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Selinger A, Costa JHAD, Sandri LM, Wolff LL, Souza UP, Silveira L, Delariva RL. Diet composition and plastic ingestion in Poecilia reticulata from urban streams. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024:10.1007/s11356-024-34641-8. [PMID: 39117973 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34641-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Fish are excellent bioindicators and can reveal the presence of plastic in the environment. Diagnosing the composition and abundance of polymers in the fish diet makes it possible to evaluate their point sources and possible trophic transfers. We aimed to use the gastrointestinal contents of Poecilia reticulata in subtropical urban streams to detect the occurrence, shape, color, size, and chemical composition of polymers. For this, the diet of 240 individuals was analyzed using the volumetric method, and the microplastics (MPs; < 5 mm) recorded were characterized using Raman spectroscopy. Individuals predominantly consumed organic detritus and aquatic macroinvertebrates, with higher proportions of Diptera. A total of 111 plastic particles (< 0.5 to 12 mm) were recorded, and a subset of 14.4% was subjected to a micro-Raman spectrometer (830 nm excitation). The occurrence of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP) with phthalocyanine dye was recorded. Some fragments could not be identified by Raman, but they contained indigo blue dye. Poecilia reticulata had a predominantly detritivorous diet with a record of plastic consumption, reflecting environmental pollution. Our results demonstrate that individuals of P. reticulata have ingested MPs in urban streams. This reinforces the need for future studies on the relationship between the presence of MPs in fish and the level of pollution in streams, comparisons with species of different feeding habits, and the potentially harmful effects on the entire biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Selinger
- Laboratory of Biology of Marine and Coastal Organisms - LABOMAC, Santa Cecília University (UNISANTA), Santos, SP, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Ecology and Biomonitoring - LIEB, Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, PR, Brazil.
| | - João Henrique Alliprandini da Costa
- Laboratory of Biology of Marine and Coastal Organisms - LABOMAC, Santa Cecília University (UNISANTA), Santos, SP, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity of Coastal Environments, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Litoral Paulista Campus, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - Letícia Mazzuco Sandri
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Ecology and Biomonitoring - LIEB, Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Luciano Lazzarini Wolff
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Ecology and Biomonitoring - LIEB, Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Ursulla Pereira Souza
- Laboratory of Biology of Marine and Coastal Organisms - LABOMAC, Santa Cecília University (UNISANTA), Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Landulfo Silveira
- Center for Innovation, Technology and Education (CITÉ), Anhembi Morumbi University (UAM), Parque Tecnológico de São José Dos Campos, São José Dos Campos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosilene Luciana Delariva
- Laboratory of Ichthyology, Ecology and Biomonitoring - LIEB, Western Paraná State University (UNIOESTE), Cascavel, PR, Brazil
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Liu X, Yu Y, Yu H, Sarkar B, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Qin S. Nonbiodegradable microplastic types determine the diversity and structure of soil microbial communities: A meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 260:119663. [PMID: 39043354 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
As an emerging contaminant, microplastics (MPs) have received considerable attention for their potential threat to the soil environment. However, the response of soil bacterial and fungal communities to MPs exposure remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a global meta-analysis of 95 publications and 2317 observations to assess the effects of nonbiodegradable MP properties and exposure conditions on soil microbial biomass, alpha and beta diversity, and community structure. Our results indicate that MPs increased (p < 0.05) soil active microbial biomass by 42%, with the effect varying with MPs type, exposure concentration, exposure time and soil pH. MPs concentration was identified as the most important factor controlling the response of soil microbial biomass to MPs. MPs addition decreased (p < 0.05) the soil bacterial Shannon and Chao1 indices by 2% and 3%, respectively, but had limited effects (p > 0.05) on soil fungal Shannon and Chao1 indices. The type of MPs and exposure time determined the effects of MPs on bacterial Shannon and Chao1 indices, while the type of MPs and soil pH controlled the response ratios of fungal Shannon and Chao1 indices to MPs. Specifically, soil organic carbon (SOC) was the major factor regulating the response ratio of bacterial alpha diversity index to MPs. The presence of MPs did not affect soil bacterial community structure and beta diversity. Our results highlight that MPs reduced bacterial diversity and richness but increased the soil active microbial biomass, suggesting that MPs could disrupt biogeochemical cycles by promoting the growth of specific microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Liu
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yongxiang Yu
- Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, China.
| | - Haiyang Yu
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yuyi Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shuping Qin
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, Shijiazhuang, 050021, Hebei, China.
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3
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Sacco VA, Zuanazzi NR, Selinger A, Alliprandini da Costa JH, Spanhol Lemunie É, Comelli CL, Abilhoa V, Sousa FCD, Fávaro LF, Rios Mendoza LM, de Castilhos Ghisi N, Delariva RL. What are the global patterns of microplastic ingestion by fish? A scientometric review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:123972. [PMID: 38642794 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
The billions of tons of plastic released into the environment mostly fragment into smaller particles that reach rivers and oceans, posing toxicity risks to aquatic organisms. As fish serve as excellent environmental indicator organisms, this study aims to comprehensively review and quantify published data regarding the abundance of microplastics (MPs) ingested by fish through scientometric analysis. Systematic analysis reveals that global aquatic ecosystems are contaminated by MPs, with the characteristics of these contaminants stemming from inadequate disposal management practices. The abundance of MPs was recorded in several fish species, notably Cyprinus carpio in natural environments and Danio rerio in controlled environments. According to the surveyed studies, laboratory experiments do not accurately represent the conditions found in natural environments. The results suggest that, in natural environments, the predominant colors of MPs are blue, black, and red. Fibers emerged as the most prevalent type, with polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) being the most frequently identified chemical compositions. On the other hand, laboratory studies showed that the spheres and fragments ingested were predominantly polystyrene (PS) green, followed by the colors blue and red. This discrepancy complicates drawing accurate conclusions regarding the actual effects of plastic particles on aquatic biota. Given the enduring presence of plastic in the environment, it is imperative to consider and implement environmental monitoring for effective, long-term management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Aparecida Sacco
- Graduate Program in Comparative Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil.
| | - Natana Raquel Zuanazzi
- Graduate Program in Comparative Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil.
| | - Amanda Selinger
- Laboratory of Biology of Marine and Coastal Organisms, Santa Cecília University (UNISANTA), Santos, São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - João Henrique Alliprandini da Costa
- Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Aquatic Toxicology, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - (UNESP), Campus do Litoral Paulista, 11330-900, São Vicente, SP, Brazil.
| | - Érika Spanhol Lemunie
- Graduate Program in Conservation and Management of Natural Resources, State University of West Paraná (Unioeste), Cascavel, Brazil.
| | - Camila Luiza Comelli
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology - PPGBIOTEC - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) Dois Vizinhos, Brazil.
| | - Vinícius Abilhoa
- Laboratório de Ictiologia, Museu de História Natural Capão da Imbuia. Prefeitura Municipal de Curitiba, Secretaria Municipal do Meio Ambiente, Rua Prof. Benedito Conceição, 407 - Capão da Imbuia, CEP 82810080, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Carlos de Sousa
- Laboratório de Anatomia Humana, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) Dois Vizinhos, Brazil.
| | - Luis Fernando Fávaro
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - Lorena M Rios Mendoza
- Program of Chemistry and Physics, Department of Natural Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Superior, Belknap and Catlin, P.O. Box 2000, Superior, WI, 54880, USA.
| | - Nédia de Castilhos Ghisi
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology - PPGBIOTEC - Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) Dois Vizinhos, Brazil.
| | - Rosilene Luciana Delariva
- Graduate Program in Comparative Biology, State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá, Brazil; Laboratory of Ichthyology, Ecology and Biomonitoring, State University of West Paraná (Unioeste), Rua Universitária, University Garden, 1619, Cascavel, PR, Brazil.
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4
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Redko V, Wolska L, Olkowska E, Tankiewicz M, Cieszyńska-Semenowicz M. Long-Term Polyethylene (Bio)Degradation in Landfill: Environmental and Human Health Implications from Comprehensive Analysis. Molecules 2024; 29:2499. [PMID: 38893375 PMCID: PMC11173707 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the process of long-term (bio)degradation of polyethylene (PE) in an old municipal waste landfill (MWL) and its implications for environmental and human health. Advanced techniques, such as ICP-ES/MS and IC-LC, were used to analyze heavy metals and anions/cations, demonstrating significant concentration deviations from control samples. The soil's chemical composition revealed numerous hazardous organic compounds, further indicating the migration of additives from PE to the soil. Toxicological assessments, including Phytotoxkit FTM, Microtox® bioassay, and Ostracodtoxkit®, demonstrated phytotoxicity, acute toxicity, and high mortality in living organisms (over 85% for Heterocypris Incongruens). An unusual concentration of contaminants in the MWL's middle layers, linked to Poland's economic changes during the 1980s and 1990s, suggests increased risks of pollutant migration, posing additional environmental and health threats. Moreover, the infiltration capability of microorganisms, including pathogens, into PE structures raises concerns about potential groundwater contamination through the landfill bottom. This research underscores the need for vigilant management and updated strategies to protect the environment and public health, particularly in older landfill sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladyslav Redko
- Division of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębowa 23 A, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lidia Wolska
- Division of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębowa 23 A, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Olkowska
- Division of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębowa 23 A, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maciej Tankiewicz
- Division of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębowa 23 A, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Cieszyńska-Semenowicz
- Division of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębowa 23 A, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
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5
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Abstract
Understanding the effects of plastic pollution in terrestrial ecosystems is a priority in environmental research. A central aspect of this suite of pollutants is that it entails particles, in addition to chemical compounds, and this makes plastic quite different from the vast majority of chemical environmental pollutants. Particles can be habitats for microbial communities, and plastics can be a source of chemical compounds that are released into the surrounding environment. In the aquatic literature, the term 'plastisphere' has been coined to refer to the microbial community colonizing plastic debris; here, we use a definition that also includes the immediate soil environment of these particles to align the definition with other concepts in soil microbiology. First, we highlight major differences in the plastisphere between aquatic and soil ecosystems, then we review what is currently known about the soil plastisphere, including the members of the microbial community that are enriched, and the possible mechanisms underpinning this selection. Then, we focus on outlining future prospects for research on the soil plastisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias C Rillig
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany.
| | - Shin Woong Kim
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
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6
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Redko V, Wolska L, Potrykus M, Olkowska E, Cieszyńska-Semenowicz M, Tankiewicz M. Environmental impacts of 5-year plastic waste deposition on municipal waste landfills: A follow-up study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167710. [PMID: 37832682 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Depositing plastic waste has long been a prevalent method of utilization, persisting today. Plastic waste within municipal waste landfills (MWL) undergoes diverse (bio-)degradation processes, which may be a potential source of chemicals and microorganisms harmful to the environment and human health. Soil and air samples were collected from modern MWL to identify environmental contamination caused by 5 years of plastic (bio-)degradation. The pH of soil samples was higher than in the reference area (RA), which was possibly caused by alterations in soil anionic composition detected with ion chromatography. The presence of plastic additives with a toxic potential was detected in soil samples by gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). With the use of thermal desorption and GC - MS, hazardous substances (phthalic anhydride, phenylmaleic anhydride, ethylbenzene, xylene) with a known impact on the human endocrine system were also detected. The number of microorganisms, both fungi, and bacteria, was highly increased in soil and air in the MWL as compared to the RA. The soil collected in the MWL area appeared to be phytotoxic, and inhibited seed germination (Phytotoxkit FTM bioassay), while acute toxicity Microtox® bioassay showed a hormetic effect towards Aliivibrio fischeri. Obtained results exhibited massive soil and air contamination, with both chemical substances and microorganisms while plastic waste undergoes (bio-)degradation. It may contribute to serious environmental contamination and pose a threat to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladyslav Redko
- Division of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Debowa 23 A, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Lidia Wolska
- Division of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Debowa 23 A, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Marta Potrykus
- Division of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Debowa 23 A, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Ewa Olkowska
- Division of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Debowa 23 A, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Monika Cieszyńska-Semenowicz
- Division of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Debowa 23 A, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Maciej Tankiewicz
- Division of Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Health Sciences with Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Debowa 23 A, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland.
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Yang Z, Murat Ç, Nakano H, Arakawa H. Accessing the intrinsic factors of carbonyl index of microplastics: Physical and spectral properties, baseline correction, calculation methods, and their interdependence. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 197:115700. [PMID: 37897964 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Carbonyl index (CI) is a measure of the degradation status of microplastics. While many studies address environmental factors of microplastic degradation, intrinsic factors like physical properties, spectral properties, baseline correction, and CI calculation methods are less explored. This research focused on these aspects using surface seawater samples. We found that color and shape have limited dependence on particle size or signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Baseline correction can significantly alter CI values, with the direction of the shift depending on the methods used. Additionally, most CI values before and after baseline correction and those calculated using different methods tend to be strongly correlated. Using the selected CI calculation methods, we found that CI values varied significantly by shape and color. CI's relation to the similarity between the sample and its pristine form suggests an alternative degradation measure. Our findings emphasize the need for standardized CI calculation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijiang Yang
- Faculty of Marine Resources and Environment, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
| | - Çelik Murat
- Faculty of Marine Resources and Environment, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Haruka Nakano
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan.
| | - Hisayuki Arakawa
- Faculty of Marine Resources and Environment, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
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8
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Yang Z, Çelik M, Arakawa H. Challenges of Raman spectra to estimate carbonyl index of microplastics: A case study with environmental samples from sea surface. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115362. [PMID: 37549535 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the feasibility of using the carbonyl index (CI) derived from Raman spectra as an indicator of plastic degradation and its relationship with the CI calculated from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, using microplastic samples of polyethylene (PE) from surface seawater. Multiple methods were used to calculate the CI values of FTIR spectra, while proposed methods were used to calculate the corresponding CI values of Raman spectra. Some significant relations between FTIR CI and Raman CI were observed. However, small R2 values suggest weak functional relationships, which can be attributed to the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of Raman spectra. These results highlight the challenges of establishing a functional relationship between FTIR CI and Raman CI, including challenges such as the uniformity of Raman spectra, determining optimal Raman measurement parameters, selecting appropriate peaks for Raman CI calculation, deciding on spectral processing methods, and addressing the interdependence of these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijiang Yang
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
| | - Murat Çelik
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Hisayuki Arakawa
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Konan 4-5-7, Minato-Ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
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Huang Q, Yang C, Cheng Z, Wang H, Mojiri A, Zhu N, Qian X, Shen Y, Wu S, Lou Z. Exploring into a light-avoided environment: Mechanical-thermal coupled conditions responsible for the aging behavior of plastic waste in landfills. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:120162. [PMID: 37307685 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plastics in landfills undergo a unique micronization process due to multi-factor and light-avoided conditions, but their aging process in such a typical environment remains unexplored. This study investigated the aging behavior of polyethylene plastics, representative of landfills, under simulated dynamic mechanical forces and high temperature-two prevalent environmental factors in landfills. The study explored the individual and combined contributions of these factors to the aging process. Results indicated that high temperature played a primary role in aging plastics by depolymerization and degradation through ·OH production, while mechanical forces contributed mainly to surface structure breakdown. The combined effect leads to more serious surface damage, creating holes, cracks, and scratches that provide access for free radical reactions to plastic bulk, thereby accelerating the aging and micronization process. The resulting microplastics were found to be 14.25 ± 0.53 μg L-1. Aged plastics exhibit a rapid aging rate of depolymerization and oxidation compared to virgin plastics due to their weak properties, suggesting a higher potential risk of microplastic generation. This study fills a knowledge gap regarding the aging behavior of plastics under complex and light-avoided landfill conditions, emphasizing the need for increased attention to the evolution process of microplastics from aged plastic waste in landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujie Huang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Changfu Yang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhaowen Cheng
- School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Amin Mojiri
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Nanwen Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoyong Qian
- Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yilong Shen
- Shanghai Solid Waste Management Center, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Shaolin Wu
- Shanghai Solid Waste Management Center, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Ziyang Lou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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10
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Liu Y, Shi J, Mao L, Lu B, Kang X, Jin H. Base- or acid-assisted polystyrene plastic degradation in supercritical CO 2. WASTE DISPOSAL & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY 2023; 5:1-11. [PMID: 37359813 PMCID: PMC10023313 DOI: 10.1007/s42768-023-00139-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Plastic has caused serious "white pollution" to the environment, and the highly inert characteristics of plastic bring a major challenge for degradation. Supercritical fluids have unique physical properties and have been widely used in various fields. In this work, supercritical CO2 (Sc-CO2) with mild conditions was selected and assisted by NaOH/HCl solution to degrade polystyrene (PS) plastic, and the reaction model was designed using response surface methodology (RSM). It was found that, regardless of the types of assistance solutions, the factors affecting PS degradation efficiencies were reaction temperature, reaction time, and NaOH/HCl concentration. At the temperature of 400 °C, time of 120 min, and base/acid concentration of 5% (in weight), 0.15 g PS produced 126.88/116.99±5 mL of gases with 74.18/62.78±5 mL of H2, and consumed 81.2/71.5±5 mL of CO2. Sc-CO2 created a homogeneous environment, which made PS highly dispersed and uniformly heated, thus promoting the degradation of PS. Moreover, Sc-CO2 also reacted with the degradation products to produce new CO and more CH4 and C2Hx (x=4, 6). Adding NaOH/HCl solution not only improved the solubility of PS in Sc-CO2, but also provided a base/acid environment that reduced the activation energy of the reaction, and effectively improved the degradation efficiencies of PS. In short, degrading PS in Sc-CO2 is feasible, and better results are obtained with the assistance of base/acid solution, which can provide a reference for the disposal of waste plastics in the future. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42768-023-00139-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Liu
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Jinwen Shi
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Liuhao Mao
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Bingru Lu
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Xing Kang
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
| | - Hui Jin
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi’an, 710049 Shaanxi China
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11
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An investigation into the aging of disposable face masks in landfill leachate. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 446:130671. [PMCID: PMC9789546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Due to the excessive use of disposable face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic, their accumulation has posed a great threat to the environment. In this study, we explored the fate of masks after being disposed in landfill. We simulated the possible process that masks would experience, including the exposure to sunlight before being covered and the contact with landfill leachate. After exposure to UV radiation, all three mask layers exhibited abrasions and fractures on the surface and became unstable with the increased UV radiation duration showed aging process. The alterations in chemical groups of masks as well as the lower mechanical strength of masks after UV weathering were detected to prove the happened aging process. Then it was found that the aging of masks in landfill leachate was further accelerated compared to these processes occurring in deionized water. Furthermore, the carbonyl index and isotacticity of the mask samples after aging for 30 days in leachate were higher than those of pristine materials, especially for those endured longer UV radiation. Similarly, the weight and tensile strength of the aged masks were also found lower than the original samples. Masks were likely to release more microparticles and high concentration of metal elements into leachate than deionized water after UV radiation and aging. After being exposed to UV radiation for 48 h, the concentration of released particles in leachate was 39.45 μL/L after 1 day and then grew to 309.45 μL/L after 30 days of aging. Seven elements (Al, Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, Sb and Pb) were detected in leachate and the concentration of this metal elements increased with the longer aging time. The findings of this study can advance our understanding of the fate of disposable masks in the landfill and develop the strategy to address this challenge in waste management.
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12
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Lu X, He H, Wang Y, Guo Y, Fei X. Masses and size distributions of mechanically fragmented microplastics from LDPE and EPS under simulated landfill conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130542. [PMID: 37055960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Landfills contain significant amounts of plastic waste (PW) and microplastics (MPs). However, the contributions of various PW fragmentation processes to the quality and quantity of MPs in landfills are unclear. In this study, LDPE and EPS pieces were mixed with sand to simulate landfilled solid waste, which experienced one-dimensional abiotic compression under vertical stress of 100-800 kPa for 1-300 days. The generated MPs were stained and quantified with a fluorescent microscope. The numbers and masses of the fragmented MPs increase with the increasing compression stress and duration following linear or exponential trends. EPS has a lower stiffness than LDPE, thus generates more MPs under the same compression conditions. Stress-dependent and time-dependent fragmentation mechanisms are distinguished, the former is driven by sand-plastic porosity reduction and the latter is due to microscopic interfacial creep with minimal porosity reduction. Most of the mechanically fragmented MPs have diameters < 100 µm. The MPs size distributions follow an established power-law model, which are dependent on stress, duration, porosity reduction, and fragmentation mechanism. Our results serve as conservative estimations on long-term MPs generation in real landfills, which provide confirmative and quantitative evidence to support the previous studies reporting the varied MPs abundances and properties within landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhong Lu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Hongping He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yuliang Guo
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Clean Tech One, 637141, Singapore
| | - Xunchang Fei
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Clean Tech One, 637141, Singapore.
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13
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Wang Q, Zhang C, Li R. Plastic pollution induced by the COVID-19: Environmental challenges and outlook. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:40405-40426. [PMID: 36609754 PMCID: PMC9823265 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24901-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has also caused an environmental challenge, especially plastic pollution. This study is aimed to provide a systematic review of the current status and outlook of research on plastic pollution caused by the COVID-19 pandemic using a bibliometrics approach. The results indicate developed countries were the first to pay attention to the impact of plastics on the ocean and ecological environment during COVID-19 and conducted related research, and then developing countries followed up and started research. Research in developed countries is absolutely dominant in plastic pollution induced by the COVID-19, although the plastic pollution faced by developing countries is also very serious. The author's co-occurrence analysis shows the Matthew effect. Keyword clustering shows that plastics have a harsh chain-like impact on the ecological environment from land to ocean to atmosphere. The non-degradable components of plastic bring a serious impact the ocean ecosystems, and then pose a serious threat to the entire ecosystem environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- School of Economics and Management, Xinjiang University, Wulumuqi, 830046, People's Republic of China
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Li
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Su Y, Shi L, Zhao H, Wang J, Li W, Jiang Z, Wang X, Yao Y, Sun X. A green strategy to recycle the waste PP melt-blown materials: From 2D to 3D construction. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 157:159-167. [PMID: 36543059 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The demand for polypropylene (PP) melt-blown materials has dramatically increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It has caused serious environmental problems because of the lack of effective treatment for the waste PP melt-blown materials. In this study, we propose a green and sustainable recycling method to create PP sponges from waste PP melt-blown material for oil spill cleaning by freeze-drying and thermal treatment techniques. The recycling method is simple and without secondary pollution to the environment. The developed recycling method successfully transforms 2D laminar dispersed PP microfibers into elastic sponges with a 3D porous structure, providing the material with good mechanical properties and promotes its potential application in the field of oil spill cleaning. The morphology structure, thermal properties, mechanical properties, and oil absorption properties are tested and characterized. The PP sponges with a three-dimensional porous network structure show an exceedingly low density of >0.014 g/cm3, a high porosity of <98.77 %, and a high water contact angle range of 130.4-139.9°. Moreover, the PP sponges own a good absorption capacity of <47.61 g/g for different oil and solvents. In particular, the compressive modulus of the PP sponges is 33.59-201.21 kPa, which is higher than that of most other fiber-based porous materials, indicating that the PP sponges have better durability under the same force. The excellent comprehensive performance of the PP sponges demonstrates the method developed in this study has large application potential in the field of the recycle of waste PP melt-blown materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Su
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lingxiang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Huawang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jilong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Zhan Jiang
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xinhou Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; College of Mechanical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Ye Yao
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaoxia Sun
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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15
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Simon-Sánchez L, Grelaud M, Lorenz C, Garcia-Orellana J, Vianello A, Liu F, Vollertsen J, Ziveri P. Can a Sediment Core Reveal the Plastic Age? Microplastic Preservation in a Coastal Sedimentary Record. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:16780-16788. [PMID: 36375087 PMCID: PMC9730841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The seafloor is the major sink for microplastic (MP) pollutants. However, there is a lack of robust data on the historical evolution of MP pollution in the sediment compartment, particularly the sequestration and burial rate of small MPs. By combining a palaeoceanographic approach and state-of-the-art analytical methods for MP identification down to 11 μm in size, we present the first high-resolution reconstruction of MP pollution from an undisturbed sediment core collected in the NW Mediterranean Sea. Furthermore, we investigate the fate of MPs once buried in the sediments by evaluating the changes in the size distribution of the MPs and the weathering status of the polyolefins, polyethylene, and polypropylene. Our results indicate that the MP mass sequestered in the sediment compartment mimics the global plastic production from 1965 to 2016. We observed an increase in the weathering status of the polyolefins as the size decreased. However, the variability in the size and weathering status of the MPs throughout the sedimentary record indicated that these pollutants, once incorporated into sediments, remain preserved with no further degradation under conditions lacking remobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Simon-Sánchez
- Institute
of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra08193, Spain
| | - Michaël Grelaud
- Institute
of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra08193, Spain
| | - Claudia Lorenz
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, Thomas Manns Vej 23, Aalborg Øst9220, Denmark
| | - Jordi Garcia-Orellana
- Institute
of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra08193, Spain
- Departament
de Física, Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra08193, Spain
| | - Alvise Vianello
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, Thomas Manns Vej 23, Aalborg Øst9220, Denmark
| | - Fan Liu
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, Thomas Manns Vej 23, Aalborg Øst9220, Denmark
| | - Jes Vollertsen
- Department
of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, Thomas Manns Vej 23, Aalborg Øst9220, Denmark
| | - Patrizia Ziveri
- Institute
of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra08193, Spain
- Catalan
Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona08010, Spain
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16
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Xu S, Wang C, Zhu P, Zhang D, Pan X. Temporospatial nano-heterogeneity of self-assembly of extracellular polymeric substances on microplastics and water environmental implications. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 440:129773. [PMID: 35988494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental behavior and ecotoxicity of microplastics (MPs) are significantly influenced by the omnipresent self-assembly of microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) on them. However, mechanisms of EPS self-assembly onto MPs at nanoscale resolution and effects of aging are unclear. For the first time, temporospatial nano-heterogeneity of self-assembly of EPS onto fresh and one-year aged polypropylene (PP) MPs were investigated by atomic-force-microscopy-infrared-spectroscopy (AFM-IR). Natural aging caused high degree nanoscale fragmentation of MPs physically and chemically. Self-assembly of EPS on MPs was aging-dependent. Polysaccharides were assembled on MP surface faster than proteins. Initially, regardless of the fresh or aged MPs, polysaccharides and proteins, with the former being predominant, were successively and separately assembled to different nanospaces because of their competition for binding sites. More and more proteins and polysaccharides were superimposed on each other with assembly time due to intermolecular forces. The nanochemical textural analysis showed that the nano-heterogeneity of EPS assembly to MPs was clearly correlated with the aging-induced nanochemical and nanomechanical heterogeneity of MP surface. The spontaneous self-assembly of EPS with temporospatial nano-heterogeneity on MPs have multiple impacts on behavior, ecotoxicity and fate of MPs and their associated pollutants as well as other key ecological processes in aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caiqin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengfeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daoyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangliang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
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17
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Huang Q, Cheng Z, Yang C, Wang H, Zhu N, Cao X, Lou Z. Booming microplastics generation in landfill: An exponential evolution process under temporal pattern. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 223:119035. [PMID: 36067604 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Landfills are the main plastic sinks and microplastics (MPs) sources in the anthropogenic terrestrial system. Understanding the dynamic process of generating MPs is a prerequisite to reducing their potential risk, which remains unexplored because of the complex stabilization process of landfills. In this study, we investigated the evolution process of MPs generated in a partitioned landfill, with well-recorded disposal ages of over 30 years. Considering the initial plastic proportions in fresh landfilled waste, the occurrence of MPs increased exponentially with the disposal age. A booming generation of MPs occurred from 71.3 ± 17.7 items/(g plastic) to 653.1 ± 191.5 items/(g plastic). The generation rates of MPs varied greatly depending on the individual polymer types, with polyethylene (PE) having the highest generation rate of 28.4 items/(g plastic) per year at 31 years, compared to that of polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) at 15.0 and 9.6 items/(g plastic) per year, respectively. The variation in the carbonyl index indicated that environmental oxidation might facilitate the fragmentation of plastic waste. The relative abundance of plastic-degrading microbes increased more than three times in the plastisphere after 30 years of landfilling, indicating that the potential biodegradation might be a nonnegligible driver for plastic fragmentation after long-term natural acclimatization. This study revealed the dynamic evolution process of MPs in landfills and predicted the booming stage, which might provide an important guideline for reducing the leakage risk of MPs during the reclamation of old landfills or dumping sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiujie Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhaowen Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Changfu Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Nanwen Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinde Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ziyang Lou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource, Shanghai 200240, China.
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18
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Liu R, Tan Z, Wu X, Liu Y, Chen Y, Fu J, Ou H. Modifications of microplastics in urban environmental management systems: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 222:118843. [PMID: 35870394 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are a worldwide environmental pollution issue. Besides the natural environmental stresses, various treatments in urban environmental management systems induce modifications on MPs, further affecting their environmental behavior. Investigating these modifications and inherent mechanisms is crucial for assessing the environmental impact and risk of MPs. In this review, up-to-date knowledge regarding the modifications of MPs in urban environmental management systems was summarized. Variations of morphology, chemical composition, hydrophilicity and specific surface area of MPs were generalized. The aging and degradation of MPs during drinking water treatment, wastewater treatment, sewage sludge treatment and solid waste treatment were investigated. A high abundance of MPs occurred in sewage sludge and aging solid waste, while digestion and composting contributed to significant decomposition and reduction of MPs. These treatments have become converters for MPs before entering the environment. Several novel technologies for MPs removal were listed; However, no appropriate methods can be put into actual application by now, except the membrane separation. The corresponding effects of degradation on the behaviors of MPs, including adsorption, sinking and contaminant leakage, were discussed. Finally, three priorities for research were proposed. This critical review provides viewpoints and references for risk evaluation of MPs after treatments in urban environmental management systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; Center for Environmental Microplastics Studies, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Zongyi Tan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; Center for Environmental Microplastics Studies, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Xinni Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; Center for Environmental Microplastics Studies, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yuheng Chen
- Center for Environmental Microplastics Studies, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science in Guangdong Province of Community of Life for Man and Nature, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Jianwei Fu
- Center for Environmental Microplastics Studies, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; Key Laboratory of Philosophy and Social Science in Guangdong Province of Community of Life for Man and Nature, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Huase Ou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China; Center for Environmental Microplastics Studies, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China.
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19
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Yang M, Chen L, Msigwa G, Tang KHD, Yap PS. Implications of COVID-19 on global environmental pollution and carbon emissions with strategies for sustainability in the COVID-19 era. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151657. [PMID: 34793787 PMCID: PMC8592643 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of COVID-19 on global environmental pollution since its onset in December 2019 require special attention. The rapid spread of COVID-19 globally has led countries to lock down cities, restrict traffic travel and impose strict safety measures, all of which have implications on the environment. This review aims to systematically and comprehensively present and analyze the positive and negative impacts of COVID-19 on global environmental pollution and carbon emissions. It also aims to propose strategies to prolong the beneficial, while minimize the adverse environmental impacts of COVID-19. It systematically and comprehensively reviewed more than 100 peer-reviewed papers and publications related to the impacts of COVID-19 on air, water and soil pollution, carbon emissions as well as the sustainable strategies forward. It revealed that PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and CO levels reduced in most regions globally but SO2 and O3 levels increased or did not show significant changes. Surface water, coastal water and groundwater quality improved globally during COVID-19 lockdown except few reservoirs and coastal areas. Soil contamination worsened mainly due to waste from the use of personal protective equipment particularly masks and the packaging, besides household waste. Carbon emissions were reduced primarily due to travel restrictions and less usage of utilities though emissions from certain ships did not change significantly to maintain supply of the essentials. Sustainable strategies post-COVID-19 include the development and adoption of nanomaterial adsorption and microbial remediation technologies, integrated waste management measures, "sterilization wave" technology and energy-efficient technologies. This review provides important insight and novel coverage of the environmental implications of COVID-19 in more than 25 countries across different global regions to permit formulation of specific pollution control and sustainability strategies in the COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 eras for better environmental quality and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Yang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Goodluck Msigwa
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kuok Ho Daniel Tang
- Environmental Science Program, Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Pow-Seng Yap
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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20
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Zhang Y, Ma J, O'Connor P, Zhu YG. Microbial communities on biodegradable plastics under different fertilization practices in farmland soil microcosms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:152184. [PMID: 34890659 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plastic mulching is a common practice in agricultural systems and is often combined with fertilization. Biodegradable plastics (BPs) are becoming an alternative to non-biodegradable plastics (non-BPs) for soil mulching. However, the effects of fertilization on the microbial communities on BPs remain unclear. Here, we explored the responses of the plastisphere to different fertilization practices in soil-based microcosms containing three BPs: polylactic acid (PLA), poly (butylene succinate) (PBS), and poly (butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), and one non-BP (low-density polyethylene, LDPE). The 16S and ITS rRNA gene-based Illumina sequencing method were used to identify the bacterial and fungal communities on the plastics and in the soils. Microbial community structure on BPs was significantly different from that in soils and on LDPE. The predicted functional profiles of bacteria on BPs, especially PBAT, were distinct from those in soils. The plastisphere communities on BPs were dominated by microbes adapted to access and utilize carbon sources compared with of the communities on LDPE. Application of manure increased the alpha diversity of bacterial communities on BPs but decreased it on LDPE. The structure of bacterial communities on BPs changed with the application of manure. Our research establishes the baseline dynamics of plastisphere communities on BPs in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station-NUEORS, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China.
| | - Patrick O'Connor
- Centre for Global Food and Resources, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
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21
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Mittal M, Mittal D, Aggarwal NK. Plastic accumulation during COVID-19: call for another pandemic; bioplastic a step towards this challenge? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:11039-11053. [PMID: 35022970 PMCID: PMC8754557 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17792-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution has become a serious transboundary challenge to nature and human health, with estimation of reports published - predicting a twofold increase in plastic waste by 2030. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the excessive use of single-use plastics (including face masks, gloves and personal protective equipment) would possibly exacerbate such forecasts. The transition towards eco-friendly alternatives like bio-based plastics and new emerging sustainable technologies would be vital to deal with future pandemics, even though the use or consumption of plastics has greatly enhanced our quality of life; it is however critical to move towards bioplastics. We cannot deny the fact that bioplastics have some challenges and shortcomings, but still, it is an ideal option for opt. The circular economy is the need of the hour for waste management. Along with all these practices, individual accountability, corporate intervention and government policy are also needed to prevent us from moving from one crisis to the next. Only through cumulative efforts, we will be able to cope up with this problem. This article collected scattered information and data about accumulation of plastic during COVID-19 worldwide. Additionally, this paper illustrates the substitution of petroleum-based plastics with bio-based plastics. Different aspects are discussed, ranging from advantages to challenges in the way of bioplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahak Mittal
- Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, India
| | - Divya Mittal
- Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed To Be University), Mullana, 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Neeraj K Aggarwal
- Department of Microbiology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119, Haryana, India.
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22
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Patrício Silva AL, Prata JC, Duarte AC, Barcelò D, Rocha-Santos T. An urgent call to think globally and act locally on landfill disposable plastics under and after covid-19 pandemic: Pollution prevention and technological (Bio) remediation solutions. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2021; 426:131201. [PMID: 35791349 PMCID: PMC9248071 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.131201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Landfilling and illegal waste disposal have risen to deal with the COVID-19 potentially infectious waste, particularly in developing countries, which aggravates plastic pollution and inherent environmental threats to human and animal health. It is estimated that 3.5 million metric tonnes of masks (equivalent to 601 TIR containers) have been landfilled worldwide in the first year, with the potential to increase global plastic municipal solid waste by 3.5%, alter biogas composition, and release 2.3 × 1021 microplastics to leachates or adjacent environments, in the coming years. This paper reviews the challenges raised in the pandemic scenario on landfills and discusses the potential environmental and health implications that might drive us apart from the 2030 U.N. sustainable goals. Also, it highlights some innovative technologies to improve waste management (from collection to disposal, waste reduction, sterilization) and mitigates plastic leakage (emission control approaches, application of biotechnological and monitoring/computational tools) that can pave the way to environmental recovery. COVID-19 will eventually subside, but if no action is taken in the short-term towards effective plastic policies, replacement of plastics for sustainable alternatives (e.g., biobased plastics), improvement of waste management streams (prioritising flexible and decentralized approaches), and a greater awareness and responsibility of the general public, stakeholders, industries; we will soon reach a tipping-point in natural environments worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Patrício Silva
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana C Prata
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Armando C Duarte
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Damià Barcelò
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA - CERCA), H2O Building, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, Emili Grahit 101, 17003 Girona, Spain
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Rocha-Santos
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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23
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Toapanta T, Okoffo ED, Ede S, O'Brien S, Burrows SD, Ribeiro F, Gallen M, Colwell J, Whittaker AK, Kaserzon S, Thomas KV. Influence of surface oxidation on the quantification of polypropylene microplastics by pyrolysis gas chromatography mass spectrometry. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 796:148835. [PMID: 34280630 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The influence of photo-oxidation on the quantification of isotactic polypropylene by Pyrolysis Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS) was assessed. Beads (oval shape, ~5 mm) and fragments (irregular shaped, 250-50 μm and 500-1000 μm) were subjected to relatively harsh simulated accelerated weathering conditions (using a filtered xenon-arc reproducing sunlight's full spectrum) for up to 37 and 80 days, respectively. Samples collected (n = 10 replicates for each treatment) at increasing number of weathering days were analysed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with Attenuated Total Reflection (FTIR-ATR), scanning electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry in order to assess the extent and the rate of degradation. The rate of surface oxidation occurred faster for fragments compared to beads, probably due to their higher surface area. Quantification of the polypropylene trimer (2,4-dimethyl-1-heptene) via double shot Pyr-GC/MS, showed that the signal of the trimer relative to the mass of polypropylene was reduced through weathering with a degradation rate of 1:3 faster for fragments over beads. Signal reduction and carbonyl index were correlated to show that polypropylene with a carbonyl index of ≥13 has a significantly reduced 2,4-dimethyl-1-heptene signal when compared to virgin material. Consequently, the quantification of polypropylene subjected to weathering under harsh conditions may be underestimated by 42% (fragments, carbonyl index: 18) to 49% (beads, carbonyl index: 30) when quantified by Pyr-GC/MS and using virgin polypropylene calibration standards. Pyrolysis at a lower temperature (350 °C) identified six degradation specific markers (oxidation products) that increased in concentration with weathering. Further comparisons between virgin and weathered microplastics may need to be considered to avoid underestimation of microplastic concentrations in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Toapanta
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - Elvis D Okoffo
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Sarah Ede
- Centre for Materials Science and Centre for Waste Free World, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Stacey O'Brien
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Stephen D Burrows
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Francisca Ribeiro
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Michael Gallen
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - John Colwell
- School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Architecture and Information Technology, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Corner College and Cooper Rds, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Sarit Kaserzon
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Kevin V Thomas
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
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24
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Polyolefins and Polyethylene Terephthalate Package Wastes: Recycling and Use in Composites. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14217306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Plastics are versatile materials used in a variety of sectors that have seen a rapid increase in their global production. Millions of tonnes of plastic wastes are generated each year, which puts pressure on plastic waste management methods to prevent their accumulation within the environment. Recycling is an attractive disposal method and aids the initiative of a circular plastic economy, but recycling still has challenges to overcome. This review starts with an overview of the current European recycling strategies for solid plastic waste and the challenges faced. Emphasis lies on the recycling of polyolefins (POs) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) which are found in plastic packaging, as packaging contributes a signification proportion to solid plastic wastes. Both sections, the recycling of POs and PET, discuss the sources of wastes, chemical and mechanical recycling, effects of recycling on the material properties, strategies to improve the performance of recycled POs and PET, and finally the applications of recycled POs and PET. The review concludes with a discussion of the future potential and opportunities of recycled POs and PET.
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25
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Khoo KS, Ho LY, Lim HR, Leong HY, Chew KW. Plastic waste associated with the COVID-19 pandemic: Crisis or opportunity? JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:126108. [PMID: 34020352 PMCID: PMC9759681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has a huge impact on the plastic waste management in many countries due to the sudden surge of medical waste which has led to a global waste management crisis. Improper management of plastic waste may lead to various negative impacts on the environment, animals, and human health. However, adopting proper waste management and the right technologies, looking in a different perception of the current crisis would be an opportunity. About 40% of the plastic waste ended up in landfill, 25% incinerated, 16% recycled and the remaining 19% are leaked into the environment. The increase of plastic wastes and demand of plastic markets serve as a good economic indicator for investor and government initiative to invest in technologies that converts plastic waste into value-added product such as fuel and construction materials. This will close the loop of the life cycle of plastic waste by achieving a sustainable circular economy. This review paper will provide insight of the state of plastic waste before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The treatment pathway of plastic waste such as sterilisation technology, incineration, and alternative technologies available in converting plastic waste into value-added product were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Shiong Khoo
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Lih Yiing Ho
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Hooi Ren Lim
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Hui Yi Leong
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
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