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Vázquez-Villar V, Das C, Swift T, Elies J, Tolosa J, García-Martínez JC, Ruiz A. Oligo(styryl)benzenes liposomal AIE-dots for bioimaging and phototherapy in an in vitro model of prostate cancer. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 670:585-598. [PMID: 38776693 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Whilst the development of advanced organic dots with aggregation-induced emission characteristics (AIE-dots) is being intensively studied, their clinical translation in efficient biotherapeutic devices has yet to be tackled. This study explores the synergistic interplay of oligo(styryl)benzenes (OSBs), potent fluorogens with an increased emission in the aggregate state, and Indocyanine green (ICG) as dual Near Infrared (NIR)-visible fluorescent nanovesicles with efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation capacity for cancer treatment using photodynamic therapy (PDT). The co-loading of OSBs and ICG in different nanovesicles has been thoroughly investigated. The nanovesicles' physicochemical properties were manipulated via molecular engineering by modifying the structural properties of the lipid bilayer and the number of oligo(ethyleneoxide) chains in the OSB structure. Diffusion Ordered Spectroscopy (DOSY) NMR and spectrofluorometric studies revealed key differences in the structure of the vesicles and the arrangement of the OSB and ICG in the bilayer. The in vitro assessment of these OSB-ICG nanovesicles revealed that the formulations can increase the temperature and generate ROS after photoirradiation, showing for the first time their potential as dual photothermal/photodynamic (PTT/PDT) agents in the treatment of prostate cancer. Our study provides an exciting opportunity to extend the range of applications of OSB derivates to potentiate the toxicity of phototherapy in prostate and other types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Vázquez-Villar
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, C/ José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), C/ Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Chandrima Das
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, Richmond Rd, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Swift
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Jacobo Elies
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, Richmond Rd, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Juan Tolosa
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, C/ José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), C/ Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain.
| | - Joaquín C García-Martínez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, C/ José María Sánchez Ibáñez s/n, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Regional Center for Biomedical Research (CRIB), C/ Almansa 13, 02008 Albacete, Spain.
| | - Amalia Ruiz
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, Richmond Rd, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom.
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2
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Enikeeva K, Rafikova G, Sharifyanova Y, Mulyukova D, Vanzin A, Pavlov V. Epigenetics as a Key Factor in Prostate Cancer. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300520. [PMID: 38379272 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, prostate cancer is one of the most common forms of malignant neoplasms in men all over the world. Against the background of increasing incidence, there is a high mortality rate from prostate cancer, which is associated with an inadequate treatment strategy. Such a high prevalence of prostate cancer requires the development of methods that can ensure early detection of the disease, improve the effectiveness of treatment, and predict the therapeutic effect. Under these circumstances, it becomes crucial to focus on the development of effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Due to the development of molecular genetic methods, a large number of studies have been accumulated on the role of epigenetic regulation of gene activity in cancer development, since it is epigenetic changes that can be detected at the earliest stages of cancer development. The presence of epigenetic aberrations in tumor tissue and correlations with drug resistance suggest new therapeutic approaches. Detection of epigenetic alterations such as CpG island methylation, histone modification, and microRNAs as biomarkers will improve the diagnosis of the disease, and the use of these strategies as targets for therapy will allow for greater personalization of prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadriia Enikeeva
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Guzel Rafikova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Yuliya Sharifyanova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Diana Mulyukova
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Alexandr Vanzin
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia
| | - Valentin Pavlov
- Institute of Urology and Clinical Oncology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, 450008, Russia
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3
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Pinho S, Ferreira-Gonçalves T, Lopes J, Amaral MN, Viana AS, Coelho JMP, Gaspar MM, Reis CP. A Step Forward for the Treatment of Localized Prostate Cancer Using Gold Nanoparticles Combined with Laser Irradiation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4488. [PMID: 38674073 PMCID: PMC11050317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCA) is the second most common cancer diagnosis in men and the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. The conventional treatments available are beneficial to only a few patients and, in those, some present adverse side effects that eventually affect the quality of life of most patients. Thus, there is an urgent need for effective, less invasive and targeted specific treatments for PCA. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a minimally invasive therapy that provides a localized effect for tumour cell ablation by activating photothermal agents (PTA) that mediate the conversion of the light beam's energy into heat at the site. As tumours are unable to easily dissipate heat, they become more susceptible to temperature increases. In the PTT field, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been attracting interest as PTA. The aim of this study was to formulate AuNPs capable of remaining retained in the tumour and subsequently generating heat at the tumour site. AuNPs were synthesized and characterized in terms of size, polydispersity index (PdI), zeta potential (ZP), morphology and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The safety of AuNPs and their efficacy were assessed using in vitro models. A preliminary in vivo safety assessment of AuNPs with a mean size lower than 200 nm was confirmed. The morphology was spherical-like and the SPR band showed good absorbance at the laser wavelength. Without laser, AuNPs proved to be safe both in vitro (>70% viability) and in vivo. In addition, with laser irradiation, they proved to be relatively effective in PCA cells. Overall, the formulation appears to be promising for use in PTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pinho
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa—Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.P.); (T.F.-G.); (J.L.); (M.N.A.)
| | - Tânia Ferreira-Gonçalves
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa—Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.P.); (T.F.-G.); (J.L.); (M.N.A.)
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Joana Lopes
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa—Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.P.); (T.F.-G.); (J.L.); (M.N.A.)
| | - Mariana Neves Amaral
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa—Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.P.); (T.F.-G.); (J.L.); (M.N.A.)
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Ana S. Viana
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - João M. P. Coelho
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Maria Manuela Gaspar
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa—Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.P.); (T.F.-G.); (J.L.); (M.N.A.)
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Catarina Pinto Reis
- Research Institute for Medicines, iMed.ULisboa—Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (S.P.); (T.F.-G.); (J.L.); (M.N.A.)
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica (IBEB), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
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Kumar S, Wadhwa P. Synthesis, molecular docking and biological evaluation of 1,2,4-oxadiazole based novel non-steroidal derivatives against prostate cancer. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107029. [PMID: 38091717 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in men leading to second most death causing cancer in men. Despite the availability of multiple treatment still the prevalence is high for prostate cancer. Steroidal antagonists associated with poor bioavailability, side effects while non-steroidal antagonists show serious side effects like gynecomastia. Therefore, there is a need of potential candidate for the treatment of prostate cancer with better bioavailability, good therapeutic effect and minimal side effects. In the same context, we have designed the series, SP1-SP25 based 3-phenyl-5-styryl-1,2,4-oxadiazole as the core structure. We successfully synthesized all 25 molecules in this series and characterized them using 1H, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Subsequently, we conducted MTT assays using PC-3 cells and observed that all the compounds exhibited a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability. Notably, compounds SP04, SP16, and SP19 demonstrated a significant decrease in cell viability and exhibited potent activity compared to the other synthesized molecules and standard drug bicalutamide. Among them, SP04 emerged as the one of the most potent compounds with an IC50 value of 238.13 nM and an 89.99 % inhibition of PC-3 cells, compared to synthesized molecules and standard drug bicalutamide. Furthermore, we conducted ROS assays and androgen receptor inhibition assays using the potent compound SP04 and bicalutamide. The results indicated that SP04 increased ROS production and decreased androgen receptor expression dose-dependent manner. Additionally, we conducted a docking study to analyse the interaction patterns within the active site of the androgen receptor. ADMET analysis revealed that all the compounds exhibited favorable physicochemical properties and manageable toxicity profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India.
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5
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Kumar S, Arora P, Wadhwa P, Kaur P. A Rationalized Approach to Design and Discover Novel Non-steroidal Derivatives through Computational Aid for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2024; 20:575-589. [PMID: 37365786 DOI: 10.2174/1573409919666230626113346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in men, leading to the second most common cause of death in men. Despite the availability of multiple treatments, the prevalence of prostate cancer remains high. Steroidal antagonists are associated with poor bioavailability and side effects, while non-steroidal antagonists show serious side effects, such as gynecomastia. Therefore, there is a need for a potential candidate for the treatment of prostate cancer with better bioavailability, good therapeutic effects, and minimal side effects. OBJECTIVE This current research work focused on identifying a novel non-steroidal androgen receptor antagonist through computational tools, such as docking and in silico ADMET analysis. METHODS Molecules were designed based on a literature survey, followed by molecular docking of all designed compounds and ADMET analysis of the hit compounds. RESULTS A library of 600 non-steroidal derivatives (cis and trans) was designed, and molecular docking was performed in the active site of the androgen receptor (PDBID: 1Z95) using Auto- Dock Vina 1.5.6. Docking studies resulted in 15 potent hits, which were then subjected to ADME analysis using SwissADME. ADME analysis predicted three compounds (SK-79, SK-109, and SK-169) with the best ADME profile and better bioavailability. Toxicity studies using Protox-II were performed on the three best compounds (SK-79, SK-109, and SK-169), which predicted ideal toxicity for these lead compounds. CONCLUSION This research work will provide ample opportunities to explore medicinal and computational research areas. It will facilitate the development of novel androgen receptor antagonists in future experimental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar- Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Pinky Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Pankaj Wadhwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar- Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Paranjeet Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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6
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Garg S, Sachdeva A, Peeters M, McClements J. Point-of-Care Prostate Specific Antigen Testing: Examining Translational Progress toward Clinical Implementation. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3643-3658. [PMID: 37830899 PMCID: PMC10616866 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common male cancer and is attributable to over 375,000 deaths annually. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a key biomarker for PCa and therefore measuring patient PSA levels is an important aspect of the diagnostic pathway. Automated immunoassays are currently utilized for PSA analysis, but they require a laboratory setting with specialized equipment and trained personnel. This results in high diagnostic costs, extended therapeutic turnaround times, and restrictions on testing capabilities in resource-limited settings. Consequently, there is a strong drive to develop point-of-care (PoC) PSA tests that can offer accurate, low-cost, and rapid results at the time and place of the patient. However, many emerging PoC tests experience a trade-off between accuracy, affordability, and accessibility which distinctly limits their translational potential. This review comprehensively assesses the translational advantages and limitations of emerging laboratory-level and commercial PoC tests for PSA determination. Electrochemical and optical PSA sensors from 2013 to 2023 are systematically examined. Furthermore, we suggest how the translational potential of emerging tests can be optimized to achieve clinical implementation and thus improve PCa diagnosis globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saweta Garg
- Merz
Court, School of Engineering, Newcastle
University, Claremont Road, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, School of Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4BX, U.K.
| | - Ashwin Sachdeva
- Division
of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester M20 4BX, U.K.
- Department
of Urology, The Christie NHS Foundation
Trust, Manchester M20 4BX, U.K.
| | - Marloes Peeters
- Merz
Court, School of Engineering, Newcastle
University, Claremont Road, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
| | - Jake McClements
- Merz
Court, School of Engineering, Newcastle
University, Claremont Road, NE1 7RU Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
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Mumuni S, O’Donnell C, Doody O. The Risk Factors and Screening Uptake for Prostate Cancer: A Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2780. [PMID: 37893854 PMCID: PMC10606491 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the risk factors and screening uptake for prostate cancer. DESIGN Scoping review. METHODS Arksey and O'Malley's framework guided this review; five databases (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Academic Search Complete and Cochrane Library) and grey literature were searched. Screening was undertaken against predetermined inclusion criteria for articles published before July 2023 and written in English. This review is reported in line with PRISMA-Sc. RESULTS 10,899 database results were identified; 3676 papers were removed as duplicates and 7115 papers were excluded at title and abstract review. A total of 108 papers were full-text reviewed and 67 were included in the review. Grey literature searching yielded no results. Age, family history/genetics, hormones, race/ethnicity, exposure to hazards, geographical location and diet were identified as risk factors. Prostatic antigen test (PSA), digital rectal examination (DRE), transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) and prostate biopsy were identified as screening/diagnostic methods. The evidence reviewed highlights moderate knowledge and screening uptake of prostate cancer with less than half of men reporting for PSA screening. On the other hand, there is a year-to-year increase in PSA and DRE screening, but factors such as poverty, religion, culture, communication barriers, language and costs affect men's uptake of prostate cancer screening. CONCLUSION As prostate cancer rates increase globally, there is a need for greater uptake of prostate cancer screening and improved health literacy among men and health workers. There is a need to develop a comprehensive prostate cancer awareness and screening programme that targets men and addresses uptake issues so as to provide safe, quality care. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF THIS STUDY (1) A broad search strategy was utilised incorporating both databases and grey literature. (2) The PRISMA reporting guidelines were utilised. (3) Only English language papers were included, and this may have resulted in relevant articles being omitted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seidu Mumuni
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (S.M.); (C.O.)
| | - Claire O’Donnell
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland; (S.M.); (C.O.)
- Health Research Institute, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Owen Doody
- Health Research Institute, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
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Bakam BY, Pambe JCN, Grey T, Maxeiner S, Rutz J, Njamen D, Blaheta RA, Zingue S. Cucumis sativus (Cucurbitaceae) seed oil prevents benzo(a)pyrene-induced prostate cancer in vitro and in vivo. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2069-2083. [PMID: 37310102 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite enormous progress in modern medicine, prostate cancer (PCa) remains a major public health problem due to its high incidence and mortality. Although studies have shown in vitro antitumor effects of cucurbitacins from Cucumis sativus, the in vivo anticancer effect of the seed oil as a whole, has yet to be demonstrated. The present study evaluated the in vitro anticancer mechanisms of C. sativus (CS) seed oil and its possible chemopreventive potential on benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-induced PCa in Wistar rat. In vitro cell growth, clone formation, cell death mechanism, cell adhesion and migration as well as expression of integrins β-1 and β-4 were assessed. In vivo PCa was induced in 56 male rats versus 8 normal control rats, randomized in normal (NOR) and negative (BaP) control groups which, received distilled water; the positive control group (Caso) was treated with casodex (13.5 mg/kg BW). One group received the total seed extract at the dose of 500 mg/kg BW; while the remaining three groups were treated with CS seed oil at 42.5, 85, and 170 mg/kg BW. The endpoints were: morphologically (prostate tumor weight and volume), biochemically (total protein, prostate specific antigen (PSA), oxidative stress markers such as MDA, GSH, catalase, and SOD) and histologically. As results, CS seed oil significantly and concentration-dependently reduced the DU145 prostate cancer cell growth and clone formation (optimum = 100 μg/mL). It slightly increased the number of apoptotic cells and inhibited the migration and invasion of DU145 cells, while it decreased their adhesion to immobilized collagen and fibrinogen. The expression of integrin β-1 and β-4 was increased in presence of 100 μg/mL CS oil. In vivo, the BaP significantly elevated the incidence of PC tumors (75%), the total protein and PSA levels, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6) and MDA levels compared to NOR. CS seeds oil significantly counteracted the effect of BaP by decreasing significantly the PC incidence (12.5%), and increasing the level of antioxidant (SOD, GSH, and catalase) and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in serum. While in BaP group PCa adenocarninoma was the most representative neoplasm, rats treated with 85 and 170 mg/kg prevented it in the light of the casodex. It is conclude that CS may provide tumor suppressive effects in vitro and in vivo which makes it an interesting candidate to support the current treatment protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berlise Yengwa Bakam
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Judith Christiane Ngo Pambe
- Department of Morphological Sciences and Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Garoua, Garoua, Cameroon
| | - Timothy Grey
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Maxeiner
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jochen Rutz
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dieudonne Njamen
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Roman A Blaheta
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stéphane Zingue
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Pharmacotoxicology and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon
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Ahmed R, Lozano LE, Anastasio A, Lofek S, Mastelic-Gavillet B, Navarro Rodrigo B, Nguyen S, Dartiguenave F, Rodrigues-Dias SC, Cesson V, Valério M, Roth B, Kandalaft LE, Redchenko I, Hill AVS, Harari A, Romero P, Derré L, Viganó S. Phenotype and Reactivity of Lymphocytes Expanded from Benign Prostate Hyperplasic Tissues and Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3114. [PMID: 37370724 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is a frequent condition in aging men, which affects life quality, causing principally lower urinary tract symptoms. Epidemiologic studies suggest that BPH may raise the risk of developing prostate cancer (PCa), most likely promoting a chronic inflammatory environment. Studies aiming at elucidating the link and risk factors that connect BPH and PCa are urgently needed to develop prevention strategies. The BPH microenvironment, similar to the PCa one, increases immune infiltration of the prostate, but, in contrast to PCa, immunosuppression may not be established yet. In this study, we found that prostate-infiltrating lymphocytes (PILs) expanded from hyperplastic prostate tissue recognized tumor-associated antigens (TAA) and autologous tissue, regardless of the presence of tumor cells. PILs expanded from BPH samples of patients with PCa, however, seem to respond more strongly to autologous tissue. Phenotypic characterization of the infiltrating PILs revealed a trend towards better expanding CD4+ T cells in infiltrates derived from PCa, but no significant differences were found. These findings suggest that T cell tolerance is compromised in BPH-affected prostates, likely due to qualitative or quantitative alterations of the antigenic landscape. Our data support the hypothesis that BPH increases the risk of PCa and may pave the way for new personalized preventive vaccine strategies for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritaparna Ahmed
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Leyder Elena Lozano
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amandine Anastasio
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sebastien Lofek
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Beatris Mastelic-Gavillet
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Blanca Navarro Rodrigo
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Nguyen
- Urology Research Unit and Urology Biobank, Department of Urology, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Florence Dartiguenave
- Urology Research Unit and Urology Biobank, Department of Urology, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sonia-Cristina Rodrigues-Dias
- Urology Research Unit and Urology Biobank, Department of Urology, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valérie Cesson
- Urology Research Unit and Urology Biobank, Department of Urology, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Valério
- Urology Research Unit and Urology Biobank, Department of Urology, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Beat Roth
- Urology Research Unit and Urology Biobank, Department of Urology, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lana Elias Kandalaft
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Irina Redchenko
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, The Jenner Institute, Oxford University, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | | | - Alexandre Harari
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Romero
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Derré
- Urology Research Unit and Urology Biobank, Department of Urology, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Selena Viganó
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University Hospital of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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10
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Soave C, Ducker C, Islam N, Kim S, Yurgelevic S, Nicely NI, Pardy L, Huang Y, Shaw PE, Auner G, Dickson A, Ratnam M. The Small Molecule Antagonist KCI807 Disrupts Association of the Amino-Terminal Domain of the Androgen Receptor with ELK1 by Modulating the Adjacent DNA Binding Domain. Mol Pharmacol 2023; 103:211-220. [PMID: 36720643 PMCID: PMC11033959 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.122.000589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a crucial coactivator of ELK1 for prostate cancer (PCa) growth, associating with ELK1 through two peptide segments (358-457 and 514-557) within the amino-terminal domain (NTD) of AR. The small-molecule antagonist 5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one (KCI807) binds to AR, blocking ELK1 binding and inhibiting PCa growth. We investigated the mode of interaction of KCI807 with AR using systematic mutagenesis coupled with ELK1 coactivation assays, testing polypeptide binding and Raman spectroscopy. In full-length AR, deletion of neither ELK1 binding segment affected sensitivity of residual ELK1 coactivation to KCI807. Although the NTD is sufficient for association of AR with ELK1, interaction of the isolated NTD with ELK1 was insensitive to KCI807. In contrast, coactivation of ELK1 by the AR-V7 splice variant, comprising the NTD and the DNA binding domain (DBD), was sensitive to KCI807. Deletions and point mutations within DBD segment 558-595, adjacent to the NTD, interfered with coactivation of ELK1, and residual ELK1 coactivation by the mutants was insensitive to KCI807. In a glutathione S-transferase pull-down assay, KCI807 inhibited ELK1 binding to an AR polypeptide that included the two ELK1 binding segments and the DBD but did not affect ELK1 binding to a similar AR segment that lacked the sequence downstream of residue 566. Raman spectroscopy detected KCI807-induced conformational change in the DBD. The data point to a putative KCI807 binding pocket within the crystal structure of the DBD and indicate that either mutations or binding of KCI807 at this site will induce conformational changes that disrupt ELK1 binding to the NTD. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The small-molecule antagonist KCI807 disrupts association of the androgen receptor (AR) with ELK1, serving as a prototype for the development of small molecules for a novel type of therapeutic intervention in drug-resistant prostate cancer. This study provides basic information needed for rational KCI807-based drug design by identifying a putative binding pocket in the DNA binding domain of AR through which KCI807 modulates the amino-terminal domain to inhibit ELK1 binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Soave
- Department of Oncology (C.S., S.K., Y.H., L.P., M.R.) and Smart Sensors and Integrated Microsystems (SSIM) Program (S.Y., G.A.), Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (N.I. and A.D.); School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (C.D. and P.E.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (N.N.)
| | - Charles Ducker
- Department of Oncology (C.S., S.K., Y.H., L.P., M.R.) and Smart Sensors and Integrated Microsystems (SSIM) Program (S.Y., G.A.), Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (N.I. and A.D.); School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (C.D. and P.E.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (N.N.)
| | - Naeyma Islam
- Department of Oncology (C.S., S.K., Y.H., L.P., M.R.) and Smart Sensors and Integrated Microsystems (SSIM) Program (S.Y., G.A.), Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (N.I. and A.D.); School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (C.D. and P.E.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (N.N.)
| | - Seongho Kim
- Department of Oncology (C.S., S.K., Y.H., L.P., M.R.) and Smart Sensors and Integrated Microsystems (SSIM) Program (S.Y., G.A.), Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (N.I. and A.D.); School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (C.D. and P.E.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (N.N.)
| | - Sally Yurgelevic
- Department of Oncology (C.S., S.K., Y.H., L.P., M.R.) and Smart Sensors and Integrated Microsystems (SSIM) Program (S.Y., G.A.), Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (N.I. and A.D.); School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (C.D. and P.E.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (N.N.)
| | - Nathan I Nicely
- Department of Oncology (C.S., S.K., Y.H., L.P., M.R.) and Smart Sensors and Integrated Microsystems (SSIM) Program (S.Y., G.A.), Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (N.I. and A.D.); School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (C.D. and P.E.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (N.N.)
| | - Luke Pardy
- Department of Oncology (C.S., S.K., Y.H., L.P., M.R.) and Smart Sensors and Integrated Microsystems (SSIM) Program (S.Y., G.A.), Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (N.I. and A.D.); School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (C.D. and P.E.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (N.N.)
| | - Yanfang Huang
- Department of Oncology (C.S., S.K., Y.H., L.P., M.R.) and Smart Sensors and Integrated Microsystems (SSIM) Program (S.Y., G.A.), Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (N.I. and A.D.); School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (C.D. and P.E.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (N.N.)
| | - Peter E Shaw
- Department of Oncology (C.S., S.K., Y.H., L.P., M.R.) and Smart Sensors and Integrated Microsystems (SSIM) Program (S.Y., G.A.), Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (N.I. and A.D.); School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (C.D. and P.E.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (N.N.)
| | - Gregory Auner
- Department of Oncology (C.S., S.K., Y.H., L.P., M.R.) and Smart Sensors and Integrated Microsystems (SSIM) Program (S.Y., G.A.), Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (N.I. and A.D.); School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (C.D. and P.E.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (N.N.)
| | - Alex Dickson
- Department of Oncology (C.S., S.K., Y.H., L.P., M.R.) and Smart Sensors and Integrated Microsystems (SSIM) Program (S.Y., G.A.), Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (N.I. and A.D.); School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (C.D. and P.E.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (N.N.)
| | - Manohar Ratnam
- Department of Oncology (C.S., S.K., Y.H., L.P., M.R.) and Smart Sensors and Integrated Microsystems (SSIM) Program (S.Y., G.A.), Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan (N.I. and A.D.); School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom (C.D. and P.E.S.); and Department of Pharmacology, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (N.N.)
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11
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Recent advances and futuristic potentials of nano-tailored doxorubicin for prostate cancer therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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12
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Figueroa-Valverde L, Rosas-Nexticapa M, Alvarez-Ramirez M, Lopez-Ramos M, Mateu-Armand V, Lopez-Gutierrez T. Statistical Data (1978-2020) on Prostate Cancer in the Southern Population of Mexico. CLINICAL CANCER INVESTIGATION JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.51847/lkyjt987fn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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13
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Zgarbová E, Vrzal R. The Impact of Indoles Activating the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor on Androgen Receptor Activity in the 22Rv1 Prostate Cancer Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010502. [PMID: 36613955 PMCID: PMC9820252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by xenobiotic compounds was demonstrated to result in the degradation of the androgen receptor (AR). Since prostate cancer is often dependent on AR, it has become a significant therapeutic target. As a result of the emerging concept of bacterial mimicry, we tested whether compounds with indole scaffolds capable of AhR activation have the potential to restrict AR activity in prostate cancer cells. Altogether, 22 indolic compounds were tested, and all of them activated AhR. However, only eight decreased DHT-induced AR luciferase activity. All indoles, which met the AhR-activating and AR-suppressing criteria, decreased the expression of DHT-inducible AR target genes, specifically KLK3 and FKBP5 mRNAs. The reduced AR binding to the KLK3 promoter was confirmed by a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. In addition, some indoles significantly decreased AR protein and mRNA level. By using CRISPR/Cas9 AhR knockout technology, no relationship between AhR and AR, measured as target gene expression, was observed. In conclusion, some indoles that activate AhR possess AR-inhibiting activity, which seems to be related to the downregulation of AR expression rather than to AR degradation alone. Moreover, there does not seem to be a clear relationship that would connect AhR activation with AR activity suppression in 22Rv1 cells.
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Basak D, Gregori L, Johora F, Deb S. Preclinical and Clinical Research Models of Prostate Cancer: A Brief Overview. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12101607. [PMID: 36295041 PMCID: PMC9605520 DOI: 10.3390/life12101607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality from prostate cancer (PCa) are on the rise which poses a major public health concern worldwide. In this narrative review, we have summarized the characteristics of major in vitro and in vivo PCa models including their utility in developing treatment strategies. Androgens, particularly, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) activate the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway that facilitates the development and progression of castration resistant PCa. Several enzymes namely, CYP17A1, HSD17B, and SRD5A are essential to furnishing DHT from dehydroepiandrosterone in the classical pathway while DHT is formed from androstanediol in the backdoor pathway. The advancement in delineating the molecular heterogeneity of PCa has been possible through the development of several in vitro and in vivo research models. Generally, tissue culture models are advantageous to understand PCa biology and investigate the efficacy and toxicity of novel agents; nevertheless, animal models are indispensable to studying the PCa etiology and treatment since they can simulate the tumor microenvironment that plays a central role in initiation and progression of the disease. Moreover, the availability of several genetically engineered mouse models has made it possible to study the metastasis process. However, the conventional models are not devoid of limitations. For example, the lack of heterogeneity in tissue culture models and the variation of metastatic characteristics in xenograft models are obviously challenging. Additionally, due to the racial and ethnic disparities in PCa pathophysiology, a new model that can represent PCa encompassing different ethnicities is urgently needed. New models should continue to evolve to address the genetic and molecular complexities as well as to further elucidate the finer details of the steroidogenic pathway associated with PCa.
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Sekhoacha M, Riet K, Motloung P, Gumenku L, Adegoke A, Mashele S. Prostate Cancer Review: Genetics, Diagnosis, Treatment Options, and Alternative Approaches. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175730. [PMID: 36080493 PMCID: PMC9457814 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate cancer affects men of all racial and ethnic groups and leads to higher rates of mortality in those belonging to a lower socioeconomic status due to late detection of the disease. There is growing evidence that suggests the contribution of an individual’s genetic profile to prostate cancer. Currently used prostate cancer treatments have serious adverse effects; therefore, new research is focusing on alternative treatment options such as the use of genetic biomarkers for targeted gene therapy, nanotechnology for controlled targeted treatment, and further exploring medicinal plants for new anticancer agents. In this review, we describe the recent advances in prostate cancer research. Abstract Prostate cancer is one of the malignancies that affects men and significantly contributes to increased mortality rates in men globally. Patients affected with prostate cancer present with either a localized or advanced disease. In this review, we aim to provide a holistic overview of prostate cancer, including the diagnosis of the disease, mutations leading to the onset and progression of the disease, and treatment options. Prostate cancer diagnoses include a digital rectal examination, prostate-specific antigen analysis, and prostate biopsies. Mutations in certain genes are linked to the onset, progression, and metastasis of the cancer. Treatment for localized prostate cancer encompasses active surveillance, ablative radiotherapy, and radical prostatectomy. Men who relapse or present metastatic prostate cancer receive androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), salvage radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Currently, available treatment options are more effective when used as combination therapy; however, despite available treatment options, prostate cancer remains to be incurable. There has been ongoing research on finding and identifying other treatment approaches such as the use of traditional medicine, the application of nanotechnologies, and gene therapy to combat prostate cancer, drug resistance, as well as to reduce the adverse effects that come with current treatment options. In this article, we summarize the genes involved in prostate cancer, available treatment options, and current research on alternative treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamello Sekhoacha
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
- Correspondence:
| | - Keamogetswe Riet
- Department of Health Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Paballo Motloung
- Department of Health Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Lemohang Gumenku
- Department of Health Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - Ayodeji Adegoke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, Nigeria
| | - Samson Mashele
- Department of Health Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
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16
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Identification of ELK1 interacting peptide segments in the androgen receptor. Biochem J 2022; 479:1519-1531. [PMID: 35781489 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) growth requires tethering of the androgen receptor (AR) to chromatin by the ETS domain transcription factor ELK1 to coactivate critical cell proliferation genes. Disruption of the ELK1-AR complex is a validated potential means of therapeutic intervention in PCa. AR associates with ELK1 by co-opting its two ERK docking sites, through the amino-terminal domain (A/B domain) of AR. Using a mammalian two-hybrid assay, we have now functionally mapped amino acids within the peptide segments 358-457 and 514-557 in the A/B domain as required for association with ELK1. The mapping data was validated by GST (glutathione S-transferase)-pulldown and BRET (bioluminescence resonance energy transfer) assays. Comparison of the relative contributions of the interacting motifs/segments in ELK1 and AR to coactivation of ELK1 by AR suggested a parallel mode of binding of AR and ELK1 polypeptides. Growth of PCa cells was partially inhibited by deletion of the upstream segment in AR and nearly fully inhibited by deletion of the downstream segment. Our studies have identified two peptide segments in AR that mediate functional association of AR with its two docking sites in ELK1. Identification of the ELK1 recognition sites in AR should enable further structural studies of the ELK1-AR interaction and rational design of small molecule drugs to disrupt this interaction.
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17
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Dutta G, Manickam S, Sugumaran A. Stimuli-Responsive Hybrid Metal Nanocomposite - A Promising Technology for Effective Anticancer Therapy. Int J Pharm 2022; 624:121966. [PMID: 35764265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most challenging, life-threatening illnesses to cure, with over 10 million new cases diagnosed each year globally. Improved diagnostic cum treatment with common side-effects are warranting for successful therapy. Nanomaterials are recognized to improve early diagnosis, imaging, and treatment. Recently, multifunctional nanocomposites attracted considerable interest due to their low-cost production, and ideal thermal and chemical stability, and will be beneficial in future diagnostics and customized treatment capacity. Stimuli-Responsive Hybrid Metal Nanocomposites (SRHMNs) based nanocomposite materials pose the on/off delivery of bioactive compounds such as medications, genes, RNA, and DNA to specific tissue or organs and reduce toxicity. They simultaneously serve as sophisticated imaging and diagnostic tools when certain stimuli (e.g., temperature, pH, redox, ultrasound, or enzymes) activate the nanocomposite, resulting in the imaging-guided transport of the payload at defined sites. This review in detail addresses the recent advancements in the design and mechanism of internal breakdown processes of the functional moiety from stimuli-responsive systems in response to a range of stimuli coupled with metal nanoparticles. Also, it provides a thorough understanding of SRHMNs, enabling non-invasive interventional therapy by resolving several difficulties in cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Dutta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Sivakumar Manickam
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Jalan Tungku Link Gadong, BE1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Abimanyu Sugumaran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India.
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Velmurugan P, Mohanavel V, Shrestha A, Sivakumar S, Oyouni AAA, Al-Amer OM, Alzahrani OR, Alasseiri MI, Hamadi A, Alalawy AI. Developing a Multimodal Model for Detecting Higher-Grade Prostate Cancer Using Biomarkers and Risk Factors. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9223400. [PMID: 35722463 PMCID: PMC9205705 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9223400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A technique to predict crucial clinical prostate cancer (PC) is desperately required to prevent diagnostic errors and overdiagnosis. To create a multimodal model that incorporates long-established messenger RNA (mRNA) indicators and conventional risk variables for identifying individuals with severe PC on prostatic biopsies. Urinary has gathered for mRNA analysis following a DRE and before a prostatic examination in two prospective multimodal investigations. A first group (n = 489) generated the multimodal risk score, which was then medically verified in a second group (n = 283). The reverse transcription qualitative polymerase chain reaction determined the mRNA phase. Logistic regression was applied to predict risk in patients and incorporate health risks. The area under the curve (AUC) was used to compare models, and clinical efficacy was assessed by using a DCA. The amounts of sixth homeobox clustering and first distal-less homeobox mRNA have been strongly predictive of high-grade PC detection. In the control subjects, the multimodal method achieved a total AUC of 0.90, with the most important aspects being the messenger riboneuclic acid features' PSA densities and previous cancer-negative tests as a nonsignificant design ability to contribute to PSA, aging, and background. An AUC of 0.86 was observed for one more model that added DRE as an extra risk component. Two methods were satisfactorily verified without any significant changes within the area under the curve in the validation group. DCA showed a massive net advantage and the highest decrease in inappropriate costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanivel Velmurugan
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Selaiyur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinayagam Mohanavel
- Centre for Materials Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600073, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Anupama Shrestha
- Department of Plant Protection, Himalayan College of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kalanki, Kathmandu, Nepal PO box 44600
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Applied Science, Tokha Kathmandu, Nepal 2356
| | - Subpiramaniyam Sivakumar
- Department of Bioenvironmental Energy, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang-Si, Gyeongsangnam-do 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Atif Abdulwahab A. Oyouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M. Al-Amer
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman R. Alzahrani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed I. Alasseiri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Hamadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Ibrahim Alalawy
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Gasmi A, Bjørklund G, Noor S, Semenova Y, Dosa A, Pen JJ, Menzel A, Piscopo S, Wirth N, Costea DO. Nutritional and surgical aspects in prostate disorders. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022:1-17. [PMID: 35021909 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2013158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Prostate disorders are commonplace in medicine, especially in older men, with prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and prostate cancer being the most abundant pathologies. The complexity of this organ, however, turns treatment into a challenge. In this review, we aim to provide insight into the efficacy of alternative treatments, which are not normally used in conventional medicine, with a particular focus on nutrients. In order to understand why and how nutrition can be beneficial in diseases of the prostate, we give an overview of the known characteristics and features of this organ. Then, we provide a summary of the most prevalent prostate illnesses. Finally, we propose nutrition-based treatment in each of these prostate problems, based on in-depth research concerning its effects in this context, with an emphasis on surgery. Overall, we plead for an upgrade of this form of alternative treatment to a fully recognized mode of therapy for the prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Gasmi
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France.,Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Sadaf Noor
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Yuliya Semenova
- Department of Neurology, Ophthalmology, ENT, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan.,CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Alexandru Dosa
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
| | - Joeri J Pen
- Diabetes Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Nutrition, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Salva Piscopo
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
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Merae Alshahrani M. A glance at the emerging diagnostic biomarkers in the most prevalent genitourinary cancers. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:2072-2084. [PMID: 35531253 PMCID: PMC9073037 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Genitourinary cancers comprise of a heterogenous group of cancers of which renal cell carcinoma, urothelial bladder carcinoma, and prostate adenocarcinoma are the most commonly encountered subtypes. A lot of research is ongoing using various strategies for exploration of novel biomarkers for genitourinary cancers. These biomarkers would not reduce the need for invasive diagnostic techniques but also could be used for early and accurate diagnosis to improve the clinical management required for the disease. Moreover, selecting the appropriate treatment regimen for the responsive patients based on these biomarkers would reduce the treatment toxicity as well as cost. Biomarkers identified using various advanced techniques like next generation sequencing and proteomics, which have been classified as immunological biomarkers, tissue-specific biomarkers and liquid biomarkers. Immunological biomarkers include markers of immunological pathways such as CTLA4, PD-1/PDl-1, tissue biomarkers include tissue specific molecules such as PSA antigen and liquid biomarkers include biomarkers detectable in urine, circulating cells etc. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief introduction to the most prevalent genitourinary malignancies, including bladder, kidney, and prostate cancers along with a major focus on the novel diagnostic biomarkers and the importance of targeting them prior to genitourinary cancers treatment. Understanding these biomarkers and their potential in diagnosis of genitourinary cancer would not help in early and accurate diagnosis as mentioned above but may also lead towards a personalized approach for better diagnosis, prognosis and specified treatment approach for an individual.
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21
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Chan EWC, Wong SK, Chan HT. An overview of the chemistry and anticancer properties of rosemary extract and its diterpenes. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.34172/jhp.2022.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.), a culinary herb of the family Lamiaceae, has promising anticancer activity. This overview has updated the current knowledge on the chemistry and anticancer properties of rosemary extract, carnosic acid, carnosol, and rosmanol, focusing on colon and prostate cancer cells since they are the most susceptible. The information was procured from Google, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, J-Stage, and PubChem. Phenolic compounds isolated from the aerial parts of R. officinalis are flavonoids, phenolic acids, diterpenes, triterpenes, terpenoids, and phenylpropanoids. Some of the compounds are new to science, to the genus, and to the species. Almost 30 compounds possess anticancer properties. Rosemary extracts contain abietane diterpenes, with carnosic acid, carnosol, and rosmanol being the most common. Their molecular structures are similar to three fused aromatic rings. Carnosic acid has a –COOH group at C20, carnosol has a lactone ring occurs across the B ring, and rosmanol has a –OH group at C7. Against colon and prostate cancer cells, the rosemary extract and diterpenes inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest. The inhibition of cell migration and adhesion has also been reported. The rosemary extract and diterpenes also inhibited colon and prostate cancer xenograft in mice. Rosemary extract is more cytotoxic than the diterpenes due to its polyphenols such as flavonoids and triterpenes. In vitro and in vivo cytotoxic activities involve different molecular targets and signalling pathways. Some prospects and areas for future research are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Wei Chiang Chan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siu Kuin Wong
- School of Foundation Studies, Xiamen University Malaysia, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hung Tuck Chan
- Secretariat of International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems (ISME), Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0129, Japan
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22
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Dually targeted bioinspired nanovesicle delays advanced prostate cancer tumour growth in vivo. Acta Biomater 2021; 134:559-575. [PMID: 34274531 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is second-leading cancer in men, with limited treatment options available for men with advanced and metastatic PC. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) have been exploited as therapeutic targets in PC due to their upregulation in the advanced stages of the disease. To date, several PSA- and PSMA-activatable prodrugs have been developed to reduce the systemic toxicity of existing chemotherapeutics. Bioinspired nanovesicles have been exploited in drug delivery, offering prolonged drug blood circulation and higher tumour accumulation. For the first time, this study describes the engineering of dually targeted PSA/PSMA nanovesicles for advanced PC. PSMA-targeted bioinspired hybrids were prepared by hydrating a lipid film with anti-PSMA-U937 cell membranes and DOX-PSA prodrug, followed by extrusion. The bioinspired hybrids were characterised using dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, Dot blot, flow cytometry and Western blot. Cellular binding and toxicity studies in PC cancer cell lines were carried out using flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, and resazurin assay. Finally, tumour targeting and therapeutic efficacy studies were performed in solid and metastatic C4-2B-tumor-bearing mice. Interestingly, our PSMA-targeted hybrids demonstrated high cell uptake in PSMA-expressing cells with significant accumulation in solid and metastatic C4-2B tumour tissues following intravenous administration. More promisingly, our dually targeted PSA/PSMA hybrid significantly slowed down the C4-2B tumour growth in vivo, compared to free DOX-PSA and non-targeted PSA-hybrid. Our PSA/PSMA bioinspired hybrid could offer a highly selective treatment for advanced PC with lower side effects. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study investigates a new approach to treat prostate cancer using dually targeted bioinspired nanovesicle . Our bioinspired vesicles are made mainly of a human blood cell membrane with a ligand recognising a specific marker (PSMA) on the surface of the prostate cancer cells. The present work describes the successful loading of a doxorubicin prodrug linked to a PSA- activatable peptide into these targeted bioinspired nanovesicle , where the active PSA enzyme presents in these cells converts the drug to its active form. Our dually targeted PSA/PSMA hybrid vesicles has successfully improved site-specific prodrug delivery to tackle advanced prostate cancer, offering a novel and effective prostate cancer treatment.
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23
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Nascimento-Gonçalves E, Seixas F, Ferreira R, Colaço B, Parada B, Oliveira PA. An overview of the latest in state-of-the-art murine models for prostate cancer. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2021; 16:1349-1364. [PMID: 34224283 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1943354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer (PCa) is a complex, heterogenous and multifocal disease, which is debilitating for patients and often fatal - due to bone metastasis and castration-resistant cancer. The use of murine models that mimic human disease has been crucial in the development of innovative therapies and for better understanding the mechanisms associated with initiation and progression of PCa. AREAS COVERED This review presents a critical analysis of murine models for the study of PCa, highlighting their strengths, weaknesses and applications. EXPERT OPINION In animal models, disease may not occur exactly as it does in humans, and sometimes the levels of efficacy that certain treatments obtain in animal models cannot be translated into clinical practice. To choose the most appropriate animal model for each research work, it is crucial to understand the anatomical and physiological differences between the mouse and the human prostate, while it is also important to identify biological similarities and differences between murine and human prostate tumors. Although significant progress has already been made, thanks to many years of research and study, the number of new challenges and obstacles to overcome mean there is a long and difficult road still to travel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabete Nascimento-Gonçalves
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.,Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.,Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (Laqv-requimte),department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro (UA), Portugal
| | - Fernanda Seixas
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.,Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rita Ferreira
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (Laqv-requimte),department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro (UA), Portugal
| | - Bruno Colaço
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal.,Department of Zootechnics, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Belmiro Parada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (Icbr), Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Urology and Renal Transplantation Department, Coimbra University Hospital Centre (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.,Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
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24
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Barnaby JP, Sorribes IC, Jain HV. Relating prostate‐specific antigen leakage with vascular tumor growth in a mathematical model of prostate cancer response to androgen deprivation. COMPUTATIONAL AND SYSTEMS ONCOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cso2.1014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Johnna P. Barnaby
- Department of Mathematics Shippensberg University Shippensburg Pennsylvania USA
| | | | - Harsh Vardhan Jain
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Minnesota Duluth Duluth Minnesota USA
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25
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Steroidogenesis in Peripheral and Transition Zones of Human Prostate Cancer Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020487. [PMID: 33418978 PMCID: PMC7825320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The peripheral zone (PZ) and transition zone (TZ) represent about 70% of the human prostate gland with each zone having differential ability to develop prostate cancer. Androgens and their receptor are the primary driving cause of prostate cancer growth and eventually castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). De novo steroidogenesis has been identified as a key mechanism that develops during CRPC. Currently, there is very limited information available on human prostate tissue steroidogenesis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate steroid metabolism in human prostate cancer tissues with comparison between PZ and TZ. Human prostate cancer tumors were procured from the patients who underwent radical prostatectomy without any neoadjuvant therapy. Human prostate homogenates were used to quantify steroid levels intrinsically present in the tissues as well as formed after incubation with 2 µg/mL of 17-hydroxypregnenolone (17-OH-pregnenolone) or progesterone. A Waters Acquity ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to a Quattro Premier XE tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer using a C18 column was used to measure thirteen steroids from the classical and backdoor steroidogenesis pathways. The intrinsic prostate tissue steroid levels were similar between PZ and TZ with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), pregnenolone and 17-OH-pregnenolone levels higher than the other steroids measured. Interestingly, 5-pregnan-3,20-dione, 5-pregnan-3-ol-20-one, and 5-pregnan-17-ol-3,20-dione formation was significantly higher in both the zones of prostate tissues, whereas, androstenedione, testosterone, DHT, and progesterone levels were significantly lower after 60 min incubation compared to the 0 min control incubations. The incubations with progesterone had a similar outcome with 5-pregnan-3,20-dione and 5-pregnan-3-ol-20-one levels were elevated and the levels of DHT were lower in both PZ and TZ tissues. The net changes in steroid formation after the incubation were more observable with 17-OH-pregnenolone than with progesterone. In our knowledge, this is the first report of comprehensive analyses of intrinsic prostate tissue steroids and precursor-driven steroid metabolism using a sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry assay. In summary, the PZ and TZ of human prostate exhibited similar steroidogenic ability with distinction in the manner each zone utilizes the steroid precursors to divert the activity towards backdoor pathway through a complex matrix of steroidogenic mechanisms.
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26
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Tonry C, Finn S, Armstrong J, Pennington SR. Clinical proteomics for prostate cancer: understanding prostate cancer pathology and protein biomarkers for improved disease management. Clin Proteomics 2020; 17:41. [PMID: 33292167 PMCID: PMC7678104 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-020-09305-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the introduction of routine Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) screening in the early 1990′s, Prostate Cancer (PCa) is often detected at an early stage. There are also a growing number of treatment options available and so the associated mortality rate is generally low. However, PCa is an extremely complex and heterogenous disease and many patients suffer disease recurrence following initial therapy. Disease recurrence commonly results in metastasis and metastatic PCa has an average survival rate of just 3–5 years. A significant problem in the clinical management of PCa is being able to differentiate between patients who will respond to standard therapies and those who may benefit from more aggressive intervention at an earlier stage. It is also acknowledged that for many men the disease is not life threatenting. Hence, there is a growing desire to identify patients who can be spared the significant side effects associated with PCa treatment until such time (if ever) their disease progresses to the point where treatment is required. To these important clinical needs, current biomarkers and clinical methods for patient stratification and personlised treatment are insufficient. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the complexities of PCa pathology and disease management. In this context it is possible to review current biomarkers and proteomic technologies that will support development of biomarker-driven decision tools to meet current important clinical needs. With such an in-depth understanding of disease pathology, the development of novel clinical biomarkers can proceed in an efficient and effective manner, such that they have a better chance of improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Tonry
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen Finn
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland
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27
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Saleh SAK, Adly HM, Abdelkhaliq AA, Nassir AM. Serum Levels of Selenium, Zinc, Copper, Manganese, and Iron in Prostate Cancer Patients. Curr Urol 2020; 14:44-49. [PMID: 32398996 DOI: 10.1159/000499261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Variations of trace element contents may be associated with several diseases including metabolic disorders, cellular growth disturbance, mutation and tumorigenesis. Prostate cancer is the second most common male cancer worldwide and stand fifth most common male cancer in Saudi Arabia. Objective In the present study, Serum levels of selenium, zinc, copper, manganese, and iron were measured in patients with BPH and prostate cancer aiming to explore the association between these elements and prostate cancer. Patients and Methods The study included 40 newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients, 22 patients with BPH and 30 healthy male subjects. All participant groups had similar socio-economic levels. Fasting blood samples were collected from all subjects and before any intervention for the patients. Serum PSA concentrations were analyzed by ELIZA and trace elements Se, Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe were measured by ICP-MS. Results Serum Se, Zn, and Mn levels of prostate cancer patients were significantly decreased compared to control groups. The levels of serum Cu and Fe were significantly higher in prostate cancer patients than in control groups. Conclusion In the present study, an association was noticed between serum trace elements disturbance and prostate cancer. The decreased levels of Se, Zn, and Mn, and increased Cu and Fe levels may play significant roles in the initiation of prostate cancer. However, future prospective studies on the causes of trace elements alteration in prostate cancer patients are needed as well as to illustrate the relation between different prostate cancer stages and trace elements concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heba M Adly
- Biochemistry Department, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Anmar M Nassir
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
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28
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Pardy L, Rosati R, Soave C, Huang Y, Kim S, Ratnam M. The ternary complex factor protein ELK1 is an independent prognosticator of disease recurrence in prostate cancer. Prostate 2020; 80:198-208. [PMID: 31794091 PMCID: PMC7302117 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both hormone-sensitive and castration- and enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancers (PCa) depend on the ternary complex factor (TCF) protein ELK1 to serve as a tethering protein for the androgen receptor (AR) to activate a critical set of growth genes. The two sites in ELK1 required for AR binding are conserved in other members of the TCF subfamily, ELK3 and ELK4. Here we examine the potential utility of the three proteins as prognosticators of disease recurrence in PCa. METHODS Transcriptional activity assays; Retrospective analysis of PCa recurrence using data on 501 patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database; Unpaired Wilcoxon rank-sum test and multiple comparison correction using the Holm's method; Spearman's correlations; Kaplan-Meier methods; Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses; LASSO-based penalized Cox regression models; Time-dependent area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS ELK4 but not ELK3 was coactivated by AR similar to ELK1. Tumor expression of neither ELK3 nor ELK4 was associated with disease-free survival (DFS). ELK1 was associated with higher clinical T-stage, pathology T-stage, Gleason score, prognostic grade, and positive lymph node status. ELK1 was a negative prognosticator of DFS, independent of ELK3, ELK4, clinical T-stage, pathology T-stage, prognostic grade, lymph node status, age, and race. Inclusion of ELK1 increased the abilities of the Oncotype DX and Prolaris gene panels to predict disease recurrence, correctly predicting disease recurrence in a unique subset of patients. CONCLUSIONS ELK1 is a strong, independent prognosticator of disease recurrence in PCa, underscoring its unique role in PCa growth. Inclusion of ELK1 may enhance the utility of currently used prognosticators for clinical decision making in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Pardy
- Department of Oncology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Rayna Rosati
- Department of Oncology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Claire Soave
- Department of Oncology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Yanfang Huang
- Department of Oncology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Seongho Kim
- Department of Oncology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Manohar Ratnam
- Department of Oncology and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
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29
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Hovdestad WE, Shields M, Shaw A, Tonmyr L. Childhood maltreatment as a risk factor for cancer: findings from a population-based survey of Canadian adults. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:70. [PMID: 31996257 PMCID: PMC6990598 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-6481-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment (CM) is an established risk factor for various mental and substance use disorders. This study adds to existing evidence that CM may also be a risk factor for cancer. METHODS Based on data from a sample of 9783 men and 12,132 women from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey - Mental Health (CCHS-MH), this analysis explores mediated associations between cancer in adulthood and different levels of exposure to three types of CM-childhood physical abuse (CPA), childhood sexual abuse (CSA), and childhood exposure to intimate partner violence (CEIPV). "Cancer" was defined as an affirmative response to either of these questions: "Do you have cancer?" or "Have you ever been diagnosed with cancer?" The potential mediators were: smoking, depression, alcohol abuse/dependence, life stress, obesity, and physical activity. RESULTS For women, but not men, having experienced CM was significantly associated with a cancer diagnosis in adulthood, even when effects due to age and socio-demographic characteristics were controlled. Smoking, life stress, depression, and alcohol abuse/dependence reduced the strength of the association between CM and cancer in women. However, most associations remained statistically significant when controlling for effects due to these behavioural and other mediators. Evidence indicated a "dose-response" relationship, in that the likelihood of reporting cancer increased with the number of abuse types (CPA, CSA, CEIPV) reported, and with the severity of CPA. CONCLUSIONS The analyses suggest an association between CM and cancer in women, even when the effects of known risk factors were taken into account. The association was graded, becoming stronger as CM exposure increased. Implications for the provision of cancer screening and other health care services to women with histories of CM to reduce health disparities are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amanda Shaw
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lil Tonmyr
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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30
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Tucker D, Anderson M, Miller F, Vaz K, Anderson-Jackson L, McGrowder D. Dietary Antioxidants in the Chemoprevention of Prostate Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.85770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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31
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McAllister BJ. The association between ethnic background and prostate cancer. BRITISH JOURNAL OF NURSING (MARK ALLEN PUBLISHING) 2019; 28:S4-S10. [PMID: 31597062 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2019.28.18.s4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a complex disease which is more prevalent among men of black and minority ethnic (BME) background than their Caucasian counterparts, with men of African-Caribbean background experiencing higher levels of incidence and mortality than any other ethnic group. The reasons behind this health inequality are poorly understood and likely to be multifactorial. Several theories have been posited, including genetic disposition, poorer access to health care, a lack of understanding of the risks posed by prostate cancer and an unwillingness to access mainstream health care. There is, however, a notable disparity between the amount of literature focusing on prostate cancer as it affects those with a BME background and on prostate cancer in general. This further compounds the difficulties encountered by BME men, who rely on health professionals being aware of the greater risk they face. More knowledge and understanding is required by both the general population and medical practitioners to address this health inequality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bría J McAllister
- Urology Nurse Practitioner, Department of Urology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust
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32
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Sonier M, Appeldoorn C, Reinsberg S, Rose J, Ramaseshan R. Automated air kerma strength quality assurance of permanent seed implant prostate brachytherapy sources using vendor autoradiographs. Brachytherapy 2019; 18:539-545. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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33
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Phytochemicals in Prostate Cancer: From Bioactive Molecules to Upcoming Therapeutic Agents. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071483. [PMID: 31261861 PMCID: PMC6683070 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease, the second deadliest malignancy in men and the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men. Traditional plants have been applied to handle various diseases and to develop new drugs. Medicinal plants are potential sources of natural bioactive compounds that include alkaloids, phenolic compounds, terpenes, and steroids. Many of these naturally-occurring bioactive constituents possess promising chemopreventive properties. In this sense, the aim of the present review is to provide a detailed overview of the role of plant-derived phytochemicals in prostate cancers, including the contribution of plant extracts and its corresponding isolated compounds.
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34
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Rosati R, Polin L, Ducker C, Li J, Bao X, Selvakumar D, Kim S, Xhabija B, Larsen M, McFall T, Huang Y, Kidder BL, Fribley A, Saxton J, Kakuta H, Shaw P, Ratnam M. Strategy for Tumor-Selective Disruption of Androgen Receptor Function in the Spectrum of Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:6509-6522. [PMID: 30185422 PMCID: PMC6295231 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Testosterone suppression in prostate cancer is limited by serious side effects and resistance via restoration of androgen receptor (AR) functionality. ELK1 is required for AR-dependent growth in various hormone-dependent and castration-resistant prostate cancer models. The amino-terminal domain of AR docks at two sites on ELK1 to coactivate essential growth genes. This study explores the ability of small molecules to disrupt the ELK1-AR interaction in the spectrum of prostate cancer, inhibiting AR activity in a manner that would predict functional tumor selectivity. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Small-molecule drug discovery and extensive biological characterization of a lead compound. RESULTS We have discovered a lead molecule (KCI807) that selectively disrupts ELK1-dependent promoter activation by wild-type and variant ARs without interfering with ELK1 activation by ERK. KCI807 has an obligatory flavone scaffold and functional hydroxyl groups on C5 and C3'. KCI807 binds to AR, blocking ELK1 binding, and selectively blocks recruitment of AR to chromatin by ELK1. KCI807 primarily affects a subset of AR target growth genes selectively suppressing AR-dependent growth of prostate cancer cell lines with a better inhibitory profile than enzalutamide. KCI807 also inhibits in vivo growth of castration/enzalutamide-resistant cell line-derived and patient-derived tumor xenografts. In the rodent model, KCI807 has a plasma half-life of 6 hours, and maintenance of its antitumor effect is limited by self-induced metabolism at its 3'-hydroxyl. CONCLUSIONS The results offer a mechanism-based therapeutic paradigm for disrupting the AR growth-promoting axis in the spectrum of prostate tumors while reducing global suppression of testosterone actions. KCI807 offers a good lead molecule for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayna Rosati
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Lisa Polin
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Charles Ducker
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Xun Bao
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Dakshnamurthy Selvakumar
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Seongho Kim
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Besa Xhabija
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, Michigan
| | - Martha Larsen
- University of Michigan, Life Sciences Institute and Center for Chemical Genomics, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Thomas McFall
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Yanfang Huang
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Benjamin L Kidder
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Andrew Fribley
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Janice Saxton
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Hiroki Kakuta
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Peter Shaw
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Manohar Ratnam
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan.
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Ghiasy S, Abedi AR, Moradi A, Hosseini SY, Karkan MF, Sadri G, Davari M. Is active surveillance an appropriate approach to manage prostate cancer patients with Gleason Score 3+3 who met the criteria for active surveillance? Turk J Urol 2018; 45:261-264. [PMID: 30461380 DOI: 10.5152/tud.2018.72920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prostate cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in men worldwide. Nowadays it seems that Gleason Score 3+3 may not need definite treatment and some of the experts even ignore it as a cancer but we should be aware that in some patients with Gleason Score 3+3 there is a higher risk for harboring higher-grade cancer. We had done this study to evaluate patients with prostate cancer with Gleason Score 3+3 to determine the value of tumor volume in these cases. MATERIAL AND METHODS From September 2010 to October 2017, radical prostatectomy was done for 123 sequential patients with localized prostate cancer in two referral centers of Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran, and 42 cases with Gleason Scores 3+3 which who were candidates for active surveillance were included in the study. RESULTS Thirty of 42 (71.4%) patients had significant tumor volumes (≥0/5 cm3). When tumor volume was less than 0.5 cm3, none of the patients had extra prostatic tumor extension. In patients with tumor volume greater than 0.5 cm3, two cases (6.6%) had extra prostatic extension, 4 cases (13.3%) had positive margins, four cases (13.3%) reactive lymph nodes and 16 cases (53.3%) perineural invasion. CONCLUSION We suggest that some patients with Gleason Score 3+3 have tumor volume >0.5 cm3 who are considered having significant cancer pathology and active surveillance may not be appropriate approach to manage all cases with Gleason Score 3+3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Ghiasy
- Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center (irhrc), Shahid Beheshti Medical Science University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Abedi
- Department of Urology, Shohadae-tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Moradi
- Department of Pathology, Shohadae-tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Yousef Hosseini
- Department of Urology, Shahid Modares Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Fallah Karkan
- Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center (irhrc), Shahid Beheshti Medical Science University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazal Sadri
- Department of Radiology. Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Davari
- Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center (irhrc), Shahid Beheshti Medical Science University, Tehran, Iran
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Moon S, Jin J, Cheon SH, Park S, Kim SH. The influence of marital intimacy on urinary and sexual symptom experience among patients with prostate cancer: a cross-sectional study. Contemp Nurse 2018; 54:171-181. [PMID: 29658409 DOI: 10.1080/10376178.2018.1462092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the influence of how patients with prostate cancer perceive emotional support from their spouses on their treatment-related symptoms. AIMS To explore the influence of marital intimacy on urinary and sexual symptoms. METHODS The research participants were 42 men diagnosed with prostate cancer recruited from a convenience sample from a university hospital in South Korea. The Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite, the Korean Marital Intimacy Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used to measure variables of interest. RESULTS In the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, higher marital intimacy was associated with more favorable symptom in the urinary domain. In the sexual domain, none of the models were significant, and no influence was found for marital intimacy. CONCLUSIONS Marital intimacy, measured as perceived emotional support from spouses, was found to positively influence only the experience of urinary symptoms among South Korean men with prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongmi Moon
- a Department of Nursing , College of Medicine, University of Ulsan , Ulsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Juhye Jin
- b Department of Nursing , College of Health and Life Science, Korea National University of Transportation , Jeungpyeong-gun , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyeon Cheon
- c Department of Urology , Ulsan University HospitalUniversity of Ulsan , Ulsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchan Park
- c Department of Urology , Ulsan University HospitalUniversity of Ulsan , Ulsan , Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Kim
- d Seoul Women's College of Nursing , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Bilir B, Sharma NV, Lee J, Hammarstrom B, Svindland A, Kucuk O, Moreno CS. Effects of genistein supplementation on genome‑wide DNA methylation and gene expression in patients with localized prostate cancer. Int J Oncol 2017; 51:223-234. [PMID: 28560383 PMCID: PMC5467777 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that dietary compounds have significant effects on prostate carcinogenesis. Among dietary agents, genistein, the major isoflavone in soybean, is of particular interest because high consumption of soy products has been associated with a low incidence of prostate cancer, suggesting a preventive role of genistein in prostate cancer. In spite of numerous studies to understand the effects of genistein on prostate cancer, the mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated. We investigated the differences in methylation and gene expression levels of prostate specimens from a clinical trial of genistein supplementation prior to prostatectomy using Illumina HumanMethylation450 and Illumina HumanHT-12 v4 Expression BeadChip Microarrays. The present study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial on Norwegian patients who received 30 mg genistein or placebo capsules daily for 3–6 weeks before prostatectomy. Gene expression changes were validated by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Whole genome methylation and expression profiling identified differentially methylated sites and expressed genes between placebo and genistein groups. Differentially regulated genes were involved in developmental processes, stem cell markers, proliferation and transcriptional regulation. Enrichment analysis suggested overall reduction in MYC activity and increased PTEN activity in genistein-treated patients. These findings highlight the effects of genistein on global changes in gene expression in prostate cancer and its effects on molecular pathways involved in prostate tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birdal Bilir
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nitya V Sharma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jeongseok Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bato Hammarstrom
- Department of Urology, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aud Svindland
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carlos S Moreno
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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38
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Pinks D, Davis C, Pinks C. Experiences of partners of prostate cancer survivors: A qualitative study. J Psychosoc Oncol 2017; 36:49-63. [PMID: 28506193 DOI: 10.1080/07347332.2017.1329769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer, Australia's leading cancer, has treatment side effects that reduce the quality of life for both survivors and partners. Limited partner research exists. This study aimed to address this gap in the literature by gathering data directly from partners to obtain a deeper understanding of their experiences of prostate cancer survivorship that helps inform healthcare service providers. A qualitative approach was taken to explore participant views (N = 16) through three focus groups and two in-depth interviews. Five themes emerged relating to caregiver burden, knowledge deficit, isolation, changes of sexual relations, and unmet needs. Possible implications for practice may include the need for specific partner-related information and interventions to assist couples to cope with the emotional distress caused by treatment side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Pinks
- a School of Social Sciences , University of the Sunshine Coast , Sippy Downs , Australia
| | - Cindy Davis
- b Faculty of Arts, Business, and Law , University of the Sunshine Coast , Sippy Downs , Australia
| | - Clair Pinks
- a School of Social Sciences , University of the Sunshine Coast , Sippy Downs , Australia
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40
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Park SG, Kim SH, Kim KY, Yu SN, Choi HD, Kim YW, Nam HW, Seo YK, Ahn SC. Toyocamycin induces apoptosis via the crosstalk between reactive oxygen species and p38/ERK MAPKs signaling pathway in human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 69:90-96. [PMID: 27912102 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toyocamycin, an antibiotic agent isolated from Streptomyces species, has been shown to have anticancer and chemopreventive effects on various cancer cells. Until now, Toyocamycin-induced apoptosis has not been reported to be involved in the regulation between mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. METHODS Cell viability assay, western blot, cell-cycle arrest, annexin V/propidium iodide assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential and intracellular Ca2+ flux were assayed. RESULTS We investigated the apoptotic effect of Toyocamycin and the underlying molecular mechanism in prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Toyocamycin treatment resulted in reduced cell viability of PC-3 cells, but not of non-malignant RWPE-1 cells. Toyocamycin enhanced apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ROS production in PC-3 cells. In addition, MAPK proteins were activated upon Toyocamycin treatment. The p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) activities were regulated by ROS-mediated signaling pathway underlying the Toyocamycin-induced apoptosis. Pretreatment with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) recovered the Toyocamycin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS, and apoptosis. Additionally, p38 stimulated ROS production and inhibitory effects on ERK activation, while ERK inhibited the ROS production and had no effect on p38 activation. CONCLUSION ROS-mediated activation of p38/ERK partially contributes to Toyocamycin-induced apoptosis, and p38/ERK MAPKs regulate the ROS production in PC-3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sul-Gi Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yagnsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yagnsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Department of Herbal Formula, Medical Research Center (MRC-GHF), College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Nyoung Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yagnsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun-Deok Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yagnsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Wook Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yagnsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Won Nam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yagnsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kyo Seo
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yagnsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
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41
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Tonry CL, Leacy E, Raso C, Finn SP, Armstrong J, Pennington SR. The Role of Proteomics in Biomarker Development for Improved Patient Diagnosis and Clinical Decision Making in Prostate Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2016; 6:E27. [PMID: 27438858 PMCID: PMC5039561 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics6030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate Cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. Although increased expression of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is an effective indicator for the recurrence of PCa, its intended use as a screening marker for PCa is of considerable controversy. Recent research efforts in the field of PCa biomarkers have focused on the identification of tissue and fluid-based biomarkers that would be better able to stratify those individuals diagnosed with PCa who (i) might best receive no treatment (active surveillance of the disease); (ii) would benefit from existing treatments; or (iii) those who are likely to succumb to disease recurrence and/or have aggressive disease. The growing demand for better prostate cancer biomarkers has coincided with the development of improved discovery and evaluation technologies for multiplexed measurement of proteins in bio-fluids and tissues. This review aims to (i) provide an overview of these technologies as well as describe some of the candidate PCa protein biomarkers that have been discovered using them; (ii) address some of the general limitations in the clinical evaluation and validation of protein biomarkers; and (iii) make recommendations for strategies that could be adopted to improve the successful development of protein biomarkers to deliver improvements in personalized PCa patient decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Tonry
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Emma Leacy
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Cinzia Raso
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Stephen P Finn
- School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | | | - Stephen R Pennington
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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42
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Pascoe EC, Edvardsson D. Which coping strategies can predict beneficial feelings associated with prostate cancer? J Clin Nurs 2016; 25:2569-78. [DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Pascoe
- School of Nursing and Midwifery; La Trobe University; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - David Edvardsson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery; La Trobe University; Melbourne Vic. Australia
- Department of Nursing; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
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43
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Pereira RA, Costa RS, Muglia VF, Silva FF, Lajes JS, Dos Reis RB, Silva GE. Gleason score and tumor laterality in radical prostatectomy and transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate: a comparative study. Asian J Androl 2016; 17:815-20. [PMID: 25652629 PMCID: PMC4577597 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.146970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to compare Gleason score and tumor laterality between transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate (TRUSBX) and radical prostatectomy (RP). Some factors that could cause a discrepancy in results between these two procedures were also evaluated. Among the 318 cases reviewed, 191 cases were selected for inclusion in this comparative study. We divided the patients into two groups using the Gleason score: an intermediate/high-grade group (≥7) and a low-grade group (<6). Exploratory analyses were conducted for comparisons between groups. We also performed comparisons between TRUSBX and RP for tumor laterality. TRUSBX overestimated 6% and underestimated 24% cases in comparison with RP for Gleason score, and overestimated 2.6% and underestimated 46% cases compared with RP for tumor laterality. Biopsy specimens were slightly smaller in TRUSBX cases with underestimated tumor laterality (P < 0.05), and no relationship between the biopsy specimen size and underestimated Gleason score in TRUSBX was found. Prostatic volume showed no statistical correlation with the likelihood of under or overestimation (P > 0.05). Thus, our study showed that TRUSBX has a high likelihood of underestimating both the Gleason score and tumor laterality in prostate cancer (PCa). The size of the fragment appears to be an important factor influencing the likelihood of laterality underestimation and Gleason score overestimation via TRUSBX. Due to the high likelihood of underestimation of the Gleason score and tumor laterality by 12-core prostate biopsy, we conclude that this type of biopsy should not be used alone to guide therapy in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gyl Eb Silva
- Department of Pathology, Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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44
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Simpson
- Uro-Oncology Nurse Specialist, Kent and Canterbury Hospital, East Kent Hospitals University Foundation Trust
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46
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Wu C, Huang W, Guo Y, Xia P, Sun X, Pan X, Hu W. Oxymatrine inhibits the proliferation of prostate cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:4129-34. [PMID: 25672672 PMCID: PMC4394963 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxymatrine is an alkaloid, which is derived from the traditional Chinese herb, Sophora flavescens Aiton. Oxymatrine has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anticancer properties. The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of oxymatrine in human prostate cancer cells, and the underlying molecular mechanisms of these effects. An MTT assay demonstrated that oxymatrine significantly inhibited the proliferation of prostate cancer cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. In addition, flow cytometry and a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling assay suggested that oxymatrine treatment may induce prostate cancer cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated a significant increase in the expression of p53 and bax, and a significant decrease in that of Bcl-2, in prostrate cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo analysis demonstrated that oxymatrine inhibited tumor growth following subcutaneous inoculation of prostate cancer cells into nude mice. The results of the present study suggested that the antitumor properties of oxymatrine, may be associated with the inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of apoptosis, via the regulation of apoptosis-associated gene expression. Therefore, the results may provide a novel approach for the development of prostate cancer therapy using oxymatrine, which is derived from the traditional Chinese herb, Sophora flavescens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunzao Wu
- Graduate School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Huang
- Graduate School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yong Guo
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325013, P.R. China
| | - Peng Xia
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325013, P.R. China
| | - Xianbin Sun
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Pan
- Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325013, P.R. China
| | - Weilie Hu
- Graduate School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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47
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Cai ZK, Chen Q, Chen YB, Gu M, Zheng DC, Zhou J, Wang Z. microRNA-155 promotes the proliferation of prostate cancer cells by targeting annexin 7. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:533-8. [PMID: 25339368 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro (mi)RNAs are a group of small non-coding RNA molecules that have been demonstrated to regulate the expression of genes involved in tumorigenesis. The relevance of microRNAs in the development, progression and prognosis of prostate cancer is not fully understood. miR-155 has been implicated in the induction of breast, lung and liver cancer, but its role in prostate cancer has not been investigated. In the present study, the biological function of miR-155 was investigated in prostate cancer for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. It was demonstrated that the expression of miR-155 was upregulated in prostate cancer tissues and cell lines as determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-155 promoted cell proliferation, as indicated by MTT assay. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that inhibition of miR-155 induced cell cycle arrest and promoted apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. In addition, western blot analysis indicated that annexin (ANX)7 was significantly downregulated in prostate cancer tissues and cells. A luciferase reporter assay indicated that ANX7 was a target of miR-155, which suggested that miRNA-155 promoted the proliferation of prostate cancer cells by regulating ANX7 expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Kang Cai
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Bo Chen
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Meng Gu
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Da-Chao Zheng
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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Abstract
For men with prostate cancer (PC), patient care and treatment recommendations should not focus solely on the disease but should also take into account the views of the patient. The diagnosis and consequences of monitoring or treatment should be fully explained. Recommending Active Surveillance (AS) for the monitoring of a proven low-risk, low-volume prostate cancer should ensure that the psychological impact of AS is taken into account and included in a holistic approach to patient and disease management. This article is a rapid literature search relating to AS, and how the psychological impact of a cancer diagnosis may influence patient choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Simpson
- Uro-Oncology Specialist Nurse at East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Kent and Canterbury Hospital
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49
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Pereira RA, Ravinal RC, Costa RS, Lima MS, Tucci S, Muglia VF, Reis RBD, Silva GEB. Cyclin D1 expression in prostate carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 47:515-21. [PMID: 24820071 PMCID: PMC4086179 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20143240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between cyclin D1 expression and clinicopathological parameters in patients with prostate carcinoma. We assessed cyclin D1 expression by conventional immunohistochemistry in 85 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for prostate carcinoma and 10 normal prostate tissue samples retrieved from autopsies. We measured nuclear immunostaining in the entire tumor area and based the results on the percentage of positive tumor cells. The preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level was 8.68±5.16 ng/mL (mean±SD). Cyclin D1 staining was positive (cyclin D1 expression in >5% of tumor cells) in 64 cases (75.4%) and negative (cyclin D1 expression in ≤5% of tumor cells) in 21 cases (including 15 cases with no immunostaining). Normal prostate tissues were negative for cyclin D1. Among patients with a high-grade Gleason score (≥7), 86% of patients demonstrated cyclin D1 immunostaining of >5% (P<0.05). In the crude analysis of cyclin D1 expression, the high-grade Gleason score group showed a mean expression of 39.6%, compared to 26.9% in the low-grade Gleason score group (P<0.05). Perineural invasion tended to be associated with cyclin D1 expression (P=0.07), whereas cyclin D1 expression was not associated with PSA levels or other parameters. Our results suggest that high cyclin D1 expression could be a potential marker for tumor aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Pereira
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - R C Ravinal
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - R S Costa
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - M S Lima
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - S Tucci
- Divisão de Urologia, Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - V F Muglia
- Departamento de Medicina Interna (Centro de Ciência da Imagem), Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - R B dos Reis
- Divisão de Urologia, Departamento de Cirurgia e Anatomia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
| | - G E B Silva
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
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50
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Disodium pentaborate decahydrate (DPD) induced apoptosis by decreasing hTERT enzyme activity and disrupting F-actin organization of prostate cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:1531-8. [PMID: 24122279 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1212-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal and cell culture studies have showed that boron and its derivatives may be promising anticancer agents in prostate cancer treatment. Thus, DU145 cells were treated with disodium pentaborate decahydrate (DPD) for 24, 48, and 72 h in order to investigate the inhibitor effect and mechanisms of DPD. Then, cell proliferation, telomerase enzyme activity, actin polymerization, and apoptosis were detected by WST-1 assay, qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence labeling, and flow cytometry, respectively. We found that DPD inhibited the growth of human prostate cancer cell line DU145 at the concentration of 3.5 mM for 24 h. Our results demonstrated that 7 mM of DPD treatment prevented the telomerase enzyme activity at the rate of 38 %. Furthermore, DPD has an apoptotic effect on DU145 cells which were examined by labeling DNA breaks. With 7 mM of DPD treatment, 8, 14, and 41 % of apoptotic cells were detected for 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Additionally, immunofluorescence labeling showed that the normal organization of actin filaments was disrupted in DPD-exposed cells, which is accompanied by the alteration of cell shape and by apoptosis in targeted cells. Taken together, the results indicate that DPD may exert its cytotoxicity at least partly by interfering with the dynamic properties of actin polymerization and decreasing the telomerase activity. Eventually, for the first time, the results of this study showed that DPD suppressed the activity of telomerase in DU145 cells, and therefore, we suggested that DPD could be an important agent for its therapeutic potential in the treatment of prostate cancer.
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