1
|
Wang Z, Xie D, Li J, Zhai Z, Lu Z, Tian X, Niu Y, Zhao Q, Zheng P, Dong L, Wang C. Molecular force-induced liberation of transforming growth factor-beta remodels the spleen for ectopic liver regeneration. J Hepatol 2024; 80:753-763. [PMID: 38244845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Ectopic liver regeneration in the spleen is a promising alternative to organ transplantation for treating liver failure. To accommodate transplanted liver cells, the splenic tissue must undergo structural changes to increase extracellular matrix content, demanding a safe and efficient approach for tissue remodelling. METHODS We synthesised sulphated hyaluronic acid (sHA) with an affinity for the latent complex of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and cross-linked it into a gel network (sHA-X) via click chemistry. We injected this glycan into the spleens of mice to induce splenic tissue remodelling via supraphysiological activation of endogenous TGF-β. RESULTS sHA-X efficiently bound to the abundant latent TGF-β in the spleen. It provided the molecular force to liberate the active TGF-β dimers from their latent complex, mimicking the 'bind-and-pull' mechanism required for physiological activation of TGF-β and reshaping the splenic tissue to support liver cell growth. Hepatocytes transplanted into the remodelled spleen developed into liver tissue with sufficient volume to rescue animals with a metabolic liver disorder (Fah-/- transgenic model) or following 90% hepatectomy, with no adverse effects observed and no additional drugs required. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the efficacy and translational potential of using sHA-X to remodel a specific organ by mechanically activating one single cytokine, representing a novel strategy for the design of biomaterials-based therapies for organ regeneration. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Cell transplantation may provide a lifeline to millions of patients with end-stage liver diseases, but their severely damaged livers being unable to accommodate the transplanted cells is a crucial hurdle. Herein, we report an approach to restore liver functions in another organ - the spleen - by activating one single growth factor in situ. This approach, based on a chemically designed polysaccharide that can mechanically liberate the active transforming growth factor-β to an unusually high level, promotes the function of abundant allogenic liver cells in the spleen, rescuing animals from lethal models of liver diseases and showing a high potential for clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Daping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Ziyu Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Zhuojian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Xuejiao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yiming Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Peng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovative Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Lei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; National Resource Center for Mutant Mice, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China; Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovative Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Chunming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maiti G, Ashworth S, Choi T, Chakravarti S. Molecular cues for immune cells from small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycans in their extracellular matrix-associated and free forms. Matrix Biol 2023; 123:48-58. [PMID: 37793508 PMCID: PMC10841460 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
In this review we highlight emerging immune regulatory functions of lumican, keratocan, fibromodulin, biglycan and decorin, which are members of the small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRP) of the extracellular matrix (ECM). These SLRPs have been studied extensively as collagen-fibril regulatory structural components of the skin, cornea, bone and cartilage in homeostasis. However, SLRPs released from a remodeling ECM, or synthesized by activated fibroblasts and immune cells contribute to an ECM-free pool in tissues and circulation, that may have a significant, but poorly understood foot print in inflammation and disease. Their molecular interactions and the signaling networks they influence also require investigations. Here we present studies on the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) motifs of SLRP core proteins, their evolutionary and functional relationships with other LRR pathogen recognition receptors, such as the toll-like receptors (TLRs) to bring some molecular clarity in the immune regulatory functions of SLRPs. We discuss molecular interactions of fragments and intact SLRPs, and how some of these interactions are likely modulated by glycosaminoglycan side chains. We integrate findings on molecular interactions of these SLRPs together with what is known about their presence in circulation and lymph nodes (LN), which are important sites of immune cell regulation. Recent bulk and single cell RNA sequencing studies have identified subsets of stromal reticular cells that express these SLRPs within LNs. An understanding of the cellular source, molecular interactions and signaling consequences will lead to a fundamental understanding of how SLRPs modulate immune responses, and to therapeutic tools based on these SLRPs in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Maiti
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sean Ashworth
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Tansol Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shukti Chakravarti
- Department of Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Alhyari A, Görg C, Tahat S, Trenker C, Dietrich CF, Westhoff CC, Safai Zadeh E, Findeisen H. Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) Elastography of Focal Splenic Lesions: Feasibility and Diagnostic Potential. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4964. [PMID: 37894331 PMCID: PMC10605882 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Nontraumatic focal splenic lesions (FSL) are rare, and the need for tissue diagnosis must be weighed against the very high risk of bleeding after a splenic biopsy. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and diagnostic potential of acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography as a noninvasive method for different benign and malignant FSLs. No human studies on the elastographic characteristics of FSL exist. METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of 34 patients with FSLs, who underwent abdominal B-mode ultrasound (B-US), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and standardized ARFI examinations between October 2021 and December 2022 at our university hospital. The inclusion criteria were: (i) FSL size ≥ 1 cm; (ii) 10 valid ARFI measurements of the FSL, as well as of the normal splenic parenchyma (NSP) as an in vivo reference; and (iii) diagnostic confirmation of FSL etiology based on histological examination (8/34; 23.5%) or clinical evaluation, which included a clinical and sonographic follow-up (FU), CEUS morphology, and/or morphology on cross-sectional imaging (26/34; 76.5%). CEUS was performed on all patients and the FSLs were classified according to the current guidelines; cross-sectional imaging was available for 29/34 (85.3%). The mean FU duration was 25.8 ± 30.5 months. The mean ARFI velocity (MAV) of the FSL (MAVL), the NSP (MAVP), and the ratio of the MAVL to the MAVP (MAVL/P) were calculated and compared. RESULTS Of the 34 FSLs, 13 (38.2%) were malignant (mFSL) and 21 (61.8%) were benign (bFSL). The MAVL of all 34 FSLs (2.74 ± 0.71 m/s) was lower than the MAVP (3.20 ± 0.59 m/s), p = 0.009, with a mean MAVL/P ratio of 0.90 ± 0.34. No significant differences in the MAVL were observed between the mFSL (2.66 ± 0.67 m/s) and bFSL (2.79 ± 0.75 m/s). There were also no significant differences between the MAVP in patients with mFSL (3.24 ± 0.68 m/s) as compared to that in the patients with bFSL (3.18 ± 0.55 m/s). Likewise, the MAV L/P ratio did not differ between the mFSL (0.90 ± 0.41 m/s) and bFSL (0.90 ± 0.30 m/s) groups. CONCLUSION ARFI elastography is feasible in evaluating the stiffness of FSLs. The lesions' stiffness was lower than that of the NSP, regardless of the FSL etiology. However, differentiation between benign and malignant FSL with the help of this elastographic method does not appear possible. Larger prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Alhyari
- Department of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipp University of Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Ultrasound Diagnostics, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipp University of Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Christian Görg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, Metabolism and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipp University of Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Ultrasound Diagnostics, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipp University of Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Suhaib Tahat
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Ultrasound Diagnostics, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipp University of Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Trenker
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Ultrasound Diagnostics, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipp University of Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
- Department of Haematology, Oncology and Immunology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipps University of Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Frank Dietrich
- Department Allgemeine Innere Medizin (DAIM), Kliniken Hirslanden Bern, Beau Site, Salem und Permanence, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christina C Westhoff
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipps University of Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ehsan Safai Zadeh
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Ultrasound Diagnostics, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipp University of Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Imaging-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hajo Findeisen
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Ultrasound Diagnostics, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, Philipp University of Marburg, 35033 Marburg, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine, Red Cross Hospital Bremen, 28199 Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Campos A, Burgos-Ravanal R, Lobos-González L, Huilcamán R, González MF, Díaz J, Verschae AC, Acevedo JP, Carrasco M, Sepúlveda F, Jeldes E, Varas-Godoy M, Leyton L, Quest AF. Caveolin-1-dependent tenascin C inclusion in extracellular vesicles is required to promote breast cancer cell malignancy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:1651-1668. [PMID: 37929694 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Elevated expression of CAV1 in breast cancer increases tumor progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from CAV1-expressing MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells contain Tenascin C (TNC), but the relevance of TNC remained to be defined. Methods: EVs were characterized by nanotracking analysis, microscopy and western blotting. The uptake of EVs by cells was studied using flow cytometry. The effects of EVs on breast cancer cells were tested in migration, invasion, colony formation and in vivo assays. Results: EVs were taken up by cells; however, only those containing TNC promoted invasiveness. In vivo, EVs lacking TNC ceased to promote tumor growth. Conclusion: CAV1 and TNC contained in breast cancer cell-derived EVs were identified as proteins that favor progression of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- America Campos
- Laboratorio de Comunicaciones Celulares, Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, 8380492, Universidad de Chile
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, 8340148, Chile
- Centro Avanzado para Estudios en Enfermedades Crónicas (ACCDIS), Santiago, 8380492, Chile
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland
| | - Renato Burgos-Ravanal
- Laboratorio de Comunicaciones Celulares, Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, 8380492, Universidad de Chile
- Centro Avanzado para Estudios en Enfermedades Crónicas (ACCDIS), Santiago, 8380492, Chile
| | - Lorena Lobos-González
- Centro Avanzado para Estudios en Enfermedades Crónicas (ACCDIS), Santiago, 8380492, Chile
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina-Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, 7610615, Chile
| | - Ricardo Huilcamán
- Laboratorio de Comunicaciones Celulares, Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, 8380492, Universidad de Chile
- Centro Avanzado para Estudios en Enfermedades Crónicas (ACCDIS), Santiago, 8380492, Chile
| | - María Fernanda González
- Laboratorio de Comunicaciones Celulares, Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, 8380492, Universidad de Chile
- Centro Avanzado para Estudios en Enfermedades Crónicas (ACCDIS), Santiago, 8380492, Chile
| | - Jorge Díaz
- Laboratorio de Comunicaciones Celulares, Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, 8380492, Universidad de Chile
- Centro Avanzado para Estudios en Enfermedades Crónicas (ACCDIS), Santiago, 8380492, Chile
| | - Albano Cáceres Verschae
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, CEBICEM, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, 7510157, Chile
- Department of Oncology/Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
| | - Juan Pablo Acevedo
- Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision & Advanced Cellular Therapy (IMPACT), Santiago, 8331150, Chile
| | - Macarena Carrasco
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, 8340148, Chile
| | - Francisca Sepúlveda
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, 8340148, Chile
- Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina-Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, 7610615, Chile
| | - Emanuel Jeldes
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, 8340148, Chile
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, Scotland
| | - Manuel Varas-Godoy
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia y Vida, Santiago, 8340148, Chile
- Centro Avanzado para Estudios en Enfermedades Crónicas (ACCDIS), Santiago, 8380492, Chile
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular del Cáncer, CEBICEM, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, 7510157, Chile
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Laboratorio de Comunicaciones Celulares, Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, 8380492, Universidad de Chile
- Centro Avanzado para Estudios en Enfermedades Crónicas (ACCDIS), Santiago, 8380492, Chile
| | - Andrew Fg Quest
- Laboratorio de Comunicaciones Celulares, Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer (CEMC), Programa de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, 8380492, Universidad de Chile
- Centro Avanzado para Estudios en Enfermedades Crónicas (ACCDIS), Santiago, 8380492, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pham HTT, Magez S, Choi B, Baatar B, Jung J, Radwanska M. Neutrophil metalloproteinase driven spleen damage hampers infection control of trypanosomiasis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5418. [PMID: 37669943 PMCID: PMC10480172 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41089-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent blood transcriptomic analysis of rhodesiense sleeping sickness patients has revealed that neutrophil signature genes and activation markers constitute the top indicators of trypanosomiasis-associated inflammation. Here, we show that Trypanosoma brucei infection results in expansion and differentiation of four splenic neutrophil subpopulations, including Mki67+Birc5+Gfi1+Cebpe+ proliferation-competent precursors, two intermediate immature subpopulations and Cebpb+Spi1+Irf7+Mcl1+Csf3r+ inflammation reprogrammed mature neutrophils. Transcriptomic scRNA-seq profiling identified the largest immature subpopulation by Mmp8/9 positive tertiary granule markers. We confirmed the presence of both metalloproteinases in extracellular spleen homogenates and plasma. During infection, these enzymes digest extracellular matrix components in the absence of sufficient TIMP inhibitory activity, driving remodeling of the spleen follicular architecture. Neutrophil depletion prevents the occurrence of organ damage, resulting in increased plasma cell numbers and prolonged host survival. We conclude that trypanosomiasis-associated neutrophil activation is a major contributor to the destruction of the secondary lymphoid architecture, required for maintaining an efficient adaptive immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hien Thi Thu Pham
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan Magez
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Boyoon Choi
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bolortsetseg Baatar
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Joohee Jung
- Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Magdalena Radwanska
- Laboratory for Biomedical Research, Department of Environmental Technology, Food Technology and Molecular Biotechnology KR01, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Song J, Deshpande T, Zhang X, Hannocks MJ, Lycke N, Cardell SL, Sorokin L. The extracellular matrix of lymph node reticular fibers modulates follicle border interactions and germinal center formation. iScience 2023; 26:106753. [PMID: 37234087 PMCID: PMC10206498 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Germinal center (GC) formation and antibody production in lymph node follicles require coordinated interactions between B-cells, T-cells and dendritic cells (DCs), orchestrated by the extracellular matrix-rich reticular fiber (RF) network. We describe a unique laminin 523-containing RF network around and between follicles that associates with PDGFrecβhighCCL19lowgp38low fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC). In the absence of FRC expression of laminin α5 (pdgfrb-cre:Lama5fl/fl), pre-Tfh-cells, B-cells and DCs are displaced from follicle borders, correlating with fewer Tfh-cells and GC B-cells. Total DCs are not altered in pdgfrb-cre:Lama5fl/fl mice, but cDC2s, which localize to laminin α5 in RFs at follicle borders, are reduced. In addition, PDGFrecβhighCCL19lowgp38low FRCs show lower Ch25h expression, required for 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol synthesis that attracts pre-Tfh-cells, B-cells and DCs to follicle borders. We propose that RF basement membrane components represent a type of tissue memory that guides the localization and differentiation of both specialized FRC and DC populations, required for normal lymph node function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Tushar Deshpande
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Melanie-Jane Hannocks
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Nils Lycke
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Susanna L. Cardell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lydia Sorokin
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre (CIMIC), University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fonta CM, Loustau T, Li C, Poilil Surendran S, Hansen U, Murdamoothoo D, Benn MC, Velazquez-Quesada I, Carapito R, Orend G, Vogel V. Infiltrating CD8+ T cells and M2 macrophages are retained in tumor matrix tracks enriched in low tension fibronectin fibers. Matrix Biol 2023; 116:1-27. [PMID: 36669744 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Tracks rich in matrix and cells, as described in several cancer types, have immunosuppressive functions and separate tumor nests and stroma, yet their origin is unknown. Immunostainings of cryosections from mouse breast tumors show that these tracks are bordered by an endothelial-like basement membrane, filled with fibers of collagen adjacent to tenascin-C (TNC) and low-tension fibronectin (Fn) fibers. While present in early-stage tumors and maturing with time, tracks still form under TNC KO conditions, however, host (not tumor cell)-derived TNC is important for track maturation. Tumor infiltrating leukocytes (mostly M2 macrophages and CD8+ T cells) are retained in tracks of early-stage tumors. Following track maturation, retained tumor infiltrating leukocyte (TIL) numbers get reduced and more CD8+ TIL enter the tumor nests in the absence of TNC. As these tracks are enriched with platelets and fibrinogen and have a demarcating endothelial-like basement membrane often adjacent to endothelial cells, this suggests a role of blood vessels in the formation of these tracks. The Fn fiber tension probe FnBPA5 colocalizes with TNC and immune cells in the tracks and shows decreased binding in tracks lacking TNC. Consequently, FnBPA5 can serve as probe for tumor matrix tracks that have immune suppressive properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Fonta
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir Prelog Weg, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Loustau
- The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, INSERM U1109, Hôpital Civil, Institut d' Hématologie et d'Immunologie, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, Strasbourg 67091, France; Université Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Chengbei Li
- The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, INSERM U1109, Hôpital Civil, Institut d' Hématologie et d'Immunologie, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, Strasbourg 67091, France; Université Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Suchithra Poilil Surendran
- The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, INSERM U1109, Hôpital Civil, Institut d' Hématologie et d'Immunologie, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, Strasbourg 67091, France; Université Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Uwe Hansen
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Medicine (IMM), University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Federal Republic of Germany
| | - Devadarssen Murdamoothoo
- The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, INSERM U1109, Hôpital Civil, Institut d' Hématologie et d'Immunologie, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, Strasbourg 67091, France; MN3T (The Microenvironmental Niche in Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapy), INSERM U1109, 3 avenue Molière, Strasbourg, Hautepierre, France; Université Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Mario C Benn
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir Prelog Weg, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Ines Velazquez-Quesada
- The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, INSERM U1109, Hôpital Civil, Institut d' Hématologie et d'Immunologie, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, Strasbourg 67091, France; MN3T (The Microenvironmental Niche in Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapy), INSERM U1109, 3 avenue Molière, Strasbourg, Hautepierre, France; Université Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg 67000, France
| | - Raphael Carapito
- Université Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg 67000, France; Platform GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Institut thématique interdisciplinaire (ITI) de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Transplantex NG, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Strasbourg 67091, France
| | - Gertraud Orend
- The Tumor Microenvironment Laboratory, INSERM U1109, Hôpital Civil, Institut d' Hématologie et d'Immunologie, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, Strasbourg 67091, France; MN3T (The Microenvironmental Niche in Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapy), INSERM U1109, 3 avenue Molière, Strasbourg, Hautepierre, France; Université Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67000, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg 67000, France.
| | - Viola Vogel
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir Prelog Weg, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abdelsalam EEE, Hucková P, Piačková V. Evaluation of establishment and maintenance of primary cell cultures from several strains of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2022; 101:1634-1643. [PMID: 36178212 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As a surrogate for the whole organism, primary cultures and cell lines serve as valuable tools for investigating exogenous and endogenous cytopathy. Studying cell responsiveness to diseases and contaminants is considered a less demanding and more readily accessible research approach that minimizes animal distress and provides more specific data. In the current work, the authors established primary cultures from several different organs and tissues of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) for subsequent use in other applications. They investigated the technical challenges in obtaining successful and durable carp-derived tissue cultures. The trials indicate that the type of tissue grown, carp strain and fish age impact equally upon culturing success, as do the cultivating conditions. Cells from gill epithelia, head and trunk kidneys, spleen, skin, gonads and ocular tissue were successfully established and maintained for further use in in-vitro testing. The primary cultures were, therefore, used to investigate and assess pathogens and pollutants emerging in carp's environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ehdaa Eltayeb Eltigani Abdelsalam
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Hucková
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Piačková
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marangio A, Biccari A, D’Angelo E, Sensi F, Spolverato G, Pucciarelli S, Agostini M. The Study of the Extracellular Matrix in Chronic Inflammation: A Way to Prevent Cancer Initiation? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235903. [PMID: 36497384 PMCID: PMC9741172 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bidirectional communication between cells and their microenvironment has a key function in normal tissue homeostasis, and in disease initiation, progression and a patient's prognosis, at the very least. The extracellular matrix (ECM), as an element of all tissues and cellular microenvironment, is a frequently overlooked component implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of several diseases. In the inflammatory microenvironment (IME), different alterations resulting from remodeling processes can affect ECM, progressively inducing cancer initiation and the passage toward a tumor microenvironment (TME). Indeed, it has been demonstrated that altered ECM components interact with a variety of surface receptors triggering intracellular signaling that affect cellular pathways in turn. This review aims to support the notion that the ECM and its alterations actively participate in the promotion of chronic inflammation and cancer initiation. In conclusion, some data obtained in cancer research with the employment of decellularized ECM (dECM) models are described. The reported results encourage the application of dECM models to investigate the short circuits contributing to the creation of distinct IME, thus representing a potential tool to avoid the progression toward a malignant lesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asia Marangio
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Biccari
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Edoardo D’Angelo
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Sensi
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Gaya Spolverato
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pucciarelli
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Agostini
- General Surgery 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, Città della Speranza, 35129 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-049-964-0160
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Aparici Herraiz I, Caires HR, Castillo-Fernández Ó, Sima N, Méndez-Mora L, Risueño RM, Sattabongkot J, Roobsoong W, Hernández-Machado A, Fernandez-Becerra C, Barrias CC, del Portillo HA. Advancing Key Gaps in the Knowledge of Plasmodium vivax Cryptic Infections Using Humanized Mouse Models and Organs-on-Chips. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:920204. [PMID: 35873153 PMCID: PMC9302440 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.920204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax is the most widely distributed human malaria parasite representing 36.3% of disease burden in the South-East Asia region and the most predominant species in the region of the Americas. Recent estimates indicate that 3.3 billion of people are under risk of infection with circa 7 million clinical cases reported each year. This burden is certainly underestimated as the vast majority of chronic infections are asymptomatic. For centuries, it has been widely accepted that the only source of cryptic parasites is the liver dormant stages known as hypnozoites. However, recent evidence indicates that niches outside the liver, in particular in the spleen and the bone marrow, can represent a major source of cryptic chronic erythrocytic infections. The origin of such chronic infections is highly controversial as many key knowledge gaps remain unanswered. Yet, as parasites in these niches seem to be sheltered from immune response and antimalarial drugs, research on this area should be reinforced if elimination of malaria is to be achieved. Due to ethical and technical considerations, working with the liver, bone marrow and spleen from natural infections is very difficult. Recent advances in the development of humanized mouse models and organs-on-a-chip models, offer novel technological frontiers to study human diseases, vaccine validation and drug discovery. Here, we review current data of these frontier technologies in malaria, highlighting major challenges ahead to study P. vivax cryptic niches, which perpetuate transmission and burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Aparici Herraiz
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Hugo R. Caires
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Óscar Castillo-Fernández
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Sima
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Méndez-Mora
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth M. Risueño
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanlapa Roobsoong
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aurora Hernández-Machado
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Matemàtica (CRM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Fernandez-Becerra
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Cristina C. Barrias
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB – Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS – Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hernando A. del Portillo
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Hernando A. del Portillo,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang J, Wang Z, Wang J, Zhang R, Dong X, Bian L. Investigation of binding mechanism for human plasminogen Kringle 5 with its potential receptor vWA1 domain in Cochlin by bio-specific technologies and molecular dynamic simulation. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:105989. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
12
|
Lee RH, Ghalloussi D, Harousseau GL, Kenny JP, Kramer PA, Proamer F, Nieswandt B, Flick MJ, Gachet C, Casari C, Eckly A, Bergmeier W. Rasa3 deficiency minimally affects thrombopoiesis but promotes severe thrombocytopenia due to integrin-dependent platelet clearance. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e155676. [PMID: 35290242 PMCID: PMC9089782 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.155676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet homeostasis is dependent on a tight regulation of both platelet production and clearance. The small GTPase Rap1 mediates platelet adhesion and hemostatic plug formation. However, Rap1 signaling is also critical for platelet homeostasis as both Rap1 deficiency and uninhibited Rap1 signaling lead to marked thrombocytopenia in mice. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which deficiency in Rasa3, a critical negative regulator of Rap1, causes macrothrombocytopenia in mice. Despite marked morphological and ultrastructural abnormalities, megakaryocytes in hypomorphic Rasa3hlb/hlb (R3hlb/hlb) or Rasa3-/- mice demonstrated robust proplatelet formation in vivo, suggesting that defective thrombopoiesis is not the main cause of thrombocytopenia. Rather, we observed that R3hlb/hlb platelets became trapped in the spleen marginal zone/red pulp interface, with evidence of platelet phagocytosis by macrophages. Clearance of mutant platelets was also observed in the liver, especially in splenectomized mice. Platelet count and platelet life span in Rasa3-mutant mice were restored by genetic or pharmacological approaches to inhibit the Rap1/talin1/αIIbβ3 integrin axis. A similar pattern of splenic clearance was observed in mice injected with anti-αIIbβ3 but not anti-glycoprotein Ibα platelet-depleting antibodies. In summary, we describe a potentially novel, integrin-based mechanism of platelet clearance that could be critical for our understanding of select inherited and acquired thrombocytopenias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert H. Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and
- Blood Research Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dorsaf Ghalloussi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and
- Blood Research Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | - Fabienne Proamer
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, F-67065 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthew J. Flick
- Blood Research Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christian Gachet
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, F-67065 Strasbourg, France
| | - Caterina Casari
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and
- HITh, UMR_S1176, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Anita Eckly
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, F-67065 Strasbourg, France
| | - Wolfgang Bergmeier
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and
- Blood Research Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Minguet S, Nyström A, Kiritsi D, Rizzi M. Inborn errors of immunity and immunodeficiencies: antibody-mediated pathology and autoimmunity as a consequence of impaired immune reactions. Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:1396-1405. [PMID: 35443081 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
B cell tolerance to self-antigen is an active process that requires the temporal and spatial integration of signals of defined intensity. In common variable immune deficiency disorders (CVID), CTLA-4 deficiency, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS), or in collagen VII deficiency, genetic defects in molecules regulating development, activation, maturation and extracellular matrix composition alter the generation of B cells, resulting in immunodeficiency. Paradoxically, at the same time, the defective immune processes favor autoantibody production and immunopathology through impaired establishment of tolerance. The development of systemic autoimmunity in the framework of defective BCR signaling is relatively unusual in genetic mouse models. In sharp contrast, such reduced signaling in humans is clearly linked to pathological autoimmunity. The molecular mechanisms by which tolerance is broken in these settings are only starting to be explored resulting in novel therapeutic interventions. For instance, in CTLA-4 deficiency, homeostasis can be restored by CTLA-4 Ig treatment. Following this example, the identification of the molecular targets causing the reduced signals and their restoration is a visionary way to reestablish tolerance and develop novel therapeutic avenues for immunopathologies. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Minguet
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University, of, Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University, of, Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University, Clinics, and, Medical, Faculty, Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University, of, Freiburg
| | - Alexander Nyström
- Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University, of, Freiburg.,Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical, Center, -, University, of, Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dimitra Kiritsi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical, Center, -, University, of, Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marta Rizzi
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University, of, Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency CCI, University, Clinics, and, Medical, Faculty, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University, of, Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
TERAYAMA Y, MATSUURA T, OZAKI K. Malignant stromal cell tumor of the spleen in a WBN/Kob rat. J Toxicol Pathol 2022; 35:205-209. [PMID: 35516839 PMCID: PMC9018399 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2021-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary splenic stromal tumors have rarely been reported in rodents. We report the case
of a 90-week-old male WBN/Kob rat with a nodular demarcated mass in the spleen, which was
kept as a non-treated animal in a long-term animal study. Histopathology revealed round to
short spindle-shaped tumor cells arranged in a solid growth pattern. Invasive growth,
anisokaryosis, and high mitotic activity (46 per 10 high-power fields [2.37
mm2]) were observed to be multifocal, but most tumor cells showed mild nuclear
pleomorphism. The pattern of silver impregnation corresponded to that of the marginal zone
of the red pulp. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor cells were double positive
for fascin and desmin and focally positive for Iba-1 and OX-6 expression. These
characteristics were similar to those observed in fibroblastic reticular cells and
dendritic cells in the marginal zone of the red pulp. These findings suggest that the
malignant stromal cell tumor of the spleen in this case had characteristics of both
fibroblastic reticular cells and dendritic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yui TERAYAMA
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Tetsuro MATSUURA
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu OZAKI
- Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Härzschel A, Li L, Krenn PW, Szenes-Nagy E, Andrieux G, Bayer E, Pfeifer D, Polcik L, Denk U, Höpner JP, Karabatak E, Danner DJ, Tangermann S, Kenner L, Jumaa H, Greil R, Börries M, Ruppert R, Maity PC, Hartmann TN. Kindlin-3 maintains marginal zone B cells but confines follicular B cell activation and differentiation. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:745-758. [PMID: 34888947 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1hi0621-313r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrin-mediated interactions between hematopoietic cells and their microenvironment are important for the development and function of immune cells. Here, the role of the integrin adaptor Kindlin-3 in B cell homeostasis is studied. Comparing the individual steps of B cell development in B cell-specific Kindlin-3 or alpha4 integrin knockout mice, we found in both conditions a phenotype of reduced late immature, mature, and recirculating B cells in the bone marrow. In the spleen, constitutive B cell-specific Kindlin-3 knockout caused a loss of marginal zone B cells and an unexpected expansion of follicular B cells. Alpha4 integrin deficiency did not induce this phenotype. In Kindlin-3 knockout B cells VLA-4 as well as LFA-1-mediated adhesion was abrogated, and short-term homing of these cells in vivo was redirected to the spleen. Upon inducible Kindlin-3 knockout, marginal zone B cells were lost due to defective retention within 2 weeks, while follicular B cell numbers were unaltered. Kindlin-3 deficient follicular B cells displayed higher IgD, CD40, CD44, CXCR5, and EBI2 levels, and elevated PI3K signaling upon CXCR5 stimulation. They also showed transcriptional signatures of spontaneous follicular B cell activation. This activation manifested in scattered germinal centers in situ, early plasmablasts differentiation, and signs of IgG class switch.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Härzschel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine III with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Lixia Li
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter W Krenn
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Biosciences, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Eva Szenes-Nagy
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Geoffroy Andrieux
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Bayer
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Dietmar Pfeifer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laura Polcik
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ursula Denk
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jan P Höpner
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Elif Karabatak
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Danielle-Justine Danner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simone Tangermann
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Unit of Laboratory Animal Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Animal Science, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hassan Jumaa
- Institute of Immunology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Richard Greil
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Hematology, Medical Oncology, Hemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Melanie Börries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Tanja Nicole Hartmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Onder L, Cheng HW, Ludewig B. Visualization and functional characterization of lymphoid organ fibroblasts. Immunol Rev 2021; 306:108-122. [PMID: 34866192 PMCID: PMC9300201 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) are specialized stromal cells of lymphoid organs that generate the structural foundation of the tissue and actively interact with immune cells. Distinct FRC subsets position lymphocytes and myeloid cells in specialized niches where they present processed or native antigen and provide essential growth factors and cytokines for immune cell activation and differentiation. Niche‐specific functions of FRC subpopulations have been defined using genetic targeting, high‐dimensional transcriptomic analyses, and advanced imaging methods. Here, we review recent findings on FRC‐immune cell interaction and the elaboration of FRC development and differentiation. We discuss how imaging approaches have not only shaped our understanding of FRC biology, but have critically advanced the niche concept of immune cell maintenance and control of immune reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Onder
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Hung-Wei Cheng
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Burkhard Ludewig
- Institute of Immunobiology, Medical Research Center, Kantonsspital St.Gallen, St.Gallen, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Schiavinato A, Przyklenk M, Kobbe B, Paulsson M, Wagener R. Collagen type VI is the antigen recognized by the ER-TR7 antibody. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:2345-2347. [PMID: 34180542 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The monoclonal antibody ER-TR7 was used in a great number of studies for detecting reticular fibroblasts and the ECM of lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs even if the protein recognized by the ER-TR7 antibody was not known. We have now identified native collagen VI microfibrils as its tissue antigen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alvise Schiavinato
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Istituto Di Patologia Clinica, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Udine (ASUID), Udine, Italy
| | - Matthias Przyklenk
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Birgit Kobbe
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mats Paulsson
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Raimund Wagener
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Korpos É, Kadri N, Loismann S, Findeisen CR, Arfuso F, Burke GW, Richardson SJ, Morgan NG, Bogdani M, Pugliese A, Sorokin L. Identification and characterisation of tertiary lymphoid organs in human type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2021; 64:1626-1641. [PMID: 33912981 PMCID: PMC8187221 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05453-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We and others previously reported the presence of tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) in the pancreas of NOD mice, where they play a role in the development of type 1 diabetes. Our aims here are to investigate whether TLOs are present in the pancreas of individuals with type 1 diabetes and to characterise their distinctive features, in comparison with TLOs present in NOD mouse pancreases, in order to interpret their functional significance. METHODS Using immunofluorescence confocal microscopy, we examined the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cellular constituents of pancreatic TLOs from individuals with ongoing islet autoimmunity in three distinct clinical settings of type 1 diabetes: at risk of diabetes; at/after diagnosis; and in the transplanted pancreas with recurrent diabetes. Comparisons were made with TLOs from 14-week-old NOD mice, which contain islets exhibiting mild to heavy leucocyte infiltration. We determined the frequency of the TLOs in human type 1diabetes with insulitis and investigated the presence of TLOs in relation to age of onset, disease duration and disease severity. RESULTS TLOs were identified in preclinical and clinical settings of human type 1 diabetes. The main characteristics of these TLOs, including the cellular and ECM composition of reticular fibres (RFs), the presence of high endothelial venules and immune cell subtypes detected, were similar to those observed for TLOs from NOD mouse pancreases. Among 21 donors with clinical type 1 diabetes who exhibited insulitis, 12 had TLOs and had developed disease at younger age compared with those lacking TLOs. Compartmentalised TLOs with distinct T cell and B cell zones were detected in donors with short disease duration. Overall, TLOs were mainly associated with insulin-containing islets and their frequency decreased with increasing severity of beta cell loss. Parallel studies in NOD mice further revealed some differences in so far as regulatory T cells were essentially absent from human pancreatic TLOs and CCL21 was not associated with RFs. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We demonstrate a novel feature of pancreas pathology in type 1 diabetes. TLOs represent a potential site of autoreactive effector T cell generation in islet autoimmunity and our data from mouse and human tissues suggest that they disappear once the destructive process has run its course. Thus, TLOs may be important for type 1 diabetes progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Éva Korpos
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
| | - Nadir Kadri
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sophie Loismann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Clais R Findeisen
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - George W Burke
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sarah J Richardson
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Noel G Morgan
- Institute of Biomedical & Clinical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Marika Bogdani
- Matrix Biology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alberto Pugliese
- Diabetes Research Institute, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Lydia Sorokin
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cinti I, Denton AE. Lymphoid stromal cells-more than just a highway to humoral immunity. OXFORD OPEN IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 2:iqab011. [PMID: 36845565 PMCID: PMC9914513 DOI: 10.1093/oxfimm/iqab011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of high-affinity long-lived antibody responses is dependent on the differentiation of plasma cells and memory B cells, which are themselves the product of the germinal centre (GC) response. The GC forms in secondary lymphoid organs in response to antigenic stimulation and is dependent on the coordinated interactions between many types of leucocytes. These leucocytes are brought together on an interconnected network of specialized lymphoid stromal cells, which provide physical and chemical guidance to immune cells that are essential for the GC response. In this review we will highlight recent advancements in lymphoid stromal cell immunobiology and their role in regulating the GC, and discuss the contribution of lymphoid stromal cells to age-associated immunosenescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Cinti
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Alice E Denton
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London W12 0NN, UK,Correspondence address. Alice E. Denton, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK. Tel:+44 (0)20 3313 8213. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bellomo A, Gentek R, Golub R, Bajénoff M. Macrophage-fibroblast circuits in the spleen. Immunol Rev 2021; 302:104-125. [PMID: 34028841 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are an integral part of all organs in the body, where they contribute to immune surveillance, protection, and tissue-specific homeostatic functions. This is facilitated by so-called niches composed of macrophages and their surrounding stroma. These niches structurally anchor macrophages and provide them with survival factors and tissue-specific signals that imprint their functional identity. In turn, macrophages ensure appropriate functioning of the niches they reside in. Macrophages thus form reciprocal, mutually beneficial circuits with their cellular niches. In this review, we explore how this concept applies to the spleen, a large secondary lymphoid organ whose primary functions are to filter the blood and regulate immunity. We first outline the splenic micro-anatomy, the different populations of splenic fibroblasts and macrophages and their respective contribution to protection of and key physiological processes occurring in the spleen. We then discuss firmly established and potential cellular circuits formed by splenic macrophages and fibroblasts, with an emphasis on the molecular cues underlying their crosstalk and their relevance to splenic functionality. Lastly, we conclude by considering how these macrophage-fibroblast circuits might be impaired by aging, and how understanding these changes might help identify novel therapeutic avenues with the potential of restoring splenic functions in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Bellomo
- CIRI, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Univ Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Rebecca Gentek
- Centre for Inflammation Research & Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rachel Golub
- Inserm U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Lymphopoiesis Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Marc Bajénoff
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kwang D, Tjin G, Purton LE. Regulation of murine B lymphopoiesis by stromal cells. Immunol Rev 2021; 302:47-67. [PMID: 34002391 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
B lymphocytes are crucial for the body's humoral immune response, secreting antibodies generated against foreign antigens to fight infection. Adult murine B lymphopoiesis is initiated in the bone marrow and additional maturation occurs in the spleen. In both these organs, B lymphopoiesis involves interactions with numerous different non-hematopoietic cells, also known as stromal or microenvironment cells, which provide migratory, maturation, and survival signals. A variety of conditional knockout and transgenic mouse models have been used to identify the roles of distinct microenvironment cell types in the regulation of B lymphopoiesis. These studies have revealed that mesenchymal lineage cells and endothelial cells comprise the non-hematopoietic microenvironment cell types that support B lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow. In the spleen, various types of stromal cells and endothelial cells contribute to B lymphocyte maturation. More recently, comprehensive single cell RNA-seq studies have also been used to identify clusters of stromal cell types in the bone marrow and spleen, which will aid in further identifying key regulators of B lymphopoiesis. Here, we review the different types of microenvironment cells and key extrinsic regulators that are known to be involved in the regulation of murine B lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow and spleen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diannita Kwang
- Stem Cell Regulation Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia
| | - Gavin Tjin
- Stem Cell Regulation Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia
| | - Louise E Purton
- Stem Cell Regulation Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Guan G, Huo D, Li Y, Zhao X, Li Y, Qin Z, Sun D, Yang G, Yang M, Tan J, Zeng W, Zhu C. Engineering hiPSC-CM and hiPSC-EC laden 3D nanofibrous splenic hydrogel for improving cardiac function through revascularization and remuscularization in infarcted heart. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4415-4429. [PMID: 33997517 PMCID: PMC8113784 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy has been a promising strategy for cardiac repair after myocardial infarction (MI), but a poor ischemic environment and low cell delivery efficiency remain significant challenges. The spleen serves as a hematopoietic stem cell niche and secretes cardioprotective factors after MI, but it is unclear whether it could be used for human pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) cultivation and provide a proper microenvironment for cell grafts against the ischemic environment. Herein, we developed a splenic extracellular matrix derived thermoresponsive hydrogel (SpGel). Proteomics analysis indicated that SpGel is enriched with proteins known to modulate the Wnt signaling pathway, cell-substrate adhesion, cardiac muscle contraction and oxidation-reduction processes. In vitro studies demonstrated that hiPSCs could be efficiently induced into endothelial cells (iECs) and cardiomyocytes (iCMs) with enhanced function on SpGel. The cytoprotective effect of SpGel on iECs/iCMs against oxidative stress damage was also proven. Furthermore, in vivo studies revealed that iEC/iCM-laden SpGel improved cardiac function and inhibited cardiac fibrosis of infarcted hearts by improving cell survival, revascularization and remuscularization. In conclusion, we successfully established a novel platform for the efficient generation and delivery of autologous cell grafts, which could be a promising clinical therapeutic strategy for cardiac repair and regeneration after MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ge Guan
- Department of Anatomy, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Da Huo
- Department of Anatomy, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yanzhao Li
- Department of Anatomy, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yinghao Li
- Department of Anatomy, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Zhongliang Qin
- Department of Anatomy, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.,Chongqing Institute of Zhong Zhi Yi Gu, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Dayu Sun
- Department of Anatomy, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Guanyuan Yang
- Department of Anatomy, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Mingcan Yang
- Department of Anatomy, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Ju Tan
- Department of Anatomy, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, Third Military Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Chuhong Zhu
- Department of Anatomy, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Lab for Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering of Chongqing, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ren Z, Gao P, Okyere SK, Cui Y, Wen J, Jing B, Deng J, Hu Y. Ageratina adenophora Inhibits Spleen Immune Function in Rats via the Loss of the FRC Network and Th1-Th2 Cell Ratio Elevation. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13050309. [PMID: 33926136 PMCID: PMC8145992 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13050309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the impact of Ageratina adenophora (A. adenophora) on splenic immune function in a rat model. Rats were fed with 10 g/100 g normal feed and an experimental feed, which was composed of 3:7 A. adenophora powder and normal feed for 60 days. On days 14, 28, and 60, subsets of rats (n = 8 rats/group/time point) were selected for blood and spleen tissue sample collection. The results showed that the proportion of CD3+ T cells in the spleen was decreased at day 60 (vs. control). Also, mRNA and protein expression of chemokines CCL21 and CCL19 and functional protein gp38 in spleen decreased significantly versus the control at day 60. In addition, ER-TR7 antigen protein expression was also decreased at day 60. Levels of T-helper (Th)1 cells significantly increased, whereas those of Th2 cells decreased significantly versus the control at day 60 in spleen. The finding revealed that A. adenophora could affect splenic immune function in rats by altering the fibroblast reticulocyte (FRC) network, as well as by causing an imbalance in Th1/Th2 cell ratios. This research provides new insights into potential mechanisms of spleen immunotoxicity due to exposures to A. Adenophora.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanchun Hu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-28-8629-1162
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Eckert IN, Ribechini E, Jarick KJ, Strozniak S, Potter SJ, Beilhack A, Lutz MB. VLA-1 Binding to Collagen IV Controls Effector T Cell Suppression by Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in the Splenic Red Pulp. Front Immunol 2021; 11:616531. [PMID: 33584706 PMCID: PMC7873891 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.616531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent a major population controlling T cell immune responses. However, little is known about their molecular requirements for homing and T cell interaction to mediate suppression. Here, we investigated the functional role of the homing and collagen IV receptor VLA-1 (α1β1-integrin) on in vitro GM-CSF generated murine MDSCs from wild-type (WT) and CD49a/α1-integrin (Itga1−/−) gene-deficient mice. Here, we found that effector (Teff) but not naive (Tn) CD4+ T cells express VLA-1 and monocytes further up-regulated their expression after culture in GM-CSF when they differentiated into the monocytic subset of resting MDSCs (R-MDSCs). Subsequent activation of R-MDSCs by LPS+IFN-γ (A-MDSCs) showed increased in vitro suppressor potential, which was independent of VLA-1. Surprisingly, VLA-1 deficiency did not influence A-MDSC motility or migration on collagen IV in vitro. However, interaction times of Itga1−/− A-MDSCs with Teff were shorter than with WT A-MDSCs on collagen IV but not on fibronectin substrate in vitro. After injection, A-MDSCs homed to the splenic red pulp where they co-localized with Teff and showed immediate suppression already after 6 h as shown by inhibition of T cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Injection of A-MDSCs from Itga1−/− mice showed equivalent homing into the spleen but a reduced suppressive effect. Interaction studies of A-MDSCs with Teff in the subcapsular red pulp with intravital two-photon microscopy revealed also here that MDSC motility and migration parameters were not altered by VLA-1 deficiency, but the interaction times with Teff were reduced. Together, our data point to a new role of VLA-1 adhesion to collagen IV as a prerequisite for extended contact times with Teff required for suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ina N Eckert
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eliana Ribechini
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katja J Jarick
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sandra Strozniak
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sarah J Potter
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Beilhack
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Manfred B Lutz
- Institute for Virology and Immunobiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zanardo TÉC, Amorim FG, Taufner GH, Pereira RHA, Baiense IM, Destefani AC, Iwai LK, Maranhão RC, Nogueira BV. Decellularized Splenic Matrix as a Scaffold for Spleen Bioengineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:573461. [PMID: 33123515 PMCID: PMC7567156 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.573461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The spleen is considered a non-essential organ. However, its importance is increasingly clear, given the serious disorders caused by its absence or dysfunction, e.g., greater susceptibility to infections, thromboembolism and cancer. Surgical techniques to preserve the spleen and maintain splenic function have become increasingly common. However, the morbidity and mortality associated with its absence and dysfunction are still high. We used the decellularization technique to obtain a viable splenic scaffold for recellularization in vitro and propose the idea of bioengineered spleen transplantation to the host. We observed the maintenance of important structural components such as white pulp, marginal zone and red pulp, in addition to the network of vascular ducts. The decellularized scaffold presents minimal residual DNA and SDS, which are essential to prevent immunogenic responses and transplantation failure. Also, the main components of the splenic matrix were preserved after decellularization, with retention of approximately 72% in the matrisomal protein content. The scaffold we developed was partially recellularized with stromal cells from the spleen of neonatal rats, demonstrating adhesion, proliferation and viability of cells. Therefore, the splenic scaffold is very promising for use in studies on spleen reconstruction and transplantation, with the aim of complete recovery of splenic function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tadeu Ériton Caliman Zanardo
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Vitória, Brazil.,Tissue Engineering Core, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Gobbi Amorim
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Vitória, Brazil.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vila Velha, Vila Velha, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Henrique Taufner
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Vitória, Brazil.,Tissue Engineering Core, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Rayssa Helena Arruda Pereira
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Vitória, Brazil.,Tissue Engineering Core, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Ian Manhoni Baiense
- Tissue Engineering Core, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Afrânio Côgo Destefani
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Vitória, Brazil.,Tissue Engineering Core, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Leo Kei Iwai
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry-Special Laboratory of Applied Toxinology LETA/CETICS, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Breno Valentim Nogueira
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Vitória, Brazil.,Tissue Engineering Core, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Almuqbil RM, Heyder RS, Bielski ER, Durymanov M, Reineke JJ, da Rocha SRP. Dendrimer Conjugation Enhances Tumor Penetration and Efficacy of Doxorubicin in Extracellular Matrix-Expressing 3D Lung Cancer Models. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1648-1662. [PMID: 32227969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent broadly used in the treatment of a range of solid tumors. In spite of its high potency, as is the case for many other chemotherapeutic drugs, there are many challenges associated with the use of DOX in clinical oncology. This is particularly true for DOX in the treatment of lung cancer, where in vitro potency is shown to be very high, but low lung distribution and off-target toxicity (particularly cardiotoxicity) restrict its use. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems (nanoDDS) have been shown to help alter biodistribution and alleviate off-target toxicity associated with DOX. While significant understanding exists regarding the design parameters to achieve those clinical benefits, much less is known regarding the design of nanoDDS capable of enhancing tumor penetration of DOX (and other drugs), which is another major factor leading to DOX's reduced efficacy. The purpose of this study was to design a dendrimer-based nanoDDS capable of enhancing the penetration of DOX as measured in an in vitro 3D lung tumor model and to correlate those results with its efficacy. Spheroids formed with the A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells/murine fibroblast cell line (NIH/3T3 cell line) are shown to produce the essential components of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is known as a physical barrier that hinders the transport of DOX. DOX was conjugated to generation 4 succinamic acid-terminated poly(amido-amine) (PAMAM) dendrimers (G4SA) through an enzyme-liable tetrapeptide (G4SA-GFLG-DOX), resulting in a nanoDDS with ∼5.5 DOX, -17 mV surface (ζ) potential, and a 10 nm hydrodynamic diameter (HD). The penetration of DOX to the core of the spheroid in terms of DOX fluorescence was determined to be 3.1-fold greater compared to free DOX, which positively correlated with enhanced efficacy as measured by the Caspase 3/7 assay. This improved penetration happens as the interactions between the G4SA-GFLG-DOX and the highly negatively charged ECM are minimized by shielding the protonatable amine of DOX upon conjugation, and the HD of the conjugate is kept smaller than the estimated mesh size of the ECM. Interestingly, the conjugate provided more specificity for DOX to tumor cells compared to fibroblasts, while free DOX is equally distributed in both tumor and fibroblasts as assessed in the coculture spheroids. Growth inhibition studies show that the released DOX maintains its activity and leads to tumor reduction to the same extent as free DOX. The results obtained here are of relevance for the design of dendrimer-based nanoDDS and for the treatment of solid tumors as they provide critical information regarding desirable surface characteristics and sizes for efficient tumor penetration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mikhail Durymanov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | - Joshua J Reineke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Morgado FN, da Silva AVA, Porrozzi R. Infectious Diseases and the Lymphoid Extracellular Matrix Remodeling: A Focus on Conduit System. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030725. [PMID: 32187985 PMCID: PMC7140664 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The conduit system was described in lymphoid organs as a tubular and reticular set of structures compounded by collagen, laminin, perlecan, and heparin sulfate proteoglycan wrapped by reticular fibroblasts. This tubular system is capable of rapidly transport small molecules such as viruses, antigens, chemokines, cytokines, and immunoglobulins through lymphoid organs. This structure plays an important role in guiding the cells to their particular niches, therefore participating in cell cooperation, antigen presentation, and cellular activation. The remodeling of conduits has been described in chronic inflammation and infectious diseases to improve the transport of antigens to specific T and B cells in lymphoid tissue. However, malnutrition and infectious agents may induce extracellular matrix remodeling directly or indirectly, leading to the microarchitecture disorganization of secondary lymphoid organs and their conduit system. In this process, the fibers and cells that compound the conduit system may also be altered, which affects the development of a specific immune response. This review aims to discuss the extracellular matrix remodeling during infectious diseases with an emphasis on the alterations of molecules from the conduit system, which damages the cellular and molecular transit in secondary lymphoid organs compromising the immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda N. Morgado
- Correspondence: (F.N.M.); (R.P.); Tel.: +55-2138658226 (F.N.M.); +55-2138658203 (R.P.)
| | | | - Renato Porrozzi
- Correspondence: (F.N.M.); (R.P.); Tel.: +55-2138658226 (F.N.M.); +55-2138658203 (R.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lin MH, Pope BD, Sasaki T, Keeley DP, Sherwood DR, Miner JH. Mammalian hemicentin 1 is assembled into tracks in the extracellular matrix of multiple tissues. Dev Dyn 2020; 249:775-788. [PMID: 32035013 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemicentins (HMCNs) are a family of extracellular matrix proteins first identified in Caenorhabditis elegans, with two orthologs (HMCN1 and 2) in vertebrates. In worms, HMCN is deposited at specific sites where it forms long, fine tracks that link two tissues by connecting adjacent basement membranes (BMs). By generating CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Hmcn1 and Hmcn2 knockout mice, we tested the hypothesis that HMCNs perform similar functions in mammals. RESULTS Hmcn1 -/- mice were viable and fertile. Using new, knockout mouse-validated HMCN1 antibodies, HMCN1 was detected in wild-type mice as fine tracks along the BM of hair and whisker follicles, in the sclera of the eyes, and in the lumen of some lymphoid conduits. It was also observed in the mesangial matrix of the kidney glomerulus. However, HMCN1 deficiency did not affect the functions of these tissues, including adherence of coat hairs and whiskers, the sieving function of lymphoid conduits, or the immune response to injected antigens. HMCN2 deficiency did not lead to any discernible phenotypes on its own or when combined with HMCN1 deficiency. CONCLUSION That Hmcn1 -/- , Hmcn2 -/- , and Hmcn1/2 double knockout mice did not display any overt phenotypes implicates compensation by other members of the fibulin family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meei-Hua Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Bill D Pope
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Takako Sasaki
- Department of Biochemistry II, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Daniel P Keeley
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David R Sherwood
- Department of Biology, Regeneration Next, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeffrey H Miner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hanadhita D, Rahma A, Wahid MR, Mayasari NLPI, Satyaningtijas AS, Hondo E, Agungpriyono S. Extracellular matrix composition of different spleen compartments of fruit bats. Anat Histol Embryol 2019; 49:281-289. [PMID: 31877588 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The distribution and composition of extracellular matrix (ECM) of the spleen in two species of fruit bats, namely Cynopterus titthaecheilus and Rousettus leschenaultii, were examined by histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Reticular fibres accompanied by laminin were identified to make up the splenic stromal network. Types I and III collagen were identified in various spleen compartments with varying intensities. Thin and short elastin fibres were scattered in several parts of the spleen. Visualization of the ECM of the spleen can better demonstrate spleen compartmentalization. The alleged vascular space structure in the fruit bats spleen was the sinus structure that was strengthened by the presence of reticular fibres that limit the sinus basement membrane. The present study identified periellipsoidal lymphoid sheath (PELS)-like structure in fruit bats spleen that had never been identified in mammals before. In addition to describing the structure, this study highlighted the variations in ECM composition of the spleen between species that can provide new insight into the phylogenetic study of spleen morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desrayni Hanadhita
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Anisa Rahma
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad R Wahid
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Ni Luh Putu I Mayasari
- Department of Animal Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Aryani S Satyaningtijas
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Eiichi Hondo
- Laboratory of Animal Morphology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Srihadi Agungpriyono
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lenti E, Bianchessi S, Proulx ST, Palano MT, Genovese L, Raccosta L, Spinelli A, Drago D, Andolfo A, Alfano M, Petrova TV, Mukenge S, Russo V, Brendolan A. Therapeutic Regeneration of Lymphatic and Immune Cell Functions upon Lympho-organoid Transplantation. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 12:1260-1268. [PMID: 31155505 PMCID: PMC6565831 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymph nodes (LNs) are secondary lymphoid tissues that play a critical role in filtering the lymph and promoting adaptive immune responses. Surgical resection of LNs, radiation therapy, or infections may damage lymphatic vasculature and compromise immune functions. Here, we describe the generation of functional synthetic lympho-organoids (LOs) using LN stromal progenitors and decellularized extracellular matrix-based scaffolds, two basic constituents of secondary lymphoid tissues. We show that upon transplantation at the site of resected LNs, LOs become integrated into the endogenous lymphatic vasculature and efficiently restore lymphatic drainage and perfusion. Upon immunization, LOs support the activation of antigen-specific immune responses, thus acquiring properties of native lymphoid tissues. These findings provide a proof-of-concept strategy for the development of functional lympho-organoids suitable for restoring lymphatic and immune cell functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Lenti
- Unit of Lymphoid Organ Development, Division of Experimental Oncology, DIBIT-1 3A2, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Bianchessi
- Unit of Lymphoid Organ Development, Division of Experimental Oncology, DIBIT-1 3A2, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Steven T Proulx
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Teresa Palano
- Unit of Lymphoid Organ Development, Division of Experimental Oncology, DIBIT-1 3A2, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Genovese
- Unit of Lymphoid Organ Development, Division of Experimental Oncology, DIBIT-1 3A2, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Raccosta
- Unit of Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonello Spinelli
- Experimental Imaging Centre, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Denise Drago
- ProMiFa, Protein Microsequencing Facility, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Annapaola Andolfo
- ProMiFa, Protein Microsequencing Facility, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Alfano
- Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Tatiana V Petrova
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, and Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, 1066 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Mukenge
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Russo
- Unit of Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Brendolan
- Unit of Lymphoid Organ Development, Division of Experimental Oncology, DIBIT-1 3A2, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Platt JL, Cascalho M. Non-canonical B cell functions in transplantation. Hum Immunol 2019; 80:363-377. [PMID: 30980861 PMCID: PMC6544480 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
B cells are differentiated to recognize antigen and respond by producing antibodies. These activities, governed by recognition of ancillary signals, defend the individual against microorganisms and the products of microorganisms and constitute the canonical function of B cells. Despite the unique differentiation (e.g. recombination and mutation of immunoglobulin gene segments) toward this canonical function, B cells can provide other, "non-canonical" functions, such as facilitating of lymphoid organogenesis and remodeling and fashioning T cell repertoires and modifying T cell responses. Some non-canonical functions are exerted by antibodies, but most are mediated by other products and/or direct actions of B cells. The diverse set of non-canonical functions makes the B cell as much as any cell a central organizer of innate and adaptive immunity. However, the diverse products and actions also confound efforts to weigh the importance of individual non-canonical B cell functions. Here we shall describe the non-canonical functions of B cells and offer our perspective on how those functions converge in the development and governance of immunity, particularly immunity to transplants, and hurdles to advancing understanding of B cell functions in transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Platt
- Departments of Surgery and of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Marilia Cascalho
- Departments of Surgery and of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Tomlin H, Piccinini AM. A complex interplay between the extracellular matrix and the innate immune response to microbial pathogens. Immunology 2018; 155:186-201. [PMID: 29908065 PMCID: PMC6142291 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the host extracellular matrix (ECM) in infection tends to be neglected. However, the complex interactions between invading pathogens, host tissues and immune cells occur in the context of the ECM. On the pathogen side, a variety of surface and secreted molecules, including microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules and tissue-degrading enzymes, are employed that interact with different ECM proteins to effectively establish an infection at specific sites. Microbial pathogens can also hijack or misuse host proteolytic systems to modify the ECM, evade immune responses or process biologically active molecules such as cell surface receptors and cytokines that direct cell behaviour and immune defence. On the host side, the ECM composition and three-dimensional ultrastructure undergo significant modifications, which have a profound impact on the specific signals that the ECM conveys to immune cells at the forefront of infection. Unexpectedly, activated immune cells participate in the remodelling of the local ECM by synthesizing ECM glycoproteins, proteoglycans and collagen molecules. The close interplay between the ECM and the innate immune response to microbial pathogens ultimately affects the outcome of infection. This review explores and discusses recent data that implicate an active role for the ECM in the immune response to infection, encompassing antimicrobial activities, microbial recognition, macrophage activation, phagocytosis, leucocyte population balance, and transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of inflammatory networks, and may foster novel antimicrobial approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Tomlin
- School of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nyström A, Bruckner-Tuderman L. Matrix molecules and skin biology. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 89:136-146. [PMID: 30076963 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
An extracellular matrix (ECM) is a prerequisite for multicellular life. It is adapted to tissues and constantly undergoes changes to preserve microenvironmental homeostasis. The ECM acts as a structural scaffold that establishes tissue architecture and provides tensile strength. It has cell-instructive functions by serving as a reservoir and presenter of soluble agents, being directly signaling, integrating transmission of mechanical and biological cues, or serving as a co-factor potentiating signaling. The skin contains a highly developed, mechanically tough, but yet flexible ECM. The tissue-specific features of this ECM are largely attributed by minor ECM components. A large number of genetic and acquired ECM diseases with skin manifestations, provide an illustrative testament to the importance of correct assembly of the ECM for dermal homeostasis. Here, we will present the composition and features of the skin ECM during homeostasis and regeneration. We will discuss genetic and acquired ECM diseases affecting skin, and provide a short outlook to therapeutic strategies for them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Nyström
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Leena Bruckner-Tuderman
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
A retinoic acid-dependent stroma-leukemia crosstalk promotes chronic lymphocytic leukemia progression. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1787. [PMID: 29725010 PMCID: PMC5934403 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the non-hematopoietic stromal microenvironment plays a critical role in promoting tumor cell recruitment, activation, survival, and expansion. However, the nature of the stromal cells and molecular pathways involved remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that leukemic B lymphocytes induce the activation of retinoid acid synthesis and signaling in the microenvironment. Inhibition of RA-signaling in stromal cells causes deregulation of genes associated with adhesion, tissue organization and chemokine secretion including the B-cell chemokine CXCL13. Notably, reducing retinoic acid precursors from the diet or inhibiting RA-signaling through retinoid-antagonist therapy prolong survival by preventing dissemination of leukemia cells into lymphoid tissues. Furthermore, mouse and human leukemia cells could be distinguished from normal B-cells by their increased expression of Rarγ2 and RXRα, respectively. These findings establish a role for retinoids in murine CLL pathogenesis, and provide new therapeutic strategies to target the microenvironment and to control disease progression. The stromal microenvironment plays a key role in the expansion of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Here, the authors use the Eµ-TCL1 mouse model to show that leukemic B-cells induce the activation of retinoic acid synthesis in stromal cells of the lymphoid microenvironment, and that impacting on retinoic acid signalling via diet or chemical inhibition prolonged survival by preventing leukemia dissemination and accumulation in lymphoid tissues.
Collapse
|
35
|
da Silva AVA, Figueiredo FB, Menezes RC, Mendes-Junior AA, de Miranda LHM, Cupolillo E, Porrozzi R, Morgado FN. Morphophysiological changes in the splenic extracellular matrix of Leishmania infantum-naturally infected dogs is associated with alterations in lymphoid niches and the CD4+ T cell frequency in spleens. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006445. [PMID: 29677186 PMCID: PMC5931683 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The spleen is one of the main affected organs in canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Disorganization of the splenic white pulp (SWP) has been associated with immunosuppression and disease progression. This study aims to assess structural and cellular changes in the splenic extracellular matrix of dogs with CVL, correlating these changes with the parasite load and clinical signs. Splenic fragments were collected from 41 naturally infected animals for parasite load quantification by quantitative PCR, histopathological analysis and immunohistochemistry for CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T cells; CD21+ B cells; Ki-67+, IFN-γ+, and IL-10+ cells; and the MMP-9 and ADAM-10 enzymes. Laminin, collagen and fibronectin deposition were also evaluated. The animals were grouped according to the level of SWP organization. SWP disorganization was accompanied by a reduction in the quantity of lymphoid follicles/mm2 (p > 0.0001). Animals with moderate to intense SWP disorganization showed more clinical signs (p = 0.021), higher laminin (p = 0.045) and collagen deposition (p = 0.036), higher MMP-9 expression (p = 0.035) and lower numbers of CD4+ T cells (p = 0.027) in the spleen than the animals with organized SWP. These data suggest that splenic structure and function are drastically altered and compromised during CVL. Infected dogs play important roles in the transmission of visceral leishmaniasis. These dogs are considered reservoirs of parasites in urban areas and fail to mount an efficient anti-Leishmania immune response. However, the specific immunosuppression profile is not completely understood. In our report, we evaluate and discuss the morphophysiological alterations in the spleens of dogs with visceral leishmaniasis. We found an association between extracellular matrix alterations and a failure to control the parasite load. We suggest a role for these alterations in hindering an immune response that is otherwise able to control the parasite load, thereby leading to disease progression. Our research contributes to the current knowledge of the immunopathology of canine visceral leishmaniasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurea Virginia Andrade da Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Leishmaniose, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Graduate student of the Masters Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Borges Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatozoonoses em Animais Domésticos, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Caldas Menezes
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatozoonoses em Animais Domésticos, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Arthur Augusto Mendes-Junior
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatozoonoses em Animais Domésticos, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luisa Helena Monteiro de Miranda
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Dermatozoonoses em Animais Domésticos, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisa Cupolillo
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Leishmaniose, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renato Porrozzi
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Leishmaniose, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Nazaré Morgado
- Laboratório de Pesquisas em Leishmaniose, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Switching between individual and collective motility in B lymphocytes is controlled by cell-matrix adhesion and inter-cellular interactions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5800. [PMID: 29643414 PMCID: PMC5895587 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24222-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphocytes alternate between phases of individual migration across tissues and phases of clustering during activation and function. The range of lymphocyte motility behaviors and the identity of the factors that govern them remain elusive. To explore this point, we here collected unprecedented statistics pertaining to cell displacements, cell:matrix and cell:cell interactions using a model B cell line as well as primary human B lymphocytes. At low cell density, individual B lymphocytes displayed a high heterogeneity in their speed and diffusivity. Beyond this intrinsic variability, B lymphocytes adapted their motility to the composition of extra-cellular matrix, adopting slow persistent walks over collagen IV and quick Brownian walks over fibronectin. At high cell density, collagen IV favored the self-assembly of B lymphocytes into clusters endowed with collective coordination, while fibronectin stimulated individual motility. We show that this behavioral plasticity is controlled by acto-myosin dependent adhesive and Arp2/3-dependent protrusive actin pools, respectively. Our study reveals the adaptive nature of B lymphocyte motility and group dynamics, which are shaped by an interplay between and cell:matrix and cell:cell interactions.
Collapse
|
37
|
Susek KH, Korpos E, Huppert J, Wu C, Savelyeva I, Rosenbauer F, Müller-Tidow C, Koschmieder S, Sorokin L. Bone marrow laminins influence hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell cycling and homing to the bone marrow. Matrix Biol 2018; 67:47-62. [PMID: 29360499 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) functions are regulated by a specialized microenvironment in the bone marrow - the hematopoietic stem cell niche - of which the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an integral component. We describe here the localization of ECM molecules, in particular the laminin α4, α3 and α5 containing isoforms in the bone marrow. Laminin 421 (composed of laminin α4, β2, γ1 chains) is identified as a major component of the bone marrow ECM, occurring abundantly surrounding venous sinuses and in a specialized reticular fiber network of the intersinusoidal spaces of murine bone marrow (BM) in close association with HSPC. Bone marrow from Lama4-/- mice is significantly less efficient in reconstituting the hematopoietic system of irradiated wildtype (WT) recipients in competitive bone marrow transplantation assays and shows reduced colony formation in vitro. This is partially due to retention of Lin-c-kit+Sca-1+CD48- long-term and short-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSC/ST-HSC) in the G0 phase of the cell cycle in Lama4-/- bone marrow and hence a more quiescent phenotype. In addition, the extravasation of WT BM cells into Lama4-/- bone marrow is impaired, influencing the recirculation of HSPC. Our data suggest that these effects are mediated by a compensatory expression of laminin α5 containing isoforms (laminin 521/522) in Lama4-/- bone marrow. Collectively, these intrinsic and extrinsic effects lead to reduced HSPC numbers in Lama4-/- bone marrow and reduced hematopoietic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Helene Susek
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Eva Korpos
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Jula Huppert
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Chuan Wu
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany; Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Irina Savelyeva
- Institute of Molecular Tumor Biology, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Frank Rosenbauer
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany; Institute of Molecular Tumor Biology, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany; Department of Medicine A-Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg Germany
| | - Steffen Koschmieder
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany; Department of Medicine A-Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lydia Sorokin
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Muenster, Germany; Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Impaired lymphoid extracellular matrix impedes antibacterial immunity in epidermolysis bullosa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E705-E714. [PMID: 29305555 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1709111115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic loss of collagen VII causes recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB), a skin fragility disorder that, unexpectedly, manifests also with elevated colonization of commensal bacteria and frequent wound infections. Here, we describe an unprecedented systemic function of collagen VII as a member of a unique innate immune-supporting multiprotein complex in spleen and lymph nodes. In this complex, collagen VII specifically binds and sequesters the innate immune activator cochlin in the lumen of lymphoid conduits. In genetic mouse models, loss of collagen VII increased bacterial colonization by diminishing levels of circulating cochlin LCCL domain. Intraperitoneal injection of collagen VII, which restored cochlin in the spleen, but not in the skin, reactivated peripheral innate immune cells via cochlin and reduced bacterial skin colonization. Systemic administration of the cochlin LCCL domain was alone sufficient to diminish bacterial supercolonization of RDEB mouse skin. Human validation demonstrated that RDEB patients displayed lower levels of systemic cochlin LCCL domain with subsequently impaired macrophage response in infected wounds. This study identifies an intrinsic innate immune dysfunction in RDEB and uncovers a unique role of the lymphoid extracellular matrix in systemic defense against bacteria.
Collapse
|
39
|
Villarreal ED, Hewgley WP, Lang WH, Morton CL, Mao S, Wu J, Sandoval JA. In-bag enzymatic splenic digestion: a novel alternative to manual morcellation? J Surg Res 2017; 218:209-216. [PMID: 28985851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contained in-bag spleen morcellation is a conventional extraction technique for safe spleen removal during laparoscopic splenectomy. Existing data for the use of in-bag enzymatic splenic digestion as an alternative to morcellation are lacking. This proof-of-concept study sought to evaluate the effectiveness of single and combinatorial enzyme digestion of murine spleens. MATERIALS AND METHODS Murine spleens were digested with collagenase alone or with combinations of commercially available enzymes (collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase, neutral protease) to determine their degradation effect. The primary end point was the percentage of mass reduction at 15 and 30 min. RESULTS For collagenase alone (n = 15), the mean reduction in mass was 14 ± 10% (range: 2%-31%) at 15 min and 30 ± 25% (range: 7%-100%) at 30 min. Using combinatorial dissolution with collagenase, hyaluronidase, and elastase (n = 8), the mean reduction in mass was 27 ± 16% (range: 6%-42%) at 15 min and 48 ± 27% (range: 3%-100%) at 30 min. Injecting the enzyme solution into whole spleens (n = 9) yielded a mean reduction in mass of 22 ± 13% (range: 9%-42%) at 15 min and 55 ± 31% (range: 9%-100%) at 30 min; mean reduction was 9 ± 13% (range: 0%-39%) at 15 min and 23 ± 13% (range: 3%-53%) with no injection (n = 12). CONCLUSIONS We provide the first demonstration of successful enzymatic murine spleen digestion as an alternative method for in-bag spleen removal during laparoscopic splenectomy. However, the significant cost and quantities of commercial enzyme required for clinical application dampens the enthusiasm for this novel approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Villarreal
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee; University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - William Preston Hewgley
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee; University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Walter H Lang
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Christopher L Morton
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Shenghua Mao
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jianrong Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - John A Sandoval
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Baptist Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Engin AB, Nikitovic D, Neagu M, Henrich-Noack P, Docea AO, Shtilman MI, Golokhvast K, Tsatsakis AM. Mechanistic understanding of nanoparticles' interactions with extracellular matrix: the cell and immune system. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:22. [PMID: 28646905 PMCID: PMC5483305 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0199-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an extraordinarily complex and unique meshwork composed of structural proteins and glycosaminoglycans. The ECM provides essential physical scaffolding for the cellular constituents, as well as contributes to crucial biochemical signaling. Importantly, ECM is an indispensable part of all biological barriers and substantially modulates the interchange of the nanotechnology products through these barriers. The interactions of the ECM with nanoparticles (NPs) depend on the morphological characteristics of intercellular matrix and on the physical characteristics of the NPs and may be either deleterious or beneficial. Importantly, an altered expression of ECM molecules ultimately affects all biological processes including inflammation. This review critically discusses the specific behavior of NPs that are within the ECM domain, and passing through the biological barriers. Furthermore, regenerative and toxicological aspects of nanomaterials are debated in terms of the immune cells-NPs interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Basak Engin
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Hipodrom, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- Laboratory of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Monica Neagu
- “Victor Babes” National Institute of Pathology, Immunology Department, 99-101 Splaiul Independentei, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Petra Henrich-Noack
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Petru Rares, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Mikhail I. Shtilman
- Master School Biomaterials, D.I. Mendeleyev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kirill Golokhvast
- Scientific Educational Center Nanotechnology, Engineering School, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Aristidis M. Tsatsakis
- Scientific Educational Center Nanotechnology, Engineering School, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete Greece
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kallendrusch S, Merz F, Bechmann I, Mayr SG, Zink M. Long-Term Tissue Culture of Adult Brain and Spleen Slices on Nanostructured Scaffolds. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28218503 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Long-term tissue culture of adult mammalian organs is a highly promising approach to bridge the gap between single cell cultures and animal experiments, and bears the potential to reduce in vivo studies. Novel biomimetic materials open up new possibilities to maintain the complex tissue structure in vitro; however, survival times of adult tissues ex vivo are still limited to a few days with established state-of-the-art techniques. Here, it is demonstrated that TiO2 nanotube scaffolds with specific tissue-tailored characteristics can serve as superior substrates for long-term adult brain and spleen tissue culture. High viability of the explants for at least two weeks is achieved and compared to tissues cultured on standard polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes. Histological and immunohistochemical staining and live imaging are used to investigate tissue condition after 5 and 14 d in vitro, while environmental scanning electron microscopy qualifies the interaction with the underlying scaffold. In contrast to tissues cultured on PTFE membranes, enhanced tissue morphology is detected in spleen slices, as well as minor cell death in neuronal tissue, both cultured on nanotube scaffolds. This novel biomimetic tissue model will prove to be useful to address fundamental biological and medical questions from tissue regeneration up to tumor progression and therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Kallendrusch
- Institute of Anatomy; University of Leipzig; Oststr. 25 04317 Leipzig Germany
| | - Felicitas Merz
- Institute of Anatomy; University of Leipzig; Oststr. 25 04317 Leipzig Germany
| | - Ingo Bechmann
- Institute of Anatomy; University of Leipzig; Oststr. 25 04317 Leipzig Germany
| | - Stefan G. Mayr
- Leibniz Institute for Surface Modification (IOM) e.V.; Permoser Str. 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
- Division of Surface Physics; Department of Physics and Earth Sciences; University of Leipzig; 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Mareike Zink
- Soft Matter Physics Division; Institute for Experimental Physics 1; University of Leipzig; Linnéstr. 5 04103 Leipzig Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Watanabe R, Kakizaki M. Extracellular matrix in the CNS induced by neuropathogenic viral infection. Neuropathology 2017; 37:311-320. [PMID: 28317173 PMCID: PMC7168127 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
During the early phase of infection with an extremely neurovirulent murine coronavirus, cl-2, the ER-TR7 antigen (ERag)-positive fibers (ERfibs) associated with laminin and collagen III show a rapid increase in expression levels in the meninges, followed by an appearance of the antigens in the ventricle and brain parenchyma. Then, cl-2 invades the ventricle and ventricular wall along the newly assembled ERfibs after infection, using them as a pathway from the meninges, the initial site of infection. In the lymph nodes and spleen, ERag is mainly produced by fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs), which play a key role in nursing the ERfibs to form a fibroblastic reticular network (FRN). The FRN functions as a conduit system to transfer antigens, cytokines or leukocytes in the lymphoid organs. In the brain parenchyma, astrocytes were found to produce the main components of mature ERfibs, such as collagen, laminin and ERag, which have been identified in the lymphoid organs. The producibility of these extracellular matrices (ECMs) by astrocytes was further confirmed by primary brain cultures, which disclosed the dissociation of laminin and ERag production, and the close association of ERag production with that of collagen, forming a fibrous structure. The pattern of ECM production in vitro indicated the process of forming mature ERfibs in the brain, that is, fibers made of collagen fibers and ERag are wrapped by laminin prepared as a sheet structure. In addition, the brain parenchymal cells that produce interferon β after infection in spite of their residence away from the sites of viral invasion were surrounded by ERfibs, which were closely associated with astrocytic fibers. These findings indicate that astrocytes play a central role in forming the astrocytic reticular network (ARN) in the brain parenchyma, as FRCs do to form FRN in the lymphoid organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rihito Watanabe
- Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kakizaki
- Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Watanabe R, Kakizaki M, Ikehara Y, Togayachi A. Formation of fibroblastic reticular network in the brain after infection with neurovirulent murine coronavirus. Neuropathology 2016; 36:513-526. [PMID: 27121485 PMCID: PMC7167860 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
cl‐2 virus is an extremely neurovirulent murine coronavirus. However, during the initial phase of infection between 12 and 24 h post‐inoculation (hpi), the viral antigens are detected only in the meninges, followed by viral spread into the ventricular wall before invasion into the brain parenchyma, indicating that the viruses employ a passage between the meninges and ventricular wall as an entry route into the brain parenchyma. At 48 hpi, the passage was found to be constructed by ER‐TR7 antigen (ERag)‐positive fibers (ERfibs) associated with laminin and collagen III between the fourth ventricle and meninges at the cerebellopontine angle. The construct of the fibers mimics the reticular fibers of the fibroblastic reticular network, which comprises a conduit system in the lymphoid organs. In the meninges, ERfibs together with collagen fibers, lining in a striped pattern, made up a pile of thin sheets. In the brain parenchyma, mature ERfibs associated with laminin were found around blood vessels. Besides mature ERfibs, immature Erfibs without associations with other extracellular matrix components like laminin and collagen appeared after infection, suggesting that the CNS creates a unique conduit system for immune communication triggered by viral invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rihito Watanabe
- Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kakizaki
- Department of Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Engineering, Soka University, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Ikehara
- Research Center For Medical Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira Togayachi
- Research Center For Medical Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lymphoid Tissue Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Development and Tissue Remodeling. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:8419104. [PMID: 27190524 PMCID: PMC4846763 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8419104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) are sites that facilitate cell-cell interactions required for generating adaptive immune responses. Nonhematopoietic mesenchymal stromal cells have been shown to play a critical role in SLO function, organization, and tissue homeostasis. The stromal microenvironment undergoes profound remodeling to support immune responses. However, chronic inflammatory conditions can promote uncontrolled stromal cell activation and aberrant tissue remodeling including fibrosis, thus leading to tissue damage. Despite recent advancements, the origin and role of mesenchymal stromal cells involved in SLO development and remodeling remain unclear.
Collapse
|
45
|
Milićević NM, Schmidt F, Kunz N, Kalies K, Milićević Ž, Schlosser A, Holmskov U, Sorensen GL, Westermann J. The role of microfibrillar-associated protein 4 (MFAP4) in the formation and function of splenic compartments during embryonic and adult life. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 365:135-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2374-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
46
|
Spenlé C, Gasser I, Saupe F, Janssen KP, Arnold C, Klein A, van der Heyden M, Mutterer J, Neuville-Méchine A, Chenard MP, Guenot D, Esposito I, Slotta-Huspenina J, Ambartsumian N, Simon-Assmann P, Orend G. Spatial organization of the tenascin-C microenvironment in experimental and human cancer. Cell Adh Migr 2015; 9:4-13. [PMID: 25611571 PMCID: PMC4594615 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2015.1005452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) molecule tenascin-C (TNC) promotes tumor progression. This has recently been demonstrated in the stochastic murine RIP1-Tag2 insulinoma model, engineered to either express TNC abundantly or to be devoid of TNC. However, our knowledge about organization of the TNC microenvironment is scant. Here we determined the spatial distribution of TNC together with other ECM molecules in murine RIP1-Tag2 insulinoma and human cancer tissue (insulinoma and colorectal carcinoma). We found that TNC is organized in matrix tracks together with other ECM molecules of the AngioMatrix signature, a previously described gene expression profile that characterizes the angiogenic switch. Moreover, stromal cells including endothelial cells, fibroblasts and leukocytes were enriched in the TNC tracks. Thus, TNC tracks may provide niches for stromal cells and regulate their behavior. Given similarities of TNC rich niches for stromal cells in human insulinoma and colon cancer, we propose that the RIP1-Tag2 model may be useful for providing insights into the contribution of the tumor stroma specific ECM as promoter of cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Spenlé
- a Inserm U1109 ; The Microenvironmental Niche in Tumorigenesis and Targeted Therapy ; (MN3T) ; Strasbourg , France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Hallmann R, Zhang X, Di Russo J, Li L, Song J, Hannocks MJ, Sorokin L. The regulation of immune cell trafficking by the extracellular matrix. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2015; 36:54-61. [PMID: 26189064 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) comes in different structural forms and biochemical compositions, which determine both its biophysical properties and its ability to convey specific signals to immune cells encountering or navigating through it. Traditionally, the role of the individual ECM molecules on cell migration has been investigated independent of considerations such as the tension/mechanical strength constituted by the ECM. However, more recently, this aspect has attracted considerable attention and data suggest that rigidity and molecular signals derived from the ECM define the mode of cell migration. We here review the different types of ECM encountered by migrating immune cells in vivo, as well as current information on how both molecular components of the ECM and their supramolecular structure can impact on modes of immune cell migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rupert Hallmann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Jacopo Di Russo
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Lixia Li
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Jian Song
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Melanie-Jane Hannocks
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany
| | - Lydia Sorokin
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry and Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Inoue M, Shinohara ML. Cutting edge: Role of osteopontin and integrin αv in T cell-mediated anti-inflammatory responses in endotoxemia. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:5595-8. [PMID: 25972484 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is equipped with mechanisms that downregulate hyperinflammation to avoid collateral damage. We demonstrated recently that unprimed T cells downregulate macrophage TNF production through direct interaction with macrophages in the spleen during LPS endotoxemia. How T cell migration toward macrophages occurs upon LPS injection is still not clear. In this study, we demonstrate that secreted osteopontin (sOPN) plays a role in the T cell migration to initiate the suppression of hyperinflammation during endotoxemia. Osteopontin levels in splenic macrophages were upregulated 2 h after LPS treatment, whereas T cell migration toward macrophages was observed 3 h after treatment. Neutralization of sOPN and blockade of its receptor, integrin αv, significantly inhibited CD4(+) T cell migration and increased susceptibility to endotoxemia. Our study demonstrates that the sOPN/integrin αv axis, which induces T cell chemotaxis toward macrophages, is critical for suppressing hyperinflammation during the first 3 h of endotoxemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Inoue
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710; and
| | - Mari L Shinohara
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710; and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wang X, Rodda L, Bannard O, Cyster JG. Integrin-mediated interactions between B cells and follicular dendritic cells influence germinal center B cell fitness. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2014; 192:4601-9. [PMID: 24740506 PMCID: PMC4056595 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1400090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Integrin-ligand interactions between germinal center (GC) B cells and Ag-presenting follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) have been suggested to play central roles during GC responses, but their in vivo requirement has not been directly tested. In this study, we show that, whereas integrins αLβ2 and α4β1 are highly expressed and functional on mouse GC B cells, removal of single integrins or their ligands had little effect on B cell participation in the GC response. Combined β2 integrin deficiency and α4 integrin blockade also did not affect the GC response against a particulate Ag. However, the combined integrin deficiency did cause B cells to be outcompeted in splenic GC responses against a soluble protein Ag and in mesenteric lymph node GC responses against gut-derived Ags. Similar findings were made for β2-deficient B cells in mice lacking VCAM1 on FDCs. The reduced fitness of the GC B cells did not appear to be due to decreased Ag acquisition, proliferation rates, or pAKT levels. In summary, our findings provide evidence that αLβ2 and α4β1 play overlapping and context-dependent roles in supporting interactions with FDCs that can augment the fitness of responding GC B cells. We also find that mouse GC B cells upregulate αvβ3 and adhere to vitronectin and milk-fat globule epidermal growth factor VIII protein. Integrin β3-deficient B cells contributed in a slightly exaggerated manner to GC responses, suggesting this integrin has a regulatory function in GC B cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of
Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus
Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Lauren Rodda
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of
Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus
Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Oliver Bannard
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of
Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus
Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Jason G. Cyster
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of
Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus
Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kellermayer Z, Fisi V, Mihalj M, Berta G, Kóbor J, Balogh P. Marginal Zone Macrophage Receptor MARCO Is Trapped in Conduits Formed by Follicular Dendritic Cells in the Spleen. J Histochem Cytochem 2014; 62:436-449. [PMID: 24670793 DOI: 10.1369/0022155414529595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The marginal zone (MZ) region of the spleen plays an important role in leukocyte traffic and the removal of blood-borne pathogens by resident macrophages. Macrophage receptor with a collagenous structure (MARCO), expressed by MZ macrophages, recognizes several microbial ligands and is also involved in the retention of MZ B cells. Here, we report that MARCO is also associated with follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in the spleen. In its FDC-associated form MARCO is arranged in 0.3-0.5-μm diameter granular-fibrillar structures with an appearance similar to the white pulp conduit system formed by fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs), but with different compartment preference. The follicular display of MARCO resists irradiation and requires the presence of both MZ macrophages and differentiated FDCs. The follicular delivery of MARCO is independent from the shuffling of marginal zone B cells, and it persists after clodronate liposome-mediated depletion of MZ macrophages. Our findings thus indicate that MARCO is distributed to both MZ and follicles within the spleen into conduit-like structures, where FDC-bound MARCO may mediate communication between the stromal microenvironments of MZ and follicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Kellermayer
- Department of Immunology & Biotechnology (ZK,VF,MM,PB) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Medical Biology, (GB) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Oncotherapy (JK) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryLymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center (ZK,PB) University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Viktória Fisi
- Department of Immunology & Biotechnology (ZK,VF,MM,PB) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Medical Biology, (GB) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Oncotherapy (JK) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryLymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center (ZK,PB) University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Martina Mihalj
- Department of Immunology & Biotechnology (ZK,VF,MM,PB) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Medical Biology, (GB) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Oncotherapy (JK) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryLymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center (ZK,PB) University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gergely Berta
- Department of Immunology & Biotechnology (ZK,VF,MM,PB) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Medical Biology, (GB) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Oncotherapy (JK) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryLymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center (ZK,PB) University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Kóbor
- Department of Immunology & Biotechnology (ZK,VF,MM,PB) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Medical Biology, (GB) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Oncotherapy (JK) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryLymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center (ZK,PB) University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology & Biotechnology (ZK,VF,MM,PB) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Medical Biology, (GB) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryDepartment of Oncotherapy (JK) University of Pécs, Pécs, HungaryLymphoid Organogenesis Research Group, Szentágothai János Research Center (ZK,PB) University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|