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Klu D, Gyapong M, Agordoh PD, Azagba C, Acquah E, Doegah P, Ofosu A, Ansah EK. Adolescent perception of sexual and reproductive health rights and access to reproductive health information and services in Adaklu district of the Volta Region, Ghana. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1456. [PMID: 38129807 PMCID: PMC10740242 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10447-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the key targets of Ghana's Adolescent Health Service Policy and Strategy is to ensure that 90% of adolescents and young people have knowledge of sexual and reproductive health services and rights. This phenomenon has led to the establishment of adolescent-friendly health facilities to increase access to health information and services among adolescents. Despite these efforts, access to health information and service utilisation remains low among adolescents. Our study seeks to examine adolescents' perception of sexual and reproductive health rights (SRHR) and access to reproductive health information and services in the Adaklu district of the Volta region of Ghana. METHODS A baseline cross-sectional household survey of 221 adolescents aged 10-19 years in 30 randomly selected communities was used. A structured questionnaire was developed and administered to the respondents. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between adolescents' perception of adolescent sexual and reproductive health rights (ASRHR) and access to reproductive health information and services. RESULTS Adolescents' perception of SRHR was poor, and this poor perception may have been reflected in a few proportions (10%) of adolescents accessing SRH information and services. Majority (91.9%) of adolescents do not use sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services in the Adaklu district. Adolescents who attained primary education (aOR = 5.99, CI: 1.16-30.95), those who never had sexual communication with their father (aOR = 8.89, CI: 1.99-39.60) and adolescents who never experienced any form of sexual coercion (aOR = 11.73, CI: 1.61-85.68) had a higher likelihood of not utilising SRH services in Adaklu district. Regarding access to SRH information, adolescents who ever discussed sexual matters with their fathers, those who ever used contraceptives and adolescents who ever experienced sexual coercion had lower odds of accessing information on contraception, sexually transmitted infections, and teenage pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Access to and use of sexual and reproductive information and health services among adolescents in Adaklu district remain very low, which has implications for adolescents' knowledge and perception of their SRHR. Considering the factors predicting this phenomenon, it is recommended that interventions can be tailored to address the unique challenges faced by adolescent in accessing comprehensive SRH support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmond Klu
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana.
| | - Margaret Gyapong
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
| | - Percival Delali Agordoh
- School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
| | - Charles Azagba
- Adaklu District Health Directorate, Ghana Health Service, Adaklu, Volta Region, Ghana
| | - Evelyn Acquah
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
| | - Phidelia Doegah
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
| | - Anthony Ofosu
- Ghana Health Service, Accra, Greater Accra Region, Ghana
| | - Evelyn Korkor Ansah
- Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region, Ghana
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Melillo A, Caporusso E, Giordano GM, Giuliani L, Pezzella P, Perrottelli A, Bucci P, Mucci A, Galderisi S. Correlations between Negative Symptoms and Cognitive Deficits in Individuals at First Psychotic Episode or at High Risk of Psychosis: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7095. [PMID: 38002707 PMCID: PMC10672428 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review aims to identify correlations between negative symptoms (NS) and deficits in neurocognition and social cognition in subjects with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and at-high-risk populations (HR). A systematic search of the literature published between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2022 was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and PsycInfo. Out of the 4599 records identified, a total of 32 studies met our inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data on a total of 3086 FEP and 1732 HR were collected. The available evidence shows that NS correlate with executive functioning and theory of mind deficits in FEP subjects, and with deficits in the processing speed, attention and vigilance, and working memory in HR subjects. Visual learning and memory do not correlate with NS in either FEP or HR subjects. More inconsistent findings were retrieved in relation to other cognitive domains in both samples. The available evidence is limited by sample and methodological heterogeneity across studies and was rated as poor or average quality for the majority of included studies in both FEP and CHR populations. Further research based on shared definitions of first-episode psychosis and at-risk states, as well as on more recent conceptualizations of negative symptoms and cognitive impairment, is highly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giulia Maria Giordano
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Largo Madonna delle Grazie, 80138 Naples, Italy
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Högman L, Gavalova G, Laukka P, Kristiansson M, Källman MV, Fischer H, Johansson AGM. Cognition, prior aggression, and psychopathic traits in relation to impaired multimodal emotion recognition in psychotic spectrum disorders. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1111896. [PMID: 37426085 PMCID: PMC10323411 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1111896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psychopathic traits have been associated with impaired emotion recognition in criminal, clinical and community samples. A recent study however, suggested that cognitive impairment reduced the relationship between psychopathy and emotion recognition. We therefore investigated if reasoning ability and psychomotor speed were impacting emotion recognition in individuals with psychotic spectrum disorders (PSD) with and without a history of aggression, as well as in healthy individuals, more than self-rated psychopathy ratings on the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM). Methods Eighty individuals with PSD (schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, other psychoses, psychotic bipolar disorder) and documented history of aggression (PSD+Agg) were compared with 54 individuals with PSD without prior aggression (PSD-Agg) and with 86 healthy individuals on the Emotion Recognition Assessment in Multiple Modalities (ERAM test). Individuals were psychiatrically stable and in remission from possible substance use disorders. Scaled scores on matrix reasoning, averages of dominant hand psychomotor speed and self-rated TriPM scores were obtained. Results Associations existed between low reasoning ability, low psychomotor speed, patient status and prior aggression with total accuracy on the ERAM test. PSD groups performed worse than the healthy group. Whole group correlations between total and subscale scores of TriPM to ERAM were found, but no associations with TriPM scores within each group or in general linear models when accounting for reasoning ability, psychomotor speed, understanding of emotion words and prior aggression. Conclusion Self-rated psychopathy was not independently linked to emotion recognition in PSD groups when considering prior aggression, patient status, reasoning ability, psychomotor speed and emotion word understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Högman
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gabriela Gavalova
- Aleris Psychiatry, Täby Psychotic Disorders Clinic, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petri Laukka
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marianne Kristiansson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm, Sweden
- Swedish National Board of Forensic Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin V. Källman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hakan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anette G. M. Johansson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm, Sweden
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Tucci AA, Schroeder A, Noël C, Shvetz C, Yee J, Howard AL, Keshavan MS, Guimond S. Social cognition in youth with a first-degree relative with schizophrenia: A systematic scoping review. Psychiatry Res 2023; 323:115173. [PMID: 36989908 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Social-cognitive deficits are present in individuals at familial high-risk (FHR) for schizophrenia and may play a role in the onset of the illness. No literature review has examined the social-cognitive profiles of youth at FHR who are within the peak window of risk for developing schizophrenia, which could provide insight on the endophenotypic role of social cognition. This systematic scoping review (1) summarizes the evidence on social-cognitive deficits in youth at FHR, (2) explores brain correlates, and (3) describes social-cognitive deficits and prodromal symptom associations. We searched PsycInfo and PubMed for studies investigating social cognition in FHR youth aged 35 or younger and included 19 studies (FHR=639; controls=689). Studies report that youth at FHR have difficulty recognizing negative emotions, particularly fear. Youth at FHR also have difficulty performing complex theory of mind tasks. Abnormality in corticolimbic and temporoparietal regions are observed in youth at FHR during social-cognitive tasks, but results are inconsistent. Finally, there is evidence for negative associations between prodromal symptoms and performance on emotion regulation and theory of mind tasks, but the research is scarce. This review highlights the need for studies on youth at FHR using longitudinal designs and extensive social-cognitive, brain imaging and clinical measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A Tucci
- Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandra Schroeder
- Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Chelsea Noël
- Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Cecelia Shvetz
- Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jasmin Yee
- Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea L Howard
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Massachusetts Mental Health Center Division of Public Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Synthia Guimond
- Institute of Mental Health Research, Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, University of Quebec in Outaouais, Gatineau, QC, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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5
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Gupta T, Antezana L, Porter C, Mayanil T, Bylsma LM, Maslar M, Horton LE. Skills program for awareness, connectedness, and empowerment: A conceptual framework of a skills group for individuals with a psychosis-risk syndrome. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1083368. [PMID: 37025348 PMCID: PMC10072161 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1083368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intervention strategies for those diagnosed with psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia can be effective in reducing symptoms and improving quality of life. While strides have been made in developing prevention and intervention strategies earlier on in the disease progression, among those at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis, challenges with heterogeneity can limit symptom and diagnosis specific treatment. Here, we discuss a newly developed therapy skills group called the Skills Program for Awareness, Connectedness, and Empowerment (SPACE) that integrates different types of behavioral skills - standard and radically open dialectical behavioral therapy as well as cognitive behavioral therapy - for CHR youth between the ages of 13-18 years. With the diathesis-stress framework serving as a foundation, the intervention is divided into three stages. These stages target specific signs and symptoms contributing to the progression of CHR symptoms. Stage 1 targets stress (with the goal of developing awareness and reducing distress), stage 2 targets self-disturbances (with a goal of increasing self-connectedness), and stage 3 targets social connectedness (with a goal of improving social domains of functioning). The focus of this article is to introduce the theoretical framework underlying the pilot skills group and discuss ongoing progress. Clinical Trial Registration NCT05398120; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05398120.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Ligia Antezana
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Christian Porter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Tushita Mayanil
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Lauren M. Bylsma
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Michael Maslar
- The Family Institute at Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Leslie E. Horton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Rocca P, Rucci P, Montemagni C, Rossi A, Bertolino A, Aguglia E, Altamura CA, Amore M, Andriola I, Bellomo A, Brasso C, Carpiniello B, Del Favero E, Dell'Osso L, Di Fabio F, Fabrazzo M, Fagiolini A, Giordano GM, Marchesi C, Martinotti G, Monteleone P, Pompili M, Roncone R, Rossi R, Siracusano A, Tenconi E, Vita A, Zeppegno P, Galderisi S, Maj M. Does social cognition change? Evidence after 4 years from the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses. Eur Psychiatry 2023; 66:e10. [PMID: 36628577 PMCID: PMC9970151 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.2356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficits in social cognition (SC) are significantly related to community functioning in schizophrenia (SZ). Few studies investigated longitudinal changes in SC and its impact on recovery. In the present study, we aimed: (a) to estimate the magnitude and clinical significance of SC change in outpatients with stable SZ who were assessed at baseline and after 4 years, (b) to identify predictors of reliable and clinically significant change (RCSC), and (c) to determine whether changes in SC over 4 years predicted patient recovery at follow-up. METHODS The reliable change index was used to estimate the proportion of true change in SC, not attributable to measurement error. Stepwise multiple logistic regression models were used to identify the predictors of RCSC in a SC domain (The Awareness of Social Inference Test [TASIT]) and the effect of change in TASIT on recovery at follow-up. RESULTS In 548 participants, statistically significant improvements were found for the simple and paradoxical sarcasm of TASIT scale, and for the total score of section 2. The reliable change index was 9.8. A cut-off of 45 identified patients showing clinically significant change. Reliable change was achieved by 12.6% and RCSC by 8% of participants. Lower baseline TASIT sect. 2 score predicted reliable improvement on TASIT sect. 2. Improvement in TASIT sect. 2 scores predicted functional recovery, with a 10-point change predicting 40% increase in the probability of recovery. CONCLUSIONS The RCSC index provides a conservative way to assess the improvement in the ability to grasp sarcasm in SZ, and is associated with recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Rocca
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Rucci
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristiana Montemagni
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rossi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Eugenio Aguglia
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Mario Amore
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ileana Andriola
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonello Bellomo
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Claudio Brasso
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Bernardo Carpiniello
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisa Del Favero
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Liliana Dell'Osso
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Fabio
- Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Fabrazzo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Fagiolini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Clinical Department of Mental Health, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Marchesi
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Neuroscience and Imaging, G. D'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Palmiero Monteleone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", Section of Neuroscience, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, S. Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Roncone
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Rossi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Alberto Siracusano
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Tenconi
- Psychiatric Clinic, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Antonio Vita
- Psychiatric Unit, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Department of Mental Health, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zeppegno
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Silvana Galderisi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Maj
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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Frosch IR, Damme KSF, Bernard JA, Mittal VA. Cerebellar correlates of social dysfunction among individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1027470. [PMID: 36532176 PMCID: PMC9752902 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1027470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Social deficits are a significant feature among both individuals with psychosis and those at clinical high-risk (CHR) for developing psychosis. Critically, the psychosis risk syndrome emerges in adolescence and young adulthood, when social skill development is being fine-tuned. Yet, the underlying pathophysiology of social deficits in individuals at CHR for psychosis remains unclear. Literature suggests the cerebellum plays a critical role in social functioning. Cerebellar dysfunction in psychosis and CHR individuals is well-established, yet limited research has examined links between the cerebellum and social functioning deficits in this critical population. Method In the current study, 68 individuals at CHR for developing psychosis and 66 healthy controls (HCs) completed social processing measures (examining social interaction, social cognition, and global social functioning) and resting-state MRI scans. Seed-to-voxel resting-state connectivity analyses were employed to examine the relationship between social deficits and lobular cerebellar network connectivity. Results Analyses indicated that within the CHR group, each social domain variable was linked to reduced connectivity between social cerebellar subregions (e.g., Crus II, lobules VIIIa and VIIIb) and cortical regions (e.g., frontal pole and frontal gyrus), but a control cerebellar subregion (e.g., lobule X) and was unrelated to these social variables. Discussion These results indicate an association between several cerebellar lobules and specific deficits in social processing. The cerebellum, therefore, may be particularly salient to the social domain and future research is need to examine the role of the cerebellum in psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle R. Frosch
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Katherine S. F. Damme
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
| | - Jessica A. Bernard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Texas A&M Institute for Neuroscience, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Vijay A. Mittal
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Disturbances in interpersonal functioning are prevalent in individuals with suicidality. Foundational for interpersonal functioning is theory of mind (ToM), a social-cognitive ability that allows individuals to understand the thoughts and feelings of others. Recent work has begun to investigate ToM performance in individuals with suicidality, though no review has quantitatively aggregated findings from these varied studies. The current study investigated the relations between ToM and suicidality with meta-analysis. METHOD We identified and meta-analyzed 15 studies that presented data for 2,895 participants (617 of whom had reported at least one suicide attempt). RESULTS Results indicated a significant, negative relation between ToM and suicidality with a medium overall effect size (g = -.475). Moderator analyses revealed that this effect was consistent across age, sex, ToM content, and suicidal outcome. CONCLUSION Deficits in ToM associated with suicidality hold promise for risk-identification, treatment, and prevention work.HighlightsTheory of mind (ToM) abilities are critical for effective interpersonal functioning.Meta-analytics results indicate that ToM deficits are associated with suicidality.Identifying such suicidality-related ToM deficits may inform risk-identification, treatment, and prevention work.
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Influence of Pain on Cognitive Dysfunction and Emotion Dysregulation in Chiari Malformation Type I. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1378:155-178. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-99550-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Kong W, Koo SJ, Seo E, Park HY, Lee E, An SK. Empathy and Theory of Mind in Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis: Relations With Schizotypy and Executive Function. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:1109-1116. [PMID: 34710958 PMCID: PMC8600219 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While recent studies have found deficits in theory of mind (ToM) skills in individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis, empathic tendencies in these subjects remain unclear. The presence of high schizotypy and compromised executive functions, which are found in UHR individuals, would affect ToM skills and empathic tendencies. We investigated the ToM skills and empathic tendencies of UHR individuals and examined their relationship with schizotypy and executive function. METHODS This study included 28 UHR individuals and 28 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All participants completed a self-reported empathic scale (Interpersonal Reactivity Index) and the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales. Additionally, the ToM Picture Stories Task and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were conducted. RESULTS UHR individuals showed a trend toward lower self-reported empathic tendencies; however, there were no differences in ToM skills between the two groups. Of the four subscales of the IRI, only empathic concern showed a significant difference between the two groups. Empathic concern was inversely associated with negative schizotypy. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that UHR individuals show relatively preserved cognitive empathy but compromised emotional empathy. Furthermore, in UHR individuals, the empathic concern subscale of the IRI was associated with negative schizotypy, while ToM skills were related to positive schizotypy and executive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanji Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Section of Self, Affect and Neuroscience, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jun Koo
- Section of Self, Affect and Neuroscience, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Graduate Program in Cognitive Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunchong Seo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Section of Self, Affect and Neuroscience, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Yoon Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Section of Self, Affect and Neuroscience, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Section of Self, Affect and Neuroscience, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Kyoon An
- Department of Psychiatry, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Section of Self, Affect and Neuroscience, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Graduate Program in Cognitive Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Social functioning and brain imaging in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis: A systematic review. Schizophr Res 2021; 233:3-12. [PMID: 34126554 PMCID: PMC8380704 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Impairments in social functioning are a core impairment in psychosis and are associated with poor outcomes. These deficits are found in those at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis, and can persist even in the absence of transition. However, the neurobiological underpinnings of social functioning remain unclear, therefore we conducted a systematic review of brain metrics that have been associated with social functioning in youth at CHR for psychosis. Five databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EBM reviews, Embase, and PsycINFO) were searched from inception to May 5, 2020. Studies were selected if they examined brain imaging, and social functioning in youth at CHR for psychosis. Of the 9629 citations found through online database searching, 12 studies with 696 CHR participants met inclusion criteria. Too few studies were focused on the same brain region using the same methodology to perform a meta-analysis, however, loci within the prefrontal cortex were most often associated with social functioning. Few studies have linked social functioning to brain imaging metrics, suggesting that future work should focus on this relationship.
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12
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Koutsouleris N, Dwyer DB, Degenhardt F, Maj C, Urquijo-Castro MF, Sanfelici R, Popovic D, Oeztuerk O, Haas SS, Weiske J, Ruef A, Kambeitz-Ilankovic L, Antonucci LA, Neufang S, Schmidt-Kraepelin C, Ruhrmann S, Penzel N, Kambeitz J, Haidl TK, Rosen M, Chisholm K, Riecher-Rössler A, Egloff L, Schmidt A, Andreou C, Hietala J, Schirmer T, Romer G, Walger P, Franscini M, Traber-Walker N, Schimmelmann BG, Flückiger R, Michel C, Rössler W, Borisov O, Krawitz PM, Heekeren K, Buechler R, Pantelis C, Falkai P, Salokangas RKR, Lencer R, Bertolino A, Borgwardt S, Noethen M, Brambilla P, Wood SJ, Upthegrove R, Schultze-Lutter F, Theodoridou A, Meisenzahl E. Multimodal Machine Learning Workflows for Prediction of Psychosis in Patients With Clinical High-Risk Syndromes and Recent-Onset Depression. JAMA Psychiatry 2021; 78:195-209. [PMID: 33263726 PMCID: PMC7711566 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2020.3604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Diverse models have been developed to predict psychosis in patients with clinical high-risk (CHR) states. Whether prediction can be improved by efficiently combining clinical and biological models and by broadening the risk spectrum to young patients with depressive syndromes remains unclear. OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether psychosis transition can be predicted in patients with CHR or recent-onset depression (ROD) using multimodal machine learning that optimally integrates clinical and neurocognitive data, structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), and polygenic risk scores (PRS) for schizophrenia; to assess models' geographic generalizability; to test and integrate clinicians' predictions; and to maximize clinical utility by building a sequential prognostic system. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This multisite, longitudinal prognostic study performed in 7 academic early recognition services in 5 European countries followed up patients with CHR syndromes or ROD and healthy volunteers. The referred sample of 167 patients with CHR syndromes and 167 with ROD was recruited from February 1, 2014, to May 31, 2017, of whom 26 (23 with CHR syndromes and 3 with ROD) developed psychosis. Patients with 18-month follow-up (n = 246) were used for model training and leave-one-site-out cross-validation. The remaining 88 patients with nontransition served as the validation of model specificity. Three hundred thirty-four healthy volunteers provided a normative sample for prognostic signature evaluation. Three independent Swiss projects contributed a further 45 cases with psychosis transition and 600 with nontransition for the external validation of clinical-neurocognitive, sMRI-based, and combined models. Data were analyzed from January 1, 2019, to March 31, 2020. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Accuracy and generalizability of prognostic systems. RESULTS A total of 668 individuals (334 patients and 334 controls) were included in the analysis (mean [SD] age, 25.1 [5.8] years; 354 [53.0%] female and 314 [47.0%] male). Clinicians attained a balanced accuracy of 73.2% by effectively ruling out (specificity, 84.9%) but ineffectively ruling in (sensitivity, 61.5%) psychosis transition. In contrast, algorithms showed high sensitivity (76.0%-88.0%) but low specificity (53.5%-66.8%). A cybernetic risk calculator combining all algorithmic and human components predicted psychosis with a balanced accuracy of 85.5% (sensitivity, 84.6%; specificity, 86.4%). In comparison, an optimal prognostic workflow produced a balanced accuracy of 85.9% (sensitivity, 84.6%; specificity, 87.3%) at a much lower diagnostic burden by sequentially integrating clinical-neurocognitive, expert-based, PRS-based, and sMRI-based risk estimates as needed for the given patient. Findings were supported by good external validation results. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that psychosis transition can be predicted in a broader risk spectrum by sequentially integrating algorithms' and clinicians' risk estimates. For clinical translation, the proposed workflow should undergo large-scale international validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Koutsouleris
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany,Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany,Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic B. Dwyer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Franziska Degenhardt
- Institute of Human Genetics, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Carlo Maj
- Institute of Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Rachele Sanfelici
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany,Max-Planck School of Cognition, Leipzig, Germany
| | - David Popovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany,International Max-Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Oemer Oeztuerk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany,International Max-Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Shalaila S. Haas
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Johanna Weiske
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Ruef
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Lana Kambeitz-Ilankovic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Linda A. Antonucci
- Department of Education, Psychology, and Communication, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Susanne Neufang
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Stephan Ruhrmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nora Penzel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joseph Kambeitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Theresa K. Haidl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marlene Rosen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katharine Chisholm
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Anita Riecher-Rössler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Egloff
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - André Schmidt
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christina Andreou
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jarmo Hietala
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Timo Schirmer
- GE Healthcare GmbH (previously GE Global Research GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Georg Romer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Petra Walger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, LVR Clinic Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Maurizia Franscini
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nina Traber-Walker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Benno G. Schimmelmann
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rahel Flückiger
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Michel
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wulf Rössler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oleg Borisov
- Institute of Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter M. Krawitz
- Institute of Genomic Statistics and Bioinformatics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karsten Heekeren
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy I, LVR Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman Buechler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany,Max-Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Rebekka Lencer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Münster, Münster, Germany,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefan Borgwardt
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Basel, Switzerland,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Markus Noethen
- Institute of Human Genetics, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stephen J. Wood
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia,Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence for Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Rachel Upthegrove
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany,Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Psychology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Anastasia Theodoridou
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eva Meisenzahl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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13
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Devoe DJ, Lu L, Cannon TD, Cadenhead KS, Cornblatt BA, McGlashan TH, Perkins DO, Seidman LJ, Tsuang MT, Woods SW, Walker EF, Mathalon DH, Bearden CE, Addington J. Persistent negative symptoms in youth at clinical high risk for psychosis: A longitudinal study. Schizophr Res 2021; 227:28-37. [PMID: 32362460 PMCID: PMC7606256 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severity of negative symptoms has been associated with poor functioning, cognitive deficits, and defeatist beliefs in schizophrenia patients. However, one area that remains understudied is persistent negative symptoms (PNS). Negative symptoms, including PNS, have been observed in those at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis. The aim of this study was to determine if PNS were associated with functioning, neurocognition, and defeatist beliefs in a CHR sample. METHOD CHR participants (n = 764) were recruited for the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study. Negative symptoms were rated on the Scale of Psychosis-risk Symptoms. Generalized linear mixed models for repeated measures were used to examine changes over time between and within groups (PNS vs non-PNS). RESULTS The PNS group (n = 67) had significant deficits in functioning at baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24-months compared to the non-PNS group (n = 673). Functioning improved over time in the non-PNS group, while functioning in the PNS group remained relatively stable and poor over a two-year period. A consistent trend emerged demonstrating higher defeatist beliefs in the PNS group; however, this result was lost when controlling for persistent depressive symptoms. There were no significant differences between the groups on neurocognition, social cognition, and transition to psychosis. CONCLUSIONS PNS exist in youth at CHR for psychosis, resulting in significant and persistent functional impairment, which remains when controlling for persistent depressive symptoms. PNS remain even in CHR youth who do not transition to psychosis. Thus, PNS may represent an unmet therapeutic need in CHR populations for which there are currently no effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Devoe
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - L Lu
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - T D Cannon
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - K S Cadenhead
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - B A Cornblatt
- Department of Psychiatry, Zucker Hillside Hospital, Queens, NY, United States
| | - T H McGlashan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - D O Perkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - L J Seidman
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - M T Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States; Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - S W Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - E F Walker
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - D H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States; Psychiatry Service, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - C E Bearden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - J Addington
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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14
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d’Arma A, Isernia S, Di Tella S, Rovaris M, Valle A, Baglio F, Marchetti A. Social Cognition Training for Enhancing Affective and Cognitive Theory of Mind in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 155:26-58. [DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2020.1818671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia d’Arma
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
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15
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Kitoko GMB, Maurage P, Ma Miezi SM, Gillain B, Kiswanga AP, Constant E. Inter-individual variability of social perception and social knowledge impairments among patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2020; 290:112951. [PMID: 32505926 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in social perception and knowledge and their negative impact on social functioning, have been repeatedly reported among patients with schizophrenia. However, earlier studies have focused on an overall assessment of social perception and social knowledge, without exploring their sub-components nor the interindividual variation of the deficit. This study aims to refine the exploration of this deficit and to assess its interindividual variation. Twenty-nine patients with schizophrenia and 24 healthy controls, matched for age and gender, completed a validated and integrated social perception and knowledge task (i.e. the PerSo test). Patients with schizophrenia had reduced performance in all PerSo subtests, namely contextual fluency, interpretation and social convention. However, these deficits were not correlated with the severity of clinical symptoms, and individual profiles analyses showed a marked heterogeneity among patients on their abilities. Our study confirms the existence of deficits in social perception and knowledge and underlines their considerable heterogeneity. Therefore, it is necessary to test and rehabilitate individually social perception and knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germain Manzekele Bin Kitoko
- Department of Psychiatry, Saint-Luc University Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Université catholique de Louvain, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Psychiatry, University of Kinshasa, Lemba, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 10 Place C. Mercier, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Benoit Gillain
- Department of Psychiatry, Saint Pierre Clinic, B-1348 Ottignies, Belgium
| | - Alain Pierre Kiswanga
- Hôpital Nord AP-HM - Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire chemin des Bourrely, 13015 Marseille, France
| | - Eric Constant
- Clinique Notre-Dame des Anges, 4000 Liège, and Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), Université catholique de Louvain, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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16
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Associations between facial affect recognition and neurocognition in subjects at ultra-high risk for psychosis: A case-control study. Psychiatry Res 2020; 290:112969. [PMID: 32450415 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The nature of facial affect recognition (FAR) deficits in subjects at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis remains unclear. In schizophrenia, associations between FAR impairment and poor neurocognition have been demonstrated meta-analytically, but this potential link is understudied in the UHR population. Our study investigated a cross-sectional sample of UHR subjects (n = 22) and healthy controls (n = 50), with the Degraded Facial Affect Recognition (DFAR) Task and a neurocognitive test battery. Our primary aims were 1. to examine associations between FAR and neurocognition in UHR subjects and 2. to examine if associations differed between cases and controls. The secondary aim was to examine group differences in FAR and neurocognitive performance. In UHR subjects, FAR was significantly associated with working memory, a neurocognitive composite score and intelligence, and at trend level with most other assessed neurocognitive domains, with moderate to large effect sizes. There were no significant associations in controls. Associations between FAR and working memory and the neurocognitive composite score differed significantly between cases and controls. UHR subjects did not differ from controls on DFAR Task performance but showed significant deficits in three of six neurocognitive domains. Results may suggest that FAR is associated with working memory in UHR subjects, possibly reflecting a neurocognitive compensatory mechanism.
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17
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Tang SX, Seelaus KH, Moore TM, Taylor J, Moog C, O'Connor D, Burkholder M, Kohler CG, Grant PM, Eliash D, Calkins ME, Gur RE, Gur RC. Theatre improvisation training to promote social cognition: A novel recovery-oriented intervention for youths at clinical risk for psychosis. Early Interv Psychiatry 2020; 14:163-171. [PMID: 31177635 PMCID: PMC7446755 DOI: 10.1111/eip.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Few interventions address social cognition or functioning in individuals at clinical risk (CR) for psychosis. Theatre Improvisation Training to Promote Social Cognition (TIPS) is a manualized intervention based on drama therapy. We aim to describe TIPS, evaluate feasibility and acceptability, and present a preliminary investigation of outcomes in a quasi-experimental design. METHODS Thirty-six CR participants (15-25 years) were ascertained from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. Twenty-six completed the TIPS protocol: 18 weekly 2-hour group sessions led by a theatre director and actor-assistant. Participants engaged in collaborative acting and improvisation exercises. Baseline and follow-up assessments included the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS), Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes, Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) and Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery (CNB), which includes social cognitive tests. Acceptability was assessed using focus groups. Preliminary outcomes were compared to CR controls who were not enrolled in the study but completed follow-up assessments using the same methods. RESULTS There were no significant differences in baseline demographics, psychosis symptoms, or cognition between those who did and did not complete the protocol. Overall, TIPS was considered feasible and acceptable among CR. Preliminary outcomes suggest that TIPS may be effective in improving positive and negative psychosis-spectrum symptoms and GAF, but not performance on facial emotion processing. CONCLUSIONS TIPS is a promising and acceptable intervention that may improve symptoms and functioning in CR while providing a framework for participants to develop more empowered and confident ways of relating to others. Larger randomized controlled trials investigating TIPS efficacy are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny X Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Lifespan Brain Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevin H Seelaus
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Tyler M Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Lifespan Brain Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jerome Taylor
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Lifespan Brain Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Carol Moog
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David O'Connor
- Theater Arts Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marla Burkholder
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Christian G Kohler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Paul M Grant
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Dvora Eliash
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Monica E Calkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Lifespan Brain Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Lifespan Brain Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,University of Pennsylvania and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Lifespan Brain Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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18
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Schneider M, Myin E, Myin-Germeys I. Is theory of mind a prerequisite for social interactions? A study in psychotic disorder. Psychol Med 2020; 50:754-760. [PMID: 30919788 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719000540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A dominant idea is that impaired capacities for theory of mind (ToM) are the reasons for impairments in social functioning in several conditions, including autism and schizophrenia. In this paper, we present empirical evidence that challenges this influential assumption. METHODS We conducted three studies examining the association between ToM and social functioning in participants diagnosed with a non-affective psychotic disorder and healthy individuals. We used both the experience sampling method, a structured diary technique collecting information in daily-life, and a standardised questionnaire to assess social functioning. Analysed data are part of Wave 1 and Wave 3 of the Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP) study. RESULTS Results were highly consistent across studies and showed no significant association between the two constructs. CONCLUSIONS These findings question the leading assumption that social cognition is a prerequisite for social functioning, but rather suggest that social cognition is possibly a result of basic social interactive capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Schneider
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Psychiatry, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Leuven, Belgium
- Developmental Imaging and Psychopathology Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Erik Myin
- Centre for Philosophical Psychology, Department of Philosophy, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- KU Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Research Group Psychiatry, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Modinos G, Kempton MJ, Tognin S, Calem M, Porffy L, Antoniades M, Mason A, Azis M, Allen P, Nelson B, McGorry P, Pantelis C, Riecher-Rössler A, Borgwardt S, Bressan R, Barrantes-Vidal N, Krebs MO, Nordentoft M, Glenthøj B, Ruhrmann S, Sachs G, Rutten B, van Os J, de Haan L, Velthorst E, van der Gaag M, Valmaggia LR, McGuire P. Association of Adverse Outcomes With Emotion Processing and Its Neural Substrate in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis. JAMA Psychiatry 2020; 77:190-200. [PMID: 31722018 PMCID: PMC6865249 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The development of adverse clinical outcomes in patients with psychosis has been associated with behavioral and neuroanatomical deficits related to emotion processing. However, the association between alterations in brain regions subserving emotion processing and clinical outcomes remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between alterations in emotion processing and regional gray matter volumes in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis, and the association with subsequent clinical outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This naturalistic case-control study with clinical follow-up at 12 months was conducted from July 1, 2010, to August 31, 2016, and collected data from 9 psychosis early detection centers (Amsterdam, Basel, Cologne, Copenhagen, London, Melbourne, Paris, The Hague, and Vienna). Participants (213 individuals at CHR and 52 healthy controls) were enrolled in the European Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI) project. Data were analyzed from October 1, 2018, to April 24, 2019. MAIN MEASURES AND OUTCOMES Emotion recognition was assessed with the Degraded Facial Affect Recognition Task. Three-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired from all participants, and gray matter volume was measured in regions of interest (medial prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, and insula). Clinical outcomes at 12 months were evaluated for transition to psychosis using the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States criteria, and the level of overall functioning was measured through the Global Assessment of Functioning [GAF] scale. RESULTS A total of 213 individuals at CHR (105 women [49.3%]; mean [SD] age, 22.9 [4.7] years) and 52 healthy controls (25 women [48.1%]; mean [SD] age, 23.3 [4.0] years) were included in the study at baseline. At the follow-up within 2 years of baseline, 44 individuals at CHR (20.7%) had developed psychosis and 169 (79.3%) had not. Of the individuals at CHR reinterviewed with the GAF, 39 (30.0%) showed good overall functioning (GAF score, ≥65), whereas 91 (70.0%) had poor overall functioning (GAF score, <65). Within the CHR sample, better anger recognition at baseline was associated with worse functional outcome (odds ratio [OR], 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78-0.99; P = .03). In individuals at CHR with a good functional outcome, positive associations were found between anger recognition and hippocampal volume (ze = 3.91; familywise error [FWE] P = .02) and between fear recognition and medial prefrontal cortex volume (z = 3.60; FWE P = .02), compared with participants with a poor outcome. The onset of psychosis was not associated with baseline emotion recognition performance (neutral OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.79-1.09; P = .37; happy OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.84-1.25; P = .81; fear OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.85-1.13; P = .77; anger OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.89-1.12; P = .96). No difference was observed in the association between performance and regional gray matter volumes in individuals at CHR who developed or did not develop psychosis (FWE P < .05). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, poor functional outcome in individuals at CHR was found to be associated with baseline abnormalities in recognizing negative emotion. This finding has potential implications for the stratification of individuals at CHR and suggests that interventions that target socioemotional processing may improve functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Modinos
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom,Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J. Kempton
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom,National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefania Tognin
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Calem
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lilla Porffy
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mathilde Antoniades
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ava Mason
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matilda Azis
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Allen
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom,Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, London, United Kingdom
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick McGorry
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, University of Copenhagen, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark,Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, University of Copenhagen, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Bressan
- LiNC—Lab Interdisciplinar Neurociências Clínicas, Depto Psiquiatria, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo—UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Neus Barrantes-Vidal
- Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Fundació Sanitària Sant Pere Claver (Spain), Spanish Mental Health Research Network (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marie-Odile Krebs
- University of Paris, GHU-Paris, Sainte-Anne, C’JAAD, Hospitalo-Universitaire Department SHU, Inserm U1266, Institut de Psychiatrie (CNRS 3557), Paris, France
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Center Glostrup, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Center Glostrup, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birte Glenthøj
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, University of Copenhagen, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark,Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, University of Copenhagen, Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephan Ruhrmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gabriele Sachs
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bart Rutten
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jim van Os
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom,University Medical Centre Utrecht Brain Center, Department of Psychiatry, Utrecht University Medical Centre, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Early Psychosis Department, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eva Velthorst
- Early Psychosis Department, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Mark van der Gaag
- Amsterdam Public Mental Health Research Institute, Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychosis Research, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Lucia R. Valmaggia
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philip McGuire
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom,National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom,South London and Maudsley National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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20
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Childhood trauma and cognitive functioning in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. Dev Psychopathol 2020; 33:53-64. [PMID: 31959269 DOI: 10.1017/s095457941900155x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that early trauma may have a negative effect on cognitive functioning in individuals with psychosis, yet the relationship between childhood trauma and cognition among those at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis remains unexplored. Our sample consisted of 626 CHR children and 279 healthy controls who were recruited as part of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study 2. Childhood trauma up to the age of 16 (psychological, physical, and sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and bullying) was assessed by using the Childhood Trauma and Abuse Scale. Multiple domains of cognition were measured at baseline and at the time of psychosis conversion, using standardized assessments. In the CHR group, there was a trend for better performance in individuals who reported a history of multiple types of childhood trauma compared with those with no/one type of trauma (Cohen d = 0.16). A history of multiple trauma types was not associated with greater cognitive change in CHR converters over time. Our findings tentatively suggest there may be different mechanisms that lead to CHR states. Individuals who are at clinical high risk who have experienced multiple types of childhood trauma may have more typically developing premorbid cognitive functioning than those who reported minimal trauma do. Further research is needed to unravel the complexity of factors underlying the development of at-risk states.
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Tikka DL, Singh AR, Tikka SK. Social cognitive endophenotypes in schizophrenia: A study comparing first episode schizophrenia patients and, individuals at clinical- and familial- 'at-risk' for psychosis. Schizophr Res 2020; 215:157-166. [PMID: 31761472 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Impairments in specific domains of social cognition have been suggested as possible endophenotypes for schizophrenia and clinical markers for accurate identification of 'at-risk' (AR) states. Aim of the present study was to find out whether performance on social cognition tasks will distinguish 'clinical at-risk (CAR)' and 'familial at-risk (FAR)' individuals from remitted first episode schizophrenia (FES) patients and healthy controls. Fifty in each of these four groups were included for analysis. Schizophrenia psychopathology in FES group was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Theory of mind (ToM; first and second order (SOT and FOT), and faux pas composite (FPC)), attributional bias (AB) and social perception (SP) were assessed using the Social Cognition Rating Tool in Indian Setting (SOCRATIS). Facial emotion recognition task was used to assess emotional-expression recognition (ER). Significant differences in ToM, SP and ER between the four groups were found, even after controlling for performance on various neurocognitive tasks. ToM and SP were identified to follow an endophenotype pattern. While, both ToM and SP classified FES from healthy with large accuracy rates, SP, specifically, distinguished at-risk from disease groups. None of the social cognitive domains accurately classified familial at-risk from clinical at-risk groups. We conclude that social cognitive measures may be used as reliable endophenotype markers for schizophrenia and its sub-domains may be used for valid identification of AR individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deyashini Lahiri Tikka
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Ranchi Institute of Neuro Psychiatry and Allied Sciences, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Amool Ranjan Singh
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Ranchi Institute of Neuro Psychiatry and Allied Sciences, Kanke, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 834006, India
| | - Sai Krishna Tikka
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Tatibandh, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, 492099, India.
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22
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López-del-Hoyo Y, Panzano MG, Lahera G, Herrera-Mercadal P, Navarro-Gil M, Campos D, Borao L, Morillo H, García-Campayo J. Differences between individuals with schizophrenia or obsessive-compulsive disorder and healthy controls in social cognition and mindfulness skills: A controlled study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225608. [PMID: 31825973 PMCID: PMC6905539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of social cognition (SC) has emerged as a key domain of mental health, supporting the notion that poorer performance in SC tasks is linked to psychopathology, although most studies have primarily addressed only schizophrenia (SZ). Some recent studies have also shown deficits of SC in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients; however, little is known about how individuals with OCD may differ on SC performance from individuals with SZ. Moreover, initial research in this field suggests that mindfulness skills may be related to SC abilities such as theory of mind (ToM), emotion processing and empathy. Given the potential benefits of mindfulness for treating OCD and SZ, further efforts are needed to understand the association between mindfulness and SC in these populations. The main objective of this study was to compare samples of patients with SZ and OCD to healthy controls (HCs) on several social cognition (SC) domains and mindfulness measures. In total, 30 outpatients diagnosed with SZ, 31 outpatients diagnosed with OCD and 30 healthy controls were assessed in emotion recognition (the Eyes Test), ToM (the Hinting Task), attributional style (the Ambiguous Intentions and Hostility Questionnaire), empathy (the Interpersonal Reactivity Index) and dispositional mindfulness (the MAAS and the FFMQ). Both clinical groups showed poorer performance in emotion recognition and ToM than the HCs. The OCD and SZ patients did not significantly differ in impairment in SC, but the OCD group had higher scores in attributional style (intentionality and anger bias). With regard to mindfulness, the results found lower levels of acting with awareness for the HCs than for either clinical group and higher non-reactivity to inner experience for the HCs than for the individuals with OCD; the results also yielded significant correlations between SC and mindfulness. In conclusion, these findings revealed that SC abilities were impaired in the SZ and OCD groups compared to the HC group, suggesting a similar disrupted pattern in both clinical groups. Aspects of dispositional mindfulness were differentially associated with SC, which may suggest their potential role in novel transdiagnostic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda López-del-Hoyo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISAragon), Zaragoza, Spain
- University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, RedIAPP, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Guillermo Lahera
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, IRyCIS CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paola Herrera-Mercadal
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISAragon), Zaragoza, Spain
- University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mayte Navarro-Gil
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISAragon), Zaragoza, Spain
- University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Daniel Campos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISAragon), Zaragoza, Spain
- Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | | | | | - Javier García-Campayo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IISAragon), Zaragoza, Spain
- University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, RedIAPP, Madrid, Spain
- Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
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23
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Cognitive functions associated with developing prefrontal cortex during adolescence and developmental neuropsychiatric disorders. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 131:104322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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24
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Damm SA, Sis JL, Kulkarni AM, Chatterjee M. How Vocal Emotions Produced by Children With Cochlear Implants Are Perceived by Their Hearing Peers. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2019; 62:3728-3740. [PMID: 31589545 PMCID: PMC7201339 DOI: 10.1044/2019_jslhr-s-18-0497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Cochlear implants (CIs) transmit a degraded version of the acoustic input to the listener. This impacts the perception of harmonic pitch, resulting in deficits in the perception of voice features critical to speech prosody. Such deficits may relate to changes in how children with CIs (CCIs) learn to produce vocal emotions. The purpose of this study was to investigate happy and sad emotional speech productions by school-age CCIs, compared to productions by children with normal hearing (NH), postlingually deaf adults with CIs, and adults with NH. Method All individuals recorded the same emotion-neutral sentences in a happy manner and a sad manner. These recordings were then used as stimuli in an emotion recognition task performed by child and adult listeners with NH. Their performance was taken as a measure of how well the 4 groups of talkers communicated the 2 emotions. Results Results showed high variability in the identifiability of emotions produced by CCIs, relative to other groups. Some CCIs produced highly identifiable emotions, while others showed deficits. The postlingually deaf adults with CIs produced highly identifiable emotions and relatively small intersubject variability. Age at implantation was found to be a significant predictor of performance by CCIs. In addition, the NH listeners' age predicted how well they could identify the emotions produced by CCIs. Thus, older NH child listeners were better able to identify the CCIs' intended emotions than younger NH child listeners. In contrast to the deficits in their emotion productions, CCIs produced highly intelligible words in the sentences carrying the emotions. Conclusions These results confirm previous findings showing deficits in CCIs' productions of prosodic cues and indicate that early auditory experience plays an important role in vocal emotion productions by individuals with CIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A. Damm
- Auditory Prostheses and Perception Laboratory, Center for Hearing Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE
| | - Jenni L. Sis
- Auditory Prostheses and Perception Laboratory, Center for Hearing Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE
- Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders, University of Nebraska–Lincoln Barkley Memorial Center
| | - Aditya M. Kulkarni
- Auditory Prostheses and Perception Laboratory, Center for Hearing Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE
| | - Monita Chatterjee
- Auditory Prostheses and Perception Laboratory, Center for Hearing Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE
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25
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Högman L, Kristiansson M, Fischer H, Johansson AGM. Impaired facial emotion perception of briefly presented double masked stimuli in violent offenders with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH-COGNITION 2019; 19:100163. [PMID: 31832343 PMCID: PMC6890976 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2019.100163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Social interactions require decoding of subtle rapidly changing emotional cues in others to facilitate socially appropriate behaviour. It is possible that impairments in the ability to detect and decode these signals may increase the risk for aggression. Therefore, we examined violent offenders with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and compared these with healthy controls on a computerized paradigm of briefly presented double masked faces exhibiting 7 basic emotions. Our hypotheses were that impaired semantic understanding of emotion words and low cognitive ability would yield lowest emotion recognition. SSD exhibited lower accuracy of emotion perception than controls (46.1% compared with 64.5%, p = 0.026), even when considering the unbiased hit rate (22.4% compared with 43%, Z = 2.62, p < 0.01). Raw data showed uncommon but significant misclassifications of fear as sad, disgust as sad, sad as happy and angry as surprise. Once guessing and presentation frequencies were considered, only overall accuracy differed between SSD and healthy controls. There were significant correlations between cognitive ability, antipsychotic dose, speed and emotion accuracy in the SSD group. In conclusion, that there were no specific emotion biases in the SSD group compared to healthy controls, but particular individuals may have greater impairments in facial emotion perception, being influenced by intellectual ability, psychomotor speed and medication dosages, rather than specifically emotion word understanding. This implies that both state and trait factors influence emotion perception in the aggressive SSD group and may reveal one source of potential misunderstanding of social situations which may lead to boundary violations and aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Högman
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Håkan Fischer
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anette GM Johansson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, 113 64 Stockholm, Sweden
- Corresponding author at: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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26
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Tagore A, Schifani C, Rao N, Tseng HH, Zakzanis KK, Rusjan PM, Houle S, Mizrahi R. Prefrontal cortical dopamine release in clinical high risk for psychosis during a cognitive task: a [ 11C]FLB457 positron emission tomography study. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 29:1023-1032. [PMID: 31351843 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests decreased cortical dopamine is a neural correlate of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Evidence of impaired cognitive task-induced cortical dopamine release was demonstrated in patients with psychosis. However, whether cortical dopamine release in response to a cognitive task in clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) is also impaired, is currently unknown. We aimed to test dopamine release in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in antipsychotic-free CHR participants and healthy controls (HC) performing the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST). Two [11C]FLB457 PET scans were conducted for 13 CHR and 15 HC while performing the WCST and the sensorimotor control task (SMCT), respectively. A magnetic resonance image was acquired for anatomical delineation. Percentage change in binding potential (ΔBPND) in ACC and DLPFC in WCST were compared with the SMCT between CHR and HC. Mixed model analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in the cognitive task induced ΔBPND in any ROIs. There were no main effect of group (F(1, 26) = 0.348; p = 0.560) or ROI (F(1, 26) = 1.080; p = 0.308) and no significant Group x ROI interaction (F(1, 26) = 0.049; p = 0.826). Our findings suggest no statistically significant difference between CHR and HC in cognitive task-induced cortical dopamine release. This is the first in vivo study to illustrate that the cortical hypodopaminergic state observed in schizophrenia may not be present in its putative high-risk state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abanti Tagore
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christin Schifani
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Naren Rao
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Huai-Hsuan Tseng
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Konstantine K Zakzanis
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Pablo M Rusjan
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sylvain Houle
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Romina Mizrahi
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Xiao L, Stephen JM, Wilson TW, Calhoun VD, Wang YP. A Manifold Regularized Multi-Task Learning Model for IQ Prediction From Two fMRI Paradigms. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019; 67:796-806. [PMID: 31180835 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2019.2921207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multi-modal brain functional connectivity (FC) data have shown great potential for providing insights into individual variations in behavioral and cognitive traits. The joint learning of multi-modal data can utilize intrinsic association, and thus can boost learning performance. Although several multi-task based learning models have already been proposed by viewing feature learning on each modality as one task, most of them ignore the structural information inherent across the modalities, which may play an important role in extracting discriminative features. METHODS In this paper, we propose a new manifold regularized multi-task learning model by simultaneously considering between-subject and between-modality relationships. Specifically, the l2,1-norm (i.e., group-sparsity) regularizer is enforced to jointly select a few common features across different modalities. A novelly designed manifold regularizer is further imposed as a crucial underpinning to preserve the structural information both within and between modalities. Such designed regularizers will make our model more adaptive to realistic neuroimaging data, which are usually of small sample size but high dimensional features. RESULTS Our model is validated on the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort dataset, where our modalities are regarded as two types of functional MRI (fMRI) data collected under two paradigms. We conduct experimental studies on fMRI-based FC network data in two task conditions for intelligence quotient (IQ) prediction. The results show that our proposed model can not only achieve improved prediction performance, but also yield a set of IQ-relevant biomarkers. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE This paper develops a new multi-task learning model, enabling the discovery of significant biomarkers that may account for a proportion of the variance in human intelligence.
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Foss-Feig JH, Velthorst E, Smith L, Reichenberg A, Addington J, Cadenhead KS, Cornblatt BA, Mathalon DH, McGlashan TH, Perkins DO, Seidman LJ, Stone WS, Keshavan M, Tsuang MT, Walker EF, Woods SW, Cannon TD, Bearden CE. Clinical Profiles and Conversion Rates Among Young Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder Who Present to Clinical High Risk for Psychosis Services. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019; 58:582-588. [PMID: 30797038 PMCID: PMC7781438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The overlap versus independence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia is a topic that has garnered the attention of generations of clinicians and scientists. Although high rates of psychotic symptoms have been identified in individuals with ASD, the nature, prevalence, and prognostic significance of subclinical psychotic experiences in ASD remain poorly understood. METHOD This study sought to compare baseline characteristics, clinical profiles, and conversion outcomes between young individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) who presented with or without a prior ASD diagnosis during the second phase of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS, N = 764). RESULTS Patients with CHR and ASD (CHR/ASD+, n = 26) tended to exhibit greater social and social cognitive difficulties, but expressed relatively levels of core psychosis symptoms similar to those of to patients with CHR but no ASD (CHR/ASD-). Risk for conversion to co-occurring psychosis (18.2% CHR/ASD+ versus 16.8% CHR/ASD-) was equivalent between CHR/ASD+ and CHR/ASD- groups, and the NAPLS2 Psychosis Risk Calculator predicted conversion to psychosis equally well across groups. CONCLUSION These results suggest that baseline psychosis symptoms, predictors of risk for conversion, and ultimate conversion rates are similar in patients with CHR with and without ASD. They further suggest that ASD must not be considered a mutually exclusive diagnosis when such youth present in CHR settings. Future research is needed to better track trajectories in larger cohorts of individuals with CHR and comorbid ASD and to understand whether treatment recommendations effective in the broader CHR population are useful for this particular population as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H Foss-Feig
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
| | - Eva Velthorst
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Lauren Smith
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Abraham Reichenberg
- Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | - Daniel H Mathalon
- University of California, San Francisco, CA; VA San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Scott W Woods
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT
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Campos D, Modrego-Alarcón M, López-del-Hoyo Y, González-Panzano M, Van Gordon W, Shonin E, Navarro-Gil M, García-Campayo J. Exploring the Role of Meditation and Dispositional Mindfulness on Social Cognition Domains: A Controlled Study. Front Psychol 2019; 10:809. [PMID: 31031678 PMCID: PMC6470267 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Research suggests that mindfulness can induce changes in the social domain, such as enhancing emotional connection to others, prosocial behavior, and empathy. However, despite growing interest in mindfulness in social psychology, very little is known about the effects of mindfulness on social cognition. Consequently, the aim of this study was to explore the relationship between mindfulness and social cognition by comparing meditators with non-meditators on several social cognition measures. A total of 60 participants (meditators, n = 30; non-meditators, n = 30) were matched on sex, age, and ethnic group, and then asked to complete the following assessment measures: Mindful Awareness Attention Scale (MAAS), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire Short Form (FFMQ-SF), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), Revised Eyes Test, Hinting Task, Ambiguous Intentions and Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Screening for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP). The results showed that meditators reported higher empathy (except for the personal distress subscale), higher emotional recognition, higher theory of mind (ToM), and lower hostile attributional style/bias. The findings also demonstrated that dispositional mindfulness (both total score assessed with MAAS and mindfulness facets using the FFMQ) was associated with social cognition, although it was not equally correlated with all social cognition outcomes, and correlation patterns differ when analyses were conducted separately for meditators and non-meditators. In addition, results showed potential predictors for each social cognition variable, highlighting non-reactivity to inner experience as a key component of mindfulness in order to explain social cognition performance. In summary, the findings indicated that the meditator sample performed better on certain qualities (i.e., empathy, emotional recognition, ToM, hostile attributional style/bias) in comparison to non-meditators and, furthermore, support the notion that mindfulness is related to social cognition, which may have implications for the design of mindfulness-based approaches for use in clinical and non-clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Campos
- Laboratorio de Psicología y Tecnología, Department of Basic Psychology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de La Plana, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marta Modrego-Alarcón
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda López-del-Hoyo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - William Van Gordon
- Human Sciences Research Centre, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Edo Shonin
- Awake to Wisdom Centre for Meditation and Mindfulness Research, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Mayte Navarro-Gil
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Javier García-Campayo
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón, IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Psychiatry and Dermatology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network, Madrid, Spain
- University Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
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Longitudinal changes in social cognition in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: An outcome based analysis. Schizophr Res 2019; 204:334-336. [PMID: 30181061 PMCID: PMC6395507 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Social cognition deficits have been observed in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. Longitudinal change in social cognition were analyzed in CHR individuals from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS2) based on outcome at 24 months. Individuals (n = 359) were classified into remission, symptomatic, prodromal progression and transition to psychosis (CHR-T) groups. Social cognition was assessed using theory of mind, emotion perception, and social perception tasks. There were no differences at baseline or 24 months between the groups on social cognition. Non-transition groups improved significantly over time on social cognition, but CHR-T did not show this effect.
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Varga E, Herold R, Tényi T, Endre S, Fekete J, Bugya T. Social Cognition Analyzer Application-A New Method for the Analysis of Social Cognition in Patients Diagnosed With Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:912. [PMID: 31920759 PMCID: PMC6934064 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Because of the importance of the assessment of social cognitive impairments in schizophrenia in clinical settings, a new computer application called SCAN (Social Cognition Analyzer applicatioN) was developed. Our first aim was to examine if patients diagnosed with schizophrenia could be differentiated from healthy individuals based on the results of SCAN, taking into consideration both response rates and response times. Our second aim was to create Scanalizer, as part of SCAN, to produce social cognitive profiles of individual patients. Materials and Methods: 86 patients (SG) and 101 healthy participants (CG) were examined with SCAN. The domains were: ToM, irony, metaphor, emotion perception from prosody and social perception. SCAN displayed the tasks, recorded the answers and the response times. For the differentiation of the two groups a two-dimensional scatter plot was used. For the graphical presentation of the social cognitive profile of patients, the calculation of the distributions of CG's results was made with Kolmogorov-Smirnov Goodness-of-fit Test and with the sum of squared residuals (SSR). Results: We found that the SG's response rates were significantly lower and the SG's response times were significantly slower compared to the CG in every condition. With the two-dimensional comparison of the summary response rates and the summary response times of the participants, the SG could be differentiated from the CG and this differentiation worked irrespective of age and education. For the graphical representation of social cognitive functions of patients, distributions of the results of the CG were calculated. We found normal distributions in the response times of all conditions and in the response rates of the ToM condition. In the low-end tail of the irony condition, and in the metaphor, social perception and emotional prosody conditions, power-law distributions were found. We also found that the summary response rates of the lowest performing 10% of the CG was in the same range as the summary response rates of all examined patients. Discussion: Scanalizer enables clinicians to measure and analyse social cognitive profiles of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Moreover, SCAN could also be used to detect social cognitive disabilities of vulnerable individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Varga
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Róbert Herold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tényi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Endre
- Department of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Judit Fekete
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Titusz Bugya
- Department of Cartography and Geoinformatics, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,CityScience Lab, Hafencity University, Hamburg, Germany
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Kimoto S, Makinodan M, Kishimoto T. Neurobiology and treatment of social cognition in schizophrenia: Bridging the bed-bench gap. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 131:104315. [PMID: 30391541 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Social cognition refers to the psychological processes involved in the perception, encoding, storage, retrieval, and regulation of information about others and ourselves. This process is essential for survival and reproduction in complex social environments. Recent evidence suggests that impairments in social cognition frequently occur in schizophrenia, mainly contributing to poor functional outcomes, including the inability to engage in meaningful work and maintain satisfying interpersonal relationships. With the ambiguous definition of social cognition, the neurobiology underlying impaired social cognition remains unknown, and the effectiveness of currently available intervention strategies in schizophrenia remain limited. Considering the advances and challenges of translational research for schizophrenia, social cognition has been considered a high-priority domain for treatment development. Here, we describe the current state of the framework, clinical concerns, and intervention approaches for social cognition in schizophrenia. Next, we introduce translatable rodent models associated with schizophrenia that allow the evaluation of different components of social behaviors, providing deeper insights into the neural substrates of social cognition in schizophrenia. Our review presents a valuable perspective that indicates the necessity of building bridges between basic and clinical science researchers for the development of novel therapeutic approaches in impaired social cognition in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohei Kimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan.
| | - Manabu Makinodan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Kishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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Davidson CA, Piskulic D, Addington J, Cadenhead KS, Cannon TD, Cornblatt BA, McGlashan TH, Perkins DO, Seidman LJ, Tsuang MT, Walker EF, Bearden CE, Mathalon DH, Woods SW, Johannesen JK. Age-related trajectories of social cognition in youth at clinical high risk for psychosis: An exploratory study. Schizophr Res 2018; 201:130-136. [PMID: 29751984 PMCID: PMC8130825 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical high risk (CHR) status is characterized by impairments in social cognition, but questions remain concerning their stability over development. In cross-sectional analysis of a large naturalistic sample, the current study examined whether those at CHR status show deviant trajectories for age-related change in social cognitive ability, and whether these trajectories are influenced by treatment history. METHOD Emotion perception (EP) and theory of mind (ToM) were assessed in 675 CHR and 263 healthy comparison (HC) participants aged 12-35. Age effects in CHR were modeled against HC age-expected performance. Prior medication status was tested for interactions with age. RESULTS CHR exhibited normal age trajectory for EP, but significantly lower slopes for ToM from age 17 onward. This effect was specific to stimuli exhibiting sarcasm and not to detection of lies. When treatment history was included in the model, age-trajectory appeared normal in CHR subjects previously prescribed both antipsychotics and antidepressant medication, although the blunted trajectory still characterized 80% of the sample. DISCUSSION Cross-sectional analyses suggested that blunting of ToM in CHR develops in adolescence, while EP abilities were diminished evenly across the age range. Exploratory analyses of treatment history suggested that ToM was not affected, however, in CHRs with lifetime histories of both antipsychotic and antidepressant medications. Reduction in age-expected ToM ability may impair the ability of individuals at CHR to meet social developmental challenges in adolescence. Medication effects on social cognition deserve further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie A. Davidson
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States,Corresponding author at: 36 Eagle Row, PAIS Rm. 446, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States., (C.A. Davidson)
| | - Danijela Piskulic
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jean Addington
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kristen S. Cadenhead
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Tyrone D. Cannon
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | | | | | - Diana O. Perkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Larry J. Seidman
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ming T. Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States,Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Elaine F. Walker
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Carrie E. Bearden
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States,Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Daniel H. Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States,Psychiatry Service, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Scott W. Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jason K. Johannesen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States,Psychology Service, VA Connecticut Health Care System, West Haven, CT, United States
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Abstract
Recent empirical findings from clinical and genetic studies suggest that mentalization, a key area of social cognition, is a distinct construct, although it is closely related to the neurocognitive deficits and symptoms of schizophrenia. Mentalization contributes a great deal to impaired social functioning. Current measures often display methodological problems, and many aspects should be taken into account when assessing mentalization. Moreover, advances in cognitive and affective neurosciences have led to the development of more advanced behavioral methods to assess the relationship between cognitive functions, symptoms, and social cognition based on their underlying neural mechanisms. The development of assessment tools that better examine the neural circuitry of such relationships may lead to the development of new psychosocial and pharmacological treatments.
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Yassin W, Callahan BL, Ubukata S, Sugihara G, Murai T, Ueda K. Facial emotion recognition in patients with focal and diffuse axonal injury. Brain Inj 2017; 31:624-630. [PMID: 28350176 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2017.1285052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Facial emotion recognition impairment has been well documented in patients with traumatic brain injury. Studies exploring the neural substrates involved in such deficits have implicated specific grey matter structures (e.g. orbitofrontal regions), as well as diffuse white matter damage. Our study aims to clarify whether different types of injuries (i.e. focal vs. diffuse) will lead to different types of impairments on facial emotion recognition tasks, as no study has directly compared these patients. METHODS The present study examined performance and response patterns on a facial emotion recognition task in 14 participants with diffuse axonal injury (DAI), 14 with focal injury (FI) and 22 healthy controls. RESULTS We found that, overall, participants with FI and DAI performed more poorly than controls on the facial emotion recognition task. Further, we observed comparable emotion recognition performance in participants with FI and DAI, despite differences in the nature and distribution of their lesions. However, the rating response pattern between the patient groups was different. CONCLUSION This is the first study to show that pure DAI, without gross focal lesions, can independently lead to facial emotion recognition deficits and that rating patterns differ depending on the type and location of trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Yassin
- a Department of Psychiatry , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan.,b Department of Neuropsychiatry , Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Brandy L Callahan
- c Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec , Quebec , Canada.,d Division of Neurology , Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre , Toronto , Canada
| | - Shiho Ubukata
- a Department of Psychiatry , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Genichi Sugihara
- a Department of Psychiatry , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Toshiya Murai
- a Department of Psychiatry , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Keita Ueda
- a Department of Psychiatry , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
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Iqbal S, Zakar R, Zakar MZ, Fischer F. Perceptions of adolescents' sexual and reproductive health and rights: a cross-sectional study in Lahore District, Pakistan. BMC INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AND HUMAN RIGHTS 2017; 17:5. [PMID: 28231860 PMCID: PMC5324303 DOI: 10.1186/s12914-017-0113-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is a significant aspect of adolescents’ growth, safeguarded by SRH rights (SRHR). Despite various global efforts to promote adolescents SRHR (ASRHR), the majority of adolescents still lack awareness and autonomy to access SRH related information and services. This research aimed to explore the knowledge and perceptions of adolescents’ sexual and reproductive health rights and highlights key constraints hindering adolescents from accessing and exercising SRHR in the district of Lahore, Pakistan. Methods The research uses a mixed methods approach including both quantitative and qualitative methods. For quantitative component, household survey was conducted with 600 respondents including adolescents (15–19 years) and their parents/caregivers. A multistage cluster random sampling technique was performed, based on the population proportion of administrative towns in Lahore district, Pakistan. A structured interview schedule was used to collect data. Quantitative data were collected by a standardized quantitative questionnaire; analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. For qualitative data collection, 12 in-depth interviews with teachers and doctors and four focus group discussions with adolescents were conducted, and analysed using thematic areas. Results The research revealed a low level of perception of ASRHR amongst the respondents and identified socio-cultural and structural constraints as the major underlying issues. Although more than half of the respondents were found to be aware of ASRHR, agreed to their importance and were in favour for adolescents to have access to requisite information, nonetheless they believed that adolescents had limited ability to exercise these rights. Conclusions The research found a low level of perception amongst adolescents and their parents/caregivers about ASRHR in Lahore district emphasising the rights-based approach. There is an urgent need to design specific policies and educational programmes to promote healthy practices. Research is recommended to inform and advocate Punjab Government and communities, including partners, teachers, doctors, religious scholars and media groups, to empower adolescents through health education. This can be achieved through the inclusion of SRH topics in educational curricula, establishing a virtual knowledge centre, encouraging debate competitions, and organising orientation sessions for professionals/experts and community etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarosh Iqbal
- Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, P.O. Box 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rubeena Zakar
- Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, P.O. Box 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zakria Zakar
- Institute of Social and Cultural Studies, University of the Punjab, P.O. Box 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Florian Fischer
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Bielefeld University, School of Public Health, P.O. Box 100 131, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Cotter J, Bartholomeusz C, Papas A, Allott K, Nelson B, Yung AR, Thompson A. Examining the association between social cognition and functioning in individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2017; 51:83-92. [PMID: 26698819 DOI: 10.1177/0004867415622691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social and role functioning are compromised for the majority of individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis, and it is important to identify factors that contribute to this functional decline. This study aimed to investigate social cognitive abilities, which have previously been linked to functioning in schizophrenia, as potential factors that impact social, role and global functioning in ultra-high risk patients. METHOD A total of 30 ultra-high risk patients were recruited from an established at-risk clinical service in Melbourne, Australia, and completed a battery of social cognitive, neurocognitive, clinical and functioning measures. We examined the relationships between all four core domains of social cognition (emotion recognition, theory of mind, social perception and attributional style), neurocognitive, clinical and demographic variables with three measures of functioning (the Global Functioning Social and Role scales and the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale) using correlational and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS Performance on a visual theory of mind task (visual jokes task) was significantly correlated with both concurrent role ( r = 0.425, p = 0.019) and global functioning ( r = 0.540, p = 0.002). In multivariate analyses, it also accounted for unique variance in global, but not role functioning after adjusting for negative symptoms and stress. Social functioning was not associated with performance on any of the social cognition tasks. CONCLUSION Among specific social cognitive abilities, only a test of theory of mind was associated with functioning in our ultra-high risk sample. Further longitudinal research is needed to examine the impact of social cognitive deficits on long-term functional outcome in the ultra-high risk group. Identifying social cognitive abilities that significantly impact functioning is important to inform the development of targeted intervention programmes for ultra-high risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Cotter
- 1 Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Cali Bartholomeusz
- 2 Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,3 Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alicia Papas
- 2 Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,3 Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly Allott
- 2 Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,3 Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- 2 Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,3 Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alison R Yung
- 1 Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Thompson
- 4 Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Herbort MC, Iseev J, Stolz C, Roeser B, Großkopf N, Wüstenberg T, Hellweg R, Walter H, Dziobek I, Schott BH. The ToMenovela - A Photograph-Based Stimulus Set for the Study of Social Cognition with High Ecological Validity. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1883. [PMID: 27994562 PMCID: PMC5133259 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the ToMenovela, a stimulus set that has been developed to provide a set of normatively rated socio-emotional stimuli showing varying amount of characters in emotionally laden interactions for experimental investigations of (i) cognitive and (ii) affective Theory of Mind (ToM), (iii) emotional reactivity, and (iv) complex emotion judgment with respect to Ekman’s basic emotions (happiness, anger, disgust, fear, sadness, surprise, Ekman and Friesen, 1975). Stimuli were generated with focus on ecological validity and consist of 190 scenes depicting daily-life situations. Two or more of eight main characters with distinct biographies and personalities are depicted on each scene picture. To obtain an initial evaluation of the stimulus set and to pave the way for future studies in clinical populations, normative data on each stimulus of the set was obtained from a sample of 61 neurologically and psychiatrically healthy participants (31 female, 30 male; mean age 26.74 ± 5.84), including a visual analog scale rating of Ekman’s basic emotions (happiness, anger, disgust, fear, sadness, surprise) and free-text descriptions of the content of each scene. The ToMenovela is being developed to provide standardized material of social scenes that are available to researchers in the study of social cognition. It should facilitate experimental control while keeping ecological validity high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike C Herbort
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin, Germany; Humboldt UniversityBerlin, Germany; Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Christopher Stolz
- Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburg, Germany; Department of Psychology, Philipps University of MarburgMarburg, Germany
| | | | - Nora Großkopf
- Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburg, Germany; Otto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Wüstenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Hellweg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin, Germany; Humboldt UniversityBerlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin, Germany; Humboldt UniversityBerlin, Germany
| | | | - Björn H Schott
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlin, Germany; Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburg, Germany; Otto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain SciencesMagdeburg, Germany
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Effect of theory of mind and peer victimization on the schizotypy-aggression relationship. NPJ SCHIZOPHRENIA 2016; 2:16001. [PMID: 27336052 PMCID: PMC4898892 DOI: 10.1038/npjschz.2016.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Prior longitudinal studies have established the relationship between schizophrenia and violence. However, previous studies on aggression and schizotypal personality are scarce. The present study examines whether peer victimization mediates the relationship between schizotypy and reactive-proactive aggression, and whether theory of mind (ToM) moderates this mediation. Schizotypy, peer victimization, reactive-proactive aggression, and ToM were assessed in 237 undergraduates. Peer victimization mediated the relationship between schizotypy and reactive aggression. ToM moderated this mediation effect; although peer victimization partially explains the schizotypy–aggression relationship, higher ToM skills weakened the detrimental effect of schizotypy on peer victimization which in turn reduces reactive aggression. In contrast, the moderated mediation was not significant for the proactive aggression model. Findings help delineate the underlying mechanism of the relationship between schizotypy and aggression. It is suggested that aggression could be reduced by enhancing ToM skills, thereby reducing peer victimization and the resultant schizotypy.
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Piskulic D, Liu L, Cadenhead KS, Cannon TD, Cornblatt BA, McGlashan TH, Perkins DO, Seidman LJ, Tsuang MT, Walker EF, Woods SW, Bearden CE, Mathalon DH, Addington J. Social cognition over time in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis: Findings from the NAPLS-2 cohort. Schizophr Res 2016; 171:176-81. [PMID: 26785807 PMCID: PMC5037438 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in social cognition are well established in schizophrenia and have been observed prior to the illness onset. Compared to healthy controls (HCs), individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis (CHR) are said to show deficits in social cognition similar to those observed in patients experiencing a first episode of psychosis. These deficits have been observed in several domains of social cognition, such as theory of mind (ToM), emotion perception and social perception. In the current study, the stability of three domains of social cognition (ToM, social perception and facial emotion perception) was assessed over time along and their association with both clinical symptoms and the later development of psychosis. Six hundred and seventy-five CHR individuals and 264 HC participants completed four tests of social cognition at baseline. Of those, 160 CHR and 155 HC participants completed assessments at all three time points (baseline, 1year and 2years) as part of their participation in the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study. The CHR group performed poorer on all tests of social cognition across all time points compared to HCs. Social cognition was not associated with attenuated positive symptoms at any time point in the study. CHR individuals who developed a psychotic disorder during the course of the study did not differ in social cognition compared to those who did not develop psychosis. This longitudinal study demonstrated mild to moderate, but persistent ToM and social perception impairments in those at CHR for psychosis compared to HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Piskulic
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lu Liu
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kristin S. Cadenhead
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Tyrone D. Cannon
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | | | | | - Diana O. Perkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Larry J. Seidman
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ming T. Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States,Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Elaine F. Walker
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Scott W. Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Carrie E. Bearden
- Departments of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences and Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Daniel H. Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States,Psychiatry Service, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jean Addington
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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