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Guo L, Sun H, Pu J. GNAI3 mediated by Lin28A regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and osteogenic differentiation in periodontal stem cells by mediating the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 163:105974. [PMID: 38636252 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the regulatory role of G protein subunit alpha i3 (GNAI3) in periodontitis. DESIGN Following the induction of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the mRNA and protein expressions of GNAI3 and Lin28A were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot. The transfection efficiency of Oe-GNAI3 and sh-Lin28A was examined by virtue of RT-qPCR and western blot. With the application of ELISA and flow cytometry, the releases of inflammatory cytokines and cell apoptosis were appraised. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red S (ARS) staining were conducted to evaluate osteogenic differentiation. Next, the binding ability of Lin28A with GNAI3 mRNA was estimated by radioimmunoprecipitation (RIP) assay while the stability of GNAI3 mRNA was assessed utilizing RT-qPCR. Western blot was employed for the measurement of inflammation-, apoptosis- and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB)/NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway-related proteins and osteogenic markers. RESULTS The expression of GNAI3 was down-regulated in LPS-induced hPDLSCs. After the transfection with Oe-GNAI3, the inflammation and apoptosis in LPS-induced hPDLSCs were inhibited while osteogenic differentiation was promoted. Moreover, Lin28A could stabilize GNAI3 mRNA and Lin28A knockdown significantly reduced GNAI3 expression. Further experiments verified that the inhibitory effects of GNAI3 overexpression on LPS-induced cellular inflammation and cell apoptosis as well as the promotive effects on osteogenic differentiation in hPDLSCs were all partially counteracted by Lin28A depletion, which may possibly be mediated via the regulation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. CONCLUSION GNAI3 that mediated by Lin28A regulates the inflammation and osteogenic differentiation in LPS-induced hPDLSCs by mediating the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Guo
- Stomatology Clinic, MeiZhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, Guangdong 514000, China.
| | - Hua Sun
- Stomatology Clinic, MeiZhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, Guangdong 514000, China
| | - Jiao Pu
- Stomatology Clinic, MeiZhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, Guangdong 514000, China
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2
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Wu X, Shi M, Chen Y, Lian Y, Fang S, Zhang H. Effect and Mechanism of LIN28 on Ferroptosis in Mg 2+-free Rat Hippocampal Neuron Model of Epilepsy. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1655-1664. [PMID: 38217758 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04101-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that LIN28 is expressed in the CNS and may exert protective effects on neurons. However, it remains unknown whether LIN28 regulates ferroptosis in the context of epilepsy. In this study, we established an epilepsy model by culturing hippocampal neurons from rats in a magnesium-free (Mg2+-free) medium. In Mg2+-depleted conditions, hippocampal neurons exhibited reduced LIN28 expression, heightened miR-142-5p expression, decreased glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity and expression, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), resulting in a significant decline in cell viability and an increase in ferroptosis. Conversely, overexpression of LIN28 reversed these trends in the mentioned indices. Altogether, this study reveals that LIN28 may exert neuroprotective effects by inhibiting the miR-142-5p expression and suppressing ferroptosis in hippocampal neurons induced by Mg2+-free via increasing GPX4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Mengmeng Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Yajun Lian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China
| | - Shaokuan Fang
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
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3
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Wang F, Zhou C, Zhu Y, Keshavarzi M. The microRNA Let-7 and its exosomal form: Epigenetic regulators of gynecological cancers. Cell Biol Toxicol 2024; 40:42. [PMID: 38836981 PMCID: PMC11153289 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-024-09884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Many types of gynecological cancer (GC) are often silent until they reach an advanced stage, and are therefore often diagnosed too late for effective treatment. Hence, there is a real need for more efficient diagnosis and treatment for patients with GC. During recent years, researchers have increasingly studied the impact of microRNAs cancer development, leading to a number of applications in detection and treatment. MicroRNAs are a particular group of tiny RNA molecules that regulate regular gene expression by affecting the translation process. The downregulation of numerous miRNAs has been observed in human malignancies. Let-7 is an example of a miRNA that controls cellular processes as well as signaling cascades to affect post-transcriptional gene expression. Recent research supports the hypothesis that enhancing let-7 expression in those cancers where it is downregulated may be a potential treatment option. Exosomes are tiny vesicles that move through body fluids and can include components like miRNAs (including let-7) that are important for communication between cells. Studies proved that exosomes are able to enhance tumor growth, angiogenesis, chemoresistance, metastasis, and immune evasion, thus suggesting their importance in GC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chundi Zhou
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Haiyan People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Jiaxing, 314300, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Maryam Keshavarzi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Rosenblum SL, Soueid DM, Giambasu G, Vander Roest S, Pasternak A, DiMauro EF, Simov V, Garner AL. Live cell screening to identify RNA-binding small molecule inhibitors of the pre-let-7-Lin28 RNA-protein interaction. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1539-1546. [PMID: 38784453 PMCID: PMC11110735 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00123k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the networking of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and RNAs drives many human diseases, including cancers, and the targeting of RNA-protein interactions (RPIs) has emerged as an exciting area of RNA-targeted drug discovery. Accordingly, methods that enable the discovery of cell-active small molecule modulators of RPIs are needed to propel this emerging field forward. Herein, we describe the application of live-cell assay technology, RNA interaction with protein-mediated complementation assay (RiPCA), for high-throughput screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of the pre-let-7d-Lin28A RPI. Utilizing a combination of RNA-biased small molecules and virtual screening hits, we discovered an RNA-binding small molecule that can disrupt the pre-let-7-Lin28 interaction demonstrating the potential of RiPCA for advancing RPI-targeted drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney L Rosenblum
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan 210 Washtenaw Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Dalia M Soueid
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520 Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - George Giambasu
- Computational Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc. Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Steve Vander Roest
- Center for Chemical Genomics, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan 210 Washtenaw Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | | | - Erin F DiMauro
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc. Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Vladimir Simov
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc. Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Amanda L Garner
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan 210 Washtenaw Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520 Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
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5
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Seo Y, Rhim J, Kim JH. RNA-binding proteins and exoribonucleases modulating miRNA in cancer: the enemy within. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1080-1106. [PMID: 38689093 PMCID: PMC11148060 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in the investigation of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis and the miRNA processing machinery has revealed previously unknown roles of posttranscriptional regulation in gene expression. The molecular mechanistic interplay between miRNAs and their regulatory factors, RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and exoribonucleases, has been revealed to play a critical role in tumorigenesis. Moreover, recent studies have shown that the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-causing hepatitis C virus (HCV) is also characterized by close crosstalk of a multitude of host RBPs and exoribonucleases with miR-122 and its RNA genome, suggesting the importance of the mechanistic interplay among these factors during the proliferation of HCV. This review primarily aims to comprehensively describe the well-established roles and discuss the recently discovered understanding of miRNA regulators, RBPs and exoribonucleases, in relation to various cancers and the proliferation of a representative cancer-causing RNA virus, HCV. These have also opened the door to the emerging potential for treating cancers as well as HCV infection by targeting miRNAs or their respective cellular modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoona Seo
- Cancer Molecular Biology Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
| | - Jiho Rhim
- Cancer Molecular Biology Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea
| | - Jong Heon Kim
- Cancer Molecular Biology Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea.
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 10408, Korea.
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6
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Hayakawa K, Zhou Y, Shinton SA. B-1 derived anti-Thy-1 B cells in old aged mice develop lymphoma/leukemia with high expression of CD11b and Hamp2 that different from TCL1 transgenic mice. Immun Ageing 2024; 21:22. [PMID: 38570827 PMCID: PMC10988983 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-024-00415-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Human old aged unmutated chronic lymphocytic leukemia U-CLL are the TCL1+ZAP70+CD5+ B cells. Since CD5 makes the BCR signaling tolerance, ZAP70 increased in U-CLL not only TCL1+ alone. In mice, TCL1 (TCL1A) is the negative from neonate to old aged, as TC-. VH8-12/Vk21-5 is the anti-thymocyte/Thy-1 autoreactive ATA B cell. When ATA μκTg generation in mice, ATA B cells are the neonate generated CD5+ B cells in B-1, and in the middle age, CD5+ can be down or continuously CD5+, then, old aged CLL/lymphoma generation with increased CD11b in TC-ZAP70-CD5- or TC-ZAP70+CD5+. In this old aged TC-ATA B microarray analysis showed most similar to human CLL and U-CLL, and TC-ZAP70+CD5+ showed certain higher present as U-CLL. Original neonate ATA B cells showed with several genes down or further increase in old aged tumor, and old aged T-bet+CD11c+, CTNNB1hi, HMGBhi, CXCR4hi, DPP4hi and decreased miR181b. These old aged increased genes and down miR181b are similar to human CLL. Also, in old age ATA B cell tumor, high CD38++CD44++, increased Ki67+ AID+, and decreased CD180- miR15Olow are similar to U-CLL. In this old aged ATA B, increased TLR7,9 and Wnt10b. TC+Tg generated with ATAμκTg mice occurred middle age tumor as TC+ZAP70-CD5+ or TC+ZAP70+CD5+, with high NF-kB1, TLR4,6 and Wnt5b,6 without increased CD11b. Since neonatal state to age with TC+Tg continuously, middle age CLL/lymphoma generation is not similar to old aged generated, however, some increased in TC+ZAP70+ are similar to the old age TC- ATA B tumor. Then, TC- ATA B old age tumor showed some difference to human CLL. ATA B cells showed CD11b+CD22++, CD24 down, and hepcidin Hamp2++ with iron down. This mouse V8-12 similar to human V2-5, and V2-5 showed several cancers with macrophages/neutrophils generated hepcidin+ ironlow or some showed hepcidin- iron+ with tumor, and mouse V8-12 with different Vk19-17 generate MZ B cells strongly increased macrophage++ in old aged and generated intestine/colon tumor. Conclusion, neonate generated TC-ATA B1 cells in old aged tumor generation are CD11b+ in the leukemia CLL together with lymphoma cancer with hepcidin-related Hamp2++ in B-1 cell generation to control iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Hayakawa
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave., Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA.
| | - Yan Zhou
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave., Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
| | - Susan A Shinton
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Ave., Philadelphia, PA, 19111, USA
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7
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Oyejobi GK, Yan X, Sliz P, Wang L. Regulating Protein-RNA Interactions: Advances in Targeting the LIN28/Let-7 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3585. [PMID: 38612395 PMCID: PMC11011352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Originally discovered in C. elegans, LIN28 is an evolutionarily conserved zinc finger RNA-binding protein (RBP) that post-transcriptionally regulates genes involved in developmental timing, stem cell programming, and oncogenesis. LIN28 acts via two distinct mechanisms. It blocks the biogenesis of the lethal-7 (let-7) microRNA (miRNA) family, and also directly binds messenger RNA (mRNA) targets, such as IGF-2 mRNA, and alters downstream splicing and translation events. This review focuses on the molecular mechanism of LIN28 repression of let-7 and current strategies to overcome this blockade for the purpose of cancer therapy. We highlight the value of the LIN28/let-7 pathway as a drug target, as multiple oncogenic proteins that the pathway regulates are considered undruggable due to their inaccessible cellular location and lack of cavities for small molecule binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greater Kayode Oyejobi
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (G.K.O.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiaodan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (G.K.O.); (X.Y.)
| | - Piotr Sliz
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Longfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (G.K.O.); (X.Y.)
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8
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Li Y, Mendoza-Castrejon J, Patel RM, Casey EB, Denby E, Bryder D, Magee JA. LIN28B promotes differentiation of fully transformed AML cells but is dispensable for fetal leukemia suppression. Leukemia 2024; 38:648-651. [PMID: 38321106 PMCID: PMC10912017 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02167-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Jonny Mendoza-Castrejon
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Riddhi M Patel
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Emily B Casey
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Elisabeth Denby
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - David Bryder
- Division of Molecular Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jeffrey A Magee
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
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9
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Dehay C, Huttner WB. Development and evolution of the primate neocortex from a progenitor cell perspective. Development 2024; 151:dev199797. [PMID: 38369736 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The generation of neurons in the developing neocortex is a major determinant of neocortex size. Crucially, the increase in cortical neuron numbers in the primate lineage, notably in the upper-layer neurons, contributes to increased cognitive abilities. Here, we review major evolutionary changes affecting the apical progenitors in the ventricular zone and focus on the key germinal zone constituting the foundation of neocortical neurogenesis in primates, the outer subventricular zone (OSVZ). We summarize characteristic features of the OSVZ and its key stem cell type, the basal (or outer) radial glia. Next, we concentrate on primate-specific and human-specific genes, expressed in OSVZ-progenitors, the ability of which to amplify these progenitors by targeting the regulation of the cell cycle ultimately underlies the evolutionary increase in upper-layer neurons. Finally, we address likely differences in neocortical development between present-day humans and Neanderthals that are based on human-specific amino acid substitutions in proteins operating in cortical progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colette Dehay
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Wieland B Huttner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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10
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Tan T, Gao B, Yu H, Pan H, Sun Z, Lei A, Zhang L, Lu H, Wu H, Daley GQ, Feng Y, Zhang J. Dynamic nucleolar phase separation influenced by non-canonical function of LIN28A instructs pluripotent stem cell fate decisions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1256. [PMID: 38341436 PMCID: PMC10858886 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45451-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
LIN28A is important in somatic reprogramming and pluripotency regulation. Although previous studies addressed that LIN28A can repress let-7 microRNA maturation in the cytoplasm, few focused on its role within the nucleus. Here, we show that the nucleolus-localized LIN28A protein undergoes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and in vitro. The RNA binding domains (RBD) and intrinsically disordered regions (IDR) of LIN28A contribute to LIN28A and the other nucleolar proteins' phase-separated condensate establishment. S120A, S200A and R192G mutations in the IDR result in subcellular mislocalization of LIN28A and abnormal nucleolar phase separation. Moreover, we find that the naive-to-primed pluripotency state conversion and the reprogramming are associated with dynamic nucleolar remodeling, which depends on LIN28A's phase separation capacity, because the LIN28A IDR point mutations abolish its role in regulating nucleolus and in these cell fate decision processes, and an exogenous IDR rescues it. These findings shed light on the nucleolar function in pluripotent stem cell states and on a non-canonical RNA-independent role of LIN28A in phase separation and cell fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Tan
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Biophysics, and Department of Infectious Disease of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Hongru Pan
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Anhua Lei
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Hengxing Lu
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George Q Daley
- Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Biophysics, and Department of Infectious Disease of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Center of Gene/Cell Engineering and Genome Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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11
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Tao Y, Zhang Q, Wang H, Yang X, Mu H. Alternative splicing and related RNA binding proteins in human health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:26. [PMID: 38302461 PMCID: PMC10835012 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01734-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) serves as a pivotal mechanism in transcriptional regulation, engendering transcript diversity, and modifications in protein structure and functionality. Across varying tissues, developmental stages, or under specific conditions, AS gives rise to distinct splice isoforms. This implies that these isoforms possess unique temporal and spatial roles, thereby associating AS with standard biological activities and diseases. Among these, AS-related RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play an instrumental role in regulating alternative splicing events. Under physiological conditions, the diversity of proteins mediated by AS influences the structure, function, interaction, and localization of proteins, thereby participating in the differentiation and development of an array of tissues and organs. Under pathological conditions, alterations in AS are linked with various diseases, particularly cancer. These changes can lead to modifications in gene splicing patterns, culminating in changes or loss of protein functionality. For instance, in cancer, abnormalities in AS and RBPs may result in aberrant expression of cancer-associated genes, thereby promoting the onset and progression of tumors. AS and RBPs are also associated with numerous neurodegenerative diseases and autoimmune diseases. Consequently, the study of AS across different tissues holds significant value. This review provides a detailed account of the recent advancements in the study of alternative splicing and AS-related RNA-binding proteins in tissue development and diseases, which aids in deepening the understanding of gene expression complexity and offers new insights and methodologies for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 200000, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 200000, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiyu Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 200000, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoran Mu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200000, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, 200000, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Liu C, Chen H, Cao S, Guo J, Liu Z, Long S. RNA-binding MSI proteins and their related cancers: A medicinal chemistry perspective. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107044. [PMID: 38134522 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Musashi1 and Musashi2 are RNA-binding proteins originally found in drosophila, in which they play a crucial developmental role. These proteins are pivotal in the maintenance and differentiation of stem cells in other organisms. Research has confirmed that the Musashi proteins are highly involved in cell signal-transduction pathways such as Notch and TGF-β. These signaling pathways are related to the induction and development of cancers, such as breast cancer, leukemia, hepatoma and liver cancer. In this review we focus on how Musashi proteins interact with molecules in different signaling pathways in various cancers and how they affect the physiological functions of these pathways. We further illustrate the status quo of Musashi proteins-targeted therapies and predict the target RNA regions that Musashi proteins interact with, in the hope of exploring the prospect of the design of Musashi protein-targeted medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1(st) Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China
| | - Haiyan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1(st) Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China
| | - Shuang Cao
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1(st) Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China
| | - Ju Guo
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1(st) Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China
| | - Ziwei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1(st) Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China.
| | - Sihui Long
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Advanced Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 1(st) Rd Optics Valley, East Lake New Technology Development District, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China.
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13
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Subramanian M, Mills WT, Paranjpe MD, Onuchukwu US, Inamdar M, Maytin AR, Li X, Pomerantz JL, Meffert MK. Growth-suppressor microRNAs mediate synaptic overgrowth and behavioral deficits in Fragile X mental retardation protein deficiency. iScience 2024; 27:108676. [PMID: 38235335 PMCID: PMC10792201 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Abnormal neuronal and synapse growth is a core pathology resulting from deficiency of the Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), but molecular links underlying the excessive synthesis of key synaptic proteins remain incompletely defined. We find that basal brain levels of the growth suppressor let-7 microRNA (miRNA) family are selectively lowered in FMRP-deficient mice and activity-dependent let-7 downregulation is abrogated. Primary let-7 miRNA transcripts are not altered in FMRP-deficiency and posttranscriptional misregulation occurs downstream of MAPK pathway induction and elevation of Lin28a, a let-7 biogenesis inhibitor. Neonatal restoration of brain let-7 miRNAs corrects hallmarks of FMRP-deficiency, including dendritic spine overgrowth and social and cognitive behavioral deficits, in adult mice. Blockade of MAPK hyperactivation normalizes let-7 miRNA levels in both brain and peripheral blood plasma from Fmr1 KO mice. These results implicate dysregulated let-7 miRNA biogenesis in the pathogenesis of FMRP-deficiency, and highlight let-7 miRNA-based strategies for future biomarker and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Subramanian
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - William T. Mills
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Manish D. Paranjpe
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Uche S. Onuchukwu
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Manasi Inamdar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Amanda R. Maytin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Xinbei Li
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Joel L. Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mollie K. Meffert
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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14
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Jung S, Ko SH, Ahn N, Lee J, Park CH, Hwang J. Role of UPF1-LIN28A interaction during early differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. Nat Commun 2024; 15:158. [PMID: 38167913 PMCID: PMC10762078 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44600-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
UPF1 and LIN28A are RNA-binding proteins involved in post-transcriptional regulation and stem cell differentiation. Most studies on UPF1 and LIN28A have focused on the molecular mechanisms of differentiated cells and stem cell differentiation, respectively. We reveal that LIN28A directly interacts with UPF1 before UPF1-UPF2 complexing, thereby reducing UPF1 phosphorylation and inhibiting nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). We identify the interacting domains of UPF1 and LIN28A; moreover, we develop a peptide that impairs UPF1-LIN28A interaction and augments NMD efficiency. Transcriptome analysis of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) confirms that the levels of NMD targets are significantly regulated by both UPF1 and LIN28A. Inhibiting the UPF1-LIN28A interaction using a CPP-conjugated peptide promotes spontaneous differentiation by repressing the pluripotency of hPSCs during proliferation. Furthermore, the UPF1-LIN28A interaction specifically regulates transcripts involved in ectodermal differentiation. Our study reveals that transcriptome regulation via the UPF1-LIN28A interaction in hPSCs determines cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwon Jung
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Ko
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Narae Ahn
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinsam Lee
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Park
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Jungwook Hwang
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science & Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
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15
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Suzuki K, Kwon SJ, Saito D, Atsuta Y. LIN28 is essential for the maintenance of chicken primordial germ cells. Cells Dev 2023; 176:203874. [PMID: 37453484 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2023.203874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of stem cell maintenance underlies the establishment of long-term and mass culture methods for stem cells that are fundamental for clinical and agricultural applications. In this study, we use chicken primordial germ cell (PGC) as a model to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying stem cell maintenance. The PGC is a useful experimental model because it is readily gene-manipulatable and easy to test gene function in vivo using transplantation. Previous studies to establish a long-term culture system have shown that secreted factors such as FGF2 are required to maintain the self-renewal capability of PGC. On the other hand, we know little about intracellular regulators responsible for PGC maintenance. Among representative stem cell factors, we focus on RNA-binding factors LIN28A and LIN28B as possible central regulators for the gene regulatory network essential to PGC maintenance. By taking advantage of the CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing and a clonal culture technique, we find that both LIN28A and LIN28B regulate the proliferation of PGC in vitro. We further showed that colonization efficiency of grafted PGC at the genital ridges, rudiments for the gonads, of chicken embryos were significantly decreased by knockout (KO) of LIN28A or LIN28B. Of note, overexpression of human LIN28 in LIN28-KO PGC was sufficient to restore the low colonization rates, suggesting that LIN28 plays a key role in PGC colonization at the gonads. Transcriptomic analyses of LIN28-KO PGC reveal that several genes related to mesenchymal traits are upregulated, including EGR1, a transcription factor that promotes the differentiation of mesodermal tissues. Finally, we show that the forced expression of human EGR1 deteriorates replication activity and colonization efficiency of PGCs. Taken together, this work demonstrates that LIN28 maintains self-renewal of PGC by suppressing the expression of differentiation genes including EGR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Suzuki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Seung June Kwon
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daisuke Saito
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yuji Atsuta
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
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16
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Yang K, Cui S, Wang J, Xu T, Du H, Yue H, Ye H, Guo J, Zhang J, Li P, Guo Y, Pan C, Pang J, Wang J, Yu X, Zhang C, Liu Z, Chen Y, Xu F. Early Progression of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm is Decelerated by Improved Endothelial Barrier Function via ALDH2-LIN28B-ELK3 Signaling. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302231. [PMID: 37822152 PMCID: PMC10646281 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of endothelial barrier function in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and its upstream regulators remains unknown. Single-cell RNA sequencing shows that disrupted endothelial focal junction is an early (3 days) and persistent (28 days) event during Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced AAA progression. Consistently, mRNA sequencing on human aortic dissection tissues confirmed downregulated expression of endothelial barrier-related genes. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2), a negative regulator of AAA, is found to be upregulated in the intimal media of AAA samples, leading to testing its role in early-stage AAA. ALDH2 knockdown/knockout specifically in endothelial cells (ECs) significantly increases expression of EC barrier markers related to focal adhesion and tight junction, restores endothelial barrier integrity, and suppresses early aortic dilation of AAA (7 and 14 days post-Ang II). Mechanically, ELK3 acts as an ALDH2 downstream regulator for endothelial barrier function preservation. At the molecular level, ALDH2 directly binds to LIN28B, a regulator of ELK3 mRNA stability, hindering LIN28B binding to ELK3 mRNA, thereby depressing ELK3 expression and impairing endothelial barrier function. Therefore, preserving vascular endothelial barrier integrity via ALDH2-specific knockdown in ECs holds therapeutic potential in the early management of AAAs.
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17
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Zhang Q, Zhou X, Li X, Yao S, Jiang S, Zhang R, Zou Z, Liao L, Dong J. Effect of down-regulation of let-7c/g on triggering a double-negative feedback loop and promoting restenosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2484-2495. [PMID: 37433785 PMCID: PMC10586861 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the main causes of restenosis (RS) in diabetic lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD). However, the relevant pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood. METHODS In this study, we introduced a "two-step injury protocol" rat RS model, which started with the induction of atherosclerosis (AS) and was followed by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry staining were used to verify the form of RS. Two-step transfection was performed, with the first transfection of Lin28a followed by a second transfection of let-7c and let-7g, to explore the possible mechanism by which Lin28a exerted effects. 5-ethynyl-2΄-deoxyuridine (EdU) and Transwell assay were performed to evaluate the ability of proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed to detect the expression of Lin28a protein and let-7 family members. RESULTS Using a combination of in vitro and in vivo experiments, we discovered that let-7c, let-7g, and microRNA98 (miR98) were downstream targets of Lin28a. More importantly, decreased expression of let-7c/let-7g increased Lin28a, leading to further inhibition of let-7c/let-7g. We also found an increased level of let-7d in the RS pathological condition, suggesting that it may function as a protective regulator of the Lin28a/let-7 loop by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. CONCLUSION These findings indicated the presence of a double-negative feedback loop consisting of Lin28a and let-7c/let-7g, which may be responsible for the vicious behavior of VSMCs in RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xianzhi Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Shuai Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhiwei Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lin Liao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Jianjun Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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18
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Zeng Z, Fu M, Hu Y, Wei Y, Wei X, Luo M. Regulation and signaling pathways in cancer stem cells: implications for targeted therapy for cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:172. [PMID: 37853437 PMCID: PMC10583419 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01877-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), initially identified in leukemia in 1994, constitute a distinct subset of tumor cells characterized by surface markers such as CD133, CD44, and ALDH. Their behavior is regulated through a complex interplay of networks, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, epigenetic, tumor microenvironment (TME), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) factors. Numerous signaling pathways were found to be involved in the regulatory network of CSCs. The maintenance of CSC characteristics plays a pivotal role in driving CSC-associated tumor metastasis and conferring resistance to therapy. Consequently, CSCs have emerged as promising targets in cancer treatment. To date, researchers have developed several anticancer agents tailored to specifically target CSCs, with some of these treatment strategies currently undergoing preclinical or clinical trials. In this review, we outline the origin and biological characteristics of CSCs, explore the regulatory networks governing CSCs, discuss the signaling pathways implicated in these networks, and investigate the influential factors contributing to therapy resistance in CSCs. Finally, we offer insights into preclinical and clinical agents designed to eliminate CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Minyang Fu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology Nursing, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Min Luo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China.
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19
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Xiao S, Zhang W, Li J, Manley NR. Lin28 regulates thymic growth and involution and correlates with MHCII expression in thymic epithelial cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1261081. [PMID: 37868985 PMCID: PMC10588642 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1261081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) are essential for T cell development in the thymus, yet the mechanisms governing their differentiation are not well understood. Lin28, known for its roles in embryonic development, stem cell pluripotency, and regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, is expressed in endodermal epithelial cells during embryogenesis and persists in adult epithelia, implying postnatal functions. However, the detailed expression and function of Lin28 in TECs remain unknown. In this study, we examined the expression patterns of Lin28 and its target Let-7g in fetal and postnatal TECs and discovered opposing expression patterns during postnatal thymic growth, which correlated with FOXN1 and MHCII expression. Specifically, Lin28b showed high expression in MHCIIhi TECs, whereas Let-7g was expressed in MHCIIlo TECs. Deletion of Lin28a and Lin28b specifically in TECs resulted in reduced MHCII expression and overall TEC numbers. Conversely, overexpression of Lin28a increased total TEC and thymocyte numbers by promoting the proliferation of MHCIIlo TECs. Additionally, our data strongly suggest that Lin28 and Let-7g expression is reliant on FOXN1 to some extent. These findings suggest a critical role for Lin28 in regulating the development and differentiation of TECs by modulating MHCII expression and TEC proliferation throughout thymic ontogeny and involution. Our study provides insights into the mechanisms underlying TEC differentiation and highlights the significance of Lin28 in orchestrating these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Xiao
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
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20
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Zhang Q, Shi M, Zheng R, Han H, Zhang X, Lin F. C1632 inhibits ovarian cancer cell growth and migration by inhibiting LIN28 B/let-7/FAK signaling pathway and FAK phosphorylation. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 956:175935. [PMID: 37541366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
The highly conserved RNA-binding protein LIN28B and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) are significantly upregulated in ovarian cancer (OC), serving as markers for disease progression and prognosis. Nonetheless, the correlation between LIN28B and FAK, as well as the pharmacological effects of the LIN28 inhibitor C1632, in OC cells have not been elucidated. The present study demonstrates that C1632 significantly reduced the rate of DNA replication, arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase, consequently reducing cell viability, and impeding clone formation. Moreover, treatment with C1632 decreased cell-matrix adhesion, as well as inhibited cell migration and invasion. Further mechanistic studies revealed that C1632 inhibited the OC cell proliferation and migration by concurrently inhibiting LIN28 B/let-7/FAK signaling pathway and FAK phosphorylation. Furthermore, C1632 exhibited an obvious inhibitory effect on OC cell xenograft tumors in mice. Altogether, these findings identified that LIN28 B/let-7/FAK is a valuable target in OC and C1632 is a promising onco-therapeutic agent for OC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengyun Shi
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruiling Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haoyi Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China; Department of Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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21
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Hou D, Pei C, Yu D, Yang G. miR-188-5p silencing improves cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by targeting Lin28a. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2327-2338. [PMID: 37572229 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
This report aimed to explore whether miR-188-5p regulated the pathological regulatory network of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We simulated the cerebral I/R injury model with MACO/R and OGD/R treatments. Neuronal viability and apoptosis were assessed. The contents of miR-188-5p and Lin 28a were evaluated. The abundances of apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) were measured. The interaction of miR-188-5p and Lin28a was confirmed. Lin28a silencing was supplemented to determine the delicate regulation of miR-188-5p. We revealed that miR-188-5p was upregulated and Lin28a was downregulated in I/R rats and OGD/R-induced cells. miR-188-5p silencing remarkably reduced the cerebral infarction volume, neurobehavioral score, brain edema, and Evans blue leakage. miR-188-5p silencing enhanced neuronal viability and alleviated apoptosis. The abundance of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 was reduced by miR-188-5p silencing, while Bcl-2 was augmented. miR-188-5p silencing impeded the contents of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. miR-188-5p interacted with Lin28a and negatively regulated its expression. Interestingly, extra Lin28a silencing reversed apoptosis and the content of inflammatory cytokines. Our studies confirmed that miR-188-5p silencing alleviated neuronal apoptosis and inflammation by mediating the expression of Lin28a. The crosstalk of miR-188-5p and Lin28a offered a different direction for ischemic stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Hou
- Department of Neurology, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Haikou, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - Chaoying Pei
- Department of Neurology, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Haikou, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Neurology, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Haikou, Hainan, 570208, China.
| | - Guoshuai Yang
- Department of Neurology, Haikou Affiliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine, Haikou, Hainan, 570208, China.
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22
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Sun Q, Chen X, Luo H, Meng C, Zhu D. Cancer stem cells of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; distance towards clinical application; a systematic review of literature. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:4315-4345. [PMID: 37818051 PMCID: PMC10560931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the major pathological type of head and neck cancer (HNC). The disease ranks sixth among the most common malignancies worldwide, with an increasing incidence rate yearly. Despite the development of therapy, the prognosis of HNSCC remains unsatisfactory, which may be attributed to the resistance to traditional radio-chemotherapy, relapse, and metastasis. To improve the diagnosis and treatment, the targeted therapy for HNSCC may be successful as that for some other tumors. Nanocarriers are the most effective system to deliver the anti-cancerous agent at the site of interest using passive or active targeting approaches. The system enhances the drug concentration in HCN target cells, increases retention, and reduces toxicity to normal cells. Among the different techniques in nanotechnology, quantum dots (QDs) possess multiple fluorescent colors emissions under single-source excitation and size-tunable light emission. Dendrimers are the most attractive nanocarriers, which possess the desired properties of drug retention, release, unaffecting by the immune system, blood circulation time enhancing, and cells or organs specific targeting properties. In this review, we have discussed the up-to-date knowledge of the Cancer Stem Cells of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Although a lot of data is available, still much more efforts remain to be made to improve the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjia Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityXiantai Street 126, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityXiantai Street 126, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of QiqiharQiqihar 161005, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Cuida Meng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityXiantai Street 126, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Dongdong Zhu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityXiantai Street 126, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
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23
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de Albuquerque Dias R, Balbinot KM, da Silva Kataoka MS, de Melo Alves Júnior S, de Jesus Viana Pinheiro J. Expression of stem cell markers SALL4, LIN28A, and KLF4 in ameloblastoma. Diagn Pathol 2023; 18:92. [PMID: 37559082 PMCID: PMC10413759 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-023-01379-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ameloblastoma (AME) is a benign odontogenic tumour of epithelial origin characterised by slow but aggressive growth, infiltration, and recurrence; it is capable of reaching large dimensions and invading adjacent structures. Stem cell research has proven to be significant in the sphere of tumour biology through these cells' possible involvement in the aetiopathogenesis of this tumour. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was performed on AME, dentigerous cyst (DC), and dental follicle (DF) samples, and indirect immunofluorescence was performed on the AME-hTERT cell line to determine the expression of SALL4, LIN28A, and KLF4. RESULTS Expression of proteins related to cellular pluripotency was higher in AME cells than in DC and DF cells. The analysis revealed that the proteins in question were mainly expressed in the parenchyma of AME tissue samples and were detected in the nuclei of AME-hTERT cells. CONCLUSIONS Stem cells may be related to the origin and progression of AME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela de Albuquerque Dias
- Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy and Immunohistochemistry, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Karolyny Martins Balbinot
- Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy and Immunohistochemistry, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Sérgio de Melo Alves Júnior
- Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy and Immunohistochemistry, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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24
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Amato I, Meurant S, Renard P. The Key Role of Mitochondria in Somatic Stem Cell Differentiation: From Mitochondrial Asymmetric Apportioning to Cell Fate. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12181. [PMID: 37569553 PMCID: PMC10418455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of the mechanisms underlying stem cell differentiation is under intensive research and includes the contribution of a metabolic switch from glycolytic to oxidative metabolism. While mitochondrial biogenesis has been previously demonstrated in number of differentiation models, it is only recently that the role of mitochondrial dynamics has started to be explored. The discovery of asymmetric distribution of mitochondria in stem cell progeny has strengthened the interest in the field. This review attempts to summarize the regulation of mitochondrial asymmetric apportioning by the mitochondrial fusion, fission, and mitophagy processes as well as emphasize how asymmetric mitochondrial apportioning in stem cells affects their metabolism, and thus epigenetics, and determines cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilario Amato
- Ressearch Unit in Cell Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (Narilis), University of Namur (UNamur), 5000 Namur, Belgium; (I.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Sébastien Meurant
- Ressearch Unit in Cell Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (Narilis), University of Namur (UNamur), 5000 Namur, Belgium; (I.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Patricia Renard
- Ressearch Unit in Cell Biology (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (Narilis), University of Namur (UNamur), 5000 Namur, Belgium; (I.A.); (S.M.)
- Mass Spectrometry Platform (MaSUN), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (Narilis), University of Namur (UNamur), 5000 Namur, Belgium
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25
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Sui Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Wang C, Li X, Xing F. Lin28B overexpression decreases let-7b and let-7g levels and increases proliferation and estrogen secretion in Dolang sheep ovarian granulosa cells. Arch Anim Breed 2023; 66:217-224. [PMID: 37560354 PMCID: PMC10407058 DOI: 10.5194/aab-66-217-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Although ovine puberty initiation has been previously studied, the mechanism by which the RNA-binding protein Lin28B affects this process has not been investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Lin28B overexpression on let-7b, let-7g, cell proliferation, and estrogen secretion in Dolang sheep ovine ovarian granulosa cells. In this study, a Lin28B vector was constructed and transfected into ovarian granulosa cells using liposomes. After 24, 48, and 72 h of overexpression, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used for measuring let-7b and let-7g microRNA (miRNA) levels, and estrogen secretion was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8) kit was used for evaluating cell viability and proliferation in response to Lin28B overexpression at 24 h. The results showed that the expression of let-7b and let-7g decreased significantly after Lin28B overexpression, and the difference was consistent over different periods. The result of ELISA showed that estradiol (E2) levels significantly increased following Lin28B overexpression. Additionally, Lin28B overexpression significantly increased the cell viability and proliferation. Therefore, the Lin28B-let-7 family axis may play a key role in the initiation of female ovine puberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Sui
- Key Laboratory of Tarim, Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,
Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar,
Xinjiang 843300, China
| | - Yongjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tarim, Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,
Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar,
Xinjiang 843300, China
| | - Zhishuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tarim, Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,
Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar,
Xinjiang 843300, China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tarim, Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,
Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar,
Xinjiang 843300, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Key Laboratory of Tarim, Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,
Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar,
Xinjiang 843300, China
| | - Feng Xing
- Key Laboratory of Tarim, Animal Husbandry Science and Technology,
Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar,
Xinjiang 843300, China
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26
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Park J, Jeong K, Kim M, Kim W, Park JH. Enhanced osteogenesis of human urine-derived stem cells by direct delivery of 30Kc19α-Lin28A protein. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1215087. [PMID: 37383520 PMCID: PMC10293758 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1215087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) are a promising source for regenerative medicine because of their advantages such as easy and non-invasive collection from the human body, stable expansion, and the potential to differentiate into multiple lineages, including osteoblasts. In this study, we propose a strategy to enhance the osteogenic potential of human USCs using Lin28A, a transcription factor that inhibits let-7 miRNA processing. To address concerns regarding the safety of foreign gene integration and potential risk of tumorigenicity, we intracellularly delivered Lin28A as a recombinant protein fused with a cell-penetrating and protein-stabilizing protein, 30Kc19α. 30Kc19α-Lin28A fusion protein exhibited improved thermal stability and was delivered into USCs without significant cytotoxicity. 30Kc19α-Lin28A treatment elevated calcium deposition and upregulated several osteoblast-specific gene expressions in USCs derived from multiple donors. Our results indicate that intracellularly delivered 30Kc19α-Lin28A enhances the osteoblastic differentiation of human USCs by affecting the transcriptional regulatory network involved in metabolic reprogramming and stem cell potency. Therefore, 30Kc19α-Lin28A may provide a technical advancement toward developing clinically feasible strategies for bone regeneration.
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27
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Qin K, Lan X, Huang P, Saari MS, Khandros E, Keller CA, Giardine B, Abdulmalik O, Shi J, Hardison RC, Blobel GA. Molecular basis of polycomb group protein-mediated fetal hemoglobin repression. Blood 2023; 141:2756-2770. [PMID: 36893455 PMCID: PMC10273169 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022019578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The switch from fetal hemoglobin (HbF) to adult hemoglobin (HbA) is a paradigm for developmental gene expression control with relevance to sickle cell disease and β-thalassemia. Polycomb repressive complex (PRC) proteins regulate this switch, and an inhibitor of PRC2 has entered a clinical trial for HbF activation. Yet, how PRC complexes function in this process, their target genes, and relevant subunit composition are unknown. Here, we identified the PRC1 subunit BMI1 as a novel HbF repressor. We uncovered the RNA binding proteins LIN28B, IGF2BP1, and IGF2BP3 genes as direct BMI1 targets, and demonstrate that they account for the entirety of BMI1's effect on HbF regulation. BMI1 functions as part of the canonical PRC1 (cPRC1) subcomplex as revealed by the physical and functional dissection of BMI1 protein partners. Lastly, we demonstrate that BMI1/cPRC1 acts in concert with PRC2 to repress HbF through the same target genes. Our study illuminates how PRC silences HbF, highlighting an epigenetic mechanism involved in hemoglobin switching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhua Qin
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xianjiang Lan
- Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Megan S. Saari
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Eugene Khandros
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Cheryl A. Keller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA
| | - Belinda Giardine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA
| | - Osheiza Abdulmalik
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Junwei Shi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ross C. Hardison
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA
| | - Gerd A. Blobel
- Division of Hematology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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28
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Wang P, Liu X, Chen Y, Jun-Hao ET, Yao Z, Min-Wen JC, Yan-Jiang BC, Ma S, Ma W, Luo L, Guo L, Song D, Shyh-Chang N. Adult progenitor rejuvenation with embryonic factors. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13459. [PMID: 37177849 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
During ageing, adult stem cells' regenerative properties decline, as they undergo replicative senescence and lose both their proliferative and differentiation capacities. In contrast, embryonic and foetal progenitors typically possess heightened proliferative capacities and manifest a more robust regenerative response upon injury and transplantation, despite undergoing many rounds of mitosis. How embryonic and foetal progenitors delay senescence and maintain their proliferative and differentiation capacities after numerous rounds of mitosis, remains unknown. It is also unclear if defined embryonic factors can rejuvenate adult progenitors to confer extended proliferative and differentiation capacities, without reprogramming their lineage-specific fates or inducing oncogenic transformation. Here, we report that a minimal combination of LIN28A, TERT, and sh-p53 (LTS), all of which are tightly regulated and play important roles during embryonic development, can delay senescence in adult muscle progenitors. LTS muscle progenitors showed an extended proliferative capacity, maintained a normal karyotype, underwent myogenesis normally, and did not manifest tumorigenesis nor aberrations in lineage differentiation, even in late passages. LTS treatment promoted self-renewal and rescued the pro-senescence phenotype of aged cachexia patients' muscle progenitors, and promoted their engraftment for skeletal muscle regeneration in vivo. When we examined the mechanistic basis for LIN28A's role in the LTS minimum combo, let-7 microRNA suppression could not fully explain how LIN28A promoted muscle progenitor self-renewal. Instead, LIN28A was promoting the translation of oxidative phosphorylation mRNAs in adult muscle progenitors to optimize mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and mitohormetic signalling. Optimized mtROS induced a variety of mitohormetic stress responses, including the hypoxic response for metabolic damage, the unfolded protein response for protein damage, and the p53 response for DNA damage. Perturbation of mtROS levels specifically abrogated the LIN28A-driven hypoxic response in Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF1α) and glycolysis, and thus LTS progenitor self-renewal, without affecting normal or TS progenitors. Our findings connect embryonically regulated factors to mitohormesis and progenitor rejuvenation, with implications for ageing-related muscle degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xupeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Elwin Tan Jun-Hao
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Cancer Therapeutics, Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Science, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ziyue Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jason Chua Min-Wen
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Cancer Therapeutics, Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Science, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benjamin Chua Yan-Jiang
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Cancer Therapeutics, Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Science, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shilin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lanfang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luyao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ng Shyh-Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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29
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Lee DW, Shin S, Kim JH, Lee C, Kim IY, Oh IH. Antisense Oligonucleotides against Let-7 Enhance the Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108639. [PMID: 37239986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Let-7 miRNAs have pleiotropic cellular functions in cell proliferation, migration, and regenerative processes. Here, we investigate whether the inhibition of let-7 miRNAs with antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) can be a transient and safe strategy enhancing the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to overcome their limitations in cell therapeutic trials. We first identified major subfamilies of let-7 miRNAs preferentially expressed in MSCs, and efficient ASO combinations against these selected subfamilies that mimic the effects of LIN28 activation. When let-7 miRNAs were inhibited with an ASO combination (anti-let7-ASOs), MSCs exhibited higher proliferation with delayed senescence during the passaging into a culture. They also exhibited increased migration and enhanced osteogenic differentiation potential. However, these changes in MSCs were not accompanied by cell-fate changes into pericytes or the additional acquisition of stemness, but instead occurred as functional changes accompanied by changes in proteomics. Interestingly, MSCs with let-7 inhibition exhibited metabolic reprogramming characterized by an enhanced glycolytic pathway, decreased reactive oxygen species, and lower transmembrane potential in mitochondria. Moreover, let-7-inhibited MSCs promoted the self-renewal of neighboring hematopoietic progenitor cells, and enhanced capillary formation in endothelial cells. These findings together show that our optimized ASO combination efficiently reprograms the MSC functional state, allowing for more efficient MSC cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Won Lee
- Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center & Department of Medical Life Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Shin
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Kim
- Regen Innopharm Inc., Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolju Lee
- Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - In Yong Kim
- Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center & Department of Medical Life Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Hoan Oh
- Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center & Department of Medical Life Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
- Regen Innopharm Inc., Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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30
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Broughton K, Esquer C, Echeagaray O, Firouzi F, Shain G, Ebeid D, Monsanto M, Yaareb D, Golgolab L, Gude N, Sussman MA. Surface Lin28A expression consistent with cellular stress parallels indicators of senescence. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:743-758. [PMID: 35880724 PMCID: PMC10409908 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Declining cellular functional capacity resulting from stress or ageing is a primary contributor to impairment of myocardial performance. Molecular pathway regulation of biological processes in cardiac interstitial cells (CICs) is pivotal in stress and ageing responses. Altered localization of the RNA-binding protein Lin28A has been reported in response to environmental stress, but the role of Lin28A in response to stress in CICs has not been explored. Surface Lin28A redistribution is indicative of stress response in CIC associated with ageing and senescence. METHODS AND RESULTS Localization of Lin28A was assessed by multiple experimental analyses and treatment conditions and correlated to oxidative stress, senescence, and ploidy in adult murine CICs. Surface Lin28A expression is present on 5% of fresh CICs and maintained through Passage 2, increasing to 21% in hyperoxic conditions but lowered to 14% in physiologic normoxia. Surface Lin28A is coincident with elevated senescence marker p16 and beta-galactosidase (β-gal) expression in CICs expanded in hyperoxia, and also increases with polyploidization and binucleation of CICs regardless of oxygen culture. Transcriptional profiling of CICs using single-cell RNA-Seq reveals up-regulation of pathways associated with oxidative stress in CICs exhibiting surface Lin28A. Induction of surface Lin28A by oxidative stress is blunted by treatment of cells with the antioxidant Trolox in a dose-dependent manner, with 300 μM Trolox exposure maintaining characteristics of freshly isolated CICs possessing low expression of surface Lin28A and β-gal with predominantly diploid content. CONCLUSION Surface Lin28A is a marker of environmental oxidative stress in CICs and antioxidant treatment antagonizes this phenotype. The biological significance of Lin28 surface expression and consequences for myocardial responses may provide important insights regarding mitigation of cardiac stress and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Broughton
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Carolina Esquer
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Oscar Echeagaray
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Fareheh Firouzi
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Grant Shain
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - David Ebeid
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Megan Monsanto
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Dena Yaareb
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Leila Golgolab
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Natalie Gude
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
| | - Mark A Sussman
- San Diego State University Heart Institute and Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
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31
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Non-Coding RNAs as Biomarkers for Embryo Quality and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065751. [PMID: 36982824 PMCID: PMC10052053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in in vitro fertilization (IVF), there is still a lack of non-invasive and reliable biomarkers for selecting embryos with the highest developmental and implantation potential. Recently, small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) have been identified in biological fluids, and extracellular sncRNAs are explored as diagnostic biomarkers in the prediction of IVF outcomes. To determine the predictive role of sncRNAs in embryo quality and IVF outcomes, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. Articles were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from 1990 to 31 July 2022. Eighteen studies that met the selection criteria were analyzed. In total, 22 and 47 different sncRNAs were found to be dysregulated in follicular fluid (FF) and embryo spent culture medium (SCM), respectively. MiR-663b, miR-454 and miR-320a in FF and miR-20a in SCM showed consistent dysregulation in two different studies. The meta-analysis indicated the potential predictive performance of sncRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers, with a pooled area under curve (AUC) value of 0.81 (95% CI 0.78, 0.844), a sensitivity of 0.79 (95% CI 0.72, 0.85), a specificity of 0.67 (95% CI 0.52, 0.79) and a diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 8 (95% CI 5, 12). Significant heterogeneity was identified among studies in sensitivity (I2 = 46.11%) and specificity (I2 = 89.73%). This study demonstrates that sncRNAs may distinguish embryos with higher developmental and implantation potentials. They can be promising non-invasive biomarkers for embryo selection in ART. However, the significant heterogeneity among studies highlights the demand for prospective multicenter studies with optimized methods and adequate sample sizes in the future.
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Xu Y, Zhang T, Zhou Q, Hu M, Qi Y, Xue Y, Nie Y, Wang L, Bao Z, Shi W. A single-cell transcriptome atlas profiles early organogenesis in human embryos. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:604-615. [PMID: 36928764 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01108-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The early window of human embryogenesis is largely a black box for developmental biologists. Here we probed the cellular diversity of 4-6 week human embryos when essentially all organs are just laid out. On the basis of over 180,000 single-cell transcriptomes, we generated a comprehensive atlas of 313 clusters in 18 developmental systems, which were annotated with a collection of ontology and markers from 157 publications. Together with spatial transcriptome on embryonic sections, we characterized the molecule and spatial architecture of previously unappreciated cell types. Combined with data from other vertebrates, the rich information shed light on spatial patterning of axes, systemic temporal regulation of developmental progression and potential human-specific regulation. Our study provides a compendium of early progenitor cells of human organs, which can serve as the root of lineage analysis in organogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichi Xu
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tengjiao Zhang
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, China
| | - Mengzhu Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yao Qi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yifang Xue
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuxiao Nie
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhirong Bao
- Developmental Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Weiyang Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Huang Y, Liu P, Luo J, Zhu C, Lu C, Zhao N, Zhao W, Cui W, Yang X. Par6 Enhances Glioma Invasion by Activating MEK/ERK Pathway Through a LIN28/let-7d Positive Feedback Loop. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1626-1644. [PMID: 36542194 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The invasion of glioblastoma usually results in the recurrence and poor prognosis in patients with glioma. However, the underlying mechanisms involved in glioma invasion remains undefined. In this study, immunohistochemistry analyses of glioma specimens demonstrated that high expression of Par6 was positively correlated with malignancy and poor prognosis of patients with glioma. Par6-overexpressing glioma cells showed much more fibroblast-like morphology, suggesting that regulation of Par6 expression might be associated with tumor invasion in glioma cells. Further study indicated that Par6 overexpression subsequently increased CD44 and N-cadherin expression to enhance glioma invasion through activating MEK/ERK/STAT3 pathway, in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, we found that LIN28/let-7d axis was involved in this process via a positive feedback loop, suggesting that MEK/ERK/LIN28/let-7d/STAT3 cascade might be essential for Par6-mediated glioma invasion. Therefore, these data highlight the roles of Par6 in glioma invasion, and Par6 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yishan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Juanjuan Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chunjiao Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weijiang Zhao
- Cell Biology Department, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Maklad A, Sedeeq M, Wilson R, Heath JA, Gueven N, Azimi I. LIN28 expression and function in medulloblastoma. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:533-548. [PMID: 36649308 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor. Current treatment modalities are not completely effective and can lead to severe neurological and cognitive adverse effects. In addition to urgently needing better treatment approaches, new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are required to improve the therapy outcomes of MB patients. The RNA-binding proteins, LIN28A and LIN28B, are known to regulate invasive phenotypes in many different cancer types. However, the expression and function of these proteins in MB had not been studied to date. This study identified the expression of LIN28A and LIN28B in MB patient samples and cell lines and assessed the effect of LIN28 inhibition on MB cell growth, metabolism and stemness. LIN28B expression was significantly upregulated in MB tissues compared to normal brain tissues. This upregulation, which was not observed in other brain tumors, was specific for the aggressive MB subgroups and correlated with patient survival and metastasis rates. Functionally, pharmacological inhibition of LIN28 activity concentration-dependently reduced LIN28B expression, as well as the growth of D283 MB cells. While LIN28 inhibition did not affect the levels of intracellular ATP, it reduced the expression of the stemness marker CD133 in D283 cells and the sphere formation of CHLA-01R cells. LIN28B, which is highly expressed in the human cerebellum during the first few months after birth, subsequently decreased with age. The results of this study highlight the potential of LIN28B as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for MB and open the possibility to utilize LIN28 as a pharmacological target to suppress MB cell growth and stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Maklad
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Mohammed Sedeeq
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Richard Wilson
- Central Science Laboratory, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - John A Heath
- School of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, Australia
| | - Nuri Gueven
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Iman Azimi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Ono H, Saito H. Sensing intracellular signatures with synthetic mRNAs. RNA Biol 2023; 20:588-602. [PMID: 37582192 PMCID: PMC10431736 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2023.2244791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The bottom-up assembly of biological components in synthetic biology has contributed to a better understanding of natural phenomena and the development of new technologies for practical applications. Over the past few decades, basic RNA research has unveiled the regulatory roles of RNAs underlying gene regulatory networks; while advances in RNA biology, in turn, have highlighted the potential of a wide variety of RNA elements as building blocks to construct artificial systems. In particular, synthetic mRNA-based translational regulators, which respond to signals in cells and regulate the production of encoded output proteins, are gaining attention with the recent rise of mRNA therapeutics. In this Review, we discuss recent progress in RNA synthetic biology, mainly focusing on emerging technologies for sensing intracellular protein and RNA molecules and controlling translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ono
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Sakyo-Ku, Japan
| | - Hirohide Saito
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Sakyo-Ku, Japan
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Bian S, Jiang Y, Dai Z, Wu X, Li B, Wang N, Bian W, Zhong W. Lin28b delays vasculature aging by reducing platelet-derived growth factor-beta resistance in senescent vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 2023; 364:29-38. [PMID: 36529087 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Platelet-derived growth factor-β (PDGFB) is an important mediator of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, and PDGFB resistance is observed in senescent VSMCs. Lin28b is a stemness regulator in the embryo; however, its role in vasculature aging and VSMC senescence is unknown. We aimed to investigate whether Lin28b could restore the VSMC response to PDGFB and delay vasculature aging. METHODS ApoE-/- mice were fed a high-fat diet for different weeks to establish an aging model. PDGFB resistance was observed using EdU staining in vessel culture in vitro. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization were used to detect let-7 expression. Senescence was identified by Western blotting, senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity or Sudan Black B staining, and VSMC function was determined using CCK-8, migration, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Vessels from aged mice showed poor responses to PDGFB stimulation compared with those from young mice; similar results were found in senescent VSMCs. The expression levels of Lin28b and PDGF receptor-β were downregulated in aging vasculature and senescent VSMCs, whereas let-7 family levels increased with aging and VSMC passage growth. Transfection of VSMCs with let-7c induced PDGFB resistance and accelerated VSMC senescence, whereas blocking let-7c restored PDGFB reactions in VSMCs. Overexpression of Lin28b protein by lentivirus resulted in the restoration of PDGFB reactions and delayed VSMC senescence, which was blocked by a let-7c mimic. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the role of Lin28b in delaying vasculature aging by decreasing senescent VSMC PDGFB resistance mediated by let-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Bian
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zhiyin Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xi Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wenyan Bian
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wei Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Pharmacological inhibition of Lin28 promotes ketogenesis and restores lipid homeostasis in models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7940. [PMID: 36572670 PMCID: PMC9792516 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35481-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lin28 RNA-binding proteins are stem-cell factors that play key roles in development. Lin28 suppresses the biogenesis of let-7 microRNAs and regulates mRNA translation. Notably, let-7 inhibits Lin28, establishing a double-negative feedback loop. The Lin28/let-7 axis resides at the interface of metabolic reprogramming and oncogenesis and is therefore a potential target for several diseases. In this study, we use compound-C1632, a drug-like Lin28 inhibitor, and show that the Lin28/let-7 axis regulates the balance between ketogenesis and lipogenesis in liver cells. Hence, Lin28 inhibition activates synthesis and secretion of ketone bodies whilst suppressing lipogenesis. This occurs at least partly via let-7-mediated inhibition of nuclear receptor co-repressor 1, which releases ketogenesis gene expression mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha. In this way, small-molecule Lin28 inhibition protects against lipid accumulation in multiple cellular and male mouse models of hepatic steatosis. Overall, this study highlights Lin28 inhibitors as candidates for the treatment of hepatic disorders of abnormal lipid deposition.
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38
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Canciello A, Cerveró-Varona A, Peserico A, Mauro A, Russo V, Morrione A, Giordano A, Barboni B. "In medio stat virtus": Insights into hybrid E/M phenotype attitudes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1038841. [PMID: 36467417 PMCID: PMC9715750 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1038841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) refers to the ability of cells to dynamically interconvert between epithelial (E) and mesenchymal (M) phenotypes, thus generating an array of hybrid E/M intermediates with mixed E and M features. Recent findings have demonstrated how these hybrid E/M rather than fully M cells play key roles in most of physiological and pathological processes involving EMT. To this regard, the onset of hybrid E/M state coincides with the highest stemness gene expression and is involved in differentiation of either normal and cancer stem cells. Moreover, hybrid E/M cells are responsible for wound healing and create a favorable immunosuppressive environment for tissue regeneration. Nevertheless, hybrid state is responsible of metastatic process and of the increasing of survival, apoptosis and therapy resistance in cancer cells. The present review aims to describe the main features and the emerging concepts regulating EMP and the formation of E/M hybrid intermediates by describing differences and similarities between cancer and normal hybrid stem cells. In particular, the comprehension of hybrid E/M cells biology will surely advance our understanding of their features and how they could be exploited to improve tissue regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Canciello
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Adrián Cerveró-Varona
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Alessia Peserico
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Annunziata Mauro
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Valentina Russo
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Sbarro Health Research Organization (SHRO), Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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Imp interacts with Lin28 to regulate adult stem cell proliferation in the Drosophila intestine. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010385. [PMID: 36070313 PMCID: PMC9484684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are essential for the development and long-term maintenance of tissues and organisms. Preserving tissue homeostasis requires exquisite control of all aspects of stem cell function: cell potency, proliferation, fate decision and differentiation. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are essential components of the regulatory network that control gene expression in stem cells to maintain self-renewal and long-term homeostasis in adult tissues. While the function of many RBPs may have been characterized in various stem cell populations, how these interact and are organized in genetic networks remains largely elusive. In this report, we show that the conserved RNA binding protein IGF2 mRNA binding protein (Imp) is expressed in intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and progenitors in the adult Drosophila midgut. We demonstrate that Imp is required cell autonomously to maintain stem cell proliferative activity under normal epithelial turnover and in response to tissue damage. Mechanistically, we show that Imp cooperates and directly interacts with Lin28, another highly conserved RBP, to regulate ISC proliferation. We found that both proteins bind to and control the InR mRNA, a critical regulator of ISC self-renewal. Altogether, our data suggests that Imp and Lin28 are part of a larger gene regulatory network controlling gene expression in ISCs and required to maintain epithelial homeostasis. Stem cells are essential to maintain healthy organs. However, dysregulation of their function is a potential major driver of diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration, and significantly contributes to the aging process. For these reasons, numerous mechanisms control the ability of stem cells to divide and give rise to functional daughter cells. In this study, we used the Drosophila fruitfly as a genetically amenable experimental model to characterize the function of a conserved protein, the IGF2 mRNA binding protein, in the regulation of adult intestinal stem cells. We found that it is essential for stem cell proliferation under normal conditions and in response to tissue damage. We also report that it interacts with another known regulator, Lin28. Importantly, these two factors largely control stem cell biology and development in mammals, including humans, and are often dysregulated in cancer. This suggests that our work is shedding new light on the conserved mechanisms that maintain long-term stem cell function across organisms.
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Paulmann C, Spallek R, Karpiuk O, Heider M, Schäffer I, Zecha J, Klaeger S, Walzik M, Öllinger R, Engleitner T, Wirth M, Keller U, Krönke J, Rudelius M, Kossatz S, Rad R, Kuster B, Bassermann F. The OTUD6B-LIN28B-MYC axis determines the proliferative state in multiple myeloma. EMBO J 2022; 41:e110871. [PMID: 36059274 PMCID: PMC9574752 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022110871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitylases (DUBs) are therapeutically amenable components of the ubiquitin machinery that stabilize substrate proteins. Their inhibition can destabilize oncoproteins that may otherwise be undruggable. Here, we screened for DUB vulnerabilities in multiple myeloma, an incurable malignancy with dependency on the ubiquitin proteasome system and identified OTUD6B as an oncogene that drives the G1/S‐transition. LIN28B, a suppressor of microRNA biogenesis, is specified as a bona fide cell cycle‐specific substrate of OTUD6B. Stabilization of LIN28B drives MYC expression at G1/S, which in turn allows for rapid S‐phase entry. Silencing OTUD6B or LIN28B inhibits multiple myeloma outgrowth in vivo and high OTUD6B expression evolves in patients that progress to symptomatic multiple myeloma and results in an adverse outcome of the disease. Thus, we link proteolytic ubiquitylation with post‐transcriptional regulation and nominate OTUD6B as a potential mediator of the MGUS‐multiple myeloma transition, a central regulator of MYC, and an actionable vulnerability in multiple myeloma and other tumors with an activated OTUD6B‐LIN28B axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Paulmann
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ria Spallek
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Oleksandra Karpiuk
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Heider
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabell Schäffer
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jana Zecha
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Susan Klaeger
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Michaela Walzik
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rupert Öllinger
- TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Engleitner
- TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Wirth
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Keller
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Krönke
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Cancer Immunology, Campus Benjamin Franklin Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Rudelius
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwigs Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Kossatz
- TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Roland Rad
- TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany.,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Florian Bassermann
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
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41
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Son B, Yoon H, Ryu J, Lee H, Joo J, Park HH, Park TH. Enhanced efficiency of generating human-induced pluripotent stem cells using Lin28-30Kc19 fusion protein. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:911614. [PMID: 35935494 PMCID: PMC9354855 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.911614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have intrinsic properties, such as self-renewal ability and pluripotency, which are also shown in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The challenge of improving the iPSC generation efficiency has been an important issue and there have been many attempts to develop iPSC generation methods. In this research, we added Lin28, known as one of the reprogramming factors, in the form of a soluble recombinant protein from E. coli to improve the efficiency of human iPSC (hiPSC) generation, in respect of alkaline phosphatase (AP)-positive colonies. To deliver Lin28 inside the cells, we generated a soluble Lin28-30Kc19 fusion protein, with 30Kc19 at the C-terminal domain of Lin28. 30Kc19, a silkworm hemolymph-derived protein, was fused due to its cell-penetrating and protein-stabilizing properties. The Lin28-30Kc19 was treated to human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), in combination with four defined reprogramming factors (Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4). After 14 days of cell culture, we confirmed the generated hiPSCs through AP staining. According to the results, the addition of Lin28-30Kc19 increased the number and size of generated AP-positive hiPSC colonies. Through this research, we anticipate that this recombinant protein would be a valuable material for increasing the efficiency of hiPSC generation and for enhancing the possibility as a substitute of the conventional method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boram Son
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyungro Yoon
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jina Ryu
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Haein Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinmyoung Joo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Hee Ho Park
- Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
- Education and Research Group for Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hee Ho Park, ; Tai Hyun Park,
| | - Tai Hyun Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hee Ho Park, ; Tai Hyun Park,
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Hu Z, Ma J, Yue H, Luo Y, Li X, Wang C, Wang L, Sun B, Chen Z, Wang L, Gu Y. Involvement of LIN28A in Wnt-dependent regulation of hippocampal neurogenesis in the aging brain. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:1666-1682. [PMID: 35750042 PMCID: PMC9287676 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal neurogenesis declines with aging. Wnt ligands and antagonists within the hippocampal neurogenic niche regulate the proliferation of neural progenitor cells and the development of new neurons, and the changes of their levels in the niche mediate aging-associated decline of neurogenesis. We found that RNA-binding protein LIN28A remained existent in neural progenitor cells and granule neurons in the adult hippocampus and that it decreased with aging. Lin28a knockout inhibited the responsiveness of neural progenitor cells to niche Wnt agonists and reduced neurogenesis, thus impairing pattern separation. Overexpression of Lin28a increased the proliferation of neural progenitor cells, promoted the functional integration of newborn neurons, restored neurogenesis in Wnt-deficient dentate gyrus, and rescued the impaired pattern separation in aging mice. Our data suggest that LIN28A regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis as an intracellular mechanism by responding to niche Wnt signals, and its decrease is involved in aging-associated decline of hippocampal neurogenesis and related cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhechun Hu
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiao Ma
- Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Huimin Yue
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yujian Luo
- Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Mental Health Center, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Binggui Sun
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Lang Wang
- Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310029, China.
| | - Yan Gu
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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43
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Davidian D, Levin M. Inducing Vertebrate Limb Regeneration: A Review of Past Advances and Future Outlook. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2022; 14:a040782. [PMID: 34400551 PMCID: PMC9121900 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a040782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Limb loss due to traumatic injury or amputation is a major biomedical burden. Many vertebrates exhibit the ability to form and pattern normal limbs during embryogenesis from amorphous clusters of precursor cells, hinting that this process could perhaps be activated later in life to rebuild missing or damaged limbs. Indeed, some animals, such as salamanders, are proficient regenerators of limbs throughout their life span. Thus, research over the last century has sought to stimulate regeneration in species that do not normally regenerate their appendages. Importantly, these efforts are not only a vital aspect of regenerative medicine, but also have fundamental implications for understanding evolution and the cellular control of growth and form throughout the body. Here we review major recent advances in augmenting limb regeneration, summarizing the degree of success that has been achieved to date in frog and mammalian models using genetic, biochemical, and bioelectrical interventions. While the degree of whole limb repair in rodent models has been modest to date, a number of new technologies and approaches comprise an exciting near-term road map for basic and clinical progress in regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon Davidian
- Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - Michael Levin
- Allen Discovery Center at Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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44
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Zhao C, Xie W, Zhu H, Zhao M, Liu W, Wu Z, Wang L, Zhu B, Li S, Zhou Y, Jiang X, Xu Q, Ren C. LncRNAs and their RBPs: How to influence the fate of stem cells? Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:175. [PMID: 35505438 PMCID: PMC9066789 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02851-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are distinctive cells that have self-renewal potential and unique ability to differentiate into multiple functional cells. Stem cell is a frontier field of life science research and has always been a hot spot in biomedical research. Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have irreplaceable roles in stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. LncRNAs play crucial roles in stem cells through a variety of regulatory mechanisms, including the recruitment of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) to affect the stability of their mRNAs or the expression of downstream genes. RBPs interact with different RNAs to regulate gene expression at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and play important roles in determining the fate of stem cells. In this review, the functions of lncRNAs and their RBPs in self-renewal and differentiation of stem cell are summarized. We focus on the four regulatory mechanisms by which lncRNAs and their RBPs are involved in epigenetic regulation, signaling pathway regulation, splicing, mRNA stability and subcellular localization and further discuss other noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and their RBPs in the fate of stem cells. This work provides a more comprehensive understanding of the roles of lncRNAs in determining the fate of stem cells, and a further understanding of their regulatory mechanisms will provide a theoretical basis for the development of clinical regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhao
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Hecheng Zhu
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zhaoping Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, 412007, China. .,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Caiping Ren
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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45
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Puthdee N, Sriswasdi S, Pisitkun T, Ratanasirintrawoot S, Israsena N, Tangkijvanich P. The LIN28B/TGF-β/TGFBI feedback loop promotes cell migration and tumour initiation potential in cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Gene Ther 2022; 29:445-455. [PMID: 34548635 PMCID: PMC9113936 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-021-00387-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a lethal malignancy of the biliary epithelium, is the second most common primary liver cancer. The poor prognosis of CCA is due to the high rate of tumour invasion and distant metastasis. We found that the RNA-binding protein LIN28B, a known regulator of microRNA biogenesis, stem cell maintenance, and oncogenesis, is expressed in a subpopulation of CCA patients. To further investigate the potential role of LIN28B in CCA pathogenesis, we studied the effect of LIN28B overexpression in the cholangiocyte cell line MMNK-1 and cholangiocarcinoma cell lines HuCCT-1 and KKU-214. Here, we show that enhanced LIN28B expression promoted cancer stem cell-like properties in CCA, including enhanced cell migration, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), increased cell proliferation and spheroid formation. Proteomic analysis revealed TGF-β-induced protein (TGFBI) as a novel LIN28B target gene, and further analysis showed upregulation of other components of the TGF-β signalling pathway, including TGF-β receptor type I (TGFBRI) expression and cytokine TGFB-I, II and III secretion. Importantly, the small molecule TGF-β inhibitor SB431542 negated the effects of LIN28B on both cell migration and clonogenic potential. Overexpression of TGFBI alone promoted cholangiocarcinoma cell migration and EMT changes, but not spheroid formation, suggesting that TGFBI partially contributes to LIN28B-mediated aggressive cell behaviour. These observations are consistent with a model in which TGF-β and LIN28B work together to form a positive feedback loop during cholangiocarcinoma metastasis and provide a therapeutic intervention opportunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattapong Puthdee
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sira Sriswasdi
- Department of Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- Department of Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Nipan Israsena
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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46
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Suo M, Rommelfanger MK, Chen Y, Amro EM, Han B, Chen Z, Szafranski K, Chakkarappan SR, Boehm BO, MacLean AL, Rudolph KL. Age-dependent effects of Igf2bp2 on gene regulation, function, and aging of hematopoietic stem cells in mice. Blood 2022; 139:2653-2665. [PMID: 35231105 PMCID: PMC11022928 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence links metabolism, protein synthesis, and growth signaling to impairments in the function of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) during aging. The Lin28b/Hmga2 pathway controls tissue development, and the postnatal downregulation of this pathway limits the self-renewal of adult vs fetal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Igf2bp2 is an RNA binding protein downstream of Lin28b/Hmga2, which regulates messenger RNA stability and translation. The role of Igf2bp2 in HSC aging is unknown. In this study, an analysis of wild-type and Igf2bp2 knockout mice showed that Igf2bp2 regulates oxidative metabolism in HSPCs and the expression of metabolism, protein synthesis, and stemness-related genes in HSCs of young mice. Interestingly, Igf2bp2 expression and function strongly declined in aging HSCs. In young mice, Igf2bp2 deletion mimicked aging-related changes in HSCs, including changes in Igf2bp2 target gene expression and impairment of colony formation and repopulation capacity. In aged mice, Igf2bp2 gene status had no effect on these parameters in HSCs. Unexpectedly, Igf2bp2-deficient mice exhibited an amelioration of the aging-associated increase in HSCs and myeloid-skewed differentiation. The results suggest that Igf2bp2 controls mitochondrial metabolism, protein synthesis, growth, and stemness of young HSCs, which is necessary for full HSC function during young adult age. However, Igf2bp2 gene function is lost during aging, and it appears to contribute to HSC aging in 2 ways: the aging-related loss of Igf2bp2 gene function impairs the growth and repopulation capacity of aging HSCs, and the activity of Igf2bp2 at a young age contributes to aging-associated HSC expansion and myeloid skewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Suo
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Megan K. Rommelfanger
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yulin Chen
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Elias Moris Amro
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Bing Han
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Zhiyang Chen
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Karol Szafranski
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | | | - Bernhard O. Boehm
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Adam L. MacLean
- Department of Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - K. Lenhard Rudolph
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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47
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Guo L, Li L. LIN28A alleviates inflammation, oxidative stress, osteogenic differentiation and mineralization in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑treated human periodontal ligament stem cells. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:411. [PMID: 35601075 PMCID: PMC9117959 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Guo
- Stomatology Clinic, Meizhou People's Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, Guangdong 514000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Stomatology, Xiangfang General Hospital, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150000, P.R. China
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48
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Blockade on Lin28a Prevents Cognitive Impairment and Disruption of the Blood-Brain Barrier Induced by Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040852. [PMID: 35453602 PMCID: PMC9029709 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Lin28a is an RNA-binding protein involved in the translation and regulation of multiple mRNAs. Lin28a is overexpressed in animal models of brain injury. Similarly, our preliminary study found increased Lin28a expression levels in the animal models four to seven days after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Therefore, this current study aimed to evaluate the effects of modulating Lin28a on cognition and brain functions. Vascular dementia (VaD) was induced in 12-week-old male Wistar rats using permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO), and these rats were treated with Lin28a siRNA on the fourth and seventh day after BCCAO. From the 42nd day after BCCAO, cognitive behavioral experiments were performed for two weeks. VaD induced by BCCAO resulted in cognitive impairment and microglial activation. Lin28a expression was upregulated after BCCAO. Lin28a siRNA treatment alleviated cognitive impairment and overexpression of GFAP and Iba-1 in the brain. Furthermore, the treatment ameliorated the VaD-induced damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) components, including PECAM-1, PDGFRβ, occludin, claudin-9, and ZO-1. CCR6 activation after VaD, associated with BBB disruption, was diminished by treatment with Lin28a siRNA. The treatment inhibited VaD-induced microglial activity and alleviated BBB damage. Thus, blocking Lin28a may alleviate cognitive impairment caused by VaD.
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49
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Trophectoderm Transcriptome Analysis in LIN28 Knockdown Ovine Conceptuses Suggests Diverse Roles of the LIN28-let-7 Axis in Placental and Fetal Development. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071234. [PMID: 35406798 PMCID: PMC8997724 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The proper conceptus elongation in ruminants is critical for the successful placentation and establishment of pregnancy. We have previously shown that the trophectoderm-specific knockdown of LIN28A/B in day 9 ovine blastocysts resulted in increased let-7 miRNAs and reduced conceptus elongation at day 16 of gestation. In this current study, by transcriptome analysis of LIN28A knockdown (AKD) or LIN28B knockdown (BKD) trophectoderm (TE), we explored the downstream target genes of the LIN28-let-7 axis and their roles in the placental and fetal development. We identified 449 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in AKD TE and 1214 DEGs in BKD TE compared to non-targeting control (NTC). Our analysis further revealed that 210 downregulated genes in AKD TE and 562 downregulated genes in BKD TE were the potential targets of let-7 miRNAs. Moreover, 16 downregulated genes in AKD TE and 57 downregulated and 7 upregulated genes in BKD TE were transcription factors. The DEGs in AKD and BKD TE showed enrichment in the biological processes and pathways critical for placental development and function, and fetal development and growth. The results of this study suggest the potential roles of the LIN28-let-7 axis in placental and fetal development beyond its involvement in trophoblast proliferation and conceptus elongation.
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50
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Wang D, Tanaka-Yano M, Meader E, Kinney MA, Morris V, Lummertz da Rocha E, Liu N, Liu T, Zhu Q, Orkin SH, North TE, Daley GQ, Rowe RG. Developmental maturation of the hematopoietic system controlled by a Lin28b-let-7-Cbx2 axis. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110587. [PMID: 35385744 PMCID: PMC9029260 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis changes over life to meet the demands of maturation and aging. Here, we find that the definitive hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) compartment is remodeled from gestation into adulthood, a process regulated by the heterochronic Lin28b/let-7 axis. Native fetal and neonatal HSPCs distribute with a pro-lymphoid/erythroid bias with a shift toward myeloid output in adulthood. By mining transcriptomic data comparing juvenile and adult HSPCs and reconstructing coordinately activated gene regulatory networks, we uncover the Polycomb repressor complex 1 (PRC1) component Cbx2 as an effector of Lin28b/let-7's control of hematopoietic maturation. We find that juvenile Cbx2-/- hematopoietic tissues show impairment of B-lymphopoiesis, a precocious adult-like myeloid bias, and that Cbx2/PRC1 regulates developmental timing of expression of key hematopoietic transcription factors. These findings define a mechanism of regulation of HSPC output via chromatin modification as a function of age with potential impact on age-biased pediatric and adult blood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahai Wang
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mayuri Tanaka-Yano
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eleanor Meader
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Melissa A Kinney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Vivian Morris
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Edroaldo Lummertz da Rocha
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Tianxin Liu
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stuart H Orkin
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Trista E North
- Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - George Q Daley
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - R Grant Rowe
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Stem Cell Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Dana-Farber Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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