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Beheshti S, Motavalizadehkakhky A, Zhiani R, Nouri SMM, Zahedi E. Palladium doped PDA-coated hercynite as a highly efficient catalyst for mild hydrogenation of nitroareness. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11969. [PMID: 38796550 PMCID: PMC11128024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62226-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hercynite magnetic nanoparticles were produced through the co-precipitation of ferrous and aluminum cations. The surface of hercynite was respectively coated with silica, 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine, and 1H-pyrazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid to provide a suitable substrate for Pd(II) loading, furnishing Pd@Her-TCT-PDA. Subsequently, the introduced Pd(II) was reduced to Pd(0) using NaBH4. FT-IR, EDS, XRD, TGA, TEM and SEM images were the characteristic methods to prove the success of catalyst synthesis. The SEM image illustrated the particles with a nanosize of 25-50 nm and TEM image confirmed the presence of Pd nanoparticles with sizes lower than 2 nm. EDS elemental analysis of the catalyst proved the existence of Pd, Fe, and Al atoms along with the C, O, N, and Si atoms belong to the heterocyclic moieties. VSM analysis clarified a considerable drop in the magnetic properties of the hercynite core of the final catalyst due to its modified surface. TGA curve demonstrated that Pd@Her-TCT-PDA contains 20% organic content, attributed to the anchored heterocyclic ligands. Finally, Pd@Her-TCT-PDA was employed along with NaBH4 as a catalytic system to reduce completely the nitro group of aromatic compounds to their corresponding amines. The recyclability tests showed low drop in the catalytic activity of Pd@Her-TCT-PDA after third run with negligible leaching of Pd NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaye Beheshti
- Department of Chemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Alireza Motavalizadehkakhky
- Department of Chemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran.
- Avdanced Research Center for Chemistry, Biochemistry and Nanomaterial, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran.
| | - Rahele Zhiani
- Department of Chemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
- New Materials Technology and Processing Reserearch Center, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | | | - Ehsan Zahedi
- Department of Chemistry, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
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Qin C, Wu J, Lu X, Gu C, Guo Y, Hu G, Chen M, Xia K, Wang H, Xie M. Degradation of the emerging brominated flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol S using organo-montmorillonite supported nanoscale zero-valent iron. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:33547-33560. [PMID: 38683431 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33451-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The widespread occurrence of emerging brominated flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS) has become a major environmental concern. In this study, a nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) impregnated organic montmorillonite composite (nZVI-OMT) was successfully prepared and utilized to degrade TBBPS in aqueous solution. The results show that the nZVI-OMT composite was very stable and reusable as the nZVI was well dispersed on the organic montmorillonite. Organic montmorillonite clay layers provide a strong support, facilitate well dispersion of the nZVI chains, and accelerate the overall TBBPS transformation with a degradation rate constant 5.5 times higher than that of the original nZVI. Four major intermediates, including tribromobisphenol S (tri-BBPS), dibromobisphenol S (di-BBPS), bromobisphenol S (BBPS), and bisphenol S (BPS), were detected by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), indicating sequential reductive debromination of TBBPS mediated by nZVI-OMT. The effective elimination of acute ecotoxicity predicted by toxicity analysis also suggests that the debromination process is a safe and viable option for the treatment of TBBPS. Our results have shown for the first time that TBBPS can be rapidly degraded by an nZVI-OMT composite, expanding the potential use of clay-supported nZVI composites as an environmentally friendly material for wastewater treatment and groundwater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Qin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Analysis for Organic Pollutants in Surface Water, Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Junxue Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Xinyu Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenggang Gu
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yang Guo
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Guanjiu Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Analysis for Organic Pollutants in Surface Water, Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kang Xia
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Analysis for Organic Pollutants in Surface Water, Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Mingjie Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 219 Ningliu Road, Nanjing, 210044, Jiangsu, China.
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Xue W, Chen X, Liu H, Li J, Wen S, Guo J, Shi X, Gao Y, Wang R, Xu Y. Activation of persulfate by biochar-supported sulfidized nanoscale zero-valent iron for degradation of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solution: process optimization and degradation pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:10950-10966. [PMID: 38214863 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31931-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The pollution of antibiotics, specifically ciprofloxacin (CIP), has emerged as a significant issue in the aquatic environment. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are capable of achieving stable and efficient removal of antibiotics from wastewater. In this work, biochar-supported sulfidized nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI/BC) was adopted to activate persulfate (PS) for the degradation of CIP. The impacts of different influencing factors such as S/Fe molar ratios, BC/S-nZVI mass ratios, PS concentration, S-nZVI/BC dosage, CIP concentration, initial pH, coexisting anions, and humic acid on CIP degradation efficiency were explored by batch experiments. The results demonstrated that the highest degradation ability of S-nZVI/BC was achieved when the S/Fe molar ratio was 0.07 and the BC/S-nZVI mass ratio was 1:1. Under the experimental conditions with 0.6 g/L S-nZVI/BC, 2 mmol/L PS, and 10 mg/L CIP, the degradation rate reached 97.45% after 90 min. The S-nZVI/BC + PS system showed significant degradation in the pH range from 3 to 9. The coexisting anions affected the CIP degradation efficiency in the following order: CO32- > NO3- > SO42- > Cl-. The radical quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) revealed that oxidative species, including SO4•-, HO•, •O2-, and 1O2, all contribute to the degradation of CIP, in which •O2- plays a particularly prominent role. Furthermore, the probable degradation pathway of CIP was explored according to the 12 degradation intermediates identified by LC-MS. This study provides a new idea for the activation method of PS and presents a new approach for the treatment of aqueous antibiotics with highly catalytic active nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xue
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongdou Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Wen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, 410114, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongzhong Wang
- School of Resource & Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqun Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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Xue W, Li J, Chen X, Liu H, Wen S, Shi X, Guo J, Gao Y, Xu J, Xu Y. Recent advances in sulfidized nanoscale zero-valent iron materials for environmental remediation and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:101933-101962. [PMID: 37659023 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29564-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, sulfidized nanoscale zero-valent iron (S-nZVI) has been developed as a promising tool for the remediation of contaminated soil, sediment, and water. Although most studies have focused on applying S-nZVI for clean-up purposes, there is still a lack of systematic summary and discussion from its synthesis, application, to toxicity assessment. This review firstly summarized and compared the properties of S-nZVI synthesized from one-step and two-step synthesis methods, and the modification protocols for obtaining better stability and reactivity. In the context of environmental remediation, this review outlined an update on the latest development of S-nZVI for removal of heavy metals, organic pollutants, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and also discussed the underlying removal mechanisms. Environmental factors affecting the remediation performance of S-nZVI (e.g., humic acid, coexisting ions, S/Fe molar ratio, pH, and oxygen condition) were highlighted. Besides, the application potential of S-nZVI in advanced oxidation processes (AOP), especially in activating persulfate, was also evaluated. The toxicity impacts of S-nZVI on the environmental microorganism were described. Finally, the future challenges and remaining restrains to be resolved for better applicability of S-nZVI are also proposed. This review could provide guidance for the environmental remediation with S-nZVI-based technology from theoretical basis and practical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xue
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Hongdou Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Siqi Wen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiaoyu Shi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jiaming Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, 410114, China
| | - Jian Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yiqun Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Xu Z, Gu H, Xiong M, Wang Y, Ma C, Gu S, Jin Y, Meng Y, Zhang D, Xie H, Chen W. Investigate the multipath erasure of nitrobenzene over nanoscale zero-valent-iron/N-doped biochar hybrid with extraordinary reduction performance. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114724. [PMID: 36343712 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the facile carbothermal reduction method was enforced using urea as dopant to modify the structure and chemical composition of nanoscale zero-valent-iron/biochar hybrid thereby boosting its reduction performance. Through fine-tuning the N-doped amount, the optimal nZVI/N-doped BC was obtained, which exhibited more active sites (nZVI, persistent free radicals (PFRs), pyrrolic-N) and superior electrochemical conductivity. With these blessings, the electrons originating from galvanic cell reaction could zip along the highway within the hybrid. Taking nitrobenzene (NB) as the target pollutant, the quantitative analysis revealed that the NB reduction and adsorption removal efficiency were dramatically improved by 2.42 and 2.78 times, respectively. What's more, combining the in-situ experimental detection and theoretical calculations, unexpected NB reductive multipath with respect to PFRs and pyrrolic-N accelerating the Fe3+/Fe2+ cycle within the nZVI/N-doped BC system was decoded. The enhancement of Fe3+/Fe2+ cycle improved the electron utilization efficiency and maintained the reduction reactivity of the hybrid. This work raised awareness of the mechanisms regarding the reduction performance of nZVI/N-doped BC elevated by N-doped and the pollutant reductive pathway within the system, uncovered the dusty roles of PFRs and N-species during the reduction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Xu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China.
| | - He Gu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Xiong
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Yongheng Wang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Chenyang Ma
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Siyi Gu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Ya Jin
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Yaojia Meng
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Daofang Zhang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Weifang Chen
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Rd., Shanghai, 200093, PR China.
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He K, Sun R, Yang D, Wang S, Shu J, Wan W, Pan Y, Qin F, He F, Liang L. Effect of sulfidation on nitrobenzene removal from groundwater by microscale zero-valent iron: Insights into reactivity, reaction sites and removal pathways. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136819. [PMID: 36241117 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
While it has been recognized that sulfidation can effectively improve the reactivity of microscale zero valent iron (mZVI), there is limited understanding of nitrobenzene (ArNO2) removal by sulfidated mZVI. To understand the reduction capacity and pathway of ArNO2 by sulfidated mZVI, ball-milling sulfidated mZVI (S-mZVIbm) with different S/Fe molar ratios (0-0.2) was used to conduct this experiment. The results showed that sulfidation could efficiently enhance ArNO2 removal under iron-limited and iron excess conditions, which was attributed to the presence of FeSx sites that could provide higher Fe(0) utilization efficiency and stronger passivation resisting for S-mZVIbm. The optimum ArNO2 reduction could be obtained by S-mZVIbm with S/Fe molar ratio at 0.1, which could completely transform ArNO2 to aniline (ArNH2) with a rate constant of 4.36 × 10-2 min-1 during 120-min reaction. FeSx phase could act as electron transfer sites for ArNO2 reduction and it could still be reserved in S-mZVIbm after reduction reaction. The product distribution indicated that sulfidation did not change the types of reduction products, while the removal of ArNO2 by S-mZVIbm was a step-by-step reduction progress along with the adsorption of ArNH2. In addition, a faster reduction of ArNO2 in groundwater/soil system further demonstrated the feasibility of S-mZVIbm in the real field remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai He
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Rui Sun
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Dezhi Yang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Shuchen Wang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Junjie Shu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Wubo Wan
- Marine Food Engineering Technology Research Center of Hainan, Province, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, No.1 Yucai Road, Sanya, 572022, China
| | - Ying Pan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Fengyang Qin
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Feng He
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Liyuan Liang
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, United States
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Xia Y, Jiang X, Wang Y, Huang Q, Chen D, Hou C, Mu Y, Shen J. Enhanced anaerobic reduction of nitrobenzene at high salinity by betaine acting as osmoprotectant and regulator of metabolism. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 223:118982. [PMID: 36058098 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic technology is extensively applied in the treatment of industrial organic wastewater, but high salinity always triggers microbial cell dehydration, causing the failure of the anaerobic process. In this work, betaine, one kind of compatible solutes which could balance the osmotic pressure of anaerobic biomass, was exogenously added for enhancing the anaerobic reduction of nitrobenzene (NB) at high salinity. Only 100 mg L-1 betaine dosing could significantly promote the removal efficiency of NB within 35 h at 9% salinity (36.92 ± 4.02% without betaine and 72.94 ± 6.57% with betaine). The relieving effects on salt stress could be observed in the promotion of more extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion with betaine addition. Additionally, the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), as well as the electron transfer system (ETS) value, was increased with betaine addition, which was reflected in the improvement of system removal efficiency and enzyme activity. Microbial community analysis demonstrated that Bacillus and Clostridiisalibacter which were positively correlated with the stability of the anaerobic process were enriched with betaine addition at high salinity. Metagenomic analysis speculated that the encoding genes for salt tolerance (kdpB/oadA/betA/opuD/epsP/epsH) and NB degradation (nfsA/wrbA/ccdA/menC) obtained higher relative abundance with betaine addition under high salt environment, which might be the key to improving salt tolerance of anaerobic biomass. The long-term assessment demonstrated that exogenous addition betaine played an important role in maintaining the stability of the anaerobic system, which would be a potential strategy to achieve a high-efficiency anaerobic process under high salinity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Xinbai Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Qian Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Cheng Hou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Yang Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jinyou Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
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An S, Shang N, Zhang J, Nsabimana A, Su M, Zhang S, Zhang Y. Fabrication of electrocatalytically active, cobalt-embedded nitrogen-doped ordered macroporous carbon for sensitive detection of nitrobenzene. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhao R, Cao X, Li T, Cui X, Cui Z. Co-Removal Effect and Mechanism of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) by Biochar-Supported Sulfide-Modified Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron in a Binary System. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27154742. [PMID: 35897924 PMCID: PMC9331559 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the co-removal effect and mechanism of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) with an optimized synthetic material. The toxicity and accumulation characteristics of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) encountered in wastewater treatment areas present significant challenges. In this work, a rational assembly of sulfide-modified nanoscale zero-valent iron (SnZVI) was introduced into a biochar (BC), and a Cr(VI)–Cd(II) binary system adsorbent with high efficiency was synthesized. When the preparation temperature of the BC was 600 °C, the molar ratio of S/Fe was 0.3, the mass ratio of BC/SnZVI was 1, and the best adsorption capacities of BC-SnZVI for Cr(VI) and Cd(II) in the binary system were 58.87 mg/g and 32.55 mg/g, respectively. In addition, the adsorption mechanism of BC-SnZVI on the Cr(VI)-Cd(II) binary system was revealed in depth by co-removal experiments, indicating that the coexistence of Cd(II) could promote the removal of Cr(VI) by 9.20%, while the coexistence of Cr(VI) could inhibit the removal of Cd(II) by 43.47%. This work provides a new pathway for the adsorption of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) in binary systems, suggesting that BC-SnZVI shows great potential for the co-removal of Cr(VI) and Cd(II) in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Jimo District, Qingdao 266237, China; (R.Z.); (X.C.); (T.L.)
| | - Xiufeng Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Jimo District, Qingdao 266237, China; (R.Z.); (X.C.); (T.L.)
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, 1000 Fengming Road, Lingang Development Zone, Jinan 250101, China;
| | - Tao Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Jimo District, Qingdao 266237, China; (R.Z.); (X.C.); (T.L.)
| | - Xiaowei Cui
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, 1000 Fengming Road, Lingang Development Zone, Jinan 250101, China;
| | - Zhaojie Cui
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Jimo District, Qingdao 266237, China; (R.Z.); (X.C.); (T.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Kaushik B, Rana P, Solanki K, Rawat D, Yadav S, Rana P, Naikwadi DR, Biradar AV, Sharma R. In-situ Synthesis of 3-D Hierarchical ZnFe2O4 modified Cu2S snowflakes: Exploring their bifunctionality in Selective Photocatalytic Reduction of Nitroarenes and Methyl Orange Degradation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Gao F, Ahmad S, Tang J, Zhang C, Li S, Yu C, Liu Q, Sun H. Enhanced nitrobenzene removal in soil by biochar supported sulfidated nano zerovalent iron: Solubilization effect and mechanism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:153960. [PMID: 35192830 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sulfidated nano zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) is reported to be effective in removal of aqueous organic contaminants. However, little is known about its potential use in reductive degradation of soil-sorbed contaminants. In this study, biochar (BC) supported S-nZVI (S-nZVI@BC) was successfully synthesized through sulfidation and carbon loading modification, which effectively combined the solubilization characteristics of BC and high reduction characteristics of S-nZVI. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis suggested that sulfur and iron were evenly distributed throughout BC matrix. The degradation of nitrobenzene (NB) in soil was achieved more efficiently with the as-synthesized S-nZVI@BC composites. Results indicated that S-nZVI@BC with S-nZVI/BC mass ratio of 3:1, dosage of 10 mg/g exhibited superior NB removal (98%) and aniline (AN) formation (90%) efficiency within 24 h without formation of other intermediates, higher than those of S-nZVI. Meanwhile, the surface FeSX layer enhanced the antioxidant capacity of S-nZVI@BC and participated in the reduction of NB. The soil-sorbed NB decreased from 14% to 1.4%, indicating that the addition of BC played an important role in solubilization of NB from soil. Solubilization-reduction was the dominant mechanism for NB removal. This research indicated that S-nZVI@BC held the potential to enhance in-situ remediation of NB-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Chengfang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Song Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qinglong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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12
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Liu Y, Chen Y, Li Y, Chen L, Jiang H, Li H, Luo X, Tang P, Yan H, Zhao M, Yuan Y, Hou S. Fabrication, application, and mechanism of metal and heteroatom co-doped biochar composites (MHBCs) for the removal of contaminants in water: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128584. [PMID: 35359100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The potential risk of various contaminants in water has recently attracted public attention. Biochars and modified biochars have been widely developed for environmental remediation. Metal and heteroatom co-doped biochar composites (MHBCs) quickly caught the interest of researchers with more active sites and higher affinity for contaminants compared to single-doped biochar by metal or heteroatoms. This study provides a comprehensive review of MHBCs in wastewater decontamination. Firstly, the main fabrication methods of MHBCs were external doping and internal doping, with external doping being the most common. Secondly, the applications of MHBCs as adsorbents and catalysts in water treatment were introduced emphatically, which mainly included the removal of metals, antibiotics, dyes, pesticides, phenols, and other organic contaminants. Thirdly, the removal mechanisms of contaminants by MHBCs were deeply discussed in adsorption, oxidation and reduction, and degradation. Furthermore, the influencing factors for the removal of contaminants by MHBCs were also summarized, including the physicochemical properties of MHBCs, and environmental variables of pH and co-existing substance. Finally, futural challenges of MHBCs are proposed in the leaching toxicity of metal from MHBCs, the choice of heteroatoms on the fabrication for MHBCs, and the application in the composite system and soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihuan Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yaoning Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Yuanping Li
- College of Municipal and Mapping Engineering, Hunan City University, Yiyang, Hunan 413000, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hongjuan Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource and Institute of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xinli Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ping Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Haoqin Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Mengyang Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Suzhen Hou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China
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13
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Yin Q, Liu M, Li Y. Desorption characteristics of phosphate and ammonium from sludge-based biochar. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:1892-1902. [PMID: 33251969 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1858179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is effective to adsorb phosphate and ammonium from water by sludge-based biochar, while the desorption performance has not been studied systematically. Biochar in this study was prepared through the co-pyrolysis of sludge and walnut shells to remove NH4+ and PO43- from water. The desorption characteristics of NH4+ and PO43- from the post-adsorption sludge-based biochar were investigated. The effects of the adsorption condition (concentration of adsorption solution) and desorption conditions (pH value of desorption solution and desorption temperature and time) on desorption performance were examined. Several techniques were performed to characterise the properties of the post-adsorption sludge-based biochar. The adsorption amount of the pure sewage sludge biochar (SBC) for PO43- and the biochar derived from the co-pyrolysis of sewage sludge and walnut shell with the mixing ratio of 3:1 (MBC3-1) for NH4+ were 14.19/ 23.75 mg/g and 9.28/ 16.23 mg/g, respectively, when the concentrations of the adsorbates were 100 and 500 mg/L. The desorption experiments showed that the acidic condition (pH = 2) was beneficial for PO43- and NH4+ desorption. The highest desorption ratio reached 7.58% for PO43- and 2.18% for NH4+. The desorption of PO43- was endothermic, whereas that of NH4+ was exothermic. The desorption amounts of PO43- and NH4+ decreased and increased, respectively, with the increase in desorption time. This study of the desorption characteristics of PO43- and NH4+ in sludge-based biochar provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent utilisation of sludge-based biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yin
- Department of Power Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengtian Liu
- Department of Power Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghua Li
- Department of Power Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, People's Republic of China
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14
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Zhou L, Chi T, Zhou Y, Chen H, Du C, Yu G, Wu H, Zhu X, Wang G. Stimulation of pyrolytic carbon materials as electron shuttles on the anaerobic transformation of recalcitrant organic pollutants: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 801:149696. [PMID: 34418626 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pyrolytic carbon materials (PCMs) with various surface functionalities are widely used as environmentally friendly and cost-efficient adsorbents for the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants. Recent studies have illustrated that PCMs as electron shuttles (ESs) could also show excellent performances in promoting the anaerobic transformation of recalcitrant organic pollutants (ROPs). Numerous studies have demonstrated the excellent electron-shuttle capability (ESC) of PCMs to stimulate the anaerobic reductive transformation of ROPs. However, there is a lack of consistent understanding of the mechanism of ESC formation in PCMs and the stimulation mechanism for ROPs anaerobic transformation. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the latest developments in the study of PCMs as ESs for ROPs anaerobic transformation, this review summarizes the formation mechanism, influencing factors, and stimulation mechanisms of ESC. ESC benefits from redox functional groups (quinone and phenol groups), persistent free radicals (PFRs), redox-active metal ions, conductive graphene phase, and porous nature of their surface. The factors influencing ESC include the highest treatment temperature (HTT), feedstocks, modification methods, and environmental conditions, of which, the HTT is the key factor. PCMs promote the reductive transformation of ROPs under anaerobic conditions via abiotic and biotic pathways. Eventually, the prospects for the ROPs anaerobic transformation enhanced by PCMs are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Tianying Chi
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Yaoyu Zhou
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Chunyan Du
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China.
| | - Guanlong Yu
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Haipeng Wu
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Zhu
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
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15
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Wang P, Fu F, Liu T. A review of the new multifunctional nano zero-valent iron composites for wastewater treatment: Emergence, preparation, optimization and mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131435. [PMID: 34256206 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nano zero-valent iron (NZVI) with high chemical reactivity and environmental friendliness had recently become one of the most efficient technologies for wastewater restoration. However, the unitary NZVI system had not met practical requirements for wastewater treatments. Expectantly, the development of NZVI would prefer multifunctional NZVI-based composites, which could be prepared and optimized by the combined methods and technologies. Consequently, a systematic and comprehensive summary from the perspective of multifunctional NZVI-composite had been conducted. The results demonstrated that the advantages of various systems were integrated by multifunctional NZVI-composite systems with a more significant performance of pollutant removal than those of the bare NZVI and its composites. Simultaneously, characteristics of the product prepared by the incorporation of numerous methods were superior to those by a simple method, resulting in the increase of the entirety efficiency. By comparison with other preparation methods, the ball milling method with higher production and field application potential was worthy of attention. After combining multiple technologies, the effect of NZVI and its composite systems could be dramatically strengthened. Preparation technology parameters and treatment effect of contaminants could be further optimized using more comprehensive experimental designs and mathematical models. The mechanism of the multifunctional NZVI system for contaminants treatment was primarily focused on adsorption, oxidation, reduction and co-precipitation. Multiple techniques were combined to enhance the dispersion, alleviating passivation, accelerating electron transfer efficiency or mass transfer action for optimizing the effect of NZVI composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, 300387, Tianjin, PR China; School of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Fugang Fu
- PowerChina Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited, 300387, Guiyang, PR China
| | - Tingyi Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, 300387, Tianjin, PR China.
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16
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Tan W, Ruan Y, Diao Z, Song G, Su M, Hou L, Chen D, Kong L, Deng H. Removal of levofloxacin through adsorption and peroxymonosulfate activation using carbothermal reduction synthesized nZVI/carbon fiber. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 280:130626. [PMID: 34162068 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is widely used for decontamination. The main issues associated with nZVI are agglomeration and oxidation in the long term. In this study, the carbothermal reduction of cotton fiber was conducted for the synthesis of nZVI supported on cotton carbon fiber (nZVI/CF) to address the agglomeration and oxidation of nZVI. Synergistic adsorption and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation using nZVI/CF for removing levofloxacin (LEV) are reported herein. The nZVI concentration and morphology were conveniently adjusted by soaking cotton fiber in ferric nitrate solutions of various Fe3+ concentrations. The carbothermal reduction of the cotton fiber at 900 °C contributed to the reduction of Fe3+ into nZVI. A nZVI/CF-900-0.3 system was obtained through the carbothermal reduction of cotton fiber soaked in 0.3 M ferric nitrate. Favorable adsorption of nZVI/CF-900-0.3 to LEV facilitated LEV degradation under PMS activation. Approximately 93.83% of LEV (C0 = 20 ppm) was removed within 60 min with 0.2 g/L of the catalyst and 1 mM PMS. It was preferable to use nZVI + CF-900 to activate PMS for degrading LEV, thus confirming the favorable effect of LEV adsorption on further degradation. The nZVI/CF-900-0.3 exhibited excellent long-term stability given that it was able to activate PMS after it was stored for 6 months. ·SO4- played an important role in LEV degradation in the presence of PMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitong Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yang Ruan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zenghui Diao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Gang Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Minhua Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Li'an Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Diyun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lingjun Kong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Hongmei Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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17
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Garcia AN, Zhang Y, Ghoshal S, He F, O'Carroll DM. Recent Advances in Sulfidated Zerovalent Iron for Contaminant Transformation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:8464-8483. [PMID: 34170112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
2021 marks 10 years since controlled abiotic synthesis of sulfidated nanoscale zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) for use in site remediation and water treatment emerged as an area of active research. It was then expanded to sulfidated microscale ZVI (S-mZVI) and together with S-nZVI, they are collectively referred to as S-(n)ZVI. Heightened interest in S-(n)ZVI stemmed from its significantly higher reactivity to chlorinated solvents and heavy metals. The extremely promising research outcomes during the initial period (2011-2017) led to renewed interest in (n)ZVI-based technologies for water treatment, with an explosion in new research in the last four years (2018-2021) that is building an understanding of the novel and complex role of iron sulfides in enhancing reactivity of (n)ZVI. Numerous studies have focused on exploring different S-(n)ZVI synthesis approaches, and its colloidal, surface, and reactivity (electrochemistry, contaminant selectivity, and corrosion) properties. This review provides a critical overview of the recent milestones in S-(n)ZVI technology development: (i) clear insights into the role of iron sulfides in contaminant transformation and long-term aging, (ii) impact of sulfidation methods and particle characteristics on reactivity, (iii) broader range of treatable contaminants, (iv) synthesis for complete decontamination, (v) ecotoxicity, and (vi) field implementation. In addition, this review discusses major knowledge gaps and future avenues for research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Nunez Garcia
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Western University, 1151 Richmond Rd., London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Subhasis Ghoshal
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Feng He
- Institute of Environmental Chemistry and Pollution Control College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology 18 Chaowang Rd, Hangzhou, China 310014
| | - Denis M O'Carroll
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney New South Wales 2052, Australia
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Li X, Qin Y, Jia Y, Li Y, Zhao Y, Pan Y, Sun J. Preparation and application of Fe/biochar (Fe-BC) catalysts in wastewater treatment: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129766. [PMID: 33529955 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The removal of organic pollutants from water environments is a challenging problem. Fe-based BC (Fe-BC) composites are promising catalysts for generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) for environmental remediation considering their low costs and excellent physicochemical surface characteristics. The synthesis methods, properties, applications, and the mechanism of Fe-BC for removing pollutants are reviewed. Various methods have been used to prepare Fe-BC composites, and the synthetic methods and conditions used affect the properties of the Fe-BC material, thereby influencing its pollutant removal performance. The mechanisms of pollutant removal by Fe-BC are intricate and include adsorption, degradation and reduction. Fe loading on BC could improve the performance of BC by affecting its surface area, surface functional groups and electron transfer rate. Moreover, research gaps and uncertainties that exist in the use of Fe-BC were identified. Finally, the problems that need to be solved to make Fe-BC suitable for future applications are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
| | - Yang Qin
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yan Jia
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Resources & Environment College, Tibet Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Plateau Area, Ministry of Education, Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, China
| | - Yixuan Zhao
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Yuwei Pan
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Jianhui Sun
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
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19
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Wu L, Zhang H, Xu Z, Wang C, Chen W, Ni J, Wei R. Biochar-mediated reduction of m-nitrotoluene: Interaction between reduction of m-nitrotoluene and sequestration of contaminants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145662. [PMID: 33940750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a highly effective adsorbent for nitroaromatic compounds (NACs), and acts as an electron shuttle that mediates the reduction of NACs. Hence, when biochar is used to mediate NAC reduction, adsorption and reduction will occur simultaneously and affect each other. However, the effect of biochar-mediated NAC reduction on sorption remains unknown. Eight biochars with different physicochemical properties were used to adsorb m-nitrotoluene and mediate its reduction. The results showed that the adsorption of m-nitrotoluene onto the various biochars facilitated its reduction, whereas biochar-mediated reduction retarded and weakened contaminant adsorption, which increased the environmental risk posed by m-nitrotoluene. Nevertheless, biochars with a high graphitization degree and developed porosity not only had a great catalytic ability, but also significantly alleviated the negative effect of reduction on adsorption. This was ascribed to the π-π interaction and pore-filling effect, which played more important roles than the hydrophobic effect in adsorbing the reduction product (m-toluidine) onto the studied biochars during reduction. Furthermore, the methanol extraction results indicated that the eight biochars presented significantly stronger sequestration abilities for adsorbed m-toluidine than for adsorbed m-nitrotoluene. This resulted from the hydrogen bonding and the Lewis acid-base effect between m-toluidine and each biochar, which were absent for m-nitrotoluene. These results suggest that biochars with a high graphitization degree and developed porosity are applicable for mediating reduction-enhancing sequestration of NACs, which could be a novel strategy for NAC remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wu
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Zhu Xu
- Yangzhou Haitong Electronic Co. Ltd, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, China
| | - Caiting Wang
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Weifeng Chen
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China.
| | - Jinzhi Ni
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Ran Wei
- College of geographical Science, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Eco-Physiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
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Li S, Tang J, Wang L, Liu X. Carbon coating enhances single-electron oxygen reduction reaction on nZVI surface for oxidative degradation of nitrobenzene. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:144680. [PMID: 33513509 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Research on the in-situ generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) using nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) has received more and more attention in recent years. However, the low utilization rate of nZVI, strict production conditions, and high energy consumption limit the application of this technology in actual environmental pollution remediation. In this study, carbon-coated nZVI (Fe0@C) was used to synthesize H2O2 in situ and realize the mineralization of nitrobenzene (NB). The results showed that the composite removed 91% of NB through adsorption, reduction, and oxidation within 120 min, of which oxidation accounts for 42.92%. Not only that, the composite material could achieve effective mineralization of NB under the wide pH range of 3-7. Quantitative experiments of hydroxyl radicals (HO) showed that the composite could generate 185.64 μM HO in 120 min without any extra energy consumption. The carbon-coated structure effectively inhibits the formation of the passivation layer on the surface of the nZVI, thereby ensuring the high activity of the Fe0. In addition, the carbon coating strengthens the sequential single-electron transfer process by changing the oxygen reduction pathway on the surface of the nZVI, so that the Fe0 can efficiently generate HO through the superoxide radical (O2-) pathway under neutral conditions. This study provides a fundamental understanding of the in-situ synthesis of H2O2 to mineralize NB by carbon-coated nZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin 300350, China
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21
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Gong L, Qiu X, Tratnyek PG, Liu C, He F. FeN X(C)-Coated Microscale Zero-Valent Iron for Fast and Stable Trichloroethylene Dechlorination in both Acidic and Basic pH Conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:5393-5402. [PMID: 33729752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
FeNX in Fe single-atom catalysts can be the active site for adsorption and activation of reactants. In addition, FeNX species have been shown to facilitate electron transfer between Fe and the carbon supports used in newly developed metal-air batteries. We hypothesized that the combination of FeNX species with granular zero-valent iron (ZVI) might result in catalyzed reductive decontamination of groundwater contaminants such as trichloroethylene (TCE). Here, such materials synthesized by ball milling microscale ZVI with melamine and the resulting N species were mainly in the form of pyridinic, pyrrolic, and graphitic N. This new material (abbreviated as N-C-mZVIbm) dechlorinated TCE at higher rates than bare mZVIbm (about 3.5-fold) due to facilitated electron transfer through (or around) the surface layer of iron oxides by the newly formed Fe-NX(C). N-C-mZVIbm gave higher kTCE (0.4-1.14 day-1) than mZVIbm (0-0.4 day-1) over a wide range of pH values (4-11). Unlike most ZVI systems, kTCE for N-C-mZVIbm increased with increasing pH values. This is because the oxide layer that passivates Fe0 at a high pH is disrupted by Fe-NX(C) formed on N-C-mZVIbm, thereby allowing TCE dechlorination and HER under basic conditions. Serial respike experiments gave no evidence of decreased performance of N-C-mZVIbm, showing that the advantages of this material might remain under field applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gong
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xiaojiang Qiu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Paul G Tratnyek
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Feng He
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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22
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Sun YM, Feng L, Yang L. Degradation of PCB67 in soil using the heterogenous Fenton process induced by montmorillonite supported nanoscale zero-valent iron. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124305. [PMID: 33525129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Montmorillonite supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (MMT-nZVI) was prepared and proved to be able to induce the heterogenous Fenton process for better removal of 2,3',4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB67) in a long-term polluted soil. PCB67 removal depended highly on the dosages of MMT-nZVI and H2O2, and the initial pH, with the highest removal rate of 76.38% at conditions of H2O2 45.99 g·kg-1, MMT-nZVI 29.88 g·kg-1 and initial pH 3.5 after 80 min of reaction. Furthermore, PCB67 could be removed in a wider pH range (from 3.5 to near neutrality), with a loss of 13.6% in removal rate at neutral pH. With an activation energy of 21.4 kJ·mol-1, the degradation of PCB67 was an endothermic and diffusion-controlled process and followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics. That Fe2+ was supplied through aerobic corrosion of MMT-nZVI to activate H2O2 for·OH production was the possible mechanism of PCB67 degradation, leading to complete mineralization of PCB67 through two proposed pathways, with the intermediates of ethylbenzene and 3-hepten-2-one, as well as dibutyl phthalate and butyl acetate respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Man Sun
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Liu Feng
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
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23
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Re-recognizing micro locations of nanoscale zero-valent iron in biochar using C-TEM technique. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5037. [PMID: 33658591 PMCID: PMC7930034 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84685-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI/BC), prepared commonly by liquid reduction using sodium borohydride (NaBH4), exhibits better reduction performance for contaminants than bare NZVI. The better reducing ability was attributed to attachment of nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) on biochar (BC) surface or into the interior pores of BC particles due to observations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and plan transmission electron microscopy (P-TEM) techniques in previous studies. In this study, cross-sectional TEM (C-TEM) technique was employed firstly to explore location of NZVI in NZVI/BC. It was observed that NZVI is isolated from BC particles, but not located on the surface or in the interior pores of BC particles. This observation was also supported by negligible adsorption and precipitation of Fe2+/Fe3+ and iron hydroxides on BC surface or into interior pores of BC particles respectively. Precipitation of Fe2+ and Fe3+, rather than adsorption, is responsible for the removal of Fe2+ and Fe3+ by BC. Moreover, precipitates of iron hydroxides cannot be reduced to NZVI by NaBH4. In addition to SEM or P-TEM, therefore, C-TEM is a potential technique to characterize the interior morphology of NZVI/BC for better understanding the improved reduction performance of contaminants by NZVI/BC than bare NZVI.
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24
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Liu Z, Wang Z, Chen H, Cai T, Liu Z. Hydrochar and pyrochar for sorption of pollutants in wastewater and exhaust gas: A critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115910. [PMID: 33227697 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pollutants in wastewater and exhaust gas bring out serious concerns to public health and the environment. Biochar can be developed as a sustainable adsorbent originating from abundant bio-wastes, such as agricultural waste, forestry residue, food waste and human waste. Here we highlight the state-of-the-art research progress on pyrochar and hydrochar for the sorption of pollutants (heavy metal, organics, gas, etc) in wastewater and exhaust gases. The adsorption performance of pyrochar and hydrochar are compared and discussed in-depth, including preparation procedures (carbonization and activation), sorption possible mechanisms, and physiochemical properties. Challenges and perspective for designing efficient and environmental benign biochar-based adsorbents are finally addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyun Liu
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), And Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), And Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongxu Chen
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), And Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tong Cai
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), And Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhidan Liu
- Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy (E2E), And Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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25
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Wang J, Shen M, Gong Q, Wang X, Cai J, Wang S, Chen Z. One-step preparation of ZVI-sludge derived biochar without external source of iron and its application on persulfate activation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 714:136728. [PMID: 31982750 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Zero Valent Iron (ZVI) is an important and widely employed environmental remediation material in brownfield. However, the instability of fine size ZVI and the strong aggregation of nanoscale-ZVI limited its further application. To overcome these drawbacks, ZVI-Sludge Derived Biochar (SDBC) was prepared without external iron source through the one-step process of pyrolysis. The characterization results including SEM-EDX, XRD and XPS confirmed the successful loading of Fe0 on the surface of SDBC. The activation efficiency of persulfate (PS) in in-situ chemical oxidation system was studied. The environmental remediation properties of ZVI-SDBC/PS system were evaluated employing acid orange (AO7) and landfill leachate as target pollutants. ZVI-SDBC/PS system was highly efficient as that 99.0% of AO7 (0.06 mM) was removed by 0.925 mM of PS and 0.5 g L-1 of ZVI-SDBC. In addition, total organic carbon (TOC) and ammonia in leachate were removed by 62.8% and 99.8%, respectively. The removal efficiency of AO7 was nearly independent on initial pH as that 89.1% and 99.1% of AO7 were removed at pH of 9.08 and 2.13 respectively. Hydroxyl radicals dominated in the reaction under neutral and alkaline conditions with contribution rates of 71.9% and 86.1% respectively. Noticeably, not only free radicals but also non-radical species such as singlet oxygen contributed to the degradation, which favored the pH-independent performance. The reuse performance of ZVI-SDBC was higher than these of previously reported ZVI-based catalysts as that the first-order rate constant of AO7 removal decreased not much from 0.0718 to 0.0502 min-1 after the three-cycle reuse assays. In summary, ZVI-SDBC showed advantages such as the facile and chemical-saving preparation method, reliable disposal of municipal sewage sludge, remarkable efficiency and stability. These advantages proved ZVI-SDBC/PS system as an effective strategy of controlling waste by waste, and implicated its potential application in full-scale for environmental remediation in brownfield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Min Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Qing Gong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Xianghui Wang
- Shanghai SUS Environment Restoration Co. Ltd, Shanghai 201700, PR China
| | - Jiayi Cai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Songlin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
| | - Zhuqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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26
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A Review of Non-Soil Biochar Applications. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13020261. [PMID: 31936099 PMCID: PMC7013903 DOI: 10.3390/ma13020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is the solid residue that is recovered after the thermal cracking of biomasses in an oxygen-free atmosphere. Biochar has been used for many years as a soil amendment and in general soil applications. Nonetheless, biochar is far more than a mere soil amendment. In this review, we report all the non-soil applications of biochar including environmental remediation, energy storage, composites, and catalyst production. We provide a general overview of the recent uses of biochar in material science, thus presenting this cheap and waste-derived material as a high value-added and carbonaceous source.
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27
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Qian L, Chen Y, Ouyang D, Zhang W, Han L, Yan J, Kvapil P, Chen M. Field demonstration of enhanced removal of chlorinated solvents in groundwater using biochar-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134215. [PMID: 31494413 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The application of biochar-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (biochar-nZVI) was successfully implemented in a field demonstration for the first time. To overcome the significant shortcomings of nZVI agglomeration for in-situ groundwater remediation, biochar-nZVI was injected into groundwater using direct-push and water pressure driven packer techniques for a site impacted by chlorinated solvents in the North China Plain. The field demonstration comprising two-step injections was implemented to demonstrate the effectiveness of nZVI and biochar-nZVI respectively. The outcome of the demonstration revealed a sharp reduction of contaminant concentrations of chlorinated solvents in 24 h following the first injection of nZVI, but the rebound of the concentrations of these contaminants in groundwater has occurred within the next two weeks. However, application of biochar-nZVI greatly enhanced the removal of chlorinated solvents in groundwater over the longer period of 42 days. The enhanced removal of chlorinated solvents in groundwater by biochar-nZVI is mainly attributed to the synergistic effects of adsorption and reduction. The adsorption by biochar significantly reduced the level of chlorinated solvents in groundwater. Overall increases in ferrous iron and chloride concentrations after the injections indicated that the reduction has occurred during the removal of chlorinated solvents in groundwater. In summary, biochar-supported nZVI could be potentially used for the effective remediation of chlorinated solvents in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linbo Qian
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Da Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lu Han
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingchun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Petr Kvapil
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentska 2, CZ46117 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Mengfang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Site Remediation Technologies, Beijing 100015, China.
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