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Pan R, Dai J, Liang W, Wang H, Ye L, Ye S, Lin Z, Huang S, Xiong Y, Zhang L, Lu L, Wang O, Shen X, Liao W, Lu X. PDE4DIP contributes to colorectal cancer growth and chemoresistance through modulation of the NF1/RAS signaling axis. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:373. [PMID: 37355626 PMCID: PMC10290635 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05885-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4D interacting protein (PDE4DIP) is a centrosome/Golgi protein associated with cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases. PDE4DIP is commonly mutated in human cancers, and its alteration in mice leads to a predisposition to intestinal cancer. However, the biological function of PDE4DIP in human cancer remains obscure. Here, we report for the first time the oncogenic role of PDE4DIP in colorectal cancer (CRC) growth and adaptive MEK inhibitor (MEKi) resistance. We show that the expression of PDE4DIP is upregulated in CRC tissues and associated with the clinical characteristics and poor prognosis of CRC patients. Knockdown of PDE4DIP impairs the growth of KRAS-mutant CRC cells by inhibiting the core RAS signaling pathway. PDE4DIP plays an essential role in the full activation of oncogenic RAS/ERK signaling by suppressing the expression of the RAS GTPase-activating protein (RasGAP) neurofibromin (NF1). Mechanistically, PDE4DIP promotes the recruitment of PLCγ/PKCε to the Golgi apparatus, leading to constitutive activation of PKCε, which triggers the degradation of NF1. Upregulation of PDE4DIP results in adaptive MEKi resistance in KRAS-mutant CRC by reactivating the RAS/ERK pathway. Our work reveals a novel functional link between PDE4DIP and NF1/RAS signal transduction and suggests that targeting PDE4DIP is a promising therapeutic strategy for KRAS-mutant CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rulu Pan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Juji Dai
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Weicheng Liang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hongxiao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Lin Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Siqi Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Ziqi Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Shishun Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Liting Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Ouchen Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Xian Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, China
| | - Wanqin Liao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Xincheng Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Montag K, Ivanov R, Bauer P. Role of SEC14-like phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins in membrane identity and dynamics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1181031. [PMID: 37255567 PMCID: PMC10225987 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1181031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Membrane identity and dynamic processes, that act at membrane sites, provide important cues for regulating transport, signal transduction and communication across membranes. There are still numerous open questions as to how membrane identity changes and the dynamic processes acting at the surface of membranes are regulated in diverse eukaryotes in particular plants and which roles are being played by protein interaction complexes composed of peripheral and integral membrane proteins. One class of peripheral membrane proteins conserved across eukaryotes comprises the SEC14-like phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins (SEC14L-PITPs). These proteins share a SEC14 domain that contributes to membrane identity and fulfills regulatory functions in membrane trafficking by its ability to sense, bind, transport and exchange lipophilic substances between membranes, such as phosphoinositides and diverse other lipophilic substances. SEC14L-PITPs can occur as single-domain SEC14-only proteins in all investigated organisms or with a modular domain structure as multi-domain proteins in animals and streptophytes (comprising charales and land plants). Here, we present an overview on the functional roles of SEC14L-PITPs, with a special focus on the multi-domain SEC14L-PITPs of the SEC14-nodulin and SEC14-GOLD group (PATELLINs, PATLs in plants). This indicates that SEC14L-PITPs play diverse roles from membrane trafficking to organism fitness in plants. We concentrate on the structure of SEC14L-PITPs, their ability to not only bind phospholipids but also other lipophilic ligands, and their ability to regulate complex cellular responses through interacting with proteins at membrane sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolin Montag
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rumen Ivanov
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Petra Bauer
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Center of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Germany
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Speth US, König D, Burg S, Gosau M, Friedrich RE. Evaluation of the sense of taste and smell in patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2023; 124:101271. [PMID: 36038126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine if patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) have an impaired sense of smell or taste. Neurofibromin, the NF1gene protein product is ubiquitous in the body and is especially associated with the development of neurogenetic structures. Lately enlarged olfactory bulbs have been described in patients with NF1. Until now, there is no study to evaluate the sense of smell and taste in patients with NF1. METHOD This study has been approved by the Hamburg Ethics committee. An evaluation of the sense of smell and taste was undertaken in 26 patients with NF1 using the Burghart Sniffin' Sticks. Three patients were excluded due to a prior infection with the Corona virus. As a control group the same examination was performed in healthy individuals (same sex/ same age as the NF1 patients) by the same examiner. RESULTS The results show a normal sense of smell in patients with NF1. The morphologic finding of enlarged olfactory bulbs seem to have no functional equivalent. However, 8 out of 23 patients with NF1 had difficulties identifying at least one taste flavor. In total 9.8% of possible taste qualities were misidentified. In the healthy control group, all taste qualities were identified correctly. Considering each taste quality as separate case, a significant difference in the taste function was identified based on Fisher's exact test (p=0.003). CONCLUSION The current study does not show a correlation between NF1 and an impaired sense of smell. Yet significant reduction in the sense of taste was found in the patients with NF1. Further research will have to be conducted to find the underlying causal pathways. CLINICAL RELEVANCE NF1 is recently being acknowledged not only for its' macroscopic aesthetic and functional impairments, but also as a neurodevelopmental disorder. Evaluating the neural structures in regard to their function is a first step in understanding more about the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Simone Speth
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Daniela König
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon Burg
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Gosau
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Edgar Friedrich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Role of nerves in neurofibromatosis type 1-related nervous system tumors. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2022; 45:1137-1153. [PMID: 36327093 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00723-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder that affects nearly 1 in 3000 infants. Neurofibromin inactivation and NF1 gene mutations are involved in various aspects of neuronal function regulation, including neuronal development induction, electrophysiological activity elevation, growth factor expression, and neurotransmitter release. NF1 patients often exhibit a predisposition to tumor development, especially in the nervous system, resulting in the frequent occurrence of peripheral nerve sheath tumors and gliomas. Recent evidence suggests that nerves play a role in the development of multiple tumor types, prompting researchers to investigate the nerve as a vital component in and regulator of the initiation and progression of NF1-related nervous system tumors. CONCLUSION In this review, we summarize existing evidence about the specific effects of NF1 mutation on neurons and emerging research on the role of nerves in neurological tumor development, promising a new set of selective and targeted therapies for NF1-related tumors.
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Liu Y, Qin ZQ, Zheng Y, Wu J, Yang G, Tan Q, Zhu G, Liu K, Mei H. New insights into pathogenesis of congenital pseudarthrosis of tibia in children using periosteum proteomics analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9374. [PMID: 35933588 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The exact etiology and pathogenesis of congenital pseudarthrosis of tibia (CPT) are not clear. Quantitative proteomics analysis plays a vital role in disease pathology research. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-based proteomics techniques were employed to identify and analyze the differentially expressed proteins (DEP) in the tibia periosteum tissues of CPT patients. METHODS The samples were divided into three groups: CPT with NF1 group, CPT without NF1 group (non-NF1-CPT), and control group (patients with open tibial fracture). A fold change ≥1.5 or ≤0.66 and P-value <0.05 were used as the thresholds to screen DEPs. Subsequently, bioinformatics resources such as online tools DAVID and String were used to generate gene ontology (GO) annotation, KEGG pathways enrichment, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for these DEPs. RESULTS The results show that a total of 347 proteins were differentially expressed in NF1-CPT groups, 212 of which were upregulated and 135 were downregulated. There were more DEPs in non-NF1-CPT groups; we identified 467 DEPs, including 281 upregulated and 186 downregulated. Among them, NF1-CPT groups and non-NF1-CPT groups shared 231 DEPs, and the remaining 230 DEPs showed the same expression trend in the two disease groups, with 117 upregulated and 113 downregulated. In particular, 116 proteins were altered only in NF1-CPT groups (94 were upregulated and 22 were downregulated), whereas 236 proteins were altered only in non-NF1-CPT groups (164 were upregulated and 72 were downregulated). Finally, compared with non-NF1-CPT groups, 47 proteins changed 1.5-fold and P-value < 0.05 in NF1-CPT groups. CONCLUSIONS To sum up, we found that common DEPS in periosteum of NF1-CPT and non-NF1-CPT groups are mainly involved in cell matrix assembly, cell adhesion, AKT-PI3K signal pathway activation, and vascular agglutination, which indicate that these are the pathological characteristics of CPT. The osteogenic ability is weak, the osteoclastic ability is strong, the vascular lumen is narrow, the invasive growth and the proliferation of fibroblasts are enhanced in CPT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoxi Liu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, The School of Pediatrics, Heng Yang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410007, China
| | - Zhen Qi Qin
- Medical School, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, The School of Pediatrics, Heng Yang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410007, China
| | - Jiangyan Wu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, The School of Pediatrics, Heng Yang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410007, China
| | - Ge Yang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, The School of Pediatrics, Heng Yang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410007, China
| | - Qian Tan
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, The School of Pediatrics, Heng Yang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410007, China
| | - Guanghui Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, The School of Pediatrics, Heng Yang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410007, China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, The School of Pediatrics, Heng Yang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410007, China
| | - Haibo Mei
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, The School of Pediatrics, Heng Yang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410007, China
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CRISPR-Cas9-generated mouse model of neurofibromatosis type 1. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00256-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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王 生, 李 艳, 张 杰, 倪 鑫. [Progress in diagnosis and treatment of neurofibromatosis in children]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2022; 36:477-482. [PMID: 35822370 PMCID: PMC10128489 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2022.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1(NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease in which a mutation in the NF1 gene on chromosome 17q11.2 results in inactivation or down-regulation of neurofibromin. This results in a series of neurocutaneous lesions characterized by neurofibromatosis. Patients with plexiform neurofibromas(PN), as one of the main manifestations of NF1, often experience pain, dysfunction, skeletal deformities, changes in appearance and other symptoms. In severe cases, compression of the airways and vital organs occurs, and the PN is at risk of malignancy progression. At present, its treatment is still challenging. Surgery is the primary treatment for PN, but complete resection is often difficult. In recent years, chemotherapy for PN has become a hot topic. This article reviews the research progress in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of PN in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- 生才 王
- 首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 国家儿童医学中心 儿童耳鼻咽喉头颈外科疾病北京市重点实验室(北京,100045)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Disease of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - 艳珍 李
- 首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 国家儿童医学中心 儿童耳鼻咽喉头颈外科疾病北京市重点实验室(北京,100045)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Disease of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - 杰 张
- 首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 国家儿童医学中心 儿童耳鼻咽喉头颈外科疾病北京市重点实验室(北京,100045)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Disease of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing, 100045, China
| | - 鑫 倪
- 首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 国家儿童医学中心 儿童耳鼻咽喉头颈外科疾病北京市重点实验室(北京,100045)Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Disease of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing, 100045, China
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Mutation of PTPN11 (Encoding SHP-2) Promotes MEK Activation and Malignant Progression in Neurofibromin-Deficient Cells in a Manner Sensitive to BRAP Mutation. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14102377. [PMID: 35625983 PMCID: PMC9140047 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Germline mutations of NF1 cause neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), which is characterized by multiple benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors known as neurofibromas. In some individuals with NF1, plexiform neurofibromas can give rise to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Here, we applied genomic DNA sequencing to NF1-derived tumors and identified additional genetic alterations in PTPN11 (encoding Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-2 (SHP)-2) and BRAP associated with NF1 tumor malignancy. We found that the forced expression of the mutant form of SHP-2 activated the protein kinase MEK and increased tumorigenic activity in NF1 cells, and that these effects were attenuated by the forced expression of the mutant form of BRCA1-associated protein (BRAP). This suppressive action of mutant BRAP was not apparent in NF1-intact cells. Our data indicate that the combination of NF1 mutation and PTPN11 mutation drives the malignancy of NF1 cells and that SHP-2 inhibition by BRAP is a potential therapeutic strategy for NF1-associated malignant tumors. Abstract Germline mutations of NF1 cause neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) through the activation of the RAS signaling pathway, and some NF1 patients develop malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs). Here, we established subclones of the human NF1-MPNST cell line sNF96.2 that manifest increased tumorigenic activity and increased phosphorylation of the protein kinases MEK and Akt relative to the parental cells. Genomic DNA sequencing identified 14 additional heterozygous mutations within the coding regions of 13 cancer- and other disease-related genes in these subclones. One of these genes, PTPN11, encodes SHP-2, and the forced expression of the identified G503V mutant of SHP-2 increased both tumorigenic activity and MEK phosphorylation in parental sNF96.2 cells, suggesting that the combination of PTPN11 and NF1 mutations induces the pathological activation of the RAS pathway. These effects of SHP-2 (G503V) were inhibited by the coexpression of the G370A mutant of BRAP, which was also detected in the highly malignant subclones, and this inhibition was accompanied by the calpain-dependent cleavage of SHP-2 (G503V). The cleavage of SHP-2 (G503V) and suppression of MEK phosphorylation mediated by BRAP (G370A) were not detected in NF1-intact (HeLa) cells. Tumor promotion by SHP-2 (G503V) and its suppression by BRAP (G370A) may serve as a basis for the development of new treatment strategies for NF1.
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Somatilaka BN, Sadek A, McKay RM, Le LQ. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: models, biology, and translation. Oncogene 2022; 41:2405-2421. [PMID: 35393544 PMCID: PMC9035132 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02290-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive, invasive cancer that comprise around 10% of all soft tissue sarcomas and develop in about 8-13% of patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1. They are associated with poor prognosis and are the leading cause of mortality in NF1 patients. MPNSTs can also develop sporadically or following exposure to radiation. There is currently no effective targeted therapy to treat MPNSTs and surgical removal remains the mainstay treatment. Unfortunately, surgery is not always possible due to the size and location of the tumor, thus, a better understanding of MPNST initiation and development is required to design novel therapeutics. Here, we provide an overview of MPNST biology and genetics, discuss findings regarding the developmental origin of MPNST, and summarize the various model systems employed to study MPNST. Finally, we discuss current management strategies for MPNST, as well as recent developments in translating basic research findings into potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandarigoda N. Somatilaka
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA
| | - Ali Sadek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA
| | - Renee M. McKay
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA
| | - Lu Q. Le
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern
Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA,Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA,UTSW Comprehensive Neurofibromatosis Clinic, University of
Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA,Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine,
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas,
75390-9069, USA,O’Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas
Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, 75390-9069, USA
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Managing Headache Disorders Associated with Tuberous Sclerosis and Neurofibromatosis. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2022; 26:281-288. [PMID: 35179724 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-022-01032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and neurofibromatosis (NF) are neurocutaneous disorders often encountered by neurologists in clinical practice. This article aims to familiarize adult and pediatric neurologists with common features of these disorders and headache specific evaluation and management. RECENT FINDINGS Non-malignant intracranial tumors in TSC include cortical tubers (glioneuronal hamartomas), subependymal nodules or subependymal giant-cell astrocytomas (SEGA). Headache disorders in TSC are largely secondary and can cause headaches due to increased intracranial pressure, mass effect, obstructive hydrocephalus, or hemorrhage. Neurosurgical intervention is typically required for management of large SEGAs; however, in patients with increased surgical risk, newer treatment modalities may be offered such as neoadjuvant therapy with an mTOR inhibitor (mTORi). Newer studies indicate headache disorders are more prevalent in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Primary headache disorders can include migraine and tension-type headache, while secondary headache disorders can be due to associated neoplasms such as optic pathway gliomas or brainstem gliomas, or less commonly vasculopathies such as moyamoya syndrome. Selumetinib is an oral, small molecule mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) agent with antineoplastic activity which is in ongoing trials for treatment of NF1-associated pediatric low-grade gliomas. NF1 stands out as having a higher association with primary headache disorders such as migraine. This association may be related to effects of mutation of the neurofibromin gene on pathways involved in pain and migraine genesis, however, warrants future study. Care should be taken when formulating a headache treatment plan to address comorbidities and avoid medications that may be contraindicated.
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Molecular characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with Neurofibromin 1-altered metastatic colorectal cancer. Oncogene 2022; 41:260-267. [PMID: 34728807 PMCID: PMC8738154 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Loss-of-function alterations of Neurofibromin 1 (NF1) activate RAS, a driver of colorectal cancer. However, the clinical implications of NF1 alterations are largely unknown. We performed a comprehensive molecular profiling of NF1-mutant colorectal cancer using data from 8150 patients included in a dataset of commercial CLIA-certified laboratory (Caris Life Sciences). In addition, NF1 expression levels were tested for associations with clinical outcomes using data from 431 patients in the CALGB/SWOG 80405 trial. In the Caris dataset, 2.2% of patients had pathogenic or presumed pathogenic NF1 mutations. NF1-mutant tumors more frequently harbored PIK3CA (25.0% vs. 16.7%) and PTEN mutations (24.0% vs. 4.2%) than wild type tumors. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that MAPK and PI3K pathway signatures were enriched in NF1-mutant tumors. In the CALGB/SWOG 80405 cohort, low NF1 expression was associated with poor prognosis, and high NF1 expression was associated with better efficacy of cetuximab than bevacizumab. Together, we revealed concurrent genetic alterations in the PI3K pathways in NF1-mutant tumors, suggesting the need to simultaneously block MAPK and PI3K pathways in treatment. The potential of NF1 alteration as a novel biomarker for targeted therapy was highlighted, warranting further investigations in clinical settings.
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Mehkri Y, Rivas LF, Jules R, Tuna IS, Hoh BL, Shuhaiber HH. Moyamoya Disease in a Young Female With Neurofibromatosis Type 1. Cureus 2021; 13:e19121. [PMID: 34858759 PMCID: PMC8614160 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disease characterized by progressive stenosis of the terminal portions of the internal carotid arteries (ICAs) and the development of a network of abnormal collateral vessels. This case depicts a 25-year-old African American female patient with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1), whose initial hospital presentation occurred in a hypertensive emergency setting. Surveillance studies with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple asymptomatic right cortical strokes. Genetic testing evidenced a novel, unique pathogenic variant on the NF-1 gene. The patient underwent combined bypass surgery first and then was placed on aspirin and a blood pressure control regimen. Our case illustrates the need for clinicians to include moyamoya disease in the list of differential diagnoses when encountering a young patient, without major risk factors, presenting with ischemic stroke. It should be considered even with no known history of previously diagnosed MMD or NF-1, as these pathologies may have yet to be evaluated in subclinical cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Mehkri
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Jules
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, USA
| | - Ibrahim S Tuna
- Department of Radiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, USA
| | - Brian L Hoh
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, USA
| | - Hans H Shuhaiber
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, USA
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13
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Amaravathi A, Oblinger JL, Welling DB, Kinghorn AD, Chang LS. Neurofibromatosis: Molecular Pathogenesis and Natural Compounds as Potential Treatments. Front Oncol 2021; 11:698192. [PMID: 34604034 PMCID: PMC8485038 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.698192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurofibromatosis syndromes, including NF1, NF2, and schwannomatosis, are tumor suppressor syndromes characterized by multiple nervous system tumors, particularly Schwann cell neoplasms. NF-related tumors are mainly treated by surgery, and some of them have been treated by but are refractory to conventional chemotherapy. Recent advances in molecular genetics and genomics alongside the development of multiple animal models have provided a better understanding of NF tumor biology and facilitated target identification and therapeutic evaluation. Many targeted therapies have been evaluated in preclinical models and patients with limited success. One major advance is the FDA approval of the MEK inhibitor selumetinib for the treatment of NF1-associated plexiform neurofibroma. Due to their anti-neoplastic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, selected natural compounds could be useful as a primary therapy or as an adjuvant therapy prior to or following surgery and/or radiation for patients with tumor predisposition syndromes, as patients often take them as dietary supplements and for health enhancement purposes. Here we review the natural compounds that have been evaluated in NF models. Some have demonstrated potent anti-tumor effects and may become viable treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Amaravathi
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Janet L Oblinger
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - D Bradley Welling
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - A Douglas Kinghorn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Long-Sheng Chang
- Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
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14
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Rasheed S, Rehman K, Akash MSH. An insight into the risk factors of brain tumors and their therapeutic interventions. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112119. [PMID: 34474351 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors are an abnormal growth of cells in the brain, also known as multifactorial groups of neoplasm. Incidence rates of brain tumors increase rapidly, and it has become a leading cause of tumor related deaths globally. Several factors have potential risks for intracranial neoplasm. To date, the International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified the ionizing radiation and the N-nitroso compounds as established carcinogens and probable carcinogens respectively. Diagnosis of brain tumors is based on histopathology and suitable imaging techniques. Labeled amino acids and fluorodeoxyglucose with or without contrast-enhanced MRI are used for the evaluation of tumor traces. T2-weighted MRI is an advanced diagnostic implementation, used for the detection of low-grade gliomas. Treatment decisions are based on tumor size, location, type, patient's age and health status. Conventional therapeutic approaches for tumor treatment are surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. While the novel strategies may include targeted therapy, electric field treatments and vaccine therapy. Inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors is an attractive tumor mitigation strategy for advanced-stage cancers; in the future, it may prove to be a useful targeted therapy. The blood-brain barrier poses a major hurdle in the transport of therapeutics towards brain tissues. Moreover, nanomedicine has gained a vital role in cancer therapy. Nano drug delivery system such as liposomal drug delivery has been widely used in the cancer treatment. Liposome encapsulated drugs have improved therapeutic efficacy than free drugs. Numerous treatment therapies for brain tumors are in advanced clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumbal Rasheed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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15
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Ramasamy D, Deva Magendhra Rao AK, Rajkumar T, Mani S. Non-CpG methylation-a key epigenetic modification in cancer. Brief Funct Genomics 2021; 20:304-311. [PMID: 34318313 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The methylation of cytosine residues that precede adenine/thymine or other cytosine nucleotides instead of guanine in DNA is known as non-CpG methylation. It is a pronounced epigenetic modification with a central role in gene regulation similar to CpG methylation. Due to technological limitations, the locus-specific role of non-CpG methylation was scarcely understood. At present, high-throughput analyses and improved enrichment methods can elucidate the role of genome-wide non-CpG methylation distributions. Although the functional basis of non-CpG methylation in regulating gene expression control is known, its role in cancer development is yet to be ascertained. This review sheds light on the possible mechanism of non-CpG methylation in embryos and developed tissues with a special focus on cancer development and progression. In particular, the maintenance and alteration of non-CpG methylation levels and the crucial factors that determine this level of non-CpG methylation and its functional role in cancer are discussed.
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16
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Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Preimplantation Genetic Testing for De Novo NF1 Mutations. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-021-00006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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17
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Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Graves' Disease in Genetic Syndromes in Pediatric Age. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12020222. [PMID: 33557156 PMCID: PMC7913917 DOI: 10.3390/genes12020222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) and Graves’ disease (GD), are the most common cause of acquired thyroid disorder during childhood and adolescence. Our purpose was to assess the main features of AITDs when they occur in association with genetic syndromes. We conducted a systematic review of the literature, covering the last 20 years, through MEDLINE via PubMed and EMBASE databases, in order to identify studies focused on the relation between AITDs and genetic syndromes in children and adolescents. From the 1654 references initially identified, 90 articles were selected for our final evaluation. Turner syndrome, Down syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, neurofibromatosis type 1, Noonan syndrome, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, Prader–Willi syndrome, Williams syndrome and 18q deletion syndrome were evaluated. Our analysis confirmed that AITDs show peculiar phenotypic patterns when they occur in association with some genetic disorders, especially chromosomopathies. To improve clinical practice and healthcare in children and adolescents with genetic syndromes, an accurate screening and monitoring of thyroid function and autoimmunity should be performed. Furthermore, maintaining adequate thyroid hormone levels is important to avoid aggravating growth and cognitive deficits that are not infrequently present in the syndromes analyzed.
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18
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Loss of the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) tumor suppressor protein causes uninhibited activation of the RAS oncogene, which leads to tumorigenesis in patients with NF1. This case-based review discusses imaging manifestations of NF1 in the abdomen and pelvis, highlighting key genetic associations and management to elucidate features different from the general population. CONCLUSION. The spectrum of pathologic findings includes gastrointestinal tumors such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors, genitourinary lesions including urogenital neurofibromas, vascular entities such as renal artery stenosis, and less common associations like lymphoma.
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19
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Neurofibromatosis Type I (Von Recklinghausen Disease): A Case Report and Review of the Literature. ACTA MEDICA BULGARICA 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/amb-2020-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type I is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder with an incidence of about 1 in 3000 births. Apart from the typical skin involvement NF1 may affect multiple organs with ocular, neurological, skeletal and cardiovascular manifestations. We present a case of a 38-year-old man with multiple café-au-lait macules and hundreds of neurofibromas disseminated on the trunk and extremities dating from childhood. To establish the diagnosis and to exclude any complications we performed multiple examinations, including skin biopsy, laboratory investigations, ophthalmologic assessment, consultations with a neurologist, internist and orthopedist, etc. The treatment of cutaneous NF1 is mainly symptomatic. Surgical excision aims to achieve cosmetic results. Recently novel and perspective conservative therapies have been investigated. In order to ensure better outcome for the patients with NF1 long-term multi-disciplinary approach is advised.
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20
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Foiadelli T, Naso M, Licari A, Orsini A, Magistrali M, Trabatti C, Luzzi S, Mosconi M, Savasta S, Marseglia GL. Advanced pharmacological therapies for neurofibromatosis type 1-related tumors. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2020; 91:101-114. [PMID: 32608378 PMCID: PMC7975824 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v91i7-s.9961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant tumor-predisposition disorder that is caused by a heterozygous loss of function variant in the NF1 gene, which encodes a protein called neurofibromin. The absence of neurofibromin causes increased activity in the Rat sarcoma protein (RAS) signalling pathway, which results in an increased growth and cell proliferation. As a result, both oncological and non-oncological comorbidities contribute to a high morbidity and mortality in these patients. Optic pathways gliomas, plexiform neurofibromas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) are the most frequent NF1-associated tumors. The treatment of these complications is often challenging, since surgery may not be feasible due to the location, size, and infiltrative nature of these tumors, and standard chemotherapy or radiotherapy are burdened by significant toxicity and risk for secondary malignancies. For these reasons, following the novel discoveries of the pathophysiological mechanisms that lead to cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in NF1 patients, emerging drugs targeting specific signalling pathways (i.e. the MEK/ERK cascade), have been developed with promising results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Foiadelli
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Matteo Naso
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Amelia Licari
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Orsini
- Pediatric Neurology, Pediatric Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, Italy.
| | - Mariasole Magistrali
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Chiara Trabatti
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Sabino Luzzi
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Mario Mosconi
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Unit, Department of Clinical-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Savasta
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Gian Luigi Marseglia
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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21
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Santoro C, Picariello S, Palladino F, Spennato P, Melis D, Roth J, Cirillo M, Quaglietta L, D’Amico A, Gaudino G, Meucci MC, Ferrara U, Constantini S, Perrotta S, Cinalli G. Retrospective Multicentric Study on Non-Optic CNS Tumors in Children and Adolescents with Neurofibromatosis Type 1. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1426. [PMID: 32486389 PMCID: PMC7353051 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
s: The natural history of non-optic central nervous system (CNS) tumors in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is largely unknown. Here, we describe prevalence, clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome of 49 non-optic CNS tumors observed in 35 pediatric patients (0-18 years). Patient- and tumor-related data were recorded. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated. Eighteen patients (51%) harbored an optic pathway glioma (OPG) and eight (23%) had multiple non-optic CNS lesions. The majority of lesions (37/49) were managed with a wait-and-see strategy, with one regression and five reductions observed. Twenty-one lesions (42.9%) required surgical treatment. Five-year OS was 85.3%. Twenty-four patients progressed with a 5-year PFS of 41.4%. Patients with multiple low-grade gliomas progressed earlier and had a lower 5-year PFS than those with one lesion only (14.3% vs. 57.9%), irrespective of OPG co-presence. Non-optic CNS tumors are common in young patients with NF1. Neither age and symptoms at diagnosis nor tumor location influenced time to progression in our series. Patients with multiple lesions tended to have a lower age at onset and to progress earlier, but with a good OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Santoro
- Neurofibromatosis Referral Center, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, and General and Specialized Surgery, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, Via Luigi de Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.P.); (F.P.); (G.G.); (S.P.)
- Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Mental and Physical Health, and Preventive Medicine, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, Largo Madonna delle Grazie 1, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Picariello
- Neurofibromatosis Referral Center, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, and General and Specialized Surgery, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, Via Luigi de Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.P.); (F.P.); (G.G.); (S.P.)
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, P.zza L. Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Palladino
- Neurofibromatosis Referral Center, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, and General and Specialized Surgery, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, Via Luigi de Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.P.); (F.P.); (G.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Pietro Spennato
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Via Mario Fiore 6, 80129 Naples, Italy; (P.S.); (M.C.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Daniela Melis
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Via Salvador Allende, Baronissi, 84081 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Jonathan Roth
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Dana Children’s Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann St., Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (J.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Mario Cirillo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, Neurology, Metabolism and Geriatrics, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Lucia Quaglietta
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Via Mario Fiore 6, 80129 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alessandra D’Amico
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, “Federico II” University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80100 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giuseppina Gaudino
- Neurofibromatosis Referral Center, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, and General and Specialized Surgery, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, Via Luigi de Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.P.); (F.P.); (G.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Maria Chiara Meucci
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Via Mario Fiore 6, 80129 Naples, Italy; (P.S.); (M.C.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Ursula Ferrara
- Section of Pediatrics, Department of Translational Medical Science, “Federico II” University of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80100 Naples, Italy;
| | - Shlomi Constantini
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Dana Children’s Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann St., Tel Aviv 6423906, Israel; (J.R.); (S.C.)
| | - Silverio Perrotta
- Neurofibromatosis Referral Center, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, and General and Specialized Surgery, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, Via Luigi de Crecchio 2, 80138 Naples, Italy; (S.P.); (F.P.); (G.G.); (S.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Cinalli
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Via Mario Fiore 6, 80129 Naples, Italy; (P.S.); (M.C.M.); (G.C.)
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22
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Jia J, Zhang H, Zhang H, Liu W, Shu M. Infiltrating Macrophages Induced Stem-cell-like Features Through PI3K/AKT/GSK3β Signaling to Promote Neurofibroma Growth. Arch Med Res 2020; 51:124-134. [PMID: 32111496 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation plays an important role in promoting neurofibroma progression, and macrophages are key inflammatory cells in neurofibroma. AIM OF THIS STUDY We attempted to clarify the detailed mechanism of infiltrating macrophages promoting neurofibroma progression. METHODS We performed IHC and Western blot assays to detect the expression levels of OCT3/4, Nanog and SOX2 in tissues and cells. A colony/sphere formation assay was used to analyze cell stemness. MTT, colony formation assay and xenograft tumor model were used to detect cell growth. The transwell system was used to examine macrophage infiltration. RESULTS We demonstrated increased macrophage infiltration in neurofibroma tissues accompanied by increased stem cell-like markers. Moreover, Nf1-mutated SW10 cells possessed a stronger capacity to recruit macrophages, which in turn facilitated neurofibroma growth. Mechanistically, the infiltrating macrophages induced neurofibroma cell stem cell transition by modulating PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling, which then enhanced neurofibroma cell viability in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION Our results revealed a new mechanism of infiltrating macrophages contributing to neurofibroma progression, and targeting this newly identified signaling may help to treat neurofibroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jia
- Department of Plastic, Cosmetic and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; The school of electronic and information engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haibao Zhang
- Key laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongke Zhang
- Department of Plastic, Cosmetic and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Department of Plastic, Cosmetic and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Maoguo Shu
- Department of Plastic, Cosmetic and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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23
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Harrell Stewart DR, Clark GJ. Pumping the brakes on RAS - negative regulators and death effectors of RAS. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/3/jcs238865. [PMID: 32041893 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.238865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations that activate the RAS oncoproteins are common in cancer. However, aberrant upregulation of RAS activity often occurs in the absence of activating mutations in the RAS genes due to defects in RAS regulators. It is now clear that loss of function of Ras GTPase-activating proteins (RasGAPs) is common in tumors, and germline mutations in certain RasGAP genes are responsible for some clinical syndromes. Although regulation of RAS is central to their activity, RasGAPs exhibit great diversity in their binding partners and therefore affect signaling by multiple mechanisms that are independent of RAS. The RASSF family of tumor suppressors are essential to RAS-induced apoptosis and senescence, and constitute a barrier to RAS-mediated transformation. Suppression of RASSF protein expression can also promote the development of excessive RAS signaling by uncoupling RAS from growth inhibitory pathways. Here, we will examine how these effectors of RAS contribute to tumor suppression, through both RAS-dependent and RAS-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmond R Harrell Stewart
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40222, USA
| | - Geoffrey J Clark
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40222, USA
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24
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Yu D, Ruan X, Huang J, Hu W, Chen C, Xu Y, Hou J, Li S. Comprehensive Analysis of Competitive Endogenous RNAs Network, Being Associated With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Emerging Role in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1474. [PMID: 32038997 PMCID: PMC6985543 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common malignancy with poor prognosis and survival rate. To identify meaningful long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and messenger RNA (mRNA) modules related to the ESCC prognosis, The Cancer Genome Atlas-ESCC was downloaded and processed, and then, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis was applied to construct lncRNA co-expression networks, miRNA co-expression networks, and mRNA co-expression networks. Twenty-one hub lncRNAs, seven hub miRNAs, and eight hub mRNAs were clarified. Additionally, a competitive endogenous RNAs network was constructed, and the emerging role of the network involved in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) was also analyzed using several webtools. The expression levels of eight hub genes (TBC1D2, ATP6V0E1, SPI1, RNASE6, C1QB, C1QC, CSF1R, and C1QA) were different between normal esophageal tissues and HNSCC tissues. The expression levels of TBC1D2 and ATP6V0E1 were related to the survival time of HNSCC. The competitive endogenous RNAs network might provide common mechanisms involving in ESCC and HNSCC. More importantly, useful clues were provided for clinical treatments of both diseases based on novel molecular advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghu Yu
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolan Ruan
- Department of Hematology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyu Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weidong Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxuan Hou
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, China
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25
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Kang E, Kim YM, Seo GH, Oh A, Yoon HM, Ra YS, Kim EK, Kim H, Heo SH, Kim GH, Osborn MJ, Tolar J, Yoo HW, Lee BH. Phenotype categorization of neurofibromatosis type I and correlation to NF1 mutation types. J Hum Genet 2019; 65:79-89. [PMID: 31776437 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-019-0695-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is caused by heterozygous mutation in the NF1 gene. NF1 is one of the most common human genetic diseases. However, the overall genotype-phenotype correlation has not been known, due to a wide spectrum of genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity. Here we describe the detailed clinical and genetic features of 427 Korean NF1 patients from 389 unrelated families. Long range PCR and sequencing of genomic DNA with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis identified 250 different NF1 mutations in 363 families (93%), including 94 novel mutations. With an emphasis on phenotypes requiring medical attention (classified and termed: NF1+), we investigated the correlation of NF1+ and mutation types. NF1+ was more prevalent in patients with truncating/splicing mutations and large deletions than in those with missense mutations (59.6%, 64.3% vs. 36.6%, p = 0.001). This difference was especially significant in the patients younger than age 19 years. The number of items in NF1+ was a higher in the former groups (0.95 ± 0.06, 1.18 ± 0.20 vs. 0.56 ± 0.10, p = 0.002). These results suggest that mutation types are associated not only with higher prevalence of severe phenotypes in NF1 but also with their earlier onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eungu Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Myung Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Go Hun Seo
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Arum Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Mang Yoon
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Shin Ra
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Key Kim
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heyry Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Heo
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gu-Hwan Kim
- Medical Genetics Center, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mark J Osborn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jakub Tolar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Han-Wook Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.,Medical Genetics Center, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Hee Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-Gil, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea. .,Medical Genetics Center, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Bai L, Lee Y, Hsu CT, Williams JA, Cavanaugh D, Zheng X, Stein C, Haynes P, Wang H, Gutmann DH, Sehgal A. A Conserved Circadian Function for the Neurofibromatosis 1 Gene. Cell Rep 2019; 22:3416-3426. [PMID: 29590612 PMCID: PMC5898822 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of the Neurofibromatosis 1 (Nf1) protein, neurofibromin, in Drosophila disrupts circadian rhythms of locomotor activity without impairing central clock function, suggesting effects downstream of the clock. However, the relevant cellular mechanisms are not known. Leveraging the discovery of output circuits for locomotor rhythms, we dissected cellular actions of neurofibromin in recently identified substrates. Herein, we show that neurofibromin affects the levels and cycling of calcium in multiple circadian peptidergic neurons. A prominent site of action is the pars intercerebralis (PI), the fly equivalent of the hypothalamus, with cell-autonomous effects of Nf1 in PI cells that secrete DH44. Nf1 interacts genetically with peptide signaling to affect circadian behavior. We extended these studies to mammals to demonstrate that mouse astrocytes exhibit a 24-hr rhythm of calcium levels, which is also attenuated by lack of neurofibromin. These findings establish a conserved role for neurofibromin in intracellular signaling rhythms within the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Bai
- Penn Chronobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yool Lee
- Penn Chronobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cynthia T Hsu
- Penn Chronobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Julie A Williams
- Penn Chronobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel Cavanaugh
- Penn Chronobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Biology, Loyola University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xiangzhong Zheng
- Penn Chronobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Bloomington Stock Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Carly Stein
- Penn Chronobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paula Haynes
- Penn Chronobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Han Wang
- Penn Chronobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; School of Law, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David H Gutmann
- Penn Chronobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Amita Sehgal
- Penn Chronobiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Brosseau JP, Pichard DC, Legius EH, Wolkenstein P, Lavker RM, Blakeley JO, Riccardi VM, Verma SK, Brownell I, Le LQ. The biology of cutaneous neurofibromas: Consensus recommendations for setting research priorities. Neurology 2019; 91:S14-S20. [PMID: 29987131 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000005788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A group of experts in dermatology, genetics, neuroscience, and regenerative medicine collaborated to summarize current knowledge on the defined factors contributing to cutaneous neurofibroma (cNF) development and to provide consensus recommendations for future research priorities to gain an improved understanding of the biology of cNF. METHODS The group members reviewed published and unpublished data on cNF and related diseases via literature search, defined a set of key topic areas deemed critical in cNF pathogenesis, and developed recommendations in a series of consensus meetings. RESULTS Five specific topic areas were identified as being relevant to providing an enhanced understanding of the biology of cNF: (1) defining the human cells of origin; (2) understanding the role of the microenvironment, focusing on neurons, mast cells, and fibroblasts; (3) defining the genetic and molecular differences between the cNFs, focusing on size and number; (4) understanding if sex hormones are critical for cNF development or progression; and (5) identifying challenges in establishing in vitro and in vivo models representing human cNF. CONCLUSIONS The complexity of cNF biology stems from its heterogeneity at multiple levels including genetic, spatial involvement, temporal development, and cellular composition. We propose a unified working model for cNF that builds a framework to address the key questions about cNF that, when answered, will provide the necessary understanding of cNF biology to allow meaningful development of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Brosseau
- From the Department of Dermatology (J.P.B., L.Q.L.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Dermatology Branch (D.C.P., I.B.), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Human Genetics Department (E.H.L.), University of Leuven, Belgium; Division Cancer Immunity Transplantation Infections (P.W.), Paris Est Créteil University, France; Department of Dermatology (R.M.L.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (J.O.B., S.K.V.), The Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and The NF Institute (V.M.R.), La Crescenta, CA
| | - Dominique C Pichard
- From the Department of Dermatology (J.P.B., L.Q.L.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Dermatology Branch (D.C.P., I.B.), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Human Genetics Department (E.H.L.), University of Leuven, Belgium; Division Cancer Immunity Transplantation Infections (P.W.), Paris Est Créteil University, France; Department of Dermatology (R.M.L.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (J.O.B., S.K.V.), The Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and The NF Institute (V.M.R.), La Crescenta, CA
| | - Eric H Legius
- From the Department of Dermatology (J.P.B., L.Q.L.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Dermatology Branch (D.C.P., I.B.), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Human Genetics Department (E.H.L.), University of Leuven, Belgium; Division Cancer Immunity Transplantation Infections (P.W.), Paris Est Créteil University, France; Department of Dermatology (R.M.L.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (J.O.B., S.K.V.), The Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and The NF Institute (V.M.R.), La Crescenta, CA
| | - Pierre Wolkenstein
- From the Department of Dermatology (J.P.B., L.Q.L.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Dermatology Branch (D.C.P., I.B.), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Human Genetics Department (E.H.L.), University of Leuven, Belgium; Division Cancer Immunity Transplantation Infections (P.W.), Paris Est Créteil University, France; Department of Dermatology (R.M.L.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (J.O.B., S.K.V.), The Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and The NF Institute (V.M.R.), La Crescenta, CA
| | - Robert M Lavker
- From the Department of Dermatology (J.P.B., L.Q.L.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Dermatology Branch (D.C.P., I.B.), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Human Genetics Department (E.H.L.), University of Leuven, Belgium; Division Cancer Immunity Transplantation Infections (P.W.), Paris Est Créteil University, France; Department of Dermatology (R.M.L.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (J.O.B., S.K.V.), The Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and The NF Institute (V.M.R.), La Crescenta, CA
| | - Jaishri O Blakeley
- From the Department of Dermatology (J.P.B., L.Q.L.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Dermatology Branch (D.C.P., I.B.), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Human Genetics Department (E.H.L.), University of Leuven, Belgium; Division Cancer Immunity Transplantation Infections (P.W.), Paris Est Créteil University, France; Department of Dermatology (R.M.L.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (J.O.B., S.K.V.), The Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and The NF Institute (V.M.R.), La Crescenta, CA
| | - Vincent M Riccardi
- From the Department of Dermatology (J.P.B., L.Q.L.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Dermatology Branch (D.C.P., I.B.), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Human Genetics Department (E.H.L.), University of Leuven, Belgium; Division Cancer Immunity Transplantation Infections (P.W.), Paris Est Créteil University, France; Department of Dermatology (R.M.L.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (J.O.B., S.K.V.), The Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and The NF Institute (V.M.R.), La Crescenta, CA
| | - Sharad K Verma
- From the Department of Dermatology (J.P.B., L.Q.L.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Dermatology Branch (D.C.P., I.B.), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Human Genetics Department (E.H.L.), University of Leuven, Belgium; Division Cancer Immunity Transplantation Infections (P.W.), Paris Est Créteil University, France; Department of Dermatology (R.M.L.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (J.O.B., S.K.V.), The Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and The NF Institute (V.M.R.), La Crescenta, CA
| | - Isaac Brownell
- From the Department of Dermatology (J.P.B., L.Q.L.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Dermatology Branch (D.C.P., I.B.), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Human Genetics Department (E.H.L.), University of Leuven, Belgium; Division Cancer Immunity Transplantation Infections (P.W.), Paris Est Créteil University, France; Department of Dermatology (R.M.L.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (J.O.B., S.K.V.), The Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and The NF Institute (V.M.R.), La Crescenta, CA
| | - Lu Q Le
- From the Department of Dermatology (J.P.B., L.Q.L.), UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Dermatology Branch (D.C.P., I.B.), Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Human Genetics Department (E.H.L.), University of Leuven, Belgium; Division Cancer Immunity Transplantation Infections (P.W.), Paris Est Créteil University, France; Department of Dermatology (R.M.L.), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (J.O.B., S.K.V.), The Neurofibromatosis Therapeutic Acceleration Program, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; and The NF Institute (V.M.R.), La Crescenta, CA.
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Wang DS, Liu ZX, Lu YX, Bao H, Wu X, Zeng ZL, Liu Z, Zhao Q, He CY, Lu JH, Wang ZQ, Qiu MZ, Wang F, Wang FH, Li YH, Wang XN, Xie D, Jia WH, Shao YW, Xu RH. Liquid biopsies to track trastuzumab resistance in metastatic HER2-positive gastric cancer. Gut 2019; 68:1152-1161. [PMID: 30269082 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-316522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To monitor trastuzumab resistance and determine the underlying mechanisms for the limited response rate and rapid emergence of resistance of HER2+ metastatic gastric cancer (mGC). DESIGN Targeted sequencing of 416 clinically relevant genes was performed in 78 paired plasma and tissue biopsy samples to determine plasma-tissue concordance. Then, we performed longitudinal analyses of 97 serial plasma samples collected from 24 patients who were HER2+ to track the resistance during trastuzumab treatment and validated the identified candidate resistance genes. RESULTS The results from targeted sequencing-based detection of somatic copy number alterations (SCNA) of HER2 gene were highly consistent with fluorescence in situ hybridisation data, and the detected HER2 SCNA was better than plasma carcinoembryonic antigen levels at predicting tumour shrinkage and progression. Furthermore, most patients with innate trastuzumab resistance presented high HER2 SCNA during progression compared with baseline, while HER2 SCNA decreased in patients with acquired resistance. PIK3CA mutations were significantly enriched in patients with innate resistance, and ERBB2/4 genes were the most mutated genes, accounting for trastuzumab resistance in six (35.3%) and five (29.4%) patients in baseline and progression plasma, respectively. Patients with PIK3CA/R1/C3 or ERBB2/4 mutations in the baseline plasma had significantly worse progression-free survival. Additionally, mutations in NF1 contributed to trastuzumab resistance, which was further confirmed through in vitro and in vivo studies, while combined HER2 and MEK/ERK blockade overcame trastuzumab resistance. CONCLUSION Longitudinal circulating tumour DNA sequencing provides novel insights into gene alterations underlying trastuzumab resistance in HER2+mGC.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Shen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Bao
- Translational Medicine Research Institute, Geneseeq Technology Inc., Toronto, Canada
| | - Xue Wu
- Translational Medicine Research Institute, Geneseeq Technology Inc., Toronto, Canada
| | - Zhao-Lei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zekun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai-Yun He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Huan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao-Zhen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Dan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang W Shao
- Translational Medicine Research Institute, Geneseeq Technology Inc., Toronto, Canada.,School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui-Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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The Impact of PI3-kinase/RAS Pathway Cooperating Mutations in the Evolution of KMT2A-rearranged Leukemia. Hemasphere 2019; 3:e195. [PMID: 31723831 PMCID: PMC6746018 DOI: 10.1097/hs9.0000000000000195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is an evolutionary disease and evolves by the accrual of mutations within a clone. Those mutations that are systematically found in all the patients affected by a certain leukemia are called "drivers" as they are necessary to drive the development of leukemia. Those ones that accumulate over time but are different from patient to patient and, therefore, are not essential for leukemia development are called "passengers." The first studies highlighting a potential cooperating role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/RAS pathway mutations in the phenotype of KMT2A-rearranged leukemia was published 20 years ago. The recent development in more sensitive sequencing technologies has contributed to clarify the contribution of these mutations to the evolution of KMT2A-rearranged leukemia and suggested that these mutations might confer clonal fitness and enhance the evolvability of KMT2A-leukemic cells. This is of particular interest since this pathway can be targeted offering potential novel therapeutic strategies to KMT2A-leukemic patients. This review summarizes the recent progress on our understanding of the role of PI3K/RAS pathway mutations in initiation, maintenance, and relapse of KMT2A-rearranged leukemia.
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30
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O'Mara TA, Glubb DM, Kho PF, Thompson DJ, Spurdle AB. Genome-Wide Association Studies of Endometrial Cancer: Latest Developments and Future Directions. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2019; 28:1095-1102. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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31
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Wang Y, Yu M, Yang JX, Cao DY, Zhang Y, Zhou HM, Yuan Z, Shen K. Genomic Comparison of Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinoma and Its Precancerous Lesions in Chinese Patients by High-Depth Next Generation Sequencing. Front Oncol 2019; 9:123. [PMID: 30886832 PMCID: PMC6410638 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN), also known as endometrial atypical hyperplasia (EAH) is believed to be the precursor lesion of endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC). Many genetic factors play important roles in the process of carcinogenesis, however, the key genetic alterations from dysplasia to endometrial cancer remains poorly understood. Germline mutations in Lynch syndrome genes are associated with hereditary endometrial carcinoma. The role of other cancer susceptibility genes is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the genomic alterations of premalignant endometrial lesion and EEC, and to determine the prevalence of cancer predisposition gene mutations in an unselected endometrial carcinoma patient cohort. Here, we applied a comprehensive cancer gene panel (363 cancer-related genes) to capture the exomes of cancer-related genes. Samples were collected from 79 patients with EEC and 36 patients with EIN. Our results demonstrate that EIN harbors most of the driver events reported in EEC and for the first time we reported a high frequency of the amplification of VEGFB gene in endometrial cancer. Moreover, we identified four novel candidate cancer-associated genes (CTCF, ARHGAP35, NF1, and KDR) which may be crucial in the carcinogenesis of EEC. In addition, we identified 2 patients who had a deleterious germline mutation in Lynch syndrome genes (MLH1 and MLH2), and another 8 patients harbored germline mutations of 6 non-Lynch syndrome genes (MUTYH, GALNT12, POLE, MPL, ATM, and ERCC4) which may be associated with endometrial cancer. Larger series will have to be investigated to assess the risks and the proportion of endometrial cancers attributable to other genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Xin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Yan Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Mei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Keng Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Phenotypic expression of a spectrum of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) mutations identified through NGS and MLPA. J Neurol Sci 2018; 395:95-105. [PMID: 30308447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is caused by mutations of the NF1 gene. The aim of this study was to identify the genetic causes underlying the disease, attempt possible phenotype/genotype correlations and add to the NF1 mutation spectrum. A screening protocol based on genomic DNA was established in 168 patients, encompassing sequencing of all coding exons and adjoining introns using a custom targeted next generation sequencing protocol and subsequent confirmation of findings with Sanger sequencing. MLPA was used to detect deletions/duplications and positive findings were confirmed by RNA analysis. All novel findings were evaluated according to ACMG Standards and guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants with the aid of in-silico bioinformatic tools and family segregation analysis. A germline variant was identified in 145 patients (86%). In total 49 known and 70 novel variants in coding and non-coding regions were identified. Seven patients carried whole or partial gene deletions. NF1 patients, present with high phenotypic variability even in cases where the same germline disease causing variant has been identified. Our findings will contribute to a better knowledge of the genetic causes and the phenotypic expression related to the disease.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article presents an up-to-date summary of the genetic etiology, diagnostic criteria, clinical features, and current management recommendations for the most common neurocutaneous disorders encountered in clinical adult and pediatric neurology practices. RECENT FINDINGS The phakomatoses are a phenotypically and genetically diverse group of multisystem disorders that primarily affect the skin and central nervous system. A greater understanding of the genetic and biological underpinnings of numerous neurocutaneous disorders has led to better clinical characterization, more refined diagnostic criteria, and improved treatments in neurofibromatosis type 1, Legius syndrome, neurofibromatosis type 2, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, tuberous sclerosis complex, Sturge-Weber syndrome, and incontinentia pigmenti. SUMMARY Neurologists require a basic knowledge of and familiarity with a wide variety of neurocutaneous disorders because of the frequent involvement of the central and peripheral nervous systems. A simple routine skin examination can often open a broad differential diagnosis and lead to improved patient care.
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O'Mara TA, Glubb DM, Amant F, Annibali D, Ashton K, Attia J, Auer PL, Beckmann MW, Black A, Bolla MK, Brauch H, Brenner H, Brinton L, Buchanan DD, Burwinkel B, Chang-Claude J, Chanock SJ, Chen C, Chen MM, Cheng THT, Clarke CL, Clendenning M, Cook LS, Couch FJ, Cox A, Crous-Bous M, Czene K, Day F, Dennis J, Depreeuw J, Doherty JA, Dörk T, Dowdy SC, Dürst M, Ekici AB, Fasching PA, Fridley BL, Friedenreich CM, Fritschi L, Fung J, García-Closas M, Gaudet MM, Giles GG, Goode EL, Gorman M, Haiman CA, Hall P, Hankison SE, Healey CS, Hein A, Hillemanns P, Hodgson S, Hoivik EA, Holliday EG, Hopper JL, Hunter DJ, Jones A, Krakstad C, Kristensen VN, Lambrechts D, Marchand LL, Liang X, Lindblom A, Lissowska J, Long J, Lu L, Magliocco AM, Martin L, McEvoy M, Meindl A, Michailidou K, Milne RL, Mints M, Montgomery GW, Nassir R, Olsson H, Orlow I, Otton G, Palles C, Perry JRB, Peto J, Pooler L, Prescott J, Proietto T, Rebbeck TR, Risch HA, Rogers PAW, Rübner M, Runnebaum I, Sacerdote C, Sarto GE, Schumacher F, Scott RJ, Setiawan VW, Shah M, Sheng X, Shu XO, Southey MC, Swerdlow AJ, Tham E, Trovik J, Turman C, Tyrer JP, Vachon C, VanDen Berg D, Vanderstichele A, Wang Z, Webb PM, Wentzensen N, Werner HMJ, Winham SJ, Wolk A, Xia L, Xiang YB, Yang HP, Yu H, Zheng W, Pharoah PDP, Dunning AM, Kraft P, De Vivo I, Tomlinson I, Easton DF, Spurdle AB, Thompson DJ. Identification of nine new susceptibility loci for endometrial cancer. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3166. [PMID: 30093612 PMCID: PMC6085317 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05427-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer of the female reproductive tract in developed countries. Through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we have previously identified eight risk loci for endometrial cancer. Here, we present an expanded meta-analysis of 12,906 endometrial cancer cases and 108,979 controls (including new genotype data for 5624 cases) and identify nine novel genome-wide significant loci, including a locus on 12q24.12 previously identified by meta-GWAS of endometrial and colorectal cancer. At five loci, expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analyses identify candidate causal genes; risk alleles at two of these loci associate with decreased expression of genes, which encode negative regulators of oncogenic signal transduction proteins (SH2B3 (12q24.12) and NF1 (17q11.2)). In summary, this study has doubled the number of known endometrial cancer risk loci and revealed candidate causal genes for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy A O'Mara
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, QLD, Australia.
| | - Dylan M Glubb
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Frederic Amant
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Daniela Annibali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Katie Ashton
- John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, 2305, NSW, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Centre for Information Based Medicine, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Discipline of Medical Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - John Attia
- John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, 2305, NSW, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine and Public Health, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul L Auer
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, 98109, WA, USA
- University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Zilber School of Public Health, Milwaukee, 53205, WI, USA
| | - Matthias W Beckmann
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center ER-EMN, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Amanda Black
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Manjeet K Bolla
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Hiltrud Brauch
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart, 70376, Germany
- University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 72074, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Louise Brinton
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Daniel D Buchanan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia
- Genetic Medicine and Family Cancer Clinic, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, 3010, VIC, Australia
- Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Parkville, 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Barbara Burwinkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- Molecular Epidemiology Group, C080, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Cancer Epidemiology, University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH), Hamburg, 20246, Germany
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Epidemiology Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, 98109, WA, USA
| | - Maxine M Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Timothy H T Cheng
- University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Christine L Clarke
- University of Sydney, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, 2145, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark Clendenning
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia
- Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne Centre for Cancer Research, Parkville, 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - Linda S Cook
- University of New Mexico, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, 87131, NM, USA
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, T2N 4N2, AB, Canada
| | - Fergus J Couch
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | - Angela Cox
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids (SInFoNiA), Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Marta Crous-Bous
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Kamila Czene
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 65, Sweden
| | - Felix Day
- University of Cambridge, MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Joe Dennis
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Jeroen Depreeuw
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- VIB, Vesalius Research Center, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Jennifer Anne Doherty
- Cancer Research Huntsman Cancer Institute Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84112, UT, USA
| | - Thilo Dörk
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Sean C Dowdy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | - Matthias Dürst
- Department of Gynaecology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Arif B Ekici
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Peter A Fasching
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center ER-EMN, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
- Department of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA
| | - Brooke L Fridley
- Department of Biostatistics, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, 66160, KS, USA
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, T2N 4N2, AB, Canada
| | - Lin Fritschi
- Curtin University, School of Public Health, Perth, 6102, WA, Australia
| | - Jenny Fung
- University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Brisbane, 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Montserrat García-Closas
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
- Institute of Cancer Research, Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, London, SM2 5NG, UK
| | - Mia M Gaudet
- American Cancer Society, Epidemiology Research Program, Atlanta, 30303, GA, USA
| | - Graham G Giles
- The University of Melbourne, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, 3004, VIC, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, 3004, VIC, Australia
| | - Ellen L Goode
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Division of Epidemiology, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | - Maggie Gorman
- University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Christopher A Haiman
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA
| | - Per Hall
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 65, Sweden
- Department of Oncology, South General Hospital, Stockholm, 118 83, Sweden
| | - Susan E Hankison
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, 01003, MA, USA
| | - Catherine S Healey
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Alexander Hein
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center ER-EMN, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Peter Hillemanns
- Gynaecology Research Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Shirley Hodgson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St George's, University of London, London, SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Erling A Hoivik
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Bergen, 5020, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway
| | - Elizabeth G Holliday
- John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, 2305, NSW, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine and Public Health, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - John L Hopper
- The University of Melbourne, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia
| | - David J Hunter
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Angela Jones
- University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Bergen, 5020, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Radiumhospitalet, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo, 0379, Norway
- University of Oslo, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, 0450, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0450, Norway
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
- VIB, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Loic Le Marchand
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, 96813, HI, USA
| | - Xiaolin Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| | - Annika Lindblom
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center-Oncology Institute, Warsaw, 02-034, Poland
| | - Jirong Long
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, 37232, TN, USA
| | - Lingeng Lu
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, 06510, CT, USA
| | - Anthony M Magliocco
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, 33612, FL, USA
| | - Lynn Martin
- University of Birmingham, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mark McEvoy
- University of Newcastle, Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine and Public Health, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - Alfons Meindl
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ludwig-Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, 80336, Germany
| | - Kyriaki Michailidou
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Electron Microscopy/Molecular Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Roger L Milne
- The University of Melbourne, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, 3004, VIC, Australia
| | - Miriam Mints
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
| | - Grant W Montgomery
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, QLD, Australia
- University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Brisbane, 4072, QLD, Australia
| | - Rami Nassir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, 95817, CA, USA
| | - Håkan Olsson
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, 222 42, Sweden
| | - Irene Orlow
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, 10065, NY, USA
| | - Geoffrey Otton
- University of Newcastle, School of Medicine and Public Health, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - Claire Palles
- University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - John R B Perry
- University of Cambridge, MRC Epidemiology Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Julian Peto
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Loreall Pooler
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Prescott
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Tony Proietto
- University of Newcastle, School of Medicine and Public Health, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - Timothy R Rebbeck
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Harvey A Risch
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, 06510, CT, USA
| | - Peter A W Rogers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Royal Women's Hospital, Gynaecology Research Centre, Parkville, 3052, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthias Rübner
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Ingo Runnebaum
- Department of Gynaecology, Jena University Hospital - Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO-Peimonte), Turin, 10126, Italy
- Human Genetics Foundation (HuGeF), Turino, 10126, Italy
| | - Gloria E Sarto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, 53715, WI, USA
| | - Fredrick Schumacher
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, 44106, OH, USA
| | - Rodney J Scott
- John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, 2305, NSW, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Centre for Information Based Medicine, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Discipline of Medical Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
- John Hunter Hospital, Division of Molecular Medicine, Pathology North, Newcastle, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - V Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA
| | - Mitul Shah
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Xin Sheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, 37232, TN, USA
| | - Melissa C Southey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3010, VIC, Australia
- Monash University, Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Clayton, 3168, VIC, Australia
| | - Anthony J Swerdlow
- Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SM2 5NG, UK
- Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW7 3RP, UK
| | - Emma Tham
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
- Karolinska Institutet, Clinical Genetics, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden
| | - Jone Trovik
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Bergen, 5020, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway
| | - Constance Turman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan P Tyrer
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Celine Vachon
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | - David VanDen Berg
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA
| | - Adriaan Vanderstichele
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospitals Leuven, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, 3000, Belgium
| | - Zhaoming Wang
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Penelope M Webb
- Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Henrica M J Werner
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Bergen, 5020, Norway
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, 5021, Norway
| | - Stacey J Winham
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Rochester, 55905, MN, USA
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Division of Nutritional Epidemiology, Stockholm, 171 77, Sweden
| | - Lucy Xia
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, 90033, CA, USA
| | - Yong-Bing Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogene and Related Genes, Shanghai, China
| | - Hannah P Yang
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA
| | - Herbert Yu
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, 96813, HI, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, 37232, TN, USA
| | - Paul D P Pharoah
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Alison M Dunning
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, 02115, MA, USA
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- University of Oxford, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics and Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
- University of Birmingham, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Douglas F Easton
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK
| | - Amanda B Spurdle
- Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, QLD, Australia.
| | - Deborah J Thompson
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Cambridge, CB1 8RN, UK.
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Harigai R, Sakai S, Nobusue H, Hirose C, Sampetrean O, Minami N, Hata Y, Kasama T, Hirose T, Takenouchi T, Kosaki K, Kishi K, Saya H, Arima Y. Tranilast inhibits the expression of genes related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis in neurofibromin-deficient cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6069. [PMID: 29666462 PMCID: PMC5904101 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24484-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is caused by germline mutations in the NF1 gene and is characterized by café au lait spots and benign tumours known as neurofibromas. NF1 encodes the tumour suppressor protein neurofibromin, which negatively regulates the small GTPase Ras, with the constitutive activation of Ras signalling resulting from NF1 mutations being thought to underlie neurofibroma development. We previously showed that knockdown of neurofibromin triggers epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signalling and that such signalling is activated in NF1-associated neurofibromas. With the use of a cell-based drug screening assay, we have now identified the antiallergy drug tranilast (N-(3,4-dimethoxycinnamoyl) anthranilic acid) as an inhibitor of EMT and found that it attenuated the expression of mesenchymal markers and angiogenesis-related genes in NF1-mutated sNF96.2 cells and in neurofibroma cells from NF1 patients. Tranilast also suppressed the proliferation of neurofibromin-deficient cells in vitro more effectively than it did that of intact cells. In addition, tranilast inhibited sNF96.2 cell migration and proliferation in vivo. Knockdown of type III collagen (COL3A1) also suppressed the proliferation of neurofibroma cells, whereas expression of COL3A1 and SOX2 was increased in tranilast-resistant cells, suggesting that COL3A1 and the transcription factor SOX2 might contribute to the development of tranilast resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritsuko Harigai
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shigeki Sakai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nobusue
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Chikako Hirose
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Oltea Sampetrean
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Noriaki Minami
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yukie Hata
- Department of Biomedical Research & Development, Link Genomics Inc, Tokyo, 103-0024, Japan
| | - Takashi Kasama
- Department of Biomedical Research & Development, Link Genomics Inc, Tokyo, 103-0024, Japan
| | - Takanori Hirose
- Department of Pathology for Regional Communication, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takenouchi
- Department of Paediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kishi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Arima
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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36
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Kawasaki K, Fujii M, Sato T. Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms: genes, therapies and models. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:11/2/dmm029595. [PMID: 29590641 PMCID: PMC5894937 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.029595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) refer to a group of heterogeneous cancers of neuroendocrine cell phenotype that mainly fall into one of two subtypes: gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs; well differentiated) or gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas (GEP-NECs; poorly differentiated). Although originally defined as orphan cancers, their steadily increasing incidence highlights the need to better understand their etiology. Accumulating epidemiological and clinical data have shed light on the pathological characteristics of these diseases. However, the relatively low number of patients has hampered conducting large-scale clinical trials and hence the development of novel treatment strategies. To overcome this limitation, tractable disease models that faithfully reflect clinical features of these diseases are needed. In this Review, we summarize the current understanding of the genetics and biology of these diseases based on conventional disease models, such as genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) and cell lines, and discuss the phenotypic differences between the models and affected humans. We also highlight the emerging disease models derived from human clinical samples, including patient-derived xenograft models and organoids, which may provide biological and therapeutic insights into GEP-NENs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Kawasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujii
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.,Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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37
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Reimer A, He Y, Has C. Update on Genetic Conditions Affecting the Skin and the Kidneys. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:43. [PMID: 29552546 PMCID: PMC5840143 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic conditions affecting the skin and kidney are clinically and genetically heterogeneous, and target molecular components present in both organs. The molecular pathology involves defects of cell-matrix adhesion, metabolic or signaling pathways, as well as tumor suppressor genes. This article gives a clinically oriented overview of this group of disorders, highlighting entities which have been recently described, as well as the progress made in understanding well-known entities. The genetic bases as well as molecular cell biological mechanisms are described, with therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Reimer
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Berta-Ottenstein-Programme, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yinghong He
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cristina Has
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Lipoamide Inhibits NF1 Deficiency-induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Murine Schwann Cells. Arch Med Res 2017; 48:498-505. [PMID: 29198560 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is one of the most common neurocutaneous syndromes characterized by development of adult neurofibromas which is mainly made up of Schwann cells. The disease is generally accepted to be caused by inactivation mutation of Nf1 gene. And Nf1 deficiency had been reported to lead to ROS overproduction and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype. This study was designed to investigate whether excessive ROS conferred to Nf1 deficiency-induced EMT in Schwann cells. METHODS Colony formation, wound healing assay and transwell assay was used to evaluate the effects of stable Nf1 knockdown in SW10 Schwann cells. Western blot and ROS assay was conducted to explore the molecular mechanisms of Nf1 inactivation in tumorigenesis. Animal experiments were performed to assess the inhibitory effects of lipoamide, which is the neutral amide of α-lipoic acid and functions as a potent antioxidant to scavenge ROS, on Nf1-deficiency tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS Nf1 knockdown enhanced the cellular capacities of proliferation, migration and invasion, promoted ROS generation, decreased the expression of epithelial surface marker E-cadherin, and up-regulated several EMT-associated molecules in Schwann cells. Moreover, lipoamide dose-dependently inhibited not only Nf1 deficiency-induced EMT but also spontaneous EMT. Furthermore, lipoamide markedly suppresses tumor growth in a mouse model of NF1-associated neurofibroma. CONCLUSIONS Our results clearly reveal that ROS overproduction is responsible for Nf1 deficiency-induced EMT and plays a crucial role in NF1 tumor growth. The findings presented herein shed light on the potential of antioxidant therapy to prevent the progression of NF1-associated neurofibroma.
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39
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Zhang C, Chang FY, Zhou WY, Yang JL. The prognostic value of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 in patients with sporadic malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2017; 36:80. [PMID: 29020982 PMCID: PMC5637246 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-017-0246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies indicate that C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and its ligand, C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), stimulate expression of the cell cycle regulatory protein Cyclin D1 in neurofibromatosis 1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells and promote their proliferation. In this study, we measured the expression of CXCR4, CXCL12, and Cyclin D1 proteins in sporadic MPNST tissues from Chinese patients and investigated their prognostic values. METHODS CXCR4, CXCL12, and Cyclin D1 protein expression in samples from 58 Chinese patients with sporadic MPNST was assessed with immunohistochemical staining. Their prognostic values were evaluated with Kaplan-Meier analysis and a log-rank test. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent prognostic factors. RESULTS High expression of CXCR4, CXCL12, and Cyclin D1 was observed in 19 (32.8%), 32 (55.2%), and 16 (27.6%) samples, respectively. CXCR4 expression was positively correlated with CXCL12 expression (r = 0.334, P = 0.010) and Cyclin D1 expression (r = 0.309, P = 0.018). Patients with high CXCR4 expression showed longer overall survival than those with low CXCR4 expression (χ2 = 4.642, P = 0.031). CONCLUSION High CXCR4 expression may define a specific subtype of sporadic MPNST with favorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Yuan Chang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Ya Zhou
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Long Yang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 30060, P. R. China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, P. R. China.
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Sheikh TN, Patwardhan PP, Cremers S, Schwartz GK. Targeted inhibition of glutaminase as a potential new approach for the treatment of NF1 associated soft tissue malignancies. Oncotarget 2017; 8:94054-94068. [PMID: 29212209 PMCID: PMC5706855 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Many cancer cells rely on glutamine as the source of carbon molecules to feed the biosynthetic pathways and are often addicted to glutaminolysis. Inhibitors of glutaminase activity have gained attention in the last few years due to their anti-proliferative effect and ability to induce apoptosis in some cancers. Although it is a promising therapeutic approach, its efficacy or the role played by glutamine in modulating cell proliferation in NF1 associated tumors has never been studied. We report for the first time, a strong correlation between the NF1 status of tumor cells and increased sensitivity to glutamine deprivation and glutaminase inhibition. Soft-tissue cell lines null for NF1 were highly dependent on glutamine for proliferation and showed decreased mTORC1 and Ras activity in response to glutaminase inhibition. Re-addition of glutamine or intermediary metabolite such as glutamate to the media restored mTORC1 and Ras activity. SiRNA mediated NF1 knockdown in wild-type NF1 cell line shows increased sensitivity to glutaminase inhibition. Conversely, NF1 overexpression in NF1 null cell lines results in reduced sensitivity to glutaminase inhibition, and restores mTORC1 signaling and Ras activity. These findings provide new insights into the role played by glutamine metabolism in NF1 associated tumors and strongly warrant further investigation as a potential therapy in the NF1 disease setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir N Sheikh
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Serge Cremers
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gary K Schwartz
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Hematology/Oncology, Columbia University College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Hakozaki Y, Sameshima S, Tatsuoka T, Okuyama T, Yamagata Y, Noie T, Oya M, Fujii A, Ueda Y, Shimura C, Katagiri K. Rectal carcinoma and multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) of the small intestine in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1: a case report. World J Surg Oncol 2017; 15:160. [PMID: 28835241 PMCID: PMC5569513 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-017-1231-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomally dominant inherited disorder characterized by multiple pigmented skin spots (café-au-lait spots) and neurofibroma. NF1 is associated with a wide variety of benign or malignant tumors. We report a NF1 patient who received surgical treatment for rectal carcinoma and multifocal small intestinal gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Case presentation A 70-year-old female patient with NF1 was referred to our hospital after a positive fecal occult blood test. Locally advanced rectal carcinoma was detected in the upper rectum using colonoscopy. A submucosal tumor 20 mm in diameter was detected in the duodenal bulb during the upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The biopsy specimen from the duodenum was GIST with positive immunostaining of KIT and CD34 microscopically. Laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal carcinoma and local excision of the duodenal GIST were performed successfully. During the operation, five white small nodules were found on the serosa of the jejunum. One nodule was excised for histological examination. The resected rectal tumor was a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma with multiple lymph nodes metastases according to the histology. The duodenal tumor was found to be low-risk GIST. Moreover, the nodule from the jejunum was very low risk GIST. An excised skin wart was neurofibroma according to the histology. Conclusions GIST or carcinomas have been reported to occasionally occur in the digestive tract of the patients with NF1. We present a rare case of a NF1 patient with GISTs and colorectal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhei Hakozaki
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, 2-1-50, Minami Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sameshima
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, 2-1-50, Minami Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan.
| | - Teppei Tatsuoka
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, 2-1-50, Minami Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Okuyama
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, 2-1-50, Minami Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Yukinori Yamagata
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, 2-1-50, Minami Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Tamaki Noie
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, 2-1-50, Minami Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Oya
- Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, 2-1-50, Minami Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Akiko Fujii
- Department of Pathology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, 2-1-50, Minami Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Ueda
- Department of Pathology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, 2-1-50, Minami Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Chieko Shimura
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, 2-1-50, Minami Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
| | - Kazumoto Katagiri
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, 2-1-50, Minami Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan
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42
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Burgoyne AM, De Siena M, Alkhuziem M, Tang CM, Medina B, Fanta PT, Belinsky MG, von Mehren M, Thorson JA, Madlensky L, Bowler T, D'Angelo F, Stupack DG, Harismendy O, DeMatteo RP, Sicklick JK. Duodenal-Jejunal Flexure GI Stromal Tumor Frequently Heralds Somatic NF1 and Notch Pathway Mutations. JCO Precis Oncol 2017; 2017. [PMID: 29938249 DOI: 10.1200/po.17.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose GI stromal tumors (GISTs) are commonly associated with somatic mutations in KIT and PDGFRA. However, a subset arises from mutations in NF1, most commonly associated with neurofibromatosis type 1. We define the anatomic distribution of NF1 alterations in GIST. Methods We describe the demographic/clinicopathologic features of 177 patients from two institutions whose GISTs underwent next-generation sequencing of ≥315 cancer-related genes. Results We initially identified six (9.7%) of 62 GISTs with NF1 genomic alterations from the first cohort. Of these six patients, five (83.3%) had unifocal tumors at the duodenal-jejunal flexure (DJF). Two additional patients with DJF GISTs had non-NF1 (KIT and BRAF) genomic alterations. After excluding one DJF GIST with an NF1 single nucleotide polymorphism, four (57.1%) of seven sequenced DJF tumors demonstrated deleterious NF1 alterations, whereas only one (1.8%) of 55 sequenced non-DJF GISTs had a deleterious NF1 somatic mutation (P < .001). One patient with DJF GIST had a germline NF1 variant that was associated with incomplete penetrance of clinical neurofibromatosis type 1 features along with a somatic NF1 mutation. Of the five DJF GISTs with any NF1 alteration, three (60%) had KIT mutations, and three (60%) had Notch pathway mutations (NOTCH2, MAML2, CDC73). We validated these findings in a second cohort of 115 GISTs, where two (40%) of five unifocal NF1-mutated GISTs arose at the DJF, and one of these also had a Notch pathway mutation (EP300). Conclusion Broad genomic profiling of adult GISTs has revealed that NF1 alterations are enriched in DJF GISTs. These tumors also may harbor concurrent activating KIT and/or inactivating Notch pathway mutations. In some cases, germline NF1 genetic testing may be appropriate for patients with DJF GISTs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina De Siena
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; Sapienza e Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Paul T Fanta
- University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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Jonas RK, Roh E, Montojo CA, Pacheco LA, Rosser T, Silva AJ, Bearden CE. Risky Decision Making in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: An Exploratory Study. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2017; 2:170-179. [PMID: 28736755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a monogenic disorder affecting cognitive function. About one third of children with NF1 have attentional disorders, and the cognitive phenotype is characterized by impairment in prefrontally-mediated functions. Mouse models of NF1 show irregularities in GABA release and striatal dopamine metabolism. We hypothesized that youth with NF1 would show abnormal behavior and neural activity on a task of risk-taking reliant on prefrontal-striatal circuits. METHODS Youth with NF1 (N=29) and demographically comparable healthy controls (N=22), ages 8-19, were administered a developmentally sensitive gambling task, in which they chose between low-risk gambles with a high probability of obtaining a small reward, and high-risk gambles with a low probability of obtaining a large reward. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate neural activity associated with risky decision making, as well as age-associated changes in these behavioral and neural processes. RESULTS Behaviorally, youth with NF1 tended to make fewer risky decisions than controls. Neuroimaging analyses revealed significantly reduced neural activity across multiple brain regions involved in higher-order semantic processing and motivation (i.e., anterior cingulate, paracingulate, supramarginal, and angular gyri) in patients with NF1 relative to controls during the task. We also observed atypical age-associated changes in neural activity in patients with NF1, such that during risk taking, neural activity tended to decrease with age in controls, whereas it tended to increase with age in patients with NF1. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that developmental trajectories of neural activity during risky decision-making may be disrupted in youth with NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Jonas
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California-Los Angeles
| | - EunJi Roh
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California-Los Angeles
| | - Caroline A Montojo
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California-Los Angeles
| | - Laura A Pacheco
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California-Los Angeles
| | - Tena Rosser
- Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Alcino J Silva
- Departments of Neurobiology, Psychology, Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, Integrative Center for Learning and Memory and Brain Research Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California-Los Angeles
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Ulusal SD, Gürkan H, Atlı E, Özal SA, Çiftdemir M, Tozkır H, Karal Y, Güçlü H, Eker D, Görker I. Genetic Analyses of the NF1 Gene in Turkish Neurofibromatosis Type I Patients and Definition of three Novel Variants. Balkan J Med Genet 2017; 20:13-20. [PMID: 28924536 PMCID: PMC5596817 DOI: 10.1515/bjmg-2017-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis Type I (NF1) is a multi systemic autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder predisposing patients to have benign and/or malignant lesions predominantly of the skin, nervous system and bone. Loss of function mutations or deletions of the NF1 gene is responsible for NF1 disease. Involvement of various pathogenic variants, the size of the gene and presence of pseudogenes makes it difficult to analyze. We aimed to report the results of 2 years of multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and next generation sequencing (NGS) for genetic diagnosis of NF1 applied at our genetic diagnosis center. The MLPA, semiconductor sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed in genomic DNA samples from 24 unrelated patients and their affected family members referred to our center suspected of having NF1. In total, three novel and 12 known pathogenic variants and a whole gene deletion were determined. We suggest that next generation sequencing is a practical tool for genetic analysis of NF1. Deletion/duplication analysis with MLPA may also be helpful for patients clinically diagnosed to carry NF1 but do not have a detectable mutation in NGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Ulusal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - H Gürkan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - E Atlı
- Department of Medical Genetics, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - S A Özal
- Department of Opthalmology, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - M Çiftdemir
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - H Tozkır
- Department of Medical Genetics, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Y Karal
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - H Güçlü
- Department of Opthalmology, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - D Eker
- Department of Medical Genetics, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - I Görker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
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Venugopal R, Bavle RM, Konda P, Muniswamappa S, Makarla S. Familial Cancers of Head and Neck Region. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZE01-ZE06. [PMID: 28764308 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/25920.9967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancers that occur in families more often than would be expected by chance are termed as familial cancers. They occur due to an inherited genetic mutation and account for 5%-10% of all cancers. This review article presents some of the common Familial Cancer Syndromes (FCS) such as MEN 2B, hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumour syndrome, familial oral squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, paraganglioma, neurofibroma and other syndromes associated with head and neck region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Venugopal
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Pathology, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Radhika Manoj Bavle
- Professor and Head, Department of Oral Pathology, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Paremala Konda
- Reader, Department of Oral Pathology, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudhakara Muniswamappa
- Reader, Department of Oral Pathology, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Soumya Makarla
- Reader, Department of Oral Pathology, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is the most commonly inherited autosomal dominant disorder in humans. NF1 patients have increased risk for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). A Meckel's diverticulum (MD) represents a persistent embryonic omphalomesenteric duct characterized as a true diverticulum located near the ileocecal valve. We report a unique clinical case whereby a patient with NF1 developed a GIST within a MD. CASE An adolescent male with NF1 presented with persistent lower abdominal pain. Clinical evaluation demonstrated a large pelvic mass. In the operating room, the mass was noted to emerge from a MD. Final pathology demonstrated a GIST with negative margins and CD117 positivity. DISCUSSION Patients with NF1 are at increased risk for mesenchymal tumors including malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. GISTs are the most important and frequent non-neurological malignancy in NF1 and develop in ∼7% of NF1 patients. GISTs tend to be multifocal in NF1; however, they rarely occur within a Meckel's diverticula. CONCLUSIONS Our case represents a rare case of a patient with NF1 who developed a symptomatic GIST within a MD. We recommend utilizing laparoscopy to determine resectability and clarify the diagnosis in this unique patient population who are at risk for multiple neoplasms.
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Friedrich RE, Baumann J, Suling A, Scheuer HT, Scheuer HA. Sella turcica measurements on lateral cephalograms of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1. GMS INTERDISCIPLINARY PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY DGPW 2017; 6:Doc05. [PMID: 28401031 PMCID: PMC5366813 DOI: 10.3205/iprs000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to measure line segments and areas of sella turcica on lateral cephalograms with respect to the clinical diagnosis of facial phenotype of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Special attention was given to correlate the measured values with certain tumour types that are typical for this disease. Material and methods: Lateral cephalograms of 194 individuals were investigated. Patients with NF1 were further divided according to the detection and topography of facial plexiform neurofibromas (PNF) taking into account the distribution pattern of the trigeminal nerve. All patients with PNF showed unilateral tumour localisation. Patients without any facial PNF constituted a separate group. Healthy volunteers with ideal occlusion and no history of any intervention in the maxillofacial region served as a control group. The following items were determined on the radiographs: sella entrance, sella width, sella depths, sella diagonal, and sella area. Results: Patients with PNF of the first and second trigeminal nerve branch or affected in all branches showed highly statistically significant enlarged sella tucica measurement values. On the other hand, patients with PNF restricted to one branch only or simultaneously in the second and third branches showed measurement values that were not different to those obtained in NF1 patients devoid of facial PNF. The latter group also showed no difference of sella turcica parameters obtained in the control group. Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the association of a certain NF1 phenotype with distinct skeletal alterations of the skull base, shown here using the example of the representation of the sella turcica in the lateral radiograph. These findings are also relevant in the discussion of NF1 as a disease of bones and in the assessment of brain development in NF1. Both items are discussed in relationship to a facial plexiform neurofibroma. Furthermore, the knowledge of this association of findings provides the clinician with relevant information in the planning of skull base procedures in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard E Friedrich
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Baumann
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anna Suling
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannah T Scheuer
- Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna A Scheuer
- Department of Orthodontics, Eppendorf University Hospital, University of Hamburg, Germany
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Way GP, Allaway RJ, Bouley SJ, Fadul CE, Sanchez Y, Greene CS. A machine learning classifier trained on cancer transcriptomes detects NF1 inactivation signal in glioblastoma. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:127. [PMID: 28166733 PMCID: PMC5292791 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have identified molecules that exhibit synthetic lethality in cells with loss of the neurofibromin 1 (NF1) tumor suppressor gene. However, recognizing tumors that have inactivation of the NF1 tumor suppressor function is challenging because the loss may occur via mechanisms that do not involve mutation of the genomic locus. Degradation of the NF1 protein, independent of NF1 mutation status, phenocopies inactivating mutations to drive tumors in human glioma cell lines. NF1 inactivation may alter the transcriptional landscape of a tumor and allow a machine learning classifier to detect which tumors will benefit from synthetic lethal molecules. RESULTS We developed a strategy to predict tumors with low NF1 activity and hence tumors that may respond to treatments that target cells lacking NF1. Using RNAseq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we trained an ensemble of 500 logistic regression classifiers that integrates mutation status with whole transcriptomes to predict NF1 inactivation in glioblastoma (GBM). On TCGA data, the classifier detected NF1 mutated tumors (test set area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) mean = 0.77, 95% quantile = 0.53 - 0.95) over 50 random initializations. On RNA-Seq data transformed into the space of gene expression microarrays, this method produced a classifier with similar performance (test set AUROC mean = 0.77, 95% quantile = 0.53 - 0.96). We applied our ensemble classifier trained on the transformed TCGA data to a microarray validation set of 12 samples with matched RNA and NF1 protein-level measurements. The classifier's NF1 score was associated with NF1 protein concentration in these samples. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that TCGA can be used to train accurate predictors of NF1 inactivation in GBM. The ensemble classifier performed well for samples with very high or very low NF1 protein concentrations but had mixed performance in samples with intermediate NF1 concentrations. Nevertheless, high-performing and validated predictors have the potential to be paired with targeted therapies and personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory P. Way
- Genomics and Computational Biology Graduate Program, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, 10-131 SCTR 34th and Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Robert J. Allaway
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, HB 7650, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - Stephanie J. Bouley
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, HB 7650, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
| | - Camilo E. Fadul
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Yolanda Sanchez
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, HB 7650, Hanover, NH 03755 USA
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH USA
| | - Casey S. Greene
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, 10-131 SCTR 34th and Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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Semenova G, Stepanova DS, Deyev SM, Chernoff J. Medium throughput biochemical compound screening identifies novel agents for pharmacotherapy of neurofibromatosis type 1. Biochimie 2017; 135:1-5. [PMID: 28065690 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The variable manifestation of phenotypes that occur in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) includes benign and malignant neurocutaneous tumors for which no adequate treatment exists. Cell-based screening of known bioactive compounds library identified the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inhibitor Cantharidin and the L-type calcium channel blocker Nifedipine as potential candidates for NF1 pharmacotherapy. Validation of screening results using human NF1-associated malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) cells showed that Cantharidin effectively impeded MPNST cell growth, while Nifedipine treatment significantly decreased local tumor growth in an MPNST xenograft animal model. These data suggest that inhibitors of PP2A, as well as calcium channel blockers, might be used in broader MPNST preclinical studies as single agents or in combinatorial therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Semenova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Dina S Stepanova
- Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sergey M Deyev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Jonathan Chernoff
- Cancer Biology Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Breast cancer in neurofibromatosis type 1: overrepresentation of unfavourable prognostic factors. Br J Cancer 2016; 116:211-217. [PMID: 27931045 PMCID: PMC5243991 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: An increased breast cancer incidence and poor survival have been reported for women with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1). To explain the poor survival, we aimed to link the histopathology and clinical characteristics of NF1-associated breast cancers. Methods: The Finnish Cancer Registry and the Finnish NF Registry were cross-referenced to identify the NF1 patients with breast cancer. Archival NF1 breast cancer specimens were retrieved for histopathological typing and compared with matched controls. Results: A total of 32 breast cancers were diagnosed in 1404 NF1 patients during the follow-up. Women with NF1 had an estimated lifetime risk of 18.0% for breast cancer, and this is nearly two-fold compared with that of the general Finnish female population (9.74%). The 26 successfully retrieved archival NF1 breast tumours were more often associated with unfavourable prognostic factors, such as oestrogen and progesterone receptor negativity and HER2 amplification. However, survival was worse in the NF1 group (P=0.053) even when compared with the control group matched for age, diagnosis year, gender and oestrogen receptor status. Scrutiny of The Cancer Genome Atlas data set showed that NF1 mutations and deletions were associated with similar characteristics in the breast cancers of the general population. Conclusions: These results emphasise the role of the NF1 gene in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and a need for active follow-up for breast cancer in women with NF1.
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