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Shahbaz S, Rosero EP, Syed H, Hnatiuk M, Bozorgmehr N, Rahmati A, Zia S, Plemel J, Osman M, Elahi S. Bipotential B-neutrophil progenitors are present in human and mouse bone marrow and emerge in the periphery upon stress hematopoiesis. mBio 2024; 15:e0159924. [PMID: 39012145 PMCID: PMC11323571 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01599-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a tightly regulated process that gets skewed toward myelopoiesis. This restrains lymphopoiesis, but the role of lymphocytes in this process is not well defined. To unravel the intricacies of neutrophil responses in COVID-19, we performed bulk RNAseq on neutrophils from healthy controls and COVID-19 patients. Principal component analysis revealed distinguishing neutrophil gene expression alterations in COVID-19 patients. ICU and ward patients displayed substantial transcriptional changes, with ICU patients exhibiting a more pronounced response. Intriguingly, neutrophils from COVID-19 patients, notably ICU patients, exhibited an enrichment of immunoglobulin (Ig) and B cell lineage-associated genes, suggesting potential lineage plasticity. We validated our RNAseq findings in a larger cohort. Moreover, by reanalyzing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) data on human bone marrow (BM) granulocytes, we identified the cluster of granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (GMP) enriched with Ig and B cell lineage-associated genes. These cells with lineage plasticity may serve as a resource depending on the host's needs during severe systemic infection. This distinct B cell subset may play a pivotal role in promoting myelopoiesis in response to infection. The scRNAseq analysis of BM neutrophils in infected mice further supported our observations in humans. Finally, our studies using an animal model of acute infection implicate IL-7/GM-CSF in influencing neutrophil and B cell dynamics. Elevated GM-CSF and reduced IL-7 receptor expression in COVID-19 patients imply altered hematopoiesis favoring myeloid cells over B cells. Our findings provide novel insights into the relationship between the B-neutrophil lineages during severe infection, hinting at potential implications for disease pathogenesis. IMPORTANCE This study investigates the dynamics of hematopoiesis in COVID-19, focusing on neutrophil responses. Through RNA sequencing of neutrophils from healthy controls and COVID-19 patients, distinct gene expression alterations are identified, particularly in ICU patients. Notably, neutrophils from COVID-19 patients, especially in the ICU, exhibit enrichment of immunoglobulin and B cell lineage-associated genes, suggesting potential lineage plasticity. Validation in a larger patient cohort and single-cell analysis of bone marrow granulocytes support the presence of granulocyte-monocyte progenitors with B cell lineage-associated genes. The findings propose a link between B-neutrophil lineages during severe infection, implicating a potential role for these cells in altered hematopoiesis favoring myeloid cells over B cells. Elevated GM-CSF and reduced IL-7 receptor expression in stress hematopoiesis suggest cytokine involvement in these dynamics, providing novel insights into disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Shahbaz
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Eliana Perez Rosero
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Hussain Syed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Mark Hnatiuk
- Division of Hematology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Najmeh Bozorgmehr
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Amirhossein Rahmati
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sameera Zia
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jason Plemel
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Mohammed Osman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Cancer Research Institute of Northern Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Glycomics Institute of Alberta, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Women and Children Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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2
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Ludwig-Husemann A, Schertl P, Shrivastava A, Geckle U, Hafner J, Schaarschmidt F, Willenbacher N, Freudenberg U, Werner C, Lee-Thedieck C. A Multifunctional Nanostructured Hydrogel as a Platform for Deciphering Niche Interactions of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304157. [PMID: 38870600 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
For over half a century, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have been used for transplantation therapy to treat severe hematologic diseases. Successful outcomes depend on collecting sufficient donor HSCs as well as ensuring efficient engraftment. These processes are influenced by dynamic interactions of HSCs with the bone marrow niche, which can be revealed by artificial niche models. Here, a multifunctional nanostructured hydrogel is presented as a 2D platform to investigate how the interdependencies of cytokine binding and nanopatterned adhesive ligands influence the behavior of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). The results indicate that the degree of HSPC polarization and motility, observed when cultured on gels presenting the chemokine SDF-1α and a nanoscale-defined density of a cellular (IDSP) or extracellular matrix (LDV) α4β1 integrin binding motif, are differently influenced on hydrogels functionalized with the different ligand types. Further, SDF-1α promotes cell polarization but not motility. Strikingly, the degree of differentiation correlates negatively with the nanoparticle spacing, which determines ligand density, but only for the cellular-derived IDSP motif. This mechanism potentially offers a means of predictably regulating early HSC fate decisions. Consequently, the innovative multifunctional hydrogel holds promise for deciphering dynamic HSPC-niche interactions and refining transplantation therapy protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Ludwig-Husemann
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
- Institute of Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Peter Schertl
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ananya Shrivastava
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Udo Geckle
- Institute for Applied Materials - Energy Storage Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Johanna Hafner
- Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Applied Mechanics Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Gotthard-Franz-Str. 3, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Frank Schaarschmidt
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
| | - Norbert Willenbacher
- Institute for Mechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics, Applied Mechanics Group, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Gotthard-Franz-Str. 3, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Uwe Freudenberg
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden e.V, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carsten Werner
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden e.V, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Hohe Str. 6, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Cornelia Lee-Thedieck
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany
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3
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Garrido-Casado M, Asensio-Juárez G, Talayero VC, Vicente-Manzanares M. Engines of change: Nonmuscle myosin II in mechanobiology. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2024; 87:102344. [PMID: 38442667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of mechanobiology has unveiled complex mechanisms by which cells adjust intracellular force production to their needs. Most communicable intracellular forces are generated by myosin II, an actin-associated molecular motor that transforms adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis into contraction in nonmuscle and muscle cells. Myosin II-dependent force generation is tightly regulated, and deregulation is associated with specific pathologies. Here, we focus on the role of myosin II (nonmuscle myosin II, NMII) in force generation and mechanobiology. We outline the regulation and molecular mechanism of force generation by NMII, focusing on the actual outcome of contraction, that is, force application to trigger mechanosensitive events or the building of dissipative structures. We describe how myosin II-generated forces drive two major types of events: modification of the cellular morphology and/or triggering of genetic programs, which enhance the ability of cells to adapt to, or modify, their microenvironment. Finally, we address whether targeting myosin II to impair or potentiate its activity at the motor level is a viable therapeutic strategy, as illustrated by recent examples aimed at modulating cardiac myosin II function in heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Garrido-Casado
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer/ Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Gloria Asensio-Juárez
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer/ Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Vanessa C Talayero
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer/ Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Miguel Vicente-Manzanares
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer/ Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
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4
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Ma K, Wang X, Wu L, Yu L, Ye J, Li X, Geng L, Shi Z, Yang H, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wu S, Yuan P, Zhang Y, Dong F, Hao S, Hu L, Wei W, Fang R, Cheng T. CEA cell adhesion molecule 5 enriches functional human hematopoietic stem cells capable of long-term multi-lineage engraftment. iScience 2023; 26:108561. [PMID: 38144459 PMCID: PMC10746536 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) surface markers improve the understanding of cell identity and function. Here, we report that human HSCs can be distinguished by their expression of the CEA Cell Adhesion Molecule 5 (CEACAM5, CD66e), which serves as a marker and a regulator of HSC function. CD66e+ cells exhibited a 5.5-fold enrichment for functional long term HSCs compared to CD66e- cells. CD66e+CD34+CD90+CD45RA- cells displayed robust multi-lineage repopulation and serial reconstitution ability in immunodeficient mice compared to CD66e-CD34+CD90+CD45RA-cells. CD66e expression also identified almost all repopulating HSCs within the CD34+CD90+CD45RA- population. Together, these results indicated that CEACAM5 is a marker that enriches functional human hematopoietic stem cells capable of long-term multi-lineage engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuiying Ma
- EdiGene Inc., Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Linjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Lingling Yu
- EdiGene Inc., Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jinhui Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Xueling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Lili Geng
- EdiGene Inc., Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhongyu Shi
- EdiGene Inc., Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Huihui Yang
- EdiGene Inc., Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xijuan Zhang
- EdiGene Inc., Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yongjian Zhang
- EdiGene Inc., Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shuchang Wu
- EdiGene Inc., Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Pengfei Yuan
- EdiGene Inc., Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yingchi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Fang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Sha Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Linping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Wensheng Wei
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University Genome Editing Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Riguo Fang
- EdiGene Inc., Life Science Park, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Center for Stem Cell Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300000, China
- Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300000, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
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5
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Gupta P, Alheib O, Shin JW. Towards single cell encapsulation for precision biology and medicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 201:115010. [PMID: 37454931 PMCID: PMC10798218 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The primary impetus of therapeutic cell encapsulation in the past several decades has been to broaden the options for donor cell sources by countering against immune-mediated rejection. However, another significant advantage of encapsulation is to provide donor cells with physiologically relevant cues that become compromised in disease. The advances in biomaterial design have led to the fundamental insight that cells sense and respond to various signals encoded in materials, ranging from biochemical to mechanical cues. The biomaterial design for cell encapsulation is becoming more sophisticated in controlling specific aspects of cellular phenotypes and more precise down to the single cell level. This recent progress offers a paradigm shift by designing single cell-encapsulating materials with predefined cues to precisely control donor cells after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerak Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Omar Alheib
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães 4805-017, Portugal
| | - Jae-Won Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.
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6
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Shi G, Zhang P, Zhang X, Li J, Zheng X, Yan J, Zhang N, Yang H. The spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the biophysical microenvironment during hematopoietic stem cell development: from embryo to adult. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:251. [PMID: 37705072 PMCID: PMC10500792 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03464-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) with the ability to self-renew and differentiate are responsible for maintaining the supply of all types of blood cells. The complex and delicate microenvironment surrounding HSCs is called the HSC niche and can provide physical, chemical, and biological stimuli to regulate the survival, maintenance, proliferation, and differentiation of HSCs. Currently, the exploration of the biophysical regulation of HSCs remains in its infancy. There is evidence that HSCs are susceptible to biophysical stimuli, suggesting that the construction of engineered niche biophysical microenvironments is a promising way to regulate the fate of HSCs in vitro and ultimately contribute to clinical applications. In this review, we introduced the spatiotemporal heterogeneous biophysical microenvironment during HSC development, homeostasis, and malignancy. Furthermore, we illustrated how these biophysical cues contribute to HSC behaviors, as well as the possible mechanotransduction mechanisms from the extracellular microenvironment into cells. Comprehending the important functions of these biophysical regulatory factors will provide novel approaches to resolve clinical problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders & Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinmin Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinxiao Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Biological Diagnosis, Treatment and Protection Technology and Equipment, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
- Research Center of Special Environmental Biomechanics & Medical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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7
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González-Novo R, de Lope-Planelles A, Cruz Rodríguez MP, González-Murillo Á, Madrazo E, Acitores D, García de Lacoba M, Ramírez M, Redondo-Muñoz J. 3D environment controls H3K4 methylation and the mechanical response of the nucleus in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151343. [PMID: 37494871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer, and the infiltration of leukemic cells is critical for disease progression and relapse. Nuclear deformability plays a critical role in cancer cell invasion through confined spaces; however, the direct impact of epigenetic changes on the nuclear deformability of leukemic cells remains unclear. Here, we characterized how 3D collagen matrix conditions induced H3K4 methylation in ALL cell lines and clinical samples. We used specific shRNA and chemical inhibitors to target WDR5 (a core subunit involved in H3K4 methylation) and determined that targeting WDR5 reduced the H3K4 methylation induced by the 3D environment and the invasiveness of ALL cells in vitro and in vivo. Intriguingly, targeting WDR5 did not reduce the adhesion or the chemotactic response of leukemia cells, suggesting a different mechanism by which H3K4 methylation might govern ALL cell invasiveness. Finally, we conducted biochemical, and biophysical experiments to determine that 3D environments promoted the alteration of the chromatin, the morphology, and the mechanical behavior of the nucleus in ALL cells. Collectively, our data suggest that 3D environments control an upregulation of H3K4 methylation in ALL cells, and targeting WDR5 might serve as a promising therapeutic target against ALL invasiveness in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel González-Novo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB Margarita Salas-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana de Lope-Planelles
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB Margarita Salas-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Pilar Cruz Rodríguez
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB Margarita Salas-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - África González-Murillo
- Oncolohematology Unit, Hospital Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Madrazo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB Margarita Salas-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Acitores
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mario García de Lacoba
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB Margarita Salas-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Ramírez
- Oncolohematology Unit, Hospital Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain; Health Research Institute La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Redondo-Muñoz
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB Margarita Salas-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Guinard I, Nguyen T, Brassard-Jollive N, Weber J, Ruch L, Reininger L, Brouard N, Eckly A, Collin D, Lanza F, Léon C. Matrix stiffness controls megakaryocyte adhesion, fibronectin fibrillogenesis, and proplatelet formation through Itgβ3. Blood Adv 2023; 7:4003-4018. [PMID: 37171626 PMCID: PMC10410137 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs) are the precursor cells of platelets, located in the bone marrow (BM). Once mature, they extend elongated projections named proplatelets through sinusoid vessels, emerging from the marrow stroma into the circulating blood. Not all signals from the microenvironment that regulate proplatelet formation are understood, particularly those from the BM biomechanics. We sought to investigate how MKs perceive and adapt to modifications of the stiffness of their environment. Although the BM is one of the softest tissue of the body, its rigidification results from excess fibronectin (FN), and other matrix protein deposition occur upon myelofibrosis. Here, we have shown that mouse MKs are able to detect the stiffness of a FN-coated substrate and adapt their morphology accordingly. Using a polydimethylsiloxane substrate with stiffness varying from physiological to pathological marrow, we found that a stiff matrix favors spreading, intracellular contractility, and FN fibrils assembly at the expense of proplatelet formation. Itgb3, but not Itgb1, is required for stiffness sensing, whereas both integrins are involved in fibrils assembly. In contrast, soft substrates promote proplatelet formation in an Itgb3-dependent manner, consistent with the ex vivo decrease in proplatelet formation and the in vivo decrease in platelet number in Itgb3-deficient mice. Our findings demonstrate the importance of environmental stiffness for MK functions with potential pathophysiological implications during pathologies that deregulate FN deposition and modulate stiffness in the marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Guinard
- UMR_S1255, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Thao Nguyen
- UMR_S1255, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Noémie Brassard-Jollive
- UMR_S1255, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Josiane Weber
- UMR_S1255, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurie Ruch
- UMR_S1255, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laura Reininger
- UMR_S1255, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nathalie Brouard
- UMR_S1255, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anita Eckly
- UMR_S1255, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - François Lanza
- UMR_S1255, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine Léon
- UMR_S1255, INSERM, Etablissement Français du Sang-Grand Est, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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9
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Zhang X, Cao D, Xu L, Xu Y, Gao Z, Pan Y, Jiang M, Wei Y, Wang L, Liao Y, Wang Q, Yang L, Xu X, Gao Y, Gao S, Wang J, Yue R. Harnessing matrix stiffness to engineer a bone marrow niche for hematopoietic stem cell rejuvenation. Cell Stem Cell 2023; 30:378-395.e8. [PMID: 37028404 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and aging are tightly regulated by paracrine factors from the bone marrow niche. However, whether HSC rejuvenation could be achieved by engineering a bone marrow niche ex vivo remains unknown. Here, we show that matrix stiffness fine-tunes HSC niche factor expression by bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Increased stiffness activates Yap/Taz signaling to promote BMSC expansion upon 2D culture, which is largely reversed by 3D culture in soft gelatin methacrylate hydrogels. Notably, 3D co-culture with BMSCs promotes HSC maintenance and lymphopoiesis, reverses aging hallmarks of HSCs, and restores their long-term multilineage reconstitution capacity. In situ atomic force microscopy analysis reveals that mouse bone marrow stiffens with age, which correlates with a compromised HSC niche. Taken together, this study highlights the biomechanical regulation of the HSC niche by BMSCs, which could be harnessed to engineer a soft bone marrow niche for HSC rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Dandan Cao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Liting Xu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanhua Xu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zehua Gao
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuanzhong Pan
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuhui Wei
- The Interdisciplinary Research Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- The Interdisciplinary Research Center, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yue Liao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qigang Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaocui Xu
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yawei Gao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Shaorong Gao
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jing Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Rui Yue
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200120, China.
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10
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Wang X, Wang Z, Liu B, Jin R, Song Y, Fei R, Cong X, Huang R, Li X, Yang J, Wei L, Rao H, Liu F. Characteristic gene expression in the liver monocyte-macrophage-DC system is associated with the progression of fibrosis in NASH. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1098056. [PMID: 36911682 PMCID: PMC9998489 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1098056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The monocyte-macrophage-dendritic cell (DC) (MMD) system exerts crucial functions that may modulate fibrogenesis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In this study, we explored the cell characteristics, distribution and developmental trajectory of the liver MMD system in NASH mice with fibrosis and clarified characteristic genes of the MMD system involved in liver fibrosis progression in NASH mice and patients. Methods Single cells in liver tissue samples from NASH and normal mice were quantified using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the MMD system by pseudotime analysis were validated by tyramide signal amplification (TSA)-immunohistochemical staining (IHC) and analyzed by second harmonic generation (SHG)/two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF). Results Compared with control mice, there were increased numbers of monocytes, Kupffer cells, and DCs in two NASH mouse models. From the transcriptional profiles of these single cells, we identified 8 monocyte subsets (Mono1-Mono8) with different molecular and functional properties. Furthermore, the pseudotime analysis showed that Mono5 and Mono6 were at the beginning of the trajectory path, whereas Mono2, Mono4, Kupffer cells and DCs were at a terminal state. Genes related to liver collagen production were at the late stage of this trajectory path. DEGs analysis revealed that the genes Fmnl1 and Myh9 in the MMD system were gradually upregulated during the trajectory. By TSA-IHC, the Fmnl1 and Myh9 expression levels were increased and associated with collagen production and fibrosis stage in NASH mice and patients. Conclusions Our transcriptome data provide a novel landscape of the MMD system that is involved in advanced NASH disease status. Fmnl1 and Myh9 expression in the MMD system was associated with the progression of NASH fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Zilong Wang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Baiyi Liu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Jin
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyun Song
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Fei
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Cong
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohe Li
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Yang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Rao
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Hepatology Institute, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hepatitis C and Immunotherapy for Liver Diseases, Beijing International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on NAFLD Diagnosis, Beijing, China
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11
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Cho IS, Gupta P, Mostafazadeh N, Wong SW, Saichellappa S, Lenzini S, Peng Z, Shin J. Deterministic Single Cell Encapsulation in Asymmetric Microenvironments to Direct Cell Polarity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206014. [PMID: 36453581 PMCID: PMC9875620 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Various signals in tissue microenvironments are often unevenly distributed around cells. Cellular responses to asymmetric cell-matrix adhesion in a 3D space remain generally unclear and are to be studied at the single-cell resolution. Here, the authors developed a droplet-based microfluidic approach to manufacture a pure population of single cells in a microscale layer of compartmentalized 3D hydrogel matrices with a tunable spatial presentation of ligands at the subcellular level. Cells elongate with an asymmetric presentation of the integrin adhesion ligand Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), while cells expand isotropically with a symmetric presentation of RGD. Membrane tension is higher on the side of single cells interacting with RGD than on the side without RGD. Finite element analysis shows that a non-uniform isotropic cell volume expansion model is sufficient to recapitulate the experimental results. At a longer timescale, asymmetric ligand presentation commits mesenchymal stem cells to the osteogenic lineage. Cdc42 is an essential mediator of cell polarization and lineage specification in response to asymmetric cell-matrix adhesion. This study highlights the utility of precisely controlling 3D ligand presentation around single cells to direct cell polarity for regenerative engineering and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik Sung Cho
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Chicago College of MedicineChicagoIL60612USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL60607USA
| | - Prerak Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Chicago College of MedicineChicagoIL60612USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL60607USA
| | - Nima Mostafazadeh
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL60607USA
| | - Sing Wan Wong
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Chicago College of MedicineChicagoIL60612USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL60607USA
| | - Saiumamaheswari Saichellappa
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Chicago College of MedicineChicagoIL60612USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL60607USA
| | - Stephen Lenzini
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Chicago College of MedicineChicagoIL60612USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL60607USA
| | - Zhangli Peng
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL60607USA
| | - Jae‐Won Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Chicago College of MedicineChicagoIL60612USA
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL60607USA
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12
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Hong J, Zheng W, Wang X, Hao Y, Cheng G. Biomedical polymer scaffolds mimicking bone marrow niches to advance in vitro expansion of hematopoietic stem cells. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:9755-9769. [PMID: 36444902 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01211a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation provides an effective platform for the treatment of hematological disorders. However, the donor shortage of HSCs and immune responses severely restrict the clinical applications of HSCs. Compared to allogeneic transplantation, autogenous transplantation poses less risk to the immune system, but the problem associated with insufficient HSCs remains a substantial challenge. A significant strategy for obtaining sufficient HSCs is to promote the expansion of HSCs. In vivo, a bone marrow microenvironment supports the survival and hematopoiesis of HSCs. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a platform that mimics the features of a bone marrow microenvironment for the in vitro expansion of HSCs. Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds have emerged as the most powerful tools to mimic cellular microenvironments for the growth and proliferation of stem cells. Biomedical polymers have been widely utilized as cell scaffolds due to their advantageous features including favorable biocompatibility, biodegradability, as well as adjustable physical and chemical properties. This review focuses on recent advances in the study of biomedical polymer scaffolds that mimic bone marrow microenvironments for the in vitro expansion of HSCs. Bone marrow transplantation and microenvironments are first introduced. Then, biomedical polymer scaffolds for the expansion of HSCs and future prospects are summarized and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hong
- Guangdong Institute of Semiconductor Micro-Nano Manufacturing Technology, Guangdong 528200, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu 215123, China. .,School of Nano-Tech and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wenlong Zheng
- Suzhou Kowloon Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Jiangsu 215021, China
| | | | - Ying Hao
- Guangdong Institute of Semiconductor Micro-Nano Manufacturing Technology, Guangdong 528200, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu 215123, China. .,School of Nano-Tech and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Guosheng Cheng
- Guangdong Institute of Semiconductor Micro-Nano Manufacturing Technology, Guangdong 528200, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiangsu 215123, China. .,School of Nano-Tech and Nano Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
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13
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Hu D, Dong Z, Li B, Lu F, Li Y. Mechanical Force Directs Proliferation and Differentiation of Stem Cells. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B: REVIEWS 2022; 29:141-150. [PMID: 35979892 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2022.0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells have attracted much attention in the field of regeneration due to their unique ability to promote regeneration. Among the many approaches used to regulate directed proliferation and differentiation of stem cells, application of mechanical forces is safe, simple, and easy to implement, all of which are advantageous to practical applications. In this review, the mechanisms of mechanical regulation of stem cell proliferation and differentiation are summarized with emphasis on force transduction pathways from the extracellular matrix to the nucleus. Prospects for future clinical applications are also discussed. In conclusion, through specific signaling pathways, mechanical signals ultimately affect gene expression and thus guide cell fate. Mechanical factors can regulate proliferation and differentiation of stem cells through signaling pathways, a greater understanding of which will contribute to future research and applications of cell regeneration therapy. Impact statement Mechanical mechanics is vital for the regulation of cell fate; especially in the field of regenerative medicine, mechanical control has characteristics that are simple and comparable. Mechanically regulated pathways exist widely in cells and are distributed at various structural levels of cells. In this review, we categorized the mechanical regulatory pathways through the clue of the mechanical transmission. We tried to include some newly researched pathways, such as Piezo-related pathways, to show the recent vigorous development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delin Hu
- Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,
| | - Ziqing Dong
- Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,
| | - Bin Li
- Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,
| | - Feng Lu
- Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,
| | - Ye Li
- Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, guangzhou, Guangzhou, China, 510515,
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14
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Dozzo A, Galvin A, Shin JW, Scalia S, O'Driscoll CM, Ryan KB. Modelling acute myeloid leukemia (AML): What's new? A transition from the classical to the modern. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022:10.1007/s13346-022-01189-4. [PMID: 35930221 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01189-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous malignancy affecting myeloid cells in the bone marrow (BM) but can spread giving rise to impaired hematopoiesis. AML incidence increases with age and is associated with poor prognostic outcomes. There has been a disconnect between the success of novel drug compounds observed in preclinical studies of hematological malignancy and less than exceptional therapeutic responses in clinical trials. This review aims to provide a state-of-the-art overview on the different preclinical models of AML available to expand insights into disease pathology and as preclinical screening tools. Deciphering the complex physiological and pathological processes and developing predictive preclinical models are key to understanding disease progression and fundamental in the development and testing of new effective drug treatments. Standard scaffold-free suspension models fail to recapitulate the complex environment where AML occurs. To this end, we review advances in scaffold/matrix-based 3D models and outline the most recent advances in on-chip technology. We also provide an overview of clinically relevant animal models and review the expanding use of patient-derived samples, which offer the prospect to create more "patient specific" screening tools either in the guise of 3D matrix models, microphysiological "organ-on-chip" tools or xenograft models and discuss representative examples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aoife Galvin
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jae-Won Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, 909 S. Wolcott Ave, Chicago, IL, 5091 COMRB, USA
| | - Santo Scalia
- Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Caitriona M O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,SSPC Centre for Pharmaceutical Research, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Katie B Ryan
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. .,SSPC Centre for Pharmaceutical Research, School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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15
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Aparici Herraiz I, Caires HR, Castillo-Fernández Ó, Sima N, Méndez-Mora L, Risueño RM, Sattabongkot J, Roobsoong W, Hernández-Machado A, Fernandez-Becerra C, Barrias CC, del Portillo HA. Advancing Key Gaps in the Knowledge of Plasmodium vivax Cryptic Infections Using Humanized Mouse Models and Organs-on-Chips. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:920204. [PMID: 35873153 PMCID: PMC9302440 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.920204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax is the most widely distributed human malaria parasite representing 36.3% of disease burden in the South-East Asia region and the most predominant species in the region of the Americas. Recent estimates indicate that 3.3 billion of people are under risk of infection with circa 7 million clinical cases reported each year. This burden is certainly underestimated as the vast majority of chronic infections are asymptomatic. For centuries, it has been widely accepted that the only source of cryptic parasites is the liver dormant stages known as hypnozoites. However, recent evidence indicates that niches outside the liver, in particular in the spleen and the bone marrow, can represent a major source of cryptic chronic erythrocytic infections. The origin of such chronic infections is highly controversial as many key knowledge gaps remain unanswered. Yet, as parasites in these niches seem to be sheltered from immune response and antimalarial drugs, research on this area should be reinforced if elimination of malaria is to be achieved. Due to ethical and technical considerations, working with the liver, bone marrow and spleen from natural infections is very difficult. Recent advances in the development of humanized mouse models and organs-on-a-chip models, offer novel technological frontiers to study human diseases, vaccine validation and drug discovery. Here, we review current data of these frontier technologies in malaria, highlighting major challenges ahead to study P. vivax cryptic niches, which perpetuate transmission and burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Aparici Herraiz
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Hugo R. Caires
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Óscar Castillo-Fernández
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Sima
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Méndez-Mora
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth M. Risueño
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jetsumon Sattabongkot
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanlapa Roobsoong
- Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Aurora Hernández-Machado
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Matemàtica (CRM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Fernandez-Becerra
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Cristina C. Barrias
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- INEB – Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS – Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hernando A. del Portillo
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- *Correspondence: Hernando A. del Portillo,
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16
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Asymmetric division: the choice of fate for huHSCs. Blood 2022; 139:1930-1932. [PMID: 35357478 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021012726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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17
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The extracellular matrix of hematopoietic stem cell niches. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 181:114069. [PMID: 34838648 PMCID: PMC8860232 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive overview of different classes of ECM molecules in the HSC niche. Overview of current knowledge on role of biophysics of the HSC niche. Description of approaches to create artificial stem cell niches for several application. Importance of considering ECM in drug development and testing.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the life-long source of all types of blood cells. Their function is controlled by their direct microenvironment, the HSC niche in the bone marrow. Although the importance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the niche by orchestrating niche architecture and cellular function is widely acknowledged, it is still underexplored. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the ECM in HSC niches. For this purpose, we first briefly outline HSC niche biology and then review the role of the different classes of ECM molecules in the niche one by one and how they are perceived by cells. Matrix remodeling and the emerging importance of biophysics in HSC niche function are discussed. Finally, the application of the current knowledge of ECM in the niche in form of artificial HSC niches for HSC expansion or targeted differentiation as well as drug testing is reviewed.
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18
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Elahi S. Hematopoietic responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:187. [PMID: 35284964 PMCID: PMC8918078 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04220-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Under physiological conditions, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the bone marrow niches are responsible for the highly regulated and interconnected hematopoiesis process. At the same time, they must recognize potential threats and respond promptly to protect the host. A wide spectrum of microbial agents/products and the consequences of infection-induced mediators (e.g. cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors) can have prominent impact on HSPCs. While COVID-19 starts as a respiratory tract infection, it is considered a systemic disease which profoundly alters the hematopoietic system. Lymphopenia, neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia, and stress erythropoiesis are the hallmark of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, thrombocytopenia and blood hypercoagulability are common among COVID-19 patients with severe disease. Notably, the invasion of erythroid precursors and progenitors by SARS-CoV-2 is a cardinal feature of COVID-19 disease which may in part explain the mechanism underlying hypoxia. These pieces of evidence support the notion of skewed steady-state hematopoiesis to stress hematopoiesis following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The functional consequences of these alterations depend on the magnitude of the effect, which launches a unique hematopoietic response that is associated with increased myeloid at the expense of decreased lymphoid cells. This article reviews some of the key pathways including the infectious and inflammatory processes that control hematopoiesis, followed by a comprehensive review that summarizes the latest evidence and discusses how SARS-CoV-2 infection impacts hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokrollah Elahi
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Division of Foundational Sciences, Department of Oncology, and Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, 7020 Katz Group Centre, 11361-87th Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
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Pereira DR, Silva-Correia J, Oliveira JM, Reis RL, Pandit A. Macromolecular modulation of a 3D hydrogel construct differentially regulates human stem cell tissue-to-tissue interface. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 133:112611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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20
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Hao J, Zhou H, Nemes K, Yen D, Zhao W, Bramlett C, Wang B, Lu R, Shen K. Membrane-bound SCF and VCAM-1 synergistically regulate the morphology of hematopoietic stem cells. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:212562. [PMID: 34402812 PMCID: PMC8374872 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-bound factors expressed by niche stromal cells constitute a unique class of localized cues and regulate the long-term functions of adult stem cells, yet little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Here, we used a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) to recapitulate the membrane-bound interactions between hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and niche stromal cells. HSCs cluster membrane-bound stem cell factor (mSCF) at the HSC-SLB interface. They further form a polarized morphology with aggregated mSCF under a large protrusion through a synergy with VCAM-1 on the bilayer, which drastically enhances HSC adhesion. These features are unique to mSCF and HSCs among the factors and hematopoietic populations we examined. The mSCF-VCAM-1 synergy and the polarized HSC morphology require PI3K signaling and cytoskeletal reorganization. The synergy also enhances nuclear retention of FOXO3a, a crucial factor for HSC maintenance, and minimizes its loss induced by soluble SCF. Our work thus reveals a unique role and signaling mechanism of membrane-bound factors in regulating stem cell morphology and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Hao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kristen Nemes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Daniel Yen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Winfield Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Charles Bramlett
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Bowen Wang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Rong Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Keyue Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.,USC Stem Cell, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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21
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Rebuilding the hematopoietic stem cell niche: Recent developments and future prospects. Acta Biomater 2021; 132:129-148. [PMID: 33813090 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have proven their clinical relevance in stem cell transplantation to cure patients with hematological disorders. Key to their regenerative potential is their natural microenvironment - their niche - in the bone marrow (BM). Developments in the field of biomaterials enable the recreation of such environments with increasing preciseness in the laboratory. Such artificial niches help to gain a fundamental understanding of the biophysical and biochemical processes underlying the interaction of HSCs with the materials in their environment and the disturbance of this interplay during diseases affecting the BM. Artificial niches also have the potential to multiply HSCs in vitro, to enable the targeted differentiation of HSCs into mature blood cells or to serve as drug-testing platforms. In this review, we will introduce the importance of artificial niches followed by the biology and biophysics of the natural archetype. We will outline how 2D biomaterials can be used to dissect the complexity of the natural niche into individual parameters for fundamental research and how 3D systems evolved from them. We will present commonly used biomaterials for HSC research and their applications. Finally, we will highlight two areas in the field of HSC research, which just started to unlock the possibilities provided by novel biomaterials, in vitro blood production and studying the pathophysiology of the niche in vitro. With these contents, the review aims to give a broad overview of the different biomaterials applied for HSC research and to discuss their potentials, challenges and future directions in the field. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are multipotent cells responsible for maintaining the turnover of all blood cells. They are routinely applied to treat patients with hematological diseases. This high clinical relevance explains the necessity of multiplication or differentiation of HSCs in the laboratory, which is hampered by the missing natural microenvironment - the so called niche. Biomaterials offer the possibility to mimic the niche and thus overcome this hurdle. The review introduces the HSC niche in the bone marrow and discusses the utility of biomaterials in creating artificial niches. It outlines how 2D systems evolved into sophisticated 3D platforms, which opened the gateway to applications such as, expansion of clinically relevant HSCs, in vitro blood production, studying niche pathologies and drug testing.
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22
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Li H, Luo Q, Shan W, Cai S, Tie R, Xu Y, Lin Y, Qian P, Huang H. Biomechanical cues as master regulators of hematopoietic stem cell fate. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5881-5902. [PMID: 34232331 PMCID: PMC8316214 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) perceive both soluble signals and biomechanical inputs from their microenvironment and cells themselves. Emerging as critical regulators of the blood program, biomechanical cues such as extracellular matrix stiffness, fluid mechanical stress, confined adhesiveness, and cell-intrinsic forces modulate multiple capacities of HSCs through mechanotransduction. In recent years, research has furthered the scientific community's perception of mechano-based signaling networks in the regulation of several cellular processes. However, the underlying molecular details of the biomechanical regulatory paradigm in HSCs remain poorly elucidated and researchers are still lacking in the ability to produce bona fide HSCs ex vivo for clinical use. This review presents an overview of the mechanical control of both embryonic and adult HSCs, discusses some recent insights into the mechanisms of mechanosensing and mechanotransduction, and highlights the application of mechanical cues aiming at HSC expansion or differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghu Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyang Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruxiu Tie
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Lin
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
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Asymmetric organelle inheritance predicts human blood stem cell fate. Blood 2021; 139:2011-2023. [PMID: 34314497 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020009778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding human hematopoietic stem cell fate control is important for their improved therapeutic manipulation. Asymmetric cell division, the asymmetric inheritance of factors during division instructing future daughter cell fates, was recently described in mouse blood stem cells. In human blood stem cells, the possible existence of asymmetric cell division remained unclear due to technical challenges in its direct observation. Here, we use long-term quantitative single-cell imaging to show that lysosomes and active mitochondria are asymmetrically inherited in human blood stem cells and that their inheritance is a coordinated, non-random process. Furthermore, multiple additional organelles, including autophagosomes, mitophagosomes, autolysosomes and recycling endosomes show preferential asymmetric co-segregation with lysosomes. Importantly, asymmetric lysosomal inheritance predicts future asymmetric daughter cell cycle length, differentiation and stem cell marker expression, while asymmetric inheritance of active mitochondria correlates with daughter metabolic activity. Hence, human hematopoietic stem cell fates are regulated by asymmetric cell division, with both mechanistic evolutionary conservation and differences to the mouse system.
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Garrido-Casado M, Asensio-Juárez G, Vicente-Manzanares M. Nonmuscle Myosin II Regulation Directs Its Multiple Roles in Cell Migration and Division. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2021; 37:285-310. [PMID: 34314591 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-042721-105528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nonmuscle myosin II (NMII) is a multimeric protein complex that generates most mechanical force in eukaryotic cells. NMII function is controlled at three main levels. The first level includes events that trigger conformational changes that extend the complex to enable its assembly into filaments. The second level controls the ATPase activity of the complex and its binding to microfilaments in extended NMII filaments. The third level includes events that modulate the stability and contractility of the filaments. They all work in concert to finely control force generation inside cells. NMII is a common endpoint of mechanochemical signaling pathways that control cellular responses to physical and chemical extracellular cues. Specific phosphorylations modulate NMII activation in a context-dependent manner. A few kinases control these phosphorylations in a spatially, temporally, and lineage-restricted fashion, enabling functional adaptability to the cellular microenvironment. Here, we review mechanisms that control NMII activity in the context of cell migration and division. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, Volume 37 is October 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Garrido-Casado
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Gloria Asensio-Juárez
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Miguel Vicente-Manzanares
- Molecular Mechanisms Program, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
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25
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Liang K, Du Y. Cell engineering techniques improve pharmacology of cellular therapeutics. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2021; 2:100016. [PMID: 36824659 PMCID: PMC9934495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the rapid growth of clinical trials for cellular therapy worldwide, their clinical success is still afflicted with formidable challenges demanding conceptual and technological overhaul. Pharmacology, which is conventionally divided into pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) in drug discovery have emerged as a prominent research direction to elucidate the cell fate and ensure the efficacy and safety of the therapeutic cells. Herein, we concisely present the dilemmas of cellular therapies, the concept of cell pharmacology, and the advances in cell engineering that leverage the cell formulation technologies to modulate cellular PK/PD for development of more cogent and versatile cell-based therapies.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are in an inactive quiescent state for most of their life. To replenish the blood system in homeostasis and after injury, they activate and divide. HSC daughter cells must then decide whether to return to quiescence and metabolic inactivity or to activate further to proliferate and differentiate and replenish lost blood cells. Although the regulation of HSC activation is not well understood, recent discoveries shed new light on involved mechanisms including asymmetric cell division (ACD). RECENT FINDINGS HSC metabolism has emerged as a regulator of cell fates. Recent evidence suggests that cellular organelles mediating anabolic and catabolic processes can be asymmetrically inherited during HSC divisions. These include autophagosomes, mitophagosomes, and lysosomes, which regulate HSC quiescence. Their asymmetric inheritance has been linked to future metabolic and translational activity in HSC daughters, showing that ACD can regulate the balance between HSC (in)activity. SUMMARY We discuss recent insights and remaining questions in how HSCs balance activation and quiescence, with a focus on ACD.
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3D Scaffolds to Model the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche: Applications and Perspectives. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14030569. [PMID: 33530372 PMCID: PMC7865713 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are responsible for the production of blood and immune cells during life. HSC fate decisions are dependent on signals from specialized microenvironments in the bone marrow, termed niches. The HSC niche is a tridimensional environment that comprises cellular, chemical, and physical elements. Introductorily, we will revise the current knowledge of some relevant elements of the niche. Despite the importance of the niche in HSC function, most experimental approaches to study human HSCs use bidimensional models. Probably, this contributes to the failure in translating many in vitro findings into a clinical setting. Recreating the complexity of the bone marrow microenvironment in vitro would provide a powerful tool to achieve in vitro production of HSCs for transplantation, develop more effective therapies for hematologic malignancies and provide deeper insight into the HSC niche. We previously demonstrated that an optimized decellularization method can preserve with striking detail the ECM architecture of the bone marrow niche and support HSC culture. We will discuss the potential of this decellularized scaffold as HSC niche model. Besides decellularized scaffolds, several other methods have been reported to mimic some characteristics of the HSC niche. In this review, we will examine these models and their applications, advantages, and limitations.
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28
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Biomechanical Regulation of Stem Cell Fate. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-020-00183-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Santos Rosalem G, Gonzáles Torres LA, de Las Casas EB, Mathias FAS, Ruiz JC, Carvalho MGR. Microfluidics and organ-on-a-chip technologies: A systematic review of the methods used to mimic bone marrow. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243840. [PMID: 33306749 PMCID: PMC7732112 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) is an organ responsible for crucial processes in living organs, e. g., hematopoiesis. In recent years, Organ-on-a-Chip (OoC) devices have been used to satisfy the need for in vitro systems that better mimic the phenomena occurring in the BM microenvironment. Given the growing interest in these systems and the diversity of developed devices, an integrative systematic literature review is required. We have performed this review, following the PRISMA method aiming to identify the main characteristics and assess the effectiveness of the devices that were developed to represent the BM. A search was performed in the Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science and Science Direct databases using the keywords (("bone marrow" OR "hematopoietic stem cells" OR "haematopoietic stem cells") AND ("organ in a" OR "lab on a chip" OR "microfluidic" OR "microfluidic*" OR ("bioreactor" AND "microfluidic*"))). Original research articles published between 2009 and 2020 were included in the review, giving a total of 21 papers. The analysis of these papers showed that their main purpose was to study BM cells biology, mimic BM niches, model pathological BM, and run drug assays. Regarding the fabrication protocols, we have observed that polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) material and soft lithography method were the most commonly used. To reproduce the microenvironment of BM, most devices used the type I collagen and alginate. Peristaltic and syringe pumps were mostly used for device perfusion. Regarding the advantages compared to conventional methods, there were identified three groups of OoC devices: perfused 3D BM; co-cultured 3D BM; and perfused co-cultured 3D BM. Cellular behavior and mimicking their processes and responses were the mostly commonly studied parameters. The results have demonstrated the effectiveness of OoC devices for research purposes compared to conventional cell cultures. Furthermore, the devices have a wide range of applicability and the potential to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Santos Rosalem
- Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jeronimo Conceição Ruiz
- Biosystems and Genomics Group, René Rachou Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Computational and Systems Biology of the Institute Oswaldo Cruz (PGBCS/IOC/Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Janagama D, Hui SK. 3-D Cell Culture Systems in Bone Marrow Tissue and Organoid Engineering, and BM Phantoms as In Vitro Models of Hematological Cancer Therapeutics-A Review. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13245609. [PMID: 33316977 PMCID: PMC7763362 DOI: 10.3390/ma13245609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We review the state-of-the-art in bone and marrow tissue engineering (BMTE) and hematological cancer tissue engineering (HCTE) in light of the recent interest in bone marrow environment and pathophysiology of hematological cancers. This review focuses on engineered BM tissue and organoids as in vitro models of hematological cancer therapeutics, along with identification of BM components and their integration as synthetically engineered BM mimetic scaffolds. In addition, the review details interaction dynamics of various BM and hematologic cancer (HC) cell types in co-culture systems of engineered BM tissues/phantoms as well as their relation to drug resistance and cytotoxicity. Interaction between hematological cancer cells and their niche, and the difference with respect to the healthy niche microenvironment narrated. Future perspectives of BMTE for in vitro disease models, BM regeneration and large scale ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells for transplantation and therapy are explained. We conclude by overviewing the clinical application of biomaterials in BM and HC pathophysiology and its challenges and opportunities.
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31
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The extracellular matrix: A key player in the pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies. Blood Rev 2020; 48:100787. [PMID: 33317863 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells located in the bone marrow lay the foundation for multiple lineages of mature hematologic cells. Bone marrow niches are architecturally complex with specific cellular, physiochemical, and biomechanical factors. Increasing evidence suggests that the bone marrow microenvironment contributes to the pathogenesis of hematological neoplasms. Numerous studies have deciphered the role of genetic mutations and chromosomal translocations in the development hematologic malignancies. Significant progress has also been made in understanding how the cellular components and cytokine interactions within the bone marrow microenvironment promote the evolution of hematologic cancers. Although the extracellular matrix is known to be a key player in the pathogenesis of various diseases, it's role in the progression of hematologic malignancies is less understood. In this review, we discuss the interactions between the extracellular matrix and malignant cells, and provide an overview of the role of extracellular matrix remodeling in sustaining hematologic malignancies.
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32
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In Vivo Pre-Instructed HSCs Robustly Execute Asymmetric Cell Divisions In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218225. [PMID: 33153113 PMCID: PMC7663432 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are responsible for life-long production of all mature blood cells. Under homeostasis, HSCs in their native bone marrow niches are believed to undergo asymmetric cell divisions (ACDs), with one daughter cell maintaining HSC identity and the other committing to differentiate into various mature blood cell types. Due to the lack of key niche signals, in vitro HSCs differentiate rapidly, making it challenging to capture and study ACD. To overcome this bottleneck, in this study, we used interferon alpha (IFNα) treatment to "pre-instruct" HSC fate directly in their native niche, and then systematically studied the fate of dividing HSCs in vitro at the single cell level via time-lapse analysis, as well as multigene and protein expression analysis. Triggering HSCs' exit from dormancy via IFNα was found to significantly increase the frequency of asynchronous divisions in paired daughter cells (PDCs). Using single-cell gene expression analyses, we identified 12 asymmetrically expressed genes in PDCs. Subsequent immunocytochemistry analysis showed that at least three of the candidates, i.e., Glut1, JAM3 and HK2, were asymmetrically distributed in PDCs. Functional validation of these observations by colony formation assays highlighted the implication of asymmetric distribution of these markers as hallmarks of HSCs, for example, to reliably discriminate committed and self-renewing daughter cells in dividing HSCs. Our data provided evidence for the importance of in vivo instructions in guiding HSC fate, especially ACD, and shed light on putative molecular players involved in this process. Understanding the mechanisms of cell fate decision making should enable the development of improved HSC expansion protocols for therapeutic applications.
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Devine D, Vijayakumar V, Wong SW, Lenzini S, Newman P, Shin JW. Hydrogel Micropost Arrays with Single Post Tunability to Study Cell Volume and Mechanotransduction. ADVANCED BIOSYSTEMS 2020; 4:e2000012. [PMID: 33053274 PMCID: PMC7704779 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix varies considerably in mechanical properties at the microscale. It remains unclear how cells respond to these properties, in part, due to lack of tools to create precisely defined microenvironments in a discrete manner. Here, freeform stereolithography is leveraged to control the placement and elastic modulus of individual hydrogel microposts that serve as discrete matrix signals to interface with cells. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) located in the interstitial spaces between microposts above a base layer are analyzed. Cell volume is higher when MSCs interact with more microposts. MSCs show higher strain energy when they interact simultaneously with 4-kPa and 20-kPa microposts than with mechanically homogeneous micropost arrays. MSCs are sensitive to pharmacological inhibition of Rho-associated protein kinase in 4-kPa arrays, but resistant when presented together with 20-kPa arrays. Yes-associated protein (YAP) activity increases with higher cell volume and elastic modulus of microposts. Surprisingly, YAP activity becomes less variable with higher cell volume and decreases with higher average force and strain energy per post when MSCs interact with both 4-kPa and 20-kPa microposts simultaneously. Together, these results describe a material system for systematically investigating how the placement and intrinsic properties of discrete matrix signals impact cell volume and mechanotransduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Devine
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vishwaarth Vijayakumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sing Wan Wong
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen Lenzini
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Peter Newman
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jae-Won Shin
- Department of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Boscher J, Guinard I, Eckly A, Lanza F, Léon C. Blood platelet formation at a glance. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/20/jcs244731. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.244731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The main function of blood platelets is to ensure hemostasis and prevent hemorrhages. The 1011 platelets needed daily are produced in a well-orchestrated process. However, this process is not yet fully understood and in vitro platelet production is still inefficient. Platelets are produced in the bone marrow by megakaryocytes, highly specialized precursor cells that extend cytoplasmic projections called proplatelets (PPTs) through the endothelial barrier of sinusoid vessels. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster we discuss the mechanisms and pathways involved in megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation processes. We especially address the – still underestimated – role of the microenvironment of the bone marrow, and present recent findings on how PPT extension in vivo differs from that in vitro and entails different mechanisms. Finally, we recapitulate old but recently revisited evidence that – although bone marrow does produce megakaryocytes and PPTs – remodeling and the release of bona fide platelets, mainly occur in the downstream microcirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Boscher
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ines Guinard
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anita Eckly
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - François Lanza
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine Léon
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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Biedzinski S, Agsu G, Vianay B, Delord M, Blanchoin L, Larghero J, Faivre L, Théry M, Brunet S. Microtubules control nuclear shape and gene expression during early stages of hematopoietic differentiation. EMBO J 2020; 39:e103957. [PMID: 33089509 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019103957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) can differentiate into all hematopoietic lineages to support hematopoiesis. Cells from the myeloid and lymphoid lineages fulfill distinct functions with specific shapes and intra-cellular architectures. The role of cytokines in the regulation of HSPC differentiation has been intensively studied but our understanding of the potential contribution of inner cell architecture is relatively poor. Here, we show that large invaginations are generated by microtubule constraints on the swelling nucleus of human HSPC during early commitment toward the myeloid lineage. These invaginations are associated with a local reduction of lamin B density, local loss of heterochromatin H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 marks, and changes in expression of specific hematopoietic genes. This establishes the role of microtubules in defining the unique lobulated nuclear shape observed in myeloid progenitor cells and suggests that this shape is important to establish the gene expression profile specific to this hematopoietic lineage. It opens new perspectives on the implications of microtubule-generated forces, in the early commitment to the myeloid lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Biedzinski
- INSERM, CEA, U976 - HIPI, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,CEA, INRA, CNRS, UMR5168 - LPCV, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Gökçe Agsu
- INSERM, CEA, U976 - HIPI, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,CEA, INRA, CNRS, UMR5168 - LPCV, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Benoit Vianay
- INSERM, CEA, U976 - HIPI, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,CEA, INRA, CNRS, UMR5168 - LPCV, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Marc Delord
- Recherche Clinique et Investigation, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Laurent Blanchoin
- INSERM, CEA, U976 - HIPI, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,CEA, INRA, CNRS, UMR5168 - LPCV, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jerome Larghero
- INSERM, CEA, U976 - HIPI, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Lionel Faivre
- INSERM, CEA, U976 - HIPI, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Unité de Thérapie Cellulaire, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Manuel Théry
- INSERM, CEA, U976 - HIPI, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,CEA, INRA, CNRS, UMR5168 - LPCV, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphane Brunet
- INSERM, CEA, U976 - HIPI, Institut de Recherche Saint Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,CEA, INRA, CNRS, UMR5168 - LPCV, Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
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Targeting Actomyosin Contractility Suppresses Malignant Phenotypes of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103460. [PMID: 32422910 PMCID: PMC7279019 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Actomyosin-mediated contractility is required for the majority of force-driven cellular events such as cell division, adhesion, and migration. Under pathological conditions, the role of actomyosin contractility in malignant phenotypes of various solid tumors has been extensively discussed, but the pathophysiological relevance in hematopoietic malignancies has yet to be elucidated. In this study, we found enhanced actomyosin contractility in diverse acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines represented by highly expressed non-muscle myosin heavy chain A (NMIIA) and increased phosphorylation of the myosin regulatory light chain. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of actomyosin contractility induced multivalent malignancy- suppressive effects in AML cells. In this context, perturbed actomyosin contractility enhances AML cell apoptosis through cytokinesis failure and aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation. Moreover, leukemic oncogenes were downregulated by the YAP/TAZ-mediated mechanotransduction pathway. Our results provide a theoretical background for targeting actomyosin contractility to suppress the malignancy of AML cells.
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Kwak JG, Lee J. Thermoresponsive Inverted Colloidal Crystal Hydrogel Scaffolds for Lymphoid Tissue Engineering. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901556. [PMID: 32017462 PMCID: PMC7103457 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inverted colloidal crystal (ICC) hydrogel scaffolds represent unique opportunities in modeling lymphoid tissues and expanding hematopoietic-lymphoid cells. Fully interconnected spherical pore arrays direct the formation of stromal networks and facilitate interactions between stroma and hematopoietic-lymphoid cells. However, due to the intricate architecture of these materials, release of expanded cells is restricted and requires mechanical disruption or chemical dissolution of the hydrogel scaffold. One potent biomaterials strategy to release pore-entrapped hematopoietic-lymphoid cells without breaking the scaffolds apart is to transiently increase the dimensions of these materials using stimuli-responsive polymers. Having this mindset, thermoresponsive ICC scaffolds that undergo rapid (<1 min) and substantial (>300%) diameter change over a physiological temperature range (4-37 °C) by using poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) with nanogel crosslinkers is developed. For a proof-of-concept study, the stromal niche by creating osteospheroids, aggregates of osteoblasts, and bone chips is first replicated, and subsequently Nalm-6 model hematopoietic-lymphoid cells are introduced. A sixfold increase in cell count is harvested when ICC hydrogel scaffolds are expanded without termination of the established 3D stromal cell culture. It is envisioned that thermoresponsive ICC hydrogel scaffolds will enable for scalable and sustainable ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic-lymphoid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Goo Kwak
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Life Sciences Laboratories N560, 240 Thatcher Road, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Jungwoo Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Life Sciences Laboratories N567, 240 Thatcher Road, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
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Nuclear failure, DNA damage, and cell cycle disruption after migration through small pores: a brief review. Essays Biochem 2019; 63:569-577. [PMID: 31366473 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In many contexts of development, regeneration, or disease such as cancer, a cell squeezes through a dense tissue or a basement membrane, constricting its nucleus. Here, we describe how the severity of nuclear deformation depends on a nucleus' mechanical properties that are mostly determined by the density of chromatin and by the nuclear lamina. We explain how constriction-induced nuclear deformation affects nuclear contents by causing (i) local density changes in chromatin and (ii) rupture of the nuclear lamina and envelope. Both processes mislocalize diffusible nuclear factors including key DNA repair and regulatory proteins. Importantly, these effects of constricted migration are accompanied by excess DNA damage, marked by phosphorylated histone γH2AX in fixed cells. Rupture has a number of downstream consequences that include a delayed cell cycle-consistent with a damage checkpoint-and modulation of differentiation, both of which are expected to affect migration-dependent processes ranging from wound healing to tumorigenic invasion.
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Abstract
Asymmetric cell division (ACD) is a conserved strategy for achieving cell diversity. A cell can undergo an intrinsic ACD through asymmetric segregation of cell fate determinants or cellular organelles. Recently, a new biophysical concept known as biomolecular phase separation, through which proteins and/or RNAs autonomously form a highly concentrated non-membrane-enclosed compartment via multivalent interactions, has provided new insights into the assembly and regulation of many membrane-less or membrane-attached organelles. Intriguingly, biomolecular phase separation is suggested to drive asymmetric condensation of cell fate determinants during ACD as well as organization of cellular organelles involved in ACD. In this Perspective, I first summarize recent findings on the molecular basis governing intrinsic ACD. Then I will discuss how ACD might be regulated by formation of dense molecular assemblies via phase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences , Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
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40
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Lenzini S, Devine D, Shin JW. Leveraging Biomaterial Mechanics to Improve Pluripotent Stem Cell Applications for Tissue Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:260. [PMID: 31649928 PMCID: PMC6795675 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A primary goal in tissue engineering is to develop functional tissues by recapitulating salient features of complex biological systems that exhibit a diverse range of physical forces. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are promising autologous cell sources to execute these developmental programs and their functions; however, cells require an extracellular environment where they will sense and respond to mechanical forces. Thus, understanding the biophysical relationships between stem cells and their extracellular environments will improve the ability to design complex biological systems through tissue engineering. This article first describes how the mechanical properties of the environment are important determinants of developmental processes, and then further details how biomaterials can be designed to precisely control the mechanics of cell-matrix interactions in order to study and define their reprogramming, self-renewal, differentiation, and morphogenesis. Finally, a perspective is presented on how insights from the mechanics of cell-matrix interactions can be leveraged to control pluripotent stem cells for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Lenzini
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Daniel Devine
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jae-Won Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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41
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From macroscopic mechanics to cell-effective stiffness within highly aligned macroporous collagen scaffolds. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 103:109760. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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42
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Du J, Fan Y, Guo Z, Wang Y, Zheng X, Huang C, Liang B, Gao L, Cao Y, Chen Y, Zhang X, Li L, Xu L, Wu C, Weitz DA, Feng X. Compression Generated by a 3D Supracellular Actomyosin Cortex Promotes Embryonic Stem Cell Colony Growth and Expression of Nanog and Oct4. Cell Syst 2019; 9:214-220.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2019.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Derakhshani M, Abbaszadeh H, Movassaghpour AA, Mehdizadeh A, Ebrahimi-Warkiani M, Yousefi M. Strategies for elevating hematopoietic stem cells expansion and engraftment capacity. Life Sci 2019; 232:116598. [PMID: 31247209 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a rare cell population in adult bone marrow, mobilized peripheral blood, and umbilical cord blood possessing self-renewal and differentiation capability into a full spectrum of blood cells. Bone marrow HSC transplantation has been considered as an ideal option for certain disorders treatment including hematologic diseases, leukemia, immunodeficiency, bone marrow failure syndrome, genetic defects such as thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, autoimmune disease, and certain solid cancers. Ex vivo proliferation of these cells prior to transplantation has been proposed as a potential solution against limited number of stem cells. In such culture process, MSCs have also been shown to exhibit high capacity for secretion of soluble mediators contributing to the principle biological and therapeutic activities of HSCs. In addition, endothelial cells have been introduced to bridge the blood and sub tissues in the bone marrow, as well as, HSCs regeneration induction and survival. Cell culture in the laboratory environment requires cell growth strict control to protect against contamination, symmetrical cell division and optimal conditions for maximum yield. In this regard, microfluidic systems provide culture and analysis capabilities in micro volume scales. Moreover, two-dimensional cultures cannot fully demonstrate extracellular matrix found in different tissues and organs as an abstract representation of three dimensional cell structure. Microfluidic systems can also strongly describe the effects of physical factors such as temperature and pressure on cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Derakhshani
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Abbaszadeh
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Movassaghpour
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Ebrahimi-Warkiani
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University Technology of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, 2007, Australia
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Cell Adhesion-Mediated Actomyosin Assembly Regulates the Activity of Cubitus Interruptus for Hematopoietic Progenitor Maintenance in Drosophila. Genetics 2019; 212:1279-1300. [PMID: 31138608 PMCID: PMC6707476 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.119.302209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The actomyosin network is involved in crucial cellular processes including morphogenesis, cell adhesion, apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, and collective cell migration in Drosophila, Caenorhabditiselegans, and mammals. Here, we demonstrate that Drosophila larval blood stem-like progenitors require actomyosin activity for their maintenance. Genetic loss of the actomyosin network from progenitors caused a decline in their number. Likewise, the progenitor population increased upon sustained actomyosin activation via phosphorylation by Rho-associated kinase. We show that actomyosin positively regulates larval blood progenitors by controlling the maintenance factor Cubitus interruptus (Ci). Overexpression of the maintenance signal via a constitutively activated construct (ci.HA) failed to sustain Ci-155 in the absence of actomyosin components like Zipper (zip) and Squash (sqh), thus favoring protein kinase A (PKA)-independent regulation of Ci activity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a change in cortical actomyosin assembly mediated by DE-cadherin modulates Ci activity, thereby determining progenitor status. Thus, loss of cell adhesion and downstream actomyosin activity results in desensitization of the progenitors to Hh signaling, leading to their differentiation. Our data reveal how cell adhesion and the actomyosin network cooperate to influence patterning, morphogenesis, and maintenance of the hematopoietic stem-like progenitor pool in the developing Drosophila hematopoietic organ.
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Pham TT, Monnard A, Helenius J, Lund E, Lee N, Müller DJ, Cabernard C. Spatiotemporally Controlled Myosin Relocalization and Internal Pressure Generate Sibling Cell Size Asymmetry. iScience 2019; 13:9-19. [PMID: 30785031 PMCID: PMC6383127 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metazoan cells can generate unequal-sized sibling cells during cell division. This form of asymmetric cell division depends on spindle geometry and Myosin distribution, but the underlying mechanics are unclear. Here, we use atomic force microscopy and live cell imaging to elucidate the biophysical forces involved in the establishment of physical asymmetry in Drosophila neural stem cells. We show that initial apical cortical expansion is driven by hydrostatic pressure, peaking shortly after anaphase onset, and enabled by a relief of actomyosin contractile tension on the apical cell cortex. An increase in contractile tension at the cleavage furrow combined with the relocalization of basally located Myosin initiates basal and sustains apical extension. We propose that spatiotemporally controlled actomyosin contractile tension and hydrostatic pressure enable biased cortical expansion to generate sibling cell size asymmetry. However, dynamic cleavage furrow repositioning can compensate for the lack of biased expansion to establish physical asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tri Thanh Pham
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Life Science Building, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Arnaud Monnard
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Life Science Building, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50-70, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jonne Helenius
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erik Lund
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Life Science Building, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nicole Lee
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Life Science Building, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Cancer Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Dr., Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Clemens Cabernard
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Life Science Building, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Ni F, Yu WM, Wang X, Fay ME, Young KM, Qiu Y, Lam WA, Sulchek TA, Cheng T, Scadden DT, Qu CK. Ptpn21 Controls Hematopoietic Stem Cell Homeostasis and Biomechanics. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 24:608-620.e6. [PMID: 30880025 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) quiescence is a tightly regulated process crucial for hematopoietic regeneration, which requires a healthy and supportive microenvironmental niche within the bone marrow (BM). Here, we show that deletion of Ptpn21, a protein tyrosine phosphatase highly expressed in HSCs, induces stem cell egress from the niche due to impaired retention within the BM. Ptpn21-/- HSCs exhibit enhanced mobility, decreased quiescence, increased apoptosis, and defective reconstitution capacity. Ptpn21 deletion also decreased HSC stiffness and increased physical deformability, in part by dephosphorylating Spetin1 (Tyr246), a poorly described component of the cytoskeleton. Elevated phosphorylation of Spetin1 in Ptpn21-/- cells impaired cytoskeletal remodeling, contributed to cortical instability, and decreased cell rigidity. Collectively, these findings show that Ptpn21 maintains cellular mechanics, which is correlated with its important functions in HSC niche retention and preservation of hematopoietic regeneration capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ni
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Wen-Mei Yu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Meredith E Fay
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Katherine M Young
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Yongzhi Qiu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Wilbur A Lam
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Todd A Sulchek
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - David T Scadden
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Cheng-Kui Qu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Winship Cancer Institute, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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Rao VV, Vu MK, Ma H, Killaars AR, Anseth KS. Rescuing mesenchymal stem cell regenerative properties on hydrogel substrates post serial expansion. Bioeng Transl Med 2019; 4:51-60. [PMID: 30680318 PMCID: PMC6336661 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) in most clinical trials requires millions of cells/kg, necessitating ex vivo expansion typically on stiff substrates (tissue culture polystyrene [TCPS]), which induces osteogenesis and replicative senescence. Here, we quantified how serial expansion on TCPS influences proliferation, expression of hMSC-specific surface markers, mechanosensing, and secretome. Results show decreased proliferation and surface marker expression after five passages (P5) and decreased mechanosensing ability and cytokine production at later passages (P11-P12). Next, we investigated the capacity of poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel matrices (E ~ 1 kPa) to rescue hMSC regenerative properties. Hydrogels reversed the reduction in cell surface marker expression observed at P5 on TCPS and increased secretion of cytokines for P11 hMSCs. Collectively, these results show that TCPS expansion significantly changes functional properties of hMSCs. However, some changes can be rescued by using hydrogels, suggesting that tailoring material properties could improve in vitro expansion methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha V. Rao
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO, 80303
- BioFrontiers InstituteUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO, 80303
| | - Michael K. Vu
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO, 80303
- BioFrontiers InstituteUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO, 80303
| | - Hao Ma
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO, 80303
- BioFrontiers InstituteUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO, 80303
| | - Anouk R. Killaars
- BioFrontiers InstituteUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO, 80303
- Dept. of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO, 80309
| | - Kristi S. Anseth
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological EngineeringUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO, 80303
- BioFrontiers InstituteUniversity of ColoradoBoulderCO, 80303
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48
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Abstract
Structural links from the nucleus to the cytoskeleton and to the extracellular environment play a role in direct mechanosensing by nuclear factors. Here, we highlight recent studies that illustrate nuclear mechanosensation processes ranging from DNA repair and nuclear protein phospho-modulation to chromatin reorganization, lipase activation by dilation, and reversible rupture with the release of nuclear factors. Recent progresses demonstrate that these mechanosensing processes lead to modulation of gene expression such as those involved in the regulation of cytoskeletal programs and introduce copy number variations. The nuclear lamina protein lamin A has a recurring role, and various biophysical analyses prove helpful in clarifying mechanisms. The various recent observations provide further motivation to understand the regulation of nuclear mechanosensing pathways in both physiological and pathological contexts.
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49
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Venkei ZG, Yamashita YM. Emerging mechanisms of asymmetric stem cell division. J Cell Biol 2018; 217:3785-3795. [PMID: 30232100 PMCID: PMC6219723 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201807037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Venkei and Yamashita summarize recent advances in our understanding of asymmetric stem cell division in tissue homeostasis. The asymmetric cell division of stem cells, which produces one stem cell and one differentiating cell, has emerged as a mechanism to balance stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Elaborate cellular mechanisms that orchestrate the processes required for asymmetric cell divisions are often shared between stem cells and other asymmetrically dividing cells. During asymmetric cell division, cells must establish asymmetry/polarity, which is guided by varying degrees of intrinsic versus extrinsic cues, and use intracellular machineries to divide in a desired orientation in the context of the asymmetry/polarity. Recent studies have expanded our knowledge on the mechanisms of asymmetric cell divisions, revealing the previously unappreciated complexity in setting up the cellular and/or environmental asymmetry, ensuring binary outcomes of the fate determination. In this review, we summarize recent progress in understanding the mechanisms and regulations of asymmetric stem cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt G Venkei
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Yukiko M Yamashita
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI .,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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50
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Zehrer A, Pick R, Salvermoser M, Boda A, Miller M, Stark K, Weckbach LT, Walzog B, Begandt D. A Fundamental Role of Myh9 for Neutrophil Migration in Innate Immunity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:1748-1764. [PMID: 30068598 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first leukocytes to arrive at sites of injury during the acute inflammatory response. To maintain the polarized morphology during migration, nonmuscle myosins class II are essential, but studies using genetic models to investigate the role of Myh9 for neutrophil migration were missing. In this study, we analyzed the functional role of Myh9 on neutrophil trafficking using genetic downregulation of Myh9 in Vav-iCre+/Myh9wt/fl mice because the complete knockout of Myh9 in the hematopoietic system was lethal. Migration velocity and Euclidean distance were significantly diminished during mechanotactic migration of Vav-iCre+/Myh9wt/fl neutrophils compared with Vav-iCre-/Myh9wt/fl control neutrophils. Similar results were obtained for transmigration and migration in confined three-dimensional environments. Stimulated emission depletion nanoscopy revealed that a certain threshold of Myh9 was required to maintain proper F-actin dynamics in the front of the migrating cell. In laser-induced skin injury and in acute peritonitis, reduced Myh9 expression in the hematopoietic system resulted in significantly diminished neutrophil extravasation. Investigation of bone marrow chimeric mice in the peritonitis model revealed that the migration defect was cell intrinsic. Expression of Myh9-EGFP rescued the Myh9-related defects in two-dimensional and three-dimensional migration of Hoxb8-SCF cell-derived neutrophils generated from fetal liver cells with a Myh9 knockdown. Live cell imaging provided evidence that Myh9 was localized in branching lamellipodia and in the uropod where it may enable fast neutrophil migration. In summary, the severe migration defects indicate an essential and fundamental role of Myh9 for neutrophil trafficking in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Zehrer
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital and Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; and
| | - Robert Pick
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital and Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; and
| | - Melanie Salvermoser
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital and Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; and
| | - Annegret Boda
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Meike Miller
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Stark
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ludwig T Weckbach
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital and Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; and.,Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Klinikum der Universität, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Walzog
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital and Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; and
| | - Daniela Begandt
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital and Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, LMU Munich, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany; and
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