsurface flow constructed wetlands. The results indicated that after adding biochar in the CWs, pollutant removal was enhanced and the removal rate of NH4+-N was increased from 80.76% to 99.43%. The proportion of hydrophobic components in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was reduced by adding biochar from 0.0044 to 0.0038, and the affinity of EPS on CH3-SAM was reduced from 5.736 L/g to 2.496 L/g. The weakened hydrophobic and the reduced affinity of EPS caused the initial attachment of microorganisms to be inhibited. The relative abundance of Chloroflexi was decreased after adding biochar, reducing the dense structural skeleton of biofilm aggregates. Correspondingly, the abundance of Bacteroidetes was increased, promoting EPS degradation. Biochar addition helped to increase the proportion of catalytic active proteins in extracellular proteins and decrease the proportion of binding active proteins, hindering the combination of extracellular proteins and macromolecules to form microbial aggregates. Additionally, the proportions of three extracellular protein structures promoting microbial aggregation, including aggregated chain, β-sheet, and 3-turn helix, were decreased to 23.83%, 38.37% and 7.76%, respectively, while the proportions of random coil and antiparallel β-sheet that inhibited microbial aggregation were increased to 14.11% and 8.11%, respectively. An interesting conclusion from the experimental results is that biochar not only can enhance pollutants removal, but also has the potential of alleviating biological clogging in CWs, which is of great significance to realize the sustainable operation and improve the life cycle of CWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhong
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Chunli Jiang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Xi He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Jinke He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Lei Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, PR China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Rural Cleaner Production, Chongqing, 400716, PR China.
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Zhang Y, Sun S, Gu X, Yu Q, He S. Role of hydrophytes in constructed wetlands for nitrogen removal and greenhouse gases reduction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 388:129759. [PMID: 37716572 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
With the prominence of global climate change and proposal of carbon reduction concept, how to maximize the comprehensive effect of nitrogen removal and greenhouse gases (GHGs) reduction in constructed wetlands (CWs) has become crucial. As indispensable biological component of CWs, hydrophytes have received extensive attention owing to their application potential. This review comprehensively evaluates the functions of hydrophytes in nitrogen removal and GHGs reduction in CWs in terms of plants themselves, plant-mediated microbes and plant residues (hydrophyte carbon sources and hydrophyte-derived biochars). On this basis, the strategies for constructing an ideal CW system are put forward from the perspective of full life-cycle utilization of hydrophytes. Finally, considering the variability of plant species composition in CWs, outlooks for future research are specifically proposed. This review provides guidance and novel perspectives for the full life-cycle utilization of hydrophytes in CWs, as well as for the construction of an ideal CW system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xushun Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qingjiang Yu
- Daqing Water Group Company Limited, Daqing 163000, China
| | - Shengbing He
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscape Water Environment, Shanghai 200031, China.
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Wang J, Fu Z, Liu F, Qiao H, Bi Y. Effects of substrate improvement on winter nitrogen removal in riparian reed (Phragmites australis) wetlands: rhizospheric crosstalk between plants and microbes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:95931-95944. [PMID: 37561302 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29181-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
With continued anthropogenic inputs of nitrogen (N) into the environment, non-point source N pollutants produced in winter cannot be ignored. As the water-soil interface zones, riparian wetlands play important roles in intercepting and buffering N pollutants. However, winter has the antagonistic effect on the N removal. Substrate improvement has been suggested as a strategy to optimize wetland performance and there remain many uncertainties about the inner mechanism. This study explores the effects of substrate improvement on N removal in winter and rhizospheric crosstalk between reed (Phragmites australis) and microbes in subtropical riparian reed wetlands. The rates of wetland N removal in winter, root metabolite profiles, and rhizosphere soil microbial community compositions were determined following the addition of different substrates (gravel, gravel + biochar, ceramsite + biochar, and modified ceramsite + biochar) to natural riparian soil. The results showed that the addition of different substrates to initial soil enhanced N removal from the microcosms in winter. Gravel addition increased NH4+-N removal by 8.3% (P < 0.05). Gravel + biochar addition increased both TN and NH4+-N removals by 8.9% (P < 0.05). The root metabolite characteristics and microbial community compositions showed some variations under different substrate additions compared to the initial soil. The three treatments involving biochar addition decreased lipid metabolites and enhanced the contents and variety of carbon sources in rhizosphere soil, while modified ceramsite + biochar addition treatment had a greater impact on the microbial community structure. There was evidence for a complex crosstalk between plants and microbes in the rhizosphere, and some rhizosphere metabolites were seen to be significantly correlated with the bacterial composition of the rhizospheric microbial community. These results highlighted the importance of rhizospheric crosstalk in regulating winter N removal in riparian reed wetland, provided a scientific reference for the protection and restoration of riparian reed areas and the prevention and control of non-point source pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Wang
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-Carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201415, People's Republic of China
| | - Zishi Fu
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-Carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201415, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuxing Liu
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, People's Republic of China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-Carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201415, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongxia Qiao
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-Carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201415, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucui Bi
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Low-Carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201415, People's Republic of China
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Huang L, Xiong H, Jiang C, He J, Lyu W, Chen Y. Pathways and biological mechanisms of N 2O emission reduction by adding biochar in the constructed wetland based on 15N stable isotope tracing. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 342:118359. [PMID: 37311348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) added with biochar were built to study pollutant removal efficiencies, nitrous oxide (N2O) emission characteristics, and biological mechanisms in nitrogen transformation. The results showed that biochar addition enhanced the average removal rates of ammonium (NH4+-N), total nitrogen, and chemical oxygen demand by 4.03-18.5%, 2.90-4.99%, and 2.87-5.20% respectively while reducing N2O emissions by 25.85-83.41%. Based on 15N stable isotope tracing, it was found that nitrification, denitrification, and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification were the main processes contributing to N2O emission. The addition of biochar resulted in maximum reduction rates of 71.50%, 80.66%, and 73.09% for these three processes, respectively. The relative abundance of nitrogen-transforming microbes, such as Nitrospira, Dechloromonas, and Denitratisoma, increased after the addition of biochar, promoting nitrogen removal and reducing N2O emissions. Adding biochar could increase the functional gene copy number and enzyme activity responsible for nitrogen conversion, which helped achieve efficient NH4+-N oxidation and eliminate nitrite accumulation, thereby reducing N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, PR China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Rural Cleaner Production, Chongqing, 400716, PR China.
| | - Haifeng Xiong
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Chunli Jiang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Jinke He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Wanlin Lyu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing, 400716, PR China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Rural Cleaner Production, Chongqing, 400716, PR China
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Li J, Wang J, Zhang Q, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Wang R, Wang D, Bai S. Efficient carbon removal and excellent anti-clogging performance have been achieved in multilayer quartz sand horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland for domestic sewage treatment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 335:117516. [PMID: 36840999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the application of a multilayer quartz sand substrate horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HSFCW) for campus sewage treatment. It aimed to assess the pollutant removal efficiency and anti-clogging performance under the suggested maximum organic loading rate (250 g/m2/d). The results of the multilayer HSFCW (CW6) were compared to the mololayer HSFCW (CW1) for the removal of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), solid accumulation, and microbial communities. During operation, the combination conditions of high hydraulic loading rate (HLR) with low COD concentration were better for COD removal under a high organic loading rate (OLR) of 200-300 g/m2/d. The maximum removal rate reached 80.4% in CW6 under high HLR, which was 13.8% higher than that in CW1, showing better adsorption and biodegradation ability of organic matter. Impressive clogging resistance capacity was found in CW6 due to the lower contents of the insoluble organic matter (IOM) that are prone to clogging, indicating full degradation of organic matters, particularly IOM, in CW6 under high HLR. Less abundance of unclassified Chitinophagaceae (under low HLR), Pedobacter and Saccharibacteria_genera_incertae_sedis (under high HLR) in CW6, which contributed to aerobic membrane fouling, helped to prevent clogging. Moreover, Brevundimonas, Cloacibacterium, Citrobacter, Luteimonas contributed to IOM degradation, thus further enhancing the anti-clogging performance. In view of the better clogging resistance performance, the application of CW6 operated under high HLR and low COD concentrations was recommended to achieve economical, efficient, and steady COD removal for domestic sewage treatment in long-term operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyue Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Yanli Ding
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Areas, Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - Yanan Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China; Guangxi Modern Industry College of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Ronghua Wang
- Hengsheng Water Environment Treatment Co., Ltd, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Dunqiu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Shaoyuan Bai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China; Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Areas, Guilin, 541004, China.
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10
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Wang G, Yu G, Chi T, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang J, Li P, Liu J, Yu Z, Wang Q, Wang M, Sun S. Insights into the enhanced effect of biochar on cadmium removal in vertical flow constructed wetlands. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130148. [PMID: 36265377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been increasingly applied in constructed wetlands (CWs) to remediate heavy metal (HM)-polluted water. Nevertheless, only few studies have elucidated the enhanced mechanism and potential synergies related to the HM removal from biochar-based CWs (BC-CWs) for HMs removal. This study used cadmium (Cd) as the target HM and added biochar into CWs to monitor physicochemical parameters, plant' physiological responses, substrate accumulation, and microbial metabolites and taxa. In comparison with the biochar-free CW (as CWC), a maximum Cd2+ removal of 99.7% was achieved in the BC-CWs, associated with stable physicochemical parameters. Biochar preferentially adsorbed the available Cd2+ and significantly accumulated Fe/Mn oxides-bond and the exchangeable Cd fraction. Moreover, biochar alleviated the lipid peroxidation (decreased by 36.4%) of plants, resulting in improved growth. In addition, extracellular polymeric substances were increased by 376.9-396.8 mg/L in BC-CWs than compared to CWC, and N and C cycling was enhanced through interspecific positive connectivity. In summary, this study explored comprehensively the performance and mechanism of BC-CWs in the treatment of Cd2+-polluted water, suggesting a promising approach to promote the plant-microbe-substrate synergies under HM toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoliang Wang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Guanlong Yu
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China.
| | - Tianying Chi
- CCCC-TDC Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300461, PR China
| | - Yifu Li
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Yameng Zhang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Jianwu Wang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Peiyuan Li
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Zhi Yu
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Qi Wang
- CCCC-TDC Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300461, PR China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- CCCC-TDC Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300461, PR China
| | - Shiquan Sun
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
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11
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Suthar S, Chand N, Singh V. Fate and toxicity of triclosan in tidal flow constructed wetlands amended with cow dung biochar. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:136875. [PMID: 36270527 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan (TC) is one of the threats to the environment due to its bioaccumulative nature, persistency, combined toxicity in aquatic biota, and endocrine-disrupting nature. This study revealed the removal of TC via three distinct setups of vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCW: B-VFCW (with biochar); PB-VFCW (with plant Colocasia and biochar); C-VFCW (without biochar but with plant)) operated with normal flow and tidal-flow (flooding/drying cycles of 72 h/24 h: B-TFCW; PB-TFCW; C-TFCW) mode for 216 h of the operation cycle. The effluent was analyzed for changes in TC load and wastewater parameters (COD, NO3-N, NH4+-N, and DO). TC reduction efficiency (%) was found to be higher in PB-TFCW (98.41) followed by, C-TFCW (82.41), B-TFCW (77.51), PB-VFCW (71.83), C-VFCW (64.25), and B-VFCW (52.19) (p < 0.001). Reduction efficiency for COD (29-75 - 53.10%), and NH4+-N (86.5-97.9%) was better in TFCWs than that of setups with a normal mode of operation. TFCWs showed higher DO (3.87-4.89 mg L-1) during the operation period than that of VFCWs. The toxic impact of TC in plant stand was also assessed and results suggested low phototoxic and oxidative enzyme activities (catalase, CAT; superoxide dismutase, SOD; hydrogen peroxide, H2O2; malondialdehyde, MDA) in TFCWs. In summary, biochar addition and tidal flow operation played a significant role in oxidative- and microbial-mediated removals of TC in wastewater. This study provides an alternative strategy for the efficient removals of TC in constructed wetland systems and new insights into the toxic impact of pharmaceuticals on wetland plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surindra Suthar
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun-248001, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Naveen Chand
- Environmental Engineering Research Group, National Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi-110040, India
| | - Vineet Singh
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun-248001, Uttarakhand, India
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12
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Qian X, Huang J, Yan C, Xiao J. Ecological restoration performance enhanced by nano zero valent iron treatment in constructed wetlands under perfluorooctanoic acid stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157413. [PMID: 35870581 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) of widespread use can enter constructed wetlands (CWs) via migration, and inevitably causes negative impacts on removal efficiencies of conventional pollutants due to its ecotoxicity. However, little attention has been paid to strengthen performance of CWs under PFOA stress. In this study, influences of nano zero valent iron (nZVI), which has been demonstrated to improve nutrients removal, were explored after exemplifying threats of PFOA to operation performance in CWs. The results revealed that 1 mg/L PFOA suppressed the nitrification capacity and phosphorus removal, and nZVI distinctly improved the removal efficiency of ammonia and total phosphorus in CWs compared to PFOA exposure group without nZVI, with the maximum increases of 3.65 % and 16.76 %. Furthermore, nZVI significantly stimulated dehydrogenase (390.64 % and 884.54 %) and urease (118.15 % and 246.92 %) activities during 0-30 d and 30-60 d in comparison to PFOA group. On the other hand, nitrifying enzymes were also promoted, in which ammonia monooxygenase increased by 30.90 % during 0-30 d, and nitrite oxidoreductase was raised by 117.91 % and 232.10 % in two stages. Besides, the content of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) under nZVI treatment was 72.98 % higher than PFOA group. Analyses of Illumina Miseq sequencing further certified that nZVI effectively improved the community richness and caused the enrichment of microorganisms related to nitrogen and phosphorus removal and EPS secreting. These results could provide valuable information for ecological restoration and decontamination performance enhancement of CWs exposed to PFOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuwen Qian
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Chunni Yan
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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13
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The impact of powdered activated carbon types on membrane anti-fouling mechanism in membrane bioreactors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:7337-7345. [PMID: 36149455 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Dosing powdered activated carbon (PAC) has been proven to be an economical and effective method to mitigate membrane fouling. However, the effects of pretreated PAC with different redox properties on membrane fouling still need to be further investigated. Here, the impact of commercial PAC, oxidized-PAC, and reduced-PAC on membrane fouling was investigated in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). Surprisingly, the filtration cycles were extended from 12-36 h to 132-156 h only by dosing reduced-PAC and commercial PAC with a finial dosage of 3 g/L, which were provided with reductive properties. However, few improvements of filtration cycle (less than 50 h) were achieved by dosing oxidized-PAC in the same dosage, which had the same adsorption performance as reduced-PAC and commercial PAC. The biomass and foulant concentration suggested that the enhanced anti-fouling performances by PAC with reductive properties were mainly attributed to the reduction of extracellular polymer substances (EPS) and soluble microbial products (SMP) content in the bulk solutions after 14 days of continuous operation. The model foulant degradation tests and the confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) images of activated sludge further demonstrated that PAC with reductive properties directly affected the microbial activities by controlling the EPS and SMP concentrations in the bulk solution, thereby suppressing membrane fouling. Such a finding provides new insights into anti-fouling mechanisms that the redox properties of PAC played a decisive role in membrane fouling mitigation, and also provides a strategy to prolong the anti-fouling effects by restoring the reductive properties of PAC. KEY POINTS: • The anti-fouling mechanisms of PAC with reductive property were investigated. • Reductive property was the main reason for fouling control instead of adsorption. • PAC with reductive property hindered the sludge activity to produce fewer foulants.
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14
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Zhao L, Fu G, Pang W, Tang J, Guo Z, Hu Z. Biochar immobilized bacteria enhances nitrogen removal capability of tidal flow constructed wetlands. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155728. [PMID: 35523327 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To improve the nitrogen removal (NR) capability of tidal flow constructed wetlands (TFCWs) for treatment of saline wastewater, biochar, produced from Cyperus alternifolius, was used to adsorb and immobilize a salt tolerant aerobic denitrifying bacteria (Zobellella sp. A63), and then was added as a substrate into the systems. Under low (2:1) or high (6:1) C/N ratio, the removal of NO3--N and total nitrogen (TN) in the biochar immobilized bacteria (BIB) dosing system (TFCW3) was significantly higher (q < 0.05) than that in the untreated system (TFCW1) and the biochar dosing system (TFCW2). At low C/N ratio, the removal rates of NO3--N, TN and chemical oxygen demand (COD) of TFCW3 were 68.2%, 72.6% and 82.5%, respectively, 15-20% higher than TFCW1 and 5-10% higher than TFCW2. When C/N ratio was further increased to 6, the pollutant removal rate of each system was greatly improved, but the removal rate of TFCW3 for NO3--N/TN was still nearly 10% and 5% higher than TFCW1 and TFCW2, respectively. Microbial community analysis showed that aerobic denitrifying bacteria, sulfate reducing bacteria and sulfur-driven denitrifiers (DNSOB) played the most important role of NR in TFCWs. Moreover, biochar bacterial agent significantly increased the abundances of genes involved in NR. The total copy numbers of bacterial 16S rRNA, nirS, nirK, drsA and drsB genes in the TFCW3 were 1.1- to 3.76-fold higher than those in the TFCW1; Especially at low C/N ratio, the copy number of drsA and drsB in the upper layer of TFCW3 were 85.5 and 455 times that of TFCW1, respectively. Thus, BIB provide a more feasible and effective amendment for constructed wetlands to improve the N removal of the saline wastewater by enhancing the microbial NR capacity mainly via aerobic and sulfur autotrophic denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guiping Fu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Weicheng Pang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jia Tang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhipeng Guo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhangli Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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15
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Yan C, Huang J, Cao C, Li X, Lin X, Wang Y, Qian X. Iris pseudacorus as precursor affecting ecological transformation of graphene oxide and performance of constructed wetland. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129164. [PMID: 35739704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The role of plants is largely unknown in constructed wetlands (CWs) exposed to phytotoxic nanomaterials. Present study investigated transformation of graphene oxide (GO) and performance of CWs with Iris pseudacorus as precursor. GO was trapped by CWs without dependence on plants. GO could move to lower substrate layer and present increases on defects/disorders with stronger effects in planted CW. Before adding GO, planted CW achieved better removal both of phosphorus and nitrogen. After adding GO, phosphorus removal in planted CW was 93.23-95.71% higher than 82.55-90.07% in unplanted CW. However, total nitrogen removal was not improved, showing 48.20-56.66% and 53.44-56.04% in planted and unplanted CWs. Plant improved urease, phosphatase, and arylsulfatase, but it decreased β-glucosidase and had less effects on dehydrogenase and catalase. Pearson correlation matrix revealed that plant enhanced microbial interaction with high degree of positive correlation. Moreover, there were obvious shifts in microbial community at phylum and genus level, which presented closely positive action on substrate enzyme activities. The functional profile was less affected due to functional redundancy in microbial system, but time effects were obvious in CWs, especially in planted CW. These findings could provide the basis on understanding role of plants in CWs for treating nanoparticles wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunni Yan
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Chong Cao
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Jiangsu Environmental Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lin
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Yaoyao Wang
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Xiuwen Qian
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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16
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Zhong H, Hu N, Wang Q, Chen Y, Huang L. How to select substrate for alleviating clogging in the subsurface flow constructed wetland? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154529. [PMID: 35292315 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetland (CW) is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly ecological technology for contaminated water remediation, especially in dispersed communities and rural areas. Plants grow, biofilms form, and pollutants attach to the substrate, which is the main supporting structure of a subsurface flow CW (SSFCW) system. After long-term operation, the accumulation of clogs from physical, chemical, and biological processes in SSFCW substrates can easily cause clogging, thus reducing treatment efficiency reduction and service life and causing no discharge of sewage by intermittent until last indicates in the CW surface. Subsequently, stench and mosquito breeding occur, thus influencing environmental sanitation. Substrate clogging is the most serious, challenging, and inevitable problem in the long-term operation of SSFCWs. The present study reviews the effects of substrates on clogging categorized into physical, chemical, and biological clogging and analyzes the substrates that can alleviate/aggravate clogging in CWs. The recommended substrates that can relieve clogging include plastic, rubber, soil mixture, walnut shell, biochar, organic waste, alum sludge, and lightweight aggregate, while shell, steel slag, blast furnace slag, zeolite, and soil may easily generate phosphorus-clogging substances. CW substrate clogging is a mixture of three clogs with synergistic effects, and the corresponding clogging mitigation substrates mentioned above can be used to alleviate the most severe among the three types of clogs to reduce the synergy, and thus to promote stable operation and technology level of CWs. This review aims to promote the scientific selection of substrates for the stable operation and technical level of CW through targeted recommendations for substrates that relieve clogging. Future studies should focus the effects of influent water quality and substrate type on clogging, and waste as substrate to alleviate clogging, while mitigating the negative environmental impact of waste treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhong
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Ning Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Lei Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China.
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17
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Li P, Wang C, Liu G, Luo X, Rauan A, Zhang C, Li T, Yu H, Dong S, Gao Q. A hydroponic plants and biofilm combined treatment system efficiently purified wastewater from cold flowing water aquaculture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 821:153534. [PMID: 35101486 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, more and more cold flowing water aquaculture has been adopted, but its wastewater treatment is always ignored, which causes great pressure on the environment. In this study, a compound in-situ treatment system that applied hydroponic plants and biofilm was constructed to treat the wastewater produced by cold flowing water culture of sturgeon. The removal efficiency of the nutrients from culture and the microbial composition in water and biofilm were tested, the correlation between the water quality indexes and bacterium was analyzed, and the abundance of nitrogen and phosphorus cycling genes was quantified. The results show that the system respectively achieved 90%, 100%, 100%, 100% and 48% removal efficiency of NH4+-N, NO3--N, TN, TP and COD which were produced by experimental sturgeon culture. Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa var. chinensis) and water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica) showed obvious growth in the four plants, which contributed to the removal of nutrients from wastewater. Besides, in the biofilm, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia became the top three dominant flora at the phylum level, and Flavobacterium, Rhodoferax, Sphaerotilus and Chitinimonas became the top four dominant flora at the genus level, which promoted the removal of nitrogen in the wastewater. The FAPROTAX analysis result shows that the highest functions within the carbon and nitrogen metabolisms were significantly identified in the biofilm, such as chemoheterotrophy, aerobic chemoheterotrophy and nitrate reduction. Further, the abundance of denitrifying genes (narG and napA) was higher than the nitrifying related genes (nxrB and amoA), indicating the more active denitrifying process. In summary, the compound in-situ treatment system efficiently removed nutrients from cold flowing water aquaculture. And the combined purification of hydroponic plants and biofilm which is rich in denitrifying bacterium plays an essential role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengju Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chi Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Guohao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaolong Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Abdessan Rauan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Tian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Haibo Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Shuanglin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, PR China
| | - Qinfeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, PR China
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18
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Cheng R, Hou S, Wang J, Zhu H, Shutes B, Yan B. Biochar-amended constructed wetlands for eutrophication control and microcystin (MC-LR) removal. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133830. [PMID: 35149020 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) pollution caused by eutrophication and climate change has posed a serious threat to ecosystems and human health. Constructed wetlands (CWs) with biochar addition volume ratios of 0% (BC0-CWs), 10% (BC10-CWs), 20% (BC20-CWs) and 50% (BC50-CWs) were set up to evaluate the efficiency of biochar-amended CWs for eutrophication and MCs pollution control. The results illustrated that removal efficiencies of both NH4+-N and NO3--N were enhanced by biochar addition to varying degrees. The average TP and MC-LR removal efficiencies increased with increasing biochar addition ratios, and the average TP and MC-LR removal efficiencies in biochar-amended CWs were significantly (p < 0.05) improved by 5.64-9.58% and 10.74-14.52%, respectively, compared to that of BC0-CWs. Biochar addition changed the microbial community diversity and structure of CWs. The relative abundance of functional microorganisms such as Burkholderiaceae, Nitrospiraceae, Micrococcaceae, Sphingomonadaceae and Xanthomonadaceae was promoted by biochar addition regardless of addition ratios. The higher relative abundance of the above microorganisms in BC20-CWs and BC50-CWs may contribute to their better removal performance compared to other CWs. The concentrations of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in biochar-amended CWs were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than that in BC0-CWs, which can reduce the risk of system clogging. This study demonstrated that biochar addition may be a potential intensification strategy for eutrophication and MCs pollution control by CWs. Considering both the removal performance and economic cost, a biochar addition ratio of 20% was recommended as an optimal addition ratio in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, PR China
| | - Shengnan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, PR China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun, 130102, PR China
| | - Jingfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, PR China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun, 130102, PR China.
| | - Brian Shutes
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University, Hendon, London, NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Baixing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, PR China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun, 130102, PR China
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19
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Wang J, Long Y, Yu G, Wang G, Zhou Z, Li P, Zhang Y, Yang K, Wang S. A Review on Microorganisms in Constructed Wetlands for Typical Pollutant Removal: Species, Function, and Diversity. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:845725. [PMID: 35450286 PMCID: PMC9016276 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.845725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been proven as a reliable alternative to traditional wastewater treatment technologies. Microorganisms in CWs, as an important component, play a key role in processes such as pollutant degradation and nutrient transformation. Therefore, an in-depth analysis of the community structure and diversity of microorganisms, especially for functional microorganisms, in CWs is important to understand its performance patterns and explore optimized strategies. With advances in molecular biotechnology, it is now possible to analyze and study microbial communities and species composition in complex environments. This review performed bibliometric analysis of microbial studies in CWs to evaluate research trends and identify the most studied pollutants. On this basis, the main functional microorganisms of CWs involved in the removal of these pollutants are summarized, and the effects of these pollutants on microbial diversity are investigated. The result showed that the main phylum involved in functional microorganisms in CWs include Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. These functional microorganisms can remove pollutants from CWs by catalyzing chemical reactions, biodegradation, biosorption, and supporting plant growth, etc. Regarding microbial alpha diversity, heavy metals and high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus significantly reduce microbial richness and diversity, whereas antibiotics can cause large fluctuations in alpha diversity. Overall, this review can provide new ideas and directions for the research of microorganisms in CWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwu Wang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yuannan Long
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Guanlong Yu
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for River-Lake Dredging Pollution Control, Changsha, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhou
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Peiyuan Li
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yameng Zhang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Shitao Wang
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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20
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Rong Q, Ling C, Lu D, Zhang C, Zhao H, Zhong K, Nong X, Qin X. Sb(III) resistance mechanism and oxidation characteristics of Klebsiella aerogenes X. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133453. [PMID: 34971630 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Resistant bacteria are potential natural materials for the bioremediation of soil metalloid pollution. A strain isolated from farmland soil chronically exposed to Sb was identified as K. aerogenes X with high antimonite [Sb(III)] tolerance and oxidation ability. The resistance mechanism of K. aerogenes X and its extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), antioxidant enzymes, and oxidation characteristics in Sb(III) stress were investigated in this study by stress incubation experiments and FTIR. The biotoxicity of Sb was limited by the binding of the organic compounds in EPS, and the anionic functional groups (e.g., amino, carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, etc.) present in the cell envelope were the components primarily responsible for the metalloid-binding capability of K. aerogenes X. The K. aerogenes X can oxidize Sb(III), and its metabolites induce changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS), catalase (CAT), total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione s-transferase (GSH-S) activity, indicating that the resistance mechanisms of K. aerogenes X are mediated by oxidative stress, EPS restriction and cell damage. Oxidation of Sb(III) is driven by interactions in intracellular oxidation, cell electron transport, extracellular metabolism including proteins and low molecular weight components (LMWs). LMWs (molecular weight <3 kDa) are the main driving factor of Sb(III) oxidation. In addition, Sb resistance genes arsA, arsB, arsC, arsD and acr3 and potential oxidation gene arsH were identified in K. aerogenes X. Owing to its natural origin, high tolerance and oxidation ability, K. aerogenes X could serve as a potential bioremediation material for the mitigation of Sb(III) in contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Rong
- College of Life Science and Technology GuangXi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Caiyuan Ling
- College of Resources, Environment and Materials GuangXi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Dingtian Lu
- College of Resources, Environment and Materials GuangXi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Chaolan Zhang
- College of Resources, Environment and Materials GuangXi University, Nanning, PR China.
| | - Hecheng Zhao
- College of Resources, Environment and Materials GuangXi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Kai Zhong
- College of Resources, Environment and Materials GuangXi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Xinyu Nong
- College of Resources, Environment and Materials GuangXi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Xingzi Qin
- College of Resources, Environment and Materials GuangXi University, Nanning, PR China
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21
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Maleki Shahraki Z, Mao X. Biochar application in biofiltration systems to remove nutrients, pathogens, and pharmaceutical and personal care products from wastewater. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2022; 51:129-151. [PMID: 35135036 DOI: 10.1002/jeq2.20331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although conventional on-site wastewater treatment systems (OWTSs) provide only primary treatment of domestic wastewater, removal of a limited level of nutrients (N, P), pathogens, and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) could be achieved by such a treatment process. Biochar has the capacity to remove various contaminants and has been widely used as an ideal soil amendment in agriculture due to its persistence, superior nutrient-retention properties, low cost, and ready availability. However, few applications on the use of biochar in onsite wastewater treatment have been explored. In this review, we systematically reviewed the applications of biochar in filtration-based OWTSs for nutrient (N, P) removal and recovery as well as pathogen and PPCP removal. Although adsorption was the main mechanism for P, pathogen, and PPCP removal, biochar can also serve as the growth media for enhanced biological degradation, improves available alkalinity, and increases water holding capacity in the OWTSs. The biochar source, surface modification methods, and preparation procedures (e.g., pyrolysis temperature change) have significant effects on contaminant removal performance in biochar-amended OWTSs. Specifically, contradictory results have been reported on the effect of pyrolysis temperature change on biochar removal performance (i.e., increased, decreased, or no change) of N, P, and PPCPs. Wastewater composition and environmental pH also play important roles in the removal of nutrients, pathogens, and PPCPs. Overall, biochar holds great potential to serve as an alternative filtration material or to be amended to the current OWTS to improve system performance in removing a variety of contaminants at low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Maleki Shahraki
- Dep. of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Stony Brook Univ., Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
- New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Xinwei Mao
- Dep. of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Stony Brook Univ., Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
- New York State Center for Clean Water Technology, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
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22
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Chand N, Kumar K, Suthar S. Enhanced wastewater nutrients removal in vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland: Effect of biochar addition and tidal flow operation. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131742. [PMID: 34352544 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved oxygen (DO) and carbon stock in substrate medium play a vital role in the nutrient removal mechanism in a constructed wetland (CW). This study compiles the results of dynamics of DO, ammonium N (NH4+-N), nitrate (NO3-N), sulfate (SO4-2), phosphate (PO4-3), chemical oxygen demand (COD), in three setups of vertical-flow constructed wetlands (TFCWs) (SB: substrate + biochar; SBP: substrate + biochar + Colocasia esculenta plantation; SP: substrate + Colocasia esculenta (SP), operated with tidal flow cycles. Experimental analyses illustrated the continuous high DO level (2.743-5.66 mg L-1) in SB and SBP after the I and II cycle of tidal flow (72 h flooding and 24 h dry phase). COD reduction efficiencies increased from 15.75 - 61.86% to 48.55-96.80% after tidal operation among operating TFCWs. N (NH4+-N) and N (NO3-N) removal were found to be 88.16%, and 76.02%; 49.32, and 57.85%; and 40.23%, and 48.94 % in SBP, SP and SB, respectively. The theory of improved nitrification and adsorption through biochar amended substratum was proposed for TFCW systems. PO4-3 and SO4-2 removal improved from 22.63 to 80.50%, and 19.69 to 75.20%, respectively after first tidal operation in all TFCWs. The microbial inhabitation on porous biochar could promote the transformation of available P into microbial biomass and also helped by the plant uptake process while SO4-2 reduction in TFCWs could be mainly due to sulfate-reducing bacterial activity and nitrate reduction process, mainly facilitated by high DO and biochar addition in such setups. The study suggests that effluent re-circulation through tidal operation and biochar supplementation in the substratum could be an effective mechanism for the improvement of the working efficiencies of CWs operated with low energy input systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Chand
- Environmental Engineering Research Group, National Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110040, India
| | - Kapil Kumar
- Environmental Engineering Research Group, National Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110040, India
| | - Surindra Suthar
- School of Environment & Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun, 248001, Uttarakhand, India.
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23
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Zhang J, Ling J, Zhou W, Zhang W, Yang F, Wei Z, Yang Q, Zhang Y, Dong J. Biochar Addition Altered Bacterial Community and Improved Photosynthetic Rate of Seagrass: A Mesocosm Study of Seagrass Thalassia hemprichii. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:783334. [PMID: 34925287 PMCID: PMC8678274 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.783334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seagrass meadows, as typical “blue carbon” ecosystems, play critical ecological roles in the marine ecosystem and decline every year. The application of biochar in soil has been proposed as a potential soil amendment to improve soil quality and mitigate global climate change. The effects of biochar on soil bacterial activities are integrally linked to the potential of biochar in achieving these benefits. However, biochar has been rarely applied in marine ecosystems. Whether the application of biochar could work on the seagrass ecosystem remained unknown. In this study, we investigated the responses of sediment and rhizosphere bacterial communities of seagrass Thalassia hemprichii to the biochar addition derived from maize at ratios of 5% by dry weight in the soil during a one-month incubation. Results indicated that the biochar addition significantly changed the sedimental environment with increasing pH, total phosphorus, and total kalium while total nitrogen decreased. Biochar addition significantly altered both the rhizosphere and sediment bacterial community compositions. The significant changes in rhizosphere bacterial community composition occurred after 30days of incubation, while the significant variations in sediment bacterial community composition distinctly delayed than in sediment occurred on the 14th day. Biochar application improved nitrification and denitrification, which may accelerate nitrogen cycling. As a stabilizer to communities, biochar addition decreased the importance of deterministic selection in sediment and changed the bacterial co-occurrence pattern. The biochar addition may promote seagrass photosynthesis and growth by altering the bacterial community compositions and improving nutrient circulation in the seagrass ecosystem, contributing to the seagrass health improvement. This study provided a theoretical basis for applying biochar to the seagrass ecosystem and shed light on the feasible application of biochar in the marine ecosystem. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Ling
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya National Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Weiguo Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhangliang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingsong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya National Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junde Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Sanya Institute of Oceanology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Sanya National Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Tropical Marine Biological Research Station in Hainan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sanya, China
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Abstract
This study evaluated the efficiency of two biofilter systems, with and without biochar chambers installed, at degrading and removing HCH and its isomers in natural drainage water. The biochar biofilter proved to be 96% efficient at cleaning HCH and its transformation products from drainage water, a significant improvement over classic biofilter that remove, on average, 68% of HCH. Although iron- and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, such as Gallionella and Sulfuricurvum, were dominant in the biochar bed outflows, they were absent in sediments, which were rich in Simplicispira, Rhodoluna, Rhodoferax, and Flavobacterium. The presence of functional genes involved in the biodegradation of HCH isomers and their byproducts was confirmed in both systems. The high effectiveness of the biochar biofilter displayed in this study should further encourage the use of biochar in water treatment solutions, e.g., for temporary water purification installations during the construction of other long-term wastewater treatment technologies, or even as final solutions at contaminated sites.
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25
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Song Z, Su X, Li P, Sun F, Dong W, Zhao Z, Wen Z, Liao R. Facial fabricated biocompatible homogeneous biocarriers involving biochar to enhance denitrification performance in an anoxic moving bed biofilm reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125866. [PMID: 34523551 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar prepared from pineapple peel was facially combined with polyurethane sponges for the first time to form homogeneous biocompatible biocarriers, which can enhance denitrification performance in an anoxic MBBR. The experiments showed that a higher NO3--N removal efficiency (96.24 ± 1.3%) and kinetic constant (0.26 h-1) were obtained in the MBBR employing these new biocarriers (B-MBBR), compared with a control MBBR with polyurethane sponges (C-MBBR). The attached and suspended biomass of the B-MBBR was increased by 47% and 26%, respectively. Biochar significantly enhanced the abundance of functional bacteria in terms of promoting biofilm (i.e., Leptonema), denitrifying bacteria (i.e., Thauera, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas) and electroactive bacteria (i.e., Geobacter) in the B-MBBR. Meanwhile, based on the content of coenzyme I (NADH) and denitrifying enzymes, biochar would also enhance electron transport activity for denitrification. Consequently, these facial prepared biocarriers are effective to enhance denitrification performance in MBBR with application significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Song
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoli Su
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Pu Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feiyun Sun
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Wenyi Dong
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zilong Zhao
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zheng Wen
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Runfeng Liao
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, Department of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin 300384, China
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26
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Dang C, Liu S, Chen Q, Sun W, Zhong H, Hu J, Liang E, Ni J. Response of microbial nitrogen transformation processes to antibiotic stress in a drinking water reservoir. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 797:149119. [PMID: 34303244 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Effects of antibiotics on microbial nitrogen transformation processes in natural aquatic ecosystems are largely unknown. In this study, we utilized the 15N stable isotope tracers and metagenomic sequencing to identify how antibiotics drive nitrogen transformation processes in Danjiangkou Reservoir, which is the largest artificial drinking water reservoir in China. We retrieved 51 nitrogen functional genes, and found that the highest abundances of nitrate reduction and denitrification-related genes occurred in dissimilatory nitrogen transformation pathways. 15N-labelling analysis substantiated that denitrification was the main pathway for nitrogen removal, accounting for 57.1% of nitrogen loss. Nitrogen functional genes and antibiotic resistance genes co-occurred in Danjiangkou Reservoir, and they were mainly carried by the denitrifying bacteria such as Rhodoferax, Polaromonas, Limnohabitans, Pararheinheimera, Desulfobulbus, and Pseudopelobacter. Genome annotation revealed that antibiotic deactivation, Resistance-Nodulation-Division and facilitator superfamily efflux pumps were responsible for the multiple-resistance to antibiotics in these bacteria. Moreover, antibiotics showed non-significant effects on nitrogen transformation processes. It is speculated that denitrifying bacteria harboring ARGs played crucial roles in protecting nitrogen transformation from low-level antibiotics stress in the reservoir. Our results highlight that denitrifying bacteria are important hosts of ARGs, which provides a novel perspective for evaluating the effects of antibiotics on nitrogen cycle in natural aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyuan Dang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shufeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Materials Flux in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Materials Flux in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Weiling Sun
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Materials Flux in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haohui Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Materials Flux in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jinyun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Materials Flux in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Enhang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Materials Flux in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jinren Ni
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Materials Flux in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China
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27
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Liao Y, Li S, Zhu X, Dang Z, Tang S, Ji G. The promotion and inhibition effect of graphene oxide on the process of microbial denitrification at low temperature. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125636. [PMID: 34315127 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study found that graphene oxide (GO) improved microbial denitrification at low temperatures (~12 °C), and the optimal concentration was 10 mg/L as the removal rate of NO3-N increased by 17%. At the optimal concentration, GO improved the electron transport system activity of the microbes and enhanced the activity of nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase while exhibited low microbial toxicity. The addition of GO increased the content of tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). The results of fluorescence spectrometer indicated that GO accelerated the renewal of bound EPS (B-EPS). Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results showed that GO affected the secondary structure of the protein in B-EPS, making B-EPS more hydrophobic and promoting microbial aggregation. B-EPS affected by GO can promote the electron transfer process of microorganisms. However, high concentration (>25 mg/L) of GO may inhibit denitrification by competing for electrons, which was not conducive to denitrification thermodynamically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinhao Liao
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shengjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xianfang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhengzhu Dang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuangyu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guodong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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28
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Liu Y, Chen H, Zhao L, Li Z, Yi X, Guo T, Cao X. Enhanced trichloroethylene biodegradation: Roles of biochar-microbial collaboration beyond adsorption. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 792:148451. [PMID: 34157525 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a pollutant widely found in groundwater, especially in the heavily contaminated industrial sites. Biological dechlorination method is environmentally friendly and low-cost. However, microorganisms grow slowly and their activity is susceptible to environmental fluctuations. This study used biochar as an additive to promote anaerobic biodegradation of TCE with mixed culture. Results showed that biochar with dose of 0.1-0.4% (w/v) brought a rapid initial decrease of TCE concentration by 39.4-88.8% in 24 h via adsorption mechanism. Biochar produced at 500 °C pyrolysis temperature (BC500) achieved the highest TCE adsorption in comparison to BC300 and BC700. Subsequently, a significantly shortened microbial stagnation phase (from 85 h to 37 h) was observed in the system with the presence of biochar. During the exponential growth phase, BC700 outperformed BC300 and BC500 in terms of TCE degradation efficiency. Electrochemical analysis demonstrated that BC700 possessed the greatest electron transfer capability. Finally, biochar shortened the time for achieving 100% removal of TCE by 54.5-69.7% (from approximate 330 h to 100-150 h). Even at high concentration of TCE (20-30 mg·L-1) that could lead to serious microbial growth inhibition, the TCE degradation efficiency could be recovered in the presence of BC500. The high-throughput sequencing data revealed that biochar promoted the relative abundance of co-metabolizing dechlorinating microorganisms (Pseudomonas, Burkholderia) in the aqueous solution, and simultaneously led to the selective colonization of reductive dechlorinating microorganisms (Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridium) attached on biochar surface. On the other hand, biochar addition decreased the relative abundance of hydrogen-competing microorganisms, thereby forming an efficient co-metabolism-reductive dechlorination system. These findings allow a better understanding of the promotion mechanism of biochar for microbial dechlorination technology supporting the biochar-assisted bioremediation in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Zhaopeng Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xionghai Yi
- Shanghai Customs District P. R. China, Minsheng Road No. 1208, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Tianbao Guo
- Hebei Xiongan Mairong Environmental Protection Co. Ltd, Xiongan 071000, China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China
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Feng L, He S, Wei L, Zhang J, Wu H. Impacts of aeration and biochar on physiological characteristics of plants and microbial communities and metabolites in constructed wetland microcosms for treating swine wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 200:111415. [PMID: 34087189 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) by modifying operation strategies or substrates have grown in popularity in recent years for improving the treatment capacity. However, few studies focused on the responses of wetland vegetation and associated microorganisms in CWs for treating high-strength wastewaters. This study evaluated the long-term responses of plants and microbes in CWs with biochar and intermittent aeration for treating real swine wastewater. The results showed that intermittent aeration or combined with biochar could decrease the stress response of wetland plants against the swine wastewater. Biochar addition promoted the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS, total 516.27 mg L-1) mainly including protein-like, humic-like and tryptophan-like components. However, intermittent aeration resulted in the EPS reduction (99.24 mg L-1). As for microbial communities, biochar addition supported rich and diverse microbial communities (652 OTUs), while the combination with biochar and aeration could not improve diversity of microbes (597 OTUs). Additionally, the combination altered the microbial community structures and changed microbial composition correlated with environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Likui Feng
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Shufei He
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Liangliang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Haiming Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
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30
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Chen J, Deng S, Jia W, Li X, Chang J. Removal of multiple heavy metals from mining-impacted water by biochar-filled constructed wetlands: Adsorption and biotic removal routes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 331:125061. [PMID: 33823487 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Granular biochar made from walnut shells was layered into sand-based constructed wetlands (CWs) to treat simulated mining-impacted water (MIW). The results showed that the biochar media exhibited markedly high capacities for metal binding and acidity neutralization, supported notably better plant growth and mitigated metal transfer from the plant roots to the shoots. The addition of organic liquid wastes (domestic sewage and plant straw hydrolysation broth) stimulated biogenic sulfate reduction after 40 d of adaptation to effectively remove multiple heavy metals in the MIW. The microbial community compositions were prominently regulated by organic carbon, with desirable communities dominated by Cellulomonas and Desulfobulbus formed in the CWs for MIW biotreatment. The role of macrophytes in the CWs in MIW treatment was insignificant and was dependent on operation conditions and metal species. A biochar-packed CW system with liquid organic waste supplementation was effective in metal removal and acidity neutralization of MIW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinquan Chen
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shengjiong Deng
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Wei Jia
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; China Machinery International Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd, Changsha 410007, China
| | - Xuan Li
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Junjun Chang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
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31
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Li J, Zheng L, Ye C, Ni B, Wang X, Liu H. Evaluation of an intermittent-aeration constructed wetland for removing residual organics and nutrients from secondary effluent: Performance and microbial analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 329:124897. [PMID: 33657501 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed a novel intermittent-aeration constructed wetland (CW) to resolve the vertical loss of oxygen in tertiary treatment. Compared to the non-aeration CW, the intermittent-aeration CW presented a better removal performance (90.8% chemical oxygen demand, 94.3% ammonia nitrogen, 91.5% total nitrogen and 94.1% total phosphorus) at a dissolved oxygen of 3 mg L-1 and hydraulic retention time of 2 days. It was mainly attributed to the higher abundance and greater diversity of bacterial community due to the oxygen supply. High-throughput sequencing indicated that high abundance of phyla Proteobacteria (35.34%) and Bacteroidetes (18.20%) in intermittent-aeration CW were responsible for simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Besides, the dominant families Burkholderiaceae (11.16%), Microtrichales (6.88%) and Saprospiraceae (6.50%) were also detected, which was vital to hydrolyze and utilize complex organic matters. In general, oxygen supply upregulated the metabolism pathways of amino acid and carbohydrate, bringing a greater biodegradation potential for removing contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, PR China; Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, PR China; Research Center for Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi 653100, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, PR China; Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Changbing Ye
- Research Center for Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi 653100, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Baosen Ni
- Research Center for Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi 653100, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Xingzhu Wang
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, PR China
| | - Hong Liu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, PR China.
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Odedishemi Ajibade F, Wang HC, Guadie A, Fausat Ajibade T, Fang YK, Muhammad Adeel Sharif H, Liu WZ, Wang AJ. Total nitrogen removal in biochar amended non-aerated vertical flow constructed wetlands for secondary wastewater effluent with low C/N ratio: Microbial community structure and dissolved organic carbon release conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 322:124430. [PMID: 33383476 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar was utilized to intensify constructed wetland (CW) for further organic and nitrogen removal from secondary wastewater. Four sets of non-aerated biochar amended vertical flow CW (VFCW) were developed to investigate the synergistic effects of biochar and microbes on pollutant removal. Results showed that the average COD and nitrogen removal efficiencies of VFCW1 (with 1% w/w biochar with microbe and plants) achieved 89.1 ± 5.6% and 90.2 ± 3.1% respectively, and their corresponding removal rates of 10.2 ± 0.8 mg-COD/(m3.d) and 3.57 ± 0.3 mg-TN/(m3.d) which were 35 and 52.3% higher than control. The biochar's dissolved organic carbon release in VFCWs indicated that water and acidic media portray the optimum conditions for nitrogen removal. The 16S RNA gene sequencing analysis indicated that in the biochar-amended VFCWs, bacterial phylum Proteobacteria (24.13-51.95%) followed by Chloroflexi (5.64-25.01%), Planctomycetes (8.48-14.43%), Acidobacteria (2.29-11.65%) were abundantly enhanced. Conclusively, incorporating biochar in non-aerated VFCWs is an efficient technique for enhancing nitrogen removal from secondary effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidelis Odedishemi Ajibade
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, PMB 704, Nigeria
| | - Hong-Cheng Wang
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Awoke Guadie
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch 21, Ethiopia
| | - Temitope Fausat Ajibade
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology Akure, PMB 704, Nigeria; Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Ying-Ke Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Adeel Sharif
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China
| | - Wen-Zong Liu
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Ai-Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, PR China; School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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33
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Tang S, Liao Y, Xu Y, Dang Z, Zhu X, Ji G. Microbial coupling mechanisms of nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 314:123759. [PMID: 32654809 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen removal through microorganisms is the most important pathway in constructed wetlands (CWs). In this review, we summarize the microbial coupling mechanisms of nitrogen removal, which are the common methods of nitrogen transformation. The electron pathways are shortened and consumption of oxygen and energy is reduced during the coupling of nitrogen transformation functional microorganisms. The highly efficient nitrogen removal mechanisms are cultivated from the design conditions in CWs, such as intermittent aeration and tidal flow. The coupling of microorganisms and substrates enhances nitrogen removal mainly by supplying electrons, and plants affect nitrogen transformation functional microorganisms by the release of oxygen and exudates from root systems as well as providing carriers for microbial attachment. In addition, inorganic elements such as Fe, S and H act as electron donors to drive the autotrophic denitrification process in CWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yinhao Liao
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yichan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhengzhu Dang
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xianfang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guodong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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34
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Huang Z, Kong F, Li Y, Xu G, Yuan R, Wang S. Advanced treatment of effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plant by strengthened ecological floating bed. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 309:123358. [PMID: 32315916 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The performance of eological floating bed (EFB) with novel carbon source (CS) and reed biochar substrate (RBS) derived from reed straw (RS) was evaluated for the advanced treatment of effluent from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The average carbon releasing capacity of CS was 4.50 mg/g, and the P adsorption capacity of RBS was 0.39 mg/g. The additional CS and RBS increased the average removal efficiencies of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) by 57.6% and 46.7%, respectively. Furthermore, the high-throughput sequencing results revealed significantly different microbial species richness and diversity due to the CS and RBS. Some genera related to nitrogen removal, such as Pseudomonas, Rhodobacter, Hydrogenophaga, Bradyrhizobium, Acinetobacter and Thiobacillus, were enriched in the EFB with CS and RBS. This study provided a suitable method for effectively treating low C/N wastewater such as WWTPs effluent using EFB strengthened by processed wetland plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijin Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fanlong Kong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Guangming Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Ruoyu Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Sen Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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35
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Yuan Y, Yang B, Wang H, Lai X, Li F, Salam MMA, Pan F, Zhao Y. The simultaneous antibiotics and nitrogen removal in vertical flow constructed wetlands: Effects of substrates and responses of microbial functions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 310:123419. [PMID: 32361200 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCW) packed with the different substrates was designed to remediate the antibiotics in the wastewater. Zeolite (CW-Z) paralleled with Manganese (Mn) ore (CW-M) and biochar (CW-C) were used to enhance the synchronous removal of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIPH), sulfamethazine (SMZ) and nitrogen (N) from the wastewater. The result indicated that CW-M had a significant potential to remove CIPH (93%), SMZ (69%), TN (71%), NH4+-N (94%) and NO3--N (94%) across all the treatments. The abundance of amoA, nirK and nirS genes are dramatically higher in CW-M and CW-C, while CW-C inhibited the production of quinolone resistance genes. Results showed that different substrates could affect the microbial diversity and structure. The addition of Mn ore to the water led to an improved abundance of nitrogen-related phyla. Overall, Mn ore has a considerable potential to simultaneously remove antibiotics and N in VFCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingrui Yuan
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Baoshan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Xiaoshuang Lai
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Feng Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Mir Md Abdus Salam
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7, P.O. Box 111, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Fuxia Pan
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan, Shandong 250102, China
| | - Yuqiang Zhao
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan, Shandong 250102, China
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36
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Liang Y, Wang Q, Huang L, Liu M, Wang N, Chen Y. Insight into the mechanisms of biochar addition on pollutant removal enhancement and nitrous oxide emission reduction in subsurface flow constructed wetlands: Microbial community structure, functional genes and enzyme activity. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 307:123249. [PMID: 32244072 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A set of constructed wetlands (CWs) under different biochar addition ratios (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) was established to analyze the pollutant removal performance enhancement and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission reduction from various angles, including microbial community structure, functional genes and enzyme activity. Results revealed that the average removal efficiencies of ammonium (NH4+-N) and total nitrogen (TN) were improved by 2.6%-5.2% and 2.5%-7.0%. Meanwhile, N2O emissions were reduced by 56.0%-67.5% after biochar addition. Increased nitrogen removal efficiency and decreased N2O emissions resulted from the increase of biochar addition ratio. Biochar addition changed the microbial community diversity and similarity. The relative abundance of functional microorganisms such as Nitrosomonas, Nitrospira, Thauera and Pseudomonas, increased due to biochar addition, which promoted the nitrogen cycle and N2O emission reduction. High gene copy number and enzyme activity involved in nitrification and denitrification process were obtained in biochar CWs, moderating N2O emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinkun Liang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Lei Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China.
| | - Maolin Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China
| | - Yucheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment (Ministry of Education), College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, PR China
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37
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Wang X, Guo Z, Hu Z, Zhang J. Recent advances in biochar application for water and wastewater treatment: a review. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9164. [PMID: 32477836 PMCID: PMC7243815 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, researchers have carried out a massive amount of research on the application of biochar for contaminants removal from aqueous solutions. As an emerging sorbent with great potential, biochar has shown significant advantages such as the broad sources of feedstocks, easy preparation process, and favorable surface and structural properties. This review provides an overview of recent advances in biochar application in water and wastewater treatment, including a brief discussion of the involved sorption mechanisms of contaminants removal, as well as the biochar modification methods. Furthermore, environmental concerns of biochar that need to be paid attention to and future research directions are put forward to promote the further application of biochar in practical water and wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R.China
| | - Zizhang Guo
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R.China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R.China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, P.R.China
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38
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Guo F, Zhang J, Yang X, He Q, Ao L, Chen Y. Impact of biochar on greenhouse gas emissions from constructed wetlands under various influent chemical oxygen demand to nitrogen ratios. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 303:122908. [PMID: 32028219 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is widely used for nutrient removal in constructed wetlands (CWs); however, its influence on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from CWs remains unclear. Here, biochar was used to mitigate the global warming potential (GWP) from CWs and promote the removal of contaminants from simulated domestic wastewater under different influent chemical oxygen demand to nitrogen ratios (COD/N = 3, 6, 9, 12). Results demonstrated that biochar could improve the removal of COD, NH4+- N, and TN. The average N2O and CO2 fluxes were significantly lower and CH4 fluxes were higher in biochar-added CWs than those in none-biochar CWs. Biochar reduced GWP values of N2O and CH4 from 18.5% to 24.0%. N2O fluxes and GWP decreased, while CH4 and CO2 fluxes increased as COD/N ratios increased. Additionally, biochar increased the abundance of Geobacter and denitrifiers such as Hydrogenophaga. Overall, biochar could not only promote the removal of nutrients but also mitigate GWP in CWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fucheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Junmao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xiangyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Lianggen Ao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; Chongqing Municipal Institute of Municipal Design and Research, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
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Gao S, Wang D, Dangi SR, Duan Y, Pflaum T, Gartung J, Qin R, Turini T. Nitrogen dynamics affected by biochar and irrigation level in an onion field. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 714:136432. [PMID: 31986380 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soil amended with biochar has many potential environmental benefits, but its influence on the fate of nitrogen (N) under irrigated conditions is unclear. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of biochar and interactions with irrigation on N movement in soil, gas emissions, and leaching. A three-year study was conducted in an onion field with three main irrigation treatments (50, 75, and 100% of a reference that provided sufficient water for plant growth) and three biochar amendment rates (0 or control, low char - applied first year at 29 Mg ha-1, and high char - added both first and second year for a total 58 Mg ha-1) as sub-treatments in a split-plot design. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied three times during first year growing season, but weekly the second year. Ammonia (NH3) volatilization, nitrous oxide (N2O) emission, and nitrate (NO3-) in soil pore water were monitored during growing season, and annual N (total and NO3-) changes in soil profile were determined for first two years. Nitrate leaching was measured in the third year. Ammonia volatilization was affected by fertilization frequency with higher loss (5-8% of total applied) when fertilizer was applied in large doses during the first year compared to the second year (4-5%). Nitrous oxide emissions were ≤0.1% of applied N for both years and not affected by any treatments or fertilization frequency. Nitrate concentration in soil profile increased significantly as irrigation level dropped, but most of the NO3- was leached by winter rain. There was no significant biochar effect on total N gas emissions or soil NO3- accumulation, but significant irrigation effect and interaction with biochar were determined on soil NO3- accumulation. High leaching was associated with biochar amendment and higher irrigation level. Irrigation strategies are the key to improving N management and developing the best practices associated with biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suduan Gao
- USDA-ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 South Riverbend Ave., Parlier, CA 93648, United States of America.
| | - Dong Wang
- USDA-ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 South Riverbend Ave., Parlier, CA 93648, United States of America
| | - Sadikshya R Dangi
- USDA-ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 South Riverbend Ave., Parlier, CA 93648, United States of America
| | - Yinghua Duan
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tom Pflaum
- USDA-ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 South Riverbend Ave., Parlier, CA 93648, United States of America
| | - Jim Gartung
- USDA-ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 South Riverbend Ave., Parlier, CA 93648, United States of America
| | - Ruijun Qin
- Oregon State University, Hermiston Agricultural Research & Extension Center, Hermiston, OR 97838, United States of America
| | - Thomas Turini
- UCNAR, University of California Cooperative Extension, Fresno County, CA 93710, United States of America
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Ji B, Chen J, Mei J, Chang J, Li X, Jia W, Qu Y. Roles of biochar media and oxygen supply strategies in treatment performance, greenhouse gas emissions, and bacterial community features of subsurface-flow constructed wetlands. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 302:122890. [PMID: 32014728 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biochar-based subsurface-flow constructed wetlands (CWs) with intermittent aeration (IA) or tidal flow (TF) oxygen supply strategies were established to treat domestic wastewater. The results showed that biochar achieved higher nutrient removal and lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions than ceramsite while supporting more diverse bacterial communities and higher abundances of functional taxa. Both IA and TF effectively enhanced nutrient removal, though the latter was more efficient and practical, and aeration conditions greatly influenced nutrient removal efficiency. GHG emissions were decreased by IA but were slightly increased by TF. Both oxygen supply methods significantly shaped the biofilm microbial communities and influenced biodiversity and richness, with observably higher proportions of potential nitrifiers and denitrifiers present in aerated CWs. Overall, biochar-based CWs operated with oxygen supply strategies provide superior treatment of decentralized wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohua Ji
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jinquan Chen
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jian Mei
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Junjun Chang
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Xuan Li
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Ying Qu
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
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