1
|
Long XX, Yu ZN, Liu SW, Gao T, Qiu RL. A systematic review of biochar aging and the potential eco-environmental risk in heavy metal contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134345. [PMID: 38696956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Biochar is widely accepted as a green and effective amendment for remediating heavy metals (HMs) contaminated soil, but its long-term efficiency and safety changes with biochar aging in fields. Currently, some reviews have qualitatively summarized biochar aging methods and mechanisms, aging-induced changes in biochar properties, and often ignored the potential eco-environmental risk during biochar aging process. Therefore, this review systematically summarizes the study methods of biochar aging, quantitatively compares the effects of different biochar aging process on its properties, and discusses the potential eco-environmental risk due to biochar aging in HMs contaminated soil. At present, various artificial aging methods (physical aging, chemical aging and biological aging) rather than natural field aging have been applied to study the changes of biochar's properties. Generally, biochar aging increases specific surface area (SSA), pore volume (PV), surface oxygen-containing functional group (OFGs) and O content, while decreases pH, ash, H, C and N content. Chemical aging method has a greater effect on the properties of biochar than other aging methods. In addition, biochar aging may lead to HMs remobilization and produce new types of pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) and colloidal/nano biochar particles, which consequently bring secondary eco-environmental risk. Finally, future research directions are suggested to establish a more accurate assessment method and model on biochar aging behavior and evaluate the environmental safety of aged biochar, in order to promote its wider application for remediating HMs contaminated soil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xian Long
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Ze-Ning Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Shao-Wen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
| | - Rong-Liang Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu C, Tian J, Chen L, He Q, Liu X, Bian R, Zheng J, Cheng K, Xia S, Zhang X, Wu J, Li L, Joseph S, Pan G. Biochar boosted high oleic peanut production with enhanced root development and biological N fixation by diazotrophs in a sand-loamy Primisol. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 932:173061. [PMID: 38723970 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Peanut yield and quality face significant threats due to climate change and soil degradation. The potential of biochar technology to address this challenge remains unanswered, though biochar is acknowledged for its capacity to enhance the soil microbial community and plant nitrogen (N) supply. A field study was conducted in 2021 on oil peanuts grown in a sand-loamy Primisol that received organic amendments at 20 Mg ha-1. The treatments consisted of biochar amendments derived from poultry manure (PB), rice husk (RB), and maize residue (MB), as well as manure compost (OM) amendment, compared to no organic amendment (CK). In 2022, during the second year after amendment, samples of bulk topsoil, rooted soil, and plants were collected at the peanut harvest. The analysis included the assessment of soil quality, peanut growth traits, microbial community, nifH gene abundance, and biological N fixation (BNF) rate. Compared to the CK, the OM treatment led to an 8 % increase in peanut kernel yield, but had no effect on kernel quality in terms of oil production. Conversely, both PB and MB treatments increased kernel yield by 10 %, whereas RB treatment showed no change in yield. Moreover, all biochar amendments significantly improved oilseed quality by 10-25 %, notably increasing the proportion of oleic acid by up to 70 %. Similarly, while OM amendment slightly decreased root development, all biochar treatments significantly enhanced root development by over 80 %. Furthermore, nodule number, fresh weight per plant, and the nifH gene abundance in rooted soil remained unchanged under OM and PB treatments but was significantly enhanced under RB and MB treatments compared to CK. Notably, all biochar amendments, excluding OM, increased the BNF rate and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase activity. These changes were attributed to alterations in soil aggregation, moisture retention, and phosphorus availability, which were influenced by the diverse physical and chemical properties of biochars. Overall, maize residue biochar contributed synergistically to enhancing soil fertility, peanut yield, and quality while also promoting increased root development, a shift in the diazotrophic community and BNF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Institute of Eco-environmental Research, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310023, Zhejiang, China; Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Institute of Cash Crop, Shangqiu Academy of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, Shangqiu 476002, Henan, China
| | - Qunling He
- Institute of Cash Crop, Shangqiu Academy of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, Shangqiu 476002, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongjun Bian
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jufeng Zheng
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Cheng
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaopan Xia
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jihua Wu
- Institute of Cash Crop, Shangqiu Academy of Agriculture and Forest Sciences, Shangqiu 476002, Henan, China
| | - Lianqing Li
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Stephen Joseph
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Genxing Pan
- Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, and Department of Soil Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pathak HK, Chauhan PK, Seth CS, Dubey G, Upadhyay SK. Mechanistic and future prospects in rhizospheric engineering for agricultural contaminants removal, soil health restoration, and management of climate change stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:172116. [PMID: 38575037 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Climate change, food insecurity, and agricultural pollution are all serious challenges in the twenty-first century, impacting plant growth, soil quality, and food security. Innovative techniques are required to mitigate these negative outcomes. Toxic heavy metals (THMs), organic pollutants (OPs), and emerging contaminants (ECs), as well as other biotic and abiotic stressors, can all affect nutrient availability, plant metabolic pathways, agricultural productivity, and soil-fertility. Comprehending the interactions between root exudates, microorganisms, and modified biochar can aid in the fight against environmental problems such as the accumulation of pollutants and the stressful effects of climate change. Microbes can inhibit THMs uptake, degrade organic pollutants, releases biomolecules that regulate crop development under drought, salinity, pathogenic attack and other stresses. However, these microbial abilities are primarily demonstrated in research facilities rather than in contaminated or stressed habitats. Despite not being a perfect solution, biochar can remove THMs, OPs, and ECs from contaminated areas and reduce the impact of climate change on plants. We hypothesized that combining microorganisms with biochar to address the problems of contaminated soil and climate change stress would be effective in the field. Despite the fact that root exudates have the potential to attract selected microorganisms and biochar, there has been little attention paid to these areas, considering that this work addresses a critical knowledge gap of rhizospheric engineering mediated root exudates to foster microbial and biochar adaptation. Reducing the detrimental impacts of THMs, OPs, ECs, as well as abiotic and biotic stress, requires identifying the best root-associated microbes and biochar adaptation mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu K Pathak
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur 222003, India
| | - Prabhat K Chauhan
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur 222003, India
| | | | - Gopal Dubey
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur 222003, India
| | - Sudhir K Upadhyay
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur 222003, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Villada E, Velasquez M, Gómez AM, Correa JD, Saldarriaga JF, López JE, Tamayo A. Combining anaerobic digestion slurry and different biochars to develop a biochar-based slow-release NPK fertilizer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 927:171982. [PMID: 38575013 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
In this research, we developed a biochar-based fertilizer using biogas slurry and biochar derived from lignocellulosic agro-residues. Biogas slurry was obtained through the anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (fresh vegetable biomass and/or prepared food), while biochars were derived from residues from quinoa, maize, rice, and sugarcane. The biochar-based fertilizers were prepared using an impregnation process, where the biogas slurry was mixed with each of the raw biochars. Subsequently, we characterized the N, P and K concentrations of the obtained biochar-based fertilizers. Additionally, we analyzed their surface properties using SEM/EDS and FTIR and conducted a slow-release test on these biochar-based fertilizers to assess their capability to gradually release nutrients. Lastly, a bioassay using cucumber plants was conducted to determine the N, P, and K bioavailability. Our findings revealed a significant correlation (r > 0.67) between the atomic O/C ratio, H/C ratio, cation exchange capacity, surface area, and the base cations concentration with N, P, and/or K adsorption on biochar. These properties, in turn, were linked to the capability of the biochar-based fertilizer to release nutrients in a controlled manner. The biochar-based fertilizer derived from corn residues showed <15 % release of N, P and K at 24 h. Utilization of these biochar-based fertilizers had a positive impact on the mineral nutrition of cucumber plants, resulting in an average increase of 61 % in N, 32 % in P, and 19 % in K concentrations. Our results underscore the potential of biochar-based fertilizers in controlled nutrient release and enhanced plant nutrition. Integration of biochar and biogas slurry offers a promising and sustainable approach for NPK recovery and fertilizer production in agriculture. This study presents an innovative and sustainable approach combining the use of biochar for NPK recovery from biogas slurry and its use as a biochar-based fertilizer in agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Villada
- Faculty of Architecture and Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Carrera 78 # 65 - 46, 050034 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Manuela Velasquez
- Faculty of Architecture and Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Carrera 78 # 65 - 46, 050034 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ana M Gómez
- Faculty of Architecture and Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Carrera 78 # 65 - 46, 050034 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan D Correa
- Faculty of Architecture and Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Carrera 78 # 65 - 46, 050034 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan F Saldarriaga
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1Este #19A-40, 111711 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julián E López
- Faculty of Architecture and Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Carrera 78 # 65 - 46, 050034 Medellín, Colombia
| | - Andrea Tamayo
- Faculty of Architecture and Engineering, Environmental Engineering Program, Institución Universitaria Colegio Mayor de Antioquia, Carrera 78 # 65 - 46, 050034 Medellín, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang R, ZongGuo X, Hu R, Wu J, Xu Y, Yu Z, Yang L, Yan G, Liu J, Zhang Y. Biomass ash as soil fertilizers: Supercharging biomass accumulation by shifting auxin distribution. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:141910. [PMID: 38582170 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Growing quantities of biomass ashes (phyto-ashs) are currently produced worldwide due to the increasing biomass consumption in energy applications. Utilization of phyto-ash in agriculture is environmentally friendly solution. However, mechanisms involving the coordination of carbon metabolism and distribution in plants and soil amendment are not well known. In the present study, tobacco plants were chemically-fertilized with or without 2‰ phyto-ash addition. The control had sole chemical fertilizer; for two phyto-ash treatments, the one (T1) received comparable levels of nitrogen, phophorus, and potassium from phyto-ash and fertilizers as the control and another (T2) had 2‰ of phyto-ash and the same rates of fertilizers as the control. Compared with the control, phyto-ash addition improved the soil pH from 5.94 to about 6.35; T2 treatment enhanced soil available potassium by 30% but no difference of other elements was recorded among three treatments. Importantly, bacterial (but not fungal) communities were significantly enriched by phyto-ash addition, with the rank of richness as: T2 > T1 > control. Consistent with amelioration of soil properties, phyto-ash promoted plant growth through enlarged leaf area and photosynthesis and induced outgrowth of lateral roots (LRs). Interestingly, increased auxin content was recorded in 2nd and 3rd leaves and roots under phyto-ash application, also with the rank level as T2 > T1 > control, paralleling with higher transcripts of auxin synthetic genes in the topmost leaf and stronger [3H]IAA activity under phyto-ash addition. Furthermore, exogenous application of analog exogenous auxin (NAA) restored leaf area, photosynthesis and LR outgrowth to the similar level as T2 treatment; conversely, application of auxin transport inhibitor (NPA) under T2 treatment retarded leaf and root development. We demonstrated that phyto-ash addition improved soil properties and thus facilitated carbon balance within plants and biomass accumulation in which shifting auxin distribution plays an important role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruibao Wang
- Yunnan Tobacco Company Qujing Company, Qujing, 655002, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinan ZongGuo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ripeng Hu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Yunnan Tobacco Company Qujing Company, Qujing, 655002, Yunnan, China
| | - Yongxian Xu
- Yunnan Tobacco Company Yuxi Company, Yuxi, 652500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhiyong Yu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Yunnan Tobacco Company Qujing Company, Qujing, 655002, Yunnan, China
| | - Guoyong Yan
- Yunnan Tobacco Company Qujing Company, Qujing, 655002, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiahong Liu
- Yunnan Tobacco Company Qujing Company, Qujing, 655002, Yunnan, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wystalska K, Kowalczyk M, Kamizela T, Worwąg M, Zabochnicka M. Properties and Possibilities of Using Biochar Composites Made on the Basis of Biomass and Waste Residues Ferryferrohydrosol Sorbent. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2646. [PMID: 38893909 PMCID: PMC11173671 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Biochar enriched with metals has an increased potential for sorption of organic and inorganic pollutants. The aim of the research was to identify the possibility of using biochar composites produced on the basis of waste plant biomass and waste FFH (ferryferrohydrosol) containing iron atoms, after CO2 capture. The composites were produced in a one-stage or two-stage pyrolysis process. Their selected properties were determined as follows: pH, ash content, C, H, N, O, specific surface area, microstructure and the presence of surface functional groups. The produced biochar and composites had different properties resulting from the production method and the additive used. The results of experiments on the removal of methylene blue (MB) from solutions allowed us to rank the adsorbents used according to the maximum dye removal value achieved as follows: BC1 (94.99%), B (84.61%), BC2 (84.09%), BC3 (83.23%) and BC4 (83.23%). In terms of maximum amoxicillin removal efficiency, the ranking is as follows: BC1 (55.49%), BC3 (23.51%), BC2 (18.13%), B (13.50%) and BC4 (5.98%). The maximum efficiency of diclofenac removal was demonstrated by adsorbents BC1 (98.71), BC3 (87.08%), BC4 (74.20%), B (36.70%) and BC2 (30.40%). The most effective removal of metals Zn, Pb and Cd from the solution was demonstrated by BC1 and BC3 composites. The final concentration of the tested metals after sorption using these composites was less than 1% of the initial concentration. The highest increase in biomass on prepared substrates was recorded for the BC5 composite. It was higher by 90% and 54% (for doses of 30 g and 15 g, respectively) in relation to the biomass growth in the soil without additives. The BC1 composite can be used in pollutant sorption processes. However, BC5 has great potential as a soil additive in crop yield and plant growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Wystalska
- Faculty of Infrastructure and Environment, Czestochowa University of Technology, Brzeźnicka 60A, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland; (M.K.); (T.K.); (M.W.); (M.Z.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang X, Zhang K, Qi Z, Shaghaleh H, Gao C, Chang T, Zhang J, Hamoud YA. Field Examinations on the Application of Novel Biochar-Based Microbial Fertilizer on Degraded Soils and Growth Response of Flue-Cured Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1328. [PMID: 38794400 PMCID: PMC11125685 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Southwestern China is receiving excessive chemical fertilizers to meet the challenges of continuous cropping. These practices are deteriorating the soil environment and affecting tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) yield and quality adversely. A novel microbially enriched biochar-based fertilizer was synthesized using effective microorganisms, tobacco stalk biochar and basal fertilizer. A field-scale study was conducted to evaluate the yield response of tobacco grown on degraded soil amended with our novel biochar-based microbial fertilizer (BF). Four treatments of BF (0%, 1.5%, 2.5% and 5%) were applied in the contaminated field to grow tobacco. The application of BF1.5, BF2.5 and BF5.0 increased the available water contents by 9.47%, 1.18% and 2.19% compared to that with BF0 respectively. Maximum growth of tobacco in terms of plant height and leaf area was recorded for BF1.5 compared to BF0. BF1.5, BF2.5 and BF5.0 increased SPAD by 13.18-40.53%, net photosynthetic rate by 5.44-60.42%, stomatal conductance by 8.33-44.44%, instantaneous water use efficiency by 55.41-93.24% and intrinsic water use efficiency by 0.09-24.11%, while they decreased the intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate by 3.85-6.84% and 0.29-47.18% relative to BF0, respectively (p < 0.05). The maximum increase in tobacco yield was recorded with BF1.5 (23.81%) compared to that with BF0. The present study concludes that the application of BF1.5 improves and restores the degraded soil by improving the hydraulic conductivity and by increasing the tobacco yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; (X.Y.); (Y.A.H.)
- The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
- China Meteorological Administration Hydro-Meteorology Key Laboratory, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; (X.Y.); (Y.A.H.)
- The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
- China Meteorological Administration Hydro-Meteorology Key Laboratory, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
- Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
- Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Zhiming Qi
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
| | - Hiba Shaghaleh
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China;
| | - Chao Gao
- Institute of Geographical Sciences, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450052, China;
| | - Tingting Chang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; (T.C.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; (T.C.); (J.Z.)
| | - Yousef Alhaj Hamoud
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China; (X.Y.); (Y.A.H.)
- The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Singh A, Singh E, Khan N, Shukla S, Bhargava PC. Effect of biochar on the fate of antibiotic resistant genes and integrons in compost amended agricultural soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:23535-23548. [PMID: 38421542 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32600-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The persistence and transmission of emerging pollutants such as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) via mobile genetic elements (MGEs) have caused concern to scientific community. Composting practises are often adapted for the reduction of organic waste or to enhance fertility in agriculture soil but its continuous usage has posed a potential risk of increased abundance of ARGs in soil. Thus, the present study scrutinises the emerging risk of ARGs and MGEs in agriculture soil and its potential mitigation using biochar owing to its proven environmental sustainability and performance. After 30 days incubation, ARG distribution of SulI, SulII, dfrA1, dfrA12, tetA, flor, and ErmA was 50, 37.5, 37.5, 62.5, 42.11, 62.5, and 52.63% in control samples whereas it was 5, 15.78, 21.05, 15.79, 10.53, 21.05, and 31.58%, respectively, for biochar amended samples. Similarly, IntI1 and IntI2 in control and biochar amended samples were 18.75 and 6.25% and 10.53 and 5.26%, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) factor suggests that biochar amendment samples showed enhanced value for pH, organic matter, and organic carbon over control samples. Furthermore, Pearson's correlation analysis performed between detected ARGs and MGEs demonstrated the positive and significant correlation at p < 0.05 for both control and biochar amended samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha Singh
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment and Systems, Toxicology (FEST) Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ekta Singh
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment and Systems, Toxicology (FEST) Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nawaz Khan
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment and Systems, Toxicology (FEST) Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh Shukla
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment and Systems, Toxicology (FEST) Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Preeti Chaturvedi Bhargava
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, Food, Drug & Chemical, Environment and Systems, Toxicology (FEST) Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao Y, Jiang H, Gao J, Wan X, Yan B, Liu Y, Cheng G, Chen L, Zhang W. Effects of biochar application methods on greenhouse gas emission and nitrogen use efficiency in paddy fields. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:169809. [PMID: 38184260 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Biochar application in rice production reduces nitrogen loss and greenhouse gases. We conducted in situ experiments for 3 years, with N210B0 (210 kg N ha-1) as the control. Two biochar application methods (B1:15 t ha-1 biochar applied once and B2: biochar applied three times at 5 t ha-1 yr-1) combined with two nitrogen levels (N210: 210 kg N ha-1 and N168: 168 kg N ha-1) were used. Soil physicochemical properties, CH4 and N2O emissions, functional gene abundance, rice yield, and nitrogen use efficiency were analyzed. Both methods improved the physicochemical properties of the soil, however, B1 was less effective than B2 in increasing soil pH, bulk density, organic carbon, total nitrogen, and microbial biomass nitrogen in year 3. B1 had a higher CH4 emission mitigation effect than B2 in 3 consecutive years, mainly due to the higher pmoA gene abundance. B1 showed a higher reduction effect of N2O emissions compared to B2 in year 1, but the opposite was observed in years 2 and 3. B2 had a higher abundance of AOB, nirK, and nosZ genes compared to B1 in year 3. Compared with N210B0, rice yields were increased by 9.1 %, 9.6 %, and 3.6 % with N210B1, N210B2, and N168B2, respectively, over 3 years, while N168B1 improved yields in the previous 2 years. Biochar improved nitrogen use efficiency over 3 consecutive years directly due to increased use efficiency of panicle fertilizer; the effect of B1 was greater than that of B2 during years 1 and 2, while the opposite was observed in year 3. Both Biochar applied once and three times appeared to be promising practices to increase yield and mitigate GHGs. From the GHGI perspective, the biochar applied once combined with 168 kg N ha-1 can further improve nitrogen use efficiency, and reduce GHGs without hindering improvements in rice yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanze Zhao
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University/National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Japonica Rice Breeding and Cultivation Technology in North China, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Hongfang Jiang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University/National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Japonica Rice Breeding and Cultivation Technology in North China, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jiping Gao
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University/National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Japonica Rice Breeding and Cultivation Technology in North China, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Xue Wan
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University/National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Japonica Rice Breeding and Cultivation Technology in North China, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Bingchun Yan
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University/National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Japonica Rice Breeding and Cultivation Technology in North China, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University/National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Japonica Rice Breeding and Cultivation Technology in North China, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Guoqing Cheng
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University/National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Japonica Rice Breeding and Cultivation Technology in North China, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Liqiang Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University/National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Japonica Rice Breeding and Cultivation Technology in North China, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Wenzhong Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University/National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Japonica Rice Breeding and Cultivation Technology in North China, Shenyang 110866, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao Y, Hu Z, Lu Y, Shan S, Zhuang H, Gong C, Cui X, Zhang F, Li P. Facilitating mitigation of agricultural non-point source pollution and improving soil nutrient conditions: The role of low temperature co-pyrolysis biochar in nitrogen and phosphorus distribution. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130179. [PMID: 38092075 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The current study generated co-pyrolysis biochar by pyrolyzing rice straw and pig manure at 300 °C and subsequently applying it in a field. Co-pyrolysis biochar demonstrated superior efficiency in mitigating agricultural non-point source pollution compared to biochar derived from individual sources. Furthermore, it displayed notable capabilities in retaining and releasing nutrients, resulting in increased soil levels of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and organic matter during the maturation stage of rice. Moreover, co-pyrolysis biochar influences soil microbial communities, potentially impacting nutrient cycling. During the rice maturation stage, the soil treated with co-pyrolysis biochar exhibited significant increases in available nutrients and rice yield compared to the control (p < 0.05). These findings emphasize the potential of co-pyrolysis biochar for in-situ nutrient retention and enhanced soil nutrient utilization. To summarize, the co-pyrolysis of agricultural waste materials presents a promising approach to waste management, contributing to controlling non-point source pollution, improving soil fertility, and promoting crop production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Zhijun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Yunpeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Shengdao Shan
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Haifeng Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China.
| | - Chenpan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Fuhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Peng Li
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rasheed A, Anwar S, Shafiq F, Zaib-Un-Nisa, Khan S, Ashraf M. Physiological and biochemical effects of biochar nanoparticles on spinach exposed to salinity and drought stresses. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:14103-14122. [PMID: 38270760 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31953-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The utilization of nanobiochar in agricultural practices has garnered substantial interest owing to its promising potential. Its nano-size particles possess an enhanced ability to infiltrate plant cells, potentially instigating biochemical and physiological responses that augment stress tolerance. In our study, we aimed to assess the impact and extent of exogenously applied nanobiochar on the growth dynamics and antioxidative responses in Spinacia oleracea L. (spinach) plants subjected to salt stress (50 mM NaCl) and drought stress (maintained at 60% field capacity) compared with respective controls (0 mM NaCl and 100% field capacity). Following a 15-day exposure to stress conditions, nanobiochar solution (at concentrations of 0, 1, 3, and 5% w/v) was sprayed on spinach plants at weekly intervals (at 14, 21, and 28 days after sowing). The foliar application of nanobiochar markedly improved biomass, net assimilation rate, leaf area, and various other growth parameters under drought and salinity stress conditions. Notably, the application of 3% nanobiochar caused the most significant enhancement in growth traits, photosynthetic pigments, and nutrient content, indicating its efficiency in directly supplying nutrients to the foliage. Furthermore, under drought stress conditions, the application of 3% nanobiochar elicited a notable 62% increase in catalase activity, a two-fold rise in peroxidase activity, and a 128% increase in superoxide dismutase activity compared to the control (without nanobiochar). Additionally, nanobiochar application enhanced membrane stability, evidenced by reduced lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage. The foliar application of 3% nanobiochar was found as a promising strategy to significantly enhance spinach growth parameters, nutrient assimilation, and antioxidative defense mechanisms, particularly under conditions of drought and salinity stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aimun Rasheed
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Anwar
- Department of Botany, GC Women University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Fahad Shafiq
- Department of Botany, GC University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zaib-Un-Nisa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ratnadass A, Llandres AL, Goebel FR, Husson O, Jean J, Napoli A, Sester M, Joseph S. Potential of silicon-rich biochar (Sichar) amendment to control crop pests and pathogens in agroecosystems: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 910:168545. [PMID: 37984651 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
We reviewed the potential of silicon (Si)-rich biochars (sichars) as crop amendments for pest and pathogen control. The main pathosystems that emerged from our systematic literature search were bacterial wilt on solanaceous crops (mainly tomato, pepper, tobacco and eggplant), piercing-sucking hemipteran pests and soil-borne fungi on gramineous crops (mainly rice and wheat), and parasitic nematodes on other crops. The major pest and pathogen mitigation pathways identified were: i) Si-based physical barriers; ii) Induction of plant defenses; iii) Enhancement of plant-beneficial/pathogen-antagonistic soil microflora in the case of root nematodes; iv) Alteration of soil physical-chemical properties resulting in Eh-pH conditions unfavorable to root nematodes; v) Alteration of soil physical-chemical properties resulting in Eh-pH, bulk density and/or water holding capacity favorable to plant growth and resulting tolerance to necrotrophic pathogens; vi) Increased Si uptake resulting in reduced plant quality, owing to reduced nitrogen intake towards some hemi-biotrophic pests or pathogens. Our review highlighted synergies between pathways and tradeoffs between others, depending, inter alia, on: i) crop type (notably whether Si-accumulating or not); ii) pest/pathogen type (e.g. below-ground/root-damaging vs above-ground/aerial part-damaging; "biotrophic" vs "necrotrophic" sensu lato, and corresponding systemic resistance pathways; thriving Eh-pH spectrum; etc.); iii) soil type. Our review also stressed the need for further research on: i) the contribution of Si and other physical-chemical characteristics of biochars (including potential antagonistic effects); ii) the pyrolysis process to a) optimize Si availability in the soil and its uptake by the crop and b) to minimize formation of harmful compounds e.g. cristobalite; iii) on the optimal form of biochar, e.g. Si-nano particles on the surface of the biochar, micron-sized biochar-based compound fertilizer vs larger biochar porous matrices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alain Ratnadass
- CIRAD, UPR AIDA, 97410 Saint-Pierre, Réunion, France; AIDA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France.
| | - Ana L Llandres
- AIDA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR AIDA, Institut de Recherche Coton (IRC), Cotonou, Benin; CIRAD, UPR AIDA, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Cotonou, Benin
| | - François-Régis Goebel
- AIDA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR AIDA, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Olivier Husson
- AIDA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR AIDA, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Janine Jean
- AIDA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR AIDA, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Alfredo Napoli
- CIRAD, UPR BioWooEB, 34398 Montpellier, France; BioWooEB, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Mathilde Sester
- AIDA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, UPR Aïda, Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Institut Technologique du Cambodge, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Stephen Joseph
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, School of Physics, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang N, Ye X, Gao Y, Liu G, Liu Z, Zhang Q, Liu E, Sun S, Ren X, Jia Z, Siddique KHM, Zhang P. Environment and agricultural practices regulate enhanced biochar-induced soil carbon pools and crop yield: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167290. [PMID: 37742948 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Using biochar in agriculture to enhance soil carbon storage and productivity has been recognized as an effective means of carbon sequestration. However, the effects on crop yield and soil carbon and nitrogen can vary depending on environmental conditions, field management, and biochar conditions. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis to identify the factors contributing to these inconsistencies. We found that biochar application significantly increased soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), easily oxidized carbon (EOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), total nitrogen (TN), and the C:N ratio in topsoil (0-20 cm) and crop yields. Biochar was most effective in tropical regions, increasing SOC, Soil TN, and crop yield the most, with relatively moderate pyrolysis temperatures (550-650 °C) more conducive to SOC accumulation and relatively low pyrolysis temperatures (<350 °C) more conducive to increasing soil carbon components and crop yields. Biochar made from manure effectively increased soil carbon components and TN. Soil with low fertility (original SOC < 5 g kg-1; original TN < 0.6 g kg-1), coarse texture, and acidity (pH < 5.5) showed more effective results. However, biochar application rates should not be too high and should be combined with appropriate nitrogen fertilizer. And biochar application had long-term positive effects on soil carbon storage and crop yield. Overall, we recommend using small amounts of biochar with lower pyrolysis temperatures in soils with low fertility, coarse texture, and tropical regions for optimal economic and environmental benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nanhai Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu Ye
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gaoxiang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zihan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qilin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Enke Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shikun Sun
- College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolong Ren
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhikuan Jia
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth WA6001, Australia
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage Science in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Thakur BK, Sharma S, Sharma A, Shivani, Singh KK, Pal PK. Integration of biochar with nitrogen in acidic soil: A strategy to sequester carbon and improve the yield of stevia via altering soil properties and nutrient recycling. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118872. [PMID: 37683384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The health of agroecosystems is subsiding unremittingly, and the over-use of chemical fertilizers is one of the key reasons. It is hypothesized that integrating biochar, a carbon (C)-rich product, would be an effective approach to reducing the uses of synthetic fertilizers and securing crop productivity through improving soil properties and nutrient cycling. The bamboo biochar at different quantities (4-12 Mg ha-1) and combinations with chemical fertilizers were tested in stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) farming in silty clay acidic soil. The integration of biochar at 8 Mg ha-1 with 100% nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) produced statistically (p ≤ 0.05) higher leaf area index, dry leaf yield, and steviol glycosides yield by about 18.0-33.0, 25.8-44.9, and 20.5-59.4%, respectively, compared with the 100% NPK via improving soil physicochemical properties. Soil bulk density was reduced by 5-8% with biochar at ≥ 8 Mg ha-1, indicating the soil porosity was increased by altering the soil macrostructure. The soil pH was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) augmented with the addition of biochar alone or in the combination of N because of the alkaline nature of the used biochar (pH = 9.65). Furthermore, integrating biochar at 8 Mg ha-1 with 100% NPK increased 22.7% soil organic C compared with the sole 100% NPK. The priming effect of applied N activates soil microorganisms to mineralize the stable C. Our results satisfy the hypothesis that adding bamboo biochar would be a novel strategy for sustaining productivity by altering soil physicochemical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Babit Kumar Thakur
- Division of Agrotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Post Box No. 6, Palampur, HP, 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Surbhi Sharma
- Division of Agrotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Post Box No. 6, Palampur, HP, 176061, India
| | - Aditi Sharma
- Division of Agrotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Post Box No. 6, Palampur, HP, 176061, India
| | - Shivani
- Division of Agrotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Post Box No. 6, Palampur, HP, 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Singh
- Division of Agrotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Post Box No. 6, Palampur, HP, 176061, India
| | - Probir Kumar Pal
- Division of Agrotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Post Box No. 6, Palampur, HP, 176061, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Labanya R, Srivastava PC, Pachauri SP, Shukla AK, Shrivastava M, Srivastava P. Valorisation of phyto-biochars as slow release micronutrients and sulphur carrier for agriculture. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:2431-2440. [PMID: 35029138 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2029953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Slow release micronutrients and sulphur sources are required for higher use efficiency of fertilizers in agriculture. The present investigation was undertaken to examine the salt soluble, desorbed and specifically sorbed fractions of micronutrients and sulphur in nutrient enriched phyto-biochars incubated at 15, 25 and 35°C for 48 h after pyrolysis of Lantana sp., Pinus sp. needles and wheat straw at 300 and 450 °C. The highest salt soluble fractions of Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn and B were recorded with pine needle biochar pyrolyzed at 300 °C, whereas that of S with lantana biochar pyrolyzed at 300 °C. The highest desorbed contents of Zn, Cu and Mn were with pine needle biochar (300 °C) and that of B and S with wheat straw biochar (450 °C) and lantana biochar (300 °C), respectively. An increase in incubation temperature from 15 to 25 °C increased the salt soluble contents of Zn and specifically sorbed contents of Fe and B but decreased salt soluble contents of Fe and B and desorbed amount of S significantly. Further, increase in incubation temperature from 25 to 35 °C significantly decreased the salt soluble contents of all nutrients except Mn and desorbed amount of S but increased specifically sorbed amount of Fe, B and S. Considering the salt soluble and desorbed contents of nutrients in enriched phyto-biochars, especially pine needle biochar pyrolyzed at 300 °C and treated with marginal or deficient nutrients for 2 d at 15-25 °C appeared to be suitable as a slow release fertilizer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rini Labanya
- Department of Soil Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Prakash C Srivastava
- Department of Soil Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Satya P Pachauri
- Department of Soil Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | | | - Manoj Shrivastava
- Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Srivastava
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Land and Water, Urrbrae, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang Y, Du H, Chen Y, Wei H, Dai Q, Liu J, Li Z. Influence of biochar-based urea substituting urea on rice yield, bacterial community and nitrogen cycling in paddy fields. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:2794-2805. [PMID: 36369962 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing understanding of the importance of biochar-based fertilizers in agroecosystems. However, no research has evaluated the effects of partial substitution of urea with biochar-based urea on rice yields and soil microbial communities. We therefore investigated the rice yields, bacterial communities, and gene abundance involved in nitrogen in silty clay and sandy loam soil paddy fields treated with urea (U), total substitution of urea with biochar-based urea (BSU), partial substitution of urea with biochar-based urea in basal and tillering fertilizers (BSU1), and partial substitution of urea with biochar-based urea in panicle fertilizers (BSU2). RESULTS Compared with U, applying biochar-based urea increased rice yields, with BSU2 having the most notable effect. Principal coordinate analysis revealed that bacterial communities treated with BSU2 in both soils were significantly different from those treated with U and BSU, most probably due to the decrease in pH caused by the decrease in the concentration of ammonium. The relative abundance of Subdivision3_genera_incertae_sedis, Azotobacter, Geobacter, Buchnera, and Terrimonas in silty clay soils and Saccharibacteria_genera_incertae_sedis and Geobacter in sandy loam soils significantly increased when treated with BSU2 and was positively correlated with rice yields, indicating that the improvements in rice yield were associated with changes in bacterial communities. Based upon amoA/narG related to nitrate accumulation and norB/nosZ related to nitrous oxide emissions, BSU2 enabled a lower risk of nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide emissions in both soils, in comparison with the U and BSU treatments. CONCLUSION The BSU2 treatment had a stronger yield-increasing effect than biochar-based urea alone and lowered the risk of nitrogen pollution, which is beneficial to the sustainable development of paddy fields. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haimeng Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yinglong Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huanhe Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qigen Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiumei Liu
- Technology Development Research Institute of Testing and Certification, Jiangxi General Institute of Testing and Certification, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhijiang Li
- Jiangxi Xinbang Biochemical Co., Ltd., Jiujiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang K, Hou J, Zhang S, Hu W, Yi G, Chen W, Cheng L, Zhang Q. Preparation of a new biochar-based microbial fertilizer: Nutrient release patterns and synergistic mechanisms to improve soil fertility. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 860:160478. [PMID: 36574551 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The contradiction between population growth and soil degradation has been increasingly prominent, such that novel fertilizers (e.g., biochar and microbial fertilizers) should be urgently developed. Biochar is a promising fertilizer carrier for microbial fertilizers due to its porous structure. However, the preparation and mechanisms of the effects of biochar-based microbial fertilizers have been rarely investigated. In this study, biochar, Bacillus, and exogenous N-P-K fertilizers served as the raw materials to prepare biochar-based microbial fertilizers (BCMFs) by optimizing the preparation methods and the process parameters. Moreover, the release patterns of N-P-K were analyzed. A pot experiment was performed on pakchoi to examine the effect of the BCMFs and explore its synergistic effect on soil fertility. The results of this study indicated that adsorption by biochar maintained bacterial activity, whereas the granulation process reduced bacterial activity. The adsorption-granulation process increased the content of total nitrogen and organic matter in the soil while enhancing the slow-release effect of the BCMFs. The Elovich model was capable of describing the nitrogen release of the BCMFs, including the diffusion and chemical processes. As indicated by the result of the column leaching experiment, the BCMFs stopped nutrient leaching more significantly than the conventional fertilizers (CF), especially in stopping N and P leaching. The use of the BCMFs improved the available soil nutrients and soil quality while enhancing the abundance of bacteria correlated with carbon and nitrogen metabolism in the soil. Moreover, a 20 % reduction in the use of the BCMFs did not significantly affect the soil available N and P and the growth status of pakchoi. The result of redundancy analysis indicated that the cation exchange capacity (CEC), NH4+-N, NO3--N, β-glucosidase (BG), urease (URE), and alkaline phosphatase (AlkP) were the six critical environmental factors for the microbial community structure and could explain 94.8 % of the variance. The BCMFs up-regulated the levels of the above six factors, especially CEC and BG, thus improving the soil quality and enhancing the soil fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kainan Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Jinju Hou
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Shudong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjin Hu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Guanwen Yi
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Qiuzhuo Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), 3663 N. Zhongshan Rd., Shanghai 200062, China; Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Farhangi-Abriz S, Ghassemi-Golezani K. Improving electrochemical characteristics of plant roots by biochar is an efficient mechanism in increasing cations uptake by plants. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137365. [PMID: 36427572 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical properties of roots such as zeta potential and cation exchange capacity are important factors that play a critical role in the absorption of nutrients by plants. Adding biochar to the soil may improve the electrochemical properties of the roots and thereby increase absorption of nutrients by plants. Thus, this research was laid out under greenhouse condition to evaluate the possible effects of biochar addition to soil (25 g biochar kg-1 soil) on changing electrochemical properties of roots, nutrients absorption, and growth parameters of safflower (with a deep root system) and mint (with a shallow root system) plants. Biochar noticeably increased pH and cation exchange capacity of soil, safflower and mint growth, calcium, magnesium and iron contents in roots and maximum sorption capacity of these nutrients by plant roots. Electrochemical measurements reveled that biochar application increases negative charges on root surface area (by about 30% and 36% in safflower and mint roots, respectively), cation exchange capacity of roots and root activity in both plants. On the other hand, biochar reduced zeta potential in plant roots (more negative potential). Reduction of zeta potential by biochar application were about 31% and 42% in safflower and mint roots, respectively. The cation-exchange groups (hydroxycinnamic acid + carboxyl groups) were increased due to biochar treatment by about 30% in safflower and 32% in mint roots. As an annual plant with deep roots, safflower roots had more functional groups, cation exchange capacity and root activity than mint plant in both biochar and control conditions. Results of this research showed that biochar not only adjusts physicochemical properties of rhizosphere, but also improves electrochemical specification of plant roots via increasing number of functional groups on root cell walls, which enhances maximum sorption capability of plant roots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salar Farhangi-Abriz
- Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Kazem Ghassemi-Golezani
- Department of Plant Eco-physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Miao W, Li F, Lu J, Wang D, Chen M, Tang L, Xu Z, Chen W. Biochar application enhanced rice biomass production and lodging resistance via promoting co-deposition of silica with hemicellulose and lignin. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158818. [PMID: 36122710 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biochar, an environmentally friendly soil amendment, is created via a series of thermochemical processes from carbon-rich organic matter. The biochar addition enhances soil characteristics dramatically and increases crop growth and yields. However, the mechanism by which biochar improves plant lodging resistance, which is heavily influenced by cell walls, remains unknown. Three rice cultivars were grown in an experimental field provided with four concentrations of biochar (10, 20, 30, 40 t ha-1). The biochar application enhanced biomass production and lodging resistance in all three cultivars by up to 29 % and 22 %, respectively, with the largest improvement at a biochar application rate of 30 t ha-1. Biochar application significantly enhanced stem cell wall-related characteristics, with an increase in stem breaking force, wall thickness, and plumpness of 52 %, 32 %, and 21 %, respectively, which are suggested to be major contributors to enhanced lodging resistance and biomass yield. Notably, cell wall composition and silica content analysis indicated a significant increase in hemicellulose, lignin, and silica content in biochar-treated samples up to 36 %, 13 %, and 58 %, respectively, when compared to plants not treated with biochar. Integrative analysis suggested that silica, hemicellulose, and lignin were co-deposited in cell walls, which influenced biomass production and lodging resistance. Furthermore, the transcriptome profile revealed that biochar application increased the expression of genes involved in biomass production, cell wall formation, and silica deposition. This study suggests that biochar application might improve both biomass production and lodging resistance by promoting the co-deposition of silicon with hemicellulose and lignin in cell walls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Miao
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Fengcheng Li
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Jiancheng Lu
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Donglei Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Mingkai Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Zhengjin Xu
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Wenfu Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Shenyang Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Northern geng Super Rice Breeding, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kalina M, Sovova S, Svec J, Trudicova M, Hajzler J, Kubikova L, Enev V. The Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature and the Source Biomass on the Properties of Biochar Produced for the Agronomical Applications as the Soil Conditioner. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8855. [PMID: 36556661 PMCID: PMC9781868 DOI: 10.3390/ma15248855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Biochar is a versatile carbon-rich organic material originating from pyrolyzed biomass residues that possess the potential to stabilize organic carbon in the soil, improve soil fertility and water retention, and enhance plant growth. For the utilization of biochar as a soil conditioner, the mutual interconnection of the physicochemical properties of biochar with the production conditions used during the pyrolysis (temperature, heating rate, residence time) and the role of the origin of used biomass seem to be crucial. The aim of the research was focused on a comparison of the properties of biochar samples (originated from oat brans, mixed woodcut, corn residues and commercial compost) produced at different temperatures (400-700 °C) and different residence times (10 and 60 min). The results indicated similar structural features of produced biochar samples; nevertheless, the original biomass showed differences in physicochemical properties. The morphological and structural analysis showed well-developed aromatic porous structures for biochar samples originated from oat brans, mixed woodcut and corn residues. The higher pyrolysis temperature resulted in lower yields; however, it provided products with higher content of organic carbon and a more developed surface area. The lignocellulose biomass with higher contents of lignin is an attractive feedstock material for the production of biochar with potential agricultural applications.
Collapse
|
21
|
Song B, Almatrafi E, Sang F, Wang W, Zhang C, Shen M, Zhou C, Tang X, Zeng G, Gong J. Managing Fenton-treated sediment with biochar and sheep manure compost: Effects on the evolutionary characteristics of bacterial community. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 316:115218. [PMID: 35580508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fenton oxidation is a widely used method for the fast and efficient treatment of contaminated sediment, but few studies have investigated the management of Fenton-treated sediment for resource utilization. In this study, the evolutionary characteristics of bacterial community composition in Fenton-treated riverine sediment were investigated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing after the incorporation of rice straw biochar and sheep manure compost. The Fenton treatment caused a decline in the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes from 39% to 8% on the 7th day, and using biochar and compost rapidly increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes from 13% to 61% and 57%, respectively. Applying 1.25 wt% biochar after the Fenton treatment contributed to high Shannon diversity indices of 4.80, 4.69, and 4.76 on the 7th, 28th, and 56th day, respectively. The reduced differences of Shannon indexes on the 56th day indicated that the bacterial diversity among different treatments tended to be similar over time. The genera Flavisolibacter and Bacillus were representatively detected on the 7th day in the untreated sediment and Fenton/biochar-treated sediment, respectively. The number of feature bacteria decreased significantly from 88 on the 7th day to 29 on the 56th day. The community functions for the carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles were sensitive to the Fenton-treatment and the subsequent treatment with biochar and compost. This study may provide a useful reference for follow-up work on the remediation of contaminated sediment using advanced oxidation processes, and promote the development of resource utilization of amended sediment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biao Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Eydhah Almatrafi
- Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems, Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fan Sang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Maocai Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Chengyun Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiang Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Jilai Gong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education), Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Martínez-Gómez Á, Poveda J, Escobar C. Overview of the use of biochar from main cereals to stimulate plant growth. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:912264. [PMID: 35982693 PMCID: PMC9378993 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.912264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The total global food demand is expected to increase up to 50% between 2010 and 2050; hence, there is a clear need to increase plant productivity with little or no damage to the environment. In this respect, biochar is a carbon-rich material derived from the pyrolysis of organic matter at high temperatures with a limited oxygen supply, with different physicochemical characteristics that depend on the feedstock and pyrolysis conditions. When used as a soil amendment, it has shown many positive environmental effects such as carbon sequestration, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and soil improvement. Biochar application has also shown huge benefits when applied to agri-systems, among them, the improvement of plant growth either in optimal conditions or under abiotic or biotic stress. Several mechanisms, such as enhancing the soil microbial diversity and thus increasing soil nutrient-cycling functions, improving soil physicochemical properties, stimulating the microbial colonization, or increasing soil P, K, or N content, have been described to exert these positive effects on plant growth, either alone or in combination with other resources. In addition, it can also improve the plant antioxidant defenses, an evident advantage for plant growth under stress conditions. Although agricultural residues are generated from a wide variety of crops, cereals account for more than half of the world's harvested area. Yet, in this review, we will focus on biochar obtained from residues of the most common and relevant cereal crops in terms of global production (rice, wheat, maize, and barley) and in their use as recycled residues to stimulate plant growth. The harvesting and processing of these crops generate a vast number and variety of residues that could be locally recycled into valuable products such as biochar, reducing the waste management problem and accomplishing the circular economy premise. However, very scarce literature focused on the use of biochar from a crop to improve its own growth is available. Herein, we present an overview of the literature focused on this topic, compiling most of the studies and discussing the urgent need to deepen into the molecular mechanisms and pathways involved in the beneficial effects of biochar on plant productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Martínez-Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Jorge Poveda
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carolina Escobar
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chew J, Joseph S, Chen G, Zhang Y, Zhu L, Liu M, Taherymoosavi S, Munroe P, Mitchell DRG, Pan G, Li L, Bian R, Fan X. Biochar-based fertiliser enhances nutrient uptake and transport in rice seedlings. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:154174. [PMID: 35231505 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biochar-based compound fertilisers (BCF) are gaining increasing attention as they are cost-effectiveness and improve soil fertility and crop yield. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which micron-size BCF particles enhance crop growth. In the present study, Wuyunjing7 rice seedlings were exposed to micron-size particles of wheat straw-based BCF (mBCF) diffused through a 25-μm nylon mesh. The control was fertilised with urea, diammonium phosphate, and potassium chloride to ensure that both treatments received comparables level of N, P, and K. The effects of mBCF on rice seedling growth were evaluated by determining the changes in nitrogen uptake and utilisation via nitrogen content measurements, short-term 15N-NH4+ influx assays, and analyses of transcript-level nutrient transporter gene expression. The shoot biomass of rice seedling treated with mBCF at the rate of 5 mg/ g soil was 33% greater than that for the control. Root and shoot 15N accumulation rates were 44% and 14% higher, respectively, in the mBCF-treated than the control. The mBCF-treated rice seedlings had higher phosphorus, potassium, and iron content than the control. Moreover, the treatments significantly differed in terms of their nutrient transporter gene expression levels. Spectroscopy and microscopy were used to visualise nutrient distributions across transverse root sections. There were relatively higher iron oxide nanoparticle and silicon-based compound concentrations in the roots of the mBCF-treated rice seedlings than in those of the control. The foregoing difference might account for the fact that the growth of the mBCF-treated rice was superior to that of the control. We demonstrated that the mBCF treatment created a more negative electrical potential at the root epidermal cell layer (~ - 160 mV) than the root surface. This potential difference may have been the driving force for mineral nutrient absorption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JinKiat Chew
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Stephen Joseph
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials and School of Physics, University of Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Guanhong Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yuyue Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Longlong Zhu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Minglong Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | | - Paul Munroe
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - David R G Mitchell
- Electron Microscopy Centre, AIIM Building, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2517, Australia
| | - Genxing Pan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lianqing Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Rongjun Bian
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yin D, Yang X, Wang H, Guo X, Wang S, Wang Z, Ding G, Yang G, Zhang J, Jin L, Lan Y. Effects of chemical-based fertilizer replacement with biochar-based fertilizer on albic soil nutrient content and maize yield. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:517-528. [PMID: 35647296 PMCID: PMC9123301 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochar-based fertilizers are used to improve soil's physiochemical and biological properties and increase fertilizer utilization rate. Therefore, a technological model of biochar-based fertilizers is essential for the reduced application. This study was conducted to determine the effects of the different levels of biochar-based fertilizer applications on soil and plant nutrient content, as well as maize yield. Biochar-based fertilizer increased the total N content of maize stem and kernel and the total P content of maize axis and kernel. Biochar-based fertilizer increased the total P but decreased the total K of maize plants while increasing the fertilizer's partial productivity. Treatment B1 (600.00 kg hm-2 of biochar-based fertilizer) increased the dry-matter weight of the maize at silking and filling stages by 1.60 and 15.83%. Treatment B1 increased the ear length, diameter, and plant height. Compared with BCK (600.00 kg hm-2 of conventional fertilizer), the yield of B1 was increased by 9.23%, and the difference was significant (p < 0.05). Biochar-based fertilizer treatments B2-B5 (biochar-based fertilizer reduced by 5-20%) reduced maize yield, but there was no significant difference between their yield and BCK. This study aimed to provide a basic understanding and reference for maize fertilizer reduction with good application prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Yin
- College of Agricultural Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Xiangyu Yang
- College of Agricultural Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Haize Wang
- College of Agricultural Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Xiaohong Guo
- College of Agricultural Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Shiqiang Wang
- College of Agricultural Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Zhihui Wang
- College of Agricultural Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Guohua Ding
- College of Tillage and Cultivation of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Guang Yang
- College of Tillage and Cultivation of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150000, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Liang Jin
- College of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Key Laboratory of Biochar and Soil Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R., Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Samoraj M, Mironiuk M, Witek-Krowiak A, Izydorczyk G, Skrzypczak D, Mikula K, Baśladyńska S, Moustakas K, Chojnacka K. Biochar in environmental friendly fertilizers - Prospects of development products and technologies. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:133975. [PMID: 35182533 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
According to the circular economy concept, the production of fertilizers should be closed in a loop, which prevents excessive emissions and harmful effects to the environment. Biological wastes are problematic to collect and transport. They undergo a biological transformation that causes greenhouse gases emission and sanitary hazards. Biomass sources used for organic or organo-mineral fertilizers must be free of pathogens and rich in macro and microelements. Solid residues can be processed thermally. Biochar is a carbon produced by biomass pyrolysis without oxygen presence and has been used for many years to improve soil quality and enhance the efficiency of fertilization. There are many research works on the use of biochar in fertilization. This study is also extended by the latest developments and technologies from the patent database (recent year) and biochar-based fertilizers market. To the best of our knowledge, there is no such review currently available in scientific databases. Based on the collected data, the best method of biochar management was proposed - soil application. Biochar applied to soil has several advantages: it improves soil structure and its sorption capacity, enhances soil-nutrient retention and water-holding capacity, immobilizes contaminants from soil (sorption), reduces greenhouse gas emissions and soil nutrient leaching losses while stimulating the growth of a plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Samoraj
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Mironiuk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
| | - Anna Witek-Krowiak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Izydorczyk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
| | - Dawid Skrzypczak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Mikula
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
| | - Sylwia Baśladyńska
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
| | - Konstantinos Moustakas
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Iroon Polytechniou Str., Zographou Campus, GR-15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Katarzyna Chojnacka
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, 50-373, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Incorporation of engineered nanoparticles of biochar and fly ash against bacterial leaf spot of pepper. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8561. [PMID: 35595743 PMCID: PMC9123008 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10795-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In agriculture, the search for higher net profit is the main challenge in the economy of the producers and nano biochar attracts increasing interest in recent years due to its unique environmental behavior and increasing the productivity of plants by inducing resistance against phytopathogens. The effect of rice straw biochar and fly ash nanoparticles (RSBNPs and FNPs, respectively) in combination with compost soil on bacterial leaf spot of pepper caused by Xanthomonascampestris pv. vesicatoria was investigated both in vitro and in vivo. The application of nanoparticles as soil amendment significantly improved the chili pepper plant growth. However, RSBNPs were more effective in enhancing the above and belowground plant biomass production. Moreover, both RSBNPs and FNPs, significantly reduced (30.5 and 22.5%, respectively), while RSBNPs had shown in vitro growth inhibition of X.campestris pv. vesicatoria by more than 50%. The X-ray diffractometry of RSBNPs and FNPs highlighted the unique composition of nano forms which possibly contributed in enhancing the plant defence against invading X.campestris pv. vesicatoria. Based on our findings, it is suggested that biochar and fly ash nanoparticles can be used for reclaiming the problem soil and enhance crop productivity depending upon the nature of the soil and the pathosystem under investigation.
Collapse
|
27
|
Fazzalari A, Abou‐Zaid M, Briens C, Briens L. Impact of post‐pyrolysis wash on biochar properties. CAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Fazzalari
- Faculty of Engineering The University of Western Ontario London ON Canada
| | - Mamdouh Abou‐Zaid
- Faculty of Engineering The University of Western Ontario London ON Canada
| | - Cedric Briens
- Faculty of Engineering The University of Western Ontario London ON Canada
| | - Lauren Briens
- Faculty of Engineering The University of Western Ontario London ON Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Liu X, Ma Y, Manevski K, Andersen MN, Li Y, Wei Z, Liu F. Biochar and alternate wetting-drying cycles improving rhizosphere soil nutrients availability and tobacco growth by altering root growth strategy in Ferralsol and Anthrosol. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150513. [PMID: 34571228 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been advocated as a sustainable and eco-friendly practice to improve soil fertility and crop productivity which could aid in the mitigation of climate change. Nonetheless, the combined effects of biochar and irrigation on tobacco growth and soil nutrients in diverse soil types have been incompletely explored. We applied a split-root experiment to investigate the impacts of amendment with 2% softwood- (WBC) and wheat-straw biochar (SBC) on growth responses and rhizosphere soil nutrients availability of tobacco plants grown in a Ferralsol and an Anthrosol. All plants within same soil type received same amount of water daily by either conventional deficit irrigation (CDI) or alternate wetting-drying cycles irrigation (AWD). Compared to the un-amended controls, SBC addition enhanced biomass, carbon (C)-, phosphorus (P)- and potassium (K)-pool in the aboveground organs especially in Anthrosol, despite a negative effect on aboveground nitrogen (N)-pool. Regardless of soil type, biochar combined with AWD lowered root diameter while increased root tissue mass density to engage the plant in an acquisitive strategy for resources, therefore altered leaves stoichiometry as exemplified by lowered N/K, C/P and N/P and increased C/N. The addition of SBC induced a liming effect by increasing Anthrosol soil pH which was further amplified by AWD, but was unaffected on Ferralsol. Moreover, compared to the controls, SBC and AWD increased available P and K, and total C, total N and C/N ratio in the rhizosphere soil which coincided with the lowered soil C and N isotope composition (δ13C and δ15N), though a slight reduction in C and N stocks under AWD. However, such effects were not evident with WBC might be associated with its natures. Thus, combined SBC/AWD application might be an effective strategy to synergistically overcome nutrients restriction and improve tobacco productivity by intensifying nutrients cycling and optimizing plant growth strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Weihui Road 23, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Yingying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Weihui Road 23, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kiril Manevski
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu Campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, 101400 Beijing, China
| | - Mathias Neumann Andersen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu Campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, 101400 Beijing, China
| | - Yue Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Weihui Road 23, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhenhua Wei
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China; College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Weihui Road 23, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Fulai Liu
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegaard Alle 13, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark; Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Eastern Yanqihu Campus, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 380 Huaibeizhuang, 101400 Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Farrar MB, Wallace HM, Xu CY, Joseph S, Nguyen TTN, Dunn PK, Bai SH. Biochar compound fertilisers increase plant potassium uptake 2 years after application without additional organic fertiliser. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:7170-7184. [PMID: 34472026 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16236-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biochar compound fertilisers (BCFs) are an emerging technology that combine biochar with nutrients, clays and minerals and can be formulated to address specific issues in soil-plant systems. However, knowledge of BCF performance over consecutive crops and without re-application is limited. This study aims to assess the residual effect of organic BCFs soil-plant nutrient cycling 2 years after application and without additional fertiliser inputs. We applied BCFs and biochar with organic fertiliser amendments and established a crop of ginger and a second crop of turmeric (Curcuma longa) without re-application or additional fertilisation. All treatment formulations included bamboo-biochar and organic fertiliser amendments; however, two novel BCFs were formulated to promote agronomic response in an intensive cropping system. We report here on the effect of treatments on soil and plant macronutrient and micronutrient cycling and turmeric growth, biomass and yield at harvest. Both BCFs (enriched (10 t ha-1) and organo-mineral biochar (8.6 t ha-1) increased foliar K (+155% and +120%) and decreased foliar Mg (-20% and -19%) concentration compared with all other treatments, suggesting antagonism between K and Mg. Plants were limited for K, P and B at harvest but not N, Ca or Mg. Foliar K was dependent on the biochar formulation rather than the rate of application. Biochar-clay aggregates increased K retention and cycling in the soil solution 2 years after application. Clay blended BCFs reduced K limitation in turmeric compared to biochar co-applied with organic amendments, suggesting these blends can be used to manage organic K nutrition. All formulations and rates of biochar increased leaf biomass and shoot-to-root ratio. Novel BCFs should be considered as an alternative to co-applying biochar with organic fertiliser amendments to decrease application rates and increase economic feasibility for farmers. Applying BCFs without re-application or supplementary fertiliser did not provide sufficient K or P reserves in the second year for consecutive cropping. Therefore, supplementary fertilisation is recommended to avoid nutrient deficiency and reduced yield for consecutive organic rhizome crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Farrar
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, QLD, 4558, Australia.
| | - Helen M Wallace
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| | - Cheng-Yuan Xu
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD, 4760, Australia
| | - Stephen Joseph
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Thi Thu Nhan Nguyen
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, QLD, 4558, Australia
- Faculty of Environment, Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Peter K Dunn
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, QLD, 4558, Australia
| | - Shahla Hosseini Bai
- Genecology Research Centre, School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, QLD, 4558, Australia
- Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, School of Environment and Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ndoung OCN, Figueiredo CCD, Ramos MLG. A scoping review on biochar-based fertilizers: enrichment techniques and agro-environmental application. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08473. [PMID: 34917792 PMCID: PMC8646155 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochar is a carbonized biomass that can be used as a soil amendment. However, the exclusive use of biochar may present some limitations, such as the lack of nutrients. Thus, biochar enrichment techniques have made it possible to obtain biochar-based fertilizers (BCFs), with great potential to improve soil fertility. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of information about the description, advantages, and limitations of the methods used for biochar enrichment. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the production methods of enriched biochar and its performance in agriculture as a soil amendment. Studies demonstrate that the application of BCF is more effective in improving soil properties and crop yields than the exclusive application of pure biochar or other fertilizers. The post-pyrolysis method is the most used technique for enriching biochar. Future studies should focus on understanding the mechanisms of the long-term application of BCFs.
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhou M, Ying S, Chen J, Jiang P, Teng Y. Effects of biochar-based fertilizer on nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen losses via leaching and ammonia volatilization from an open vegetable field. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:65188-65199. [PMID: 34227011 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
It is essential for the sustainable development of agriculture to enhance nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of crop plants by increasing yield and reducing nitrogen (N) losses. Biochar-based fertilizer (BF) has received increasing attention because of its full play to the advantages of chemical compounds with sufficient N and less N loss risk with good adsorption characteristics, but this potential was seldom reported for open-field vegetable crops, NUE of which were significantly lower than cereal crops. A field trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy of BF on NUE in vegetable cropping system by comparison with chemical fertilizer (CF) and partial substitution of organic fertilizers to chemical fertilizers (COF). The yield, plant N uptake, residual soil mineral N, and N losses via leaching and ammonia volatilization from an open vegetable (water spinach, Ipomoea aquatica L.) field were analyzed. The results indicated that BF treatment had significantly higher yield, plant N uptake, and NUE (agronomic efficiency and recovery efficiency as the NUE indicators), compared with those of CF and COF treatments. N losses via leaching were respectively accounted for 53.30%, 37.74%, and 33.39%; and N losses via ammonia volatilization were respectively accounting to 1.13%, 0.78%, and 1.54% of N fertilizer applied (at a rate of 200 kg N/ha) in CF, COF, and BF treatments. Despite the increasing ammonia volatilization due to the alkalinity of biochar, BF treatment significantly enhance NUE by increasing N uptake by water spinach and minimizing N losses via leaching. This study suggested that BF could serve as a promising slow-release N fertilizer for sustainable N management in field vegetable production and provided critical information for the development and dissemination of BF management guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaorong Zhou
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Shanshan Ying
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
| | - Junhui Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Peikun Jiang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yuanxin Teng
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dong D, Li J, Ying S, Wu J, Han X, Teng Y, Zhou M, Ren Y, Jiang P. Mitigation of methane emission in a rice paddy field amended with biochar-based slow-release fertilizer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 792:148460. [PMID: 34147789 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite improving soil quality and reducing nitrogen (N) loss in paddy soil, replacing chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer would significantly accelerate greenhouse gas emission in terms of methane (CH4). The application of slow-release fertilizer has been proposed an effective approach to control CH4 emissions, in addition to reducing N loss. Yet, the understanding of CH4 emissions from paddy fields with the additions of different fertilizers is still less known. Therefore, the effects of different fertilizer treatments, including chemical fertilizer treatment (CF), mixed chemical and organic fertilizer treatment (OF), biochar-based slow-release fertilizer treatment (SF), and no fertilizer control treatment (CK) on CH4 emissions and methanogenic community structure in paddy soils were investigated through a field experiment. Results showed that slow-release fertilizer addition significantly decreased CH4 emissions by 33.4%, during the whole rice growing season compared to those in OF. The cumulative CH4 emissions were in a significantly positive relation to soil NH4+-N. Slow-release fertilizer amendment decreased the relative abundances of Methanosarcina and Methanoregula and increased the relative abundances of hydrogenotrophic Methanocella and Rice Cluster I. Reduced CH4 emissions with slow-release fertilizer amendment might be mainly attributed to the different forms of N in the fertilizer and available potassium (K) in the paddy soil. Our findings produce novel insights into the application of slow-release fertilizer in controlling CH4 emissions from rice fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Shanshan Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jiasen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xingguo Han
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich (ETH Zurich), Universitätstrasse 16, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
| | - Yuanxin Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Miaorong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Peikun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Feng Y, He H, Li D, He S, Yang B, Xue L, Chu Q. Biowaste hydrothermal carbonization aqueous product application in rice paddy: Focus on rice growth and ammonia volatilization. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130233. [PMID: 34384170 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is known as a green biomass conversion technology. However, it often suffers from the issue of disposing hydrothermal carbonization aqueous products (HCAP). Based on the characterization and composition of acidic HCAP, a rice paddy soil column experiment was conducted to observe the effects of HCAP on ammonia (NH3) volatilization form paddy soil and rice yield. The experiment was designed with five treatments. HCAPs were produced at 220 °C and (SHC220-L) and 260 °C (SHC260-L) derived from poplar sawdust, HCAP produced at 220 °C (WHC220-L) and 260 °C (WHC260-L) derived from wheat straw, and a control group without HCAP application (termed CKU hereafter). The results showed that HCAP treatments increased the rice yield by 4.30%-26.0% compared to CKU. HACPs prepared at lower temperatures (SHC220-L and WHC220-L) mitigated the cumulative NH3 volatilization by 11.2% and 7.6%, respectively, and mitigated yield-scale NH3 volatilization (cumulative NH3 volatilization/total yield) by 14.2% ∼ 22.4%. HCAP significantly improved the N use efficiency of rice. We found that the NH3 volatilization was related to NH4+-N concentration and pH of surface water, soil TOC and NH4+-N oxidation functional genes. This study implied that HCAP could be potentially used as a liquid fertilizer, which will be a potential substitute for chemical N fertilizers. There is still a long way before HCAP can be applied in full-scale for N fertilizer reduction and waste recycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China; Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Huayong He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Detian Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China
| | - Shiying He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Bei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Lihong Xue
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in downstream of Yangze Plain, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China / Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China.
| | - Qingnan Chu
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Xiu L, Zhang W, Wu D, Sun Y, Zhang H, Gu W, Wang Y, Meng J, Chen W. Biochar can improve biological nitrogen fixation by altering the root growth strategy of soybean in Albic soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:144564. [PMID: 33940700 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Albic soil is a low-yielding soil that is widely distributed in Northeast China. The high viscosity and acidity and the lack of nutrients in the Albic layer limit the growth of crop. In our previous studies, we found that applying biochar as a soil amendment could improve the properties of Albic soil and promote soybean growth. Increases in the nitrogen contents of the soil and the soybeans were key aspects of these improvements. Soybean is a nitrogen-fixing crop, the increase in nitrogen in the Albic soil may have been due to an improvement in biological nitrogen fixation by the soybean with biochar amendment, but the function mechanism was still uncertain. We hypothesized that biochar could improve biological nitrogen fixation of soybean by affecting soybean root growth in the Albic soil. Therefore, we conducted pot experiments with five treatment levels (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 g·kg-1 biochar) for two years to study how biochar affects the root growth strategy and biological nitrogen fixation of soybean based on its root structure and root nutrient acquisition ability at different stages. The soybean root structure and activity indexes, nodulation ability and nitrogen uptake were measured at different growth stages; in the second year, at the late seed-filling stage, the stable 15N isotope method was used to elucidate the biological nitrogen fixation process. Regarding root structure at the pod-setting stage, biochar resulted in increases in root length density, specific root length, root diameter and specific tip density but a decrease in root tissue mass density at the pod-setting stage. Biochar improved root nutrient acquisition by increasing root activity, root tip number and root-bleeding sap amount. The change in root growth strategy contributed to the promotion of biological nitrogen fixation by the rhizobia that live symbiotically with soybean, thereby increasing crop yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Xiu
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
| | - Di Wu
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Honggui Zhang
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenqi Gu
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuning Wang
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Jun Meng
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenfu Chen
- Biochar Engineering & Technology Research Center of Liaoning Province, Rice Research Institute, Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kumar A, Friedman H, Tsechansky L, Graber ER. Distinctive in-planta acclimation responses to basal growth and acute heat stress were induced in Arabidopsis by cattle manure biochar. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9875. [PMID: 33972570 PMCID: PMC8110981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88856-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In-planta mechanisms of biochar (BC)-mediated improved growth were evaluated by examining oxidative stress, metabolic, and hormonal changes of Arabidopsis wild-type plants under basal or acute heat stress (-HS/ + HS) conditions with or without BC (+ BC/-BC). The oxidative stress was evaluated by using Arabidopsis expressing redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein in the plastids (pla-roGFP2). Fresh biomass and inflorescence height were greater in + BC(‒HS) plants than in the -BC(‒HS) plants, despite similar leaf nutrient levels, photosystem II (PSII) maximal efficiencies and similar oxidative poise. Endogenous levels of jasmonic and abscisic acids were higher in the + BC(‒HS) treatment, suggesting their role in growth improvement. HS in ‒BC plants caused reductions in inflorescence height and PSII maximum quantum yield, as well as significant oxidative stress symptoms manifested by increased lipid peroxidation, greater chloroplast redox poise (oxidized form of roGFP), increased expression of DNAJ heat shock proteins and Zn-finger genes, and reduced expression of glutathione-S-transferase gene in addition to higher abscisic acid and salicylic acid levels. Oxidative stress symptoms were significantly reduced by BC. Results suggest that growth improvements by BC occurring under basal and HS conditions are induced by acclimation mechanisms to 'microstresses' associated with basal growth and to oxidative stress of HS, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abhay Kumar
- Department of Soil Chemistry, Plant Nutrition and Microbiology, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Haya Friedman
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Ludmila Tsechansky
- Department of Soil Chemistry, Plant Nutrition and Microbiology, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Ellen R Graber
- Department of Soil Chemistry, Plant Nutrition and Microbiology, Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nguyen AM, Pham NT, Nguyen LN, Nguyen AT, Nguyen HX, Nguyen DD, Tran TM, Nguyen AD, Tran PD, Nguyen MN. Silicic acid increases dispersibility of micro-sized biochars. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
37
|
Timmis K, Ramos JL. The soil crisis: the need to treat as a global health problem and the pivotal role of microbes in prophylaxis and therapy. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:769-797. [PMID: 33751840 PMCID: PMC8085983 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil provides a multitude of services that are essential to a healthily functioning biosphere and continuity of the human race, such as feeding the growing human population and the sequestration of carbon needed to counteract global warming. Healthy soil availability is the limiting parameter in the provision of a number of these services. As a result of anthropogenic abuses, and natural and global warming-promoted extreme weather events, Planet Earth is currently experiencing an unprecedented crisis of soil deterioration, desertification and erosive loss that increasingly prejudices the services it provides. Such services are pivotal to the Sustainability Development Goals formulated by the United Nations. Immediate and coordinated action on a global scale is urgently required to slow and ultimately reverse the loss of healthy soils. Despite the 'dirt-dust', non-vital appearance of soil, it is a highly dynamic living entity, whose life is overwhelmingly microbial. The soil microbiota, which constitutes the greatest reservoir and donor of microbial diversity on Earth, acts as a vast bioreactor, mediating a myriad of chemical reactions that turn the biogeochemical cycles, recycle wastes, purify water, and underpin the multitude of other services soil provides. Fuelling the belowground microbial bioreactor is the aboveground plant and photosynthetic surface microbial life which captures solar energy, fixes inorganic CO2 to organic carbon, and channels fixed carbon and energy into soil. In order to muster an effective response to the crisis, to avoid further deterioration, and to restore unhealthy soils, we need a new and coherent approach, namely to deal with soils worldwide as patients in need of health care and create (i) a public health system for development of effective policies for land use, conservation, restoration, recommendations of prophylactic measures, monitoring and identification of problems (epidemiology), organizing crisis responses, etc., and (ii) a healthcare system charged with soil care: the promotion of good practices, implementation of prophylaxis measures, and institution of therapies for treatment of unhealthy soils and restoration of drylands. These systems need to be national but there is also a desperate need for international coordination. To enable development of effective, evidence-based strategies that will underpin the efforts of soil healthcare systems, a substantial investment in wide-ranging interdisciplinary research on soil health and disease is mandatory. This must lead to a level of understanding of the soil:biota functionalities underlying key ecosystem services that enables formulation of effective diagnosis-prophylaxis-therapy pathways for sustainable use, protection and restoration of different types of soil resources in different climatic zones. These conservation-regenerative-restorative measures need to be complemented by an educative-political-economic-legislative framework that provides incentives encouraging soil care: knowledge, policy, economic and others, and laws which promote international adherence to the principles of restorative soil management. And: we must all be engaged in improving soil health; everyone has a duty of care (https://www.bbc.co.uk/ideas/videos/why-soil-is-one-of-the-most-amazing-things-on-eart/p090cf64). Creative application of microbes, microbiomes and microbial biotechnology will be central to the successful operation of the healthcare systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Timmis
- Institute of MicrobiologyTechnical University BraunschweigBraunschweigGermany
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ghosh A, Agrawal M, Agrawal SB. Examining the effectiveness of biomass-derived biochar for the amelioration of tropospheric ozone-induced phytotoxicity in the Indian wheat cultivar HD 2967. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 408:124968. [PMID: 33418522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A pot study was performed to evaluate the influence of O3 stress with different biochar treatments on a wheat cultivar (HD 2967). Plants were subjected to ambient and elevated (ambient+20 ppb) O3 along with three doses of biochar (0%, 2.5%, and 5%). Elevated ozone alone reduced most of the growth parameters, negatively affecting the test cultivar's physiology. Although enzymatic antioxidants were up-regulated by elevated O3, damage to the membrane integrity was evident by higher MDA content in the wheat leaves. Besides, the uptake of nutrients was observed to be reduced under elevated O3 due to the reduced phyto-availability of the soil's nutrients and cation exchange capacity. Such limitation of assimilates and nutrients marked a trade-off between growth and defence, translating to grain yield loss. However, applying biochar as a soil conditioner ameliorated the detrimental effects of O3 with respect to the economic yield of wheat. Biochar alone improved soil properties and nutrient phyto-availability, which translated to better plant growth, stronger physiological capacity, and higher crop productivity. Thus, the study inferred that altered nutrient phyto-availablity and its uptake, likely associated with biochar-induced improved soil properties, relayed stronger plant physiology and antioxidative defence system to combat O3 induced oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annesha Ghosh
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Madhoolika Agrawal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan Agrawal
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Carneiro JSDS, Ribeiro ICA, Nardis BO, Barbosa CF, Lustosa Filho JF, Melo LCA. Long-term effect of biochar-based fertilizers application in tropical soil: Agronomic efficiency and phosphorus availability. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 760:143955. [PMID: 33341614 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of phosphorus (P) into an organic matrix may be an effective strategy to increase plant P use efficiency in high P-fixing soils. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of biochar-based fertilizers (BBFs), produced from poultry litter (PLB) and coffee husk (CHB) enriched with phosphoric acid and magnesium oxide, in combination with triple superphosphate (TSP) on plant growth and soil P transformations. Treatments were prepared as: TSP, CHB, PLB, CHB + TSP [1:1], CHB + TSP [3:1], PLB + TSP [1:1] and PLB + TSP [3:1]; with numbers in brackets representing the proportion of BBF and TSP on a weight basis. Cultivations were: Mombasa grass, maize, and common bean interspersed with fallow periods. After cultivations, a sequential extraction procedure was employed to determine P distribution among different P pools. A kinetic study was performed and revealed that TSP released approximately 90% of total P, and BBFs less than 10% in the first hour. BBF alone or in combination with TSP presented higher or similar biomass yields, relative agronomic effectiveness, and P uptake when compared with TSP. As for the soil, BBFs increased non-labile P fractions, which can be due to pyrophosphate formed during pyrolysis. According to these results, BBFs could totally or partially replace conventional soluble P fertilizers without compromising crop yield either in the short and long-term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bárbara Olinda Nardis
- Federal University of Lavras, Soil Science Department, Lavras 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chen G, Taherymoosavi S, Cheong S, Yin Y, Akter R, Marjo CE, Rich AM, Mitchell DRG, Fan X, Chew J, Pan G, Li L, Bian R, Horvat J, Mohammed M, Munroe P, Joseph S. Advanced characterization of biomineralization at plaque layer and inside rice roots amended with iron- and silica-enhanced biochar. Sci Rep 2021; 11:159. [PMID: 33420245 PMCID: PMC7794488 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80377-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Application of iron (Fe)- and silica (Si)-enhanced biochar compound fertilisers (BCF) stimulates rice yield by increasing plant uptake of mineral nutrients. With alterations of the nutrient status in roots, element homeostasis (e.g., Fe) in the biochar-treated rice root was related to the formation of biominerals on the plaque layer and in the cortex of roots. However, the in situ characteristics of formed biominerals at the micron and sub-micron scale remain unknown. In this study, rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) were grown in paddy soil treated with BCF and conventional fertilizer, respectively, for 30 days. The biochar-induced changes in nutrient accumulation in roots, and the elemental composition, distribution and speciation of the biomineral composites formed in the biochar-treated roots at the micron and sub-micron scale, were investigated by a range of techniques. Results of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) showed that biochar treatment significantly increased concentrations of nutrients (e.g., Fe, Si, and P) inside the root. Raman mapping and vibrating sample magnetometry identified biochar particles and magnetic Fe nanoparticles associated with the roots. With Fe plaque formation, higher concentrations of FeOx- and FeOxH- anions on the root surface than the interior were detected by time-of-flight secondary ionization mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). Analysis of data from scanning electron microscopy energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and from scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) coupled with EDS or energy electron loss spectroscopy (EELS), determined that Fe(III) oxide nanoparticles were accumulated in the crystalline fraction of the plaque and were co-localized with Si and P on the root surface. Iron-rich nanoparticles (Fe-Si nanocomposites with mixed oxidation states of Fe and ferritin) in the root cortex were identified by using aberration-corrected STEM and in situ EELS analysis, confirming the biomineralization and storage of Fe in the rice root. The findings from this study highlight that the deposition of Fe-rich nanocomposites occurs with contrasting chemical speciation in the Fe plaque and cortex of the rice root. This provides an improved understanding of the element homeostasis in rice with biochar-mineral fertilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanhong Chen
- grid.464309.c0000 0004 6431 5677National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650 China
| | - Sarasadat Taherymoosavi
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Soshan Cheong
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Yao Yin
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Rabeya Akter
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Christopher E. Marjo
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Anne M. Rich
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - David R. G. Mitchell
- grid.1007.60000 0004 0486 528XElectron Microscopy Centre, AIIM Building, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, North Wollongong, NSW 2517 Australia
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jinkiat Chew
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Genxing Pan
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Lianqing Li
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Rongjun Bian
- grid.27871.3b0000 0000 9750 7019College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Joseph Horvat
- grid.1007.60000 0004 0486 528XInstitute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials and School of Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Mohanad Mohammed
- grid.1007.60000 0004 0486 528XInstitute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials and School of Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Paul Munroe
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Stephen Joseph
- grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia ,grid.1007.60000 0004 0486 528XInstitute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials and School of Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mai NT, Nguyen AM, Pham NTT, Nguyen ATQ, Nguyen TT, Do CL, Nguyen NH, Dultz S, Nguyen MN. Colloidal interactions of micro-sized biochar and a kaolinitic soil clay. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 738:139844. [PMID: 32526417 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fine-sized biochars and clay minerals co-present in various circumstances, e.g., agricultural land and water treatment. Because both of these materials are scavengers for nutrients, agrochemicals and other toxicants, their dispersibility and transportability have received much attention. However, little is documented about their colloidal interactions and to what extent biochar particles can stimulate the dispersion of clay minerals. Here, the effect of engineered micro-sized biochar amendment on the surface charge (SC) and colloidal dynamics of the clay fraction of a kaolinite-rich soil was determined. The engineered biochars showed distinctive SC and colloidal properties depending on their pyrolysis conditions (e.g., oxygen level and temperature) and solution chemistry (i.e., pH and cation type). Two types of biochars prepared under non-biochar-oriented pyrolysis (open heating, 'O-biochar') and biochar-oriented pyrolysis (N2-supported heating, 'N2-biochar') showed contrasting effects on the colloidal dynamics of clay. The O-biochars provoked aggregation due to their higher content of soluble salts, which increased ionic strength and provided multivalent cations, inducing bridging between negatively charged colloids. In contrast, the N2 biochars low in soluble salts and rich in negatively charged burned organic matter compounds favoured the dispersion of clay. The adjustment of biochar production methods can therefore be highlighted as the way to customize biochar for specific uses or to reduce the risk of clay loss from soils in the short term. In the long term, when soluble salts are removed by leaching, it is likely that dispersion is facilitated and the risk for erosion increases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nga T Mai
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam.; Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ha Tay Community College, Thuy Xuan Tien, Chuong My, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Anh M Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nga T T Pham
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam.; Institute for Agricultural Environment, Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Phu Do, Nam Tu Liem, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Anh T Q Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam.; Faculty of Biology, Thai Nguyen University of Education, Thai Nguyen University (TNU), 20 Luong Ngoc Quyen, Thai Nguyen, Viet Nam
| | - Thom T Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Chi L Do
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Nam H Nguyen
- University of Science and Technology of Hanoi, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Stefan Dultz
- Institute of Soil Science, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Straße 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Minh N Nguyen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU), 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Viet Nam..
| |
Collapse
|