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Chipoco Haro DA, Barrera L, Iriawan H, Herzog A, Tian N, Medford AJ, Shao-Horn Y, Alamgir FM, Hatzell MC. Electrocatalysts for Inorganic and Organic Waste Nitrogen Conversion. ACS Catal 2024; 14:9752-9775. [PMID: 38988657 PMCID: PMC11232026 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.4c01398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities have disrupted the natural nitrogen cycle, increasing the level of nitrogen contaminants in water. Nitrogen contaminants are harmful to humans and the environment. This motivates research on advanced and decarbonized treatment technologies that are capable of removing or valorizing nitrogen waste found in water. In this context, the electrocatalytic conversion of inorganic- and organic-based nitrogen compounds has emerged as an important approach that is capable of upconverting waste nitrogen into valuable compounds. This approach differs from state-of-the-art wastewater treatment, which primarily converts inorganic nitrogen to dinitrogen, and organic nitrogen is sent to landfills. Here, we review recent efforts related to electrocatalytic conversion of inorganic- and organic-based nitrogen waste. Specifically, we detail the role that electrocatalyst design (alloys, defects, morphology, and faceting) plays in the promotion of high-activity and high-selectivity electrocatalysts. We also discuss the impact of wastewater constituents. Finally, we discuss the critical product analyses required to ensure that the reported performance is accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danae A Chipoco Haro
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, North Avenue 771 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Luisa Barrera
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 770 Ferst Ave, Atlanta, Georgia 30309, United States
| | - Haldrian Iriawan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Antonia Herzog
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nianhan Tian
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Andrew J Medford
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yang Shao-Horn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Faisal M Alamgir
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, North Avenue 771 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Marta C Hatzell
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 770 Ferst Ave, Atlanta, Georgia 30309, United States
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2
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Wang Y, Ji Z, Pei Y. Highly selective electrochemical reduction of nitrate via CoO/Ir-nickel foam cathode to treat wastewater with a low C/N ratio. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 463:132813. [PMID: 37918076 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Thorough nitrate removal from reclaimed water by biological techniques without carbon sources is difficult. Flexible, controllable electrochemical nitrate reduction is widely researched. Herein, ultrathin CoO nanosheets were constructed through amino group induction and orientation. The interfacial electron transfer resistance of two-dimensional CoO was 43.4% lower than that of one-dimensional nanoparticles, resulting in higher current density and improved nitrate reduction efficiency. Nickel foam and IrO2-nickel foam electrodes have almost no effect on nitrate reduction. It is worth noting that iridium loading on CoO (nanosheet) regulated the electronic band structure and generated active atomic H* . The nitrate removal rate increased from 45.1% (CoO (nanoparticle)-nickle foam) and 63.8% (CoO (nanosheet)-nickle foam) to 94.64% (CoO/Ir10 wt%-nickle foam). The proton enhancement effect improved indirect nitrate reduction by atomic H* and increased the NO3--N removal rate to 99.8%. Active chlorine species generated by Cl- in the wastewater selectively converted more than 99% of nitrate to N2, exceeding previous Co-based cathode results. In situ DEMS indicated that electrochemical reduction of nitrate included deoxidation (NO3-→*NO2-→*NO→*N/*N2O→N2) and hydrogenation (*NH2→*NH3→NH4+). The NO3--N removal rate of CoO/Ir10 wt% exceeded 65% during treatment of wastewater treatment plant effluents, verifying the feasibility of electrochemical nitrate reduction with the CoO/Ir10 wt% cathode. A strategy for designing electrochemical nitrate reduction electrocatalysts with excellent potential for full-scale application to treat wastewater treatment plant effluent is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youke Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zehua Ji
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuansheng Pei
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing 100875, China.
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3
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Vievard J, Alem A, Pantet A, Ahfir ND, Arellano-Sánchez MG, Devouge-Boyer C, Mignot M. Bio-Based Adsorption as Ecofriendly Method for Wastewater Decontamination: A Review. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050404. [PMID: 37235220 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Intense human activities have for years contributed to the pollution of the environment by many dangerous pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. There are many conventional methods used to control pollution, with practical and/or financial drawbacks. Therefore, in recent years, an innovative, easy-to-implement and inexpensive adsorption method has been developed to recover waste and clean up water from micropollutants. Firstly, this article aims to summarize the issues related to water remediation and to understand the advantages and disadvantages of the methods classically used to purify water. In particular, this review aims to provide a recent update of the bio-based adsorbents and their use. Differently from the majority of the reviews related to wastewater treatment, in this article several classes of pollutants are considered. Then, a discussion about the adsorption process and interactions involved is provided. Finally, perspectives are suggested about the future work to be done in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Vievard
- University Le Havre Normandie, UNIHAVRE, UMR 6294 CNRS, LOMC, 76600 Le Havre, France
- University Rouen Normandie, UNIROUEN, COBRA UMR CNRS 6014, INSA, Avenue de l'Université, 76800 Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, France
| | - Abdellah Alem
- University Le Havre Normandie, UNIHAVRE, UMR 6294 CNRS, LOMC, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Anne Pantet
- University Le Havre Normandie, UNIHAVRE, UMR 6294 CNRS, LOMC, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Nasre-Dine Ahfir
- University Le Havre Normandie, UNIHAVRE, UMR 6294 CNRS, LOMC, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - Mónica Gisel Arellano-Sánchez
- University Rouen Normandie, UNIROUEN, COBRA UMR CNRS 6014, INSA, Avenue de l'Université, 76800 Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, France
| | - Christine Devouge-Boyer
- University Rouen Normandie, UNIROUEN, COBRA UMR CNRS 6014, INSA, Avenue de l'Université, 76800 Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, France
| | - Mélanie Mignot
- University Rouen Normandie, UNIROUEN, COBRA UMR CNRS 6014, INSA, Avenue de l'Université, 76800 Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, France
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4
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Qin J, Liu N, Wei Y, Lu Y, Huang Y, Zhao Q, Ye Z. The mechanism of efficient photoreduction nitrate over anatase TiO 2 in simulated sunlight. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135921. [PMID: 35932913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Revealing the activation mechanism of nitrate (NO3-) reduction is crucially important to design high-efficiency photocatalysts for NO3- removal. In this work, the performance of photoreduction NO3- has been thoroughly studied over different crystalline phases TiO2. Photodegradation rate of NO3- over anatase TiO2 is found to be higher than that of rutile TiO2 at simulated sunlight, which can achieve high NO3- conversion of 94% and 100% nitrogen selectivity (original concentration of 50 mg/L NO3--N) at reaction time of 4 h. With the aid of in situ Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the possible reaction paths of photoreduction NO3- over anatase TiO2 was verified from theory and practice sides. NO3- was adsorbed on surface Ti site to form bridging nitrate (M - O)2NO model. Then, monodentate nitrite (M-O-N-O) model was the dominant intermediate in the reduction process of NO3-. This study presents a new opinion of photoreduction NO3- reaction paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangzhou Qin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Nengsheng Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yi Wei
- China State Construction Engineering Corporation Aecom Consultant Co., Ltd., Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yanyu Lu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yiping Huang
- Bureau of Soil and Water Conservation, Qin'an, Gansu, 741600, China
| | - Quanlin Zhao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Zhengfang Ye
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Rapid and effective nitrate reduction over wide pH range using CuxO-CNT with the presence of KBH4: The role of in situ produced hydrogen and zero-valent copper. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Liu X, Wang Y, Smith RL, Liu L, Qi X. Synthesis of self-renewing Fe(0)-dispersed ordered mesoporous carbon for electrocatalytic reduction of nitrates to nitrogen. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155640. [PMID: 35513147 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In electrocatalytic reduction of nitrates to nitrogen, key issues are electrode activity, sustainable materials, preparation methods and cost. Herein, lignin, Fe3+ ion, and non-ionic surfactant were combined with evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) to prepare zero-valent Fe-dispersed ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) electrode materials denoted as Fe#OMC. The method developed for preparing Fe-coordinated OMC material avoids the use of toxic phenols, aldehyde reagents and metal doping compounds. When synthesized Fe#OMC samples were applied as electrode materials for the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate in aqueous solutions, maximum nitrate nitrogen removal was as high as 5373 mg N·g-1 Fe from aqueous solutions containing 400 mg·L-1 NO3--N, while nitrogen selectivity was close to 100%, exceeding catalytic performance of comparable materials. Active hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water during the reaction re-reduced Fe ions formed in the OMC material and stabilized Fe#OMC electrode performance and recycle. The Fe#OMC electrode is self-renewing with respect to its Fe zero-valent state, is simple to prepare from sustainable materials and is effective for electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate or nitrogen-containing compounds in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38, Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yicong Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38, Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Richard L Smith
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aza Aoba 6-6-11, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Le Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38, Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resource Utilization, Nankai University, No. 38, Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xinhua Qi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38, Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resource Utilization, Nankai University, No. 38, Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China.
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Loganathan P, Kandasamy J, Jamil S, Ratnaweera H, Vigneswaran S. Ozonation/adsorption hybrid treatment system for improved removal of natural organic matter and organic micropollutants from water - A mini review and future perspectives. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:133961. [PMID: 35157882 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Elevated concentrations of natural organic matter (NOM) and organic micropollutants (OMPs) can contaminate the quality of drinking water, and current water treatment technologies are not always successful in removing all their constituents. Ozonation and adsorption are two advanced processes with different removal mechanisms used to treat NOM and OMPs. Their treatment efficiency depends on the strength and kinetics of adsorption and ozonation (ozone molecule and OH radical (OH•) reaction) of the individual NOM constituents and OMPs. They are individually able to remove many of the NOM fractions and OMPs but not satisfactory in removing the vast array of their components which differ in their physico-chemical characteristics, for example molecular weight, charge, functional groups, aromaticity, and hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity. Significant progress has been made by integrating these processes (ozonation followed by activated carbon (AC) adsorption) but they need further improvement to efficiently target all NOM fractions and the various OMPs. Ozonation transforms the larger NOM molecules into smaller molecular sizes with lower aromaticity and hydrophobicity, subsequently resulting in reduced adsorption. The reduced adsorption of these molecules diminishes their competition against OMP adsorption resulting in increased OMP removal. Adsorption can remove unoxidized pollutants as well as the by-products of ozonation, and some of them are suspected to be human carcinogens. Of the commonly used adsorbents, anion exchange resin and AC, the former has higher affinity towards negatively charged humic fraction and OMPs. Conversely, the latter has higher affinity towards the hydrophobic constituents and smaller sized constituents which diffuse into AC pores and get adsorbed. Biofilm formed by long-term use of AC also contributes to enhanced removal of NOM and OMPs. This paper briefly reviews the currently available literature on removing NOM and OMPs by the ozonation/adsorption integrated process. It also suggests a new method for further increasing the efficiency of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paripurnanda Loganathan
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2127, Australia.
| | - Jaya Kandasamy
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2127, Australia.
| | - Shahzad Jamil
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2127, Australia.
| | - Harsha Ratnaweera
- Faculty of Sciences & Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box N-1432, Ås, Norway.
| | - Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2127, Australia; Faculty of Sciences & Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box N-1432, Ås, Norway.
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8
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Tan X, Wang X, Zhou T, Chen T, Liu Y, Ma C, Guo H, Li B. Preparation of three dimensional bimetallic Cu-Ni/NiF electrodes for efficient electrochemical removal of nitrate nitrogen. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 295:133929. [PMID: 35149017 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It still remains a hotspot and great challenge to efficiently remove the nitrate nitrogen from high salt wastewater. Herein, a novel three dimensional porous bimetallic copper-nickel alloy electrode was fabricated with Ni foam (NiF) as substrate. The physicochemical and electrochemical characterization results showed Cu-Ni/NiF electrode possessed the smaller particle size (0.3-1.0 μm) and electrode film resistance comparing with Ni/NiF and Cu/NiF electrodes. Besides, higher double layer capacitance (Cdl) for Cu-Ni/NiF electrode indicated more electrochemical active sites could be used in the electrochemical nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) removal. The electrochemical experiments showed the Cu-Ni/NiF electrode had the optimal NO3--N reduction ability and almost 100% NO3--N removal could be achieved with 30 min. All NO3--N removal processes were in accord with the pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics completely. The gaseous nitrogen selectivity for Cu-Ni/NiF electrode could reach 80.9% within 300 min. Stability assessment experiments indicated the Cu-Ni/NiF electrode all kept an excellent stability with Na2SO4 or NaCl electrolyte and the Cl- addition could significantly improve the gaseous nitrogen selectivity. Finally, a possible removal mechanism of NO3--N was proposed. This work offered a direction for designing non-noble bimetallic electrodes for nitrate removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Tan
- Dalian (Fushun) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemical, Sinopec Corp, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Dalian, 116045, China.
| | - Xueqing Wang
- Dalian (Fushun) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemical, Sinopec Corp, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Dalian, 116045, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Dalian (Fushun) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemical, Sinopec Corp, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Dalian, 116045, China
| | - Tianzuo Chen
- Dalian (Fushun) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemical, Sinopec Corp, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Dalian, 116045, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Dalian (Fushun) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemical, Sinopec Corp, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Dalian, 116045, China
| | - Chuanjun Ma
- Dalian (Fushun) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemical, Sinopec Corp, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Dalian, 116045, China
| | - Hongshan Guo
- Dalian (Fushun) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemical, Sinopec Corp, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Dalian, 116045, China
| | - Baozhong Li
- Dalian (Fushun) Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemical, Sinopec Corp, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, Dalian, 116045, China
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Teng Y, Song G, Chen R, Zhang X, Sun Y, Wu H, Liu B, Xu Y. Carboxymethyl β-cyclodextrin immobilized on hydrated lanthanum oxide for simultaneous adsorption of nitrate and phosphate. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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10
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Truong DQ, Loganathan P, Tran LM, Vu DL, Nguyen TV, Vigneswaran S, Naidu G. Removing ammonium from contaminated water using Purolite C100E: batch, column, and household filter studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:16959-16972. [PMID: 34655380 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16945-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium removal from drinking water to protect human and environmental health is one of the major global concerns. This study evaluates the performance of Purolite C100E, a commercial cation exchange resin, in eliminating ammonium in synthetic and real contaminated groundwater. The results demonstrate that the pH operation range of the resin for better ammonium removal is 3 to 8. Lower ammonium removal at low and high pH occurred due to competition from H+ and loss of ammonium as ammonia gas, respectively. Equilibrium data of ammonium removal fitted both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models with the maximum Langmuir ion exchange capacities for initial ammonium concentrations of 10-200 mg/L and 50-2000 mg/L, reaching 18.37 mg/g and 40.16 mg/g, respectively. The presence of co-ions in the water reduced the ammonium removal efficiencies slightly (< 12%) in the order Mg2+ > Ca2+ > K+. The higher affinity of ammonium to adsorbent is due to its lower hydrated ionic radius and H-bonding. The maximum exchange capacity in the fluidized bed studies of the original Purolite C100E (bed height 27 cm, resin weight 75 g, initial ammonium concentration 17.4 mg/L, filtration velocity 0.5 m/h) was 10.48 mg/g. It progressively reduced slightly after three regeneration cycles to 8.79 mg/g. The column breakthrough data satisfactorily fitted the Thomas model. A household filter cartridge packed with 4 kg Purolite C100E (80 cm height) and operated at a filtration velocity of 1.9 m/h in Vietnam successfully reduced the initial 6 mg NH4+/L in groundwater (after sand filter pre-treatment) to well below the Vietnam drinking water standard (3 mg/L-QCVN 01:2009/BYT) continuously for 1 week, suggesting that such a filter can be adopted in rural areas to successfully remove ammonium from groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Quyet Truong
- Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Le Minh Tran
- School of Environmental Science and Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology (HUST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc Loi Vu
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tien Vinh Nguyen
- Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia.
| | | | - Gayathri Naidu
- Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia
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11
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De La Fuente MJ, Gallardo-Bustos C, De la Iglesia R, Vargas IT. Microbial Electrochemical Technologies for Sustainable Nitrogen Removal in Marine and Coastal Environments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19042411. [PMID: 35206599 PMCID: PMC8875524 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19042411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
For many years, the world’s coastal marine ecosystems have received industrial waste with high nitrogen concentrations, generating the eutrophication of these ecosystems. Different physicochemical-biological technologies have been developed to remove the nitrogen present in wastewater. However, conventional technologies have high operating costs and excessive production of brines or sludge which compromise the sustainability of the treatment. Microbial electrochemical technologies (METs) have begun to gain attention due to their cost-efficiency in removing nitrogen and organic matter using the metabolic capacity of microorganisms. This article combines a critical review of the environmental problems associated with the discharge of the excess nitrogen and the biological processes involved in its biogeochemical cycle; with a comparative analysis of conventional treatment technologies and METs especially designed for nitrogen removal. Finally, current METs limitations and perspectives as a sustainable nitrogen treatment alternative and efficient microbial enrichment techniques are included.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José De La Fuente
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (M.J.D.L.F.); (C.G.B.)
- Marine Energy Research & Innovation Center (MERIC), Santiago 7550268, Chile;
| | - Carlos Gallardo-Bustos
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (M.J.D.L.F.); (C.G.B.)
- Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Rodrigo De la Iglesia
- Marine Energy Research & Innovation Center (MERIC), Santiago 7550268, Chile;
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Ignacio T. Vargas
- Departamento de Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile; (M.J.D.L.F.); (C.G.B.)
- Marine Energy Research & Innovation Center (MERIC), Santiago 7550268, Chile;
- Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable (CEDEUS), Santiago 7820436, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-2-2354-4218
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12
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Electrochemical study of iron deposit in acid media for its recovery from spent pickling baths regeneration. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Xu L, Ali A, Su J, Huang T, Wang Z, Yang Y. Denitrification potential of sodium alginate gel beads immobilized iron-carbon, Zoogloea sp. L2, and riboflavin: Performance optimization and mechanism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 336:125326. [PMID: 34052544 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A kind of gel beads loaded with iron-carbon powder (Fe-C), Zoogloea sp. L2, and riboflavin (VB2) were prepared through cross-linking of sodium alginate (SA) to establish an immobilized bioreactor. The optimal ratio of SA beads was adjusted by orthogonal experiment. The change of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) and the concentration of Fe2+ and Fe3+ showed that the addition of VB2 as a redox mediator can promote denitrification. Under the optimal conditions (carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio = 2.0, pH = 7.0, and hydraulic retention time (HRT) = 8 h), the nitrate removal efficiency (NRE) of bioreactor reached 98.48% (1.99 mg L-1h-1). Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and gas chromatography (GC) analysis revealed that the immobilization and denitrification of the immobilized bioreactor were excellent. High throughput sequencing also showed that Zoogloea played a vital role in nitrate removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Junfeng Su
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Tingling Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yuzhu Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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14
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Modified Grape Seeds: A Promising Alternative for Nitrate Removal from Water. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14174791. [PMID: 34500880 PMCID: PMC8432480 DOI: 10.3390/ma14174791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate grape seeds as a potential adsorbent for nitrate removal from water. Grape seeds were modified by quaternization and the applicability of the modified grape seeds (MGS) was evaluated in batch adsorption experiments. Fixed bed adsorption and regeneration studies were carried out to determine the regeneration capacity of MGS. The maximum adsorption capacity of 25.626 mg g−1 at native pH (6.3) for nitrate removal by MSG was comparable to that of the commercial anion exchange resin Relite A490 under similar conditions. The percent removal of nitrate from model nitrate solution was 86.47% and 93.25% for MGS, and Relite A490, respectively, and in synthetic wastewater 57.54% and 78.37%. Analysis of the batch adsorption data using isotherm models revealed that the Freundlich model provided a better fit to the data obtained than the Langmuir model, indicating multilayer adsorption. In kinetic terms, the results showed that the adsorption followed the pseudo-first order model. By investigating the adsorption mechanism, the results suggest that the intraparticle diffusion model was not the only process controlling the adsorption of nitrate on MGS. In column experiments (adsorption/desorption studies), three adsorption cycles were tested with minimal decrease in adsorption capacities, implying that this alternative adsorbent can be successfully regenerated and reused.
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15
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Ding W, Wan X, Zheng H, Wu Y, Muhammad S. Sulfite-assisted oxidation/adsorption coupled with a TiO 2 supported CuO composite for rapid arsenic removal: Performance and mechanistic studies. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 413:125449. [PMID: 33611039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the lower toxicity and mobility of inorganic As(V), the oxidative removal of As(III) is deemed as the optimal approach for arsenic elimination from water. Herein, a synthetic TiO2-supported CuO material (Cu-TiO2) was coupled with sulfite (S(IV)) to remove As(III) at neutral pH. The combined process coupled oxidation with adsorption (i.e., As(III) removal by Cu-TiO2/S(IV)) was superior than a divided preoxidation-adsorption process (i.e., As(V) removal by Cu-TiO2) for arsenic removal. Attractively, low concentration of As(III) (50-300 μg L-1) could be completely removed by Cu-TiO2 (0.25 g L-1)/S(IV) (0.5 mM) within 60 min. Mechanism investigations revealed that the efficient As(III) removal was attributed to the continuous oxysulfur radicals (SOx•-) oxidation and Cu-TiO2 adsorption. The surface-adsorbed and free sulfate radicals (SO4•-) were further identified as the crucial oxidizing species. The Cu-TiO2 played the dual roles as a catalyst for S(IV) activation and an absorbent for arsenic immobility. The influence of operating parameters (i.e., As(III) concentration and sulfite dosage) and water chemistry (i.e., pH, inorganic anions, dissolved organic matters, and temperature) on As(III) removal were systematically investigated and optimized. Overall, the proposed process has potential application prospects in rehabilitating the As(III)-polluted water environment using industrial waste sulfite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ding
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xinyuan Wan
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
| | - Yuyang Wu
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Salam Muhammad
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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16
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Chabalala MB, Al-Abri MZ, Mamba BB, Nxumalo EN. Mechanistic aspects for the enhanced adsorption of bromophenol blue and atrazine over cyclodextrin modified polyacrylonitrile nanofiber membranes. Chem Eng Res Des 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Nguyen TT, Tran VAK, Tran LB, Phan PT, Nguyen MT, Bach LG, Padungthon S, Ta CK, Nguyen NH. Synthesis of cation exchange resin-supported iron and magnesium oxides/hydroxides composite for nitrate removal in water. Chin J Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Valenca R, Le H, Zu Y, Dittrich TM, Tsang DCW, Datta R, Sarkar D, Mohanty SK. Nitrate removal uncertainty in stormwater control measures: Is the design or climate a culprit? WATER RESEARCH 2021; 190:116781. [PMID: 33401102 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is caused by excess nitrate and other nutrient exported via stormwater runoff to surface waters, which is projected to increase as a result of climate change. Despite recent increases in the implementation of stormwater control measures (SCM), nutrient export has not abated, indicating poor or inconsistent removal capacities of SCM for nitrate. However, the cause of the variability is unclear. We show that both design and local climate can explain nitrate removal variability by critically analyzing data reported on the international BMP database for nitrate removal by four common types of SCM: bioretention cells, grass swales, media filters, and retention ponds. The relative importance of climate or design on nitrate removal depends on the SCM type. Nitrate removal in grass swales and bioretention systems is more sensitive to local climate than design specifications, whereas nitrate removal in the retention ponds is less sensitive to climate and more sensitive to design features such as vegetation and pond volume. Media filters without amendment have the least capacity compared to other SCM types surveyed, and their removal capacity was independent of the local climate. Adding amendments made up of carbon biomass, iron-based media, or a mixture of these amendments can significantly improve nitrate removal. The type of carbon biomass is also a factor since biochar does not appear to affect nitrate removal. This analysis can help inform the selection of SCM and modification of their design based on local and projected climate to maximize nitrate removal and minimize eutrophication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Valenca
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Huong Le
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yeyang Zu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy M Dittrich
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Rupali Datta
- Department of Biological Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, USA.
| | - Dibyendu Sarkar
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Ocean Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, USA.
| | - Sanjay K Mohanty
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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19
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Aliaskari M, Schäfer AI. Nitrate, arsenic and fluoride removal by electrodialysis from brackish groundwater. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 190:116683. [PMID: 33373946 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate, arsenic and fluoride are some of the most hazardous elements contaminating groundwater resources. In this work, the impact of operative (flowrate, electricpotential) and water quality (salinity, contaminant feed concentration, pH) parameters on brackish water decontamination was investigated using a batch electrodialysis (ED) system. Electrodialysis at low electric potentials (5 V) was more selective toward monovalent ions, at higher potentials (>15 V) removal of all ions increased and selectivity approached one, meaning removal of all ions. Changing the flowrate from 30 to 70 L/h, increased nitrate and fluoride removal slightly, while arsenic(V) removal was maximum at 50 L/h. Rising salinity delayed removal of ions with low ionic mobility and diffusivity (i.e. fluoride, arsenic(V)). Increased feed concentration of contaminants had no impact on removal values. pH variations did not impact the nitrate, fluoride and salinity removal, yet arsenic(V) removal was greatly pH dependent. This was explained in part by lower diffusivity and higher hydration number of bi- and trivalent species of arsenic(V) at basic pH. The results of this work showed the significance of ionic characteristics (diffusivity, ionic mobility, hydration number) in ED. Nitrate concentrations satisfied guideline threshold in all experiments with concentrations below 50 mg/L. Lowest arsenic(V) concentration was 35 µg/L at the highest electric potential, 25 V. Using ionic characteristics makes separation of different ions possible, providing new opportunities for ED in environmentally friendly processes (e.g. resource recovery and zero liquid discharge).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Aliaskari
- Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology (IAMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andrea I Schäfer
- Institute for Advanced Membrane Technology (IAMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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20
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Zhou C, Bai J, Zhang Y, Li J, Li Z, Jiang P, Fang F, Zhou M, Mei X, Zhou B. Novel 3D Pd-Cu(OH) 2/CF cathode for rapid reduction of nitrate-N and simultaneous total nitrogen removal from wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 401:123232. [PMID: 32653780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Removal of NO3- is a challenging problem in wastewater treatment. Electrocatalysis shows a great potential to remove NO3- but selectively converting NO3- to N2 is facing a low efficiency. Here, a novel 3D Pd-Cu(OH)2/CF cathode based electrocatalytic (EC) system was proposed that can rapidly and selectively convert NO3- to NH4+, and further convert to N2 simultaneously. The special designs for the system include: Cu(OH)2 nanowires were firstly grown on copper foam (CF) with excellent conductivity that features high specific surface area in enhancing NO3- absorption and conversion to NO2-. Then, palladium (Pd) with a superior photons activation capacity was doped on the Cu(OH)2 nanowires to promote the reduction of NO2- to NH4+. Then NH4+ was quickly oxidized into N2 by active chlorine. Finally, total nitrogen (TN) could easily be removed completely via above exhaustive cycle reactions. The 3D Pd-Cu(OH)2/CF cathode exhibits a 98.8 % conversion of NO3- to NH4+ in 45 min with the reported highest removal rate of 0.017 cm-2 min-1, which is 19.4 times higher than that of CF. The converted NH4+ was finally exhaustively oxidized to N2 with a 98.7 % of TN removal in 60 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhui Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Jing Bai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Jinhua Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China.
| | - Zhijing Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Panyu Jiang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Fei Fang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Mengyang Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Mei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Baoxue Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 200240, PR China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Management of Plateau Lake-Watershed, Yunnan 650034, PR China.
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21
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Development of triaminotriazine functionalized graphene oxide capped chitosan porous composite beads for nutrients remediation towards water purification. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 170:13-23. [PMID: 33333098 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The porous, definite and nitrogen rich triaminotriazine (TAT) grafted graphene oxide (GO) known as TATGO composite was developed for nutrients (NO3- and PO43-) retention. Additionally, the structural property of TATGO composite was improved with the use of chitosan (CS) to produce easily separable TATGO@CS hybrid beads which possess the significant NO3- and PO43- adsorption capacities of 58.46 and 61.38 mg/g respectively than their individual materials. The instrumentations such as SEM, TGA, FTIR, EDAX, XRD and BET studies were executed for adsorbents. The optimization of the parameters accountable for adsorption process was performed in batch scale. The effect of isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R)), kinetics (pseudo-first/second order and particle/intraparticle diffusion) and thermodynamic parameters (ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS°) of the adsorption was explored. The removal mechanism of TATGO@CS hybrid beads was to be electrostatic attraction on NO3- and PO43-. The field applicability and reuse of TATGO@CS hybrid beads was also inspected.
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22
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Kamranifar M, Naghizadeh A, Masoudi F, Osmani F, Davoodi M, Nabavian MR. Nitrate removal from aqueous solutions by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles synthesized by co-precipitation method: isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2020; 82:2250-2258. [PMID: 33339781 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the nitrate adsorption by cobalt ferrite (CFO) nanoparticles. The adsorbent was synthesized by co-precipitation method and its structure was characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and vibrating-sample magnetometry. In batch adsorption studies, the effects of various parameters like pH (3-11), adsorbent dose (0.2-0.8 g/L), contact time (5-120 min), initial nitrate concentration (50-200 mg/L), and temperature (283-313 K) on the adsorption process were examined. The results of this study indicated that the maximum adsorption capacity was 107.8 mg/g (optimum condition pH = 3, adsorbent dosage: 0.2 g/L, nitrate concentration: 200 mg/L, contact time: 20 min and temperature: 313 K). The adsorption isotherm had a proper match with Langmuir (R2 = 0.99) and Freundlich (R2 = 0.99) models. The adsorption of nitrate by CFO followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The results of the thermodynamics of the nitrate adsorption process by CFO showed that all the values of Gibbs free energy change, enthalpy change and entropy change were positive. Therefore, this process was endothermic and non-spontaneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kamranifar
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran E-mail:
| | - Ali Naghizadeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran E-mail:
| | - Fatemehsadat Masoudi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Osmani
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Maryam Davoodi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nabavian
- Department of Environment Health Engineering, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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23
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Nguyen TTQ, Loganathan P, Nguyen TV, Vigneswaran S, Ngo HH. Iron and zirconium modified luffa fibre as an effective bioadsorbent to remove arsenic from drinking water. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 258:127370. [PMID: 32554019 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Porous luffa plant fibre (LF) was grafted with Fe and Zr, and the ability of the fabricated adsorbents to remove arsenate (As(V)) from water was investigated in batch and column adsorption experiments. The Langmuir adsorption capacity (mg g-1) at pH 7 of LF was found to be 0.035, which increased to 2.55 and 2.89 after being grafted with Fe (FLF-3) and Zr (ZLF-3), respectively. Grafting with Fe and Zr increased the zeta potential and zero point of charge (ZPC) of LF (from pH 3.9 to 7.4 for Fe grafting and to 7.6 for Zr grafting), due to chemical bonding of the metals, possibly with the hydroxyl and carboxylic groups in LF as indicated in FTIR peaks. Zeta potential and ZPC decreased after As adsorption owing to inner-sphere complexation mechanism of adsorption. The increase of pH from 3 to 10 progressively reduced the adsorbents' adsorption capacity. Co-existing anions weakened the As(V) removal efficiency in the order, PO43- > SiO32- > CO32- > SO42-. Adsorption kinetics data fitted well to the Weber and Morris model, which revealed initial fast and subsequent slow rates of intra-particle As diffusion into the bigger pores and smaller pores, respectively. Column adsorption data fitted well to the Thomas model with the predicted adsorption capacities in the same order as in the batch adsorption experiment (ZLF-3 > FLF-3 > LF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuc Quyen Nguyen
- Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Tien Vinh Nguyen
- Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia.
| | | | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia
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24
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Chen X, Zhang T, Kan M, Song D, Jia J, Zhao Y, Qian X. Binderless and Oxygen Vacancies Rich FeNi/Graphitized Mesoporous Carbon/Ni Foam for Electrocatalytic Reduction of Nitrate. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:13344-13353. [PMID: 32993297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Energy consumption and long-term stability of a cathode are two important aspects of great concern in electrocatalytic nitrate reduction. This work studied a binderless FeNi/graphitized mesoporous carbon directly formed on Ni Foam (FeNi/g-mesoC/NF, 7.3 wt % of Fe) and evaluated its electrocatalytic nitrate reduction performance. We proposed a unique structure model of FeNi/g-mesoC/NF cathode in which FeNi alloy nanoparticles were uniformly embedded in mesoporous carbon and graphitized carbon shells were coated on isolated alloy nanoparticles. Oxygen vacancies (OVs) in FeNi oxide passivating layer facilitate the conversion of NO3--N anions on cathode. Toxic NO2--N was almost undetected due to the synergetic effects of FeNi electrocatalysis, and the NO3--N conversion was high in comparation with ever reported iron-based cathode. The NO3--N conversion showed ultrahigh electrocatalytic stability during one-month-recycling test while the physiochemical properties showed negligible change for FeNi/g-mesoC/NF except the increase of OVs. The energy consumption to treat simulated underground water (50% of NO3--N conversion) was low (0.7 kWh mol-1) for 50 mg L-1 NO3--N. This binderless composite cathode shows great potential in electrocatalytic NO3--N removal in underground water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Miao Kan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dinggui Song
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jinping Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yixin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Xufang Qian
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Rd., Shanghai 200240, China
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25
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Roohi R, Hashemi SMB, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Kinetics and thermodynamic modelling of the aflatoxins decontamination: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Roohi
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering Fasa University Fasa Iran
| | | | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Faculty of Food Engineering, Department of Food Science University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas Sao Paulo Brazil
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26
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Labarca F, Bórquez R. Comparative study of nanofiltration and ion exchange for nitrate reduction in the presence of chloride and iron in groundwater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:137809. [PMID: 32213401 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Public concern on the groundwater contamination by nitrate has grown significantly in recent years. The objective of this study was to determine the appropriate treatment to reduce the nitrate content in the presence of other ions from groundwater, for which nanofiltration and ion exchange were evaluated. In nanofiltration, the effects of pressure, feed flow, initial composition, and performance were studied, in ion exchange the flow rate, initial composition, and resin regeneration process. Nanofiltration tests were carried out on four different commercial membranes: NF97, NF99, NF99H, and NF90. Among these, all membranes removed chloride but only NF97 and NF90 were able to remove nitrate in compliance with Chilean drinking water standard, showing rejections of 97% and 87%, respectively, in an optimum pressure range of 12-20 bar in which the NF90 produced 3.5 times more permeated water than NF97. For ion exchange tests, Purolite A520E resin was used, which decreased nitrate content to <1 mg/L. Results leading to the optimal flow within the exchange column indicated that residence time must be at least 2.1 min. The higher nitrate concentration in water did not lead to changes in the maximum resin capacity, 47.1 mg NO3-/g resin, but it did decrease the resin breakthrough capacity when initial concentration increased. Optimal regeneration was assigned to a 3% w/V NaCl solution and up-flow mode. Due to the ability to remove both nitrate and chloride, and being able to remove iron if necessary, nanofiltration was chosen as the appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Labarca
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Concepción, P. O Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Bórquez
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Concepción, P. O Box 160-C, Concepción, Chile..
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Li J, Dong S, Wang Y, Dou X, Hao H. Nitrate removal from aqueous solutions by magnetic cationic hydrogel: Effect of electrostatic adsorption and mechanism. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 91:177-188. [PMID: 32172966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Excessive nitrate (NO3-) is among the most problematic surface water and groundwater pollutants. In this study, a type of magnetic cationic hydrogel (MCH) is employed for NO3- adsorption and well characterized herein. Its adsorption capacity is considerably pH-dependent and achieves the optimal adsorption (maximum NO3--adsorption capacity is 95.88 ± 1.24 mg/g) when the pH level is 5.2-8.8. The fitting result using the homogeneous surface diffusion model indicates that the surface/film diffusion controls the adsorption rate, and NO3- approaches the center of MCH particles within 30 min. The diffusion coefficient (Ds) and external mass transfer coefficient (kF) in the liquid phase are 1.15 × 10-6 cm2/min and 4.5 × 10-6 cm/min, respectively. The MCH is employed to treat surface water that contains 10 mg/L of NO3-, and it is found that the optimal magnetic separation time is 1.6 min. The high-efficiency mass transfer and magnetic separation of MCH during the adsorption-regeneration process favors its application in surface water treatment. Furthermore, the study of the mechanism involved reveals that both -N+(CH3)3 groups and NO3- are convoluted in adsorption via electrostatic interactions. It is further found that ion exchange between NO3- and chlorine occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuoxun Dong
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Yili Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Xiaomin Dou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haotian Hao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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28
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Preparation, Characterization, and Application of Novel Ferric Oxide-Amine Material for Removal of Nitrate and Phosphate in Water. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8583543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferric oxide-amine material was synthesized and applied as a novel adsorbent for nitrate and phosphate removal from aqueous solution. The properties of ferric oxide-amine were examined using TGA, FTIR, BET, SEM, EDX, SEM-mapping, and XRD analysis. The results showed that the adsorption using ferric oxide-amine material reached equilibrium after 30 and 60 min for nitrate and phosphate, respectively. The highest nitrate and phosphate adsorption capacities were 131.4 mg nitrate/g at pH 5-6 and 42.1 mg phosphate/g at pH 6. The effects of adsorbent dosage, initial concentrations of nitrate and phosphate, and adsorption temperature were also investigated. Among the three adsorbents of ferric oxide-amine, ferric oxide, and Akualite A420 ion exchange resin, ferric oxide-amine material had the highest adsorption capacity for nitrate and phosphate removal. These results suggest a great potential use of ferric oxide-amine material for water treatment in practical applications.
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29
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Nguyen TTQ, Loganathan P, Nguyen TV, Vigneswaran S. Removing arsenic from water with an original and modified natural manganese oxide ore: batch kinetic and equilibrium adsorption studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:5490-5502. [PMID: 31853842 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07284-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic contamination of drinking water is a serious water quality problem in many parts of the world. In this study, a low-cost manganese oxide ore from Vietnam (Vietnamese manganese oxide (VMO)) was firstly evaluated for its performance in arsenate (As(V)) removal from water. This material contains both Mn (25.6%) and Fe (16.1%) mainly in the form of cryptomelane and goethite minerals. At the initial As(V) concentration of 0.5 mg/L, the adsorption capacity of original VMO determined using the Langmuir model was 0.11 mg/g. The modified VMOs produced by coating VMO with iron oxide (Fea-VMO) and zirconium oxide (Zra-VMO) at 110 °C and 550 °C achieved the highest As(V) adsorption capacity when compared to three other methods of VMO modifications. Langmuir maximum adsorption capacities of Fea-VMO and Zra-VMO at pH 7.0 were 2.19 mg/g and 1.94 mg/g, respectively, nearly twenty times higher than that of the original VMO. Batch equilibrium adsorption data fitted well to the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models and batch kinetics adsorption data to pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, and Elovich models. The increase of pH progressively from 3 to 10 reduced As(V) adsorption with a maximum reduction of 50-60% at pH 10 for both original and modified VMOs. The co-existing oxyanions considerably weakened the As(V) removal efficiency because they competed with As(V) anions. The competition order was PO43- > SiO32- > CO32- > SO42-. The characteristics of the original and modified VMOs evaluated using SEM, FTIR, XRD, XRF, surface area, and zeta potential explained the As(V) adsorption behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuc Quyen Nguyen
- Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Tien Vinh Nguyen
- Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Sydney, Australia.
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Rahdar S, Rahdar A, Ahmadi S, Mehdizadeh Z, Taghavi M. Preparation, Physical Characterization and Adsorption Properties of Synthesized Co–Ni–Cr Nanocomposites for Highly Effective Removal of Nitrate: Isotherms, Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies. Z PHYS CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2019-1372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In the current effort, the Co–Ni–Cr Nanocomposites were synthesized by chemical method and characterized by means of scanning electron micrographs (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier trans from infra-red (FTIR), and vibration sample magnetization (VSM). In the final step, these nanoparticles were used to study the nitrate removal efficiency from aqueous solution. The effect of important factor including pH, concentration of Nitrate (NO3
−) ion, contact time and nanoparticle dose were studied in order to find the optimum adsorption conditions. A maximum of removal of the nitrate was observed at pH 4, initial concentration of 40 mg L−1, amount of nanoparticle of 0.06 g L−1 and contact time 60 min. The adsorption isotherm values were obtained and analyzed using the Langmuir, Frenudlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich equations, the Temkin isotherm being the one that showed the best correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.999). In addition to, the adsorption kinetics studied by the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich model, Ritchie and intraparticle diffusion models. The experimental data fitted to pseudo-second-order (R2 = 0.999).
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Rahdar
- Department of Environmental Health , Zabol University of Medical Sciences , Zabol , Iran
| | - Abbas Rahdar
- Department of Physics , University of Zabol , Zabol, P. O. Box. 98613-35856 , I. R. of Iran
| | - Shahin Ahmadi
- Department of Environmental Health , Zabol University of Medical Sciences , Zabol , Iran
| | - Zhara Mehdizadeh
- BSc of Environmental Health , Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz , Iran
| | - Mahmoud Taghavi
- Department of Environmental Health School of Health Gonabad University of Medical Sciences , Gonabad , Iran
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31
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You H, Li W, Zhang Y, Meng Z, Shang Z, Feng X, Ma Y, Lu J, Li M, Niu X. Enhanced removal of NO 3-N from water using Fe-Al modified biochar: behavior and mechanism. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 80:2003-2012. [PMID: 32144232 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To remove NO3-N from water, coconut shell biochar (CSB) was modified by a solution of FeCl3, a solution of AlCl3 and a mixture solution of FeCl3 and AlCl3 respectively. The obtained modified biochar with the best effect of NO3-N adsorption was screened out to explore the adsorption behavior and mechanism of NO3-N removal by batch experiments and kinetics and thermodynamics and correlated characterization. The results indicated that the mixture solution of FeCl3- and AlCl3- modified CSB (Fe-Al/CSB) showed the best adsorption performance for NO3-N removal. Iron and aluminum elements existed on the surface of Fe-Al/CSB in the form of FeOOH, Fe2O3, Fe2+, and Al2O3 respectively. The adsorption process could reach equilibrium in 20 min. An acidic condition was favorable for NO3-N adsorption. The presence of coexisting anions was not conducive for NO3-N adsorption. The quasi-second-order model and Freundlich model could be well fitted in the adsorption process. The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe-Al/CSB fitted by the Langmuir model could reach 34.20 mg/g. The adsorption of NO3-N by Fe-Al/CSB was an endothermic and spontaneous process. Ligand exchange and chemical redox reaction were the NO3-N adsorption mechanisms which led to NO3-N adsorption by Fe-Al/CSB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyang You
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Wenying Li
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Zilin Meng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China E-mail:
| | - Zhenxiao Shang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China E-mail:
| | - Xuedong Feng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China E-mail:
| | - Yanfei Ma
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China E-mail:
| | - Jie Lu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China E-mail:
| | - Menghong Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China E-mail:
| | - Xiaoyin Niu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China E-mail:
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32
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Altowayti WAH, Allozy HGA, Shahir S, Goh PS, Yunus MAM. A novel nanocomposite of aminated silica nanotube (MWCNT/Si/NH 2) and its potential on adsorption of nitrite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:28737-28748. [PMID: 31376124 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Several parts of the world have been facing the problem of nitrite and nitrate contamination in ground and surface water. The acute toxicity of nitrite has been shown to be 10-fold higher than that of nitrate. In the present study, aminated silica carbon nanotube (ASCNT) was synthesised and tested for nitrite removal. The synergistic effects rendered by both amine and silica in ASCNT have significantly improved the nitrite removal efficiency. The IEP increased from 2.91 for pristine carbon nanotube (CNT) to 8.15 for ASCNT, and the surface area also increased from 178.86 to 548.21 m2 g-1. These properties have promoted ASCNT a novel adsorbent to remove nitrite. At optimum conditions of 700 ppm of nitrite concentration at pH 7 and 5 h of contact with 15 mg of adsorbent, the ASCNT achieved the maximal loading capacity of 396 mg/g (85% nitrite removal). The removal data of nitrite onto ASCNT fitted the Langmuir isotherm model better than the Freundlich isotherm model with the highest regression value of 0.98415, and also, the nonlinear analysis of kinetics data showed that the removal of nitrite followed pseudo-second-order kinetic. The positive values of both ΔS° and ΔH° suggested an endothermic reaction and an increase in randomness at the solid-liquid interface. The negative ΔG° values indicated a spontaneous adsorption process. The ASCNT was characterised using FESEM-EDX and FTIR, and the results obtained confirmed the removal of nitrite. Based on the findings, ASCNT can be considered as a novel and promising candidate for the removal of nitrite ions from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamzah Gamal Abdo Allozy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Shafinaz Shahir
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Pei Sean Goh
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Amri Md Yunus
- Division of Control and Mechatronics Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
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33
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Modification of Fe2O3-contained lignocellulose nanocomposite with silane group to remove nitrate and bacterial contaminations from wastewater. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-019-00749-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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34
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Massoud A, Masoud AM, Youssef WM. Sorption characteristics of uranium from sulfate leach liquor by commercial strong base anion exchange resins. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06770-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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35
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36
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Rezvani F, Sarrafzadeh MH, Ebrahimi S, Oh HM. Nitrate removal from drinking water with a focus on biological methods: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:1124-1141. [PMID: 28567682 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This article summarizes several developed and industrial technologies for nitrate removal from drinking water, including physicochemical and biological techniques, with a focus on autotrophic nitrate removal. Approaches are primarily classified into separation-based and elimination-based methods according to the fate of the nitrate in water treatment. Biological denitrification as a cost-effective and promising method of biological nitrate elimination is reviewed in terms of its removal process, applicability, efficiency, and associated disadvantages. The various pathways during biological nitrate removal, including assimilatory and dissimilatory nitrate reduction, are also explained. A comparative study was carried out to provide a better understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrification. Sulfur-based and hydrogen-based denitrifications, which are the most common autotrophic processes of nitrate removal, are reviewed with the aim of presenting the salient features of hydrogenotrophic denitrification along with some drawbacks of the technology and research areas in which it could be used but currently is not. The application of algae-based water treatment is also introduced as a nature-inspired approach that may broaden future horizons of nitrate removal technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Rezvani
- UNESCO Chair on Water Reuse, Biotechnology Group, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Sarrafzadeh
- UNESCO Chair on Water Reuse, Biotechnology Group, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box: 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sirous Ebrahimi
- Biotechnology Research Centre, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hee-Mock Oh
- Cell Factory Research Centre, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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37
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Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Chen Z, Wang L, Wu P, Wang F. Electrochemical reduction of nitrate via Cu/Ni composite cathode paired with Ir-Ru/Ti anode: High efficiency and N2 selectivity. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.08.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Kumar IA, Viswanathan N. Hydrothermal Fabrication of Zirconium Oxyhydroxide Capped Chitosan/Kaolin Framework for Highly Selective Nitrate and Phosphate Retention. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b01859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilango Aswin Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University, University College
of Engineering - Dindigul, Reddiyarchatram, Dindigul - 624 622, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Natrayasamy Viswanathan
- Department of Chemistry, Anna University, University College
of Engineering - Dindigul, Reddiyarchatram, Dindigul - 624 622, Tamilnadu, India
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39
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Kalaruban M, Loganathan P, Kandasamy J, Vigneswaran S. Submerged membrane adsorption hybrid system using four adsorbents to remove nitrate from water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:20328-20335. [PMID: 28382442 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8905-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate contamination of ground and surface waters causes environmental pollution and human health problems in many parts of the world. This study tests the nitrate removal efficiencies of two ion exchange resins (Dowex 21K XLT and iron-modified Dowex 21K XLT (Dowex-Fe)) and two chemically modified bio-adsorbents (amine-grafted corn cob (AG corn cob) and amine-grafted coconut copra (AG coconut copra)) using a dynamic adsorption treatment system. A submerged membrane (microfiltration) adsorption hybrid system (SMAHS) was used for the continuous removal of nitrate with a minimal amount of adsorbents. The efficiency of membrane filtration flux and replacement rate of adsorbent were studied to determine suitable operating conditions to maintain the effluent nitrate concentration below the WHO drinking standard limit of 11.3 mg N/L. The volume of water treated and the amount of nitrate adsorbed per gramme of adsorbent for all four flux tested were in the order Dowex-Fe > Dowex > AG coconut copra > AG corn cob. The volumes of water treated (L/g adsorbent) were 0.91 and 1.85, and the amount of nitrate removed (mg N/g adsorbent) were 9.8 and 22.2 for AG corn cob and Dowex-Fe, respectively, at a flux of 15 L/(m2/h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahatheva Kalaruban
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Paripurnanda Loganathan
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Jaya Kandasamy
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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40
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Eeshwarasinghe D, Loganathan P, Kalaruban M, Sounthararajah DP, Kandasamy J, Vigneswaran S. Removing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from water using granular activated carbon: kinetic and equilibrium adsorption studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:13511-13524. [PMID: 29492819 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) constitute a group of highly persistent, toxic and widespread environmental micropollutants that are increasingly found in water. A study was conducted in removing five PAHs, specifically naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene and phenanthrene, from water by adsorption onto granular activated carbon (GAC). The pseudo-first-order (PFO) model satisfactorily described the kinetics of adsorption of the PAHs. The Weber and Morris diffusion model's fit to the data showed that there were faster and slower rates of intra-particle diffusion probably into the mesopores and micropores of the GAC, respectively. These rates were negatively related to the molar volumes of the PAHs. Batch equilibrium adsorption data fitted well to the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich models, of which the Freundlich model exhibited the best fit. The adsorption affinities were related to the hydrophobicity of the PAHs as determined by the log Kow values. Free energies of adsorption calculated from the Dubinin-Radushkevich model and the satisfactory kinetic data fitting to the PFO model suggested physical adsorption of the PAHs. Adsorption of naphthalene, acenaphthylene and acenaphthene in fixed-bed columns containing a mixture of GAC (0.5 g) + sand (24.5 g) was satisfactorily simulated by the Thomas model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinushika Eeshwarasinghe
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Paripurnanda Loganathan
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Mahatheva Kalaruban
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | | | - Jaya Kandasamy
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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41
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Hou M, Pu Y, Qi WK, Tang Y, Wan P, Yang XJ, Song P, Fisher A. Enhanced electrocatalytic reduction of aqueous nitrate by modified copper catalyst through electrochemical deposition and annealing treatment. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2017.1413357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingtao Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Pu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-kang Qi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Tang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Pingyu Wan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Jin Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adrian Fisher
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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42
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Mathematical Modelling of Nitrate Removal from Water Using a Submerged Membrane Adsorption Hybrid System with Four Adsorbents. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/app8020194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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43
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44
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One pot synthesis of chitosan grafted quaternized resin for the removal of nitrate and phosphate from aqueous solution. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1517-1527. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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45
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Su L, Li K, Zhang H, Fan M, Ying D, Sun T, Wang Y, Jia J. Electrochemical nitrate reduction by using a novel Co 3O 4/Ti cathode. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 120:1-11. [PMID: 28478288 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.04.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Co3O4 film coated on Ti substrate is prepared using sol-gel method and applied as cathode material for electrochemical denitrification in this research. Preparation conditions including precursor coating times and calcination temperature are optimized based on NO3--N removal, NO2--N generation, NH4+-N generation and total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies. The influences of electrolysis parameters such as current density and NO3--N initial concentration are also investigated. In comparison with other common researched cathodes (Ti, Cu and Fe2O3/Ti), Co3O4/Ti exhibits better NO3--N removal and NH4+-N generation efficiencies. In order to remove NO3--N completely from water, Cl- is added to help further oxidize NH4+-N to N2. TN removal after 3 h treatment increases from 65% to 80%, 90% and 96% with the increase of Cl- from 0 mg L-1 to 500, 1000 and 1500 mg L-1, respectively. The mechanisms of NO3--N reduction on cathode and NH4+-N oxidation on anode in the absence and presence of Cl- are investigated in a double-cell reactor. Actual textile wastewater containing both NO3- and Cl- is also treated and the Co3O4/Ti cathode exhibits excellent stability and reliability. It is interesting to find out that FeCl2-H2O2 Fenton pretreatment is needed to remove extra COD and provide more Cl- to help oxidize NH4+-N to N2 at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhua Su
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Kan Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Maohong Fan
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA; Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA; School of Energy Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Diwen Ying
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Tonghua Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Yalin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Jinping Jia
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
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46
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Rashidi Nodeh H, Sereshti H, Zamiri Afsharian E, Nouri N. Enhanced removal of phosphate and nitrate ions from aqueous media using nanosized lanthanum hydrous doped on magnetic graphene nanocomposite. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 197:265-274. [PMID: 28395235 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel nanocomposite adsorbent based on nanosized lanthanum hydroxide doped onto magnetic reduced graphene oxide (MG@La) was synthesized and used for removal of phosphate and nitrate ions from river and sewage media. The composition, surface properties and morphology of the as prepared adsorbent were studied using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The influence of main parameters on the efficiency of removal process including adsorbent dosage, salt addition, solution pH, contact time, and concentration of the analytes were thoroughly investigated. The validity of the experimental process was checked by the adsorption isotherm and adsorption kinetics models. The obtained data were well fitted to Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The developed adsorbent showed high adsorption capacities of 116.28 mg g-1 and 138.88 mg g-1 for phosphate and nitrate ions, respectively. Additionally, Langmuir isotherm and free energy were suggested monolayer pattern and physisorption mechanism for adsorption process, respectively. Finally, the field application of newly synthesized MG@La provided high removal efficiencies (74%-90%) for phosphate and nitrate ions in real river and sewage water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Rashidi Nodeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Sereshti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Nina Nouri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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47
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Chen D, Yang K, Wei L, Wang H. Microbial community and metabolism activity in a bioelectrochemical denitrification system under long-term presence of p-nitrophenol. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:189-195. [PMID: 27367815 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical denitrification system (BEDS) is a promising technology for nitrate removal from wastewaters. The hazards and effects concerning p-nitrophenol (PNP) towards BEDS lack enough investigations and possess great research prospects. This study investigated how PNP affected the nitrate removal efficiency, microbial communities, functional denitrifying genes abundances, nitrate and nitrite reductase activities, diffusible signal factors (DSF) release, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production in the BEDS. Results indicated that nitrate removal efficiency decreased with initial PNP concentration increased from 0 to 100mg/L. Phylum Firmicutes and class Clostridia were the main contributors for denitrification process in this BEDS. The abundances of the denitrifying genes nirS, nirK, napA, and narG all presented decreased trends with increasing PNP. In addition, the concentrations of nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NIR), and EPS obviously decreased, while the concentration of DSF increased with increasing PNP, which demonstrated that higher PNP would inhibit the biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li Wei
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resources and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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48
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Kalaruban M, Loganathan P, Shim WG, Kandasamy J, Ngo HH, Vigneswaran S. Enhanced removal of nitrate from water using amine-grafted agricultural wastes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 565:503-510. [PMID: 27192699 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption using low-cost adsorbents is a favourable water treatment method for the removal of water contaminants. In this study the enhanced removal of nitrate, a contaminant at elevated concentration affecting human health and causing eutrophication of water, was tested using chemically modified agricultural wastes as adsorbents. Batch and fixed-bed adsorption studies were performed on corn cob and coconut copra that were surface modified by amine-grafting to increase the surface positive charges. The Langmuir nitrate adsorption capacities (mgN/g) were 49.9 and 59.0 for the amine-grafted (AG) corn cob and coconut copra, respectively at pH6.5 and ionic strength 1×10(-3)M NaCl. These values are higher than those of many commercially available anion exchange resins. Fixed-bed (15-cm height) adsorption capacities (mgN/g) calculated from the breakthrough curves were 15.3 and 18.6 for AG corn cob and AG coconut copra, respectively, for an influent nitrate concentration 20mg N/L at a flow velocity 5m/h. Nitrate adsorption decreased in the presence of sulphate, phosphate and chloride, with sulphate being the most competitive anion. The Thomas model fitted well to the fixed-bed adsorption data from four repeated adsorption/desorption cycles. Plug-flow model fitted well to the data from only the first cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahatheva Kalaruban
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Paripurnanda Loganathan
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - W G Shim
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sunchon National University, 255 Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaya Kandasamy
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - H H Ngo
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
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49
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Nur T, Loganathan P, Kandasamy J, Vigneswaran S. Phosphate Adsorption from Membrane Bioreactor Effluent Using Dowex 21K XLT and Recovery as Struvite and Hydroxyapatite. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13030277. [PMID: 26950136 PMCID: PMC4808940 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13030277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Discharging phosphate through wastewaters into waterways poses a danger to the natural environment due to the serious risks of eutrophication and health of aquatic organisms. However, this phosphate, if economically recovered, can partly overcome the anticipated future scarcity of phosphorus (P) resulting from exhaustion of natural phosphate rock reserves. An experiment was conducted to determine the efficiency of removing phosphate from a membrane bioreactor effluent (pH 7.0-7.5, 20, 35 mg phosphate/L) produced in a water reclamation plant by adsorption onto Dowex 21K XLT ion exchange resin and recover the phosphate as fertilisers. The data satisfactorily fitted to Langmuir adsorption isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 38.6 mg · P/g. The adsorbed phosphate was quantitatively desorbed by leaching the column with 0.1 M NaCl solution. The desorbed phosphate was recovered as struvite when ammonium and magnesium were added at the molar ratio of phosphate, ammonium and magnesium of 1:1:1 at pH 9.5. Phosphate was also recovered from the desorbed solution as hydroxyapatite precipitate by adding calcium hydroxide to the solution at a phosphate to calcium molar ratio of 1:2 at pH 7.0. The P contents of struvite and hydroxyapatite produced were close to those of the respective commercial phosphate fertilisers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanjina Nur
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Paripurnanda Loganathan
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Jaya Kandasamy
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, Sydney NSW 2007, Australia.
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