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Amyoony J, Gorman M, Moss R, McSweeney MB. A consumer evaluation of salt-reduced tomato soup and vegetable juice made with grape pomace. J Food Sci 2024; 89:2438-2449. [PMID: 38389447 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Obesity and obesity-related illness have become an increasingly prevalent problem and there is a critical need to combat this by reducing sugar, salt, and fat consumption. Due to this concern, the food industry has been developing salt-reduced foods, however, these products need to maintain their sensory appeal and flavors, which has proven to be a challenge. Grape pomace (GP), the solids left after pressing grapes for winemaking and consisting of grape seeds and skins, has been proposed as an environmentally friendly solution that can enhance the acceptability of salt-reduced food products. However, GP is associated with a large number of flavor compounds. As such, the objective of this research is to investigate the acceptability of GP addition in salt-reduced foods. Two trials were conducted using hedonic scales and temporal check-all-that-apply (TCATA) to evaluate tomato soup (n = 88) and vegetable juice (n = 99). Each trial included a control and sample containing grape pomace. The addition of the GP decreased the consumers' overall liking and the liking of the flavor, as well as increasing consumers' perception of saltiness intensity. The samples made with GP were associated with bitterness, sourness, and wine flavor during the TCATA evaluations. The study identified that GP increased saltiness perception, however, it also adds other flavors to the food product, which decreased the acceptability of the food items. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: There is a consumer demand to create salt-reduced foods that do not have altered sensory properties. Furthermore, consumers are interested in sustainable and environmentally friendly ingredients. Grape pomace is a byproduct of the wine industry and has been proposed as an ingredient that can increase the saltiness perception of food products. Grape pomace was added to tomato soup and vegetable juice to evaluate its effect on consumer acceptability and saltiness perception. The grape pomace did increase saltiness perception, but also added bitterness, sourness, and wine flavor to the food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Amyoony
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Mackenzie Gorman
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Rachael Moss
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Matthew B McSweeney
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Ramírez R, Delgado J, Rocha-Pimienta J, Valdés ME, Martín-Mateos MJ, Ayuso-Yuste MC. Preservation of white wine pomace by high hydrostatic pressure. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21199. [PMID: 37942164 PMCID: PMC10628665 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of different high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatments (400, 600 MPa for 1, 6 min) on white wine pomace was studied throughout storage conditions (270 days) at different temperature conditions (4° and 20 °C). The final use of this product would be as an ingredient for food products preservation. Microbiological, enzyme and physico-chemical parameters were evaluated after processing and during storage. HHP greatly reduced the microbial counts of treated pomace and allowed obtaining a safe product with a long shelf-life at 4 and 20 °C. The HHP treatment also preserved phenolic compounds content, however an important reduction of these compounds was found during storage since the polyphenol oxidase enzyme remained active after the treatment and during storage. Phenolic compounds were better preserved during storage at 4 °C than at 20 °C. The application of HHP at 600 MPa/6 min and the refrigeration of the treated pomace would allow obtaining a microbiologically safe pomace with high levels of phenolic compounds with a shelf-life of 90 days. The activity of the enzyme should be limited in future to ensure a long shelf-life of the processed pomace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Ramírez
- Technological Agri-Food Institute (INTAEX). Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX). 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Jonathan Delgado
- Technological Agri-Food Institute (INTAEX). Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX). 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Javier Rocha-Pimienta
- Technological Agri-Food Institute (INTAEX). Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX). 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - M. Esperanza Valdés
- Technological Agri-Food Institute (INTAEX). Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX). 06071 Badajoz, Spain
| | - María Jesús Martín-Mateos
- Technological Agri-Food Institute (INTAEX). Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX). 06071 Badajoz, Spain
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Mahmoodi B, Aberoumand A, Ziaei‐nejad S, Seyyedi S. Effects of diets containing grape pomace on the growth, nutrition indices, and the quality traits of common carp ( Cyprinus carpio). Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6660-6669. [PMID: 37823121 PMCID: PMC10563757 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The fish diet is one of the essential factors in the development of aquaculture. The purpose of present study was to evaluate using grape pomace as a main feed ingredient on growth performance, body chemical composition, survival rate, and morphological indices of the carp (Cyprinus carpio). 200 fish with an average weight of 7 ± 0.4 g were randomly distributed in four tanks for total of 56 days. The fish were fed with a diet containing 5%, 10%, and 15% grape pomace in different feeding groups designated as G1, G2, and G3. The average daily weight gain (g), weights gain (g), and specific growth rate (%) were significantly higher (p < .05) in G3 as compared to G1 and G2 groups. The lowest feed conversion ratio was recorded in G3 group. The morphological indices, condition factors, viscerosomatic index, and hepatosomatic index were significantly higher in G3 group as compared to other treatments. The protein, fat, moisture, and ash contents in the C. carpio fillets were significantly influenced by feeding rate. The results showed that grape pomace had a positive effect on growth, survival, and nutritional indices in the carp fish. According to the obtained results, grape pomace (150 g/kg food) can be considered as the diet component for the carp fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barzan Mahmoodi
- Department of FisheriesBehbahan Khatam Alanbia University of TechnologyBehbahanIran
| | - Ali Aberoumand
- Department of FisheriesBehbahan Khatam Alanbia University of TechnologyBehbahanIran
| | - Saeed Ziaei‐nejad
- Department of FisheriesBehbahan Khatam Alanbia University of TechnologyBehbahanIran
| | - Sadra Seyyedi
- Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of TechnologyBehbahanIran
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4
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Meat quality, metabolic profile and antioxidant status of lambs fed on seedless grape pomace ( Vitis vinifera L.). ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2023-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
This study was aiming to research the effect of the seedless grape pomace (GP) added to feed mixture on meat quality, metabolic profile, and antioxidant status of Merinolandschaf lambs. The 90 days old lambs in the control group (C, n=10) were fed feed mixture without GP while in experimental groups were fed with 10% (GP10, n=10) or 20% (GP20, n=10) of GP in feed mixture for 30 days. There was a significant increase in L*, a* values and hue angle as well as a decrease in b* values of lamb carcasses in GP10 and GP20 compared to C group. When lambs were fed GP glucose concentrations decreased, while non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) increased on the 30th day in GP10 and GP20 compared with C group. A significant increase in SOD activity on day 30 and GPx activity on day 15 in lambs’ blood of GP10 and GP20 compared with C group was determined. Also, an increase in DPPH in lamb GP10 and GP20 compared with C was determined. The obtained results of the meat quality, metabolic profile and antioxidant status parameters of lamb meat showed that the use of 10% GP in the diet is justified, while 20% of GP was questionable.
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Farru G, Cappai G, Carucci A, De Gioannis G, Asunis F, Milia S, Muntoni A, Perra M, Serpe A. A cascade biorefinery for grape marc: Recovery of materials and energy through thermochemical and biochemical processes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157464. [PMID: 35868380 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The agro-industrial sector makes a high contribution to greenhouse gas emissions; therefore, proper waste management is crucial to reduce the carbon footprint of the food chain. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising and flexible thermochemical process for converting organic materials into energy and added-value products that can be used in different applications. In this work, grape marc residues before and after an extraction process for recovering polyphenols were hydrothermally treated at 220 °C for 1 h. The resulting hydrochar and process water were investigated to test an innovative cascade approach aimed at a multiple product and energy recovery based on the integration of HTC with anaerobic digestion. The results show that this biorefinery approach applied to grape marc could allow to diversify and integrate its potential valorisation options. The produced hydrochars possess an increased fixed carbon content compared to the feedstock (up to +70 %) and, therefore, can be used in soil, immobilizing carbon in a stable form and partially replacing peat in growing media (up to 5 % in case of hydrochar from grape marc after extraction), saving the consumption of this natural substrate. In addition, energy can be recovered from both hydrochar by combustion and from process water through anaerobic digestion to produce biogas. Hydrochars show good properties as solid fuel similar to lignite, with an energy content of around 27 MJ kg-1 (+30 % compared to the feedstock). The anaerobic digestion of the process water allowed obtaining up to 137 mL of biomethane per gram of fed COD. Finally, while HTC process waters are suitable for biological treatment, attention must be paid to the presence of inhibiting compounds that induce acute toxic effects in aerobic conditions. The proposed approach is consistent with the principles of circular economy and could increase the overall sustainability and resilience of the agro-industrial sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Farru
- DICAAR - Department of Civil - Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Cappai
- DICAAR - Department of Civil - Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; IGAG-CNR - Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering, National Research Council, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Carucci
- DICAAR - Department of Civil - Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; IGAG-CNR - Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering, National Research Council, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giorgia De Gioannis
- DICAAR - Department of Civil - Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; IGAG-CNR - Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering, National Research Council, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabiano Asunis
- DICAAR - Department of Civil - Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Milia
- IGAG-CNR - Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering, National Research Council, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Aldo Muntoni
- DICAAR - Department of Civil - Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; IGAG-CNR - Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering, National Research Council, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Matteo Perra
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, Cagliari 09124, Italy
| | - Angela Serpe
- DICAAR - Department of Civil - Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; IGAG-CNR - Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering, National Research Council, Via Marengo 2, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
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Effects of drying method on bioactive compounds contents, rumen fermentation parameters and in vitro methane output of waste dried País grape (Vitis vinifera L.) marc. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Erinle TJ, Adewole DI. Fruit pomaces-their nutrient and bioactive components, effects on growth and health of poultry species, and possible optimization techniques. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 9:357-377. [PMID: 35600557 PMCID: PMC9110891 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ever-growing human population, coupled with the exigent need to meet the increasing demand for poultry meat and egg, has put the onus on poultry nutritionists and farmers to identify alternative feed ingredients that could assure the least-cost feed formulation. In addition, the public desire for non-antibiotic-treated poultry products has also necessitated the ultimate search for potent antibiotic alternatives for use in poultry production. While some identified alternatives are promising, their cost implications and technical know-how requirements may discourage their ease of adoption in poultry. The use of plants and/or their by-products, like fruit pomaces, present a pocket-friendly advantage and as a result, are gaining much interest. This is traceable to their rich phytochemical profile, nutritional composition, ready availability, and relatively cheap cost. The fruit juice and wine pressing industries generate a plethora of fruit wastes annually. Interestingly, fruit pomaces contain appreciable dietary fibre, protein, and phenolic compounds, and thus, their adoption could serve the poultry industry in dual capacities including as substitutes to antibiotics and some conventional feedstuff. Thus, there is a possibility to reduce fruit wastes produced and feed-cost in poultry farming from environmental and economical standpoints, respectively. This review seeks to provide reinforcing evidence on the applicability and impact of fruit pomaces in poultry nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo J Erinle
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3 Canada
| | - Deborah I Adewole
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3 Canada
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Zhang X, Ke W, Ding Z, Xu D, Wang M, Chen M, Guo X. Microbial mechanisms of using feruloyl esterase-producing Lactobacillus plantarum A1 and grape pomace to improve fermentation quality and mitigate ruminal methane emission of ensiled alfalfa for cleaner animal production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 308:114637. [PMID: 35124318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the influence of feruloyl esterase-producing Lactobacillus plantarum A1 (Lp A1) and grape pomace (GP) alone, or in combination (LG) on ensiling characteristics and bacterial community, in vitro ruminal fermentation, methane (CH4) emission, and the microbiota of ensiled alfalfa. Alfalfa at 42% dry matter (DM) was treated in a 2 × 2 factorial design: with the application of Lp A1 at 0 (control) or 1 × 106 cfu/g of fresh forage, and GP at 0 or 5% of fresh forage. After 60 d of ensiling, a decrease in nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) was observed in GP treated silage. Lp A1 inoculated silage had a lower fiber content than silages without Lp A1. The lowest NPN was found in silage treated with LG, and an obvious increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus paracasei was detected in silages treated with Lp A1 and LG, respectively. In vitro ruminal experiments indicated that, although the application of GP deceased ruminal total gas, CH4 production, nitrogen degradation and the number of methanogenic archaea in alfalfa silage, it also reduced silage DM digestibility. In contrast, inoculation with Lp A1 not only increased DM digestibility and populations of ruminal Ruminococcus flavefaciens and fungi, but also improved ruminal total gas and CH4 production. As expected, LG treatment decreased alfalfa silage ruminal total gas and CH4 production relative to Lp A1 treatment alone, and increased silage DM digestibility compared with GP treated silage. In conclusion, the application of LG before ensiling alfalfa, balanced silage proteolysis, feed digestibility, and CH4 emission, and could be a promising strategy for using food industry by-products to produce a nutritional and environmentally-friendly legume silage that will mitigate N and greenhouse gas emissions from ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Probiotics and Bio-feed Research Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China
| | - Wencan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Probiotics and Bio-feed Research Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China
| | - Zitong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Probiotics and Bio-feed Research Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China
| | - Dongmei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Probiotics and Bio-feed Research Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China
| | - Musen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Probiotics and Bio-feed Research Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China
| | - Menyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Probiotics and Bio-feed Research Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China
| | - Xusheng Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China; Probiotics and Bio-feed Research Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, PR China.
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Tran TT, McCullum R, Vuong Q. Incorporation of fruit by-products on edible seaweed based films: A review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2042556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thuy T.B. Tran
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, Australia
- Faculty of Food Technology, Nha Trang University, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam
| | - Rebecca McCullum
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, Australia
| | - Quan Vuong
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, Australia
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De Bellis P, Maggiolino A, Albano C, De Palo P, Blando F. Ensiling Grape Pomace With and Without Addition of a Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Strain: Effect on Polyphenols and Microbiological Characteristics, in vitro Nutrient Apparent Digestibility, and Gas Emission. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:808293. [PMID: 35280128 PMCID: PMC8907520 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.808293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of different grape pomace storage techniques on the effectiveness as feed on in vitro ruminant digestion efficiency. Grape pomace from an autochthonous red grape variety (cv Nero di Troia) was used as fresh (GP) or ensiled, both without additives (SIL) and with the addition of a bacterial strain, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 5BG (SIL+). All the different storage treatments were subject to chemical and microbiological evaluation, as well as in vitro digestibility, and gas production. Microbiological data revealed the good quality of grape pomace and silages due to the lactic acid bacteria populations and low presence, or absence, of undesirable microorganisms. The addition of L. plantarum 5BG influenced the chemical characteristics of the silage (SIL+). Ensiling technique deeply changed the polyphenolic composition, reducing anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavanols (condensed tannins precursors), particularly when L. plantarum 5BG was added. Antioxidant capacity was reduced by ensiling, in correlation with the polyphenolic content decrease. The oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value of SIL+ was the lowest (P < 0.01) and its total phenol content was lower than SIL (P < 0.01). No statistical differences were observed between GP, SIL, and SIL+ on the antioxidant capacity by TEAC assay (P > 0.05). Ensiling did not affect the grape pomace nutrient profile, except for the reduction in NFC content. Apparent in vitro digestibility showed how ensiling increased dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) disappearance (P < 0.01), particularly with the L. plantarum 5BG inoculation. Moreover, SIL+ showed the lowest propionic acid (P < 0.05) and the highest methane (P < 0.01), butyric acid (P < 0.01), and nitrogen (P < 0.05) in vitro production. Ensiling GP resulted in a better in vitro digestibility, particularly if L. plantarum 5BG strain is added, probably due to the reduction of flavanols and their lower microbial activity inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palmira De Bellis
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Bari, Italy
| | - Aristide Maggiolino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
- *Correspondence: Aristide Maggiolino
| | - Clara Albano
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Palo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Federica Blando
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), Lecce, Italy
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Wu H, Zhang P, Zhang F, Shishir MSR, Chauhan SS, Rugoho I, Suleria H, Zhao G, Cullen B, Cheng L. Effect of Grape Marc Added Diet on Live Weight Gain, Blood Parameters, Nitrogen Excretion, and Behaviour of Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030225. [PMID: 35158548 PMCID: PMC8833543 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This experiment explored how feeding grape wine production waste product grape marc impacts on sheep production. Forty merino sheep were divided into two groups; one group received a sheep industry standard diet (control), and one group received a treatment diet which had 20% of the control diet replaced by grape marc. The results showed that the grape marc diet led to a higher intake and faecal nitrogen/urinary nitrogen ratio, but no difference in sheep live weight gain, behaviour, and parasitic egg count compared with control diet-fed sheep. Overall, the results showed that feeding grape wine production waste product grape marc as a cheap feed, to replace 20% of the control ration, can maintain sheep productivity, health, and environmental sustainability. Abstract A 39-day field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of grape marc (GM) feeding on sheep productivity, health, and environmental sustainability. Forty merino sheep were divided into two dietary groups, each having five replications (n = 4 sheep/replication). Experimental diet consisted of: (i) control: 55% lucerne hay + 40% wheat grain + 5% faba bean; (ii) GM treatment: control diet with 20% replaced by GM on a dry matter (DM) basis. The GM treatment contained 2–10% higher phytochemical contents than the control. The DMI from the GM treatment was 15% higher than the control (p < 0.001). No difference was found in sheep live weight gain, behaviour, and quality between groups (p > 0.05). No difference was found in total faecal production, faecal organic matter, and nitrogen contents (p > 0.05) and parasitic egg count. The GM treatment led to higher nitrogen intake (23.1 vs. 27.2 g/d) and faecal nitrogen excretion (6.3 vs. 8.7 g/d) compared to the control. Urinary creatinine, allantoin, and purine derivatives were lower in the GM treatment than control (p < 0.05). However, both groups had similar purine derivatives/DMI (i.e., indicator of rumen microbial protein synthesis efficiency; p > 0.05). Overall, the results showed that GM can replace 20% of the control ration to maintain sheep productivity, health, and environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichu Wu
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3647, Australia; (H.W.); (P.Z.); (F.Z.); (M.S.R.S.); (S.S.C.); (H.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Pangzhen Zhang
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3647, Australia; (H.W.); (P.Z.); (F.Z.); (M.S.R.S.); (S.S.C.); (H.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Fan Zhang
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3647, Australia; (H.W.); (P.Z.); (F.Z.); (M.S.R.S.); (S.S.C.); (H.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Md Safiqur Rahaman Shishir
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3647, Australia; (H.W.); (P.Z.); (F.Z.); (M.S.R.S.); (S.S.C.); (H.S.); (B.C.)
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Surinder S. Chauhan
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3647, Australia; (H.W.); (P.Z.); (F.Z.); (M.S.R.S.); (S.S.C.); (H.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Innocent Rugoho
- Lely Australia Pty Ltd., 84 Agar Drive, Truganina, VIC 3029, Australia;
| | - Hafiz Suleria
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3647, Australia; (H.W.); (P.Z.); (F.Z.); (M.S.R.S.); (S.S.C.); (H.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Guangyong Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Brendan Cullen
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3647, Australia; (H.W.); (P.Z.); (F.Z.); (M.S.R.S.); (S.S.C.); (H.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Long Cheng
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3647, Australia; (H.W.); (P.Z.); (F.Z.); (M.S.R.S.); (S.S.C.); (H.S.); (B.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-481905929
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12
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Monitoring Commercial Starter Culture Development in Presence of Red Grape Pomace Powder to Produce Polyphenol-Enriched Fresh Ovine Cheeses at Industrial Scale Level. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Red grape Nero d’Avola cultivar grape pomace powder (GPP) was applied during fresh ovine cheese production in order to increase polyphenol content. Before cheeses were produced, the bacteria of a freeze-dried commercial starter culture were isolated and tested in vitro against GPP. Two dominant strains, both resistant to GPP, were identified. Thestarter culture was inoculated in pasteurized ewe’s milk and the curd was divided into two bulks, one added with 1% (w/w) GPP and another one GPP-free. GPP did not influence the starter culture development, since lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts were 109 CFU/g in both cheeses at 30 d. To exclude the interference of indigenous LAB, the pasteurized milk was analyzed, and several colonies of presumptive LAB were isolated, purified and typed. Four strains were allotted into Enterococcus and Lacticaseibacillus genera. The direct comparison of the polymorphic profiles of cheese bacteria evidenced the dominance of the starter culture over milk LAB. The addition of GPP increased cheese total phenolic compounds by 0.42 g GAE/kg. Sensory evaluation indicated that GPP-enriched cheese was well appreciated by the judges, providing evidence that GPP is a suitable substrate to increase the availability of total phenolic content in fresh ovine cheese.
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13
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Cultivating oyster mushrooms on red grape pomace waste enhances potential nutritional value of the spent substrate for ruminants. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246992. [PMID: 33592025 PMCID: PMC7886220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of red grape pomace (GP; Vitis vinifera L. var. Shiraz) as a source of beneficial bioactive compounds in ruminant diets is limited by high levels of indigestible compounds in the grape skin matrix. This problem demands innovative, inexpensive, and easy-to-use strategies that improve the digestibility of GP. The bioconversion of GP using edible oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) is one such strategy that has not been previously explored. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of cultivating oyster mushrooms on GP on chemical composition and in vitro ruminal fermentation parameters of the spent mushroom substrate. The GP was inoculated with oyster mushroom spawns at 0, 200, 300, 400, or 500 g/kg, and incubated for 4 weeks. Organic matter, acid detergent lignin, sodium, manganese, cobalt, and copper linearly declined (P < 0.05) as spawn rates increased. A quadratic trend was observed for crude protein, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, magnesium, phosphorus, and calcium content in response to increasing spawn rates. Higher spawning rates (20–50%) had a positive effect (P < 0.05) on gas production from the immediately fermentable fraction (a), rate of gas production from the slowly fermentable fraction (c) and effective gas production. However, gas production from the slowly fermentable fraction (b) and potential gas production linearly declined in response to increasing spawning rates. There was a linear increase (P < 0.05) in the immediately degradable fraction (a), while quadratic effects were observed for partition factors, effective degradability, and in vitro organic matter degradability at 48 h in response to spawning rates. It can be concluded that inoculating GP with oyster mushroom spawn reduced fibre content while increasing crude protein content and in vitro ruminal fermentation efficiency of red grape pomace. Based on the quadratic responses of partition factors at 48 hours post-inoculation, the optimum spawning rate for maximum ruminal fermentation efficiency of GP was determined to be 300 g/kg.
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14
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Reyes P, Urquiaga I, Echeverría G, Durán E, Morales MS, Valenzuela C. Wine grape pomace flour in broiler diets effects growth and some meat characteristics. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1071/an19385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Context
Grape pomace maybe useful in broiler diets as a source of low cost antioxidants.
Aims
The objective of this work was to determine the effect of including high concentrations of wine-grape pomace flour (WGPF) in broiler chicken diets on productive parameters and antioxidant capacity of the meat.
Methods
WGPF of white (WGPF-W) and red (WGPF-R) grape varieties were nutritionally and chemically characterised. Then, 120 broiler chickens were allocated to three isoenergetic and isoproteic feeding treatments: 0% WGPF (Control), 20% WGPF-W and 20% WGPF-R.
Key results
WGPF-W had no effect on bodyweight, daily weight gain, feed intake or feed conversion ratio (FCR). However, FCR was higher for WGPF-R treatment at the end of the study (Day 42). Meanwhile, breast meat from WGPF-R treatment had the highest content of ether extract (P < 0,05), followed by WGPF-W and by control treatment, due to the addition of higher amounts of soy oil to those diets with WGPF to ensure an isoenergetic composition. Breast and leg meat, respectively, showed greater antioxidant capacity (µM Trolox Eq/g) when WGPF-W (16.7 and 16.4) was fed, than the antioxidant capacity obtained for control (13.8 and 13.8) and WGPF-R (11.9 and 14.2) treatments.
Conclusions
Inclusion of 20% of WGPF-W increased antioxidant capacity of chicken meat by 17%, without decreasing productive parameters, provided the diets were made isoenergetic and isoproteic by adding soy oil.
Implications
The grape pomace flour could be useful in the diet of other animals.
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15
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Effect of grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinotage) pomace supplementation on nutrient utilization in finisher lambs. Small Rumin Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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16
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Gao X, Tang F, Zhang F, Jia C, Yang Z, Liu C, Gao W. Effects of the supplementation of distillers' grape residues on ruminal degradability, whole tract digestibility and nitrogen metabolism in sheep. Arch Anim Nutr 2019; 73:384-398. [PMID: 31315463 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2019.1590142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Five ruminally and duodenally cannulated Kazakh male lambs (30 ± 2.75 kg) maintained singly in a metabolic cage were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square experiment to investigate the effect of supplementing a ration with five different levels of distillers' grape residue (DGR) on ruminal degradability, whole tract digestibility and nitrogen (N) metabolism of growing lambs. The rations were isoenergetic and isonitrogenous and contained 0, 3.85, 7.70, 11.55 and 15.41% DGR (DM basis). Each experimental period lasted for 18 d: 10 d for adaptation to the dietary treatment and 8 d for faecal, urinary, ruminal and duodenal digesta sample collections. The outflow rate of ruminal digesta increased (p = 0.032) linearly with the increased level of dietary neutral detergent fibre content, caused by the supplementation of DGR. As a result, the effective degradability of dry matter and crude protein decreased significantly with the treatments. Although the dietary intake of N, duodenal flow of total N, and the endogenous N at the duodenum were not affected by experimental treatments, N fractions in the digesta were altered. Ruminal microbial N decreased (p < 0.01) linearly; in contrast, ruminal un-degradable protein increased linearly (p < 0.01) in response to the increased addition of DGR. Although there was no significant difference in faecal N among treatments, N retention was increased linearly (p = 0.014), owing to the remarkable reduction (p = 0.016) of urinary N excretion with an increasing level of DGR. The results indicate that the DGR has some potential benefits of increasing the supply of bypass protein and of improving the utilisation efficiency of N for sheep. Therefore, the supplementation of DGR in ruminant feeding is recommended at levels not exceeding 10% of the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmei Gao
- a College of Animal Science & Technology, Shihezi University , Shihezi City , P. R. China
| | - Fu Tang
- a College of Animal Science & Technology, Shihezi University , Shihezi City , P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- a College of Animal Science & Technology, Shihezi University , Shihezi City , P. R. China
| | - Chunyun Jia
- a College of Animal Science & Technology, Shihezi University , Shihezi City , P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Yang
- a College of Animal Science & Technology, Shihezi University , Shihezi City , P. R. China
| | - Chenli Liu
- a College of Animal Science & Technology, Shihezi University , Shihezi City , P. R. China
| | - Wei Gao
- a College of Animal Science & Technology, Shihezi University , Shihezi City , P. R. China
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17
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Messina CM, Manuguerra S, Catalano G, Arena R, Cocchi M, Morghese M, Montenegro L, Santulli A. Green biotechnology for valorisation of residual biomasses in nutraceutic sector: Characterization and extraction of bioactive compounds from grape pomace and evaluation of the protective effects in vitro. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:331-336. [PMID: 31170811 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1619727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The grape pomace (GP) is an important by-product of winemaking, accounting for about 13-25% of the grapes processed. The aim of this work was to investigate the nutritional and antioxidant composition of GP obtained from Nero d'Avola (NA) grape, one of the most important indigenous varieties in Italy, in order to verify application in nutraceutics. Seeds and skin of the GP were studied for their nutritional and antioxidants composition, fatty acid and polyphenols profile, bioactives properties in vitro, by gravimetric, spectrophotometric and chromatographic techniques. The results showed that NAGP seeds are rich in the beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids and that the polyphenols extracted from the GP skin present a strong antiradical and antiproliferative activity, attested also in vitro, in human skin fibroblast (HS-68) and in hepatoma cell line (Hep-G2). Obtained results underline the possibility to employ this residual biomass for nutraceuticals application, contributing also to increase the sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Maria Messina
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Trapani, Italy
| | - Simona Manuguerra
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Trapani, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Catalano
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Trapani, Italy
| | - Rosaria Arena
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Trapani, Italy
| | - Massimo Cocchi
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Morghese
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Trapani, Italy
| | - Lucia Montenegro
- Department of Drug Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Santulli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare DiSTeM, Laboratorio di Biochimica Marina ed Ecotossicologia, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Trapani, Italy.,Istituto di biologia Marina, Consorzio Universitario della Provincia di Trapani, Trapani, Italy
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18
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Romaniello R, Tamborrino A, Leone A. Development of a centrifugal separator for grape marc: effect of the blade position and rotor speed on grape seed separation performance. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01314. [PMID: 30906894 PMCID: PMC6411499 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to find a method to separate grape seeds and soft solids from fresh marc at the end of wine-making processes. Interest in these by-products is growing owing to the high content of phytochemicals and other components useful in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. A prototype centrifugal separator was developed and its separation performance was evaluated. Four different reel speed rotations (480, 576, 687, and 842 rpm) and two different blade adjustments (Type-A blade with 1.5 mm and Type-B blade with 8.5 mm) were evaluated at the same mass flow rate (350 kg·h-1). Results showed that the separation of seeds from the fresh grape marc using a centrifugal separator is possible and that this could be achieved by setting the optimal rotation speed of the reel (480 rpm) and establishing the best distance between the blades and the cylindrical separator (8.5 mm with TypeB blades).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Romaniello
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25 - 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonia Tamborrino
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Leone
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25 - 71122, Foggia, Italy
- Corresponding author.
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19
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Effect of ensiled crimped grape marc on energy intake, performance and gas emissions of beef cattle. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Silva Soares SC, de Lima GC, Carlos Laurentiz A, Féboli A, dos Anjos LA, de Paula Carlis MS, da Silva Filardi R, da Silva de Laurentiz R. In vitro anthelmintic activity of grape pomace extract against gastrointestinal nematodes of naturally infected sheep. Int J Vet Sci Med 2018; 6:243-247. [PMID: 30564603 PMCID: PMC6286422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Grape pomace obtained as a byproduct of industrial processing of grapes retains nutrients and substances with anthelmintic potential such as saponins, tannins, and flavonoids. Therefore, this study evaluated the in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of hydroalcoholic grape pomace extract against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. The anthelmintic evaluation was performed by in vitro assays with eggs and larvae of nematodes obtained from naturally infected donor sheep. The grape pomace extract showed high in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity with LD50 values of 0.30 mg/mL for egg hatching inhibition, 1.01 mg/mL for larval development inhibition and 100% efficacy in larval migration inhibition assays at all concentrations evaluated. The effect of tannins was evaluated by the addition of 50 mg/mL polyvinyl polypyrrolidone to grape pomace extract at the concentration of 12.5 mg/mL. The in vitro ovicidal activity of grape pomace was reduced by only 15% after polyvinyl polypyrrolidone addition, indicating that other phytochemicals also contribute to the ovicidal activity displayed by the extract. Our results demonstrate that grape pomace exhibits in vitro anthelmintic activity, suggesting that, beyond its nutritional potential, this pomace can also be an ally for gastrointestinal nematode control in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suelen Carolina Silva Soares
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Gilmar Cotrin de Lima
- Departamento de Biologia e Zootecnia, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Laurentiz
- Departamento de Biologia e Zootecnia, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Aline Féboli
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Luciano Alves dos Anjos
- Departamento de Biologia e Zootecnia, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Matheus Souza de Paula Carlis
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Rosimeire da Silva Filardi
- Departamento de Biologia e Zootecnia, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil
| | - Rosangela da Silva de Laurentiz
- Departamento de Física e Química, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Ilha Solteira, São Paulo 15385-000, Brazil
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21
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Iannaccone M, Elgendy R, Giantin M, Martino C, Giansante D, Ianni A, Dacasto M, Martino G. RNA Sequencing-Based Whole-Transcriptome Analysis of Friesian Cattle Fed with Grape Pomace-Supplemented Diet. Animals (Basel) 2018; 8:ani8110188. [PMID: 30360570 PMCID: PMC6262483 DOI: 10.3390/ani8110188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Grape pomace (GPO) is an important source of polyphenols which are known to have antioxidant properties. In the past decade, GPO has received some attention as a bioactive dietary component in farm animals’ diet. In this study, we have analyzed the whole-transcriptome of Friesian calves fed with a GPO-supplemented diet using RNA-sequencing. We noted that the most affected pathway was the cholesterol lipid biosynthesis and this effect was consistent with a reduction in both serum cholesterol and lipid oxidation in the carcasses. This study provides evidence on the antioxidant property of GPO-supplemented diet, from a molecular biology standpoint. Abstract Grape pomace (GPO), the main by-product of the wine making process, is a rich source of polyphenols with potent antioxidant properties. Recently, GPO has emerged as a potential feed additive in livestock nutrition, with several reports describing its beneficial effects on animals’ overall health status or production traits. However, little is known about it from a molecular biology standpoint. In the present study, we report the first RNA sequencing-based whole-transcriptome profiling of Friesian calves fed with a GPO-supplemented diet. We identified 367 differentially expressed genes (p < 0.05) in the GPO-supplemented calves (n = 5), when compared with unsupplemented control group (n = 5). The pathway analysis showed that ‘cholesterol lipid biosynthesis’ was the most negatively-enriched (p < 0.001) pathway in the GPO-supplemented animals. In specific terms, five important genes coding for cholesterol biosynthesis enzymes, namely the Farnesyl-diphosphate Farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT-1), Squalene Epoxidase (SQLE), NAD(P)-dependent Steroid Dehydrogenase-like (NSDHL), Methylsterol Monooxygenase (MSMO)-1, and Sterol-C5-desaturase (SC5D), two major transcription factors (the Sterol Regulatory Element-binding Transcription Factor 1 and 2), as well as the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (LDLR), were all downregulated following GPO supplementation. Such an effect was mirrored by a reduction of blood cholesterol levels (p = 0.07) and a lowered (p < 0.001) Malondialdehyde (lipid oxidation marker) level in carcasses. We provide evidence on the effects of GPO-supplemented diets on the whole-transcriptome signature in veal calves, which mainly reflects an antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Iannaccone
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Ramy Elgendy
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (Padua), Italy.
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Mery Giantin
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (Padua), Italy.
| | - Camillo Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Daniele Giansante
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise "G. Caporale", Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italia.
| | - Andrea Ianni
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Mauro Dacasto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro (Padua), Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Martino
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture, and Environment, University of Teramo, Via R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
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22
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Citrus and Winery Wastes: Promising Dietary Supplements for Sustainable Ruminant Animal Nutrition, Health, Production, and Meat Quality. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10103718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Citrus and grapes are the most widely grown fruits globally, with one-third of total production used for juice and wine making. The juice and winemaking processes generate large quantities of solid organic wastes including citrus pulp and grape pomace. These fruit wastes pose serious economic, environmental, and social challenges, especially in low-to-middle-income countries due to financial, technological, and infrastructural limitations. They are, however, rich in valuable compounds which can be utilized in the ruminant livestock industry as novel, economical, and natural sources of cellulose, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and phytochemicals, which have nutritional, anthelmintic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. Despite citrus and grape fruit wastes having such potential, they remain underexploited by the livestock industry in low-to-middle-income countries owing to lack of finance, skills, technology, and infrastructure. Inclusion of these fruit wastes in ruminant diets could combine the desirable effects of enhancing animal nutrition, health, welfare, production, and meat quality attributes with the prevention of challenges associated with their disposal into the environment. The current review explores the valorization potential of citrus and winery wastes as dietary supplements to sustainably enhance ruminant animal nutrition, health, welfare, production, and meat quality.
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23
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Chikwanha OC, Muchenje V, Nolte JE, Dugan MER, Mapiye C. Grape pomace (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinotage) supplementation in lamb diets: Effects on growth performance, carcass and meat quality. Meat Sci 2018; 147:6-12. [PMID: 30172086 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of feeding graded levels of sun-dried red grape pomace (GP; 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20%) on growth, carcass and meat physico-chemical quality attributes of Dohne Merino lambs for 42 days. Dry matter intake increased quadratically with a critical value (i.e., optimum inclusion level) of 11.3% GP (P ≤ 0.05). Diet exhibited similar quadratic responses for average daily gain, live, hot and cold carcass weights with optimum inclusion levels at 9.6, 9.7, 12, 2 and 12.1, respectively (P ≤ 0.05). Overall, meat quality traits were not negatively affected by GP inclusion (P > .05). Gross profit was influenced by diet, with an optimum inclusion level at 12.2% (quadratic; P ≤ 0.05). Overall, inclusion of 12.2% GP in lamb finishing diets at the expense of oat bran and wheat bran middlings improved lamb productivity, without compromising meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obert C Chikwanha
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - Voster Muchenje
- Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa
| | | | - Michael E R Dugan
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cletos Mapiye
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
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24
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Mousa SA, Malik PK, Kolte AP, Bhatta R, Kasuga S, Uyeno Y. Evaluation of in vitro ruminal fermentation of ensiled fruit byproducts and their potential for feed use. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2018; 32:103-109. [PMID: 29879816 PMCID: PMC6325409 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective Ensiling of tannin-rich fruit byproducts (FB) involves quantitative and qualitative changes in the tannins, which would consequently change the rumen fermentation characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate whether ensiled FBs are effective in mitigating methane emission from ruminants by conducting in vitro assessments. Methods Fruit byproducts (grape pomace, wild grape pomace, and persimmon skin) were collected and subjected to four-week ensiling by Lactobacillus buchneri inoculant. A defined feed component with or without FB samples (both fresh and ensiled material) were subjected to in vitro anaerobic culturing using rumen fluid sampled from beef cattle, and the fermentation parameters and microbial populations were monitored. Results Reduced methane production and a proportional change in total volatile fatty acids (especially enhanced propionate proportion) was noted in bottles containing the FBs compared with that in the control (without FB). In addition, we found lower gene copy number of archaeal 16S rRNA and considerably higher levels of one of the major fibrolytic bacteria (Fibrobacter succinogenes) in the bottles containing FBs than in the control, particularly, when it was included in a forage-based feed. However, in the following cultivation experiment, we observed that FBs failed to exhibit a significant difference in methane production with or without polyethylene glycol, implying that tannins in the FBs may not be responsible for the mitigation of methane generation. Conclusion The results of the in vitro cultivation experiments indicated that not only the composition but also ensiling of FBs affected rumen fermentation patterns and the degree of methane generation. This is primarily because of the compositional changes in the fibrous fraction during ensiling as well as the presence of readily fermented substrates, whereas tannins in these FBs seemed to have little effect on the ruminal fermentation kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa A Mousa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa 3994598, Japan.,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Pradeep K Malik
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru 560030, India
| | - Atul P Kolte
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru 560030, India
| | - Raghavendra Bhatta
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru 560030, India
| | - Shigemitsu Kasuga
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa 3994598, Japan
| | - Yutaka Uyeno
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa 3994598, Japan
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Muhlack RA, Potumarthi R, Jeffery DW. Sustainable wineries through waste valorisation: A review of grape marc utilisation for value-added products. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 72:99-118. [PMID: 29132780 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Grapes are one of the most cultivated fruits worldwide, with one third of total production used in winemaking. Both red and white winemaking processes result in substantial quantities of solid organic waste, such as grape marc (pomace) and stalks, which requires suitable disposal. Grape marc accounts for approximately 10-30% of the mass of grapes crushed and contains unfermented sugars, alcohol, polyphenols, tannins, pigments, and other valuable products. Being a natural plant product rich in lignocellulosic compounds, grape marc is also a promising feedstock for renewable energy production. However, despite grape marc having such potential, advanced technologies to exploit this have not been widely adopted in wineries and allied industries. This review covers opportunities beyond traditional composting and animal feed, and examines value-added uses via the extraction of useful components from grape marc, as well as thermochemical and biological treatments for energy recovery, fuel or beverage alcohol production, and specialty novel products and applications such as biosurfactants and environmental remediation. New advances in relevant technology for each of these processes are discussed, and future directions proposed at both individual producer and regional facility scales, including advanced processing techniques for integrated ethanol production followed by bioenergy generation from the spent marc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Muhlack
- The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, and Department of Wine and Food Science, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Ravichandra Potumarthi
- The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, and Department of Wine and Food Science, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - David W Jeffery
- The Australian Research Council Training Centre for Innovative Wine Production, and Department of Wine and Food Science, The University of Adelaide, PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia.
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Yu J, Bansode RR, Smith IN, Hurley SL. Impact of grape pomace consumption on the blood lipid profile and liver genes associated with lipid metabolism of young rats. Food Funct 2017; 8:2731-2738. [PMID: 28725902 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00542c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we investigated the effects of grape pomace (GP) in diet on body weight, blood lipid profile, and expression of liver genes associated with lipid metabolism using a young rat model. In this study, twenty female Sprague-Dawley rats at 7 weeks of age were randomly divided into 4 groups, which were fed modified AIN-93G diets containing 0% (control), 6.9%, 13.8%, and 20.7% of GP for 10 weeks. Feed consumption and body weight were weekly determined. Blood samples were obtained at the beginning and end of the feeding period for cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and glucose analysis. At the end of the feeding period, all rats were fasted overnight and euthanized. Heart, kidney, and liver samples were obtained and weighed. Liver tissues were used for gene expression analysis. GP-containing diet did not influence the body weight of the rats. As GP content increased, blood triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) decreased (P < 0.05), high density lipoprotein (HDL) slightly increased but was not statistically significant, total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) significantly increased (P < 0.05), blood glucose decreased, and ALT level slightly increased. The expressions of liver genes associated with fatty acid synthesis and lipid hydrolysis/metabolism were moderately downregulated by the GP diet. The study suggests that regular consumption of a diet containing appropriate amount of GP may help in the reduction of body fat accumulation and prevention of obesity. This is the first study revealing the change in gene expression caused by long-term consumption of GP-containing diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Yu
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA.
| | - Rishipal R Bansode
- Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Suite 4222, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Ivy N Smith
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA.
| | - Steven L Hurley
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina A&T State University, 1601 East Market Street, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
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Chedea VS, Pelmus RS, Lazar C, Pistol GC, Calin LG, Toma SM, Dragomir C, Taranu I. Effects of a diet containing dried grape pomace on blood metabolites and milk composition of dairy cows. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:2516-2523. [PMID: 27711962 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of a diet containing 15% grape pomace (GP) on the general health status and milk quality of dairy cows was assessed by plasma biochemistry and total polyphenol (TP) content, milk polyphenols, milk composition and milk protein fractions. RESULTS Among the polyphenols measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy in GP, in feed containing GP (GP+) or not containing GP (GP-), gallic acid and epicatechin were present in the highest concentrations (67.58 and 19.23 µg mL-1 , respectively). Higher amounts of TP were also detected in the blood plasma of GP+ cows (114.06 and 83.93 mg GAE L-1 , respectively) but not in their milk (233.17 and 245.75 mg GAE L-1 , respectively). Also a significant increase was found for lactose and β-lactoglobulin, although there was no effect on α-lactalbumin, albumin, secretory components and caseins. CONCLUSION Inclusion of 15% GP in the diets of dairy cows is beneficial for overall normal blood constituent metabolism and helps to maintain cow health. The milk of cows fed with a GP diet preserves the normal levels of fat, protein and caseins, and has increased levels of components that make this milk a versatile ingredient material for the food industry (e.g. model whey powders, stability of lactose-rich powders). © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Sanda Chedea
- Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania
| | - Rodica Stefania Pelmus
- Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania
| | - Cristina Lazar
- Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania
| | - Gina Cecilia Pistol
- Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania
| | - Loredana Georgeta Calin
- Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania
| | - Smaranda Mariana Toma
- Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania
| | - Catalin Dragomir
- Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania
| | - Ionelia Taranu
- Laboratory of Animal Biology, National Research and Development Institute for Biology and Animal Nutrition, Baloteşti (INCDBNA-IBNA), Calea Bucuresti nr. 1, Balotesti, Ilfov, 077015, Romania
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Pascariu SM, Pop IM, Simeanu D, Pavel G, Solcan C. Effects of Wine by-Products on Growth Performance, Complete Blood Count and Total Antioxidant Status in Broilers. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- SM Pascariu
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iasi, Romania
| | - IM Pop
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iasi, Romania
| | - D Simeanu
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iasi, Romania
| | - G Pavel
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iasi, Romania
| | - C Solcan
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iasi, Romania
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Smith I, Yu J, Hurley SL, Hanner T. Impact of Diet Containing Grape Pomace on Growth Performance and Blood Lipid Profile of Young Rats. J Med Food 2017; 20:550-556. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2016.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Smith
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jianmei Yu
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Steven L. Hurley
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tracy Hanner
- Department of Animal Science, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
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Guerra-Rivas C, Gallardo B, Mantecón ÁR, Del Álamo-Sanza M, Manso T. Evaluation of grape pomace from red wine by-product as feed for sheep. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:1885-1893. [PMID: 27508943 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This work aimed to study the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of seeds and pulp from grape pomace. In sacco degradability, ruminal fermentation of grape pomace fractions and plasma lipid peroxidation were also studied in sheep fed with or without grape pomace. RESULTS Seed and pulp fractions of grape pomace had different values for cell walls (523 vs 243 g kg-1 dry matter (DM)), crude protein (CP, 104 vs 138 g kg-1 DM), ether extract (EE, 99.0 vs 31.7 g kg-1 DM), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, 69.6 vs 53.3%) and extractable polyphenols (55.0 vs 32.1 g kg-1 DM). The in vitro true digestibility, DM in sacco degradability and CP degradability of seeds and pulp were also different (0.51 vs 0.82, 0.30 vs 0.45 and 0.66 vs 0.39 respectively). The ammonia-N concentration and total volatile fatty acids (VFA) in ruminal liquid were significantly lower and plasma lipid peroxidation was also numerically lower in sheep that consumed grape pomace. CONCLUSION The nutritive value of grape pomace varies depending on the proportion of seeds and pulp. The interest of this by-product in sheep feeding could be related to its polyphenol and PUFA content, which could improve meat and milk quality. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beatriz Gallardo
- ETS Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Valladolid, E-34004, Palencia, Spain
| | - Ángel R Mantecón
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-ULE), E-24346 Grulleros, León, Spain
| | | | - Teresa Manso
- ETS Ingenierías Agrarias, Universidad de Valladolid, E-34004, Palencia, Spain
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Zhang N, Hoadley A, Patel J, Lim S, Li C. Sustainable options for the utilization of solid residues from wine production. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 60:173-183. [PMID: 28094155 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The efficient use of solid organic waste materials is an issue of particular importance for the wine industry. This paper focuses on the valorization of grape marc, the major component of winery organic waste (60-70%). Two methods were designed and compared: combustion to generate electricity, and the pyrolysis for the production of bio-char, bio-oil, and bio-gas. Each of these processes was analysed to determine their economic and environmental viability. The flow-sheeting software, ASPEN PLUS, was used to model the two cases. Data from the simulations was used to inform techno-economic and environmental analyses. Pyrolysis was found to be the superior method of utilizing grape marc from both economic and environmental perspectives. Both pyrolysis and combustion exploit the energy content of the waste, which is not recovered by the traditional treatments, composting or distillation. In addition to the production of energy, pyrolysis yielded 151kg of bio-char and 140kg of bio-oil per tonne of grape marc. These products may be used in place of fossil fuels, resulting in a net reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. However, the potential deleterious effects resulting from the replacement of the traditional treatments was not considered. Investment in either pyrolysis or combustion had a negligible impact on the price of the wine produced for wineries with an annual grape crush larger than 1000 tonnes. Composting has significant economic advantages in wineries with a small grape crush of less than 50 tonnes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nansen Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Andrew Hoadley
- School of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Jim Patel
- CSIRO Energy, 71 Normanby Road, Clayton North, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Seng Lim
- CSIRO Energy, 71 Normanby Road, Clayton North, Victoria 3169, Australia
| | - Chao'en Li
- CSIRO Energy, 71 Normanby Road, Clayton North, Victoria 3169, Australia.
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Mingo E, Silván JM, Martinez-Rodriguez AJ. Selective antibacterial effect on Campylobacter of a winemaking waste extract (WWE) as a source of active phenolic compounds. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2015.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Achmon Y, Harrold DR, Claypool JT, Stapleton JJ, VanderGheynst JS, Simmons CW. Assessment of tomato and wine processing solid wastes as soil amendments for biosolarization. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 48:156-164. [PMID: 26525530 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Pomaces from tomato paste and wine production are the most abundant fruit processing residues in California. These residues were examined as soil amendments for solarization to promote conditions conducive to soil disinfestation (biosolarization). Simulated biosolarization studies were performed in both aerobic and anaerobic soil environments and soil temperature elevation, pH, and evolution of CO2, H2 and CH4 gases were measured as metrics of soil microbial activity. Tomato pomace amendment induced conditions associated with soil pest inactivation, including elevation of soil temperature by up to 2°C for a duration of 4days under aerobic conditions and a reduction of soil pH from 6.5 to 4.68 under anaerobic conditions. White wine grape pomace amendment showed similar trends but to a lesser extent. Red wine grape pomace was generally less suitable for biosolarization due to significantly lower soil temperature elevations, reduced acidification relative to the other pomaces and induction of methanogenesis in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigal Achmon
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States; Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Duff R Harrold
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Joshua T Claypool
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - James J Stapleton
- Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program, University of California, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648, United States
| | - Jean S VanderGheynst
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Christopher W Simmons
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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Eliyahu D, Yosef E, Weinberg Z, Hen Y, Nikbachat M, Solomon R, Mabjeesh S, Miron J. Composition, preservation and digestibility by sheep of wet by-products from the food industry. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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35
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Foiklang S, Wanapat M, Norrapoke T. In vitrorumen fermentation and digestibility of buffaloes as influenced by grape pomace powder and urea treated rice straw supplementation. Anim Sci J 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/asj.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suban Foiklang
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Metha Wanapat
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Thitima Norrapoke
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture; Khon Kaen University; Khon Kaen Thailand
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Winkler A, Weber F, Ringseis R, Eder K, Dusel G. Determination of polyphenol and crude nutrient content and nutrient digestibility of dried and ensiled white and red grape pomace cultivars. Arch Anim Nutr 2015; 69:187-200. [PMID: 25963744 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2015.1039751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the nutrient and energy content of fresh and ensiled grape pomace (GP) from different grape varieties originating from Germany, and to estimate the feed value of dried white, dried red and ensiled white GP by calculating nutrient digestibility and the content of metabolisable energy (ME) and net energy lactation (NEL) measured in sheep as a ruminant model. GP from red cultivars had higher contents of organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fibre (CF), total phenolic contents (TPC) and ME, whereas the concentrations of ash and sugar were lower than from white cultivars. Compared with untreated GP, ensiled GP had increased concentrations of CP (+19%), ether extract (EE; +23%) and CF (+12%) and a higher ME content (+7%) and markedly decreased concentrations of sugar (-99.6%) and TPC (-48%). The concentrations of dry matter, OM and ash were not different between ensiled and fresh GP. Compared with dried GP, ensiled GP had a higher nutrient digestibility (OM, +32%; CP, +43%; CF, +46%; neutral detergent fibre [NDF], +54%; acid detergent fibre [ADF], +69%) and higher energy values (ME, +16%; NEL, +19%). The digestibility of OM, CP, EE and CF and the energy content were higher for dried red than for dried white GP, whereas the digestibility of NDFOM and ADFOM was lower for dried red than dried white GP. In conclusion, the results show that both red and white GP are suitable dietary sources for enrichment with TPC. Furthermore, compared with drying ensiling of GP improves the feeding value of GP and is a good possibility of preserving the seasonally produced by-product of winemaking for ruminant feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Winkler
- a Animal Nutrition , University of Applied Sciences Bingen , Bingen , Germany
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Nudda A, Correddu F, Marzano A, Battacone G, Nicolussi P, Bonelli P, Pulina G. Effects of diets containing grape seed, linseed, or both on milk production traits, liver and kidney activities, and immunity of lactating dairy ewes. J Dairy Sci 2014; 98:1157-66. [PMID: 25497793 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the dietary inclusion of grape seed, alone or in combination with linseed, on milk production traits, immune response, and liver and kidney metabolic activity of lactating ewes. Twenty-four Sarda dairy ewes were randomly assigned to 4 dietary treatments consisting of a control diet (CON), a diet containing 300 g/d per head of grape seed (GS), a diet containing 220 g/d per head of extruded linseed (LIN), and a diet containing a mix of 300 g/d per head of grape seed and 220 g/d per head of extruded linseed (MIX). The study lasted 10 wk, with 2 wk of adaptation period and 8 wk of experimental period. Milk yield was measured and samples were collected weekly and analyzed for fat, protein, casein, lactose, pH, milk urea nitrogen, and somatic cell count. Blood samples were collected every 2 wk by jugular vein puncture and analyzed for hematological parameters, for albumin, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, creatinine, gamma glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, protein, blood urea nitrogen, and for anti-albumin IgG, IL-6, and lymphocyte T-helper (CD4(+)) and lymphocyte T-cytotoxic (CD8(+)) cells. On d 0, 45, and 60 of the trial, lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutinin was determined in vivo on each animal by measuring skin-fold thickness (SFT) at the site of phytohemagglutinin injection. Humoral response to chicken egg albumin was stimulated by a subcutaneous injection with albumin. Dietary treatments did not affect milk yield and composition. Milk urea nitrogen and lactose were affected by diet × period. Diets did not influence hematological, kidney, and liver parameters, except for blood urea nitrogen, which decreased in LIN and increased in MIX compared with CON and GS. Dietary treatments did not alter CD4(+), CD8(+), and CD4(+)-to-CD8(+) ratio. The SFT was reduced in GS and MIX and increased in LIN compared with CON. The IgG and IL-6 were affected by diet × period. The reduction in IgG on d 60 and SFT in ewes fed GS suggests an immunomodulatory effect of this residue. The limited variation in milk and hematological and metabolic parameters suggests that GS and LIN can be included, alone or in combination, in the diet of dairy ewes without adverse effects on milk production and health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nudda
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - F Correddu
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - A Marzano
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - G Battacone
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - P Nicolussi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Via Duca degli Abruzzi 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - P Bonelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Via Duca degli Abruzzi 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - G Pulina
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Sezione di Scienze Zootecniche, University of Sassari, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Ishida K, Kishi Y, Oishi K, Hirooka H, Kumagai H. Effects of feeding polyphenol-rich winery wastes on digestibility, nitrogen utilization, ruminal fermentation, antioxidant status and oxidative stress in wethers. Anim Sci J 2014; 86:260-9. [PMID: 25377644 DOI: 10.1111/asj.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Four wethers were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design experiment to evaluate the availability of two types of winery wastes, winery sediment and grape pomace, as ruminant feeds possessing antioxidant activities. Each wether was assigned to one of the following four treatments: (i) 75 g/kg winery sediment (WS) on a dry matter (DM) basis; (ii) 166 g/kg DM winery grape pomace (WP); (iii) control diet (CD; 17 g/kg DM soybean meal);and (iv) only tall fescue hay (TFH; no additive). Winery sediment and grape pomace had high levels of polyphenols and of radical scavenging activities. Feeding with winery sediment and grape pomace did not negatively affect the intake, but it depressed crude protein (CP) digestibility compared with CD (P = 0.052 and P < 0.01 for WS and WP, respectively). Polyphenols in winery wastes decreased ruminal ammonia production (P = 0.089 and P < 0.05), likely due to their inhibitive effect on microbial activities in the rumen. The addition of winery sediment and grape pomace decreased urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG; an index of oxidative damages) excretion per day (P < 0.05 and P = 0.059). The results indicated that winery sediment and grape pomace could alter nitrogen metabolism and/or act as new antioxidants for ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Ishida
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry Resources, Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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González-Centeno MR, Knoerzer K, Sabarez H, Simal S, Rosselló C, Femenia A. Effect of acoustic frequency and power density on the aqueous ultrasonic-assisted extraction of grape pomace (Vitis vinifera L.) - a response surface approach. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2014; 21:2176-2184. [PMID: 24548543 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of grape pomace was investigated by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to evaluate the effect of acoustic frequency (40, 80, 120kHz), ultrasonic power density (50, 100, 150W/L) and extraction time (5, 15, 25min) on total phenolics, total flavonols and antioxidant capacity. All the process variables showed a significant effect on the aqueous UAE of grape pomace (p<0.05). The Box-Behnken Design (BBD) generated satisfactory mathematical models which accurately explain the behavior of the system; allowing to predict both the extraction yield of phenolic and flavonol compounds, and also the antioxidant capacity of the grape pomace extracts. The optimal UAE conditions for all response factors were a frequency of 40kHz, a power density of 150W/L and 25min of extraction time. Under these conditions, the aqueous UAE would achieve a maximum of 32.31mg GA/100g fw for total phenolics and 2.04mg quercetin/100g fw for total flavonols. Regarding the antioxidant capacity, the maximum predicted values were 53.47 and 43.66mg Trolox/100g fw for CUPRAC and FRAP assays, respectively. When comparing with organic UAE, in the present research, from 12% to 38% of total phenolic bibliographic values were obtained, but using only water as the extraction solvent, and applying lower temperatures and shorter extraction times. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no studies specifically addressing the optimization of both acoustic frequency and power density during aqueous-UAE of plant materials have been previously published.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Reyes González-Centeno
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa, Km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Kai Knoerzer
- CSIRO Animal, Food and Health Sciences, 671 Sneydes Road, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Henry Sabarez
- CSIRO Animal, Food and Health Sciences, 671 Sneydes Road, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia
| | - Susana Simal
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa, Km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Carmen Rosselló
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa, Km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antoni Femenia
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra Valldemossa, Km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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Santos N, Santos G, Silva-Kazama D, Grande P, Pintro P, de Marchi F, Jobim C, Petit H. Production, composition and antioxidants in milk of dairy cows fed diets containing soybean oil and grape residue silage. Livest Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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41
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Hayta M, Özuğur G, Etgü H, Şeker İT. Effect of Grape (Vitis Vinifera
L.) Pomace on the Quality, Total Phenolic Content and Anti-Radical Activity of Bread. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Hayta
- Department of Food Engineering; Erciyes University; Kayseri 38038 Turkey
| | - Gamze Özuğur
- Department of Food Engineering; Hitit University; Çorum Turkey
| | - Hakiye Etgü
- Department of Food Engineering; Bingöl University; Bingöl Turkey
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42
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Yu J, Ahmedna M. Functional components of grape pomace: their composition, biological properties and potential applications. Int J Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.03197.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianmei Yu
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences; North Carolina A&T State University; 1601 East Market Street; Greensboro; NC; 27411; USA
| | - Mohamed Ahmedna
- Centre for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies; North Carolina A&T State University, 500 Laureate Way, Suite 4222, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis; NC; 28081; USA
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Besharati M, Taghizadeh A. Effect of tannin-binding agents (polyethylene glycol and polyvinylpyrrolidone) supplementation on in vitro gas production kinetics of some grape yield byproducts. ISRN VETERINARY SCIENCE 2011; 2011:780540. [PMID: 23738107 PMCID: PMC3658586 DOI: 10.5402/2011/780540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) on in vitro gas production characteristics, organic matter digestibility (OMD), and metabolizable energy (ME) contents of some grape yield byproducts were investigated. The gas production was recorded after 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, and 48 h of incubation. The gas production profiles in triplicate fitted with equation Y = A (1 – e−ct). The data was analyzed using completely randomized design. Total phenol (TP) and total tannin (TT) contents were highest for raisin waste (RW). The TP content (g/kg DM) ranged from 30.1 in grape pomace (GP) to 96.3 in RW, which also had the higher TT (72.1 g/kg DM). The potential gas production (a + b) of DGB, GP, and RW were 239.43, 263.49, and 208.22 mL/g DM, respectively. In the absence of PEG and PVP, rate constant of gas production (c) for GP was highest among the feedstuffs (0.1073 mL/h), but in presence of PEG or PVP, RW had highest fraction (c) among the feedstuffs. Addition of PEG and PVP inactivated effects of tannins and increased gas production, ME, NE1, OMD, and VFA in grape yield byproducts. Addition of PEG and PVP could overcome adverse effects of tannins on nutrient availability as indicated by gas production parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maghsoud Besharati
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51664, Iran
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44
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Basalan M, Gungor T, Owens F, Yalcinkaya I. Nutrient content and in vitro digestibility of Turkish grape pomaces. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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45
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Deng Q, Penner MH, Zhao Y. Chemical composition of dietary fiber and polyphenols of five different varieties of wine grape pomace skins. Food Res Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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46
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Awawdeh MS. Alternative feedstuffs and their effects on performance of Awassi sheep: a review. Trop Anim Health Prod 2011; 43:1297-309. [PMID: 21512727 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-011-9851-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fat-tailed sheep (FTS) is a group of breeds characterized by large (fatty) tails that it is commonly distributed in Africa, Middle East, Pakistan, and to a lesser extent in other countries. Awassi, a common FTS breed in many Mediterranean countries, is adaptive and suitable to live in harsh conditions of the arid and semiarid areas. One of the main constraints for sheep industry in those areas is the limited supply and variable quality and quantity of feedstuffs. Using several alternative feedstuffs (AF) has been a common practice to decrease production cost of Awassi sheep industry in those areas. The appropriate AF to be used is determined by several animal and feed factors. These AF includes, but not limited to, unconventional feedstuffs, agricultural byproducts, and agro-industrial byproducts. A good body of literature about the use of AF and the effects of such use on performance of Awassi sheep is available. Some of these AF have been shown to be safely used in Awassi diets with no detrimental effects on sheep performance or health and, thus, recommended to lower the production cost. Other AF has controversial effects and recommendations. This paper reviews the effects of using AF on performance of Awassi ewes and lambs. Effects on intake, nutrient digestibilities, growth rate, and carcass characteristics of lambs and on intake, nutrient digestibilities, body weight change, milk yield, and milk composition of ewes will be emphasized. Recommendations and limitations for using AF will also be briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mofleh S Awawdeh
- Department of Pathology and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
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Abarghuei M, Rouzbehan Y, Alipour D. The influence of the grape pomace on the ruminal parameters of sheep. Livest Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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48
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Guemour D, Bannelier C, Dellal A, Gidenne T. Nutritive value of sun-dried grape pomace, incorporated at a low level in complete feed for the rabbit bred under Magrebian conditions. WORLD RABBIT SCIENCE 2010. [DOI: 10.4995/wrs.2010.18.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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49
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Spanghero M, Salem A, Robinson P. Chemical composition, including secondary metabolites, and rumen fermentability of seeds and pulp of Californian (USA) and Italian grape pomaces. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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50
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Besharati M, Taghizadeh A. Evaluation of dried grape by-product as a tanniniferous tropical feedstuff. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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