1
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Wang J, Huang J, Liu S. The production, recovery, and valorization of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) based on circular bioeconomy. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 72:108340. [PMID: 38537879 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
As an energy-storage substance of microorganisms, polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a promising alternative to petrochemical polymers. Under appropriate fermentation conditions, PHB-producing strains with metabolic diversity can efficiently synthesize PHB using various carbon sources. Carbon-rich wastes may serve as alternatives to pure sugar substrates to reduce the cost of PHB production. Genetic engineering strategies can further improve the efficiency of substrate assimilation and PHB synthesis. In the downstream link, PHB recycling strategies based on green chemistry concepts can replace PHB extraction using chlorinated solvents to enhance the economics of PHB production and reduce the potential risks of environmental pollution and health damage. To avoid carbon loss caused by biodegradation in the traditional sense, various strategies have been developed to degrade PHB waste into monomers. These monomers can serve as platform chemicals to synthesize other functional compounds or as substrates for PHB reproduction. The sustainable potential and cycling value of PHB are thus reflected. This review summarized the recent progress of strains, substrates, and fermentation approaches for microbial PHB production. Analyses of available strategies for sustainable PHB recycling were also included. Furthermore, it discussed feasible pathways for PHB waste valorization. These contents may provide insights for constructing PHB-based comprehensive biorefinery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
| | - Shijie Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States.
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2
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Shi C, Quinn EC, Diment WT, Chen EYX. Recyclable and (Bio)degradable Polyesters in a Circular Plastics Economy. Chem Rev 2024; 124:4393-4478. [PMID: 38518259 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Polyesters carrying polar main-chain ester linkages exhibit distinct material properties for diverse applications and thus play an important role in today's plastics economy. It is anticipated that they will play an even greater role in tomorrow's circular plastics economy that focuses on sustainability, thanks to the abundant availability of their biosourced building blocks and the presence of the main-chain ester bonds that can be chemically or biologically cleaved on demand by multiple methods and thus bring about more desired end-of-life plastic waste management options. Because of this potential and promise, there have been intense research activities directed at addressing recycling, upcycling or biodegradation of existing legacy polyesters, designing their biorenewable alternatives, and redesigning future polyesters with intrinsic chemical recyclability and tailored performance that can rival today's commodity plastics that are either petroleum based and/or hard to recycle. This review captures these exciting recent developments and outlines future challenges and opportunities. Case studies on the legacy polyesters, poly(lactic acid), poly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s, poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(butylene succinate), and poly(butylene-adipate terephthalate), are presented, and emerging chemically recyclable polyesters are comprehensively reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxia Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Ethan C Quinn
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Wilfred T Diment
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Eugene Y-X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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3
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Beaver K, Dantanarayana A, Liou W, Babst M, Minteer SD. Extracellular Poly(hydroxybutyrate) Bioplastic Production Using Surface Display Techniques. ACS MATERIALS AU 2024; 4:174-178. [PMID: 38496045 PMCID: PMC10941272 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.3c00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Poly(hydroxybutyrate) is a biocompatible, biodegradable polyester synthesized naturally in a variety of microbial species. A greener alternative to petroleum-based plastics and sought after for biomedical applications, poly(hydroxybutyrate) has failed to break through as a leading material in the plastic industry due to its high cost of production. Specifically, the extraction of this material from within bacterial cells requires lysis of cells, which takes time, uses harsh chemicals, and starts the process again with growing new living cells. Recently, surface display of enzymes on bacterial membranes has become an emerging technique for extracellular biocatalysis. In this work, a fusion protein lpp-ompA-phaC was expressed in Escherichia coli to display the enzyme poly(hydroxyalkanoate) synthase on the cell surface. The resulting poly(hydroxybutyrate) product was chemically characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. Finally, the extracellular synthesis of the bioplastic granules was demonstrated qualitatively via microscopy and quantitatively by flow cytometry. The results of this work are the first demonstration of extracellular synthesis of poly(hydroxybutyrate), showing promise for continuous and scalable synthesis of materials using surface display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Beaver
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United
States
| | - Ashwini Dantanarayana
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United
States
| | - Willisa Liou
- Electron
Microscopy Core Laboratory, University of
Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Markus Babst
- Center
for Cell & Genome Science, University
of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Shelley D. Minteer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United
States
- Kummer
Institute Center for Resource Sustainability, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, United States
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4
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Lima C, Muhamadali H, Goodacre R. Monitoring Phenotype Heterogeneity at the Single-Cell Level within Bacillus Populations Producing Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate by Label-Free Super-resolution Infrared Imaging. Anal Chem 2023; 95:17733-17740. [PMID: 37997371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic heterogeneity is commonly found among bacterial cells within microbial populations due to intrinsic factors as well as equipping the organisms to respond to external perturbations. The emergence of phenotypic heterogeneity in bacterial populations, particularly in the context of using these bacteria as microbial cell factories, is a major concern for industrial bioprocessing applications. This is due to the potential impact on overall productivity by allowing the growth of subpopulations consisting of inefficient producer cells. Monitoring the spread of phenotypes across bacterial cells within the same population at the single-cell level is key to the development of robust, high-yield bioprocesses. Here, we discuss the novel development of optical photothermal infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy to probe phenotypic heterogeneity within Bacillus strains by monitoring the production of the bioplastic poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) at the single-cell level. Measurements obtained on single-point and in imaging mode show significant variability in the PHB content within bacterial cells, ranging from whether or not a cell produces PHB to variations in the intragranular biochemistry of PHB within bacterial cells. Our results show the ability of O-PTIR spectroscopy to probe PHB production at the single-cell level in a rapid, label-free, and semiquantitative manner. These findings highlight the potential of O-PTIR spectroscopy in single-cell microbial metabolomics as a whole-organism fingerprinting tool that can be used to monitor the dynamic of bacterial populations as well as for understanding their mechanisms for dealing with environmental stress, which is crucial for metabolic engineering research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassio Lima
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Howbeer Muhamadali
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
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5
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Brió Pérez M, Hempenius MA, de Beer S, Wurm FR. Polyester Brush Coatings for Circularity: Grafting, Degradation, and Repeated Growth. Macromolecules 2023; 56:8856-8865. [PMID: 38024158 PMCID: PMC10653273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c01601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymer brushes are widely used as versatile surface modifications. However, most of them are designed to be long-lasting by using nonbiodegradable materials. This generates additional plastic waste and hinders the reusability of substrates. To address this, we present a synthetic strategy for grafting degradable polymer brushes via organocatalytic surface-initiated ring-opening polymerization (SI-ROP) from stable PGMA-based macroinitiators. This yields polyester brush coatings (up to 50 nm in thickness) that hydrolyze with controlled patterns and can be regrown on the same substrate after degradation. We chose polyesters of different hydrolytic stability and degradation mechanism, i.e., poly(lactic acid) (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), which are grown from poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA)-based macroinitiators for strong surface binding and initiating site reuse. Brush degradation is monitored via thickness changes in pH-varied buffer solutions and seawater with PHB brushes showing rapid degradation in all solutions. PLA and PCL brushes show higher stability in solutions of up to pH 8, while all coatings fully degrade after 14 days in seawater. These brushes offer surface modifications with well-defined degradation patterns that can be regrown after degradation, making them an interesting alternative to (meth)acrylate-based, nondegradable polymers brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Brió Pérez
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry Group,
Department of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A. Hempenius
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry Group,
Department of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Sissi de Beer
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry Group,
Department of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry Group,
Department of Molecules & Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, University
of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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6
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Kaewbai-Ngam J, Incharoensakdi A, Monshupanee T. Determination of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Content in Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 Using Acid Hydrolysis Followed by High-performance Liquid Chromatography. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4790. [PMID: 37638303 PMCID: PMC10450728 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Various photoautotrophic cyanobacteria accumulate intracellular poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) granules. This protocol can be used for determining the PHB contents of the cells as % PHB weight per dry cell weight using acid hydrolysis followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This HPLC analysis is rapid, with a running time of approximately 5 min per sample. The technique can accurately determine PHB concentrations in the range of 2-1,000 μg/mL PHB. However, this technique is not applicable for determining the contents of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) in cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Kaewbai-Ngam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aran Incharoensakdi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Academy of Science, Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanakarn Monshupanee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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7
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Drakonaki A, Mathioudaki E, Geladas ED, Konsolaki E, Vitsaxakis N, Chaniotakis N, Xie H, Tsiotis G. Production of Polyhydroxybutyrate by Genetically Modified Pseudomonas sp. phDV1: A Comparative Study of Utilizing Wine Industry Waste as a Carbon Source. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1592. [PMID: 37375094 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas sp. phDV1 is a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) producer. The presence of the endogenous PHA depolymerase (phaZ) responsible for the degradation of the intracellular PHA is one of the main shortages in the bacterial production of PHA. Further, the production of PHA can be affected by the regulatory protein phaR, which is important in accumulating different PHA-associated proteins. PHA depolymerase phaZ and phaR knockout mutants of Pseudomonas sp. phDV1 were successfully constructed. We investigate the PHA production from 4.25 mM phenol and grape pomace of the mutants and the wild type. The production was screened by fluorescence microscopy, and the PHA production was quantified by HPLC chromatography. The PHA is composed of Polydroxybutyrate (PHB), as confirmed by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The wildtype strain produces approximately 280 μg PHB after 48 h in grape pomace, while the phaZ knockout mutant produces 310 μg PHB after 72 h in the presence of phenol per gram of cells, respectively. The ability of the phaZ mutant to synthesize high levels of PHB in the presence of monocyclic aromatic compounds may open the possibility of reducing the costs of industrial PHB production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Drakonaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, GR-70013 Voutes, Greece
| | | | | | - Eleni Konsolaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, GR-70013 Voutes, Greece
| | | | - Nikos Chaniotakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, GR-70013 Voutes, Greece
| | - Hao Xie
- Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue-Straße 3, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Georgios Tsiotis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, GR-70013 Voutes, Greece
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8
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Rajvanshi J, Sogani M, Kumar A, Arora S, Syed Z, Sonu K, Gupta NS, Kalra A. Perceiving biobased plastics as an alternative and innovative solution to combat plastic pollution for a circular economy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 874:162441. [PMID: 36858235 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plastic waste from fossil-based sources, including single-use packaging materials, is continuously accumulating in landfills, and leaching into the environment. A 2021 UN Environment Programme (UNEP) report suggests that the plastic pollution is likely to be doubled by 2030, posing a major challenge to the environment and the overall global plastic waste management efforts. The use of biobased plastics such as polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as a biodegradable substitute for petroleum-based plastics could be a feasible option to combat this issue which may further result in much lower carbon emissions and energy usage in comparison to conventional plastics as additional advantages. Though recent years have seen the use of microbes as biosynthetic machinery for biobased plastics, using various renewable feedstocks, the scaled-up production of such materials is still challenging. The current study outlays applications of biobased plastics, potential microorganisms producing biobased plastics such as Cupriavidus necator, Bacillus sp., Rhodopseudomonas palustris, microalgae, and mixed microbial cultures, and inexpensive and renewable resources as carbon substrates including industrial wastes. This review also provides deep insights into the operational parameters, challenges and mitigation, and future opportunities for maximizing the production of biobased plastic products. Finally, this review emphasizes the concept of biorefinery as a sustainable and innovative solution for biobased plastic production for achieving a circular bioeconomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayana Rajvanshi
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, 303007, Rajasthan, India
| | - Monika Sogani
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, 303007, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Anu Kumar
- The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Environment, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.
| | - Sudipti Arora
- Dr. B. Lal Institute of Biotechnology, Malviya Industrial Area, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India
| | - Zainab Syed
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, 303007, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kumar Sonu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kashi Institute of Technology, Varanasi, 221307, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nishan Sen Gupta
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, 303007, Rajasthan, India
| | - Aakanksha Kalra
- Dr. B. Lal Institute of Biotechnology, Malviya Industrial Area, Malviya Nagar, Jaipur, 302017, Rajasthan, India
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9
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Cassuriaga APA, Moraes L, Morais MG, Costa JAV. Use of exogenous substrate in Chlorella cultivation: Strategy for biomass and polyhydroxybutyrate production. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 231:123193. [PMID: 36634805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of exogenous carbon supplementation and nitrogen source reduction on Chlorella fusca LEB 111 growth, biomass composition, and polyhydroxybutyrate accumulation. First, assays were performed with 50 % and 25 % reduced nitrogen source concentrations (NaNO3). In the second stage, the influence of culture supplementation with 10, 20, and 30 mg L-1 D-xylose, associated with 50 and 25 % reductions in NaNO3, was evaluated. The experiments conducted with a 25 % reduction in NaNO3 and supplementation with 10 mg L-1 D-xylose resulted in a positive effect on the biomass productivity of C. fusca LEB 111, with production as high as 354.4 mg L-1 d-1. The maximum concentration of PHB extracted from C. fusca LEB 111 was 3.7 % (w w-1) and was obtained when the microalgae were cultivated with a 25 % of reduction in NaNO3 and supplementation of D-xylose at 20 mg L-1. Therefore, this study brings new perspectives regarding reducing the use of nutritional sources and using exogenous carbon sources in using microalgae to produce molecules of high biotechnological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Aguiar Cassuriaga
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiza Moraes
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Michele Greque Morais
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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10
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Mouhoubi R, Lasschuijt M, Ramon Carrasco S, Gojzewski H, Wurm FR. End-of-life biodegradation? how to assess the composting of polyesters in the lab and the field. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 154:36-48. [PMID: 36209717 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aerobic composting of biodegradable plastics can be a promising solution to the growing issue of waste accumulation. Therefore, this article offers a review of papers investigating the biodegradability of polyesters (PLA, PHB, PBS and PCL) in home- and industrial composting. Not only the thermal and biodegradation properties are discussed, but also a comparison is made between the different polyesters under the same composting conditions. From this review, it becomes clear that composting shows promise for polyester waste management. However, although several methods for assessing the composting properties of polyester have been developed, the fact that they rarely follow the same standards does not allow for a comparative analysis that would clearly define composting as the most viable solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakine Mouhoubi
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Merel Lasschuijt
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Salma Ramon Carrasco
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Hubert Gojzewski
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands.
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11
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Koch J, Scott E, Bitter J, Asadi Tashvigh A. A plant wide simulation of polyhydroxyalkanoate production from wastewater and its conversion to methyl crotonate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127994. [PMID: 36262002 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This work simulates the production of methyl crotonate from various industrial wastewaters. In the upstream process, wastewater is fermented into volatile fatty acids which are then converted into polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by means of mixed microbial cultures. In the downstream, PHA undergoes a series of thermolysis and esterification reactions to produce methyl crotonate. The origin of the wastewater was found to have a great influence on the composition of the PHA with the effluent of a candy bar factory producing a high polyhydroxybutyrate/polyhydroxyvalerate ratio of 86/14 in favour of methyl crotonate production. It was observed that the use of intracellular polyhydroxybutyrate, instead of purified, significantly lowers the number of separation steps and yet reduces the methyl crotonate recovery by only 20 %. An operating pressure higher than 18 bar led to more transesterification of polyhydroxybutyrate, producing byproducts instead of methyl crotonate. Finally, a 3 h reaction was found sufficient for completion of polyhydroxybutyrate conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris Koch
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elinor Scott
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes Bitter
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Akbar Asadi Tashvigh
- Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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12
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Abbew AW, Amadu AA, Qiu S, Champagne P, Adebayo I, Anifowose PO, Ge S. Understanding the influence of free nitrous acid on microalgal-bacterial consortium in wastewater treatment: A critical review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127916. [PMID: 36087656 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal-bacterial consortium (MBC) constitutes a sustainable and efficient alternative to the conventional activated sludge process for wastewater treatment (WWT). Recently, integrating the MBC process with nitritation (i.e., shortcut MBC) has been proposed to achieve added benefits of reduced carbon and aeration requirements. In the shortcut MBC system, nitrite or free nitrous acid (FNA) accumulation exerts antimicrobial influences that disrupt the stable process performance. In this review, the formation and interactions that influence the performance of the MBC were firstly summarized. Then the influence of FNA on microalgal and bacterial monocultures and related mechanisms together with the knowledge gaps of FNA influence on the shortcut MBC were highlighted. Other challenges and future perspectives that impact the scale-up of the shortcut MBC for WWT were illustrated. A potential roadmap is proposed on how to maximize the stable operation of the shortcut MBC system for sustainable WWT and high-value biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Wahab Abbew
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ayesha Algade Amadu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pascale Champagne
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Ismaeel Adebayo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peter Oluwaseun Anifowose
- School of Science, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shijian Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China.
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13
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Westlie AH, Quinn EC, Parker CR, Chen EYX. Synthetic biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs): Recent advances and future challenges. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Vlaeminck E, Uitterhaegen E, Quataert K, Delmulle T, De Winter K, Soetaert WK. Industrial side streams as sustainable substrates for microbial production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 38:238. [PMID: 36260135 PMCID: PMC9581835 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03416-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is a microbially produced biopolymer that is emerging as a propitious alternative to petroleum-based plastics owing to its biodegradable and biocompatible properties. However, to date, the relatively high costs related to the PHB production process are hampering its widespread commercialization. Since feedstock costs add up to half of the total production costs, ample research has been focusing on the use of inexpensive industrial side streams as carbon sources. While various industrial side streams such as second-generation carbohydrates, lignocellulose, lipids, and glycerol have been extensively investigated in liquid fermentation processes, also gaseous sources, including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and methane, are gaining attention as substrates for gas fermentation. In addition, recent studies have investigated two-stage processes to convert waste gases into PHB via organic acids or alcohols. In this review, a variety of different industrial side streams are discussed as more sustainable and economical carbon sources for microbial PHB production. In particular, a comprehensive overview of recent developments and remaining challenges in fermentation strategies using these feedstocks is provided, considering technical, environmental, and economic aspects to shed light on their industrial feasibility. As such, this review aims to contribute to the global shift towards a zero-waste bio-economy and more sustainable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Vlaeminck
- Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP), Rodenhuizekaai 1, Ghent, Belgium.,Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Koen Quataert
- Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP), Rodenhuizekaai 1, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Delmulle
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karel De Winter
- Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP), Rodenhuizekaai 1, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Wim K Soetaert
- Centre for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis (InBio.be), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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15
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Polyhydroxybutyrate biosynthesis from different waste materials, degradation, and analytic methods: a short review. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04406-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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16
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Qiao G, Li X, Li J, Zhang M, Shen Y, Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Qi Z, Chen P, Sun Y, Cang P, Liu P, Wangkahart E, Wang Z. An Eco-Friendly Conversion of Aquaculture Suspended Solid Wastes Into High-Quality Fish Food by Improving Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate Production. Front Physiol 2022; 13:797625. [PMID: 35721543 PMCID: PMC9205610 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.797625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The aquaculture industry is vital in providing a valuable protein food source for humans, but generates a huge amount of solid and dissolved wastes that pose great risks to the environment and aquaculture sustainability. Suspended solids (in short SS), one of the aquaculture wastes, are very difficult to be treated due to their high organic contents. The bioconversion from wastewater, food effluents, and activated sludge into poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) is a sustainable alternative to generate an additional income and could be highly attractive to the agricultural and environmental management firms. However, little is known about its potential application in aquaculture wastes. In the present study, we first determined that 7.2% of SS was PHB. Then, the production of PHB was increased two-fold by the optimal fermentation conditions of wheat bran and microbial cocktails at a C/N ratio of 12. Also, the PHB-enriched SS showed a higher total ammonia nitrogen removal rate. Importantly, we further demonstrated that the PHB-enriched SS as a feed could promote fish growth and up-regulate the expression of the immune-related genes. Our study developed an eco-friendly and simple approach to transforming problematic SS wastes into PHB-enriched high-quality food for omnivorous fish, which will increase the usage efficiency of SS and provide a cheaper diet for aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Qiao
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China.,School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | | | - Yang Shen
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Aquaculture, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yichan Zhang
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Zhitao Qi
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Yuyu Sun
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | | | - Peng Liu
- Yantai Marine Economic Research Institute, Yantai, China
| | - Eakapol Wangkahart
- Laboratory of Fish Immunology and Nutrigenomics, Applied Animal and Aquatic Sciences Research Unit, Division of Fisheries, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Zisheng Wang
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
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17
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Zhou W, Colpa DI, Geurkink B, Euverink GJW, Krooneman J. The impact of carbon to nitrogen ratios and pH on the microbial prevalence and polyhydroxybutyrate production levels using a mixed microbial starter culture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:152341. [PMID: 34921889 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Growth conditions have been frequently studied in optimizing polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production, while few studies were performed to unravel the dynamic mixed microbial consortia (MMCs) in the process. In this study, the relationship between growth conditions (C/N ratios and pH) and the corresponding key-microbes were identified and monitored during PHB accumulation. The highest PHB level (70 wt% of dry cell mass) was obtained at pH 9, C/N 40, and acetic acid 10 g/L. Linking the dominant genera with the highest point of PHB accumulation, Thauera was the most prevalent species in all MMCs of pH 9, except when a C/N ratio of 1 was applied. Notably, dominant bacteria shifted at pH 7 (C/N 10) from Thauera (0 h) to Paracoccus, and subsequently to Alcaligenes following the process of PHB accumulation and consumption. Further understanding of the relationship between the structure of the microbial community and the performance will be beneficial for regulating and obtaining high PHB accumulation within an MMC. Our study illustrates the impact of C/N ratios and pH on microbial prevalence and PHB production levels using a mixed microbial starter culture. This knowledge will broaden industrial perspectives for regulating high PHB production and timely harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhou
- Products and Processes for Biotechnology, Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dana Irene Colpa
- Products and Processes for Biotechnology, Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bert Geurkink
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Gert-Jan Willem Euverink
- Products and Processes for Biotechnology, Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janneke Krooneman
- Products and Processes for Biotechnology, Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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18
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Awasthi MK, Kumar V, Yadav V, Sarsaiya S, Awasthi SK, Sindhu R, Binod P, Kumar V, Pandey A, Zhang Z. Current state of the art biotechnological strategies for conversion of watermelon wastes residues to biopolymers production: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133310. [PMID: 34919909 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Poly-3-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable and compostable polyesters. This review is aimed to provide a unique approach that can help think tanks to frame strategies aiming for clean technology by utilizing cutting edge biotechnological advances to convert fruit and vegetable waste to biopolymer. A PHA manufacturing method based on watermelon waste residue that does not require extensive pretreatment provides a more environmentally friendly and sustainable approach that utilizes an agricultural waste stream. Incorporating fruit processing industry by-products and water, and other resource conservation methods would not only make the manufacturing of microbial bio-plastics like PHA more eco-friendly, but will also help our sector transition to a bioeconomy with circular product streams. The final and most critical element of this review is an in-depth examination of the several hazards inherent in PHA manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vivek Yadav
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Surendra Sarsaiya
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695019, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226 001, India
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, 712100, China.
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19
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The Comparison of Advanced Electrospun Materials Based on Poly(-3-hydroxybutyrate) with Natural and Synthetic Additives. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13010023. [PMID: 35323223 PMCID: PMC8955504 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The comparison of the effect of porphyrins of natural and synthetic origin containing the same metal atom on the structure and properties of the semi-crystalline polymer matrix is of current concern. A large number of modifying additives and biodegradable polymers for biomedical purposes, composed of poly(-3-hydroxybutyrate)-porphyrin, are of particular interest because of the combination of their unique properties. The objective of this work are electrospun fibrous material based on poly(-3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), hemin (Hmi), and tetraphenylporphyrin with iron (Fe(TPP)Cl). The structure of these new materials was investigated by methods such as optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, Electron paramagnetic resonance method, and Differential scanning calorimetry. The properties of the electrospun materials were analyzed by mechanical and biological tests, and the wetting contact angle was measured. In this work, it was found that even small concentrations of porphyrin can increase the antimicrobial properties by 12 times, improve the physical and mechanical properties by at least 3.5 times, and vary hydrophobicity by at least 5%. At the same time, additives similar in the structure had an oppositely directed effect on the supramolecular structure, the composition of the crystalline, and the amorphous phases. The article considers assumptions about the nature of such differences due to the influence of Hmi and Fe(TPP)Cl) on the macromolecular and fibrous structure of PHB.
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20
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Biosynthesis of Poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate) under the Control of an Anaerobically Induced Promoter by Recombinant Escherichia coli from Sucrose. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27010294. [PMID: 35011525 PMCID: PMC8746831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) is a polyester with biodegradable and biocompatible characteristics and has many potential applications. To reduce the raw material costs and microbial energy consumption during PHB production, cheaper carbon sources such as sucrose were evaluated for the synthesis of PHB under anaerobic conditions. In this study, metabolic network analysis was conducted to construct an optimized pathway for PHB production using sucrose as the sole carbon source and to guide the gene knockout to reduce the generation of mixed acid byproducts. The plasmid pMCS-sacC was constructed to utilize sucrose as a sole carbon source, and the cascaded promoter P3nirB was used to enhance PHB synthesis under anaerobic conditions. The mixed acid fermentation pathway was knocked out in Escherichia coli S17-1 to reduce the synthesis of byproducts. As a result, PHB yield was improved to 80% in 6.21 g/L cell dry weight by the resulted recombinant Escherichia coli in a 5 L bed fermentation, using sucrose as the sole carbon source under anaerobic conditions. As a result, the production costs of PHB will be significantly reduced.
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21
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Kumawat TK, Kumawat V, Sharma S, Sharma V, Pandit A, Kandwani N, Biyani M. Sustainable Green Methods for the Extraction of Biopolymers. Biopolymers 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-98392-5_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Udayan A, Sirohi R, Sreekumar N, Sang BI, Sim SJ. Mass cultivation and harvesting of microalgal biomass: Current trends and future perspectives. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126406. [PMID: 34826565 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are unicellular photosynthetic organisms capable of producing high-value metabolites like carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, pigments, and other high-value metabolites. Microalgal biomass gained more interest for the production of nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, therapeutics, food supplements, feed, biofuel, bio-fertilizers, etc. due to its high lipid and other high-value metabolite content. Microalgal biomass has the potential to convert trapped solar energy to organic materials and potential metabolites of nutraceutical and industrial interest. They have higher efficiency to fix carbon dioxide (CO2) and subsequently convert it into biomass and compounds of potential interest. However, to make microalgae a potential industrial candidate, cost-effective cultivation systems and harvesting methods for increasing biomass yield and reducing the cost of downstream processing have become extremely urgent and important. In this review, the current development in different microalgal cultivation systems and harvesting methods has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswathy Udayan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul South Korea; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhin Sreekumar
- Accubits Invent, Accubits Technologies Inc., Thiruvananthapuram 695 004, Kerala, India
| | - Byoung-In Sang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Jun Sim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul South Korea.
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23
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Sirohi R, Lee JS, Yu BS, Roh H, Sim SJ. Sustainable production of polyhydroxybutyrate from autotrophs using CO 2 as feedstock: Challenges and opportunities. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 341:125751. [PMID: 34416655 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to industrialization and rapid increase in world population, the global energy consumption has increased dramatically. As a consequence, there is increased consumption of fossil fuels, leading to a rapid increase in CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. This accumulated CO2 can be efficiently used by autotrophs as a carbon source to produce chemicals and biopolymers. There has been increasing attention on the production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), a biopolymer, with focus on reducing the production cost. For this, cheaper renewable feedstocks, molecular tools, including metabolic and genetic engineering have been explored to improve microbial strains along with process engineering aspects for scale-up of PHB production. This review discusses the recent advents on the utilization of CO2 as feedstock especially by engineered autotrophs, for sustainable production of PHB. The review also discusses the innovations in cultivation technology and process monitoring while understanding the underlying mechanisms for CO2 to biopolymer conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjna Sirohi
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136713, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Seop Lee
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136713, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Sun Yu
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136713, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Roh
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136713, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Sim
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136713, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Yuan H, Yuan J, You Y, Zhang B, Wu Y, Huang S, Zhang Y. Simultaneous ammonium and sulfate biotransformation driven by aeration: Nitrogen/sulfur metabolism and metagenome-based microbial ecology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148650. [PMID: 34198081 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to clarify the effect of oxygen respiration on biotransformation of alternative electron acceptors (e.g., nitrate and sulfate) underlying the simultaneous removal of ammonium and sulfate in a single aerated sequencing batch reactor. Complete nitrification was achieved in feast condition, while denitrification was carried out in both feast and famine conditions when aeration intensity (AI) was higher than 0.22 L/(L·min). Reactors R1 [0.56 L/(L·min)], R2 [0.22 L/(L·min)], and R3 [0.08 L/(L·min)] achieved 72.39% sulfate removal efficiency in feast condition, but H2S release occurred in R3. Following exogenous substrate depletion, sulfate concentration increased again and exceeded the influent value in R1, indicating that sulfate transformation was affected by oxygen intrusion. Metagenomic analysis showed that a higher AI promoted sulfate reduction by switching from dissimilatory to assimilatory pathway. Lower AI-acclimated microorganisms (R3) produced H2S and ammonium, while higher AI-acclimated microorganisms (R1) accumulated nitrite, which confirmed that biotransformation of N and S was strongly regulated by redox imbalance driven by aeration. This implied that respiration control, a microbial self-regulation mechanism, was linked to the dynamic imbalance between electron donors and electron acceptors. Aerobic nitrate (sulfate) reduction, as one of the effects of respiration control, could be used as an alternative strategy to compensate for dynamic imbalance, when supported by efficient endogenous metabolism. Moderate aeration induced microorganisms to change their energy conservation and survival strategy through respiration control and inter-genus protection of respiratory activity among keystone taxa (including Azoarcus in R1, Thauera in R2, and Thiobacillus, Ottowia, and Geoalkalibacter in R3) to form an optimal niche in response to oxygen intrusion and achieve benign biotransformation of C, N, and S without toxic intermediate accumulation. This study clarified the biotransformation mechanism of ammonium and sulfate driven by aeration and provided theoretical guidance for optimizing existing aeration-based techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiguang Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jianqi Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yingying You
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Biaojun Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yixiao Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shaobin Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Plant Micro/Nano Fiber Research Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate Production by Rhodopseudomonas sp. Grown in Semi-Continuous Mode in a 4 L Photobioreactor. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13091609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) by photosynthetic non-sulfur bacteria is a potential approach for producing biodegradable plastics. In this work, acetate was used as a single carbon source to study the effect on PHB formation in Rhodopseudomonas sp. cultured in a cylindrical four-liter photobioreactor under semi-continuous mode. The cultivation process is divided into a symmetrical growth phase and a PHB accumulation phase separated temporally. The symmetrical growth phase (nutrient sufficient conditions) was followed by a sulfur-limited phase to promote PHB accumulation. The main novelty is the progressive lowering of the sulfur concentration into Rhodopseudomonas culture, which was obtained by two concomitant conditions: (1) sulfur consumption during the bacterial growth and (2) semi-continuous growth strategy. This caused a progressive lowering of the sulfur concentration into Rhodopseudomonas culturedue to the sulfur-free medium used to replace 2 L of culture (50% of the total) that was withdrawn from the photobioreactor at each dilution. The PHB content ranged from 9.26% to 15.24% of cell dry weight. At the steady state phase, the average cumulative PHB was >210 mg/L. Sulfur deficiency proved to be one of the most suitable conditions to obtain high cumulative PHB in Rhodopseudomonas culture.
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