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Hu D, Cao Y, Cai C, Wang G, Zhou M, Peng L, Fan Y, Lai Q, Gao Z. Establishment of human cerebral organoid systems to model early neural development and assess the central neurotoxicity of environmental toxins. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:242-252. [PMID: 38767489 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202501000-00032/figure1/v/2024-05-14T021156Z/r/image-tiff Human brain development is a complex process, and animal models often have significant limitations. To address this, researchers have developed pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional structures, known as brain-like organoids, to more accurately model early human brain development and disease. To enable more consistent and intuitive reproduction of early brain development, in this study, we incorporated forebrain organoid culture technology into the traditional unguided method of brain organoid culture. This involved embedding organoids in matrigel for only 7 days during the rapid expansion phase of the neural epithelium and then removing them from the matrigel for further cultivation, resulting in a new type of human brain organoid system. This cerebral organoid system replicated the temporospatial characteristics of early human brain development, including neuroepithelium derivation, neural progenitor cell production and maintenance, neuron differentiation and migration, and cortical layer patterning and formation, providing more consistent and reproducible organoids for developmental modeling and toxicology testing. As a proof of concept, we applied the heavy metal cadmium to this newly improved organoid system to test whether it could be used to evaluate the neurotoxicity of environmental toxins. Brain organoids exposed to cadmium for 7 or 14 days manifested severe damage and abnormalities in their neurodevelopmental patterns, including bursts of cortical cell death and premature differentiation. Cadmium exposure caused progressive depletion of neural progenitor cells and loss of organoid integrity, accompanied by compensatory cell proliferation at ectopic locations. The convenience, flexibility, and controllability of this newly developed organoid platform make it a powerful and affordable alternative to animal models for use in neurodevelopmental, neurological, and neurotoxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiyu Hu
- Fundamental Research Center, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanqing Cao
- Fundamental Research Center, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglin Cai
- Fundamental Research Center, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangming Wang
- Fundamental Research Center, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Luying Peng
- Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias, Ministry of Education, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yantao Fan
- Fundamental Research Center, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Lai
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengliang Gao
- Fundamental Research Center, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai University School of Medicine, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, Shanghai University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen Y, Liu Y, Zhao P, Liang Y, Ma Y, Liu H, Hou J, Hou C, Huo D. Sulfhydryl-functionalized 3D MXene-AuNPs enabled electrochemical sensors for the selective determination of Pb 2+, Cu 2+ and Hg 2+ in grain. Food Chem 2024; 446:138770. [PMID: 38428079 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we made 3D MXene-AuNPs by in situ growth of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the surface of MXene by chemical reduction method, and then introduced three sulfhydryl (-SH) compounds as functionalized modifiers attached to the AuNPs to form a highly selective composite material for the detection of Pb2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+, respectively. The doping of AuNPs changes the microstructure of 2D MXene and generates more active sites. On a sensing platform based on ITO array electrodes, the detection system was optimised with sensitivities up to 1.157, 0.846 and 0.799 μA·μg-1Lcm-2 (Pb2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+). The selectivity of MXene@AuNPs was effectively improved by sulfhydryl group modification. In the range of 1-1300 μg L-1, the detection limits of three ions were 0.07, 0.13 and 0.21 μg L-1. In addition, this method can efficiently and accurately detect heavy metal ions in four cereal samples with consistent results with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Yiyi Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Yi Liang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China
| | - Yi Ma
- Liquor Making Biology Technology and Application of Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, 188 University Town, Yibin 644000, PR China
| | - Huan Liu
- Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, PR China
| | - Jingzhou Hou
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; Postdoctoral Research Station, Chongqing University, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Eldercare, Chongqing City Management College, Chongqing 401331, PR China.
| | - Changjun Hou
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China; Liquor Making Biology Technology and Application of Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, 188 University Town, Yibin 644000, PR China.
| | - Danqun Huo
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, PR China.
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Qian B, Li TY, Zheng ZX, Zhang HY, Xu WQ, Mo SM, Cui JJ, Chen WJ, Lin YC, Lin ZN. The involvement of SigmaR1 K142 degradation mediated by ERAD in neural senescence linked with CdCl 2 exposure. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 472:134466. [PMID: 38718507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Due to its uncertain pathogenesis, there is currently no treatment available for AD. Increasing evidences have linked cellular senescence to AD, although the mechanism triggering cellular senescence in AD requires further exploration. To investigate the involvement of cellular senescence in AD, we explored the effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) exposure, one of the potential environmental risk factors for AD, on neuron senescence in vivo and in vitro. β-amyloid (Aβ) and tubulin-associated protein (tau) pathologies were found to be enhanced by CdCl2 exposure in the in vitro models, while p53/p21/Rb cascade-related neuronal senescence pathways were activated. Conversely, the use of melatonin, a cellular senescence inhibitor, or a cadmium ion chelator suppressed CdCl2-induced neuron senescence, along with the Aβ and tau pathologies. Mechanistically, CdCl2 exposure activated the suppressor enhancer Lin-12/Notch 1-like (SEL1L)/HMG-CoA reductase degradation 1 (HRD1)-regulated endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), which enhanced the ubiquitin degradation of sigma-1 receptor (SigmaR1) by specifically recognizing its K142 site, resulting in the activation of the p53/p21/Rb pathway via the induction of Ca2+ dyshomeostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction. In the in vivo models, the administration of the SigmaR1 agonist ANAVEX2-73 rescues neurobehavioral inhibition and alleviates cellular senescence and AD-like pathology in the brain tissue of CdCl2-exposed mice. Consequently, the present study revealed a novel senescence-associated regulatory route for the SEL1L/HRD1/SigmaR1 axis that affects the pathological progression of CdCl2 exposure-associated AD. CdCl2 exposure activated SEL1L/HRD1-mediated ERAD and promoted the ubiquitinated degradation of SigmaR1, activating p53/p21/Rb pathway-regulated neuronal senescence. The results of the present study suggest that SigmaR1 may function as a neuroprotective biomarker of neuronal senescence, and pharmacological activation of SigmaR1 could be a promising intervention strategy for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ting-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhao-Xuan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Han-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wen-Qi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Su-Min Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jia-Jia Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wei-Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Zhong-Ning Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Wei F, Lin K, Ruan B, Wang C, Yang L, Wang H, Wang Y. Epigallocatechin gallate protects MC3T3-E1 cells from cadmium-induced apoptosis and dysfunction via modulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17488. [PMID: 38827303 PMCID: PMC11141548 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), an active constituent of tea, is recognized for its anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the specific mechanism by which EGCG protects osteoblasts from cadmium-induced damage remains incompletely understood. Here, the action of EGCG was investigated by exposing MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts to EGCG and CdCl2 and examining their growth, apoptosis, and differentiation. It was found that EGCG promoted the viability of cadmium-exposed MC3T3-E1 cells, mitigated apoptosis, and promoted both maturation and mineralization. Additionally, CdCl2 has been reported to inhibit both the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1(Nrf2/HO-1) signaling pathways. EGCG treatment attenuated cadmium-induced apoptosis in osteoblasts and restored their function by upregulating both signaling pathways. The findings provide compelling evidence for EGCG's role in attenuating cadmium-induced osteoblast apoptosis and dysfunction through activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. This suggests the potential of using EGCG for treating cadmium-induced osteoblast dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanhao Wei
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kai Lin
- Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Binjia Ruan
- Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Lixun Yang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Yang H, Niu S, Guo M, Xue Y. Applications of 3D organoids in toxicological studies: a comprehensive analysis based on bibliometrics and advances in toxicological mechanisms. Arch Toxicol 2024:10.1007/s00204-024-03777-4. [PMID: 38806717 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
A mechanism exploration is an important part of toxicological studies. However, traditional cell and animal models can no longer meet the current needs for in-depth studies of toxicological mechanisms. The three-dimensional (3D) organoid derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESC) or induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) is an ideal experimental model for the study of toxicological effects and mechanisms, which further recapitulates the human tissue microenvironment and provides a reliable method for studying complex cell-cell interactions. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the 3D organoid technology in toxicological studies, including a bibliometric analysis of the existing literature and an exploration of the latest advances in toxicological mechanisms. The use of 3D organoids in toxicology research is growing rapidly, with applications in disease modeling, organ-on-chips, and drug toxicity screening being emphasized, but academic communications among countries/regions, institutions, and research scholars need to be further strengthened. Attempts to study the toxicological mechanisms of exogenous chemicals such as heavy metals, nanoparticles, drugs and organic pollutants are also increasing. It can be expected that 3D organoids can be better applied to the safety evaluation of exogenous chemicals by establishing a standardized methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shuyan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Menghao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Cong J, Wu J, Fang Y, Wang J, Kong X, Wang L, Duan Z. Application of organoid technology in the human health risk assessment of microplastics: A review of progresses and challenges. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 188:108744. [PMID: 38761429 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution has become a global environmental issue, and increasing concern has been raised about its impact on human health. Current studies on the toxic effects and mechanisms of MPs have mostly been conducted in animal models or in vitro cell cultures, which have limitations regarding inter-species differences or stimulation of cellular functions. Organoid technology derived from human pluripotent or adult stem cells has broader prospects for predicting the potential health risks of MPs to humans. Herein, we reviewed the current application advancements and opportunities for different organoids, including brain, retinal, intestinal, liver, and lung organoids, to assess the human health risks of MPs. Organoid techniques accurately simulate the complex processes of MPs and reflect phenotypes related to diseases caused by MPs such as liver fibrosis, neurodegeneration, impaired intestinal barrier and cardiac hypertrophy. Future perspectives were also proposed for technological innovation in human risk assessment of MPs using organoids, including extending the lifespan of organoids to assess the chronic toxicity of MPs, and reconstructing multi-organ interactions to explore their potential in studying the microbiome-gut-brainaxis effect of MPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoyue Cong
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jin Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Environment and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Yanjun Fang
- Tianjin Institute of Environment and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Xiaoyan Kong
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhenghua Duan
- School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China.
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Nguyen TV, Trang PN, Kumar A. Understanding PFAS toxicity through cell culture metabolomics: Current applications and future perspectives. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 186:108620. [PMID: 38579451 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), ubiquitous environmental contaminants, pose significant challenges to ecosystems and human health. While cell cultures have emerged as new approach methodologies (NAMs) in ecotoxicity research, metabolomics is an emerging technique used to characterize the small-molecule metabolites present in cells and to understand their role in various biological processes. Integration of metabolomics with cell cultures, known as cell culture metabolomics, provides a novel and robust tool to unravel the complex molecular responses induced by PFAS exposure. In vitro testing also reduces reliance on animal testing, aligning with ethical and regulatory imperatives. The current review summarizes key findings from recent studies utilizing cell culture metabolomics to investigate PFAS toxicity, highlighting alterations in metabolic pathways, biomarker identification, and the potential linkages between metabolic perturbations. Additionally, the paper discusses different types of cell cultures and metabolomics methods used for studies of environmental contaminants and particularly PFAS. Future perspectives on the combination of metabolomics with other advanced technologies, such as single-cell metabolomics (SCM), imaging mass spectrometry (IMS), extracellular flux analysis (EFA), and multi-omics are also explored, which offers a holistic understanding of environmental contaminants. The synthesis of current knowledge and identification of research gaps provide a foundation for future investigations that aim to elucidate the complexities of PFAS-induced cellular responses and contribute to the development of effective strategies for mitigating their adverse effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao V Nguyen
- Environment, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Waite Campus, South Australia 5064, Australia; NTT Institute of High Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Phan Nguyen Trang
- Department of Food Technology, Institute of Food and Biotechnology, Can Tho University, Campus II, 3/2 Street, Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho, Viet Nam.
| | - Anu Kumar
- Environment, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Waite Campus, South Australia 5064, Australia.
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Mei J, Liu X, Tian H, Chen Y, Cao Y, Zeng J, Liu Y, Chen Y, Gao Y, Yin J, Wang P. Tumour organoids and assembloids: Patient-derived cancer avatars for immunotherapy. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1656. [PMID: 38664597 PMCID: PMC11045561 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organoid technology is an emerging and rapidly growing field that shows promise in studying organ development and screening therapeutic regimens. Although organoids have been proposed for a decade, concerns exist, including batch-to-batch variations, lack of the native microenvironment and clinical applicability. MAIN BODY The concept of organoids has derived patient-derived tumour organoids (PDTOs) for personalized drug screening and new drug discovery, mitigating the risks of medication misuse. The greater the similarity between the PDTOs and the primary tumours, the more influential the model will be. Recently, 'tumour assembloids' inspired by cell-coculture technology have attracted attention to complement the current PDTO technology. High-quality PDTOs must reassemble critical components, including multiple cell types, tumour matrix, paracrine factors, angiogenesis and microorganisms. This review begins with a brief overview of the history of organoids and PDTOs, followed by the current approaches for generating PDTOs and tumour assembloids. Personalized drug screening has been practised; however, it remains unclear whether PDTOs can predict immunotherapies, including immune drugs (e.g. immune checkpoint inhibitors) and immune cells (e.g. tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte, T cell receptor-engineered T cell and chimeric antigen receptor-T cell). PDTOs, as cancer avatars of the patients, can be expanded and stored to form a biobank. CONCLUSION Fundamental research and clinical trials are ongoing, and the intention is to use these models to replace animals. Pre-clinical immunotherapy screening using PDTOs will be beneficial to cancer patients. KEY POINTS The current PDTO models have not yet constructed key cellular and non-cellular components. PDTOs should be expandable and editable. PDTOs are promising preclinical models for immunotherapy unless mature PDTOs can be established. PDTO biobanks with consensual standards are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Mei
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of PharmacogeneticsCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of PharmacogenomicsMinistry of EducationChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xingjian Liu
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hui‐Xiang Tian
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of PharmacogeneticsCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yang Cao
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yung‐Chiang Liu
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Chen
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Pulmonary Nodules Precise Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Xiangya Lung Cancer Center, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ji‐Ye Yin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of PharmacogeneticsCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of PharmacogenomicsMinistry of EducationChangshaPeople's Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaPeople's Republic of China
| | - Peng‐Yuan Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory; Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Institute of AgingWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouPeople's Republic of China
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Bultelle F, Le Saux A, David E, Tanguy A, Devin S, Olivier S, Poret A, Chan P, Louis F, Delahaut L, Pain-Devin S, Péden R, Vaudry D, Le Foll F, Rocher B. Cadmium Highlights Common and Specific Responses of Two Freshwater Sentinel Species, Dreissena polymorpha and Dreissena rostriformis bugensis. Proteomes 2024; 12:10. [PMID: 38651369 PMCID: PMC11036304 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes12020010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Zebra mussel (ZM), Dreissena polymorpha, commonly used as a sentinel species in freshwater biomonitoring, is now in competition for habitat with quagga mussel (QM), Dreissena rostriformis bugensis. This raises the question of the quagga mussel's use in environmental survey. To better characterise QM response to stress compared with ZM, both species were exposed to cadmium (100 µg·L-1), a classic pollutant, for 7 days under controlled conditions. The gill proteomes were analysed using two-dimensional electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry. For ZM, 81 out of 88 proteoforms of variable abundance were identified using mass spectrometry, and for QM, 105 out of 134. Interestingly, the proteomic response amplitude varied drastically, with 5.6% of proteoforms of variable abundance (DAPs) in ZM versus 9.4% in QM. QM also exhibited greater cadmium accumulation. Only 12 common DAPs were observed. Several short proteoforms were detected, suggesting proteolysis. Functional analysis is consistent with the pleiotropic effects of the toxic metal ion cadmium, with alterations in sulphur and glutathione metabolisms, cellular calcium signalling, cytoskeletal dynamics, energy production, chaperone activation, and membrane events with numerous proteins involved in trafficking and endocytosis/exocytosis processes. Beyond common responses, the sister species display distinct reactions, with cellular response to stress being the main category involved in ZM as opposed to calcium and cytoskeleton alterations in QM. Moreover, QM exhibited greater evidence of proteolysis and cell death. Overall, these results suggest that QM has a weaker stress response capacity than ZM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Bultelle
- UMR-I 02 INERIS-SEBIO, UFR ST, Scale FR-CNRS 3730, Le Havre Normandie University, 76063 Le Havre, France (B.R.)
| | - Aimie Le Saux
- UMR-I 02 INERIS-SEBIO, UFR ST, Scale FR-CNRS 3730, Le Havre Normandie University, 76063 Le Havre, France (B.R.)
| | - Elise David
- UMR-I 02 INERIS-SEBIO, UFR SEN, Reims Champagne-Ardenne University, 51100 Reims, France; (E.D.)
| | - Arnaud Tanguy
- UMR 7144, CNRS, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Sorbonne University, 29680 Roscoff, France;
| | - Simon Devin
- LIEC, CNRS, UFR SCIFA, Lorraine University, 57000 Metz, France; (S.D.)
| | - Stéphanie Olivier
- UMR-I 02 INERIS-SEBIO, UFR ST, Scale FR-CNRS 3730, Le Havre Normandie University, 76063 Le Havre, France (B.R.)
| | - Agnès Poret
- UMR-I 02 INERIS-SEBIO, UFR ST, Scale FR-CNRS 3730, Le Havre Normandie University, 76063 Le Havre, France (B.R.)
| | - Philippe Chan
- INSERM US 51, CNRS UAR 2026, HeRacLeS, Rouen Normandie University, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- PISSARO IRIB, Rouen Normandie University, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Fanny Louis
- UMR-I 02 INERIS-SEBIO, UFR SEN, Reims Champagne-Ardenne University, 51100 Reims, France; (E.D.)
- LIEC, CNRS, UFR SCIFA, Lorraine University, 57000 Metz, France; (S.D.)
| | - Laurence Delahaut
- UMR-I 02 INERIS-SEBIO, UFR SEN, Reims Champagne-Ardenne University, 51100 Reims, France; (E.D.)
| | | | - Romain Péden
- UMR-I 02 INERIS-SEBIO, UFR SEN, Reims Champagne-Ardenne University, 51100 Reims, France; (E.D.)
| | - David Vaudry
- INSERM U982 DC2N, Rouen Normandie University, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Frank Le Foll
- UMR-I 02 INERIS-SEBIO, UFR ST, Scale FR-CNRS 3730, Le Havre Normandie University, 76063 Le Havre, France (B.R.)
| | - Béatrice Rocher
- UMR-I 02 INERIS-SEBIO, UFR ST, Scale FR-CNRS 3730, Le Havre Normandie University, 76063 Le Havre, France (B.R.)
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10
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Zhang Y, Liu K, He H, Xiao H, Fang Z, Chen X, Li H. Innovative explorations: unveiling the potential of organoids for investigating environmental pollutant exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:16256-16273. [PMID: 38342830 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32256-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
As the economy rapidly develops, chemicals are widely produced and used. This has exacerbated the problems associated with environmental pollution, raising the need for efficient toxicological evaluation techniques to investigate the toxic effects and mechanisms of toxicity of environmental pollutants. The progress in the techniques of cell culture in three dimensions has resulted in the creation of models that are more relevant in terms of biology and physiology. This enables researchers to study organ development, toxicology, and drug screening. Adult stem cells (ASCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be obtained from various mammalian tissues, including cancerous and healthy tissues. Such stem cells exhibit a significant level of tissue memory and ability to self-assemble. When cultivated in 3D in vitro environments, the resulting organoids demonstrate a remarkable capacity to recapitulate the cellular composition and function of organs in vivo. Recently, many tumors' tissue-derived organoids have been widely used in research on tumor pathogenesis, drug development, precision medicine, and other fields, including those derived from colon cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, liver cancer, and gastric cancer. However, the application of organoid models for evaluating the toxicity of environmental pollutants is still in its infancy. This review introduces the characteristics of the toxicity responses of organoid models upon exposure to pollutants from the perspectives of organoid characteristics, tissue types, and their applications in toxicology; discusses the feasibility of using organoid models in evaluating the toxicity of pollutants; and provides a reference for future toxicological studies on environmental pollutants based on organoid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhang Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhihong Fang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xianxian Chen
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huiming Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Environmental Risk Prevention and Emergency Response Technology, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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11
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Li MR, Men SH, Wang ZY, Liu C, Zhou GR, Yan ZG. The application of human-derived cell lines in neurotoxicity studies of environmental pollutants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168839. [PMID: 38036138 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
As industrial and societal advancements progress, an increasing number of environmental pollutants linked to human existence have been substantiated to elicit neurotoxicity and developmental neural toxicity. For research in this field, human-derived neural cell lines have become excellent in vitro models. This study examines the utilization of immortalized cell lines, specifically the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line, and neural cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells, in the investigation of neurotoxicity and developmental neural toxicity caused by environmental pollutants. The study also explores the culturing techniques employed for these cell lines and provides an overview of the standardized assays used to assess various biological endpoints. The environmental pollutants involved include a variety of organic compounds, heavy metals, and microplastics. The utilization of cell lines derived from human sources holds significant significance in elucidating the neurotoxic effects of environmental pollutants and the underlying mechanisms. Finally, we propose the possibility of improving the in vitro model of the human nervous system and the toxicity detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Shu-Hui Men
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zi-Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Guo-Rui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhen-Guang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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12
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Huang Y, Guo X, Lu S, Chen Q, Wang Z, Lai L, Liu Q, Zhu X, Luo L, Li J, Huang Y, Gao H, Zhang Z, Bu Q, Cen X. Long-term exposure to cadmium disrupts neurodevelopment in mature cerebral organoids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168923. [PMID: 38065485 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a pervasive environmental pollutant. Increasing evidence suggests that Cd exposure during pregnancy can induce adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, due to the limitations of neural cell and animal models, it is challenging to study the developmental neurotoxicity and underlying toxicity mechanism of long-term exposure to environmental pollutants during human brain development. In this study, chronic Cd exposure was performed in human mature cerebral organoids for 49 or 77 days. Our study found that prolonged exposure to Cd resulted in the inhibition of cerebral organoid growth and the disruption of neural differentiation and cortical layer organization. These potential consequences of chronic Cd exposure may include impaired GFAP expression, a reduction in SOX2+ neuronal progenitor cells, an increase in TUJ1+ immature neurons, as well as an initial increase and a subsequent decrease in both TBR2+ intermediate progenitors and CTIP2+ deep layer cortical neurons. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that long-term exposure to Cd disrupted zinc and copper ion homeostasis through excessive synthesis of metallothionein and disturbed synaptogenesis, as evidenced by inhibited postsynaptic protein. Our study employed mature cerebral organoids to evaluate the developmental neurotoxicity induced by long-term Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Molecular Toxicology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xinhua Guo
- Molecular Toxicology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shiya Lu
- Molecular Toxicology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiqi Chen
- Molecular Toxicology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiqiu Wang
- Molecular Toxicology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Lai
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Liu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xizhi Zhu
- Molecular Toxicology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Luo
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayuan Li
- Molecular Toxicology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yina Huang
- Molecular Toxicology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomass and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zunzhen Zhang
- Molecular Toxicology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Bu
- Molecular Toxicology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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13
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Chen S, Abdulla A, Yan H, Mi Q, Ding X, He J, Yan C. Proteome signatures of joint toxicity to arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) in human brain organoids with optic vesicles. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117875. [PMID: 38072110 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) are toxins found in the natural surroundings, and the harmful health outcomes caused by the co-exposure of such toxins have become a considerable problem. However, the joint neurotoxicity of As and Pb to neurodevelopment and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Pluripotent stem cell-derived human brain organoids are emerging animal model alternatives for understanding neurological-related diseases. Therefore, we utilized brain organoids with optic vesicles (OVB-organoids) to systematically analyze the neurotoxicity of As and Pb. After 24 h of As and/or Pb exposure, hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that As and Pb exposure could cause disorders in the structure of the ventricular zone and general cell disarrangement in OVB-organoids. Immunostaining displayed that OVB-organoids are more susceptible to As and Pb co-exposure than independent exposure in apoptosis, proliferation, and cell differentiation. Meanwhile, even though As and Pb could both hinder cell proliferation, contrary to Pb, As could induce an increasing proportion of mitotic (G2/M) cells. The proteome landscape of OVB-organoids illustrated that Pb synergized with As in G2/M arrest and the common role of As and Pb in carcinogenesis. Besides, proteomics analyses suggested the consequential role of autophagy and Wnt pathway in the neurotoxicity of As and Pb co-exposure. Overall, our findings provide penetrating insights into the cell cycle, carcinogenesis, autophagy, and Wnt pathway underlying the As and Pb binary exposure scenarios, which could enhance our understanding of the mixture neurotoxicity mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujin Chen
- Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Aynur Abdulla
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Haoni Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Quanying Mi
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xianting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Jie He
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Chonghuai Yan
- Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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14
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Hu C, Yang S, Zhang T, Ge Y, Chen Z, Zhang J, Pu Y, Liang G. Organoids and organoids-on-a-chip as the new testing strategies for environmental toxicology-applications & advantages. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 184:108415. [PMID: 38309193 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
An increasing number of harmful environmental factors are causing serious impacts on human health, and there is an urgent need to accurately identify the toxic effects and mechanisms of these harmful environmental factors. However, traditional toxicity test methods (e.g., animal models and cell lines) often fail to provide accurate results. Fortunately, organoids differentiated from stem cells can more accurately, sensitively and specifically reflect the effects of harmful environmental factors on the human body. They are also suitable for specific studies and are frequently used in environmental toxicology nowadays. As a combination of organoids and organ-on-a-chip technology, organoids-on-a-chip has great potential in environmental toxicology. It is more controllable to the physicochemical microenvironment and is not easy to be contaminated. It has higher homogeneity in the size and shape of organoids. In addition, it can achieve vascularization and exchange the nutrients and metabolic wastes in time. Multi-organoids-chip can also simulate the interactions of different organs. These advantages can facilitate better function and maturity of organoids, which can also make up for the shortcomings of common organoids to a certain extent. This review firstly discussed the limitations of traditional toxicology testing platforms, leading to the introduction of new platforms: organoids and organoids-on-a-chip. Next, the applications of different organoids and organoids-on-a-chip in environmental toxicology were summarized and prospected. Since the advantages of the new platforms have not been sufficiently considered in previous literature, we particularly emphasized them. Finally, this review also summarized the opportunities and challenges faced by organoids and organoids-on-a-chip, with the expectation that readers will gain a deeper understanding of their value in the field of environmental toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Yiling Ge
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China; Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Zaozao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China; Institute of Biomaterials and Medical Devices, Southeast University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215163, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Geyu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
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15
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Jiang M, Zhao H. Joint association of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure with depression in adults. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117807. [PMID: 38043898 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy metals (HMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) represent significant components of environmental pollution, typically occurring as mixtures, raising concerns about their potential impact on human health. However, the combined effect of HMs and PAHs exposure on depression has not been explored. METHODS Leveraging National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data spanning 2005 to 2016, we employ survey-weighted multiple logistic regression models to probe the interrelation between HMs, PAHs, and depression. This exploration is complemented by age and gender-stratified analyses, as well as a determination of the dose-response linkage via restricted cubic spline regression. Furthermore, the combined impact of HMs and PAHs on depression was evaluated through a range of statistical methodologies. RESULTS The study encompasses 7732 adults. Our findings unveil notable associations, indicating the significant influence of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and all six PAHs metabolites on depression. Moreover, mixed exposure to HMs and PAHs emerges as a substantial contributor to an augmented depression risk, with Cd, Pb, 1-hydroxynaphthalene (1-NAP), 2-hydroxyfluorene (2-FLU), and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-PYR) likely driving this positive relationship. Intriguingly, subgroup analyses highlight greater prominence of these connections among individuals aged 20-59 and among women. Furthermore, the results tentatively suggest a potential interplay between Cd and 2-NAP in relation to depression. CONCLUSION This study posits that exposure to both individual and combined HMs and PAHs may be associated with an elevated risk of depression. Further prospective investigations are warranted to substantiate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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16
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Lan Y, Gao X, Xu H, Li M. 20 years of polybrominated diphenyl ethers on toxicity assessments. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 249:121007. [PMID: 38096726 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) serve as brominated flame retardants which continue to receive considerable attention because of their persistence, bioaccumulation, and potential toxicity. Although PBDEs have been restricted and phased out, large amounts of commercial products containing PBDEs are still in use and discarded annually. Consequently, PBDEs added to products can be released into our surrounding environments, particularly in aquatic systems, thus posing great risks to human health. Many studies and reviews have described the possible toxic effects of PBDEs, while few studies have comprehensively summarized and analyzed the global trends of their toxicity assessment. Therefore, this study utilizes bibliometrics to evaluate the worldwide scientific output of PBDE toxicity and analyze the hotspots and future trends of this field. Firstly, the basic information including the most contributing countries/institutions, journals, co-citations, influential authors, and keywords involved in PBDE toxicity assessment will be visualized. Subsequently, the potential toxicity of PBDE exposure to diverse systems, such as endocrine, reproductive, neural, and gastrointestinal tract systems, and related toxic mechanisms will be discussed. Finally, we conclude this review by outlining the current challenges and future perspectives in environmentally relevant PBDE exposure, potential carriers for PBDE transport, the fate of PBDEs in the environment and human bodies, advanced stem cell-derived organoid models for toxicity assessment, and promising omics technologies for obtaining toxic mechanisms. This review is expected to offer systematical insights into PBDE toxicity assessments and facilitate the development of PBDE-based research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lan
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xue Gao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Minghui Li
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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17
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Patel D, Shetty S, Acha C, Pantoja IEM, Zhao A, George D, Gracias DH. Microinstrumentation for Brain Organoids. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2302456. [PMID: 38217546 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Brain organoids are three-dimensional aggregates of self-organized differentiated stem cells that mimic the structure and function of human brain regions. Organoids bridge the gaps between conventional drug screening models such as planar mammalian cell culture, animal studies, and clinical trials. They can revolutionize the fields of developmental biology, neuroscience, toxicology, and computer engineering. Conventional microinstrumentation for conventional cellular engineering, such as planar microfluidic chips; microelectrode arrays (MEAs); and optical, magnetic, and acoustic techniques, has limitations when applied to three-dimensional (3D) organoids, primarily due to their limits with inherently two-dimensional geometry and interfacing. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop new instrumentation compatible with live cell culture techniques and with scalable 3D formats relevant to organoids. This review discusses conventional planar approaches and emerging 3D microinstrumentation necessary for advanced organoid-machine interfaces. Specifically, this article surveys recently developed microinstrumentation, including 3D printed and curved microfluidics, 3D and fast-scan optical techniques, buckling and self-folding MEAs, 3D interfaces for electrochemical measurements, and 3D spatially controllable magnetic and acoustic technologies relevant to two-way information transfer with brain organoids. This article highlights key challenges that must be addressed for robust organoid culture and reliable 3D spatiotemporal information transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devan Patel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Saniya Shetty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Chris Acha
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Itzy E Morales Pantoja
- Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing (CAAT), Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Alice Zhao
- Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Derosh George
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - David H Gracias
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics (LCSR), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Center for MicroPhysiological Systems (MPS), Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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18
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Bu Q, Dai Y, Zhang H, Li M, Liu H, Huang Y, Zeng A, Qin F, Jiang L, Wang L, Chen Y, Li H, Wang X, Zhao Y, Qin M, Zhao Y, Zhang N, Kuang W, Zhao Y, Cen X. Neurodevelopmental defects in human cortical organoids with N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase mutation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf2772. [PMID: 38000033 PMCID: PMC10672180 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf2772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Biallelic genetic variants in N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase (NANS), a critical enzyme in endogenous sialic acid biosynthesis, are clinically associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the mechanism underlying the neuropathological consequences has remained elusive. Here, we found that NANS mutation resulted in the absence of both sialic acid and protein polysialylation in the cortical organoids and notably reduced the proliferation and expansion of neural progenitors. NANS mutation dysregulated neural migration and differentiation, disturbed synapse formation, and weakened neuronal activity. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that NANS loss of function markedly altered transcriptional programs involved in neuronal differentiation and ribosomal biogenesis in various neuronal cell types. Similarly, Nans heterozygous mice exhibited impaired cortical neurogenesis and neurobehavioral deficits. Collectively, our findings reveal a crucial role of NANS-mediated endogenous sialic acid biosynthesis in regulating multiple features of human cortical development, thus linking NANS mutation with its clinically relevant neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Bu
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanping Dai
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Huaqin Zhang
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Min Li
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Haxiaoyu Liu
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory of Sichuan Provincial Education office, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ailing Zeng
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Feng Qin
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Linhong Jiang
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yaxing Chen
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hongchun Li
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Meng Qin
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Mental Health Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weihong Kuang
- Mental Health Center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- Mental Health Center and National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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19
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Michalski C, Wen Z. Leveraging iPSC technology to assess neuro-immune interactions in neurological and psychiatric disorders. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1291115. [PMID: 38025464 PMCID: PMC10672983 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1291115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Communication between the immune and the nervous system is essential for human brain development and homeostasis. Disruption of this intricately regulated crosstalk can lead to neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, or neurodegenerative disorders. While animal models have been essential in characterizing the role of neuroimmunity in development and disease, they come with inherent limitations due to species specific differences, particularly with regard to microglia, the major subset of brain resident immune cells. The advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology now allows the development of clinically relevant models of the central nervous system that adequately reflect human genetic architecture. This article will review recent publications that have leveraged iPSC technology to assess neuro-immune interactions. First, we will discuss the role of environmental stressors such as neurotropic viruses or pro-inflammatory cytokines on neuronal and glial function. Next, we will review how iPSC models can be used to study genetic risk factors in neurological and psychiatric disorders. Lastly, we will evaluate current challenges and future potential for iPSC models in the field of neuroimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Michalski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Zhexing Wen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
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20
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Mannino F, Pallio G, Imbesi C, Scarfone A, Puzzolo D, Micali A, Freni J, Squadrito F, Bitto A, Minutoli L, Irrera N. Beta-Caryophyllene, a Plant-Derived CB2 Receptor Agonist, Protects SH-SY5Y Cells from Cadmium-Induced Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15487. [PMID: 37895166 PMCID: PMC10607613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a transition heavy metal that is able to accumulate in the central nervous system and may induce cell death through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated mechanisms and inactivating the antioxidant processes, becoming an important risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. The antioxidant effects of cannabinoid receptor modulation have been extensively described, and, in particular, β-Caryophyllene (BCP), a plant-derived cannabinoid 2 receptor (CB2R) agonist, not only showed significant antioxidant properties but also anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and neuroprotective effects. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate BCP effects in a model of Cd-induced toxicity in the neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line used to reproduce Cd intoxication in humans. SH-SY5Y cells were pre-treated with BCP (25, 50, and 100 μM) for 24 h. The day after, cells were challenged with cadmium chloride (CdCl2; 10 μM) for 24 h to induce neuronal toxicity. CdCl2 increased ROS accumulation, and BCP treatment significantly reduced ROS production at concentrations of 50 and 100 μM. In addition, CdCl2 significantly decreased the protein level of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) compared to unstimulated cells; the treatment with BCP at a concentration of 50 μM markedly increased Nrf2 expression, thus confirming the BCP anti-oxidant effect. Moreover, BCP treatment preserved cells from death, regulated the apoptosis pathway, and showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect, thus reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokines increased by the CdCl2 challenge. The results indicated that BCP preserved neuronal damage induced by Cd and might represent a future candidate for protection in neurotoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Mannino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.P.); (D.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Chiara Imbesi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Alessandro Scarfone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Domenico Puzzolo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.P.); (D.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Antonio Micali
- Department of Adult and Childhood Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - José Freni
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.P.); (D.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Letteria Minutoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
| | - Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (F.M.); (C.I.); (A.S.); (F.S.); (A.B.); (N.I.)
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21
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Li C, Fan X, Wang Y, Wang Z, Dang Y, Cui Y. Can the development of renewable energy in China compensate for the damage caused by environmental pollution to residents' health? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:92636-92650. [PMID: 37491496 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28801-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
China's rapid economic growth in recent decades has caused a growing problem of environmental pollution, which negatively impacts the physical and mental health of residents. In recent years, renewable energy has emerged as a promising solution to alleviate environmental pollution and improve residents' well-being. However, it is unknown whether renewable energy development can counterbalance the health impacts of environmental pollution. Therefore, we conducted a study using data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) to examine the impact of environmental pollution and renewable energy on the health of 20,694 residents. Our analysis showed that renewable energy development can partially offset the negative health effects of environmental pollution. Specifically, we found that a 1% increase in environmental pollution is linked to an average decrease of 0.0911% in physical health (PHY) and 0.0566% in mental health (MEN), whereas each 1% rise in renewable energy corresponds to an average increase of 0.2585% in PHY and 0.1847% in MEN. These positive effects apply to male and female residents, urban and rural residents, young and middle-aged adults, and people with low, medium, and high levels of education. These findings are significant for decision-makers striving to improve Chinese residents' physical and mental health by considering the specific impact of renewable energy and comprehensive environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggang Li
- School of Big Data Application and Economics, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Green Development Strategy Research Institute in Western China, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xiangbo Fan
- School of Big Data Application and Economics, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- College of Foreign Studies, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zuogong Wang
- Green Development Strategy Research Institute in Western China, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yunxiao Dang
- Institute of Land and Urban-Rural Development, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yuanzheng Cui
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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22
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Du Z, Zang Z, Luo J, Liu T, Yang L, Cai Y, Wang L, Zhang D, Zhao J, Gao J, Lv K, Wang L, Li H, Gong H, Fan X. Chronic exposure to (2 R,6 R)-hydroxynorketamine induces developmental neurotoxicity in hESC-derived cerebral organoids. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 453:131379. [PMID: 37054645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
(R,S)-ketamine (ketamine) has been increasingly used recreationally and medicinally worldwide; however, it cannot be removed by conventional wastewater treatment plants. Both ketamine and its metabolite norketamine have been frequently detected to a significant degree in effluents, aquatic, and even atmospheric environments, which may pose risks to organisms and humans via drinking water and aerosols. Ketamine has been shown to affect the brain development of unborn babies, while it is still elusive whether (2 R,6 R)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK) induces similar neurotoxicity. Here, we investigated the neurotoxic effect of (2 R,6 R)-HNK exposure at the early stages of gestation by applying human cerebral organoids derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). Short-term (2 R,6 R)-HNK exposure did not significantly affect the development of cerebral organoids, but chronic high-concentration (2 R,6 R)-HNK exposure at day 16 inhibited the expansion of organoids by suppressing the proliferation and augmentation of neural precursor cells (NPCs). Notably, the division mode of apical radial glia was unexpectedly switched from vertical to horizontal division planes following chronic (2 R,6 R)-HNK exposure in cerebral organoids. Chronic (2 R,6 R)-HNK exposure at day 44 mainly inhibited the differentiation but not the proliferation of NPCs. Overall, our findings indicate that (2 R,6 R)-HNK administration leads to the abnormal development of cortical organoids, which may be mediated by inhibiting HDAC2. Future clinical studies are needed to explore the neurotoxic effects of (2 R,6 R)-HNK on the early development of the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhulin Du
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China, Chongqing 401331, China; Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Zhenle Zang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Tianyao Liu
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Yun Cai
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Liuyongwei Wang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Jinghui Zhao
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Junwei Gao
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Keyi Lv
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40037, China
| | - Hong Gong
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China.
| | - Xiaotang Fan
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China.
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23
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Kilpatrick S, Irwin C, Singh KK. Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC) and organoid models of autism: opportunities and limitations. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:217. [PMID: 37344450 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02510-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder caused by genetic or environmental perturbations during early development. Diagnoses are dependent on the identification of behavioral abnormalities that likely emerge well after the disorder is established, leaving critical developmental windows uncharacterized. This is further complicated by the incredible clinical and genetic heterogeneity of the disorder that is not captured in most mammalian models. In recent years, advancements in stem cell technology have created the opportunity to model ASD in a human context through the use of pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), which can be used to generate 2D cellular models as well as 3D unguided- and region-specific neural organoids. These models produce profoundly intricate systems, capable of modeling the developing brain spatiotemporally to reproduce key developmental milestones throughout early development. When complemented with multi-omics, genome editing, and electrophysiology analysis, they can be used as a powerful tool to profile the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this complex disorder. In this review, we will explore the recent advancements in hPSC-based modeling, discuss present and future applications of the model to ASD research, and finally consider the limitations and future directions within the field to make this system more robust and broadly applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah Kilpatrick
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Courtney Irwin
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karun K Singh
- Donald K. Johnson Eye Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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24
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Yang S, Hu H, Kung H, Zou R, Dai Y, Hu Y, Wang T, Lv T, Yu J, Li F. Organoids: The current status and biomedical applications. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e274. [PMID: 37215622 PMCID: PMC10192887 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) miniaturized versions of organs or tissues that are derived from cells with stem potential and can self-organize and differentiate into 3D cell masses, recapitulating the morphology and functions of their in vivo counterparts. Organoid culture is an emerging 3D culture technology, and organoids derived from various organs and tissues, such as the brain, lung, heart, liver, and kidney, have been generated. Compared with traditional bidimensional culture, organoid culture systems have the unique advantage of conserving parental gene expression and mutation characteristics, as well as long-term maintenance of the function and biological characteristics of the parental cells in vitro. All these features of organoids open up new opportunities for drug discovery, large-scale drug screening, and precision medicine. Another major application of organoids is disease modeling, and especially various hereditary diseases that are difficult to model in vitro have been modeled with organoids by combining genome editing technologies. Herein, we introduce the development and current advances in the organoid technology field. We focus on the applications of organoids in basic biology and clinical research, and also highlight their limitations and future perspectives. We hope that this review can provide a valuable reference for the developments and applications of organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Yang
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Haijie Hu
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Hengchung Kung
- Krieger School of Arts and SciencesJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Ruiqi Zou
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Yushi Dai
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Yafei Hu
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Tiantian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine in Sichuan ProvinceWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Tianrun Lv
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
| | - Jun Yu
- Departments of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Departments of OncologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Fuyu Li
- Division of Biliary Tract SurgeryDepartment of General SurgeryWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan ProvinceChina
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25
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Yang L, Zou J, Zang Z, Wang L, Du Z, Zhang D, Cai Y, Li M, Li Q, Gao J, Xu H, Fan X. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate exposure impairs cortical development in hESC-derived cerebral organoids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161251. [PMID: 36587670 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a ubiquitous environmental endocrine disruptor, is widely used in consumer products. Increasing evidence implies that DEHP influences the early development of the human brain. However, it lacks a suitable model to evaluate the neurotoxicity of DEHP. Using an established human cerebral organoid model, which reproduces the morphogenesis of the human cerebral cortex at the early stage, we demonstrated that DEHP exposure markedly suppressed cell proliferation and increased apoptosis, thus impairing the morphogenesis of the human cerebral cortex. It showed that DEHP exposure disrupted neurogenesis and neural progenitor migration, confirmed by scratch assay and cell migration assay in vitro. These effects might result from DEHP-induced dysplasia of the radial glia cells (RGs), the fibers of which provide the scaffolds for cell migration. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of human cerebral organoids showed that DEHP-induced disorder in cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions might play a pivotal role in the neurogenesis of human cerebral organoids. The present study provides direct evidence of the neurodevelopmental toxicity of DEHP after prenatal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China; Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiao Zou
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Zhenle Zang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Liuyongwei Wang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Zhulin Du
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Yun Cai
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China
| | - Minghui Li
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Qiyou Li
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Junwei Gao
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China.
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Xiaotang Fan
- Department of Military Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 40038, China.
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Fu X, Li H, Song L, Cen M, Wu J. Association of urinary heavy metals co-exposure and adult depression: Modification of physical activity. Neurotoxicology 2023; 95:117-126. [PMID: 36696920 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the association between urinary heavy metal mixture exposure and depression, and the modifying role of physical activity in the effects of heavy metal mixture on depression risk was also considered. METHODS Data of this study were derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2016. Depression was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire. We first selected 6 (cadmium, cobalt, tin, antimony, thallium, and mercury) from 14 heavy metals through elastic net regression for further analysis. Then binomial logistic regression, generalized additive model, environment risk score (ERS), and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression were adopted to assess the effects of six metals individual and cumulative exposure on depression risk. Finally, we also examined whether physical activity could mitigate the effects of heavy metal co-exposure on depression risk. RESULTS Totally, 4212 participants were included and 7.40% of subjects were with depression. We found urinary tin and antimony were separately associated with increased odds of depression (Sb: OR = 1.285, 95% CI: 1.064-1.553; Sn: OR = 1.281, 95% CI: 1.097-1.495), and a linear dose-response relationship between tin and depression was also noticed (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, urinary heavy metals co-exposure was positively related to depression risk (ERSQ4: OR = 2.691, 95% CI: 1.399-5.174; WQSpositive: OR = 1.465, 95% CI: 1.063-2.021), in which tin, antimony, and cadmium were identified with greater contributions to the overall mixture effect. In both ERS and WQS models, the significant positive association between the metal mixture and depression risk remained only in those who were inactive in physical activity. CONCLUSION Our study concluded the detrimental effect of heavy metals in combined exposure on the risk of depression, which might be attenuated by physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiru Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Song
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Manqiu Cen
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 13, Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, People's Republic of China.
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Li M, Gao L, Zhao L, Zou T, Xu H. Toward the next generation of vascularized human neural organoids. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:31-54. [PMID: 35993813 DOI: 10.1002/med.21922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to progress in the development of three-dimensional (3D) culture technologies, human central nervous system (CNS) development and diseases have been gradually deciphered by using organoids derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) or human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Selforganized neural organoids (NOs) have been used to mimic morphogenesis and functions of specific organs in vitro. Many NOs have been reproduced in vitro, such as those mimicking the human brain, retina, and spinal cord. However, NOs fail to capitulate to the maturation and complexity of in vivo neural tissues. The persistent issues with current NO cultivation protocols are inadequate oxygen supply and nutrient diffusion due to the absence of vascular networks. In vivo, the developing CNS is interpenetrated by vasculature that not only supplies oxygen and nutrients but also provides a structural template for neuronal growth. To address these deficiencies, recent studies have begun to couple NO culture with bioengineering techniques and methodologies, including genetic engineering, coculture, multidifferentiation, microfluidics and 3D bioprinting, and transplantation, which might promote NO maturation and create more functional NOs. These cutting-edge methods could generate an ever more reliable NO model in vitro for deciphering the codes of human CNS development, disease progression, and translational application. In this review, we will summarize recent technological advances in culture strategies to generate vascularized NOs (vNOs), with a special focus on cerebral- and retinal-organoid models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Li
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixiong Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zou
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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Xu W, Hu Z, Tang Y, Zhang J, Xu S, Niu Q. Excessive Lysosomal Stress Response and Consequently Impaired Autophagy Contribute to Fluoride-Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022:10.1007/s12011-022-03511-0. [PMID: 36464725 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03511-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluoride can cause developmental neurotoxicity; however, the precise mechanism has yet to be determined. We aimed to explore the possible role and mechanism of fluoride-induced developmental neurotoxicity, specifically the significance of the lysosomal stress response. As an in vivo model, Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to sodium fluoride (NaF) from embryo to 2 months of age. We found that NaF caused autophagic flux blockage and apoptosis in the rat hippocampus. These results were validated in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells in vitro. In addition, in SH-SY5Y cells, NaF hindered autophagosome-lysosome fusion, decreased lysosomal degradation, and elevated lysosomal pH, which is the most prominent hallmark of a lysosomal stress response. Interestingly, rapamycin promoted autophagosome-lysosome fusion, effectively restoring autophagic flux and reducing apoptosis. Notably, bafilomycin A1, a lysosomal lumen alkalizer, unsurprisingly exacerbated the NaF-induced increase in lysosomal pH and decreased lysosomal degradability, as well as enhanced apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that NaF exposure initiates excessive lysosomal stress response, resulting in elevated lysosomal pH, decreased lysosomal degradation, and blocked autophagic flux, which leads to neuronal apoptosis. Thus, the lysosomal stress response may be a promising target for the prevention and treatment of fluoride-induced developmental neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjing Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), Shihezi, China
| | - Zeyu Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), Shihezi, China
| | - Yanling Tang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), Shihezi, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), Shihezi, China
| | - Shangzhi Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), Shihezi, China.
| | - Qiang Niu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, North 2nd Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), Shihezi, China.
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Liu X, Yang C, Chen P, Zhang L, Cao Y. The uses of transcriptomics and lipidomics indicated that direct contact with graphene oxide altered lipid homeostasis through ER stress in 3D human brain organoids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 849:157815. [PMID: 35931159 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The potential uses of graphene-based nanomaterials (NMs) in various fields lead to the concern about their neurotoxicity, considering that graphene-based NMs are capable to cross blood brain barrier (BBB) and enter central nervous system (CNS). Although previous studies reported the possibility of graphene-based NM exposure to alter lipid homeostasis in animals or cultured neurons, recent studies suggested the need to use 3D human brain organoids for mechanism-based toxicological studies as this model might better recapitulate the complex human brains. Herein, we used multi-omics techniques to investigate the mechanisms of graphene oxide (GO) on lipid homeostasis in a novel 3D brain organoid model. We found that 50 μg/mL GO induced cytotoxicity but not superoxide. RNA-sequencing data showed that 50 μg/mL GO significantly up-regulated and down-regulated 80 and 121 genes, respectively. Furthermore, we found that GO exposure altered biological molecule metabolism pathways including lipid metabolism. Consistently, lipidomics data supported dose-dependent alteration of lipid profiles by GO in 3D brain organoids. Interestingly, co-exposure to GO and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) decreased most of the lipid classes compared with the exposure of GO only. We further verified that exposure to GO promoted ER stress marker GRP78 proteins, which in turn activated IRE1α/XBP-1 axis, and these changes were partially or completely inhibited by 4-PBA. These results proved that direct contact with GO disrupted lipid homeostasis through the activation of ER stress. As 3D brain organoids resemble human brains, these data might be better extrapolated to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Liu
- Department of Food science and Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai 564507, China
| | - Chao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Institute of Innovation and Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province 316022, China
| | - P Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada; Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Yi Cao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
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Caiaffa CD, Fonteles CSR, Yunping L, Finnell RH. Gene-environment interactions underlying the etiology of neural tube defects. Curr Top Dev Biol 2022; 152:193-220. [PMID: 36707212 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) consist of severe structural malformations of the brain and spinal cord and are the second most common structural birth defect in humans, accounting for approximately 2700 affected pregnancies every year in the United States. These numbers are highly significant, considering that birth defects remain a leading cause of infant mortality in the United States, affecting approximately 120,000 babies born annually. Survivors of these congenital malformations face long-term disability and lifelong challenges imposed by severe physical burdens compromising the afflicted individual's overall quality of life. Clearly, birth defects, and especially NTDs remain a global public health challenge, and the source of significant financial repercussions for healthcare systems worldwide. In order to better understand the role gene-environment interactions play in the etiology of NTDs, this chapter provides an overview of NTD phenotypes and their embryonic origins, discusses the genetic landscape of NTDs as it is currently understood, with a focus on experimental models that best illustrate how environmental factors modulate individual susceptibility to these birth defects. As folic acid interventions have proven to be effective in reducing the prevalence of NTDs, the chapter ends with a discussion on the impact that maternal dietary status has on NTD prevalence from a population perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Donato Caiaffa
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Cristiane Sá Roriz Fonteles
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Lei Yunping
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Richard H Finnell
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Departments of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Molecular and Human Genetics, and Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
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31
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Huang Y, Guo L, Cao C, Ma R, Huang Y, Zhong K, Gao H, Huang Y, Bu Q. Silver nanoparticles exposure induces developmental neurotoxicity in hiPSC-derived cerebral organoids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157047. [PMID: 35780879 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used in various research fields. Although the neurotoxicity of AgNPs has been explored in animal models and 2D cell-culture models, including human stem cells, these models cannot accurately mimic the development of the human brain. Therefore, the potential mechanisms of AgNPs-induced developmental neurotoxicity in humans are still largely unclear. In this study, cerebral organoids derived from induced pluripotent stem cells were treated with 0.1 μg/mL or 0.5 μg/mL AgNPs for 7 days. At the low concentration (0.1 μg/mL), AgNPs increased the cell proliferation and inhibited the neural apoptosis in the organoids, but impaired the cilium assembly and elongation, which may perturb the cell cycle and induce abnormal cerebral-organoid growth. Conversely, at the high concentration (0.5 μg/mL), AgNPs significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in cerebral organoids. High-concentration AgNPs reduced the expression and co-localization of the cytoskeleton proteins F-actin, myosin, and tubulin, thereby perturbing neurite growth. In conclusion, AgNPs exposure induces developmental neurotoxic effects in cerebral organoids and is thus a potential congenital risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lulu Guo
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chulin Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomass and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yuting Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomass and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Kai Zhong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomass and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomass and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yina Huang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Bu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Mechanisms of Cd-induced Cytotoxicity in Normal Human Skin Keratinocytes: Implication for Human Health. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911767. [PMID: 36233064 PMCID: PMC9570009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the toxic heavy metals found widely in the environment. Skin is an important target organ of Cd exposure. However, the adverse effects of Cd on human skin are still not well known. In this study, normal human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) were studied for changes in cell viability, morphology, DNA damage, cycle, apoptosis, and the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes (XBP-1, BiP, ATF-4, and CHOP) after exposure to Cd for 24 h. We found that Cd decreased cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, with a median lethal concentration (LC50) of 11 µM. DNA damage induction was evidenced by upregulation of the level of γ-H2AX. Furthermore, Cd induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner and upregulated the mRNA levels of ER stress biomarker genes (XBP-1, BiP, ATF4, and CHOP). Taken together, our results showed that Cd induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in HaCaT cells, eventually resulting in cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and apoptosis. In addition, ER stress may be involved in Cd-induced HaCaT apoptosis. Our data imply the importance of reducing Cd pollution in the environment to reduce its adverse impacts on human skin.
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Chen Z, Lu Q, Wang J, Cao X, Wang K, Wang Y, Wu Y, Yang Z. The function of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in response to cadmium exposure. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1023999. [PMID: 36248838 PMCID: PMC9558127 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1023999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout history, pollution has become a part of our daily life with the improvement of life quality and the advancement of industry and heavy industry. In recent years, the adverse effects of heavy metals, such as cadmium (Cd), on human health have been widely discussed, particularly on the immune system. Here, this review summarizes the available evidence on how Cd exposure may affect health. By analyzing the general manifestations of inflammation caused by Cd exposure, we find that the role of omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in vivo can counteract Cd-induced harm. Additionally, we elucidate the effects of n-3 PUFAs on the immune system, and analyze their prophylactic and therapeutic effects on Cd exposure. Overall, this review highlights the role of n-3 PUFAs in the pathological changes induced by Cd exposure. Although n-3 PUFAs remain to be verified whether they can be used as therapeutic agents, as rehabilitation therapy, supplementation with n-3 PUFAs is reliable and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qinyue Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiacheng Wang
- College of Medical, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanni Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhangping Yang,
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Cao Y. The uses of 3D human brain organoids for neurotoxicity evaluations: A review. Neurotoxicology 2022; 91:84-93. [PMID: 35561940 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neurotoxicity studies aim at understanding the toxic effects and mechanisms of toxicants to human central nervous systems (CNS). However, human brains are the most complex organs, whereas the most commonly used models, such as 2D cell cultures and animal brains, are probably too simple to predict the responses of human brains. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-based 3D human brain organoids hold unprecedented promise for the understanding of neurodevelopment and brain disease development. This review summarizes recent advances of using 3D human brain organoids for neurotoxicity studies. Comparative studies showed that 3D human brain organoids could support the findings obtained by animal or cohort studies, indicating that 3D human brain organoids are reliable models to evaluate the developmental neurotoxicity. 3D human brain organoids have been used to understand the toxicological mechanisms by using both conventional toxicological methods to investigate the signaling pathway changes as well as single cell RNA-sequencing to understand the neuron diversity. Some studies also used brain organoids carrying gene mutations or with virus infections to understand the toxicological responses of brains under diseased conditions. Although there are still limitations associated, 3D human brain organoids are promising tools for future neurotoxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China.
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Li M, Gong J, Gao L, Zou T, Kang J, Xu H. Advanced human developmental toxicity and teratogenicity assessment using human organoid models. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 235:113429. [PMID: 35325609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous progress has been made in the field of toxicology leading to the advance of developmental toxicity assessment. Conventional animal models and in vitro two-dimensional models cannot accurately describe toxic effects and predict actual in vivo responses due to obvious inter-species differences between humans and animals, as well as the lack of a physiologically relevant tissue microenvironment. Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)- and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived three-dimensional organoids are ideal complex and multicellular organotypic models, which are indispensable in recapitulating morphogenesis, cellular interactions, and molecular processes of early human organ development. Recently, human organoids have been used for drug discovery, chemical toxicity and safety in vitro assessment. This review discusses the recent advances in the use of human organoid models, (i.e., brain, retinal, cardiac, liver, kidney, lung, and intestinal organoid models) for developmental toxicity and teratogenicity assessment of distinct tissues/organs following exposure to pharmaceutical compounds, heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, nanomaterials, and ambient air pollutants. Combining next-generation organoid models with innovative engineering technologies generates novel and powerful tools for developmental toxicity and teratogenicity assessment, and the rapid progress in this field is expected to continue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Li
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Lixiong Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ting Zou
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiahui Kang
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China.
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Attaallah R, Amine A. Highly selective and sensitive detection of cadmium ions by horseradish peroxidase enzyme inhibition using a colorimetric microplate reader and smartphone paper-based analytical device. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Xu Z, Dai S, Wang Y, Chen Y, Cheng YH, Peng S. Magnetic relaxation switching assay based on three-dimensional assembly of Fe 3O 4@ZIF-8 for detection of cadmium ions. RSC Adv 2022; 12:25041-25047. [PMID: 36199884 PMCID: PMC9437709 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03926e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The design and construction of a novel magnetic resonance switch (MRS) sensor for cadmium ion (Cd2+) detection is described. Fe3O4@ZIF-8 was synthesized through seed-mediated growth of dimercaptosuccinic acid-coated Fe3O4. Fe3O4@ZIF-8 with high relaxation value (163.086 mM−1 s−1) and large negative zeta potential (−20.69 mV) exhibited good magnetic relaxation performance and water solubility. The successfully synthesized Fe3O4@ZIF-8 was used to develop an immune recognition-based MOFs-MRS sensor for highly sensitive detection of Cd2+. The proposed MRS detected a wide linear range of Cd2+ concentration from 2 to 200 ng mL−1 with a low limit of detection of 0.65 ng mL−1 (S/N = 3), and displayed high selectivity towards matrix interference. The robust sensing system was effective even in a complex sample matrix, enabling the quantitative analysis of Cd2+ content in rice samples and drinking water samples with good reliability. Recoveries of Cd2+ ranged from 91.50 to 112.05% for spiked drinking water and from 95.86 to 110.45% for spiked rice samples. The versatility of Fe3O4@ZIF-8 with customized relaxation responses could allow the adaptation of magnetic resonance platforms for food safety purposes. A sensitive immune recognition-based MOF-MRS sensor for the detection of Cd2+.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - ShiQin Dai
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - YiXuan Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - YanQiu Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Hui Cheng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, Shandong, 250353, China
| | - Shuang Peng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
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Bhattacharya A, Choi WWY, Muffat J, Li Y. Modeling Developmental Brain Diseases Using Human Pluripotent Stem Cells-Derived Brain Organoids - Progress and Perspective. J Mol Biol 2021; 434:167386. [PMID: 34883115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Developmental brain diseases encompass a group of conditions resulting from genetic or environmental perturbations during early development. Despite the increased research attention in recent years following recognition of the prevalence of these diseases, there is still a significant lack of knowledge of their etiology and treatment options. The genetic and clinical heterogeneity of these diseases, in addition to the limitations of experimental animal models, contribute to this difficulty. In this regard, the advent of brain organoid technology has provided a new means to study the cause and progression of developmental brain diseases in vitro. Derived from human pluripotent stem cells, brain organoids have been shown to recapitulate key developmental milestones of the early human brain. Combined with technological advancements in genome editing, tissue engineering, electrophysiology, and multi-omics analysis, brain organoids have expanded the frontiers of human neurobiology, providing valuable insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of normal and pathological brain development. This review will summarize the current progress of applying brain organoids to model human developmental brain diseases and discuss the challenges that need to be overcome to further advance their utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrin Bhattacharya
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; The University of Toronto, Department of Molecular Genetics, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Wendy W Y Choi
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; The University of Toronto, Department of Molecular Genetics, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Julien Muffat
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; The University of Toronto, Department of Molecular Genetics, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Yun Li
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; The University of Toronto, Department of Molecular Genetics, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Liu L, Wang J, Zhang J, Huang C, Yang Z, Cao Y. The cytotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles to 3D brain organoids results from excessive intracellular zinc ions and defective autophagy. Cell Biol Toxicol 2021; 39:259-275. [PMID: 34766255 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although the neurotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) has been evaluated in animal and nerve cell culture models, these models cannot accurately mimic human brains. Three-dimensional (3D) brain organoids based on human-induced pluripotent stem cells have been developed to study the human brains, but this model has rarely been used to evaluate NP neurotoxicity. We used 3D brain organoids that express cortical layer proteins to investigate the mechanisms of ZnO NP-induced neurotoxicity. Cytotoxicity caused by high levels of ZnO NPs (64 μg/mL) correlated with high intracellular Zn ion levels but not superoxide levels. Exposure to a non-cytotoxic concentration of ZnO NPs (16 μg/mL) increased the autophagy-marker proteins LC3B-II/I but decreased p62 accumulation, whereas a cytotoxic concentration of ZnO NPs (64 μg/mL) decreased LC3B-II/I proteins but did not affect p62 accumulation. Fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography revealed that 64 μg/mL ZnO NPs led to decreases in LC3B proteins that were more obvious at the outer layers of the organoids, which were directly exposed to the ZnO NPs. In addition to reducing LC3B proteins in the outer layers, ZnO NPs increased the number of micronuclei in the outer layers but not the inner layers (where LC3B proteins were still expressed). Adding the autophagy flux inhibitor bafilomycin A1 to ZnO NPs increased cytotoxicity and intracellular Zn ion levels, but adding the autophagy inducer rapamycin only slightly decreased cellular Zn ion levels. We conclude that high concentrations of ZnO NPs are cytotoxic to 3D brain organoids via defective autophagy and intracellular accumulation of Zn ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Liu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, People's Republic of China
| | - Junkang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaobo Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University (NFU), Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Zhaogang Yang
- Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Yi Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry Education, Laboratory of Biochemistry, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, 411105, People's Republic of China. .,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
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