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Yoshioka T, So R, Funada S, Tsutsumi S, Nakaya T, Okubo R, Minami T, Tabuchi T. Association of night-shift work with gambling and problem gambling among workers in Japan: A nationwide cross-sectional study. Addict Behav 2024; 156:108071. [PMID: 38805772 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.108071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Night-shift work disturbs sleep and is associated with poor health conditions among workers. We aimed to investigate the association between night-shift work and gambling among workers and the association between night-shift work and problem gambling in working and gambling participants. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data from an online survey conducted between February 6 and 27, 2023 in Japan. A total of 21,134 workers participated in this study, including 9,739 respondents who had gambled in the past year. We estimated the association between night-shift work and gambling among workers and the association between night-shift work and problem gambling among those who gambled at the survey. We defined problem gambling as a score ≥ 8 on the Problem Gambling Severity Index. All estimates were weighted using a nationally representative survey in Japan. We fitted multivariable weighted logistic regression models after adjusting for 14 confounders. RESULTS The weighted prevalence of gambling among non-night and night-shift workers was 42.1 % and 55.4 %, respectively. When focusing on workers gambling in the survey, the prevalence of problem gambling among non-night and night-shift workers was 8.8 % and 24.2 %, respectively. The weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses showed that night-shift work was associated with gambling participation among workers (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.39, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.25-1.53, p < 0.001). In addition, night-shift work was associated with problem gambling among those who gambled (aOR 1.94, 95 % CI 1.57-2.40, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Night-shift work was associated with gambling among workers and with problem gambling among those who gambled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshioka
- Health Technology Assessment Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ryuhei So
- Department of Psychiatry, Okayama Psychiatric Medical Center, Okayama, Japan; CureApp, Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Funada
- Health Technology Assessment Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiori Tsutsumi
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nakaya
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ryo Okubo
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Minami
- Division of Quality Assurance Programs, Institute for Cancer Control, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tabuchi
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan; Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan; The Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, Tokyo, Japan
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Yovera-Aldana M, Mezones-Holguín E, Agüero-Zamora R, Damas-Casani L, Uriol-Llanos B, Espinoza-Morales F, Soto-Becerra P, Ticse-Aguirre R. External validation of Finnish diabetes risk score (FINDRISC) and Latin American FINDRISC for screening of undiagnosed dysglycemia: Analysis in a Peruvian hospital health care workers sample. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299674. [PMID: 39110713 PMCID: PMC11305586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the external validity of Finnish diabetes risk score (FINDRISC) and Latin American FINDRISC (LAFINDRISC) for undiagnosed dysglycemia in hospital health care workers. METHODS We carried out a cross-sectional study on health workers without a prior history of diabetes mellitus (DM). Undiagnosed dysglycemia (prediabetes or diabetes mellitus) was defined using fasting glucose and two-hour oral glucose tolerance test. LAFINDRISC is an adapted version of FINDRISC with different waist circumference cut-off points. We calculated the area under the receptor operational characteristic curve (AUROC) and explored the best cut-off point. RESULTS We included 549 participants in the analysis. The frequency of undiagnosed dysglycemia was 17.8%. The AUROC of LAFINDRISC and FINDRISC were 71.5% and 69.2%; p = 0.007, respectively. The optimal cut-off for undiagnosed dysglycemiaaccording to Index Youden was ≥ 11 in LAFINDRISC (Sensitivity: 78.6%; Specificity: 51.7%) and ≥12 in FINDRISC (Sensitivity: 70.4%; Specificity: 53.9%). CONCLUSION The discriminative capacity of both questionnaires is good for the diagnosis of dysglycemia in the healthcare personnel of the María Auxiliadora hospital. The LAFINDRISC presented a small statistical difference, nontheless clinically similar, since there was no difference by age or sex. Further studies in the general population are required to validate these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon Yovera-Aldana
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencias, Efectividad Clínica y Salud Pública, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú
| | - Edward Mezones-Holguín
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales en Salud, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Perú
- Epi-gnosis Solutions, Piura, Peru
| | - Rosa Agüero-Zamora
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Perú
| | | | | | | | - Percy Soto-Becerra
- Instituto de Evaluación en Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación (IETSI), Lima, Perú
- Universidad Continental, Huancayo, Peru
| | - Ray Ticse-Aguirre
- Universidad Continental, Huancayo, Peru
- Escuela de Posgrado, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú
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Dobrowolska-Zrałka K, Janek Ł, Pawlik-Sobecka L, Smereka J, Regulska-Ilow B. Association of the Length of Service in the 24/48 Shift of Firefighters of the State Fire Service in Wroclaw on Selected Serum Biochemical Parameters of Nutritional Status. Nutrients 2024; 16:2467. [PMID: 39125346 PMCID: PMC11314308 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of the quality of diet as calculated by the Nutrient Rich Food index (NRF9.3), and length of service (LS) (≤10 years vs. >10 years) with selected serum biochemical parameters, the proportions of different lipid profile fractions and advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) values of 108 firefighters from the State Fire Service in Wroclaw. The LS officers > 10 years had significantly higher total cholesterol (211.50 (184.00-254.00) vs. 184.00 (166.00-194.00)), LDL (123.75 (108.20-167.90) vs. 105.18 (90.24-119.00)) non-HDL (151.70 (132.00-196.70) vs. 122.00 (106.00-140.00)), triglycerides (118.50 (96.00-158.00) vs. 78.00 (67.00-103.00)) and lower HDL concentrations (51.30 (45.60-56.70) vs. 58.00 (51.70-66.10)) compared to firefighters in the LS ≤ 10 years group. Significant differences between the seniority groups were also noted for all lipid profile ratios. Regardless of the officers' seniority, systolic blood pressure was observed at the highest normal level of 134.4 ± 14.4 in the LS ≤ 10 years group and 139.5 ± 14.3 in the LS > 10 years group. Advanced glycation endproduct values were significantly dependent on diet quality, as expressed by the NRF9.3 index and on the TG/HDL ratio, but not on seniority. Diet quality, as expressed by the NRF9.3 index, had a significant association with GLU and FI levels, and components of the lipid profile between seniority groups. As NRF9.3 increased, TG/HDL, LDL/HDL, TC/HDL, and non-HDL/HDL ratios decreased. AGEs were significantly affected by NRF9.3 and significantly associated with TG/HDL. Firefighters' diets, as assessed by the NRF9.3 index, had a significant association with predictors of insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiometabolic predictors between seniority groups. The nutritional education of firefighters (and other professional groups working irregularly), especially those with longer tenure (e.g., >10 years), is necessary to prevent the development of, e.g., CVD, MetS, and T2DM, which contribute towards a reduced ability to perform professional duties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Dobrowolska-Zrałka
- Department of Dietetics and Bromatology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Łucja Janek
- Statistical Analysis Center, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. K. Marcinkowskiego 2-6, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Lilla Pawlik-Sobecka
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Jacek Smereka
- Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Parkowa 34, 51-616 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Bożena Regulska-Ilow
- Department of Dietetics and Bromatology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Savvidis C, Kallistrou E, Kouroglou E, Dionysopoulou S, Gavriiloglou G, Ragia D, Tsiama V, Proikaki S, Belis K, Ilias I. Circadian rhythm disruption and endocrine-related tumors. World J Clin Oncol 2024; 15:818-834. [PMID: 39071458 PMCID: PMC11271730 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v15.i7.818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
This review delved into the intricate relationship between circadian clocks and physiological processes, emphasizing their critical role in maintaining homeostasis. Orchestrated by interlocked clock genes, the circadian timekeeping system regulates fundamental processes like the sleep-wake cycle, energy metabolism, immune function, and cell proliferation. The central oscillator in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus synchronizes with light-dark cycles, while peripheral tissue clocks are influenced by cues such as feeding times. Circadian disruption, linked to modern lifestyle factors like night shift work, correlates with adverse health outcomes, including metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, infections, and cancer. We explored the molecular mechanisms of circadian clock genes and their impact on metabolic disorders and cancer pathogenesis. Specific associations between circadian disruption and endocrine tumors, spanning breast, ovarian, testicular, prostate, thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal gland cancers, are highlighted. Shift work is associated with increased breast cancer risk, with PER genes influencing tumor progression and drug resistance. CLOCK gene expression correlates with cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer, while factors like aging and intermittent fasting affect prostate cancer. Our review underscored the intricate interplay between circadian rhythms and cancer, involving the regulation of the cell cycle, DNA repair, metabolism, immune function, and the tumor microenvironment. We advocated for integrating biological timing into clinical considerations for personalized healthcare, proposing that understanding these connections could lead to novel therapeutic approaches. Evidence supports circadian rhythm-focused therapies, particularly chronotherapy, for treating endocrine tumors. Our review called for further research to uncover detailed connections between circadian clocks and cancer, providing essential insights for targeted treatments. We emphasized the importance of public health interventions to mitigate lifestyle-related circadian disruptions and underscored the critical role of circadian rhythms in disease mechanisms and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Savvidis
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Efthymia Kallistrou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Eleni Kouroglou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Sofia Dionysopoulou
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | | | - Dimitra Ragia
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Tsiama
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Stella Proikaki
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Belis
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
| | - Ioannis Ilias
- Department of Endocrinology, Hippocration General Hospital, Athens GR-11527, Greece
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Ding L, Weger BD, Liu J, Zhou L, Lim Y, Wang D, Xie Z, Liu J, Ren J, Zheng J, Zhang Q, Yu M, Weger M, Morrison M, Xiao X, Gachon F. Maternal high fat diet induces circadian clock-independent endocrine alterations impacting the metabolism of the offspring. iScience 2024; 27:110343. [PMID: 39045103 PMCID: PMC11263959 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Maternal obesity has long-term effects on offspring metabolic health. Among the potential mechanisms, prior research has indicated potential disruptions in circadian rhythms and gut microbiota in the offspring. To challenge this hypothesis, we implemented a maternal high fat diet regimen before and during pregnancy, followed by a standard diet after birth. Our findings confirm that maternal obesity impacts offspring birth weight and glucose and lipid metabolisms. However, we found minimal impact on circadian rhythms and microbiota that are predominantly driven by the feeding/fasting cycle. Notably, maternal obesity altered rhythmic liver gene expression, affecting mitochondrial function and inflammatory response without disrupting the hepatic circadian clock. These changes could be explained by a masculinization of liver gene expression similar to the changes observed in polycystic ovarian syndrome. Intriguingly, such alterations seem to provide the first-generation offspring with a degree of protection against obesity when exposed to a high fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Benjamin D. Weger
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jieying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
- Department of Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Liyuan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Yenkai Lim
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Dongmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ziyan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jing Ren
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jia Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Meltem Weger
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Mark Morrison
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Xinhua Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Frédéric Gachon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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Hemati N, Satari S, Khazaie H, Salimi Y, Najafi F, Pasdar Y, Darbandi M. The mediating effect of sleep duration on metabolic syndrome severity in adults: a structural equation modeling approach. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:75. [PMID: 38807076 PMCID: PMC11134647 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01611-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated to sleep duration. It is crucial to identify factors that disrupt sleep regulation. The study aimed to assess the indirect effect of risk factors related to MetS severity through sleep duration by utilizing a structural equation model (SEM). METHODS The study involving 3,935 adults from the baseline data of the Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study. MetS severity scores were the outcome variables. SEM was employed to explore the relationships, utilizing IBM SPSS and AMOS version 23. RESULTS The mean MetS severity score was higher in women compared to men (0.25 vs. 0.16, P = 0.003). In men, socioeconomic status (SES) has a positive direct effect (β = 0.048) and a negative indirect effect (β=-0.006) on MetS severity. Increased physical activity is directly (β=-0.036) and indirectly (β=-0.093) associated with reducing MetS severity. Nap duration is directly linked to an increase (β = 0.072) but has an indirect effect (β=-0.008) in decreasing MetS severity. In women, SES has a direct (β=-0.020) and indirect (β=-0.001) inverse relationship with MetS severity. Increased physical activity is directly (β=-0.048) and indirectly (β=-0.036) associated with decreasing MetS severity in women. Nap duration is directly associated with an increase in MetS severity (β=-0.018) but indirectly contributes to its reduction (β=-0.002). Sleep duration not only directly affects MetS severity but is also influenced by age, SES, physical activity, obesity and nap duration. CONCLUSION Physical activity, SES, and nap duration directly and indirectly effect the MetS severity. Sleep duration was recognized as a mediating variable that supports the indirect effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Hemati
- Internal Medicine Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shabnam Satari
- Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yahya Salimi
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farid Najafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mitra Darbandi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Kyung M, Park S, Park CG, Hong O. Association between Sleep Duration, Social Jetlag, and the Metabolic Syndrome by Shift Works. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:668. [PMID: 38928916 PMCID: PMC11204024 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21060668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Lifestyle factors, including sleep characteristics, have been implicated in the development of metabolic syndrome, particularly among shift workers. This study aimed to explore the relationship between shift work, sleep duration, social jetlag, and the risk of metabolic syndrome among U.S. workers and the moderating effect of sleep duration and social jetlag on this relationship. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2017-2020 March were analyzed. Poisson regression models were employed to examine associations. Among 4136 U.S. workers, 53.3% had metabolic syndrome, with a higher proportion of shift workers (63.8% vs. 56.7%, p = 0.001) and those sleeping less than 6 h or more than 9 h per week (22.3% vs. 19.1%, p = 0.044) in the affected group. Shift workers were initially found to have an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (Coef. = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.16); however, this association was mitigated when accounting for the interaction with social jetlag. Specifically, 1 to <2 h of social jetlag interacted significantly, increasing metabolic risk (Coef. = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.22), whereas 1 to <2 h alone showed a protective effect (Coef. = -0.11, 95% CI: -0.17, -0.06). These findings suggest that optimizing sleep schedules and addressing social jetlag may be crucial in mitigating metabolic syndrome risks among shift workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Kyung
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwon Park
- School of Nursing, University of Michigan, 400 North Ingalls Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Chang Gi Park
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 S. Damen Ave., MC 802, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - OiSaeng Hong
- School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, 2 Koret Way, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
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Xin M, Bi F, Wang C, Huang Y, Xu Y, Liang S, Cai T, Xu X, Dong L, Li T, Wang X, Fang Y, Xu Z, Wang C, Wang M, Song X, Zheng Y, Sun W, Li L. The circadian rhythm: A new target of natural products that can protect against diseases of the metabolic system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00133-4. [PMID: 38631431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of metabolic system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system diseases remains to be explored. In the internal environment of organisms, the metabolism of substances such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins (including biohormones and enzymes) exhibit a certain circadian rhythm to maintain the energy supply and material cycle needed for the normal activities of organisms. As a key factor for the health of organisms, the circadian rhythm can be disrupted by pathological conditions, and this disruption accelerates the progression of diseases and results in a vicious cycle. The current treatments targeting the circadian rhythm for the treatment of metabolic system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system diseases have certain limitations, and the identification of safer and more effective circadian rhythm regulators is needed. AIM OF THE REVIEW To systematically assess the possibility of using the biological clock as a natural product target for disease intervention, this work reviews a range of evidence on the potential effectiveness of natural products targeting the circadian rhythm to protect against diseases of the metabolic system, cardiovascular system, and nervous system. This manuscript focuses on how natural products restore normal function by affecting the amplitude of the expression of circadian factors, sleep/wake cycles and the structure of the gut microbiota. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF THE REVIEW This work proposes that the circadian rhythm, which is regulated by the amplitude of the expression of circadian rhythm-related factors and the sleep/wake cycle, is crucial for diseases of the metabolic system, cardiovascular system and nervous system and is a new target for slowing the progression of diseases through the use of natural products. This manuscript provides a reference for the molecular modeling of natural products that target the circadian rhythm and provides a new perspective for the time-targeted action of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Xin
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China; National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Fangjie Bi
- Heart Center, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Yujia Xu
- Department of Echocardiography, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Shufei Liang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Tianqi Cai
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Xiaoxue Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Ling Dong
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Tianxing Li
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China; Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xueke Wang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China; The Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yini Fang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China; Basic Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053 China
| | - Zhengbao Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China
| | - Xinhua Song
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China.
| | - Yanfei Zheng
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Wenlong Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong 255000, China.
| | - Lingru Li
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China.
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Chen S, Liu Q, Yan J. The influence of shift work: A bibliometric analysis of research progress and frontiers on health effects. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:577-586. [PMID: 38588406 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2337885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Shift work has been found to disrupt the circadian system, leading to negative health effects. The objective of this study was to assess the progress and frontiers in research on the health-related influence of shift work. The study analyzed 3,696 data points from Web of Science, using the bibliometric software CiteSpace to visualize and analyze the field. The results showed a steady increase in annual publications, particularly in the last 5 years, with a rapid increase in publications from China. The United States contributed the most to the number of publications and worldwide collaborations. The most prolific institution and author were the Brigham and Women's Hospital and Professor Bjorn Bjorvatn, respectively. The Journal of Chronobiology International ranked at the top and focused primarily on shift worker research. In the first decade of study, the primary focus was on the associations between shift work and cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. Over time, research on the health effects of shift work has expanded to include cancer and mental health, with subsequent studies investigating molecular mechanisms. This study provides a comprehensive and intuitive analysis of the negative health impacts of shift work. It highlights existing research hotspots and provides a roadmap for future studies. Further research is needed to explore the adverse health consequences and related mechanisms of shift work exposure, as well as interventions to mitigate its health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shibo Chen
- Department of Blood Purification Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- Department of Blood Purification Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianjun Yan
- Department of Blood Purification Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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10
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Abstract
The timing of life on Earth is remarkable: between individuals of the same species, a highly similar temporal pattern is observed, with shared periods of activity and inactivity each day. At the individual level, this means that over the course of a single day, a person alternates between two states. They are either upright, active, and communicative or they lie down in a state of (un)consciousness called sleep where even the characteristic of neuronal signals in the brain shows distinctive properties. The circadian clock governs both of these time stamps-activity and (apparent) inactivity-making them come and go consistently at the same approximate time each day. This behavior thus represents the meeting of two pervasive systems: the circadian clock and metabolism. In this article, we will describe what is known about how the circadian clock anticipates daily changes in oxygen usage, how circadian clock regulation may relate to normal physiology, and to hypoxia and ischemia that can result from pathologies such as myocardial infarction and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sartor
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Germany (F.S., B.F.-B., M.M.)
| | - Borja Ferrero-Bordera
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Germany (F.S., B.F.-B., M.M.)
| | - Jeffrey Haspel
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (J.H.)
| | - Markus Sperandio
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine, and the Biomedical Center (BMC), Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Germany (M.S.)
| | - Paul M Holloway
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (P.M.H.)
| | - Martha Merrow
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Germany (F.S., B.F.-B., M.M.)
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11
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Khosravipour M, Gharagozlou F, Kakavandi MG, Nadri F, Barzegar A, Emami K, Athar HV. Association of prolonged occupational co-exposures to electromagnetic fields, noise, and rotating shift work with thyroid hormone levels. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115837. [PMID: 38104436 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the association of prolonged occupational co-exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs), noise, and rotating shift work with the levels of thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). From 2016 to 2017, we enrolled all male workers without a history of thyroid disorders and followed them until 2020. To measure ELF-EMFs and noise exposures, we calculated the 8-hour equivalent sound pressure levels (Leq) and the 8-hour average of ELF-EMFs, respectively. Shift work schedules involved 8-hr fixed day and 8-hr clockwise 3-rotating night schedules. The participant's thyroid hormone levels were obtained from blood test results in their medical records. The percentage change in the levels of T3, T4, and TSH was estimated by using different mixed-effects linear regression models. The TSH levels were significantly elevated per a 10-dB increment of noise. The levels of T4 hormone were significantly changed per a unit increase in the levels of ELF-EMFs. Compared to the fixed-day workers, we observed workers exposed to shift work had a significantly lower T4 level. For T4 and TSH hormones, we found significant interactions among noise, ELF-EMFs, and shift work variables. In summary, this study warranted that prolonged exposure to ELF-EMFs, noise, and rotating shift work might be associated with thyroid dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Khosravipour
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran.
| | - Faramarz Gharagozlou
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Research center for environmental determinant of health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Ghanbari Kakavandi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Research center for environmental determinant of health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farshad Nadri
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Research center for environmental determinant of health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Akbar Barzegar
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Research center for environmental determinant of health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Khosro Emami
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hossein Valadi Athar
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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12
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Dobrowolska-Zrałka K, Kujawa K, Regulska-Ilow B. Association of the Length of Service of 24/48 Firefighters with the Quality of Their Diet and Selected Anthropometric Parameters. Nutrients 2023; 15:4029. [PMID: 37764812 PMCID: PMC10536748 DOI: 10.3390/nu15184029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to examine the association of lengths of service (LS) ≤ 10 years and >10 years in 24/48 shifts with the quality of the observed diet based on the Nutrient Rich Food Index (NRF9.3) and selected anthropometric parameters of 130 firefighters of the State Fire Service (SFS) in Wroclaw, Poland. The study also analysed the individual components of the men's diets required to calculate the NRF9.3 index in both seniority groups. Men with LS > 10 years had statistically significant higher body weight (89.00 kg vs. 81.59 kg), body-fat level (22.80 kg vs. 17.95 kg), waist circumference (96.50 cm vs. 89.00 cm), body-fat percentage (21.94 ± 4.06% vs. 25.00 ± 5.45%), body mass index (BMI) (28.10 kg/m2 vs. 25.40 kg/m2) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) (0.84 0.92 vs. 0.84), compared to the LF ≤ 10 years group. In contrast, the quality of the men's dietary adherence, based on the calculated NRF9.3 index, did not differ between the study groups, and was 662.50 ± 103.1 and 664.78 for the LS ≤ 10 years and LS > 10 years groups, respectively. Based on a statistical analysis using the NRF9.3 diet quality index by tertile (NRF9.3-C), a leading and statistically significant association of LS > 10 years vs. ≤10 years was observed as to most of the anthropometric parameters studied. In contrast, the association of participants' diet quality, as assessed by the NRF9.3 index value, was insignificant for all anthropometric parameters studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Dobrowolska-Zrałka
- Department of Dietetics and Bromatology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Kujawa
- Statistical Analysis Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. K. Marcinkowskiego 2-6, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Bożena Regulska-Ilow
- Department of Dietetics and Bromatology, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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13
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Khosravipour M, Ghanbari Kakavandi M, Gharagozlou F, Nadri F, Barzegar A, Emami K, Valadi Athar H. Independent, modified, and interacting effects of long-term noise, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields, and shift work exposures on liver enzymes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 333:122036. [PMID: 37321317 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To quantify long-term independent, modified, and interacting effects of noise, extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs), and shift work exposures on liver enzymes, a four-year repeated measures study was performed among male workers in a thermal power plant industry from 2016 to 2020. The 8-h equivalent sound pressure levels (Leq) were measured at weighting channels of Z, A, and C for octave-band frequencies. The 8-h time-weighted average of ELF-EMFs levels was measured for each participant. Shift work schedule was determined based on job titles, including 3-rotating night shift work and fixed day shift work schedules. The fasting blood samples were taken to determine liver enzymes (AST, Aspartate transaminase; ALT, Alanine transaminase). The percentage change (PC) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of AST and ALT enzymes were estimated by the different bootstrapped-mixed-effects linear regression models. Per 10-dB noise increase, we found a significantly higher PC (95% CI) of AST and ALT (only LAeq) levels in all regression models with the highest changes for LAeq. For the octave-band noise analysis, there was an upward trend from 31.5 Hz to 1 kHz frequencies and a downward trend from 1 to 8 kHz frequencies. Per 1 mG ELF-EMFs increase, we observed a significantly higher PC (95% CI) of AST and ALT enzymes in the main adjusted and the main adjusted + shift work models. The 3-rotating night than fixed day shift workers had a significant PC in the unadjusted model for AST enzyme and the fully adjusted and the main adjusted + ELF-EMFs models for ALT enzyme. Significant negative two-way or/and three-way interaction effects among the noise, ELF-EMFs, and shift work were observed for both AST and ALT enzymes. Our findings indicated long-term noise, ELF-EMFs, and 3-rotating night shift work exposures may be significantly associated with changes in the levels of liver enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Khosravipour
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoud Ghanbari Kakavandi
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Research center for Environmental Determinant of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Faramarz Gharagozlou
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Research center for Environmental Determinant of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farshad Nadri
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Research center for Environmental Determinant of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Akbar Barzegar
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Research center for Environmental Determinant of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Khosro Emami
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hossein Valadi Athar
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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14
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Adi NP, Nagata T, Mori K, Kubo T, Fujimoto K, Ohtani M, Odagami K, Nagata M, Kajiki S, Fujino Y, Matsuda S. Seeking Treatment Profile of Male Shift Workers With Hypertension and Diabetes. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:783-788. [PMID: 37311081 PMCID: PMC10487365 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was identified seeking treatment for hypertension and diabetes among male shift workers. METHOD This retrospective cohort study included nine large companies in Japan. Data were collected from health checkup, health insurance records, and self-administered questionnaires in 2017 and 2020. Data were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression. RESULT Person-days shift workers and day workers seeking treatment for hypertension were 41,604 and 327,301, respectively and, for diabetes, were 7326 and 60,735, respectively. The log ranks were statistically significant. Shift workers were 46% and 56% less likely to seek treatment for hypertension and diabetes, respectively, than day workers were after adjustment for age, marital status, education level, and intention to modify lifestyle (model 2) ( P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Male shift workers are less likely to seek treatment for hypertension and diabetes compared with day workers.
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15
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Kang D, Lee ES, Kim TK, Kim YJ, Lee S, Lee W, Sim H, Kim SY. Association with Combined Occupational Hazards Exposure and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: A Workers' Health Examination Cohort 2012-2021. Saf Health Work 2023; 14:279-286. [PMID: 37822462 PMCID: PMC10562170 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the association between exposure to occupational hazards and the metabolic syndrome. A secondary objective was to analyze the additive and multiplicative effects of exposure to risk factors. Methods This retrospective cohort was based on 31,615 health examinees at the Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital in Republic of Korea from 2012-2021. Demographic and behavior-related risk factors were treated as confounding factors, whereas three physical factors, 19 organic solvents and aerosols, and 13 metals and dust were considered occupational risk factors. Time-dependent Cox regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios. Results The risk of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in night shift workers (hazard ratio = 1.45: 95% confidence interval = 1.36-1.54) and workers who were exposed to noise (1.15:1.07-1.24). Exposure to some other risk factors was also significantly associated with a higher risk of metabolic syndrome. They were dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, trichloroethylene, xylene, styrene, toluene, dichloromethane, copper, antimony, lead, copper, iron, welding fume, and manganese. Among the 28 significant pairs, 19 exhibited both positive additive and multiplicative effects. Conclusions Exposure to single or combined occupational risk factors may increase the risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Working conditions should be monitored and improved to reduce exposure to occupational hazards and prevent the development of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmug Kang
- Department of Preventive, and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Soo Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyoung Kim
- Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Ji Kim
- Department of Preventive, and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungho Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojoo Lee
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunman Sim
- Department of Public Health Science, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Yeong Kim
- Department of Preventive, and Occupational & Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Republic of Korea
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16
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Clark AB, Coates AM, Choi T, Meadley B, Bowles KA, Bonham MP. The Effect of Commencing Rotating Shift Work on Diet and Body Composition Changes in Graduate Paramedics: A Longitudinal Mixed Methods Study. PREHOSP EMERG CARE 2023; 28:609-619. [PMID: 37594851 DOI: 10.1080/10903127.2023.2249532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Diet quality often changes as shift workers adjust to atypical work schedules, however, limited research exists examining the early effects of starting rotating shift work on diet and body composition. This study explored dietary behavior changes occurring in graduate paramedics during the first year of exposure to rotating shift work, and investigated dietary intake, diet quality and anthropometric changes over two years. Methods: Participants from a graduate paramedic cohort in Melbourne, Australia were approached after two years of shift work for study inclusion. Using a mixed method study approach, the qualitative component comprised individual in-depth interviews to explore perceived dietary behavior changes experienced over the first year of shift work. Interview transcripts were thematically analyzed and guided by the COM-B model (capability, opportunity, motivation, and behavior) and theoretical domains framework (TDF). Diet quality and dietary intake were quantitatively assessed by the Australian Eating SurveyTM at baseline, one year, and two years, along with body weight, waist circumference, and body mass index (BMI) to monitor changes. Results: Eighteen participants were included in the study. From the interviews, participants reported: 1. food choices are driven by wanting to fit in with coworker food habits, 2. food choices and mealtimes are unpredictable and 3. paramedics try to make healthy food choices but give in to less healthy options. While daily energy intake and diet quality scores did not differ in the first two years of shift work, daily energy from takeaway foods significantly increased (mean difference (MD): 2.96% EI; 95% CI: 0.44 - 5.48; p = 0.017) and increases in weight (MD: 2.96 kg; 95% CI: 0.89-5.04; p = 0.003), BMI (MD: 1.07 kg/m2; 95% CI: 0.26 - 1.87; p = 0.006) and waist circumference (MD: 5.07 cm; 95% CI: 1.25-8.89; p = 0.006) were also evident at two years. Conclusions: This study contributes new information on dietary changes and the current early trajectory of unintentional weight gain and takeaway reliance occurring within a graduate paramedic cohort over two years of shift work. To reduce the unintended metabolic consequences commonly observed with rotating shift schedules, workplaces could improve access to healthier food options and enable behavioral support/education to address nutrition-related health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela B Clark
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alison M Coates
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Tammie Choi
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ben Meadley
- Department of Paramedicine, Monash University, Frankston, Australia
- Ambulance Victoria, Doncaster, Australia
- Paramedic Health and Wellbeing Research Unit, Monash University, Frankston, Australia
| | - Kelly-Ann Bowles
- Department of Paramedicine, Monash University, Frankston, Australia
- Paramedic Health and Wellbeing Research Unit, Monash University, Frankston, Australia
| | - Maxine P Bonham
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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17
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Yoshizaki T, Komatsu T, Tada Y, Togo F. Association of breakfast skipping with habitual dietary intake and BMI in female rotating shift workers. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1634-1643. [PMID: 37078522 PMCID: PMC10410402 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023000794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Higher BMI, lower quality of diet and a higher percentage of breakfast-skippers have been reported among rotating shift (RS) workers compared with day shift (DS) workers. As such, this study examined the association between breakfast skipping, habitual food consumption and BMI in RS workers. DESIGN Japanese nurses were studied using a self-administered questionnaire that assessed the height, weight, breakfast consumption habits, dietary consumption, physical activity, sleep habits, chronotype and demographic characteristics of the participants. SETTING A cross-sectional study was conducted in a population of nurses in Japan. Dietary and health-related questionnaires were mailed to 5536 nurses aged 20-59 years, working at 346 institutions. PARTICIPANTS A total of 3646 nurses at 274 institutions responded to the questionnaire. After removing those who met the exclusion criteria, 2450 participants were included in the statistical analysis. RESULTS The RS breakfast-skippers had lower total energy intake, diet quality and higher BMI than DS workers, whereas the RS breakfast-consumers had a higher total energy intake and BMI than the DS workers. In the RS workers, breakfast skipping on the days of DS and the end days of evening/night shift was associated with a poorer diet quality. Additionally, breakfast skipping on the days of DS was positively associated with BMI, independent of the total energy intake and diet quality. CONCLUSIONS Breakfast skipping on workdays may contribute to a difference in dietary intake and BMI between RS workers and DS workers and may increase BMI in RS workers, independent of dietary intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yoshizaki
- Department of Food and Life Sciences, Faculty of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Toyo University, Tokyo112-0001, Japan
| | - Taiki Komatsu
- Department of Competitive Sports, College of Sports Sciences, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Tada
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Applied Biosciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiharu Togo
- Educational Physiology Laboratory, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Hohor S, Mandanach C, Maftei A, Zugravu CA, Oțelea MR. Impaired Melatonin Secretion, Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Syndrome in Night Shift Work. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040959. [PMID: 37107334 PMCID: PMC10135726 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome has been associated in many studies with working in shifts. Even if the mechanistic details are not fully understood, forced sleep deprivation and exposure to light, as happens during night shifts, or irregular schedules with late or very early onset of the working program, lead to a sleep-wake rhythm misalignment, metabolic dysregulation and oxidative stress. The cyclic melatonin secretion is regulated by the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei and light exposure. At a central level, melatonin promotes sleep and inhibits wake-signals. Beside this role, melatonin acts as an antioxidant and influences the functionality of the cardiovascular system and of different metabolic processes. This review presents data about the influence of night shifts on melatonin secretion and oxidative stress. Assembling data from epidemiological, experimental and clinical studies contributes to a better understanding of the pathological links between chronodisruption and the metabolic syndrome related to working in shifts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorina Hohor
- Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Sector 2, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cristina Mandanach
- Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Sector 2, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Maftei
- Doctoral School, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Sector 2, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
- "Dr. Carol Davila" Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 134 Calea Plevnei, Sector 1, 010242 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina Aurelia Zugravu
- Department of Hygiene and Ecology, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Sector 2, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marina Ruxandra Oțelea
- Clinical Department 5, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, Sector 2, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
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19
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Grosjean E, Simonneaux V, Challet E. Reciprocal Interactions between Circadian Clocks, Food Intake, and Energy Metabolism. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040539. [PMID: 37106739 PMCID: PMC10136292 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Like other biological functions, food intake and energy metabolism display daily rhythms controlled by the circadian timing system that comprises a main circadian clock and numerous secondary clocks in the brain and peripheral tissues. Each secondary circadian clock delivers local temporal cues based on intracellular transcriptional and translational feedback loops that are tightly interconnected to intracellular nutrient-sensing pathways. Genetic impairment of molecular clocks and alteration in the rhythmic synchronizing cues, such as ambient light at night or mistimed meals, lead to circadian disruption that, in turn, negatively impacts metabolic health. Not all circadian clocks are sensitive to the same synchronizing signals. The master clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus is mostly synchronized by ambient light and, to a lesser extent, by behavioral cues coupled to arousal and exercise. Secondary clocks are generally phase-shifted by timed metabolic cues associated with feeding, exercise, and changes in temperature. Furthermore, both the master and secondary clocks are modulated by calorie restriction and high-fat feeding. Taking into account the regularity of daily meals, the duration of eating periods, chronotype, and sex, chrononutritional strategies may be useful for improving the robustness of daily rhythmicity and maintaining or even restoring the appropriate energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Grosjean
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR3212, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Valérie Simonneaux
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR3212, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Etienne Challet
- Institute of Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences, CNRS UPR3212, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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20
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Nagata C, Wada K, Yamakawa M, Nakashima Y, Hayashi M, Takeda N, Yasuda K. Sleep-related factors and circulating levels of sex hormones in premenopausal Japanese women. Endocr J 2023; 70:267-273. [PMID: 36384969 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej22-0337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep disruption and circadian disruption have been proposed to be risk factors of breast cancer. The present study examined the associations of sleep-related factors, referring to night shift work, sleep habits, and sleep disturbances, with the plasma levels of sex hormones in premenopausal Japanese women. Study participants were 432 women who had regular menstrual cycles less than 40 days long. Information on their history of night shift work and sleep disturbances was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. Information on their sleep habits, such as usual wake-up times, bedtimes, and ambient light level while sleeping, was obtained in an interview. The participants' height and weight were measured. Plasma concentrations of estradiol, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), FSH, and LH were also measured. After controlling for the phase of the menstrual cycle and other covariates, more years of night shift work ≥ once a week during the past 10 years was significantly associated with a lower SHBG and a higher free estradiol level. Shorter sleep duration was significantly associated with the higher total, bioavailable, and free testosterone levels. Sleep disturbance by awaking after sleep onset was significantly associated with a high free estradiol level. The data suggest that long-term night shift work, short sleep duration, and arousal during sleep are associated with higher estradiol or testosterone levels in premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Nagata
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Keiko Wada
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Michiyo Yamakawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yuma Nakashima
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Makoto Hayashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Matsunami General Hospital, Gifu 501-6062, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Takeda
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Murakami Memorial Hospital, Asahi University, Gifu 500-8523, Japan
| | - Keigo Yasuda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Matsunami General Hospital, Gifu 501-6062, Japan
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21
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Ye BJ. Association between Shift Work and Metabolic Syndrome: A 4-Year Retrospective Cohort Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11060802. [PMID: 36981459 PMCID: PMC10048347 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Previous studies on the association between shift work and metabolic syndrome have had inconsistent results. This may be due to the cross-sectional study design and non-objective data used in those studies. Hence, this study aimed to identify risk factors for Metabolic syndrome using objective information provided by the relevant companies and longitudinal data provided in health examinations. (2) Methods: In total, 1211 male workers of three manufacturing companies, including shift workers, were surveyed annually for 4 years. Data on age, smoking, drinking, physical activity, length of shift work, type of shift, past history, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood sugar, triglyceride, and high-density cholesterol (HDL) were collected and analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEE) to identify the risk factors for Metabolic syndrome. (3) Results: In the multivariate analysis of Metabolic syndrome risk factors, age (OR = 1.078, 95% CI: 1.045–1.112), current smoking (OR = 1.428, 95% CI: 1.815–5.325), and BMI (OR = 1.498, 95% CI: 1.338–1.676) were statistically significant for day workers (n= 510). Additionally, for shift workers (N = 701), age (OR = 1.064, 95% CI: 1.008–1.174), current smoking (OR = 2.092, 95% CI: 1.854–8.439), BMI (OR = 1.471, 95% CI: 1.253–1.727) and length of shift work (OR = 1.115, 95% CI: 1.010-1.320) were statistically significant. Shift work was associated with a higher risk of Metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.093, 95% CI: 1.137–2.233) compared to day workers. For shift workers, shift work for more than 20 years was associated with Metabolic syndrome (OR = 2.080, 95% CI: 1.911–9.103), but the dose–response relationship was not statistically significant. (4) Conclusions: This study revealed that age, current smoking, BMI, and shift work are potential risk factors for Metabolic syndrome. In particular, the length of shift work (>20 years) is a potential risk factor for Metabolic syndrome in shift workers. To prevent metabolic syndrome in shift workers, health managers need to actively accommodate shift workers (especially those who have worked for more than 20 years), current smokers, and obese people. A long-term cohort study based on objective data is needed to identify the chronic health impact and the risk factors of shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Jin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine & Institute of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
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22
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Ansu Baidoo V, Knutson KL. Associations between circadian disruption and cardiometabolic disease risk: A review. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:615-624. [PMID: 36750239 PMCID: PMC9974590 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The human circadian system plays a vital role in many physiological processes, and circadian rhythms are found in virtually all tissues and organs. The disruption of circadian rhythms may lead to adverse health outcomes. Evidence from recent population-based studies was reviewed because they represent real-world behavior and can be useful in developing future studies to reduce the risk of adverse health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and diabetes mellitus, which may occur because of circadian disruption. An electronic search in PubMed and Web of Science (2012-2022) was performed. Selected articles were based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Five factors that may disrupt circadian rhythm alignment are discussed: shift work, late chronotype, late sleep timing, sleep irregularity, and late meal timing. Evidence from observational studies of these circadian disruptors suggests potential detrimental effects on cardiometabolic health, including higher BMI/obesity, higher blood pressure, greater dyslipidemia, greater inflammation, and diabetes. Future research should identify the specific underlying pathways in order to mitigate the health consequences of shift work. Furthermore, optimal sleep and mealtimes for metabolic health can be explored in intervention studies. Lastly, it is important that the timing of external environmental cues (such as light) and behaviors that influence circadian rhythms are managed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velarie Ansu Baidoo
- Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kristen L Knutson
- Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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23
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Mentzelou M, Papadopoulou SK, Papandreou D, Spanoudaki M, Dakanalis A, Vasios GK, Voulgaridou G, Pavlidou E, Mantzorou M, Giaginis C. Evaluating the Relationship between Circadian Rhythms and Sleep, Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disorders: Current Clinical Evidence in Human Studies. Metabolites 2023; 13:370. [PMID: 36984810 PMCID: PMC10057970 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are generated by the circadian clock, a self-sustained internal timing system that exhibits 24-h rhythms in the body. Many metabolic, cellular, behavioral and physiological processes are regulated by the circadian clock in coordination with environmental cues. The present study is a comprehensive review of the currently existing evidence concerning the relationship between circadian rhythms and sleep, metabolic, and cardiovascular disorders. We thoroughly searched the online databases PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find the existing clinical studies from the last twenty-three years (2000-2023). Circadian misalignment was found to be associated with an increase in the risk of metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and obesity, as well as inadequate sleep quality. In this review article, all the included studies had a strength protocol design and all of them were conducted on humans. However, the most common limitations of them were the small sample size and the short time of the intervention. In conclusion, managing the factors that disrupt the optimal function of central and peripheral clocks can help to reduce the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, improving also sleep quality. Future studies should further explore the underlying mechanisms of the interconnections between circadian clocks and sleep, metabolic, and cardiovascular disorders. This may provide new opportunities for advance chronotherapy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Sousana K. Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Papandreou
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 144534, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maria Spanoudaki
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Clinical Dietetics & Nutrition Department of 424 General Military Hospital, New Efkarpia Ring Road, 56429 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonios Dakanalis
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Via Cadore 38, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Georgios K. Vasios
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Gavriela Voulgaridou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Pavlidou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Maria Mantzorou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Myrina, Lemnos, Greece
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24
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Ma X, Chen X, Duan Z, Wu Y, Shu J, Wu P, Zhao Y, Wang X, Wang Y. Circadian rhythm disruption exacerbates the progression of macrophage dysfunction and alveolar bone loss in periodontitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109796. [PMID: 36731157 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are highly implicated in the progression of periodontitis, while circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) promotes the inflammatory response of macrophages in many diseases. However, the effects of CRD on periodontitis and the role of macrophages in this process remain unclear. Histone lysinedemethylase6a (Kdm6a), a histone demethylase, has recently been identified as a key regulator of macrophage-induced inflammation. Here, we established an experimental periodontitis model by injecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis with or without periodontal ligation in mice exposed to an 8-h time shift jet-lag schedule every 3 days. By histomorphometry, tartrate acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, RT-qPCR, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis, we found that CRD promoted the inflammatory response, alveolar bone resorption, macrophage infiltration and Kdm6a expression in macrophages. Macrophage-specific Kdm6a knockout mice were further used to elucidate the effects of Kdm6a deficiency on periodontitis. Kdm6a deletion in macrophages rescued periodontal tissue inflammation, osteoclastogenesis, and alveolar bone loss in a mouse model of periodontitis. These findings suggest that CRD may intensify periodontitis by increasing the infiltration and activation of macrophages. Kdm6a promotes the inflammatory response in macrophages, which may participate in aggravated periodontitis via CRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Ma
- Department of Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghua Duan
- Department of Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yuqiong Wu
- Department of Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Jiaen Shu
- Department of Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Department of Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yiguo Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Department of Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 200011, China.
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25
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Lee HE, Kawachi I. Impact of Reduced Working Hours and Night Work Hours on Metabolic Syndrome: A Quasi-Experimental Study. Saf Health Work 2023; 14:59-65. [PMID: 36941937 PMCID: PMC10024172 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Epidemiological evidence linking long working hours and shift work to metabolic syndrome remains inadequate. We sought to evaluate the impact of reducing working hours on metabolic syndrome. Methods We compared the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among male manual workers in a manufacturing company (N = 371) before and after the introduction of policy to reduce daily work hours from 10 to 8 hours. Components of metabolic syndrome were measured in periodic health examinations before the intervention, 6-9 months after, and 1.5-2 years after the intervention. Generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate changes in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Analyses were stratified by day work versus shift work. Results The results showed a significantly decreased prevalence of metabolic syndrome 6-9 months following the intervention in day workers (risk ratio = 0.68, 95% confidence interval 0.52-0.88), but the benefit disappeared after 1.5-2 years. Shift workers showed a decreased prevalence of metabolic syndrome for the whole follow-up duration after the intervention, although the change was not statistically significant. Conclusion Reducing working hours was associated with short-term improvement in metabolic syndrome in male manual workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Eun Lee
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Social Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
- Korea Institute of Labor Safety and Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. Hallym University College of Medicine, 1, Hallymdaehak-gil 3303-3, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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26
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Haseli A, Egdampur F, Qaderi K, Kaffashian MR, Delpisheh A. Nurses and midwives' sleep quality and its associated factors during the early COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15068. [PMID: 37038374 PMCID: PMC10065052 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Good sleep quality is crucial for medical staff especially nurses and midwives to prevent possible errors and injuries during the providing care. The aim here is to investigate the sleep quality of nurses and midwives during the early corona pandemic and its related factors. Methods An online observational and cross-sectional study included 340 medical staff who engaged in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 infection in 2020. Participants completed questionnaires about working characteristics, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Social Support Indexes (SSI). Pearson's correlation analysis and Multivariate logistic regression identified the interactions between these factors. Results The mean PSQI and SSI were 8.4 ± 4.46 and 28.6 ± 13.29, respectively, indicating poor sleep quality and moderate social support. The condition of the participants was serious in terms of sleep efficiency, and sleep disturbance. More than half of the participants reported severe and very serious daytime dysfunction. Poor sleep quality was more common, in nurses than in midwives (OR:0.074, CI; 0.032-0.098, P < 0.001), nurses working in intensive care units than in other wards (OR:1.082, CI; 1.003-4.023, P = 0.005), in people who had long shifts (OR:1.757, CI; 1.123-4.323, P = 0.003), and in people working more than 5 years (OR:4.949, CI; 1.673-6.023, P = 0.028). Social support has a statistically significant relationship with the quality of sleep (OR:0.013, CI; 0.001-0.244, P = 0.004). Conclusion The sleep quality of the medical staff has been impaired during the epidemic period, especially among nurses. Targeting staff who are more prone to sleep disturbance, such as nurses with longer work experience, helps us design an optimal strategy to support them through sleep hygiene education.
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27
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Schönke M, Ying Z, Kovynev A, In Het Panhuis W, Binnendijk A, van der Poel S, Pronk ACM, Streefland TCM, Hoekstra M, Kooijman S, Rensen PCN. Time to run: Late rather than early exercise training in mice remodels the gut microbiome and reduces atherosclerosis development. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22719. [PMID: 36562708 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201304r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic and inflammatory processes that are implicated in the development of cardiovascular diseases are under control of the biological clock. While skeletal muscle function exhibits circadian rhythms, it is unclear to what extent the beneficial health effects of exercise are restricted to unique time windows. We aimed to study whether the timing of exercise training differentially modulates the development of atherosclerosis and elucidate underlying mechanisms. We endurance-trained atherosclerosis-prone female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice fed a Western-type diet, a well-established human-like model for cardiometabolic diseases, for 1 h five times a week for 4 weeks either in their early or in their late active phase on a treadmill. We monitored metabolic parameters, the development of atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic root and assessed the composition of the gut microbiota. Late, but not early, exercise training reduced fat mass by 19% and the size of early-stage atherosclerotic lesions by as much as 29% compared to sedentary animals. No correlation between cholesterol exposure and lesion size was evident, as no differences in plasma lipid levels were observed, but circulating levels of the pro-inflammatory markers ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were reduced with late exercise. Strikingly, we observed a time-of-day-dependent effect of exercise training on the composition of the gut microbiota as only late training increased the abundance of gut bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids with proposed anti-inflammatory properties. Together, these findings indicate that timing is a critical factor to the beneficial anti-atherosclerotic effects of exercise with a great potential to further optimize training recommendations for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Schönke
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Zhixiong Ying
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Artemiy Kovynev
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wietse In Het Panhuis
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Binnendijk
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine van der Poel
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda C M Pronk
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Trea C M Streefland
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Menno Hoekstra
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Department of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Kooijman
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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28
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Shift work and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease incidence among Chinese rail workers: a 4-year longitudinal cohort study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:179-190. [PMID: 35989361 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01913-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Occupational harmful factors, such as shift work, are attracting increasing attention as a potential cause of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we aimed to identify the association between shift work and NAFLD incidence in Chinese rail population. METHODS A cohort study was conducted among 14,112 rail workers for 4-year follow-up. Shift work frequency and other potential variables were recorded by questionnaires, including demographic, lifestyle, and occupation information. Besides, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase were measured by anthropometric measurement and blood test. Diagnosis of new NAFLD case was based on abdominal ultrasonography. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to determine whether shift work has effect on occurrence of NAFLD. RESULTS The incidence of NAFLD was 30.43% in total subjects. After adjustment for possible confounders, the RRs of NAFLD were 1.069 (95% CI 0.998-1.146) and 1.179 (95% CI 1.059-1.312) in occasionally shift work group and frequently shift work group respectively, compared to the seldom shift work group. In stratified analyses, the RRs of NAFLD incidence linked to shift work exposure seems increase among female and elder. The results of three sensitivity analyses were similar with main analysis. CONCLUSIONS This research provided further evidence of positive harmful effect of shift work on NAFLD incidence in Chinese rail workers, particularly in frequently shift work population. The risk estimate of shift work on NAFLD was higher in female and elder.
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29
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Boini S, Bourgkard E, Ferrières J, Esquirol Y. What do we know about the effect of night-shift work on cardiovascular risk factors? An umbrella review. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1034195. [PMID: 36504944 PMCID: PMC9727235 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1034195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the existing evidence on the effect of night-shift work and its subtypes (permanent and rotating) on cardiovascular risk factors: diabetes, lipid disorders, being overweight, hypertension, smoking habits, sedentariness, and occupational psychosocial stressors. Method A Web of Sciences and Cochrane review library search was conducted to identify systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis dealing with the quantification of the link between night-shift work and the studied cardiovascular risk factors in working populations. We used the AMSTAR 2 to evaluate the quality of each review. The main results of the included systematic reviews were compiled in a summary structured around the different cardiovascular risk factors. Results After selection, 33 systematic reviews were included: nine for diabetes, four for lipid disorders, nine for being overweight, four for hypertension, two for smoking habits, three for occupational psychosocial stressors and two for sedentariness. The results confirmed an excess risk of diabetes of about 10% regardless of the type of night work. A stated excess risk of being overweight at around 25% was also highlighted for shift workers overall, which could reach 38% among night-shift workers. An increased risk of obesity, estimated at 5% for night-shift workers and at 18% for rotating shift workers, was observed. An excess risk of hypertension was estimated at around 30% when considering the broad definition of shift work and when night periods were included in rotating shifts. The literature provided inconsistent results for the link between lipid disorders and night-shift work. Shift workers appeared to be more likely to smoke. The link between shift work and occupational psychosocial stressors was scarcely explored in the available studies. Sedentariness was scarcely considered in systematic reviews, which prevents any firm conclusions. Conclusion The consequences of night work in terms of diabetes, being overweight/obesity and hypertension are established. Monitoring of these cardiovascular risk factors for these night-shift workers could be implemented by practitioners. In contrast, the links with lipid disorders, sedentariness, smoking habits, and occupational psychosocial stressors warrant further investigation. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021275212, PROSPERO (ID CRD42021275212).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Boini
- Department of Occupational Epidemiology, French Research and Safety Institute for the Prevention of Occupational Accidents and Diseases (INRS), Vandœuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Eve Bourgkard
- Department of Occupational Epidemiology, French Research and Safety Institute for the Prevention of Occupational Accidents and Diseases (INRS), Vandœuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Jean Ferrières
- UMR1295, Paul Sabatier III University – INSERM CERPOP: Centre for Epidemiology and Research in POPulation Health, Toulouse, France,Department of Cardiology, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Yolande Esquirol
- UMR1295, Paul Sabatier III University – INSERM CERPOP: Centre for Epidemiology and Research in POPulation Health, Toulouse, France,Occupational Health Department, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France,*Correspondence: Yolande Esquirol
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30
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Bouman EJ, Beulens JWJ, Groeneveld L, de Kruijk RS, Schoonmade LJ, Remmelzwaal S, Elders PJM, Rutters F. The association between social jetlag and parameters of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. J Sleep Res 2022; 32:e13770. [PMID: 36351658 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the association between social jetlag and parameters of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed/Embase/Scopus until May 2022. Included studies described an association between social jetlag and parameters of the metabolic syndrome and/or T2D, were available full text and written in English or Dutch. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed on pre-piloted forms independently by two reviewers. Results were meta-analysed using random-effects analysis. A total of 6,290 titles/abstracts were screened, 176 papers were read full-text, 68 studies were included. Three studies were rated as low quality, 27 were moderate, and 38 were high quality. High quality studies showed that having social jetlag compared to no social jetlag was significantly associated with higher body mass index in 20 studies (0.49 kg/m2 , 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21-0.77; I2 = 100%), higher waist circumference in seven studies (1.11 cm, 95% CI 0.42-1.80; I2 = 25%), higher systolic blood pressure in 10 studies (0.37 mmHg, 95% CI 0.00-0.74; I2 = 94%) and higher glycated haemoglobin in 12 studies (0.42%, 95% CI 0.12- 0.72; I2 = 100%). No statistically significant associations were found for obesity, abdominal obesity, high- and low-density lipoprotein levels, cholesterol, triglycerides, diastolic blood pressure, hypertension, fasting glucose, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome or T2D. Sensitivity analyses did not reduce heterogeneity. Despite substantial heterogeneity, social jetlag is associated with certain parameters of the metabolic syndrome and T2D, but not with prevalent metabolic syndrome or T2D. These findings should be interpreted with caution as the level of evidence is low and mostly based on cross-sectional data. Longitudinal studies are needed to further assess the direction of causality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma J. Bouman
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Joline W. J. Beulens
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care University Medical Centre Utrecht Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Lenka Groeneveld
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Rozemarijn S. de Kruijk
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | | | - Sharon Remmelzwaal
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Petra J. M. Elders
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, General Practice Amsterdam Netherlands
| | - Femke Rutters
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology and Data Science Amsterdam Netherlands
- Amsterdam Public Health Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases Amsterdam The Netherlands
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Sooriyaarachchi P, Jayawardena R, Pavey T, King NA. Shift work and the risk for metabolic syndrome among healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13489. [PMID: 35734805 PMCID: PMC9539605 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Shift work, defined as work occurring outside typical daytime working hours, is associated with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome (MetS) due to several biological and environmental changes. The MetS refers to the clustering of several known cardiovascular risk factors, including insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. This systematic review aims to evaluate the literature on the association between shift work and the risk of MetS in employees of the health sector. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases using appropriate keywords for studies published before September 1, 2021. Eligible studies were those that compared the prevalence of MetS between day and shift healthcare workers; had a cross-sectional, case-control, or cohort study design; provided sufficient data for calculating odds ratios or relative risks with 95% confidence intervals; and articles in English. The Joanna Briggs Institute prevalence critical appraisal tool was used for quality analysis. Risk for MetS and related measures of effect size were retrieved from studies for meta-analysis. Twelve studies met the criteria for inclusion in the review and meta-analysis. Sample sizes ranged from 42 to 738, and the age range of subjects was between 18 and 65 years. Ten studies demonstrated high methodological quality, while two studies were of average quality. Ten out of 12 studies in the review demonstrated a higher risk in shift workers for developing MetS than day workers. The pooled OR of MetS in shift workers based on 12 studies was 2.17 (95% CI = 1.31-3.60, P = 0.003; I2 = 82%, P < 0.001). Shift workers exhibited more than a twofold increase in the chance of developing MetS in comparison with day workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piumika Sooriyaarachchi
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Health and Wellness Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Ranil Jayawardena
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Toby Pavey
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Neil A King
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Huang G, Xu J, Zhang Z, Cai L, Liu H, Yu X. Total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio is associated with metabolic syndrome in a very elderly Chinese population. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15212. [PMID: 36075943 PMCID: PMC9458731 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19445-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is currently a major public health challenge in young, middle aged and elderly population worldwide, but it is still not clear in very elderly population. This study was to investigate the potential association between total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (THR) and MetS in a very elderly population in Chengdu. Totally, 1056 very elderly (aged ≥ 80 years) in Chengdu community were enrolled in this study. Geographic characteristics of participants were collected and laboratory measurement was performed. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined according to the Chinese and the international diabetes federation (IDF) criteria, respectively. Logistic analysis was used to investigate the potential association between the THR and MetS. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the efficiency of THR in MetS predicting. Finally, 1038 participants were included in statistical analysis. The mean age was 83.6 ± 3.4 years and 52.6% participants were men and 21.6% suffered from MetS. Participants with MetS had relatively higher waist circumference, body weight, blood pressure, fast plasma glucose level, non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol level and THR. The logistic analysis revealed that the THR was associated with MetS according to both the Chinese (odds ratio (OR): 3.053, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.464–3.782, P < 0.001) and the IDF criteria (OR: 2.458, 95% CI 2.016–2.995, P < 0.001). ROC analysis found that the area under curve of the THR was 0.800 (95% CI 0.749–0.852, P < 0.001) and 0.727 (95% CI 0.669–0.786, P < 0.001) for predicting MetS according to the Chinese and the IDF criteria, respectively. The THR is associated with MetS in this community very elderly population in Chengdu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, No. 82, Qinglong Street, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China. .,Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. .,Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. .,The Second Affiliated Chengdu Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Junbo Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, No. 82, Qinglong Street, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China. .,Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. .,Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. .,The Second Affiliated Chengdu Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, No. 82, Qinglong Street, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,The Second Affiliated Chengdu Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, No. 82, Qinglong Street, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,The Second Affiliated Chengdu Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanxiong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, No. 82, Qinglong Street, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610031, Sichuan, China.,Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,The Second Affiliated Chengdu Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiuqiong Yu
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,The Second Affiliated Chengdu Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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CUI Y, LI S, YIN Y, LI X, LI X. Daytime restricted feeding Promotes Circadian Desynchrony and Metabolic Disruption with Changes in Bile Acids profiles and Gut Microbiota in C57BL/6 Male Mice. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 109:109121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Dong C, Zeng H, Yang B, Zhang Y, Li Z. The association between long-term night shift work and metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study of male railway workers in southwest China. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:263. [PMID: 35690716 PMCID: PMC9188692 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02705-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of new diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Night shift work (NSW) may influence metabolic disturbance and lead to MetS. This study aims to investigate the association between long-term NSW (≥ 10 years) and MetS combined with its components in male railway workers in southwest China. METHODS 11,023 male railway workers with long-term NSW of more than 10 years in the Physical Examination Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University were enrolled. The basic data were collected by investigators and blood test results were collected. The primary outcome was the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The results were analyzed using statistical software SPSS 22.0. RESULTS In total, 11,023 people over the age of 40 with more than 10 years of working experience were enrolled, and 4759 (43.2%) participants had a diagnosis of MetS. The basic data indicated that night shift workers tended to be younger, shorter working years, but with higher body mass index and longer hip circumference (p < 0.05). The adjusted analysis revealed that there was no significant association between NSW and metabolic syndrome (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.94-1.12, p = 0.543). NSW was associated with SBP ≥ 130 mmHg (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.21, p < 0.001) and waist circumference ≥ 90 cm (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.21, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Long-term night shift workers had a higher prevalence of MetS. However, long-term NSW is not associated with a significantly increased risk of metabolic syndrome in male railway workers in southwest China. Long-term NSW is associated with elevated SBP, and waist circumference increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohui Dong
- Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Sichuan Province, Jinniu District, Chengdu City, 610081, China
| | - Honglian Zeng
- Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Sichuan Province, Jinniu District, Chengdu City, 610081, China.
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Sichuan Province, Jinniu District, Chengdu City, 610081, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Sichuan Province, Jinniu District, Chengdu City, 610081, China
| | - Zhitao Li
- China Railway Chengdu Group Co., Ltd., Jinniu District, Chengdu City, 610081, Sichuan Province, China
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35
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Night shift work and depression among Chinese workers: the mediating role of sleep disturbances. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2022; 95:1905-1912. [PMID: 35678854 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01889-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is considered as a global problem. Recently, the prevalence of depression among night shift workers has been attracting people's attention. This study aims to explore the associations among night shift work, shift frequency and depression among Chinese workers and to explore whether sleep disturbances are a critical factor. METHODS The cross-sectional survey consists of 787 autoworkers from a manufacturing plant in Fuzhou, China. Information about night shift work, shift frequency, depression, and sleep disturbances were collected from work records and responses to the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). A mediation model was generated to examine relationship between night shift work, sleep disturbances, and depression. RESULTS Our results found that night shift work, shift frequency, sleep disturbances, and depression had positive and significant relationships in a sample of Chinese workers. Night shift work, shift frequency and sleep disturbances were associated with an increased risk of depression among workers (OR: 4.23, 95% CI 2.55-7.00; 3.91, 2.31-6.63; 6.91, 4.40-10.86, respectively). Subsequent mediation analysis found that the association between night shift work and depression appeared to be partially mediated by sleep disturbances. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that appropriate intervention and management strategies should be considered to alleviate the mental health burden of night shift workers.
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36
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Ogura Y, Koyama T, Ozaki E, Omichi C, Uehara R. Subjective irregular sleep is associated with metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study. Prev Med Rep 2022; 28:101844. [PMID: 35637895 PMCID: PMC9144007 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have been reported that sleep duration and circadian rhythms are associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, there are few studies of a relationship between sleep and MetS based on subjective evaluation of sleep regularity. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between subjective sleep irregularity and metabolic syndrome. This cross-sectional study included 3,880 participants (1,383 males, 2,497 females) from 2013 to 2017, and we use a self-administered questionnaire to acquire information about sleep (sleep regularity, duration and bedtime). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression analyses to evaluate the associations between sleep regularity and the prevalence of MetS. The irregularity of sleep was significantly associated with MetS (OR 1.231, 95% CI 1.101–1.375) adjusted for age, sex, METs, sleep duration, bedtime, drinking and smoking statuses, and a history of using sleeping pills. We examined the interaction of MetS with sleep regularity and sleep duration/bedtime, stratified by multiplying the two groups of sleep regularity/irregularity and the three groups of sleep duration/bedtime. Each group of sleep duration/bedtime showed no relationship in the sleep regularity group with MetS, but a significant relationship in the sleep irregularity group. Leptin was significantly elevated in the irregular sleep group regardless of sleep duration and bedtime. Although many studies have shown a link between sleep and MetS especially in terms of sleep duration, this study showed that irregular sleep is more strongly associated with MetS than sleep duration or bedtime.
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37
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Liu C, Tang X, Gong Z, Zeng W, Hou Q, Lu R. Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders: Genetics, Mechanisms, and Adverse Effects on Health. Front Genet 2022; 13:875342. [PMID: 35571019 PMCID: PMC9099045 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.875342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nearly all living organisms, from cyanobacteria to humans, have an internal circadian oscillation with a periodicity of approximately 24 h. In mammals, circadian rhythms regulate diverse physiological processes including the body temperature, energy metabolism, immunity, hormone secretion, and daily sleep-wake cycle. Sleep is tightly regulated by circadian rhythms, whereas a misalignment between the circadian rhythms and external environment may lead to circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSD). CRSD includes four main kinds of disorders: the advanced sleep-wake phase disorder (ASPD), the delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (DSPD), the irregular sleep-wake rhythm disorder and the non-24-h sleep-wake rhythm disorder. Recent studies have begun to shed light on the genetic basis of CRSD. Deciphering the genetic codes for ASPD and DSPD has so far been more successful than the other CRSDs, which allow for the development of animal models and understanding of the pathological mechanisms for these disorders. And studies from humans or animal models implicate CRSDs are associated with adverse health consequences, such as cancer and mental disorders. In this review, we will summarize the recent advances in the genetics, underlying mechanisms and the adverse effects on health of ASPD and DSPD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiangrong Tang
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zishan Gong
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wang Zeng
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiao Hou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Xiangya Third Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Renbin Lu, ; Qiao Hou,
| | - Renbin Lu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geratric Disorder, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Renbin Lu, ; Qiao Hou,
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38
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Duracinsky M, Marcellin F, Cousin L, Di Beo V, Mahé V, Rousset-Torrente O, Carrieri P, Chassany O. Social and professional recognition are key determinants of quality of life at work among night-shift healthcare workers in Paris public hospitals (AP-HP ALADDIN COVID-19 survey). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265724. [PMID: 35390061 PMCID: PMC9045406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Documenting the perceptions and experiences of frontline healthcare workers during a sanitary crisis is key to reinforce healthcare systems. We identify the determinants of quality of working life (QWL) among night-shift healthcare workers (NSHW) in Paris public hospitals shortly after the first-wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The ALADDIN cross-sectional online survey (15 June to 15 September 2020) collected QWL, socio-economic, behavioral, and work-related information among 1,387 NSHW in the 39 hospitals of the Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP). Data were weighted (margin calibration) to be representative of the entire population of 12,000 AP-HP hospitals' NSHW regarding sex, age, and professional category. Linear regression was used to identify correlates of QWL (WRQoL scale). RESULTS New night position during the COVID pandemic, difficulties in getting screened for COVID, and considering protective measures inadequate were associated with poorer QWL, after adjustment for socio-economic characteristics, professional category, perceived health, physical activity, and history of harassment at work. Under-estimation of night-shift work by day-shift colleagues, reporting night work as a source of tension with friends, or feeling more irritable since working at night also impaired QWL. By contrast, satisfaction regarding COVID information received from the employer, and feeling valued by the general population during the pandemic improved QWL. CONCLUSIONS Insufficient access to screening, information, and protective measures impaired QWL of NSHW after the first wave of COVID-19 in Paris public hospitals. Social and professional recognition of night-shift work were the key determinants of QWL in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Duracinsky
- Département de Médecine Interne et d’immunologie Clinique, Hôpital
Bicêtre, AP-HP, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Patient-Reported Outcomes Unit (PROQOL), UMR 1123, Inserm, Université de
Paris, Paris, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Économie de la Santé (URC-ECO) AP-HP,
Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Marcellin
- Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé et
Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille,
France
| | - Lorraine Cousin
- Patient-Reported Outcomes Unit (PROQOL), UMR 1123, Inserm, Université de
Paris, Paris, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Économie de la Santé (URC-ECO) AP-HP,
Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France
- Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé et
Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille,
France
| | - Vincent Di Beo
- Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé et
Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille,
France
| | - Véronique Mahé
- Service Central de Santé au Travail, Hôpitaux Lariboisière-Fernand Widal,
AP-HP Nord, Paris, France
| | - Olivia Rousset-Torrente
- Patient-Reported Outcomes Unit (PROQOL), UMR 1123, Inserm, Université de
Paris, Paris, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Économie de la Santé (URC-ECO) AP-HP,
Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France
| | - Patrizia Carrieri
- Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé et
Traitement de l’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille,
France
| | - Olivier Chassany
- Patient-Reported Outcomes Unit (PROQOL), UMR 1123, Inserm, Université de
Paris, Paris, France
- Unité de Recherche Clinique en Économie de la Santé (URC-ECO) AP-HP,
Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France
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Zhang S, Zhu N. Gender differences in thermal responses to temperature ramps in moderate environments. J Therm Biol 2022; 103:103158. [PMID: 35027194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Some studies revealed that steady-uniform thermal environments are not the optimal environmental state to ensure thermal comfort, and temperature ramps offer potential advantages over traditional air conditioning methods. Moreover, when exposed to the same environmental conditions, gender differences in thermal responses were often observed, but the gender differences in the ramped conditions and causal relationships remain unclear. Therefore, an experimental research was conducted in a chamber by controlling the rates and directions to study the gender differences in thermal responses to temperature ramps. Three temperature ramps conditions (A: 26 °C-24 °C-26 °C; B: 26 °C-28 °C-26 °C; C: 26 °C-30 °C-26 °C) were investigated with 60 healthy participants (30 females and 30 males) recruited. The main conclusions indicated that women are more sensitive to temperature ramp-down environments than those of their male counterparts. Direction of temperature ramps had a significant effect on human responses in cool environments but no effect was observed in warm environments. Moreover, there was no significant differences in subjective responses between genders in a 2 °C ramp-up environment from 26 °C to 28 °C. Due to psychological differences, men have a wider range of temperature acceptability than women. Furthermore, the relationships between thermal sensation and thermal comfort, thermal sensation and thermal acceptability were also established, indicating that thermal sensation had significant impacts on other psychological responses. This paper has reference value for related researchers and designers to take temperature ramps and gender differences account in the design of indoor thermal environments, which benefits to improve thermal comfort, health and energy efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Built Environment and Energy Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Built Environment and Energy Application, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.
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40
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Kawai M. Disruption of the circadian rhythms and its relationship with pediatric obesity. Pediatr Int 2022; 64:e14992. [PMID: 34525248 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The circadian clock system is an evolutionarily conserved system by which organisms adapt their metabolic activities to environmental inputs, including nutrient availability. The disruption of this system has been pathogenically linked to the disintegration of metabolic homeostasis, leading to the development of metabolic complications, including obesity. Lifestyle factors that disrupt this system have been found to be associated with the development of metabolic disorder, which is most evidenced by the finding that shift workers are at an increased risk of developing various disorders, such as obesity and obesity-related complications. Lifestyle factors that contribute to a misalignment between the internal clock system and environmental rhythms have also been identified in children. A short sleep duration and skipping breakfast are prevalent in children and there is mounting evidence that these factors are associated with an increased risk of pediatric obesity; however, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated in detail. Our current understanding of the impact of lifestyle factors that cause a misalignment between the internal clock system and environmental rhythms on the development of pediatric obesity is summarized herein, with a discussion of potential mechanistic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanobu Kawai
- Department of Bone and Mineral Research, Research Institute, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology, Nutrition, and Endocrinology, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Osaka, Japan
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Abstract
Cross-talk between peripheral tissues is essential to ensure the coordination of nutrient intake with disposition during the feeding period, thereby preventing metabolic disease. This mini-review considers the interactions between the key peripheral tissues that constitute the metabolic clock, each of which is considered in a separate mini-review in this collation of articles published in Endocrinology in 2020 and 2021, by Martchenko et al (Circadian rhythms and the gastrointestinal tract: relationship to metabolism and gut hormones); Alvarez et al (The microbiome as a circadian coordinator of metabolism); Seshadri and Doucette (Circadian regulation of the pancreatic beta cell); McCommis et al (The importance of keeping time in the liver); Oosterman et al (The circadian clock, shift work, and tissue-specific insulin resistance); and Heyde et al (Contributions of white and brown adipose tissues to the circadian regulation of energy metabolism). The use of positive- and negative-feedback signals, both hormonal and metabolic, between these tissues ensures that peripheral metabolic pathways are synchronized with the timing of food intake, thus optimizing nutrient disposition and preventing metabolic disease. Collectively, these articles highlight the critical role played by the circadian clock in maintaining metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia L Brubaker
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8Canada
- Correspondence: P. L. Brubaker, PhD, Departments of Physiology and Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Bldg, Rm 3366, 1 King’s College Cir, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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42
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Kashimada K. When to eat and sleep matters to children's health. Pediatr Int 2022; 64:e15063. [PMID: 35119171 DOI: 10.1111/ped.15063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Kashimada
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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Boivin DB, Boudreau P, Kosmadopoulos A. Disturbance of the Circadian System in Shift Work and Its Health Impact. J Biol Rhythms 2021; 37:3-28. [PMID: 34969316 PMCID: PMC8832572 DOI: 10.1177/07487304211064218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The various non-standard schedules required of shift workers force abrupt changes in the timing of sleep and light-dark exposure. These changes result in disturbances of the endogenous circadian system and its misalignment with the environment. Simulated night-shift experiments and field-based studies with shift workers both indicate that the circadian system is resistant to adaptation from a day- to a night-oriented schedule, as determined by a lack of substantial phase shifts over multiple days in centrally controlled rhythms, such as those of melatonin and cortisol. There is evidence that disruption of the circadian system caused by night-shift work results not only in a misalignment between the circadian system and the external light-dark cycle, but also in a state of internal desynchronization between various levels of the circadian system. This is the case between rhythms controlled by the central circadian pacemaker and clock genes expression in tissues such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells, hair follicle cells, and oral mucosa cells. The disruptive effects of atypical work schedules extend beyond the expression profile of canonical circadian clock genes and affects other transcripts of the human genome. In general, after several days of living at night, most rhythmic transcripts in the human genome remain adjusted to a day-oriented schedule, with dampened group amplitudes. In contrast to circadian clock genes and rhythmic transcripts, metabolomics studies revealed that most metabolites shift by several hours when working nights, thus leading to their misalignment with the circadian system. Altogether, these circadian and sleep-wake disturbances emphasize the all-encompassing impact of night-shift work, and can contribute to the increased risk of various medical conditions. Here, we review the latest scientific evidence regarding the effects of atypical work schedules on the circadian system, sleep and alertness of shift-working populations, and discuss their potential clinical impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane B Boivin
- Centre for Study and Treatment of Circadian Rhythms, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Boudreau
- Centre for Study and Treatment of Circadian Rhythms, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anastasi Kosmadopoulos
- Centre for Study and Treatment of Circadian Rhythms, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Hemmer A, Mareschal J, Dibner C, Pralong JA, Dorribo V, Perrig S, Genton L, Pichard C, Collet TH. The Effects of Shift Work on Cardio-Metabolic Diseases and Eating Patterns. Nutrients 2021; 13:4178. [PMID: 34836433 PMCID: PMC8617838 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Energy metabolism is tightly linked with circadian rhythms, exposure to ambient light, sleep/wake, fasting/eating, and rest/activity cycles. External factors, such as shift work, lead to a disruption of these rhythms, often called circadian misalignment. Circadian misalignment has an impact on some physiological markers. However, these proxy measurements do not immediately translate into major clinical health outcomes, as shown by later detrimental health effects of shift work and cardio-metabolic disorders. This review focuses on the effects of shift work on circadian rhythms and its implications in cardio-metabolic disorders and eating patterns. Shift work appears to be a risk factor of overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes, elevated blood pressure, and the metabolic syndrome. However, past studies showed discordant findings regarding the changes of lipid profile and eating patterns. Most studies were either small and short lab studies, or bigger and longer cohort studies, which could not measure health outcomes in a detailed manner. These two designs explain the heterogeneity of shift schedules, occupations, sample size, and methods across studies. Given the burden of non-communicable diseases and the growing concerns about shift workers' health, novel approaches to study shift work in real contexts are needed and would allow a better understanding of the interlocked risk factors and potential mechanisms involved in the onset of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Hemmer
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (A.H.); (J.M.); (L.G.); (C.P.)
| | - Julie Mareschal
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (A.H.); (J.M.); (L.G.); (C.P.)
| | - Charna Dibner
- Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jacques A. Pralong
- Service of Pneumology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.A.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Victor Dorribo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1066 Épalinges, Switzerland;
| | - Stephen Perrig
- Service of Pneumology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (J.A.P.); (S.P.)
| | - Laurence Genton
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (A.H.); (J.M.); (L.G.); (C.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Claude Pichard
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (A.H.); (J.M.); (L.G.); (C.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tinh-Hai Collet
- Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; (A.H.); (J.M.); (L.G.); (C.P.)
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Khosravipour M, Ghanbari Kakavandi M, Nadri F, Gharagozlou F. The long-term effects of exposure to noise on the levels of thyroid hormones: A four-year repeated measures study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 792:148315. [PMID: 34147810 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Animal studies have suggested that noise exposure can be associated with changes in the levels of thyroid hormones. However, no evidence is available that quantified this effect on humans. This study aimed to quantify the long-term effects of exposure to noise and its different frequencies on thyroid hormone levels. A four-year repeated measures study was performed among male workers of a thermal power plant industry from 2016 to 2020. Overall, 1032 observations were examined. To determine exposure to noise for each participant, the 8-hour equivalent sound pressure levels (Leq) were measured at weighting channels of Z, A, and C for an octave-band including low (31.5, 63, 125 Hz), middle (250,500, and 1000 Hz), and high (2, 4, 8 kHz) frequency noises. The fasting blood samples were also taken to determine thyroid hormone levels (TSH, Thyroid-stimulating hormone; T4, Thyroxine; T3, Triiodothyronine). The mixed-effects linear regression was applied to specify the percent changes in the levels of thyroid hormones. The prevent changes (95% confidence interval) of T4, T3, and TSH levels per a 10-dB increase in Leq based on the full adjusted model were estimated -0.90 (-1.68, -0.11), -0.70 (-1.44, 0.05), and 3.94 (0.58, 7.40), respectively. The highest percent changes in the T4 and TSH hormones were identified at 500 Hz (percent change = -1.08 and 95% CI = -1.93, -0.23) and with little difference at 1 (percent change = 4.73 and 95% CI = 0.91, 8.70) and 2 kHz (percent change = 4.72 and 95% CI = 1.13, 8.52) frequencies, correspondingly. Our findings indicated that long-term noise exposure may be associated with changes in the levels of thyroid hormones. Although more studies are warranted, noise-induced thyroid dysfunction may play a significant role in the biological pathways of the effects of noise on the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Khosravipour
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masoud Ghanbari Kakavandi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Farshad Nadri
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Faramarz Gharagozlou
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Duan J, Greenberg EN, Karri SS, Andersen B. The circadian clock and diseases of the skin. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:2413-2436. [PMID: 34535902 PMCID: PMC8515909 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Organisms have an evolutionarily conserved internal rhythm that helps them anticipate and adapt to daily changes in the environment. Synchronized to the light-dark cycle with a period of around 24 hours, the timing of the circadian clock is set by light-triggering signals sent from the retina to the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Other inputs, including food intake, exercise, and temperature, also affect clocks in peripheral tissues, including skin. Here, we review the intricate interplay between the core clock network and fundamental physiological processes in skin such as homeostasis, regeneration, and immune- and stress responses. We illustrate the effect of feeding time on the skin circadian clock and skin functions, a previously overlooked area of research. We then discuss works that relate the circadian clock and its disruption to skin diseases, including skin cancer, sunburn, hair loss, aging, infections, inflammatory skin diseases, and wound healing. Finally, we highlight the promise of circadian medicine for skin disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Duan
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Elyse Noelani Greenberg
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Satya Swaroop Karri
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
| | - Bogi Andersen
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
- Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697
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47
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Abstract
Circadian disruption is pervasive and can occur at multiple organizational levels, contributing to poor health outcomes at individual and population levels. Evidence points to a bidirectional relationship, in that circadian disruption increases disease severity and many diseases can disrupt circadian rhythms. Importantly, circadian disruption can increase the risk for the expression and development of neurologic, psychiatric, cardiometabolic, and immune disorders. Thus, harnessing the rich findings from preclinical and translational research in circadian biology to enhance health via circadian-based approaches represents a unique opportunity for personalized/precision medicine and overall societal well-being. In this Review, we discuss the implications of circadian disruption for human health using a bench-to-bedside approach. Evidence from preclinical and translational science is applied to a clinical and population-based approach. Given the broad implications of circadian regulation for human health, this Review focuses its discussion on selected examples in neurologic, psychiatric, metabolic, cardiovascular, allergic, and immunologic disorders that highlight the interrelatedness between circadian disruption and human disease and the potential of circadian-based interventions, such as bright light therapy and exogenous melatonin, as well as chronotherapy to improve and/or modify disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B Fishbein
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, and
| | - Kristen L Knutson
- Department of Neurology and Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Phyllis C Zee
- Department of Neurology and Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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