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Guo K, Huang J, Chen X, He L. Regional brain structure mediates the association between sleep quality and intellectual abilities: the moderating role of socioeconomic status. Brain Struct Funct 2024; 229:1631-1640. [PMID: 38914894 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-024-02817-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to reveal the association between sleep quality and crystallized intelligence (Gc), fluid intelligence (Gf), and the underlying brain structural basis. Using the data from the Human Connectome Project (N = 1087), we performed mediation analysis to explore whether regional brain structure related to sleep quality mediate the association between sleep quality and intellectual abilities, and further examined whether socioeconomic status (i.e., income and education level) moderate the mediation effect. Results showed that poorer sleep quality was associated with lower Gc rather than Gf, and worse sleep quality was associated with smaller volume and surface area in temporal lobe, including inferior temporal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus. Notably, temporal lobe structures mediated the association between sleep quality and Gc rather than Gf. Furthermore, socioeconomic status (i.e., income and education level) moderated the mediating effect, showing low socioeconomic status has a more significant mediating effect with stronger association between sleep quality and Gc as well as stronger association between temporal lobe structure and Gc in low socioeconomic status group. These findings suggest that individuals with higher socioeconomic status are less susceptible to the effect of sleep quality on Gc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifeng Guo
- School of Educational Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junfei Huang
- School of Educational Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- School of Educational Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Li He
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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Zhang Y, Lin C, Li H, Li L, Zhou X, Xiong Y, Yan J, Xie M, Zhang X, Zhou C, Yang L. The relationship between childhood adversity and sleep quality among rural older adults in China: the mediating role of anxiety and negative coping. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:346. [PMID: 38720293 PMCID: PMC11077779 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05792-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have revealed the effects of childhood adversity, anxiety, and negative coping on sleep quality in older adults, but few studies have focused on the association between childhood adversity and sleep quality in rural older adults and the potential mechanisms of this influence. In this study, we aim to evaluate sleep quality in rural older adults, analyze the impact of adverse early experiences on their sleep quality, and explore whether anxiety and negative coping mediate this relationship. METHODS Data were derived from a large cross-sectional study conducted in Deyang City, China, which recruited 6,318 people aged 65 years and older. After excluding non-agricultural household registration and lack of key information, a total of 3,873 rural older adults were included in the analysis. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analyze the relationship between childhood adversity and sleep quality, and the mediating role of anxiety and negative coping. RESULTS Approximately 48.15% of rural older adults had poor sleep quality, and older adults who were women, less educated, widowed, or living alone or had chronic illnesses had poorer sleep quality. Through structural equation model fitting, the total effect value of childhood adversity on sleep quality was 0.208 (95% CI: 0.146, 0.270), with a direct effect value of 0.066 (95% CI: 0.006, 0.130), accounting for 31.73% of the total effect; the total indirect effect value was 0.142 (95% CI: 0.119, 0.170), accounting for 68.27% of the total effect. The mediating effects of childhood adversity on sleep quality through anxiety and negative coping were significant, with effect values of 0.096 (95% CI: 0.078, 0.119) and 0.024 (95% CI: 0.014, 0.037), respectively. The chain mediating effect of anxiety and negative coping between childhood adversity and sleep quality was also significant, with an effect value of 0.022 (95% CI: 0.017, 0.028). CONCLUSIONS Anxiety and negative coping were important mediating factors for rural older adult's childhood adversity and sleep quality. This suggests that managing anxiety and negative coping in older adults may mitigate the negative effects of childhood adversity on sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengwei Lin
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No.6, Zhongxue Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Deyang Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- Centre for Aging Health Service of Deyang City, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Health Commission of Deyang City, Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Jin Yan
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengxue Xie
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Health Information Center, Chengdu, 610015, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengchao Zhou
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research,School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine,Shandong University, NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Lian Yang
- School of Public Health, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China.
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Kopels MC, Shattuck EC, Rocha J, Roulette CJ. Investigating the linkages between food insecurity, psychological distress, and poor sleep outcomes among U.S. college students. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24032. [PMID: 38116753 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research overwhelmingly demonstrates that sleep is key to human health and wellbeing. Several factors likely contribute to sleep quality, including factors, such as food security and low income. In addition, exposure to structural inequalities early in life likely have downstream effects upon multiple dimensions of health. The objective of this study is to fill gaps in literature by specifically examining the associations between childhood food insecurity, current food insecurity, psychological distress, and sleep among college students. METHODS QR codes were randomly distributed to students, linking them to an online quantitative survey. The survey measured sociodemographic variables, food security (current and childhood), diet, mental distress, and sleep quality. A total of n = 134 completed the entire survey. Data were analyzed using binary and multiple linear regressions, as well as cross-tabulations. RESULTS The findings revealed that psychological distress was the primary factor influencing sleep health (𝛽 = 1.51, p < .01). Students reporting higher childhood food insecurity were more likely to experience extreme psychological distress (OR = 4.61), food insecurity in college (OR = 8.41), and lack of stable housing (OR = 5.86). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that potential linkages exist between childhood food insecurity, poor sleep, and greater psychological distress. While acknowledging the contribution of other factors, the study highlights the importance of addressing food insecurity in relation to sleep health, considering the significant impact of sleep to overall health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam C Kopels
- Anthropology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - Eric C Shattuck
- Anthropology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Jennifer Rocha
- Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Casey J Roulette
- Anthropology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
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Qi W, He X, Wang Z. Childhood unpredictability and sleep quality in adulthood: the mediating roles of life history strategy and perceived stress. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1347365. [PMID: 38699575 PMCID: PMC11063338 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1347365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Early environmental risk have been found to be related to lifelong health. However, the impact of childhood unpredictability, a type of early environmental risk, on health, especially on sleep quality in adulthood, has not been adequately studied. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between childhood unpredictability and sleep quality in adulthood and to explore the possible mediating roles of life history strategy and perceived stress. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 472 participants from a university in Zhejiang Province, China. The questionnaire inquired about demography, childhood unpredictability, life history strategy (Mini-K), perceived stress (14-item Perceived Stress Scale), and Sleep Quality (Pittsburgh Global Sleep Quality Index). Results Higher childhood unpredictability was significantly associated with worse sleep quality in adulthood. Moreover, the link between higher childhood unpredictability and worse sleep quality in adulthood was explained by the chain mediation of life history strategy and perceived stress. Conclusion In line with the life history theory, individuals who have experienced higher unpredictability in childhood tend to develop a faster life history strategy and become more sensitive to stress in adulthood, and subsequently suffer a decrease in sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qi
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangyang He
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhechen Wang
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Huang J, Yang Z, Wang Q, Liu J, Xie W, Sun Y. The relationship between family cohesion and bedtime procrastination among Chinese college students: the chain mediating effect of coping styles and mobile phone addiction. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:250. [PMID: 38566050 PMCID: PMC10988965 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05700-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bedtime procrastination refers to an individual's inability to go to bed at a predetermined time without external obstacles. Previous researchers have found that the bedtime procrastination is harmful to human physical and mental health, but these research on bedtime procrastination have mostly focused on exploring individual factors, while ignoring the external environmental factors. Therefore, this is the first study to investigate bedtime procrastination from the perspective of family environments. METHODS The study was conducted using a convenient sampling method and online questionnaires. Family Cohesion Scale, Coping Styles Questionnaire, Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale and Bedtime Procrastination Scale were used to measure sleep and psychological condition of 1,048 college students. RESULTS Family cohesion negatively predicted bedtime procrastination. Additionally, positive coping style and mobile phone addiction had significant independent mediating effects. Furthermore, positive coping style and mobile phone addiction had chain mediating effects between family cohesion and bedtime procrastination. CONCLUSION This study revealed the effect of coping styles and mobile phone addiction on the relationship between family cohesion and bedtime procrastination among Chinese college students. These findings explained the mechanisms of bedtime procrastination from the perspective of environment, so as to effectively intervene the bedtime procrastination of college students from the perspective of external environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Huang
- School of Mental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, 300387, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhenliang Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, 300387, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, 300387, Tianjin, China
| | - Junling Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, 300387, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenlan Xie
- Children's Research Institute, Ningbo Childhood Education College, 315000, Ningbo, China.
| | - Yuqi Sun
- School of Mental Health, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 325035, Wenzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Haozhonghao Health Products Co., Ltd, 325409, Wenzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Jerinte Health Technology Co., Ltd, 310013, Hangzhou, China.
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Dai Y, Liu J. Neighborhood predictors of short sleep duration and bedtime irregularity among children in the United States: results from the 2019-2020 National Survey of Children's Health. World J Pediatr 2024; 20:73-81. [PMID: 36867306 PMCID: PMC9982789 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-023-00694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental factors may contribute to short sleep duration and irregular bedtime in children. Neighborhood factors and children's sleep duration and bedtime regularity remain a less investigated area. The aim of this study was to investigate the national and state-level proportions of children with short sleep duration and irregular bedtime and their neighborhood predictors. METHODS A total of 67,598 children whose parents completed the National Survey of Children's Health in 2019-2020 were included in the analysis. Survey-weighted Poisson regression was used to explore the neighborhood predictors of children's short sleep duration and irregular bedtime. RESULTS The prevalence of short sleep duration and irregular bedtime among children in the United States (US) was 34.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 33.8%-35.4%] and 16.4% (95% CI = 15.6%-17.2%) in 2019-2020, respectively. Safe neighborhoods, supportive neighborhoods, and neighborhoods with amenities were found to be protective factors against children's short sleep duration, with risk ratios ranging between 0.92 and 0.94, P < 0.05. Neighborhoods with detracting elements were associated with an increased risk of short sleep duration [risk ratio (RR) = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.00-1.12] and irregular bedtime (RR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.03-1.28). Child race/ethnicity moderated the relationship between neighborhood with amenities and short sleep duration. CONCLUSIONS Insufficient sleep duration and irregular bedtime were highly prevalent among US children. A favorable neighborhood environment can decrease children's risk of short sleep duration and irregular bedtime. Improving the neighborhood environment has implications for children's sleep health, especially for children from minority racial/ethnic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Dai
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Blvd., Room 426, Claire M. Fagin Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6096, USA
| | - Jianghong Liu
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 418 Curie Blvd., Room 426, Claire M. Fagin Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6096, USA.
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Morris PA, Lindsay KG, Agana P, Watson K, Willson D. National study of sleep health for student servicemembers/veterans. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37966943 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2280778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Investigate sleep health for student servicemember/veterans (SSM/Vs). Method: Data from the National College Health Assessment was used, including 88,178 participants in 2018 and 67,972 in 2019. Propensity score matching was used to compare SSM/Vs (n = 2984) to their most similar non-SSM/V counterparts (n = 1,355). Responses were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results: SSM/Vs reported significantly higher levels of some sleep health issues than the matched peer group, including more instances of trouble falling asleep, waking too early, and higher rates of insomnia and sleep disorders. However, SSM/Vs reported fewer days per week feeling sleepy and similar impacts of sleep issues on academics when compared to the peer group. Conclusion: Institutions of higher education should consider training faculty and staff to recognize impacts of poor sleep health for SSM/Vs to establish effective practices to support this unique population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip A Morris
- Leadership, Research, and Foundations, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - Keston G Lindsay
- Human Physiology and Nutrition, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - Patience Agana
- Leadership, Research, and Foundations, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - Kathryn Watson
- Leadership, Research, and Foundations, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| | - Dale Willson
- Leadership, Research, and Foundations, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
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Ma X, Zhang Z, Jin M, Hao Y, Cheng H, Yan N. Association Between Family Context and Sleep Trajectory in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Adults. Nat Sci Sleep 2023; 15:915-924. [PMID: 37954027 PMCID: PMC10638916 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s422263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The study aims to reveal the association between family context and sleep trajectories in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults. Methods Subjects (n=7777) aged between 40 and 65 years were selected from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). Latent class analysis and the multi-trajectory method were used to identify the family context and sleep trajectories from 2010 to 2018. Multinomial (polytomous) logistic regression was performed to explore the relationship between family context and sleep trajectories. Results Five family context classes were identified according to family demographic characteristics. Simultaneously, four sleep trajectories were determined based on three sleep-related indexes. Subjects from family that had only sons or multiple-child are liable to shorten or prolong sleep duration and increase midday nap ratios compare with subjects who from family that had one or more daughters, and in future public health prevention and control, more attention could be paid to such families. Conclusion The study found that family context is associated with sleep trajectories among middle and old Chinese adults. Subjects from families with only girls seemed to have more stable sleep trajectories, while those with one or more boys' families had unstable sleep trajectories. Further interventions would be carried out for sleep disorders, it is necessary to pay more attention to the family context, especially the number and gender of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Ma
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengjun Zhang
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meihua Jin
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Hao
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Cheng
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Yan
- Heart Centre & Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, People’s Republic of China
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Desch J, Bakour C, Mansuri F, Tran D, Schwartz S. The association between adverse childhood experiences and insomnia symptoms from adolescence to adulthood: Evidence from the Add Health study. Sleep Health 2023; 9:646-653. [PMID: 37419708 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Adverse childhood experiences are potentially traumatic events that occur up to age 17, including abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction. Such trauma often results in chronic stress and poor sleep health, which are linked to negative health outcomes across the lifespan. This study examines the longitudinal association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and insomnia symptoms from adolescence to adulthood. METHODS Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health were used to examine the association between ACEs and insomnia symptoms (trouble falling asleep or staying asleep, dichotomized based on self-reported frequency of 3 times per week or more). We used weighted logistic regression to examine the association between cumulative ACE score (0, 1, 2-3, 4+), 10 specific ACEs, and insomnia symptoms. RESULTS Of 12,039 participants, 75.3% experienced at least one adverse childhood experience and 14.7% experienced 4 or more. We found specific adverse childhood experiences, including physical abuse, emotional abuse, neglect, parental incarceration, parental alcoholism, foster home placement, and community violence were associated with experiencing insomnia symptoms throughout the entire 22-year follow-up period from adolescence to mid-adulthood (p < .05), while childhood poverty was only associated with insomnia symptoms in mid-adulthood. The number of adverse childhood experiences showed a dose-response association with insomnia symptoms in adolescence (1 adverse childhood experience: adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.47 [1.16, 1.87], 4+ adverse childhood experiences: aOR= 2.76, [2.18, 3.50]), early adulthood (1 adverse childhood experience: aOR= 1.43 [1.16, 1.75], 4+ adverse childhood experiences: aOR= 3.07 [2.47, 3.83]) and mid-adulthood (1 adverse childhood experience: aOR= 1.13 [0.94, 1.37], 4+ adverse childhood experiences: aOR= 1.89 [confidence interval: 1.53, 2.32]). CONCLUSIONS Adverse childhood experiences are associated with an increased risk for insomnia symptoms across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Desch
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.
| | - Chighaf Bakour
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.
| | - Fahad Mansuri
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Dieu Tran
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.
| | - Skai Schwartz
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.
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Sun T, Zhang L, Liu Y, Wu S, Yang BX, Liu JF, Fang T, Gong X, Zhou SC, Luo D, Liu Z, Cai Z. The relationship between childhood trauma and insomnia among college students with major depressive disorder: Mediation by the role of negative life events and dysfunctional attitudes. Compr Psychiatry 2023; 122:152368. [PMID: 36739835 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2023.152368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insomnia is a common problem among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). According to previous studies, the development and severity of Insomnia are influenced by childhood trauma experience. Furthermore, negative life events and dysfunctional attitudes may also mediate the impact. So, this study aimed to examine the association between childhood trauma, negative life events, dysfunctional attitudes and insomnia and investigate how negative life events and dysfunctional attitudes mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and insomnia in MDD. METHOD This cross-sectional study recruited 621 college students with MDD. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Life Event Scale (LES), Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Hamilton Depression Scale-17 (HAMD-17) were used to assess participants' psychosocial factors. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square test, t-test, Pearson correlations, and serial mediation analyses were used in data analysis. In order to eliminate the influence of the severity of depression symptoms, severity of depression symptoms was used as a control variable in this study. RESULTS There were 166 (26.7%) participants having clinical insomnia (ISI score > 14). After controlling for the effect of severity of depression symptoms, results of serial mediation analyses determined that childhood trauma has a direct (Estimate = 0.109, 95%CI: 0.023,0.190) and indirect (Estimate = 0.090, 95%CI: 0.054,0.137) impact to insomnia. The indirect impact of childhood trauma on insomnia through the pathways of negative life events alone (Estimate = 0.050, 95%CI: 0.024,0.093), dysfunctional attitudes alone (Estimate = 0.027, 95%CI: 0.008,0.050), and negative life events to dysfunctional attitudes (Estimate = 0.013, 95%CI: 0.006,0.024) were significant. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that screening for childhood trauma should be considered when treating insomnia in college students with MDD. Managing negative life events and dysfunctional attitudes may mitigate the negative impact of childhood trauma on insomnia in college students with MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nursing, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuqin Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bing Xiang Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Population and Health Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Fang Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ting Fang
- Dept. of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuan Gong
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Si Chen Zhou
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Population and Health Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhongchun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Zhongxiang Cai
- Department of Nursing, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Ndiaye C, Ayedi Y, Etindele Sosso FA. Determinants of Health Inequalities in Iran and Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review of the Sleep Literature. Clocks Sleep 2023; 5:141-151. [PMID: 36975553 PMCID: PMC10047525 DOI: 10.3390/clockssleep5010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep health inequalities represent an increasing public health concern. Among multiple determinants affecting sleep health, there is people's socioeconomic status (SES), and no systematic review on the relationship between SES and sleep health has been previously conducted in Iran and Saudi Arabia. Following the Prisma protocol, ten articles were selected. Findings revealed that the combined number of participants was N = 37,455 participants, including 73.23% of children and adolescents (n = 27,670) and 26.77% of adults (n = 10,026). The smallest sample was N = 715 and the larger was N = 13,486. In all these studies, sleep variables were assessed using self-reported questionnaires. The studies conducted in Iran assessed the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), while those in Saudi Arabia were interested in sleep duration, nap time, bedtime, rise time and insomnia. The studies performed on adult populations in Iran and Saudi Arabia concluded that there is no significant association between SES determinants and sleep components in adult populations. One study in Iran found a significant association between parent's low SES and children and adolescent insomnia; and one study in Saudi Arabia found a significant association between the father's education and the longer sleep duration of their children. More longitudinal studies are necessary to establish a causal relationship between public health policies and sleep health inequalities. An extension of the investigation to more sleep disturbances is required to cover the entirety of sleep health inequalities in Iran and Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Comsar Ndiaye
- Graduate School of Public Health, Paris-Saclay University, 91190 Paris, France
| | - Yosr Ayedi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Abderrahmane Mami University Hospital, Ariana 2080, Tunisia
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Collinge AN, Bath PA. Socioeconomic Background and Self-Reported Sleep Quality in Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4534. [PMID: 36901540 PMCID: PMC10001974 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted sleep quality. However, research regarding older adults' sleep quality during the pandemic has been limited. This study examined the association between socioeconomic background (SEB) and older adults' sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on 7040 adults aged ≥50 were acquired from a COVID-19 sub-study of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA). SEB was operationalized using educational attainment, previous financial situation, and concern about the future financial situation. Sociodemographic, mental health, physical health, and health behavior variables were included as covariates. Chi-squared tests and binary logistic regression were used to examine associations between SEB and sleep quality. Lower educational attainment and greater financial hardship and concerns were associated with poor sleep quality. The relationship between educational attainment and sleep quality was explained by the financial variables, while the relationship between previous financial difficulties and sleep quality was explained by physical health and health behavior variables. Greater financial concerns about the future, poor mental health, and poor physical health were independent risk factors for poor sleep quality in older adults during the pandemic. Healthcare professionals and service providers should consider these issues when supporting older patients with sleep problems and in promoting health and wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam N. Collinge
- Information School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DP, UK
| | - Peter A. Bath
- Information School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DP, UK
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK
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13
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Papadopoulos D, Sosso FAE. Socioeconomic status and sleep health: a narrative synthesis of 3 decades of empirical research. J Clin Sleep Med 2023; 19:605-620. [PMID: 36239056 PMCID: PMC9978435 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES This review aims to assess the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and sleep health in the general population and the mediating effects of lifestyle and mental and physical health in this relationship. METHODS Observational studies testing the independent association between objective or subjective SES indicators and behavioral/physiological or clinical sleep health variables in the general population were included. PubMed/MEDLINE was searched for reports published from January 1990 to December 2019. The direction of effect was used as the primary effect measure, testing the hypothesis that low SES is associated with poor sleep health outcomes. Results are presented in the form of direction effect plots and synthesized as binomial proportions. RESULTS Overall, 336 studies were identified. A high proportion of effects at the expected direction was noted for measures of sleep continuity (100% for sleep latency, 50-100% for awakenings, 66.7-100% for sleep efficiency), symptoms of disturbed sleep (75-94.1% for insomnia, 66.7-100% for sleep-disordered breathing, 60-100% for hypersomnia), and general sleep satisfaction (62.5-100%), while the effect on sleep duration was inconsistent and depended on the specific SES variable (92.3% for subjective SES, 31.7% for employment status). Lifestyle habits, chronic illnesses, and psychological factors were identified as key mediators of the SES-sleep relationship. CONCLUSIONS Unhealthy behaviors, increased stress levels, and limited access to health care in low-SES individuals may explain the SES-sleep health gradient. However, the cross-sectional design of most studies and the high heterogeneity in employed measures of SES and sleep limit the quality of evidence. Further research is warranted due to important implications for health issues and policy changes. CITATION Papadopoulos D, Etindele Sosso FA. Socioeconomic status and sleep health: a narrative synthesis of 3 decades of empirical research. J Clin Sleep Med. 2023;19(3):605-620.
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14
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Adverse childhood experiences and Chinese young adults' sleep quality: Moderation of resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia. Int J Psychophysiol 2023; 184:12-19. [PMID: 36521821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the moderating roles of resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) in the relations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and sleep quality (i.e., sleep efficiency, perceived sleep quality, and daily disturbances) in young adulthood. Chinese young adults (N = 259; Mage = 25.85 years) reported on their adverse childhood experiences retrospectively and current sleep quality. Their electrocardiogram (ECG) and respiration data were recorded while they were seated resting and resting RSA scores were computed. Results indicated that ACEs were associated with poor perceived sleep quality and greater daily disturbances among young adults who showed low resting RSA. The associations were not significant among those who showed high resting RSA. These findings suggest that high resting RSA may serve as a protective factor for young adults' sleep against adverse childhood experiences and these effects were consistent for different biological sex and sexual orientation groups.
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15
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Huynh HP, Sifuentes KA, Lilley MK. Context Matters: Stress for Minority Students Who Attend Minority-Majority Universities. Psychol Rep 2023; 126:246-264. [PMID: 34617864 DOI: 10.1177/00332941211043459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Research on college student stress has typically focused on institutions where the student population is predominately White and continuing-generation. This study explored student stress in a unique context-a public regional university where the majority of students are Latinx, first-generation (FGCS), and of low socioeconomic status (SES). Of the 355 participants in the study, 72.4% self-identified as Latinx and 59.7% were FGCS. Additionally, on a subjective scale of socioeconomic status (1 = lowest, 10 = highest), the mean response was 5.76 (SD = 1.56). Participants (18 years old or older) who were enrolled in a first-year seminar course were recruited for this study. Through an online survey during Fall 2018, first-year students reported levels of perceived and experienced stress related to academic, economic, intrapersonal, and interpersonal concerns. Results of regression analyses indicated that most types of stress were predicted by students' Latinx identity status and SES; FGCS status did not significantly predict stress. These findings highlight the need to explore solutions to address stress for Latinx and/or low SES students. Additionally, the study underscores the necessity of conducting research at educational institutions in which Latinx, FGC, and low SES students comprise the majority of the student body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Phi Huynh
- Texas A&M University-San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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16
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Counts CJ, John-Henderson NA. Childhood trauma and college student health: a review of the literature. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-15. [PMID: 36595473 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2130336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The experience of childhood trauma is known to predict health-relevant outcomes across the lifespan. Previous reviews summarize existing knowledge of the implications of childhood trauma for health in young adults and adults more generally. The current theoretical review aims to integrate the existing literature on the relationship between childhood trauma and health-relevant outcomes specifically in college students, consolidating findings across specific health domains. Further, the following theoretical review highlights the need for more research in this area and discusses how college campuses may use the knowledge in this area of work to develop targeted interventions aimed at improving the health of college students who experienced trauma in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory J Counts
- Department of Psychology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
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17
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Holzer DW, Counts CJ, Ashmore EP, Hammock C, John-Henderson N. Childhood environments and their relationship with sleep and ambulatory blood pressure in college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:190-199. [PMID: 33759718 PMCID: PMC8460682 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1885414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Investigate whether psychosocial risk in the childhood family environment moderates the relationship between childhood socioeconomic status (SES) and sleep, and the relationship between childhood SES and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in college students, two factors that are linked to future risk for cardiovascular disease. Participants: 124 American college students. Methods: Childhood SES and psychosocial risk in childhood family environments were measured by self-report instruments. Sleep was measured with self-report and actigraphy (over 5 days) and ABP over a 2-day period. Results: Linear regressions adjusting for age, sex, current SES, and current depressive symptoms indicated that SES and psychosocial risk in family environments during childhood interact to inform sleep quality, actigraphy derived wake after sleep onset (WASO), actigraphy derived Sleep Efficiency (SE) and ABP. Conclusions: Psychosocial risk in the childhood family environment may offset previously documented relationships between childhood SES and health-relevant outcomes in college students.
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18
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Towards A Socioeconomic Model of Sleep Health among the Canadian Population: A Systematic Review of the Relationship between Age, Income, Employment, Education, Social Class, Socioeconomic Status and Sleep Disparities. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:1143-1167. [PMID: 36005229 PMCID: PMC9407487 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12080080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of the contribution of the socioeconomic status (SES) in sleep health could guide the development of population-based interventions aiming to reduce “the silent public health issue” that are sleep disturbances. PRISMA was employed to identify relevant studies having examined the association between social class, social capital, education, income/assets, occupation/employment status, neighborhood deprivation and sleep health. Sixteen cross-sectional and three longitudinal studies were selected, having sampled 226,029 participants aged from 2 months to 85 years old. Findings showed that: (1) sleep health disparities among children and adolescent are strongly correlated to parental socioeconomic indicators; (2) poor parental income, poor family SES and poor parental education are associated with higher sleep disturbances among children and adolescents; (3) lower education is a predictor of increased sleep disturbances for adults; (4) low SES is associated with high sleep disturbances in adults and old people and; (5) low income and full-time employment was significantly associated with short sleep among adults and old people. In conclusion, sleep health should be an important public health target. Such intervention would be beneficial for populational health, for all taxpayers and public administrations, which would see a reduction in absenteeism and productivity losses attributable to sleep-related health problems in the global economy.
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19
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Ünalp A, Baysal BT, Sarıtaş S, Güzin Y, Edizer S, Akışın Z, Yılmaz Ü. Evaluation of the effects of ketogenic diet therapy on sleep quality in children with drug-resistant epilepsy and their mothers. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 124:108327. [PMID: 34627070 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders are common in drug-resistant children with epilepsy and their mothers. Ketogenic diet therapy (KDT) may have positive effects on sleep quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sleep quality of children with epilepsy and their mothers after starting KDT. METHODS Using a prospective cross-sectional model, pre- and post-KDT questionnaires were given to the study subjects. A children's sleep habits questionnaire was administered to children with epilepsy, and the Pittsburgh sleep questionnaire was administered to their mothers. Sociodemographic and some clinical categorical variables of the patient group were evaluated using descriptive statistics. Evaluation of the data was conducted using the Wilcoxon and paired t-tests as parametric and non-parametric tests. RESULTS Of 24 patients scheduled to begin KDT between January 2019 and January 2020, 14 were included in the study. Regarding sleep quality, improvement was reported in 7 (50%) of 14 patients, deterioration in 5 (35.7%) patients, and no change was seen in 2 (14.3%) patients. Sleep quality was reported to improve in all working mothers. Seven (50%) patients reported no seizures and 6 (42.9%) patients reported more than 50% seizure reduction. Although there were improvements in sleep scores in both groups, these improvements were not statistically significant. A significant decrease in sleep anxiety was reported in children after the third month of the KDT (p = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study determined that three months of KDT offered significant improvement on the sleep anxiety of children with epilepsy. It was thought that paying attention to patient selection may lead to better sleep quality by increasing compliance to KDT. However, a larger scale study and longer term follow-up should be done.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aycan Ünalp
- Health Sciences University, İzmir Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics-İzmir, Turkey.
| | - Bahar Toklu Baysal
- Health Sciences University, Dr. Behçet Uz Childrens Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Serdar Sarıtaş
- Health Sciences University, Dr. Behçet Uz Childrens Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Yiğithan Güzin
- Health Sciences University, Dr. Behçet Uz Childrens Education and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatric Neurology-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Selvinaz Edizer
- Health Sciences University, İzmir Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Akışın
- Health Sciences University Dr. Behçet Uz Childrens Education and Research Hospital, Department of Nutrition and Dietitian, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ünsal Yılmaz
- Health Sciences University, İzmir Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics-İzmir, Turkey
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20
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Dokkedal-Silva V, Fernandes GL, Morelhão PK, Pires GN, Rowlett JK, Galduróz JCF, Berro LF, Tufik S, Andersen ML. Sleep, psychiatric and socioeconomic factors associated with substance use in a large population sample: A cross-sectional study. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2021; 210:173274. [PMID: 34547353 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multiple elements modulate drug use, including sleep, which is increasingly being considered as an important contributor to substance use and abuse. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between sleep, psychiatric and socioeconomic/demographic factors and substance use in a large-scale representative sample from the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Data from the 2007 São Paulo Epidemiological Sleep Study (EPISONO) database were used. In the EPISONO study, volunteers underwent a polysomnographic exam and completed a series of questionnaires to assess objective and subjective sleep quality and associated comorbidities. Drug use was assessed using the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST). Linear (univariate and multivariate) and logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with the use of the 4 most commonly used substances in the sample (tobacco, alcohol, cannabis and cocaine/crack). Structural equation models were used to establish theoretical networks to explain the relationship between sleep, psychiatric and socioeconomic factors and use of these substances. The logistic regression results showed that psychiatric symptoms, lower income, and poorer subjective sleep were the main factors associated with tobacco consumption; gender and occupational status with alcohol intake; age and occupation with cannabis use; and education with cocaine/crack use. The structural equation models partially supported these findings and identified significant effects of psychiatric symptoms on tobacco consumption, both directly and mediated by sleep. Our results reinforce previous findings concerning factors associated with generally misused substances and suggest that sleep should be considered as an important element in future substance use disorder studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Dokkedal-Silva
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Fernandes
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Priscila K Morelhão
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Gabriel N Pires
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo 04024-002, Brazil
| | - James K Rowlett
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N State St, Jackson, 39216 Jackson, United States
| | - José Carlos F Galduróz
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Laís F Berro
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N State St, Jackson, 39216 Jackson, United States.
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo 04024-002, Brazil
| | - Monica L Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, São Paulo 04024-002, Brazil
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21
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Crespo-Sanmiguel I, Zapater-Fajarí M, Pulopulos MM, Hidalgo V, Salvador A. Loneliness Mediates the Relationship Between Early Life Stress and Perceived Stress but not Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Functioning. Front Psychol 2021; 12:647265. [PMID: 34539480 PMCID: PMC8446206 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.647265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many authors have proposed that early life stress (ELS) provokes a dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and contributes negatively to the management of stress in adulthood. However, these associations have not always been observed, making it necessary to include new factors that could explain the different results found. In this regard, people with ELS experiences report less social support during adulthood, suggesting that loneliness could be a mediating factor. Thus, our aims were to investigate whether ELS was related to both perceived stress and diurnal HPA axis activity, and whether loneliness mediates these relationships, in a community sample (N=187, 18-55years old). Fourteen cortisol samples were collected on two non-consecutive days to obtain the overall diurnal cortisol, diurnal cortisol slope, and bedtime levels. Additionally, ELS was assessed with the Risky Families Questionnaire (RFQ) and the Recalled Childhood and Adolescence Perceived Stress (ReCAPS) measure. Results revealed that ELS was associated with perceived stress, but not HPA axis functioning, and loneliness mediated the relationship between ELS and perceived stress, but not between ELS and HPA axis functioning. Similar results were found for both ELS questionnaires, suggesting that the ReCAPS is an adequate tool. These results highlight the importance of loneliness in understanding the long-term effects of ELS, and they indicate different effects of ELS on subjective and physiological stress indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Crespo-Sanmiguel
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychobiology-IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mariola Zapater-Fajarí
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychobiology-IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Matias M Pulopulos
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Psychobiology, IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Vanesa Hidalgo
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Psychobiology, IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Alicia Salvador
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychobiology-IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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22
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Massar K, Kopplin N, Schelleman-Offermans K. Childhood Socioeconomic Position, Adult Educational Attainment and Health Behaviors: The Role of Psychological Capital and Health Literacy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179399. [PMID: 34501988 PMCID: PMC8430706 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Socioeconomic circumstances during childhood and adulthood are known to negatively affect health promoting behaviors. On the other hand, psychological capital (PsyCap) and health literacy are positively associated with these lifestyle behaviors. We, therefore, reasoned that PsyCap and health literacy might “buffer” the negative influences of socioeconomic circumstances on health-promoting behaviors. Method: We measured subjective childhood socioeconomic position (SEP) and adult educational attainment (as a proxy for adult socioeconomic circumstances), health literacy, PsyCap, and health behaviors (fruits and vegetables consumption, exercise, and sweets and cookies consumption) in a sample of N = 150 individuals (mean age 34.98 years, 66.7% female). Results: Bootstrapped mediation analyses including PsyCap and health literacy as parallel mediators revealed that: (I) The relationship between childhood SEP and (a) fruits and vegetables consumption and (b) exercise was mediated by PsyCap, and (II) the relationship between adult educational attainment and (a) fruits and vegetables consumption and (b) exercise was mediated by PsyCap and health literacy. We found no significant effects for consumption of sweets and cookies. Conclusion: These results suggest that larger studies are warranted that confirm the potential of PsyCap and health literacy in mitigating the negative effects of lower SEP on health behaviors and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn Massar
- Department of Work & Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence:
| | - Natalie Kopplin
- CP Consultingpartner AG, Venloer Straße 53, 50672 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Karen Schelleman-Offermans
- Department of Work & Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands;
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23
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MacKinnon AL, Tomfohr-Madsen L, Tough S. Neighborhood Socio-Economic Factors and Associations with Infant Sleep Health. Behav Sleep Med 2021; 19:458-470. [PMID: 32571082 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2020.1778478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Background: Sleep health is important for development and improves overall health. There are large socioeconomic gradients in sleep health, from childhood through adulthood. Recent findings suggest that children from neighborhoods with poorer socioeconomic conditions have more sleep problems. The current study aimed to investigate the associations between neighborhood factors and infant sleep health. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Secondary data analysis using Multilevel Modeling (MLM) was conducted for a subsample of 2445 women from the All our Families longitudinal cohort study, for whom early pregnancy neighborhood data could be geocoded. The Vancouver Area Neighborhood Deprivation Index (VANDIX) was calculated using census data to assess neighborhood SES. Neighborhood disorder was measured using community crime reports from police services. Mothers rated the perceived safety of their neighborhood and reported on their infants' nighttime sleep consolidation, awakenings, and onset latency at 12 months postpartum. RESULTS MLM indicated that neighborhood disorder and maternal perceptions of unsafety predicted less consolidated sleep after accounting for individual and family-level factors including maternal ethnicity, household income, breastfeeding duration, and co-sleeping. Neighborhood deprivation was indirectly related to less consolidated sleep among 12-month-old infants through more reports of disorder and maternal perceptions of less safety. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with the socio-ecological model of sleep, neighborhood-level, family, and individual factors influence infant sleep health. Policy efforts to increase neighborhood safety and public health initiatives to increase awareness of the importance of sleep could help improve infant sleep health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L MacKinnon
- Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Calgary
| | - Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Suzanne Tough
- Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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24
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John-Henderson NA, Oosterhoff B, Kothe KM, Kampf TD, Hall B, Johnson LR, LaFromboise ME, Malatare M, Salois EM, Adams AK, Carter JR. Loneliness and sleep in the American Indian Blackfeet community. Sleep Health 2021; 7:429-435. [PMID: 34217696 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep is largely understudied in American Indians (AIs), even though sleep is implicated in the chronic diseases which disproportionately affect AI communities. OBJECTIVE To investigate relationships between daily self-reported loneliness and sleep as measured with actigraphy. METHODS In a sample of 98 Blackfeet adults living on the Blackfeet reservation in Montana, we used Ecological Momentary Assessment and actigraphy over a week-long period to investigate relationships between loneliness and sleep. Loneliness was measured daily using the Short Loneliness Scale and actigraphy was used to measure total sleep time, sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and sleep efficiency (SE). RESULTS Using a series of generalized linear mixed-effects models controlling for demographic characteristics, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and adverse childhood experiences, we found that those who were lonelier had higher WASO and SOL, and lower SE relative to those who were less lonely. Within-subject effects indicate that participants who were lonelier for a given day relative to their own weekly average had higher WASO that night relative to their own weekly average. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide initial preliminary evidence suggesting that loneliness may be a psychosocial factor which contributes to poor sleep in AI communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha A John-Henderson
- Montana State University, Department of Psychology, Bozeman, Montana, USA; Montana State University, Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Bozeman, Montana, USA.
| | - Benjamin Oosterhoff
- Montana State University, Department of Psychology, Bozeman, Montana, USA; Montana State University, Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Karalee M Kothe
- Montana State University, Department of Psychology, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Taylor D Kampf
- Montana State University, Department of Psychology, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Emily M Salois
- Montana State University, Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Alexandra K Adams
- Montana State University, Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Jason R Carter
- Montana State University, Department of Psychology, Bozeman, Montana, USA; Montana State University, Department of Human Health and Development, Bozeman, Montana, USA
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25
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Sosso FAE, Khoury T. Socioeconomic status and sleep disturbances among pediatric population: a continental systematic review of empirical research. Sleep Sci 2021; 14:245-256. [PMID: 35186203 PMCID: PMC8848532 DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To this day, no consensus has been established on the definition and the conceptualization of the socioeconomic status (SES), since all the available studies on the relation between SES and health did not use the same conceptual framework and operationalization to assess SES. While literature reported that SES markers (such as income, social support networks, education, employment or occupation) influence the health of populations by shaping living conditions; empirical research does not tell us which SES markers affect more strongly the sleep components of the individuals, as well as which sleep disorders (SD) are affected and how. Even though several original studies have tried to assess how changes in socioeconomic status of parents may affect the psychosocial environment and mental health of an individual directly or through his community, no systematic reviews on the influence of SES on children's sleep are available. This systematic review make an update on the different measures of SES and sleep disturbances used for pediatric population across the different regions of the world. Recommendations for a future standardization of SES measures is proposed, for a better understanding of its influence on sleep disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- FA Etindele Sosso
- Department on Global Health and Ecoepidemiology,Redavi Institute, Montréal, Canada. ,Corresponding author: FA Etindele Sosso E-mail:
| | - Tommy Khoury
- Université de Montréal, Faculté de Médecine - Montréal - Québec - Canada
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John-Henderson NA. Childhood trauma as a predictor of changes in sleep quality in American Indian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep Health 2020; 6:718-722. [PMID: 33092992 PMCID: PMC7572354 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life adversity associates with poor sleep in adulthood and is believed to sensitize individuals to later stressors. Infectious disease outbreaks increase psychological stress, and life events impact sleep quality. American Indians have been disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE Investigate whether childhood trauma predicts changes in sleep quality following onset of the pandemic and test whether pandemic stress contributes to changes in sleep. METHODS In a sample of 210 American Indian adults (Age M (SD) = 55.09 (13.10), 59.5% female) demographics, childhood trauma and sleep quality were measured at Time 1. One month following the onset of the pandemic, psychological stress specific to the pandemic and sleep quality were measured. RESULTS Using linear regression controlling for age, sex, income, and sleep quality at Time 1, childhood adversity predicted both psychological stress specific to the pandemic and changes in sleep quality from Time 1 to Time 2 (β = 0.33, t(205) = 4.88, P < .001, ΔR2 = 0.10) and (β = 0.24, t(204) = 3.48, P < .001, ΔR2 = 0.05), respectively. Mediation analyses indicated a significant indirect effect between childhood adversity and changes in sleep quality through COVID-19 stress (indirect effect [standard error, SE] = (0.03[0.01], 95% confidence interval = [0.003, 0.03]). CONCLUSIONS In American Indians childhood trauma predicts greater declines in sleep quality associated with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, in part because greater psychological stress related to COVID-19. Future work should identify factors which alleviate stress related to life events for individuals who experienced childhood trauma in order to improve health behaviors and health.
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Association between socioeconomic status and the trajectory of insufficient sleep: Maternal emotional support as a moderator. Soc Sci Med 2020; 261:113237. [PMID: 32745826 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between SES and the trajectory of insufficient sleep among children aged 0.5-8 years and to investigate whether these associations vary by age. The moderating role of maternal emotional support was further explored. METHOD Data were obtained from 20,874 children participating in the Taiwan Birth Cohort Study. Multilevel models were conducted to explore the association between SES and the trajectory of insufficient sleep. The moderating role of maternal emotional support was examined by testing the significance of the interaction between SES and emotional support. RESULTS Low parental education and poverty contributed to increased risk of insufficient sleep, and the observed associations varied by age. Specifically, the influences of parental education increased with age, and the effects of poverty were significant only among preschoolaged children. Poverty dynamics were also significantly associated with an elevated risk of insufficient sleep, but the association was mitigated by maternal emotional support. CONCLUSIONS Children with low SES exhibited increased risk of insufficient sleep. Furthermore, the relationship between SES and insufficient sleep differed by age, with varying patterns emerging for different SES indicators. However, the negative influences of low SES could be mitigated by increasing maternal emotional support. Interventions that reduce SES disparity or enhance maternal emotional support could decrease the risk of insufficient sleep among children living with an SES disadvantage.
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Sheehan CM, Li L, Friedman EM. Quantity, timing, and type of childhood adversity and sleep quality in adulthood. Sleep Health 2020; 6:246-252. [PMID: 32085968 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated how quantity, timing, and type of childhood adversity were associated with subjectively reported and actigraphically measured sleep in adulthood. DESIGN This is a cross-sectional design. SETTING Data were collected from three clinical sites at the University of California, Los Angeles; the University of Wisconsin-Madison; and Georgetown, in the Washington, DC area. PARTICIPANTS The participants were a group of 863 U.S. adults aged 25-76 years who participated in the Biomarker Project in the Midlife in the United States Refresher study. MEASUREMENT Subjective sleep was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and actigraphic sleep measures included sleep-onset latency, sleep efficiency, wake time after sleep onset, and total sleep time. Participants retrospectively reported whether they experienced 18 adverse events before age 18 years and the ages they experienced the events. RESULTS Childhood adversity, operationalized as quantity (i.e., the total number of adverse events or experiencing 3 or more adverse events) and timing (i.e., experiencing adverse events during both childhood and adolescence) of adverse events, was related to worse subjective and actigraphic sleep (except for total sleep time) after adjusting for age, sex, and race. Models using the cumulative (i.e. dose-response) number of adverse events fit better than models using the timing and type specifications of childhood adversity in relation to subjective or actigraphic sleep measures (except for total sleep time). CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the importance of considering the quantity of childhood adversity in relation to self-reported and actigraphically measured sleep in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor M Sheehan
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Longfeng Li
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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Prichard JR. Sleep Predicts Collegiate Academic Performance: Implications for Equity in Student Retention and Success. Sleep Med Clin 2019; 15:59-69. [PMID: 32005350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
College students show high levels of insufficient sleep, excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep schedule irregularity, poor sleep quality, and inadequate sleep hygiene. This article describes the evidence linking poor sleep with impaired academic performance; discusses mediating environmental, behavioral, and demographic factors that correlate with sleep; and highlights examples of successful health promotion initiatives on college campuses. Given that students who are traditionally minoritized on college campuses tend to have worse sleep, improving sleep health emerges as an important issue for retention, equity, and inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Roxanne Prichard
- University of St. Thomas, 2115 Summit Avenue, JRC LL56, St Paul, MN 55105, USA.
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Miadich SA, Doane LD, Davis MC, Lemery-Chalfant K. Early parental positive personality and stress: Longitudinal associations with children's sleep. Br J Health Psychol 2019; 24:629-650. [PMID: 31004419 DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study examined the influence of early parental stress and positive parent personality during infancy on sleep in middle childhood. Further, the role of positive parent personality as a buffer of the association between parental stress and sleep was considered. METHODS Participants included 381 twins and their primary caregivers who were recruited from birth records in the United States. Primary caregivers completed survey assessments via phone when twins were 12 and 30 months of age to assess multiple dimensions of parental stress and positive parent personality. Approximately 6 years later (M = 5.78, SD = 0.42), twins participated in an intensive assessment that included wearing actigraph watches to provide an objective measurement of sleep, while primary caregivers completed daily diaries regarding twins' sleep. RESULTS Positive parent personality was associated prospectively with longer actigraphy sleep duration and higher parent-reported sleep quality/daytime functioning. Parental stress was associated prospectively with greater variability in sleep duration. Positive parent personality moderated the parental stress - sleep-timing relation, such that greater parental stress was associated with a later midpoint of the sleep period only for children with parents low on positive personality (e.g., low optimism). All other findings were non-significant. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that both positive attributes and stress may influence sleep in middle childhood and that low parent positive personality may exacerbate associations between parental stress and later timing of sleep periods in children. Early interventions to promote healthy sleeping may consider focusing on decreasing parental stress and increasing parental empathy and optimism as early as infancy. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Early-life experiences, especially adversity, have been related to health outcomes among adults and children, such that negative experiences are associated with poor health outcomes. Poor sleep (e.g., short duration, poor quality) among children is associated with negative outcomes including poorer cognitive performance and higher adiposity. What does this study add? This study used a prospective design to understand relations between early parent-related factors and child sleep. Early parental stress and positive parent personality were associated with objective sleep quality. Positive parent personality during infancy may have promotive/protective influences on sleep later in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leah D Doane
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Mary C Davis
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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John-Henderson NA, Williams SE, Brindle RC, Ginty AT. Changes in sleep quality and levels of psychological distress during the adaptation to university: The role of childhood adversity. Br J Psychol 2018; 109:694-707. [DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah E. Williams
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences; University of Birmingham; UK
| | - Ryan C. Brindle
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Pittsburgh; Pennsylvania USA
| | - Annie T. Ginty
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience; Baylor University; Waco Texas USA
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