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Isinkaralar O, Świsłowski P, Isinkaralar K, Rajfur M. Moss as a passive biomonitoring tool for the atmospheric deposition and spatial distribution pattern of toxic metals in an industrial city. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:513. [PMID: 38709416 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12696-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic pollution impacts human and environmental health, climate change, and air quality. Karabük, an industrial area from the Black Sea Region in northern Türkiye, is vulnerable to environmental pollution, particularly soil and air. In this research on methodological aspects, we analyzed the concentrations of six potential toxic metals in the atmospheric deposition of the city using the passive method of moss biomonitoring. The ground-growing terrestrial moss, Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw., was collected during the dry season of August 2023 at 20 urban points. The concentrations of Cr, Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, and Co were determined in mosses by the ICP-MS method. Descriptive statistical analysis was employed to evaluate the status and variance in the spatial distribution of the studied metals, and multivariate analysis, Pearson correlation, and cluster analysis were used to investigate the associations of elements and discuss the most probable sources of these elements in the study area. Cd and Co showed positive and significant inter-element correlations (r > 0.938), representing an anthropogenic association mostly present in the air particles emitted from several metal plants. The results showed substantial impacts from local industry, manufactured activity, and soil dust emissions. Steel and iron smelter plants and cement factories are the biggest emitters of trace metals in the Karabük area and the primary sources of Cr, Cd, Ni, and Co deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oznur Isinkaralar
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Türkiye.
| | - Paweł Świsłowski
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Kominka St. 6, 6a, 45-032, Opole, Poland
| | - Kaan Isinkaralar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Türkiye
| | - Małgorzata Rajfur
- Institute of Biology, University of Opole, Kominka St. 6, 6a, 45-032, Opole, Poland
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He L, Wang S, Huang W, Xu J, Dong Y, Chen Z, Liu Q, Ning X. Response of trace elements in urban deposition to emissions in a northwestern river valley type city: 2010-2021. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169547. [PMID: 38160821 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities release significant quantities of trace elements into the atmosphere, which can infiltrate ecosystems through both wet and dry deposition, resulting in ecological harm. Although the current study focuses on the emission inventory and deposition of trace elements, their complex interactions remain insufficiently explored. In this study, we employ emission inventories and deposition data for eight TEs (Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb) in Lanzhou City to unveil the relationship between these two aspects. Emissions in Lanzhou can be roughly divided into two periods centered around 2017. Preceding 2017, industrial production constituted the primary source of TEs emissions except for As; coal combustion was the primary contributor to Cr, Mn, and As emissions; waste incineration played a significant role in As, Zn, and Cd emissions; biomass combustion influenced Cr and Cd emissions; and transportation sources were the predominant contributors to Pb and Cu emissions. With the establishment of waste-to-energy plants and the implementation of ultra-low emission retrofits, emissions from these sources decreased substantially after 2017. Consequently, emissions from industrial production emerged as the main source of TEs. The deposition concentrations of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, and Pb followed a similar trend to the emissions. However, Cd and As exhibited lower emissions and a less pronounced response relationship. Moreover, Zn concentrations fluctuated within a narrow range and showed a weaker response to emissions. The consistent changes in emissions and TEs deposition concentrations signify a shift in deposition pollution in Lanzhou city from Coal-fired pollution to that driven by transportation and industrial activities. Within this transition, the industrial production process offers significant potential for emission reduction. This insight provides a crucial foundation for managing TEs pollution and implementing strategies to prevent ecological risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang He
- Technology Research Center for Pollution Control and Remediation of Northwest Soil and Groundwater, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Shengli Wang
- Technology Research Center for Pollution Control and Remediation of Northwest Soil and Groundwater, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Wen Huang
- Technology Research Center for Pollution Control and Remediation of Northwest Soil and Groundwater, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Technology Research Center for Pollution Control and Remediation of Northwest Soil and Groundwater, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yinwen Dong
- Technology Research Center for Pollution Control and Remediation of Northwest Soil and Groundwater, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhaoming Chen
- Technology Research Center for Pollution Control and Remediation of Northwest Soil and Groundwater, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Technology Research Center for Pollution Control and Remediation of Northwest Soil and Groundwater, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiang Ning
- Technology Research Center for Pollution Control and Remediation of Northwest Soil and Groundwater, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Guillevic F, Arnaud F, Rossi M, Poulenard J, Sabatier P, Develle AL, Quantin C, Monvoisin G. The legacy of metallurgical atmospheric contamination in a mountainous catchment: A delayed response of Pb contamination. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 895:165127. [PMID: 37379921 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Metal-rich fumes emitted during ore smelting contribute to widespread anthropogenic contamination. Environmental archives (such as lake sediments) record fallouts deposited on lake and terrestrial surfaces during ancient mining and smelting activities. However, very few is known about the potential buffering effect of soils upon which metal falls out, prior to be released through runoff and or/erosion, hence leading to pervasive contamination fluxes long after the ceasing of metallurgical activities. Here we aim at assessing this long-term remobilisation in a mountainous catchment area. Lake sediments and soils were collected 7 km upward a 200-year-old historic mine. The PbAg mine of Peisey-Nancroix was operated between the 17th and the 19th centuries with a documented smelting period of 80 years. In lake sediments, the total Pb content varies from 29 mg.kg-1 prior smelting to 148 mg.kg-1 during ore smelting. Pb isotopes in lake sediments and soils provide evidence of anthropogenic Pb from the local ore (206Pb/207Pb = 1.173; 208Pb/206Pb = 2.094) during and after smelting, suggesting anthropogenic Pb remobilisation for 200 years. The accumulation rates of anthropogenic Pb calculated in lake sediments after the smelting period confirm such a remobilisation. Despite a decrease in this accumulation rate through time, soils still contain significant stocks of anthropogenic Pb (54-89 % of PbANTH). The distribution of present-day anthropogenic Pb in the catchment area depends mainly on topographic characteristics. Coupling lake sediments and soils investigations is thus necessary to constrain the long-term persistence and remobilisation of a diffuse contamination related to mining activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabien Arnaud
- Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, CNRS, EDYTEM, F-73000 Chambéry, France
| | - Magali Rossi
- Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, CNRS, EDYTEM, F-73000 Chambéry, France
| | - Jérôme Poulenard
- Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, CNRS, EDYTEM, F-73000 Chambéry, France
| | - Pierre Sabatier
- Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, CNRS, EDYTEM, F-73000 Chambéry, France
| | - Anne-Lise Develle
- Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, CNRS, EDYTEM, F-73000 Chambéry, France
| | - Cécile Quantin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, GEOPS, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Gaël Monvoisin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, GEOPS, F-91405 Orsay, France
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Velandia-Aquino LB, Botello AV, Ponce-Vélez G, Armstrong-Altrin JS, Ruiz-Fernández AC, Prado B, Villanueva-Fragoso S. 210Pb geochronology and metal concentrations in sediment cores recovered in the Alvarado Lagoon system, Veracruz, Mexico. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 330:138709. [PMID: 37072086 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Three sediment cores recovered from the Alvarado Lagoon System (ALS) in the Gulf of Mexico were used to reconstruct the history of metals and metalloids and their environmental importance. The sedimentary profiles were dated with 210Pb and verified with 137Cs. Maximum ages of 77 and 86 years were estimated. Sediment provenance was described by sedimentological and geochemical proxies. The chemical alteration index (CIA) and weathering index (CIW) revealed moderate to high intensity of weathering in the source area that is controlled tropical climatic conditions, runoff, and precipitation in the basin that feeds sediments to this coastal lagoon. The Al2O3/TiO2 ratios indicated that the sediments were derived from intermediate igneous rocks. The enrichment factor values revealed the lithogenic and anthropic contribution of metals and metalloids. Cd is classified under the category extremely severe enrichment; agricultural activities, fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides containing Cd are expected to supply this metal to the ecosystem. Factor Analysis and Principal Components provided two main factors, terrigenous and biological origins; ANOVA indicated that there are significant differences between the cores for the parameters analyzed and revealed that there are differences in depositional environments between the recovery zones of the cores. The ALS presented natural variations associated with the climatic conditions, terrigenous input, and its relationship with the hydrological variations of the main rivers. The contribution of this work was to identify the magnitude of the natural component versus the human contribution, mainly of risk metals such as Cd, to support better management of the hydrological basin that affects the ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Begoña Velandia-Aquino
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Posgrado en Ciencias de la Tierra, Instituto de Geología. Av. Universidad N° 3000, UNAM CU, Coyoacán, 04510, Cd. de México, Mexico.
| | - Alfonso V Botello
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Laboratorio de Contaminación Marina. Circuito exterior s/n, CU Coyoacán 04510, Cd. de México, Mexico.
| | - Guadalupe Ponce-Vélez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Laboratorio de Contaminación Marina. Circuito exterior s/n, CU Coyoacán 04510, Cd. de México, Mexico.
| | - John S Armstrong-Altrin
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad de Procesos Oceánicos y Costeros, Circuito Exterior s/n, CU Coyoacán, 04510, Cd. de México, Mexico.
| | - Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Laboratorio de Geoquímica Isotópica y Geocronología. Joel Monte Camarena s/n, Col. Playa Sur, 82040, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
| | - Blanca Prado
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geología, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y del Suelo. Av. Universidad N° 3000, UNAM CU, Coyoacán, 04510, Cd. de México, Mexico.
| | - Susana Villanueva-Fragoso
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Laboratorio de Contaminación Marina. Circuito exterior s/n, CU Coyoacán 04510, Cd. de México, Mexico.
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Newman JE, Levasseur PA, Beckett P, Watmough SA. The impact of severe pollution from smelter emissions on carbon and metal accumulation in peatlands in Ontario, Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121102. [PMID: 36669721 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Peatlands are unique habitats that function as a carbon (C) sink and an archive of atmospheric metal deposition. Sphagnum mosses are key components of peatlands but can be adversely impacted by air pollution potentially affecting rates of C and metal accumulation in peat. In this study we evaluate how the loss of Sphagnum in peatlands close to a copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) smelter in Sudbury, Ontario affected C accumulation and metal profiles. The depth of accumulated peat formed during the 100+ year period of smelter activities also increased with distance from the smelter. Concurrently, peat bulk density decreased with distance from the smelter, which resulted in relatively similar average rates of apparent C accumulation (32-46 g/m2/yr). These rates are within the range of published values despite the historically high pollution loadings. Surface peat close to the smelters was greatly enriched in Cu and Ni, and Cu profiles in dated peat cores generally coincide with known pollution histories much better than Ni that increased well before the beginning of smelter activities likely a result of post-deposition mobility in peat cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi E Newman
- Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada.
| | - Patrick A Levasseur
- Environmental and Life Sciences, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Peter Beckett
- School of Natural Sciences and the Vale Living with Lakes Centre, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Shaun A Watmough
- School of the Environment, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, K9L 0G2, Canada
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6
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Pačes T, Krachler M, Novák M, Štěpánová M, Bohdálková L, Přechová E. Atmospheric deposition and trajectories of antimony in Central Europe. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120518. [PMID: 36341823 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) concentrations were measured in wet atmospheric deposition at 10 high-elevation sites in the Czech Republic (Central Europe) during three winter seasons (2009-2011). Soluble and insoluble Sb forms were quantified in snow (vertical deposition) and rime (horizontal deposition) on mountain summits located equidistantly near the Czech borders with Austria, Germany and Poland. The highest Sb concentrations were found in the soluble form in rime (0.47 μg L-1), while the lowest Sb concentrations were those in the insoluble form in snow (0.017 μg L-1). The estimated average Sb deposition rate in Central Europe amounted to 1.3. 10-4 g m-2 yr-1. Most Sb was deposited in the soluble form in snow (7.9. 10-5 g m-2 yr-1), followed by the soluble form in rime (3.5. 10-5 g m-2 yr-1). The corresponding insoluble fraction contained less Sb, namely 1.2. 10-5 g m-2 yr-1 in snow and 2.3. 10-6 g m-2 yr-1 in rime. The average Sb deposition in Central Europe, measured at an altitude of 1000 m a.s.l., was by six orders of magnitude higher compared to Sb deposition in the Arctic (7. 10-10 g m-2 yr-1), and by four orders of magnitude lower compared to Sb deposition in a Sb-Hg mining district in China (7 g m-2 yr-1). Using the HYSPLIT model, backward trajectories of air masses indicated that the Sb sources were predominantly situated in Upper and Lower Silesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Pačes
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, 152 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Martin Novák
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, 152 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Štěpánová
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, 152 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Leona Bohdálková
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, 152 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic; Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Belidla 986/4a, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Přechová
- Czech Geological Survey, Geologicka 6, 152 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
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7
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Wu H, Wang J, Guo J, Hu X, Bao H, Chen J. Record of heavy metals in Huguangyan Maar Lake sediments: Response to anthropogenic atmospheric pollution in Southern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154829. [PMID: 35346700 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The historical atmospheric heavy metal pollution of southern China over the past 200 years was explored by analyzing radiometric dating, heavy metals, and Pb isotopes from a sediment core in Huguangyan Maar Lake. Zn, Cd, Sb, Tl, and Pb in the lake are closely related to anthropogenic activities, while Cr and Ni are mainly derived from the weathering of basalt surrounding the lake. Atmospheric Zn, Cd, Sb, and Tl increased rapidly after 1980, consistent with the local industrial development. The increase of atmospheric Pb in southern China occurred earlier than in other regions of China, with the increase after 1850. War and the use of leaded gasoline were the main causes for the rapid increase in atmospheric Pb during 1910-1950. From 1950 to 2000, the input of Pb from anthropogenic activities decreased gradually due to the stable social environment. After 2000, atmospheric Pb continued to rise due to continued industrial development. The three-end-member model of Pb isotopes indicates that coal combustion is the main source of current atmospheric Pb. The proportion of Pb derived from vehicle exhaust emissions reached a peak in the 1960s, then gradually decreased and further reduced with the ban on leaded gasoline after 2000. These results are important in identifying the sources of atmospheric heavy metal pollution and in formulating pollution control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jingfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Jianyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xinping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hongyun Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jingan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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8
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Bentley C, Junqueira T, Dove A, Vriens B. Mass-Balance Modeling of Metal Loading Rates in the Great Lakes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 205:112557. [PMID: 34919960 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Major elements and nutrients are key water quality monitoring targets in the Great Lakes, but large-scale and long-term data for (trace) metals remains comparatively scarce. Consequently, the sources and processes controlling metal loading rates and potential accumulation in the lakes are not as well constrained. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of select metal loads in the Great Lakes basin, aggregating tributary and connecting channel loads as well as estimates for atmospheric input and sedimentation. In total, 26,845 hydrometric and water quality datapoints from major environmental surveillance programs were compiled into mass-balance calculations and dynamic simulations for 1980-2020. Conservative element (Na, Cl) loads were used to calibrate the black-box approach, and mass-balance for these elements could be achieved at ≥90% and long-term trends accurately reproduced. In contrast, biogeochemically reactive (trace) metals Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb displayed highly variable source-sink behavior across the Great Lakes. Our results show that i) atmospheric inputs, tributary loads, and sedimentation all affect the concentrations and temporal trends of the studied metals but differently in the upper versus lower lakes, ii) smaller tributaries can be disproportionately important to lake-wide metal budgets, and iii) current loading rates may yield increasing lake-wide average Cl concentrations (e.g., up to 2.3 mg/L in Lake Superior) but decreasing metal concentrations (e.g., down to <0.25 μg/L Cu in Lake Ontario) by 2100. This work provides important quantitative baselines for metal loads in the Great Lakes and may help optimize surveillance and management strategies for the preservation of Great Lakes water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colton Bentley
- Department of Geological Sciences & Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Tassiane Junqueira
- Department of Geological Sciences & Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alice Dove
- Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bas Vriens
- Department of Geological Sciences & Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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9
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McDonough AM, Bird AW, Luciani MA, Todd AK. Establishing trace element concentrations for lichens and bryophytes in the ring of fire region of the Hudson Bay Lowlands, Ontario, Canada. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:226. [PMID: 35218420 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09890-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Peatlands dominate the landscape of the Hudson Bay Lowlands in Ontario, Canada. Recently, mineral deposits of chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and copper (Cu) were discovered in the region and anticipated future industrial mining operations have the potential to impact the environment. Lichens and bryophytes are considered excellent biomonitors and indicators of deposition, deriving their nutrients directly from the atmosphere. Trace element concentrations in lichens and bryophytes have not been reported in the Hudson Bay Lowlands. Here, we seek to determine the baseline trace element concentrations of six non-vascular species (Evernia mesomorpha, Bryoria spp., Cladonia stellaris, Cladonia stygia, Sphagnum fuscum, and Sphagnum capillifolium) common to the region, explore linear relationships of trace elements with iron (Fe) as a signature of particulates with geogenic origin, and calculate trace element enrichment factors. Thalli, foliage, and peat (0-30 cm) were collected from 55 locations between 2013 and 2018 and analyzed for trace elements. Thalli and foliar concentrations are among the lowest reported in the broader literature and differ substantially from peat. Fe concentrations were significantly correlated (Pearson's r ≥ 0.8) with aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), and vanadium (V) in all six species. Enrichment factors show some anthropogenic deposition effects non-vascular organism chemistry. Most trace element concentrations in lichens and bryophytes are indicative of long-range atmospheric transport of dust, but some is attributed to industry, with only minimal inclusions from the local area. Epiphytic lichens are well suited for ongoing atmospheric biomonitoring as industrialization commences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M McDonough
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, ON, M9P 3V6, Canada.
| | - Adam W Bird
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, ON, M9P 3V6, Canada
| | - Michael A Luciani
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, ON, M9P 3V6, Canada
| | - Aaron K Todd
- Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, ON, M9P 3V6, Canada
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10
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Roberts SL, Kirk JL, Muir DCG, Wiklund JA, Evans MS, Gleason A, Tam A, Drevnick PE, Dastoor A, Ryjkov A, Yang F, Wang X, Lawson G, Pilote M, Keating J, Barst BD, Ahad JME, Cooke CA. Quantification of Spatial and Temporal Trends in Atmospheric Mercury Deposition across Canada over the Past 30 Years. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:15766-15775. [PMID: 34792335 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a pollutant of concern across Canada and transboundary anthropogenic Hg sources presently account for over 95% of national anthropogenic Hg deposition. This study applies novel statistical analyses of 82 high-resolution dated lake sediment cores collected from 19 regions across Canada, including nearby point sources and in remote regions and spanning a full west-east geographical range of ∼4900 km (south of 60°N and between 132 and 64°W) to quantify the recent (1990-2018) spatial and temporal trends in anthropogenic atmospheric Hg deposition. Temporal trend analysis shows significant synchronous decreasing trends in post-1990 anthropogenic Hg fluxes in western Canada in contrast to increasing trends in the east, with spatial patterns largely driven by longitude and proximity to known point source(s). Recent sediment-derived Hg fluxes agreed well with the available wet deposition monitoring. Sediment-derived atmospheric Hg deposition rates also compared well to the modeled values derived from the Hg model, when lake sites located nearby (<100 km) point sources were omitted due to difficulties in comparison between the sediment-derived and modeled values at deposition "hot spots". This highlights the applicability of multi-core approaches to quantify spatio-temporal changes in Hg deposition over broad geographic ranges and assess the effectiveness of regional and global Hg emission reductions to address global Hg pollution concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Roberts
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6, Canada
| | - Jane L Kirk
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6, Canada
| | - Derek C G Muir
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6, Canada
| | - Johan A Wiklund
- Biology Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Marlene S Evans
- Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 3H5, Canada
| | - Amber Gleason
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6, Canada
| | - Allison Tam
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6, Canada
| | - Paul E Drevnick
- Alberta Environment and Parks, 3535 Research Road NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 2K8, Canada
- National Institute of Scientific Research, Centre Eau Terre Environment, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Ashu Dastoor
- Air Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Québec H9P 1J3, Canada
| | - Andrei Ryjkov
- Air Quality Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Québec H9P 1J3, Canada
| | - Fan Yang
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6, Canada
| | - Xiaowa Wang
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6, Canada
| | - Greg Lawson
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6, Canada
| | - Martin Pilote
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Montréal, Québec H2Y 2E7, Canada
| | - Jonathan Keating
- Watershed Hydrology and Ecology Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 3H5, Canada
| | - Benjamin D Barst
- National Institute of Scientific Research, Centre Eau Terre Environment, 490 rue de la Couronne, Québec, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
- Water and Environment Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, United States
| | - Jason M E Ahad
- Geological Survey of Canada─Québec Division, Québec G1K 9A9, Canada
| | - Colin A Cooke
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada
- Alberta Environment and Parks, 9888 Jasper Ave, Edmonton, Alberta T5J 5C6, Canada
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11
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Leclerc É, Venkiteswaran JJ, Jasiak I, Telford JV, Schultz MDJ, Wolfe BB, Hall RI, Couture RM. Quantifying arsenic post-depositional mobility in lake sediments impacted by gold ore roasting in sub-arctic Canada using inverse diagenetic modelling. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 288:117723. [PMID: 34256286 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lake sediments are widely used as environmental archives to reconstruct past changes in contaminants deposition, provided that they remain immobile after deposition. Arsenic (As) is a redox-sensitive element that may be redistributed in the sediments during early diagenesis, for instance along with iron and manganese, and thus depth profiles of As might not provide a reliable, unaltered record of past deposition. Here, we use inverse diagenetic modelling to calculate fluxes of As across the sediment-water interface and interpret As sedimentary records in eight lakes along a 80 km transect from the Giant and Con mines, Northwest Territories, Canada. The sediment cores were dated using 210Pb methods and analyzed for solid-phase and porewater As, Fe, Mn and organic C concentrations. We reconstructed the history of As deposition by correcting for the varying mobility patterns and calculated contemporary As deposition fluxes. Correction for diagenesis was substantial for three of the eight lakes, suggesting that lakes with lower sedimentation rates, which allows longer residence of As within the reactive zones defined by the model, enhance the influence of diagenesis. Results show that solid phase As peaks coincides with the period of high emissions from past gold ore roasting activities. Results also show that sediments sustained present-day As fluxes to the water column of study lakes within 50 km of the mines, while sediment in study lakes further than 50 km acted as As sinks instead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Émilie Leclerc
- Centre for Northern Studies (CEN), Takuvik Joint International Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Jason J Venkiteswaran
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Izabela Jasiak
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - James V Telford
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Mackenzie D J Schultz
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Brent B Wolfe
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Roland I Hall
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Raoul-Marie Couture
- Centre for Northern Studies (CEN), Takuvik Joint International Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.
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12
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Bačić N, Mikac N, Lučić M, Sondi I. Occurrence and Distribution of Technology-Critical Elements in Recent Freshwater and Marine Pristine Lake Sediments in Croatia: A Case Study. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 81:574-588. [PMID: 34100094 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-021-00863-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and vertical distribution of ten technology critical elements (TCEs) (Li, Nb, Sc, Ga, Y, La, Sb, Ge, Te, and W) were studied in sediment cores collected from remote freshwater and marine lakes (Plitvice, Visovac and Mir Lakes) in three protected areas of Croatia. These environmental archives were used to assess natural TCE levels in lake sediments and temporal trends in historical anthropogenic atmospheric deposition. TCE was determined after complete sediment digestion using high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR ICP-MS). The measured TCE concentrations spanned a wide range, which can be attributed to the varying input of terrigenous material into the studied lake systems. All obtained TCE concentrations were close to natural conditions and therefore could be used as a reference for other equivalent sediment systems in the coming years. The evaluation of anthropogenic influence on TCE concentrations showed a slight anthropogenic enrichment with Sb and Te in the upper sediment layers of some lakes (Plitvice and Mir Lakes), indicating a widespread atmospheric deposition, which, however, cannot be related to the recent increase in the use of TCE in modern technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Bačić
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - N Mikac
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - M Lučić
- Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - I Sondi
- Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
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13
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Bai X, Luo L, Tian H, Liu S, Hao Y, Zhao S, Lin S, Zhu C, Guo Z, Lv Y. Atmospheric Vanadium Emission Inventory from Both Anthropogenic and Natural Sources in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:11568-11578. [PMID: 34415166 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium is a strategically important metal in the world, although sustained exposure under high vanadium levels may lead to notable adverse impact on health. Here, we leverage a bottom-up approach to quantitatively evaluate vanadium emissions from both anthropogenic and natural sources during 1949-2017 in China for the first time. The results show that vanadium emissions increased by 86% from 1949 to 2005 to a historical peak value and then gradually decreased to 12.9 kt in 2017. With the effective implementation of air pollution control measures, vanadium emissions from anthropogenic sources decreased sharply after 2011. During 2011-2017, about half of vanadium emissions came from coal and oil combustion. In addition, industrial processes and natural sources also cannot be ignored, with the total contributions of more than 24%. The high levels of vanadium emissions were mainly distributed throughout the North China Plain and the eastern and coastal regions, especially in several urban agglomerations. Furthermore, the comprehensive evaluation by incorporating contrastive analysis, Monte Carlo approach, and GEOS-Chem simulation shows that vanadium emissions estimated in this study were reasonable and acceptable. The findings of our study provide not only a scientific foundation for investigating the health effects of vanadium but also useful information for formulating mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Bai
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation & Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Center for Atmospheric Environmental Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Lining Luo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation & Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Center for Atmospheric Environmental Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Hezhong Tian
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation & Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Center for Atmospheric Environmental Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shuhan Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation & Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Center for Atmospheric Environmental Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yan Hao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation & Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Center for Atmospheric Environmental Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation & Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Center for Atmospheric Environmental Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Shumin Lin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation & Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Center for Atmospheric Environmental Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chuanyong Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Zhihui Guo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation & Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Center for Atmospheric Environmental Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yunqian Lv
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation & Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Center for Atmospheric Environmental Studies, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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14
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Azimzada A, Jreije I, Hadioui M, Shaw P, Farner JM, Wilkinson KJ. Quantification and Characterization of Ti-, Ce-, and Ag-Nanoparticles in Global Surface Waters and Precipitation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:9836-9844. [PMID: 34181400 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) emissions to the environment are increasing as a result of anthropogenic activities, prompting concerns for ecosystems and human health. In order to evaluate the risk of NPs, it is necessary to know their concentrations in various environmental compartments on regional and global scales; however, these data have remained largely elusive due to the analytical difficulties of measuring NPs in complex natural matrices. Here, we measure NP concentrations and sizes for Ti-, Ce-, and Ag-containing NPs in numerous global surface waters and precipitation samples, and we provide insights into their compositions and origins (natural or anthropogenic). The results link NP occurrences and distributions to particle type, origin, and sampling location. Based on measurements from 46 sites across 13 countries, total Ti- and Ce-NP concentrations (regardless of origin) were often found to be within 104 to 107 NP mL-1, whereas Ag NPs exhibited sporadic occurrences with low concentrations generally up to 105 NP mL-1. This generally corresponded to mass concentrations of <1 ng L-1 for Ag-NPs, <100 ng L-1 for Ce-NPs, and <10 μg L-1 for Ti-NPs, given that measured sizes were often below 15 nm for Ce- and Ag-NPs and above 30 nm for Ti-NPs. In view of current toxicological data, the observed NP levels do not yet appear to exceed toxicity thresholds for the environment or human health; however, NPs of likely anthropogenic origins appear to be already substantial in certain areas, such as urban centers. This work lays the foundation for broader experimental NP surveys, which will be critical for reliable NP risk assessments and the regulation of nano-enabled products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agil Azimzada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Ibrahim Jreije
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Madjid Hadioui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Phil Shaw
- Nu Instruments, Wrexham LL13 9XS, U.K
| | - Jeffrey M Farner
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Kevin J Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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15
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Hao Z, Li F, Liu R, Zhou X, Mu Y, Sharma VK, Liu J, Jiang G. Reduction of Ionic Silver by Sulfur Dioxide as a Source of Silver Nanoparticles in the Environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:5569-5578. [PMID: 33683864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c08790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The natural formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) via biotic and abiotic pathways in water and soil media contributes to the biogeochemical cycle of silver metal in the environment. However, the formation of AgNPs in the atmosphere has not been reported. Here, we describe a previously unreported source of AgNPs via the reduction of Ag(I) by SO2 in the atmosphere, especially in moist environments, using multipronged advanced analytical and surface techniques. The rapid reduction of Ag(I) in the atmospheric aqueous phase was mainly caused by the sulfite ions formed from the dissolution of SO2 in water, which contributed to the formation of AgNPs and was consistent with the Finke-Watzky model with a major contribution of the reduction-nucleation process. Sunlight irradiation excited SO2 to form triplet SO2, which reacted with water to form H2SO3 and greatly enhanced Ag(I) reduction and AgNP formation. Different pH values affected the speciation of Ag(I) and S(IV), which were jointly involved in the reduction of Ag(I). The formation of AgNPs was also observed in the atmospheric gas phase via direct reduction of Ag(I) by SO2(gas), which occurred even in 50 ppbv SO2(gas). The natural occurrence of AgNPs in the atmosphere may also be involved in silver corrosion, AgNP transformation and regeneration, detoxification of gaseous pollutants, and the sulfur cycle in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhineng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Fasong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, Anhui 246011, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yujing Mu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Department of Environment and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, 212 Adriance Lab Road, 1266 TAMU, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Jingfu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
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