1
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Gao L, Lee H, Goodman JH, Ding L. Hematopoietic stem cell niche generation and maintenance are distinguishable by an epitranscriptomic program. Cell 2024; 187:2801-2816.e17. [PMID: 38657601 PMCID: PMC11148849 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The niche is typically considered as a pre-established structure sustaining stem cells. Therefore, the regulation of its formation remains largely unexplored. Whether distinct molecular mechanisms control the establishment versus maintenance of a stem cell niche is unknown. To address this, we compared perinatal and adult bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), a key component of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche. MSCs exhibited enrichment in genes mediating m6A mRNA methylation at the perinatal stage and downregulated the expression of Mettl3, the m6A methyltransferase, shortly after birth. Deletion of Mettl3 from developing MSCs but not osteoblasts led to excessive osteogenic differentiation and a severe HSC niche formation defect, which was significantly rescued by deletion of Klf2, an m6A target. In contrast, deletion of Mettl3 from MSCs postnatally did not affect HSC niche. Stem cell niche generation and maintenance thus depend on divergent molecular mechanisms, which may be exploited for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Gao
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Heather Lee
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joshua H Goodman
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lei Ding
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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2
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Lu J, Sun W, Liu B, Zhang J, Wang R, Goltzman D, Miao D. Chk2 Modulates Bmi1-Deficiency-Induced Renal Aging and Fibrosis via Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and p53/TGFβ1-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:2008-2026. [PMID: 38617548 PMCID: PMC11008269 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.93598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal aging may lead to fibrosis and dysfunction, yet underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We explored whether deficiency of the Polycomb protein Bmi1 causes renal aging via DNA damage response (DDR) activation, inducing renal tubular epithelial cell (RTEC) senescence and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Bmi1 knockout mice exhibited oxidative stress, DDR activation, RTEC senescence, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), and age-related fibrosis in kidneys. Bmi1 deficiency impaired renal structure and function, increasing serum creatinine/urea, reducing creatinine clearance, and decreasing cortical thickness and glomerular number. However, knockout of the serine-threonine kinase Chk2 alleviated these aging phenotypes. Transcriptomics identified transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) upregulation in Bmi1-deficient RTECs, but TGFβ1 was downregulated upon Chk2 knockout. The tumor suppressor protein p53 transcriptionally activated TGFβ1, promoting EMT in RTECs. Bmi1 knockout or oxidative stress (induced with H2O2) increased TGFβ1 expression, and EMT in RTECs and was partly reversed by p53 inhibition. Together, Bmi1 deficiency causes oxidative stress and DDR-mediated RTEC senescence/SASP, thus activating p53 and TGFβ1 to induce EMT and age-related fibrosis. However, blocking DDR (via Chk2 knockout) or p53 ameliorates these changes. Our study reveals mechanisms whereby Bmi1 preserves renal structure and function during aging by suppressing DDR and p53/TGFβ1-mediated EMT. These pathways represent potential targets for detecting and attenuating age-related renal decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Lu
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Sun
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Boyang Liu
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinge Zhang
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Wang
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - David Goltzman
- Calcium Research Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Dengshun Miao
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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3
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da Silva MDV, Piva M, Martelossi-Cebinelli G, Stinglin Rosa Ribas M, Hoffmann Salles Bianchini B, K Heintz O, Casagrande R, Verri WA. Stem cells and pain. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:1035-1062. [PMID: 38179216 PMCID: PMC10762525 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i12.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain can be defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience caused by either actual or potential tissue damage or even resemble that unpleasant experience. For years, science has sought to find treatment alternatives, with minimal side effects, to relieve pain. However, the currently available pharmacological options on the market show significant adverse events. Therefore, the search for a safer and highly efficient analgesic treatment has become a priority. Stem cells (SCs) are non-specialized cells with a high capacity for replication, self-renewal, and a wide range of differentiation possibilities. In this review, we provide evidence that the immune and neuromodulatory properties of SCs can be a valuable tool in the search for ideal treatment strategies for different types of pain. With the advantage of multiple administration routes and dosages, therapies based on SCs for pain relief have demonstrated meaningful results with few downsides. Nonetheless, there are still more questions than answers when it comes to the mechanisms and pathways of pain targeted by SCs. Thus, this is an evolving field that merits further investigation towards the development of SC-based analgesic therapies, and this review will approach all of these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Deroco Veloso da Silva
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maiara Piva
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Geovana Martelossi-Cebinelli
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariana Stinglin Rosa Ribas
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Hoffmann Salles Bianchini
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Olivia K Heintz
- Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, United States
| | - Rubia Casagrande
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-440, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Center of Biological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Paraná, Brazil.
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4
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Colom Díaz PA, Mistry JJ, Trowbridge JJ. Hematopoietic stem cell aging and leukemia transformation. Blood 2023; 142:533-542. [PMID: 36800569 PMCID: PMC10447482 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With aging, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have an impaired ability to regenerate, differentiate, and produce an entire repertoire of mature blood and immune cells. Owing to dysfunctional hematopoiesis, the incidence of hematologic malignancies increases among elderly individuals. Here, we provide an update on HSC-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors and processes that were recently discovered to contribute to the functional decline of HSCs during aging. In addition, we discuss the targets and timing of intervention approaches to maintain HSC function during aging and the extent to which these same targets may prevent or delay transformation to hematologic malignancies.
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5
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Li Y, Hu M, Xie J, Li S, Dai L. Dysregulation of histone modifications in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells during skeletal ageing: roles and therapeutic prospects. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:166. [PMID: 37357311 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-associated bone diseases such as osteoporosis (OP) are common in the elderly due to skeletal ageing. The process of skeletal ageing can be accelerated by reduced proliferation and osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). Senescence of BM-MSCs is a main driver of age-associated bone diseases, and the fate of BM-MSCs is tightly regulated by histone modifications, such as methylation and acetylation. Dysregulation of histone modifications in BM-MSCs may activate the genes related to the pathogenesis of skeletal ageing and age-associated bone diseases. Here we summarize the histone methylation and acetylation marks and their regulatory enzymes that affect BM-MSC self-renewal, differentiation and senescence. This review not only describes the critical roles of histone marks in modulating BM-MSC functions, but also underlines the potential of epigenetic enzymes as targets for treating age-associated bone diseases. In the future, more effective therapeutic approaches based on these epigenetic targets will be developed and will benefit elderly individuals with bone diseases, such as OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujue Li
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mingxing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jinwei Xie
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shuangqing Li
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Lunzhi Dai
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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6
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Mulcrone PL, Lam AK, Frabutt D, Zhang J, Chrzanowski M, Herzog RW, Xiao W. Chemical modification of AAV9 capsid with N-ethyl maleimide alters vector tissue tropism. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8436. [PMID: 37231038 PMCID: PMC10212940 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35547-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although more adeno-associated virus AAV-based drugs enter the clinic, vector tissue tropism remains an unresolved challenge that limits its full potential despite that the tissue tropism of naturally occurring AAV serotypes can be altered by genetic engineering capsid vie DNA shuffling, or molecular evolution. To further expand the tropism and thus potential applications of AAV vectors, we utilized an alternative approach that employs chemical modifications to covalently link small molecules to reactive exposed Lysine residues of AAV capsids. We demonstrated that AAV9 capsid modified with N-ethyl Maleimide (NEM) increased its tropism more towards murine bone marrow (osteoblast lineage) while decreased transduction of liver tissue compared to the unmodified capsid. In the bone marrow, AAV9-NEM transduced Cd31, Cd34, and Cd90 expressing cells at a higher percentage than unmodified AAV9. Moreover, AAV9-NEM localized strongly in vivo to cells lining the calcified trabecular bone and transduced primary murine osteoblasts in culture, while WT AAV9 transduced undifferentiated bone marrow stromal cells as well as osteoblasts. Our approach could provide a promising platform for expanding clinical AAV development to treat bone pathologies such as cancer and osteoporosis. Thus, chemical engineering the AAV capsid holds great potential for development of future generations of AAV vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick L Mulcrone
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Anh K Lam
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Dylan Frabutt
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Junping Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Matthew Chrzanowski
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Roland W Herzog
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Weidong Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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7
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Zou X, Liu C, Wu X, Yuan Z, Yan F. Changes in N6-methyladenosine RNA methylomes of human periodontal ligament cells in response to inflammatory conditions. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:444-455. [PMID: 36733232 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes in the m6A methylation modification profile of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) in response to inflammatory conditions. BACKGROUND Periodontitis is an infectious disease of the periodontal support tissue that leads to the loss of alveolar bone. HPDLCs are primary cells that can repair periodontal tissue defects caused by periodontitis. However, the inflammatory conditions induce inflammatory damage and decrease ossification of hPDLCs. This inflammatory response depends on genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, including m6A methylation. METHODS HPDLCs were cultured with osteogenic induction medium (NC group), while TNF-α (10 ng/mL) and IL-1β (5 ng/mL) were added to simulate inflammatory conditions (Inflam group). Then RNA-seq and MeRIP-seq analyses were performed to identify m6A methylation modification in the transcriptome range of hPDLCs. RESULTS The results showed that the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs was inhibited under inflammatory conditions. RNA-seq analysis also revealed that the decreased genes in response to inflammatory conditions were primarily annotated in processes associated with ossification. Compared with the NC group, differentially m6A-methylated genes were primarily enriched in histone modification processes. Among 145 histone modification genes, 25 genes have been reported to be involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation, and they include KAT6B, EP300, BMI1, and KDMs (KDM1A, KDM2A, KDM3A, KDM4B, and KDM5A). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the m6A landscape of hPDLCs was changed in response to inflammation. M6A methylation differences among histone modification genes may act on the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihong Zou
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chaoyi Liu
- Hangzhou Stomatological Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xudong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyao Yuan
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fuhua Yan
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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8
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Nasehi R, Abdallah AT, Pantile M, Zanon C, Vogt M, Rütten S, Fischer H, Aveic S. 3D geometry orchestrates the transcriptional landscape of metastatic neuroblastoma cells in a multicellular in vitro bone model. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100596. [PMID: 36910273 PMCID: PMC9999213 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A key challenge for the discovery of novel molecular targets and therapeutics against pediatric bone metastatic disease is the lack of bona fide in vitro cell models. Here, we show that a beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) multicellular 3D in vitro bone microtissue model reconstitutes key phenotypic and transcriptional patterns of native metastatic tumor cells while promoting their stemness and proinvasive features. Comparing planar with interconnected channeled scaffolds, we identified geometry as a dominant orchestrator of proangiogenic traits in neuroblastoma tumor cells. On the other hand, the β-TCP-determined gene signature was DNA replication related. Jointly, the geometry and chemical impact of β-TCP revealed a prometastatic landscape of the engineered tumor microenvironment. The proposed 3D multicellular in vitro model of pediatric bone metastatic disease may advance further analysis of the molecular, genetic and metabolic bases of the disease and allow more efficient preclinical target validations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Nasehi
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ali T Abdallah
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcella Pantile
- Target Discovery and Biology of Neuroblastoma, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Fondazione Città Della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Zanon
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Fondazione Città Della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Michael Vogt
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephan Rütten
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Horst Fischer
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sanja Aveic
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Target Discovery and Biology of Neuroblastoma, Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Fondazione Città Della Speranza, 35127, Padova, Italy
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Cheng M, Yuan W, Moshaverinia A, Yu B. Rejuvenation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Ameliorate Skeletal Aging. Cells 2023; 12:998. [PMID: 37048071 PMCID: PMC10093211 DOI: 10.3390/cells12070998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced age is a shared risk factor for many chronic and debilitating skeletal diseases including osteoporosis and periodontitis. Mesenchymal stem cells develop various aging phenotypes including the onset of senescence, intrinsic loss of regenerative potential and exacerbation of inflammatory microenvironment via secretory factors. This review elaborates on the emerging concepts on the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of MSC senescence, such as the accumulation of oxidative stress, DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction. Senescent MSCs aggravate local inflammation, disrupt bone remodeling and bone-fat balance, thereby contributing to the progression of age-related bone diseases. Various rejuvenation strategies to target senescent MSCs could present a promising paradigm to restore skeletal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjia Cheng
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Weihao Yuan
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Section of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bo Yu
- Section of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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10
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Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue: Regulation of Osteoblastic Niche, Hematopoiesis and Hematological Malignancies. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023:10.1007/s12015-023-10531-3. [PMID: 36930385 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) creates a specific microniche within multifunctional bone marrow (BM) ecosystem which imposes changes in surrounding cells and at systemic level. Moreover, BMAT contributes to spatial and temporal separation and metabolic compartmentalization of BM, thus regulating BM homeostasis and diseases. Recent findings have identified novel progenitor subsets of bone marrow adipocytes (BMAd)s recruited during the BM adipogenesis within different skeletal and hematopoietic stem cell niches. Potential of certain mesenchymal BM cells to differentiate into both osteogenic and adipogenic lineages, contributes to the complex interplay of BMAT with endosteal (osteoblastic) niche compartments as an important cellular player in bone tissue homeostasis. Targeting and ablation of BMAT cells at certain states might be an optional and promising strategy for improvement of bone health. Additionally, recent findings demonstrated spatial distribution of BMAds related to hematopoietic cells and pointed out important functional roles in the vital processes such as long-term hematopoiesis. BM adipogenesis appears to be an emergency phenomenon that follows the production of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell niche factors, thus regulating physiological, stressed, and malignant hematopoiesis. Lipolytic and secretory activity of BMAds can influence survival and proliferation of hematopoietic cells at different maturation stages. Due to their different lipid status, constitutive and regulated BMAds are important determinants of normal and malignant hematopoietic cells. Further elucidation of cellular and molecular players involved in BMAT expansion and crosstalk with malignant cells is of paramount importance for conceiving the new therapies for improvement of BM health.
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11
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Xin L, Wen Y, Song J, Chen T, Zhai Q. Bone regeneration strategies based on organelle homeostasis of mesenchymal stem cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1151691. [PMID: 37033227 PMCID: PMC10081449 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1151691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The organelle modulation has emerged as a crucial contributor to the organismal homeostasis. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), with their putative functions in maintaining the regeneration ability of adult tissues, have been identified as a major driver to underlie skeletal health. Bone is a structural and endocrine organ, in which the organelle regulation on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) function has most been discovered recently. Furthermore, potential treatments to control bone regeneration are developing using organelle-targeted techniques based on manipulating MSCs osteogenesis. In this review, we summarize the most current understanding of organelle regulation on MSCs in bone homeostasis, and to outline mechanistic insights as well as organelle-targeted approaches for accelerated bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangjing Xin
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Wen
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Qiming Zhai, ; Tao Chen, ; Jinlin Song,
| | - Tao Chen
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Qiming Zhai, ; Tao Chen, ; Jinlin Song,
| | - Qiming Zhai
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Qiming Zhai, ; Tao Chen, ; Jinlin Song,
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12
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Siqueira IR, de Souza Rodrigues A, Flores MS, Vieira Cunha EL, Goldberg M, Harmon B, Batabyal R, Freishtat RJ, Cechinel LR. Circulating Extracellular Vesicles and Particles Derived From Adipocytes: The Potential Role in Spreading MicroRNAs Associated With Cellular Senescence. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:867100. [PMID: 36016863 PMCID: PMC9395989 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.867100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with adipose tissue dysfunction and is recognized as a risk factor for shortened life span. Considering that in vitro findings have shown the involvement of microRNA in extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) on senescence, we hypothesized that circulating EVPs derived from adipocytes can be involved in the aging process via their microRNA cargo. We aimed to determine the microRNA profiles of circulating EVPs derived from adipocytes (FABP4+) from aged and young adult animals and to perform in silico prediction of their downstream signaling effects. Plasma was obtained from Wistar rats (3 and 21 months old), and adipocyte-derived EVPs were isolated using the commercially available kit. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) was used for adipocyte-derived EVPs isolation; microRNA isolation and microarray expression analysis were performed. The analysis revealed 728 miRNAs, 32 were differentially between groups (p < 0.05; fold change ≥ |1.1|), of which 15 miRNAs were upregulated and 17 were downregulated in circulating EVPs from aged animals compared to young adults. A conservative filter was applied, and 18 microRNAs had experimentally validated and highly conserved predicted mRNA targets, with a total of 2,228 mRNAs. Canonical pathways, disease and functions, and upstream regulator analyses were performed using IPA-QIAGEN, allowing a global and interconnected evaluation. IPA categories impacted negatively were cell cycle, cellular development, cellular growth and proliferation, and tissue development, while those impacted positively were “digestive system cancer” and “endocrine gland tumor.” Interestingly, the upregulated miR-15-5p targets several cyclins, such as CCND1 and CCND2, and miR-24-3p seems to target CDK4 (cyclin-dependent kinase 4); then potentially inhibiting their expression, both miRNAs can induce a negative regulation of cell cycle progression. In contrast, silencing of negative cell cycle checkpoint regulators, such as p21 and p16, can be predicted, which can induce impairment in response to genotoxic stressors. In addition, predicted targets, such as SMAD family members, seem to be involved in the positive control of digestive and endocrine tumors. Taken together, this exploratory study indicates that miRNA signature in circulating adipocyte-derived EVPs may be involved with the double-edged sword of cellular senescence, including irreversible proliferation arrest and tissue-dependent cancer, and seems to be suitable for further validation and confirmatory studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionara Rodrigues Siqueira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Ionara Rodrigues Siqueira,
| | - Andressa de Souza Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina Siqueira Flores
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Letícia Vieira Cunha
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Madeleine Goldberg
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, WC, United States
| | - Brennan Harmon
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, WC, United States
| | - Rachael Batabyal
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, WC, United States
| | - Robert J. Freishtat
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, WC, United States
| | - Laura Reck Cechinel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, WC, United States
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Bmi1 signaling maintains the plasticity of airway epithelial progenitors in response to persistent silica exposures. Toxicology 2022; 470:153152. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Gavin KM, Sullivan TM, Maltzahn JK, Rahkola JT, Acosta AS, Kohrt WM, Majka SM, Klemm DJ. Hematopoietic stem cells produce intermediate lineage adipocyte progenitors that simultaneously express both myeloid and mesenchymal lineage markers in adipose tissue. Adipocyte 2021; 10:394-407. [PMID: 34404315 PMCID: PMC8381847 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2021.1957290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Some adipocytes are produced from bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells. In vitro studies previously indicated that these bone marrow-derived adipocytes (BMDAs) were generated from adipose tissue macrophage (ATM) that lose their hematopoietic markers and acquire mesenchymal markers prior to terminal adipogenic differentiation. Here we interrogated whether this hematopoietic-to-mesenchymal transition drives BMDA production In vitro. We generated transgenic mice in which the lysozyme gene promoter (LysM) indelibly labeled ATM with green fluorescent protein (GFP). We discovered that adipose stroma contained a population of LysM-positive myeloid cells that simultaneously expressed hematopoietic/myeloid markers (CD45 and CD11b), and mesenchymal markers (CD29, PDGFRa and Sca-1) typically found on conventional adipocyte progenitors. These cells were capable of adipogenic differentiation In vitro and In vitro, while other stromal populations deficient in PDGFRa and Sca-1 were non-adipogenic. BMDAs and conventional adipocytes expressed common fat cell markers but exhibited little or no expression of hematopoietic and mesenchymal progenitor cell markers. The data indicate that BMDAs are produced from ATM simultaneously expressing hematopoietic and mesenchymal markers rather than via a stepwise hematopoietic-to-mesenchymal transition. Because BMDA production is stimulated by high fat feeding, their production from hematopoietic progenitors may maintain adipocyte production when conventional adipocyte precursors are diminished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M. Gavin
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Administration Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Timothy M. Sullivan
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Administration Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Joanne K. Maltzahn
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Administration Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jeremy T. Rahkola
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alistair S. Acosta
- Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Wendy M. Kohrt
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Administration Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Susan M. Majka
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
- Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dwight J. Klemm
- Eastern Colorado Veterans Administration Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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Li J, Lu L, Liu Y, Yu X. Bone marrow adiposity during pathologic bone loss: molecular mechanisms underlying the cellular events. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 100:167-183. [PMID: 34751809 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) is a heterogeneous niche where bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), osteoblasts, osteoclasts, adipocytes, hematopoietic cells, and immune cells coexist. The cellular composition of BM changes with various pathophysiological states. A reduction in osteoblast number and a concomitant increase in adipocyte number in aging and pathological conditions put bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) into spotlight. Accumulating evidence strongly supports that an overwhelming production of BMAT is a major contributor to bone loss disorders. Therefore, BMAT-targeted therapy can be an efficient and feasible intervention for osteoporosis. However, compared to blocking bone-destroying molecules produced by BMAT, suppressing BMAT formation is theoretically a more effective and fundamental approach in treating osteoporotic bone diseases. Thus, a deep insight into the molecular basis underlying increased BM adiposity during pathologic bone loss is critical to formulate strategies for therapeutically manipulating BMAT. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the molecular mechanisms involved in adipocyte differentiation of BMSCs as well as the interaction between bone marrow adipocytes and osteoclasts. More importantly, we further discuss the potential clinical implications of therapeutically targeting the upstream of BMAT formation in bone loss diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lingyun Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xijie Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No.37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Flora P, Dalal G, Cohen I, Ezhkova E. Polycomb Repressive Complex(es) and Their Role in Adult Stem Cells. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1485. [PMID: 34680880 PMCID: PMC8535826 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations of resident stem cells (SCs) are responsible for maintaining, repairing, and regenerating adult tissues. In addition to having the capacity to generate all the differentiated cell types of the tissue, adult SCs undergo long periods of quiescence within the niche to maintain themselves. The process of SC renewal and differentiation is tightly regulated for proper tissue regeneration throughout an organisms' lifetime. Epigenetic regulators, such as the polycomb group (PcG) of proteins have been implicated in modulating gene expression in adult SCs to maintain homeostatic and regenerative balances in adult tissues. In this review, we summarize the recent findings that elucidate the composition and function of the polycomb repressive complex machinery and highlight their role in diverse adult stem cell compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Flora
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Gil Dalal
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Idan Cohen
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Elena Ezhkova
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA;
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Ma S, Zhou J, Huang T, Zhang Z, Xing Q, Zhou X, Zhang K, Yao M, Cheng T, Wang X, Wen X, Guan F. Sodium alginate/collagen/stromal cell-derived factor-1 neural scaffold loaded with BMSCs promotes neurological function recovery after traumatic brain injury. Acta Biomater 2021; 131:185-197. [PMID: 34217903 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy is promising for neural repair in devastating traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the low survival and differentiation rates of transplanted stem cells are main obstacles to efficient stem cell therapy in TBI. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and its receptor CXCR4 are key factors that regulate the survival, recruitment, and differentiation of stem cells. Herein, we synthesized a sodium alginate (SA)/collagen type I (Col)/SDF-1 hydrogel and investigated whether the SA/Col/SDF-1 hydrogel loaded with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) had therapeutic effects on a TBI model. Our results showed that the SA/Col/SDF-1 scaffold could stably release SDF-1 and provide biocompatible and biodegradable microenvironment for the survival, migration, and neuronal differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. In a rat model of TBI, the SA/Col/SDF-1 hydrogel loaded with BMSCs significantly ameliorated motor and cognition dysfunction and relieved anxiety and depressive-like behaviors. In addition, the BMSCs/SA/Col/SDF-1 scaffold reduced brain lesions and neuronal cell death and mitigated neuroinflammation. Further studies demonstrated that the BMSCs/SA/Col/SDF-1 hydrogel promoted the migration of BMSCs in the lesions and partly enhanced neurogenesis by activating the SDF-1/CXCR4-mediated FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway. Taken together, our results indicate that the SA/Col/SDF-1 scaffold loaded with BMSCs exerts neuroreparative effects in a TBI rat model, and thus, it may serve as an alternative neural regeneration scaffold for brain injury repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Hydrogel facilitates the biological behaviors of transplanted stem cells for tissue regeneration. In this study, we synthesized sodium alginate (SA)/collagen type I (Col)/ scaffold to simultaneously deliver stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a rat model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). We found that the SA/Col/SDF-1 hydrogel could continuously release SDF-1 and was conducive to the survival, migration and neuronal differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. In addition, the SA/Col/SDF-1 hydrogel loaded with BMSCs significantly ameliorated neurological deficits, mitigated neuroinflammation, promoted the recruitment of BMSCs and enhanced neurogenesis in TBI partly by activating the SDF-1/CXCR4-mediated FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway. Our results may serve as an alternative neural regeneration strategy for brain injury.
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18
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To portray clonal evolution in blood cancer, count your stem cells. Blood 2021; 137:1862-1870. [PMID: 33512426 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonal evolution, the process of expansion and diversification of mutated cells, plays an important role in cancer development, resistance, and relapse. Although clonal evolution is most often conceived of as driven by natural selection, recent studies uncovered that neutral evolution shapes clonal evolution in a significant proportion of solid cancers. In hematological malignancies, the interplay between neutral evolution and natural selection is also disputed. Because natural selection selects cells with a greater fitness, providing a growth advantage to some cells relative to others, the architecture of clonal evolution serves as indirect evidence to distinguish natural selection from neutral evolution and has been associated with different prognoses for the patient. Linear architecture, when the new mutant clone grows within the previous one, is characteristic of hematological malignancies and is typically interpreted as being driven by natural selection. Here, we discuss the role of natural selection and neutral evolution in the production of linear clonal architectures in hematological malignancies. Although it is tempting to attribute linear evolution to natural selection, we argue that a lower number of contributing stem cells accompanied by genetic drift can also result in a linear pattern of evolution, as illustrated by simulations of clonal evolution in hematopoietic stem cells. The number of stem cells contributing to long-term clonal evolution is not known in the pathological context, and we advocate that estimating these numbers in the context of cancer and aging is crucial to parsing out neutral evolution from natural selection, 2 processes that require different therapeutic strategies.
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19
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Sarkar A, Saha S, Paul A, Maji A, Roy P, Maity TK. Understanding stem cells and its pivotal role in regenerative medicine. Life Sci 2021; 273:119270. [PMID: 33640402 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) are clonogenic cells that develop into the specialized cells which later responsible for making up various types of tissue in the human body. SCs are not only the appropriate source of information for cell division, molecular and cellular processes, and tissue homeostasis but also one of the major putative biological aids to diagnose and cure various degenerative diseases. This study emphasises on various research outputs that occurred in the past two decades. This will give brief information on classification, differentiation, detection, and various isolation techniques of SCs. Here, the various signalling pathways which includes WNT, Sonic hedgehog, Notch, BMI1 and C-met pathways and how does it effect on the regeneration of various classes of SCs and factors that regulates the potency of the SCs are also been discussed. We also focused on the application of SCs in the area of regenerative medicine along with the cellular markers that are useful as salient diagnostic or curative tools or in both, by the process of reprogramming, which includes diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disorders and neurological disorders. The biomarkers that are mentioned in various literatures and experiments include PDX1, FOXA2, HNF6, and NKX6-1 (for diabetes); CD33, CD24, CD133 (for cancer); c-Kit, SCA-1, Wilm's tumor 1 (for cardiovascular disorders); and OCT4, SOX2, c-MYC, EN1, DAT and VMAT2 (for neurological disorders). In this review, we come to know the advancements and scopes of potential SC-based therapies, its diverse applications in clinical fields that can be helpful in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Sarkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sanjukta Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Abhik Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Avik Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Puspita Roy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Maity
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, West Bengal, Kolkata 700032, India.
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20
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Liu S, Wu M, Lancelot M, Deng J, Gao Y, Roback JD, Chen T, Cheng L. BMI1 enables extensive expansion of functional erythroblasts from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Mol Ther 2021; 29:1918-1932. [PMID: 33484967 PMCID: PMC8116606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfusion of red blood cells (RBCs) from ABO-matched but genetically unrelated donors is commonly used for treating anemia and acute blood loss. Increasing demand and insufficient supply for donor RBCs, especially those of universal blood types or free of known and unknown pathogens, has called for ex vivo generation of functional RBCs by large-scale cell culture. However, generating physiological numbers of transfusable cultured RBCs (cRBCs) ex vivo remains challenging, due to our inability to either extensively expand primary RBC precursors (erythroblasts) or achieve efficient enucleation once erythroblasts have been expanded and induced to differentiation and maturation. Here, we report that ectopic expression of the human BMI1 gene confers extensive expansion of human erythroblasts, which can be derived readily from adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells of either healthy donors or sickle cell patients. These extensively expanded erythroblasts (E3s) are able to proliferate exponentially (>1 trillion-fold in 2 months) in a defined culture medium. Expanded E3 cells are karyotypically normal and capable of terminal maturation with approximately 50% enucleation. Additionally, E3-derived cRBCs can circulate in a mouse model following transfusion similar to primary human RBCs. Therefore, we provide a facile approach of generating physiological numbers of human functional erythroblasts ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senquan Liu
- Blood and Cell Therapy Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China; Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mengyao Wu
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Division of Hematology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Moira Lancelot
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jiusheng Deng
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yongxing Gao
- Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - John D Roback
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Tong Chen
- Division of Hematology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Linzhao Cheng
- Blood and Cell Therapy Institute, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China; Division of Hematology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Lahalle A, Lacroix M, De Blasio C, Cissé MY, Linares LK, Le Cam L. The p53 Pathway and Metabolism: The Tree That Hides the Forest. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13010133. [PMID: 33406607 PMCID: PMC7796211 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The p53 pathway is a major tumor suppressor pathway that prevents the propagation of abnormal cells by regulating DNA repair, cell cycle progression, cell death, or senescence. The multiple cellular processes regulated by p53 were more recently extended to the control of metabolism, and many studies support the notion that perturbations of p53-associated metabolic activities are linked to cancer development. Converging lines of evidence support the notion that, in addition to p53, other key components of this molecular cascade are also important regulators of metabolism. Here, we illustrate the underestimated complexity of the metabolic network controlled by the p53 pathway and show how its perturbation contributes to human diseases including cancer, aging, and metabolic diseases. Abstract The p53 pathway is functionally inactivated in most, if not all, human cancers. The p53 protein is a central effector of numerous stress-related molecular cascades. p53 controls a safeguard mechanism that prevents accumulation of abnormal cells and their transformation by regulating DNA repair, cell cycle progression, cell death, or senescence. The multiple cellular processes regulated by p53 were more recently extended to the control of metabolism and many studies support the notion that perturbations of p53-associated metabolic activities are linked to cancer development, as well as to other pathophysiological conditions including aging, type II diabetes, and liver disease. Although much less documented than p53 metabolic activities, converging lines of evidence indicate that other key components of this tumor suppressor pathway are also involved in cellular metabolism through p53-dependent as well as p53-independent mechanisms. Thus, at least from a metabolic standpoint, the p53 pathway must be considered as a non-linear pathway, but the complex metabolic network controlled by these p53 regulators and the mechanisms by which their activities are coordinated with p53 metabolic functions remain poorly understood. In this review, we highlight some of the metabolic pathways controlled by several central components of the p53 pathway and their role in tissue homeostasis, metabolic diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airelle Lahalle
- Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (M.L.); (C.D.B.); (L.K.L.)
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1194, F-24298 Montpellier, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Matthieu Lacroix
- Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (M.L.); (C.D.B.); (L.K.L.)
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1194, F-24298 Montpellier, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Carlo De Blasio
- Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (M.L.); (C.D.B.); (L.K.L.)
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1194, F-24298 Montpellier, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Madi Y. Cissé
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard, T.H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Laetitia K. Linares
- Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (M.L.); (C.D.B.); (L.K.L.)
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1194, F-24298 Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Le Cam
- Université de Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (M.L.); (C.D.B.); (L.K.L.)
- IRCM, Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- ICM, Institut Régional du Cancer de Montpellier, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1194, F-24298 Montpellier, France
- Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, F-75013 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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Luo M, Li JF, Yang Q, Zhang K, Wang ZW, Zheng S, Zhou JJ. Stem cell quiescence and its clinical relevance. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:1307-1326. [PMID: 33312400 PMCID: PMC7705463 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i11.1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Quiescent state has been observed in stem cells (SCs), including in adult SCs and in cancer SCs (CSCs). Quiescent status of SCs contributes to SC self-renewal and conduces to averting SC death from harsh external stimuli. In this review, we provide an overview of intrinsic mechanisms and extrinsic factors that regulate adult SC quiescence. The intrinsic mechanisms discussed here include the cell cycle, mitogenic signaling, Notch signaling, epigenetic modification, and metabolism and transcriptional regulation, while the extrinsic factors summarized here include microenvironment cells, extracellular factors, and immune response and inflammation in microenvironment. Quiescent state of CSCs has been known to contribute immensely to therapeutic resistance in multiple cancers. The characteristics and the regulation mechanisms of quiescent CSCs are discussed in detail. Importantly, we also outline the recent advances and controversies in therapeutic strategies targeting CSC quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jin-Fan Li
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhan-Wei Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou 313003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shu Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
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Abstract
Cellular senescence is a cell cycle arrest in damaged or aged cells. Although this represents a critical mechanism of tumor suppression, persistence of senescent cells during aging induces chronic inflammation and tissue dysfunction through the adoption of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This has been shown to promote the progression of age-associated diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, pulmonary fibrosis, and atherosclerosis. As the global population ages, the role of cellular senescence in disease is becoming a more critical area of research. In this review, mechanisms, biomarkers, and pathology of cellular senescence and SASP are described with a brief discussion of literature supporting a role for cellular senescence in veterinary diseases. Cell culture and mouse models used in senescence studies are also reviewed including the senescence-accelerated mouse-prone (SAMP), senescence pathway knockout mice (p53, p21 [CDKN1A], and p16 [CDKN2A]), and the more recently developed senolysis mice, which allow for direct visualization and elimination (or lysis) of senescent cells in live mice (p16-3MR and INK-ATTAC). These and other mouse models have demonstrated the importance of cellular senescence in embryogenesis and wound healing but have also identified a therapeutic benefit for targeting persistent senescent cells in age-associated diseases including neurodegeneration, diabetes, and cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Beck
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, 313611National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Izumi Horikawa
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, 313611National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Curtis Harris
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, 313611National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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24
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Lee HY, Hong IS. Targeting Liver Cancer Stem Cells: An Alternative Therapeutic Approach for Liver Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102746. [PMID: 32987767 PMCID: PMC7598600 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The first report of cancer stem cell (CSC) from Bruce et al. has demonstrated the relatively rare population of stem-like cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The discovery of leukemic CSCs prompted further identification of CSCs in multiple types of solid tumor. Recently, extensive research has attempted to identity CSCs in multiple types of solid tumors in the brain, colon, head and neck, liver, and lung. Based on these studies, we hypothesize that the initiation and progression of most malignant tumors rely largely on the CSC population. Recent studies indicated that stem cell-related markers or signaling pathways, such as aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), CD133, epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and Notch signaling, contribute to the initiation and progression of various liver cancer types. Importantly, CSCs are markedly resistant to conventional therapeutic approaches and current targeted therapeutics. Therefore, it is believed that selectively targeting specific markers and/or signaling pathways of hepatic CSCs is an effective therapeutic strategy for treating chemotherapy-resistant liver cancer. Here, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the hepatic CSC hypothesis and discuss the specific surface markers and critical signaling pathways involved in the development and maintenance of hepatic CSC subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa-Yong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Jungwon University, 85 Goesan-eup, Munmu-ro, Goesan-gun, Chungcheongbuk-do 367700, Korea;
| | - In-Sun Hong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 406840, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-899-6315; Fax: +82-32-899-6350
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25
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Gomes AC, Saraiva M, Gomes MS. The bone marrow hematopoietic niche and its adaptation to infection. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 112:37-48. [PMID: 32553581 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is responsible for the formation of all blood cells from hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in the bone marrow (BM). It is a highly regulated process, in order to adapt its cellular output to changing body requirements. Specific microenvironmental conditions within the BM must exist in order to maintain HSC pluripotency and self-renewal, as well as to ensure appropriate differentiation of progenitor cells towards each hematopoietic lineage. Those conditions were coined "the hematopoietic niche" and their identity in terms of cell types, location and soluble molecular components has been the subject of intense research in the last decades. Infections are one of the environmental challenges to which hematopoiesis must respond, to feed the immune system with functional cell components and compensate for cellular losses. However, how infections impact the bone marrow hematopoietic niche(s) remains elusive and most of the mechanisms involved are still largely unknown. Here, we review the most recent advances on our knowledge on the hematopoietic niche composition and regulation during homeostasis and also on how the niche responds to infectious stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cordeiro Gomes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Saraiva
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Salomé Gomes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; IBMC - Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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26
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Hutchings G, Janowicz K, Moncrieff L, Dompe C, Strauss E, Kocherova I, Nawrocki MJ, Kruszyna Ł, Wąsiatycz G, Antosik P, Shibli JA, Mozdziak P, Perek B, Krasiński Z, Kempisty B, Nowicki M. The Proliferation and Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Neovascularization and Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113790. [PMID: 32471255 PMCID: PMC7312564 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neovascularization and angiogenesis are vital processes in the repair of damaged tissue, creating new blood vessel networks and increasing oxygen and nutrient supply for regeneration. The importance of Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ASCs) contained in the adipose tissue surrounding blood vessel networks to these processes remains unknown and the exact mechanisms responsible for directing adipogenic cell fate remain to be discovered. As adipose tissue contains a heterogenous population of partially differentiated cells of adipocyte lineage; tissue repair, angiogenesis and neovascularization may be closely linked to the function of ASCs in a complex relationship. This review aims to investigate the link between ASCs and angiogenesis/neovascularization, with references to current studies. The molecular mechanisms of these processes, as well as ASC differentiation and proliferation are described in detail. ASCs may differentiate into endothelial cells during neovascularization; however, recent clinical trials have suggested that ASCs may also stimulate angiogenesis and neovascularization indirectly through the release of paracrine factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Hutchings
- The School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (G.H.); (K.J.); (L.M.)
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (I.K.); (M.J.N.); (B.K.)
| | - Krzysztof Janowicz
- The School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (G.H.); (K.J.); (L.M.)
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (I.K.); (M.J.N.); (B.K.)
| | - Lisa Moncrieff
- The School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (G.H.); (K.J.); (L.M.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Claudia Dompe
- The School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK; (G.H.); (K.J.); (L.M.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewa Strauss
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Vascular, Endovascular Surgery, Angiology and Phlebology Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (L.K.); (Z.K.)
| | - Ievgeniia Kocherova
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (I.K.); (M.J.N.); (B.K.)
| | - Mariusz J. Nawrocki
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (I.K.); (M.J.N.); (B.K.)
| | - Łukasz Kruszyna
- Department of Vascular, Endovascular Surgery, Angiology and Phlebology Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (L.K.); (Z.K.)
| | - Grzegorz Wąsiatycz
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (G.W.); (P.A.)
| | - Paweł Antosik
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (G.W.); (P.A.)
| | - Jamil A. Shibli
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Dental Research Division, University of Guarulhos, São Paulo 07023-070, Brazil;
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Bartłomiej Perek
- Department of Cardiac Surgery and Transplantology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-848 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Zbigniew Krasiński
- Department of Vascular, Endovascular Surgery, Angiology and Phlebology Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland; (L.K.); (Z.K.)
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (I.K.); (M.J.N.); (B.K.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (G.W.); (P.A.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 601 77 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
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Kobayashi M, Lin Y, Mishra A, Shelly C, Gao R, Reeh CW, Wang PZ, Xi R, Liu Y, Wenzel P, Ghosn E, Liu Y, Yoshimoto M. Bmi1 Maintains the Self-Renewal Property of Innate-like B Lymphocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:3262-3272. [PMID: 32332108 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The self-renewal ability is a unique property of fetal-derived innate-like B-1a lymphocytes, which survive and function without being replenished by bone marrow (BM) progenitors. However, the mechanism by which IgM-secreting mature B-1a lymphocytes self-renew is poorly understood. In this study, we showed that Bmi1 was critically involved in this process. Although Bmi1 is considered essential for lymphopoiesis, the number of mature conventional B cells was not altered when Bmi1 was deleted in the B cell lineage. In contrast, the number of peritoneal B-1a cells was significantly reduced. Peritoneal cell transfer assays revealed diminished self-renewal ability of Bmi1-deleted B-1a cells, which was restored by additional deletion of Ink4-Arf, the well-known target of Bmi1 Fetal liver cells with B cell-specific Bmi1 deletion failed to repopulate peritoneal B-1a cells, but not other B-2 lymphocytes after transplantation assays, suggesting that Bmi1 may be involved in the developmental process of B-1 progenitors to mature B-1a cells. Although Bmi1 deletion has also been shown to alter the microenvironment for hematopoietic stem cells, fat-associated lymphoid clusters, the reported niche for B-1a cells, were not impaired in Bmi1 -/- mice. RNA expression profiling suggested lysine demethylase 5B (Kdm5b) as another possible target of Bmi1, which was elevated in Bmi1-/- B-1a cells in a stress setting and might repress B-1a cell proliferation. Our work has indicated that Bmi1 plays pivotal roles in self-renewal and maintenance of fetal-derived B-1a cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michihiro Kobayashi
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Yang Lin
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Akansha Mishra
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Chris Shelly
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Rui Gao
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Colton W Reeh
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Paul Zhiping Wang
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Rongwen Xi
- National Institute of Biological Science, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
| | - Pamela Wenzel
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Eliver Ghosn
- Department of Medicine, Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322; and.,Department of Pediatrics, Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Yan Liu
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202;
| | - Momoko Yoshimoto
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030;
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28
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Sui BD, Zheng CX, Li M, Jin Y, Hu CH. Epigenetic Regulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Homeostasis. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:97-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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29
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King KY, Huang Y, Nakada D, Goodell MA. Environmental influences on clonal hematopoiesis. Exp Hematol 2019; 83:66-73. [PMID: 31893524 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) has emerged as an important factor linked to adverse health conditions in the elderly. CH is characterized by an overrepresentation of genetically distinct hematopoietic stem cell clones in the peripheral blood. Whereas the genetic mutations that underlie CH have been closely scrutinized, relatively little attention has been paid to the environmental factors that may influence the emergence of one dominant stem cell clone. As there is huge individual variation in latency between acquisition of a genetic mutation and emergence of CH, environmental factors likely play a major role. Indeed, environmental stressors such as inflammation, chemotherapy, and metabolic syndromes are known to affect steady-state hematopoiesis. To date, epidemiologic studies point toward smoking and prior chemotherapy exposure as likely contributors to some forms of CH, though the impact of other environmental factors is also being investigated. Mechanistic studies in murine models indicate that the role of different environmental factors in CH emergence may be highly specific to the mutation that marks each stem cell clone. For instance, recent studies have found that clones with mutations in the PPM1D gene are more resistant to genotoxic stress induced by chemotherapy. These clones thus have a competitive advantage in the setting of chemotherapy, but not in other types of stress. Here we review currently available literature on the interplay between environment and the genetic landscapes in CH and highlight critical areas for future study. Improved understanding of the effects of environmental stress on emergence of CH with mutation-specific clarity will guide future efforts to provide preventive medicine to individuals with CH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Y King
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
| | - Yun Huang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX
| | - Daisuke Nakada
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Margaret A Goodell
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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30
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Bmi1 restricts the adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells to maintain the integrity of the hematopoietic stem cell niche. Exp Hematol 2019; 76:24-37. [PMID: 31408689 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The polycomb group protein Bmi1 maintains hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) functions. We previously reported that Bmi1-deficient mice exhibited progressive fatty changes in bone marrow (BM). A large portion of HSCs reside in the perivascular niche created partly by endothelial cells and leptin receptor+ (LepR+) BM stromal cells. To clarify how Bmi1 regulates the HSC niche, we specifically deleted Bmi1 in LepR+ cells in mice. The Bmi1 deletion promoted the adipogenic differentiation of LepR+ stromal cells and caused progressive fatty changes in the BM of limb bones with age, resulting in reductions in the numbers of HSCs and progenitors in BM and enhanced extramedullary hematopoiesis. This adipogenic change was also evident during BM regeneration after irradiation. Several adipogenic regulator genes appeared to be regulated by Bmi1. Our results indicate that Bmi1 keeps the adipogenic differentiation program repressed in BM stromal cells to maintain the integrity of the HSC niche.
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