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Liu S, Zhong H, Zhu J, Wu L. Identification of blood metabolites associated with risk of Alzheimer's disease by integrating genomics and metabolomics data. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:1153-1162. [PMID: 38216726 PMCID: PMC11176029 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02400-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Specific metabolites have been reported to be potentially associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. However, the comprehensive understanding of roles of metabolite biomarkers in AD etiology remains elusive. We performed a large AD metabolome-wide association study (MWAS) by developing blood metabolite genetic prediction models. We evaluated associations between genetically predicted levels of metabolites and AD risk in 39,106 clinically diagnosed AD cases, 46,828 proxy AD and related dementia (proxy-ADD) cases, and 401,577 controls. We further conducted analyses to determine microbiome features associated with the detected metabolites and characterize associations between predicted microbiome feature levels and AD risk. We identified fourteen metabolites showing an association with AD risk. Five microbiome features were further identified to be potentially related to associations of five of the metabolites. Our study provides new insights into the etiology of AD that involves blood metabolites and gut microbiome, which warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Hua Zhong
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Jingjing Zhu
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Lang Wu
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
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2
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Lista S, González-Domínguez R, López-Ortiz S, González-Domínguez Á, Menéndez H, Martín-Hernández J, Lucia A, Emanuele E, Centonze D, Imbimbo BP, Triaca V, Lionetto L, Simmaco M, Cuperlovic-Culf M, Mill J, Li L, Mapstone M, Santos-Lozano A, Nisticò R. Integrative metabolomics science in Alzheimer's disease: Relevance and future perspectives. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 89:101987. [PMID: 37343679 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is determined by various pathophysiological mechanisms starting 10-25 years before the onset of clinical symptoms. As multiple functionally interconnected molecular/cellular pathways appear disrupted in AD, the exploitation of high-throughput unbiased omics sciences is critical to elucidating the precise pathogenesis of AD. Among different omics, metabolomics is a fast-growing discipline allowing for the simultaneous detection and quantification of hundreds/thousands of perturbed metabolites in tissues or biofluids, reproducing the fluctuations of multiple networks affected by a disease. Here, we seek to critically depict the main metabolomics methodologies with the aim of identifying new potential AD biomarkers and further elucidating AD pathophysiological mechanisms. From a systems biology perspective, as metabolic alterations can occur before the development of clinical signs, metabolomics - coupled with existing accessible biomarkers used for AD screening and diagnosis - can support early disease diagnosis and help develop individualized treatment plans. Presently, the majority of metabolomic analyses emphasized that lipid metabolism is the most consistently altered pathway in AD pathogenesis. The possibility that metabolomics may reveal crucial steps in AD pathogenesis is undermined by the difficulty in discriminating between the causal or epiphenomenal or compensatory nature of metabolic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Lista
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Raúl González-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Susana López-Ortiz
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Álvaro González-Domínguez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Héctor Menéndez
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan Martín-Hernández
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Sport Sciences, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Diego Centonze
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Unit of Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Bruno P Imbimbo
- Department of Research and Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy
| | - Viviana Triaca
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Luana Lionetto
- Clinical Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Section, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Simmaco
- Clinical Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry Section, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf
- Digital Technologies Research Center, National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jericha Mill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark Mapstone
- Department of Neurology, Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alejandro Santos-Lozano
- i+HeALTH Strategic Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, Miguel de Cervantes European University (UEMC), Valladolid, Spain; Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain
| | - Robert Nisticò
- School of Pharmacy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy; Laboratory of Pharmacology of Synaptic Plasticity, EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome, Italy
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Yang F, Liu F, Min Y, Shi L, Liu M, Wang K, Ke S, Gong Y, Yang Z. Novel Steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines Derived from Epiandrosterone and Androsterone: Synthesis, Characterization and Configuration-Activity Relationships. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062691. [PMID: 36985662 PMCID: PMC10054084 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Two series of novel steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines derived from natural epiandrosterone and androsterone were designed and synthesized, and these compounds were screened for their potential anticancer activities. The preliminary bioassay indicated that some of these prepared compounds exhibited significantly good cytotoxic activities against human gastric cancer (SGC-7901), lung cancer (A549), and hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines compared with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), epiandrosterone, and androsterone. Especially the respective pairs from epiandrosterone and androsterone showed significantly different inhibitory activities, and the possible configuration-activity relationships have also been summarized and discussed based on kinase assay and molecular docking, which indicated that the inhibition activities of these steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines might obviously be affected by the configuration of the hydroxyl group in the part of the steroidal scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Yong Min
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Liqiao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Manli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Kaimei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Shaoyong Ke
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (Y.G.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Yan Gong
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (Y.G.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Ziwen Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Pesticides, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Biopesticide Engineering Research Centre, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
- Correspondence: (S.K.); (Y.G.); (Z.Y.)
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Bongiovanni B, Díaz A, Santucci N, D’Attilio LD, Bottasso O, Hernández Pando R, Bay ML. The Immunoregulatory Actions of DHEA in Tuberculosis, A Tool for Therapeutic Intervention? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:892270. [PMID: 35733782 PMCID: PMC9207529 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.892270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is an androgen synthesized by the adrenal cortex, which is an intermediary in the biosynthesis of sex hormones, such as testosterone and estradiol. DHEA mostly circulates as a conjugated ester, in the form of sulfate (DHEA-S). There exist several endogenous factors able to influence its synthesis, the most common ones being the corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), growth factors, and proinflammatory cytokines, among others. Like other steroid hormones, DHEA, can alter the functioning of immune cells and therefore the course of diseases exhibiting an immune-inflammatory component, mostly from autoimmune or infectious nature. We herein review the role played by DHEA during a major infectious disease like tuberculosis (TB). Data recorded from TB patients, mouse models, or in vitro studies show that DHEA is likely to be implied in better disease control. This provides a stimulating background for carrying out clinical studies aimed at assessing the usefulness of DHEA as an adjuvant in TB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Bongiovanni
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Cs. Médicas, UNR, Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Cs. Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), Rosario, Argentina
| | - Ariana Díaz
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Cs. Médicas, UNR, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Natalia Santucci
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Cs. Médicas, UNR, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Luciano David D’Attilio
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Cs. Médicas, UNR, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Oscar Bottasso
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Cs. Médicas, UNR, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Rogelio Hernández Pando
- Sección de Patología Experimental, Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México, Mexico
- *Correspondence: María Luisa Bay, ; Rogelio Hernández Pando,
| | - María Luisa Bay
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER CONICET-UNR), Rosario, Argentina
- Facultad de Cs. Médicas, UNR, Rosario, Argentina
- *Correspondence: María Luisa Bay, ; Rogelio Hernández Pando,
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Łyczko P, Panek A, Ceremuga I, Świzdor A. The catalytic activity of mycelial fungi towards 7-oxo-DHEA - an endogenous derivative of steroidal hormone dehydroepiandrosterone. Microb Biotechnol 2021; 14:2187-2198. [PMID: 34327850 PMCID: PMC8449666 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Seventeen species of fungi belonging to thirteen genera were screened for the ability to carry out the transformation of 7-oxo-DHEA (7-oxo-dehydroepiandrosterone). Some strains expressed new patterns of catalytic activity towards the substrate, namely 16β-hydroxylation (Laetiporus sulphureus AM498), Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of ketone in D-ring to lactone (Fusicoccum amygdali AM258) and esterification of the 3β-hydroxy group (Spicaria divaricata AM423). The majority of examined strains were able to reduce the 17-oxo group of the substrate to form 3β,17β-dihydroxy-androst-5-en-7-one. The highest activity was reached with Armillaria mellea AM296 and Ascosphaera apis AM496 for which complete conversion of the starting material was achieved, and the resulting 17β-alcohol was the sole reaction product. Two strains of tested fungi were also capable of stereospecific reduction of the conjugated 7-keto group leading to 7β-hydroxy-DHEA (Inonotus radiatus AM70) or a mixture of 3β,7α,17β-trihydroxy-androst-5-ene and 3β,7β,17β-trihydroxy-androst-5-ene (Piptoporus betulinus AM39). The structures of new metabolites were confirmed by MS and NMR analysis. They were also examined for their cholinesterase inhibitory activity in an enzymatic-based assay in vitro test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Łyczko
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, Wrocław, 50-375, Poland
| | - Anna Panek
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, Wrocław, 50-375, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Ceremuga
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wrocław Medical University, Chałubińskiego 10, Wrocław, 50-368, Poland
| | - Alina Świzdor
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, Wrocław, 50-375, Poland
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Jalalvand F, Rezaei A, Badehnoosh B, Yaseri M, Qorbani M, Emaminia F, Shabani M. The Effects of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. on the Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, Dehydroepiandrosterone-Sulfate, Prolactin and Cortisol Levels in Post-Menopausal Women: A Double-Blind, Randomized, and Placebo-Controlled Study. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:654459. [PMID: 34305584 PMCID: PMC8293672 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.654459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause is the last menstrual period associated with a decline in ovarian steroid secretion and follicular loss. Hormone profile changes during menopause include a decrease in the production of estrogen, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and prolactin (PRL), and an increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and cortisol. Herbal medicines are considered as alternatives to hormone therapy. The studies on postmenopausal women have shown that Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (called "Senjed" in Persian) has some efficacy in improving sex hormone and lipid profiles, joint pain, and cardiovascular function, as the decrease in luteinizing hormone, low-density lipoprotein, and heart rate was significant. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of E. angustifolia on TSH, DHEA-S, PRL, and cortisol levels and their ratios in postmenopausal women. It is assumed that the eventual effects of hormones on the brain and other tissues are determined by the balance between interdependent hormones. In the present randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial (https://en.irct.ir/search/result?query=IRCT20170227032795N4), fifty-eight postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to one of two medicinal herb (15 g of the whole E. angustifolia fruit powder) and placebo (7.5 g isomalt + 7.5 g cornstarch) groups. After 10 weeks of the treatment, the serum levels of TSH, DHEA-S, PRL, cortisol hormones, and their ratios were measured. The increase in the TSH, and cortisol levels, and cortisol/DHEA-S ratio and the decrease in prolactin and DHEA-S and the PRL/TSH, PRL/cortisol, and DHEA-S/TSH ratios after E. angustifolia consumption were significant only based on within-group but not on the between-group analysis. Based on between-group analyses, the changes in the hormone profile were not significant in the placebo group. According to Iranian tradition and folklore, E. angustifolia fruit is a symbol of female fertility. Therefore, its consumption is highly recommended to maintain health in the elderly, especially women. However, the observed outcomes about the effect of E. angustifolia on menopause were not completely in line with the Iranian folklore. E. angustifolia consumption did not significantly affect the hormone profile and ratios at the end of the ten-week trial, possibly due to the small sample size, short time, and the fact that our participants were postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arezou Rezaei
- School of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran.,Institute of Biological Sciences, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Bita Badehnoosh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medical Science, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran.,Dietary supplement and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Science, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Suárez M, Makowski K, Lemos R, Almagro L, Rodríguez H, Herranz MÁ, Molero D, Ortiz O, Maroto E, Albericio F, Murata Y, Martín N. An Androsterone-H 2 @C 60 hybrid: Synthesis, Properties and Molecular Docking Simulations with SARS-Cov-2. Chempluschem 2021; 86:972-981. [PMID: 33540487 PMCID: PMC8014820 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and characterization of a fullerene-steroid hybrid that contains H2 @C60 and a dehydroepiandrosterone moiety synthesized by a cyclopropanation reaction with 76 % yield. Theoretical calculations at the DFT-D3(BJ)/PBE 6-311G(d,p) level predict the most stable conformation and that the saturation of a double bond is the main factor causing the upfield shielding of the signal appearing at -3.13 ppm, which corresponds to the H2 located inside the fullerene cage. Relevant stereoelectronic parameters were also investigated and reinforce the idea that electronic interactions must be considered to develop studies on chemical-biological interactions. A molecular docking simulation predicted that the binding energy values for the protease-hybrid complexes were -9.9 kcal/mol and -13.5 kcal/mol for PLpro and 3CLpro respectively, indicating the potential use of the synthesized steroid-H2 @C60 as anti-SARS-Cov-2 agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Suárez
- Laboratorio de Síntesis OrgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de la Habana10400La HabanaCuba
| | - Kamil Makowski
- Departament of Surfactants and NanobiotechnologyInstitute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) and CIBER-BBNBarcelonaSpain
| | - Reinier Lemos
- Laboratorio de Síntesis OrgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de la Habana10400La HabanaCuba
| | - Luis Almagro
- Laboratorio de Síntesis OrgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de la Habana10400La HabanaCuba
| | - Hortensia Rodríguez
- Yachay Tech UniversitySchool of Chemical Sciences and Engineering100119-UrququiEcuador
| | - María Ángeles Herranz
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040-MadridSpain
| | - Dolores Molero
- CAI RMN Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid (Spain)
| | - Orlando Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Síntesis OrgánicaFacultad de QuímicaUniversidad de la Habana10400La HabanaCuba
| | - Enrique Maroto
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040-MadridSpain
| | - Fernando Albericio
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsUniversity of KwaZul-NatalDurbanSouth Africa
| | - Yasujiro Murata
- Institute for Chemical ResearchKyoto University UjiKyoto611-0011Japan
| | - Nazario Martín
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaFacultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040-MadridSpain
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8
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Kiersztan A, Gaanga K, Witecka A, Jagielski AK. DHEA-pretreatment attenuates oxidative stress in kidney-cortex and liver of diabetic rabbits and delays development of the disease. Biochimie 2021; 185:135-145. [PMID: 33771656 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In view of reported discrepancies concerning antioxidant activity of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), a widely used dietary supplement, the current investigation was undertaken to evaluate the antioxidant properties of DHEA in both kidney-cortex and liver of alloxan (ALX)-induced diabetic rabbits, as this diabetogenic compound exhibits the ROS-dependent action. ALX was injected to animals following 7 days of DHEA administration. Four groups of rabbits were used in the experiments: control, DHEA-treated control, diabetic and DHEA-treated diabetic. Our results show for the first time, that in kidney-cortex DHEA resulted in normalization of hydroxyl free radicals (HFR) levels and restoration of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities to near the control values, while in liver DHEA prevented the malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and normalized glutathione reductase (GR) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activities. Moreover, in both kidney-cortex and liver DHEA supplementation prevented GSSG elevation accompanied by a decrease in GSH/GSSG ratio. Although DHEA attenuated oxidative stress in both kidney-cortex and liver of ALX-induced diabetic rabbits and significantly delayed the onset of diabetes in time, it did not protect against the final development of diabetes. In conclusion, the current investigation underscores the complexity of the antioxidant action of DHEA. The data are of clinical interest since DHEA supplementation could prevent the deleterious effects of ROS and delay, or even prevent the onset of many diseases. However, in view of the reported pro-oxidant effects of high DHEA doses, the potential use of this agent as a supplement needs a careful evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kiersztan
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Kongorzul Gaanga
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Apolonia Witecka
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam K Jagielski
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
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9
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Highly Regioselective and Stereoselective Biohydroxylations of Oxandrolone. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbially catalyzed reactions are a powerful and valuable tool for organic synthesis of many compounds with potential biological activity. Herein, we report efficient hydroxylations of the steroidal anabolic-androgenic lactone, oxandrolone, in the cultures of three strains of fungi, Fusarium culmorum, Mortierella isabellina, and Laetiporus sulphureus. These reactions resulted in the production of four metabolites identified as 12β-hydroxyoxandrolone (2), 9α-hydroxyoxandrolone (3), 6α-hydroxyoxandrolone (4), and 15α-hydroxyoxandrolone (5), the latter being a new compound. The high substrate conversion rates and the product yields achieved indicate that these strains offer a new way to generate steroidal hydroxylactones with potential pharmaceutical interest. The structures of the isolated derivatives were characterized on the basis of spectroscopic data. The effect of modification of the A-ring structure of the steroid by the lactone group on the selectivity of hydroxylation in cultures of the tested fungi is also discussed.
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Angelova G, Skodova T, Prokopiusova T, Markova M, Hruskova N, Prochazkova M, Pavlikova M, Spanhelova S, Stetkarova I, Bicikova M, Kolatorova L, Rasova K. Ambulatory Neuroproprioceptive Facilitation and Inhibition Physical Therapy Improves Clinical Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis and Modulates Serum Level of Neuroactive Steroids: A Two-Arm Parallel-Group Exploratory Trial. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10110267. [PMID: 33142850 PMCID: PMC7693100 DOI: 10.3390/life10110267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Only few studies have monitored the potential of physical activity training and physical therapy to modulate the reaction of the endocrine system. In this study, the effect of neuroproprioceptive facilitation and inhibition physical therapy on clinical outcomes and neuroactive steroids production in people with multiple sclerosis was evaluated. Moreover, we were interested in the factors that influence the treatment effect. Methods: In total, 44 patients with multiple sclerosis were randomly divided into two groups. Each group underwent a different kind of two months ambulatory therapy (Motor program activating therapy and Vojta’s reflex locomotion). During the following two months, participants were asked to continue the autotherapy. Primary (serum level of cortisol, cortisone, 7α-OH-DHEA, 7β-OH-DHEA, 7-oxo-DHEA, DHEA) and secondary (balance, cognition and patient-reported outcomes) outcomes were examined three times (pre, post, and washout assessments). Results: In both groups, there is a decreasing trend of 7-oxo-DHEA concentration in post-assessment and 7β-OH-DHEA in washout versus pre-assessment. A higher impact on neuroactive steroids is visible after Vojta’s reflex locomotion. As for clinical outcomes, the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test and Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale significantly improved between post-assessment and washout assessment. The improvement was similar for both treatments. Conclusions: Neuroproprioceptive facilitation and inhibition improved the clinical outcomes and led to non-significant changes in neuroactive steroids. Trial registration (NCT04379193).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Angelova
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 10000 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (G.A.); (T.P.); (M.M.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Tereza Skodova
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrionology, 11694 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.S.); (M.B.); (L.K.)
| | - Terezie Prokopiusova
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 10000 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (G.A.); (T.P.); (M.M.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Magdalena Markova
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 10000 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (G.A.); (T.P.); (M.M.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Natalia Hruskova
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 10000 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (G.A.); (T.P.); (M.M.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Marie Prochazkova
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 10000 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (G.A.); (T.P.); (M.M.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Marketa Pavlikova
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 10000 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (G.A.); (T.P.); (M.M.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Sarka Spanhelova
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sport Medicine, Motol University Hospital, V Uvalu 84, 150 06 Prague 5, Czech Republic;
| | - Ivana Stetkarova
- Department of Neurology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 10000 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Marie Bicikova
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrionology, 11694 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.S.); (M.B.); (L.K.)
| | - Lucie Kolatorova
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrionology, 11694 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.S.); (M.B.); (L.K.)
| | - Kamila Rasova
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruska 87, 10000 Prague 10, Czech Republic; (G.A.); (T.P.); (M.M.); (N.H.); (M.P.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence: or
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11
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Gabai G, Mongillo P, Giaretta E, Marinelli L. Do Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and Its Sulfate (DHEAS) Play a Role in the Stress Response in Domestic Animals? Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:588835. [PMID: 33195624 PMCID: PMC7649144 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.588835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In animal husbandry, stress is often associated with poor health and welfare. Stress occurs when a physiological control system detects a state of real or presumptive threat to the animal's homeostasis or a failure to control a fitness-critical variable. The definition of stress has mostly relied on glucocorticoids measurement, even though glucocorticoids represent one stress-response system, the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, which is not precise enough as it is also related to metabolic regulation and activated in non-stressful situations (pleasure, excitement, and arousal). The mammal adrenal can synthesize the androgenic steroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its sulfate metabolite (DHEAS), which have been associated to the stress response in several studies performed mostly in humans and laboratory animals. Although the functions of these steroids are not fully understood, available data suggest their antagonistic effects on glucocorticoids and, in humans, their secretion is affected by stress. This review explores the scientific literature on DHEA and DHEAS release in domestic animals in response to stressors of different nature (inflammatory, physical, or social) and duration, and the extra-adrenal contribution to circulating DHEA. Then, the potential use of DHEA in conjunction with cortisol to improve the definition of the stress phenotype in farmed animals is discussed. Although the focus of this review is on farmed animals, examples from other species are reported when available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Gabai
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Paolo Mongillo
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Elisa Giaretta
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Lieta Marinelli
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
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12
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Hippocampal 7α-Hydroxylated Neurosteroids Are Raised by Training and Bolster Remote Spatial Memory with Increase of the Spine Densities. iScience 2020; 23:101559. [PMID: 33083728 PMCID: PMC7522809 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroactive steroids, termed neurosteroids, are synthesized locally in the brain and influence biological functions including cognition and behavior. These neurosteroids are synthesized from cholesterol by a series of cytochrome P450 enzymes, among which a member of P450 hydroxylase, cytochrome P450-7b1 (CYP7B1), catalyzes the formation of 7α-hydroxylated neurosteroids, 7α-hydroxypregnenolone (7α-OH-Preg) and 7α-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone (7α-OH-DHEA). Here we demonstrated the occurrence of these neurosteroids in the mouse hippocampus after spatial-learning tasks. Cyp7b1 deficiency impaired remote spatial memory with recent memory mostly unaffected. The hippocampal dendritic spine densities were reduced in Cyp7b1-deficient mice, and they were no more increased by the training. Furthermore, chronic intracerebroventricular administration of a mixture of 7α-OH-Preg and 7α-OH-DHEA rescued the deteriorated remote memory performance in Cyp7b1-deficient mice. It is concluded that the 7α-hydroxylated neurosteroids are required for long-term maintenance of spatial memory, and we suggest that these neurosteroids may induce synaptic remodeling to maintain the hippocampal function. LC-MS/MS analysis identified 7α-hydroxylated neurosteroids in the mouse hippocampus The hippocampal neurosteroids were induced by spatial water maze training KO of 7α-hydroxylating enzyme impaired remote memory and hippocampal spine density Infusion of the 7α-hydroxylated steroids to the KO rescued impaired remote memory
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13
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Gomes LR, Low JN, Turner AB, Baddeley TC, Wardell JL. Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of the di- and tri-hydrates of (5α,17E)-17-hydrazonoandrostan-3-ol: Significant differences in the hydrogen bonding patterns and supramolecular arrangements. Steroids 2018; 140:92-103. [PMID: 30273694 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structures, Hirshfeld surface analyses and electrostatic potential surfaces of the di- and tri-hydrates of (5α,17E)-17-hydrazonoandrostan-3-ol, 3, namely [3·(H2O)2] and [3·(H2O)3], are reported. The trihydrate, isolated from a solution of 3 in moist methanol, recrystallizes in the orthorhombic space group, P212121, while that of the dihydrate, isolated from a 1:1 aqueous methanol solution, recrystallizes in the monoclinic space group, P21. The asymmetric unit of the trihydrate involves one steroid and three water molecules, while that of the dihydrate has two similar but independent steroid molecules and four hydrate molecules. Very similar conformations are found for the steroid molecules in both hydrates. As expected, the different mole ratios of water: steroid have major influences on the structures. In both cases, complex crystal structures are constructed from various classical hydrogen bonds, involving the hydrate molecules and the hydroxy and hydrazonyl moieties of the steroid. In the trihydrate, there are no direct connections between the steroid molecules, instead the water molecules link the steroid molecules, with only weak van der Waals forces between the steroid molecules. There are some direct links between the steroid molecules in the dihydrate, involving OH(steroid hydroxyl)⋯O(steroid oxo) hydrogen bonds, in a head to head fashion, and OH⋯N(hydrazonyl) hydrogen bonds, in a head to tail fashion. However, the major occurrence throughout the structure is of steroid molecules linked by water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia R Gomes
- FP-ENAS-Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Escola Superior de Saúde da UFP, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, P-4200-150 Porto, Portugal; REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - John N Low
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Old Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland
| | - Alan B Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Old Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland
| | - Thomas C Baddeley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Old Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland
| | - James L Wardell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Old Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland; Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos e Farmanguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21041-250 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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14
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VITKU J, KOLATOROVA L, RICCO C, FERROUD C, HENNEBERT O, SKODOVA T, HERACEK J, STARKA L. The Quantitation of 7β-Hydroxy-Epiandrosterone in the Plasma and Seminal Plasma of Men With Different Degrees of Fertility. Physiol Res 2018; 67:S511-S519. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
7β-hydroxy-epiandrosterone (7β-OH-EpiA) is an endogenous androgen metabolite that has been shown to exert neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and anti-estrogenic effects. However, to the best of our knowledge no information is available about this androgen steroid in relation to sperm quality. We analyzed 7β-OH-EpiA in plasma and seminal plasma using a newly developed isotope dilution ultra-high performance liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry method. Validation met the requirements of FDA guidelines. Levels of 7β-OH-EpiA were measured in 191 men with different degrees of infertility. One-way analysis of variance followed by multiple comparison and correlation analysis adjusted for age, BMI and abstinence time were performed to evaluate the relationships between this steroid and sperm quality. Concentrations of 7β-OH-EpiA in seminal plasma were significantly higher in severely infertile men in comparison with healthy men and slightly infertile men. The same trend was found when blood plasma was evaluated. Furthermore, plasma 7β-OH-EpiA negatively correlated with sperm concentration (-0.215; p<0.01) and total count (-0.15; p<0.05). Seminal 7β-OH-EpiA was negatively associated with motility (-0.26; p<0.01), progressively motile spermatozoa (-0.233; p<0.01) and nonprogressively motile spermatozoa (-0.188; p<0.05). 7β-OH-EpiA is associated with lower sperm quality and deserves more research in that respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. VITKU
- Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
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15
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Kozłowska E, Urbaniak M, Hoc N, Grzeszczuk J, Dymarska M, Stępień Ł, Pląskowska E, Kostrzewa-Susłow E, Janeczko T. Cascade biotransformation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) by Beauveria species. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13449. [PMID: 30194436 PMCID: PMC6128828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31665-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Beauveria bassiana is an entomopathogenic fungus used as a biological control agent. It is a well-known biocatalyst for the transformation of steroid compounds. Hydroxylations at the 7α or 11α position and oxidation to D-homo lactones are described in the literature. In our study, we examined the diversity of metabolism of five different B. bassiana strains and compared them to already known pathways. According to the literature, 7α and 11α-hydroxy derivatives as well as 3β,11α-dihydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-androst-5-en-17-one have been observed. Here we describe new DHEA metabolic pathways and two products not described before: 3β-hydroxy-17a-oxa-D-homo-androst-5-en-7,17-dione and 3β,11α-dihydroxyandrost-5-en-7,17-dione. We also used for the first time another species from this genus, Beauveria caledonica, for steroid transformation. DHEA was hydroxylated at the 7α, 7β and 11α positions and then reactions of oxidation and reduction leading to 3β,11α-dihydroxyandrost-5-en-7,17-dione were observed. All tested strains from the Beauveria genus effectively transformed the steroid substrate using several different enzymes, resulting in cascade transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Kozłowska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Monika Urbaniak
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia Hoc
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jakub Grzeszczuk
- Department of Plant Protection, Division of Phytopathology and Mycology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Dymarska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Stępień
- Department of Pathogen Genetics and Plant Resistance, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pląskowska
- Department of Plant Protection, Division of Phytopathology and Mycology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janeczko
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
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16
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Gomes LR, Low JN, Turner AB, Wardell JL. Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of the hemi-hydrate and hemi-methanolate of 3α-hydroxy-16α-bromoandrostan-17-one, 3: Differences in supramolecular arrangements. Steroids 2018; 137:30-39. [PMID: 30031854 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of two hemi-solvates of 3α-hydroxy-16α-bromoandrostan-17-one, 3, namely [(3)2.(H2O)] and [(3)2.(MeOH)], are reported. Both solvates crystallize in the monoclinic space group, P21, with Z = 4.. The asymmetric unit of the hemi-hydrate [(3)2.(H2O)] contains two independent but similar steroid molecules and a water molecule, while that of the hemi-methanoate [(3)2.(MeOH)] has four similar but independent steroid molecules and two methanol molecules. Very similar conformations are found for the steroid molecules in both solvates. In both solvates, the strongest intermolecular interactions are OH···O hydrogen bonds, involving hydroxyl groups of the steroid and the solvate molecule, which result in head-to-head directly linked steroid molecules and solvate separated steroid molecules. In both cases, the oxygen atoms of the carbonyl groups of the steroids are involved in weaker CH···O hydrogen bonds which directly link steroid molecules in tail-to-tail fashions. Combinations of the hydrogen bonds, both OH···O and CH···O, result in two-molecule wide sheets in the hemi-hydrate, which are further weakly linked in the hemi--methanoate into a 3-dimensional array. Very different hydrogen bonded chains are found in the two solvates. There is a higher proportion of CH···O to OH···O hydrogen bonds in the hemi-methanoate, [8-6], compared to that in the hemi-hydrate [1-4]: this is an indication of the weaker solvating influence of methanol compared to water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia R Gomes
- FP-ENAS-Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde, Escola Superior de Saúde da UFP, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Rua Carlos da Maia, 296, P-4200-150 Porto, Portugal; REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, P-4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - John N Low
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Old Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Alan B Turner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Old Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - James L Wardell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Old Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland, United Kingdom; Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos e Farmanguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21041-250 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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17
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Maciel-Barón LÁ, Morales-Rosales SL, Silva-Palacios A, Rodríguez-Barrera RH, García-Álvarez JA, Luna-López A, Pérez VI, Torres C, Königsberg M. The secretory phenotype of senescent astrocytes isolated from Wistar newborn rats changes with anti-inflammatory drugs, but does not have a short-term effect on neuronal mitochondrial potential. Biogerontology 2018; 19:415-433. [PMID: 30097900 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-018-9767-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In the central nervous system (CNS), senescent astrocytes have been associated with neurodegeneration. Senescent cells secrete a complex mixture of pro-inflammatory factors, which are collectively called Senescence Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP). The SASP components can vary depending on the cell type, senescence inducer and time. The SASP has been mainly studied in fibroblasts and epithelial cells, but little is known in the context of the CNS. Here, the SASP profile in senescent astrocytes isolated from Wistar newborn rats induced to senescence by oxidative stress or by proteasome inhibition was analyzed. Senescent astrocytes secreted predominantly chemokines and IL-1α, but no IL-6. The effect of the anti-inflammatory drugs, sulforaphane (SFN) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), on the SASP profile was evaluated. Our results showed that SFN and DHEA decreased IL-1α secretion while increasing IL-10, thus modifying the SASP to a less anti-inflammatory profile. Primary neurons were subjected to the conditioned media obtained from drug-treated senescent astrocytes, and their mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Ángel Maciel-Barón
- División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, A.P. 55-535, C.P. 09340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sandra Lizbeth Morales-Rosales
- División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, A.P. 55-535, C.P. 09340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Silva-Palacios
- División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, A.P. 55-535, C.P. 09340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Posgrado en Biología Experimental, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 09340, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Roxana Haydee Rodríguez-Barrera
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte, Huixquilucan, 52786, Naucalpan de Juárez, Estado de México, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Claudio Torres
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
| | - Mina Königsberg
- División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, A.P. 55-535, C.P. 09340, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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18
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Determination of dehydroepiandrosterone and its biologically active oxygenated metabolites in human plasma evinces a hormonal imbalance during HIV-TB coinfection. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6692. [PMID: 29703963 PMCID: PMC5923237 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24771-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An estimated one third of the world's population is affected by latent tuberculosis (TB), which once active represents a leading cause of death among infectious diseases. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a main predisposing factor to TB reactivation. Individuals HIV-TB co-infected develop a chronic state of inflammation associated with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation. This results in a hormonal imbalance, disturbing the physiological levels of cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). DHEA and its oxygenated metabolites androstenediol (AED), androstenetriol (AET) and 7-oxo-DHEA are immunomodulatory compounds that may regulate physiopathology in HIV-TB co-infection. In order to study possible changes in plasma levels of these hormones, we developed an approach based on high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). To our knowledge, this represents the first report of their simultaneous measurement in HIV-TB individuals and the comparison with healthy donors, obtaining statistically higher plasma levels of DHEA, AET and 7-oxo-DHEA in patients. Moreover, we found that concentrations of 7-oxo-DHEA positively correlated with absolute CD4+ T cell counts, nadir CD4+ T cell values and with individuals who presented TB restricted to the lungs. This research contributes to understanding the role of these hormones in HIV-TB and emphasizes the importance of deepening their study in this context.
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Schiffer L, Arlt W, Storbeck KH. Intracrine androgen biosynthesis, metabolism and action revisited. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 465:4-26. [PMID: 28865807 PMCID: PMC6565845 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Androgens play an important role in metabolic homeostasis and reproductive health in both men and women. Androgen signalling is dependent on androgen receptor activation, mostly by testosterone and 5α-dihydrotestosterone. However, the intracellular or intracrine activation of C19 androgen precursors to active androgens in peripheral target tissues of androgen action is of equal importance. Intracrine androgen synthesis is often not reflected by circulating androgens but rather by androgen metabolites and conjugates. In this review we provide an overview of human C19 steroid biosynthesis including the production of 11-oxygenated androgens, their transport in circulation and uptake into peripheral tissues. We conceptualise the mechanisms of intracrinology and review the intracrine pathways of activation and inactivation in selected human tissues. The contribution of liver and kidney as organs driving androgen inactivation and renal excretion are also highlighted. Finally, the importance of quantifying androgen metabolites and conjugates to assess intracrine androgen production is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Schiffer
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Wiebke Arlt
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Karl-Heinz Storbeck
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
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20
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Kiersztan A, Trojan N, Tempes A, Nalepa P, Sitek J, Winiarska K, Usarek M. DHEA supplementation to dexamethasone-treated rabbits alleviates oxidative stress in kidney-cortex and attenuates albuminuria. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 174:17-26. [PMID: 28782595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Our recent study has shown that dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) administered to rabbits partially ameliorated several dexamethasone (dexP) effects on hepatic and renal gluconeogenesis, insulin resistance and plasma lipid disorders. In the current investigation, we present the data on DHEA protective action against dexP-induced oxidative stress and albuminuria in rabbits. Four groups of adult male rabbits were used in the in vivo experiment: (1) control, (2) dexP-treated, (3) DHEA-treated and (4) both dexP- and DHEA-treated. Administration of dexP resulted in accelerated generation of renal hydroxyl free radicals (HFR) and malondialdehyde (MDA), accompanied by diminished superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities and a dramatic rise in urinary albumin/creatinine ratio. Treatment with DHEA markedly reduced dexP-induced oxidative stress in kidney-cortex due to a decline in NADPH oxidase activity and enhancement of catalase activity. Moreover, DHEA effectively attenuated dexP-evoked albuminuria. Surprisingly, dexP-treated rabbits exhibited elevation of GSH/GSSG ratio, accompanied by a decrease in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities as well as an increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity. Treatment with DHEA resulted in a decline in GSH/GSSG ratio and glutathione reductase (GR) activity, accompanied by an elevation of GPx activity. Interestingly, rabbits treated with both dexP and DHEA remained the control values of GSH/GSSG ratio. As the co-administration of DHEA with dexP resulted in (i) reduction of oxidative stress in kidney-cortex, (ii) attenuation of albuminuria and (iii) normalization of glutathione redox state, DHEA might limit several undesirable renal side effects during chronic GC treatment of patients suffering from allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Moreover, its supplementation might be particularly beneficial for the therapy of patients with glucocorticoid-induced diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kiersztan
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Nina Trojan
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Tempes
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Paweł Nalepa
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Joanna Sitek
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Winiarska
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Michał Usarek
- Department of Metabolic Regulation, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
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Świzdor A, Panek A, Milecka-Tronina N. Hydroxylative activity of Aspergillus niger towards androst-4-ene and androst-5-ene steroids. Steroids 2017; 126:101-106. [PMID: 28827070 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Aspergillus niger, one of fungal species most frequently used for experimental and industrial-scale biotransformations of various organic compounds, is generally known to transform steroids at 16β position. In this work, application of the strain A. niger KCH910 to bioconversion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstenediol and testosterone is described, with emphasis on the metabolic steps leading to the products. Evidence from this study indicated that incubated 5-ene steroids underwent bioconversion within two metabolic pathways: oxidation by the action of 3β-HSD (3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) to 4-ene steroids, and minor allylic hydroxylation to epimeric 7-alcohols. Further transformation of the 3-oxo-4-ene metabolites resulted in non-selective 16-hydroxylation. It is the first report on an A. niger strain able to introduce not only 16β- but also 16α-hydroxyl function into steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Świzdor
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Panek
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Natalia Milecka-Tronina
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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Isaria fumosorosea KCh J2 Entomopathogenic Strain as an Effective Biocatalyst for Steroid Compound Transformations. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091511. [PMID: 28891949 PMCID: PMC6151793 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalytic activity of enzymes produced by an entomopathogenic filamentous fungus (Isaria fumosorosea KCh J2) towards selected steroid compounds (androstenedione, adrenosterone, progesterone, 17α-methyltestosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone) was investigated. All tested substrates were efficiently transformed. The structure of the substrate has a crucial impact on regio- and stereoselectivity of hydroxylation since it affects binding to the active site of the enzyme. Androstenedione was hydroxylated in the 7α-position to give a key intermediate in the synthesis of the diuretic-7α-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3,17-dione with 82% conversion. Adrenosterone and 17α-methyltestosterone were hydroxylated in the 6β-position. Hydroxylated derivatives such as 15β-hydroxy-17α-methyltestosterone and 6β,12β-dihydroxy-17α-methyltestosterone were also observed. In the culture of Isaria fumosorosea KCh J2, DHEA was effectively hydroxylated in the C-7 position and then oxidized to give 7-oxo-DHEA, 3β,7α- and 3β,7β-dihydroxy-17a-oxa-d-homo-androst-5-ene-17-one. We obtained 7β-OH-DHEA lactone with 82% yield during 3 days transformation of highly concentrated (5 g/L) DHEA.
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Steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines derived from dehydroepiandrosterone: A convenient synthesis, antiproliferation activity, structure-activity relationships, and role of heterocyclic moiety. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44439. [PMID: 28290501 PMCID: PMC5349525 DOI: 10.1038/srep44439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of steroidal[17,16-d]pyrimidines derived from dehydroepiandrosterone were designed and prepared by a convenient heterocyclization reaction. The in vitro anticancer activities for these obtained compounds were evaluated against human cancer cell lines (HepG2, Huh-7, and SGC-7901), which demonstrated that some of these heterocyclic pyrimidine derivatives exhibited significantly good cytotoxic activities against all tested cell lines compared with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), especially, compound 3b exhibited high potential growth inhibitory activities against all tested cell lines with the IC50 values of 5.41 ± 1.34, 5.65 ± 1.02 and 10.64 ± 1.49 μM, respectively, which might be used as promising lead scaffold for discovery of novel anticancer agents.
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A Metabolome-Wide Study of Dry Eye Disease Reveals Serum Androgens as Biomarkers. Ophthalmology 2017; 124:505-511. [PMID: 28139245 PMCID: PMC5375174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the association between serum metabolites and dry eye disease (DED) using a hypothesis-free metabolomics approach. DESIGN Cross-sectional association study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2819 subjects from the population-representative TwinsUK cohort in the United Kingdom, with a mean age of 57 years (range, 17-82 years). METHODS We tested associations between 222 known serum metabolites and DED. All subjects underwent nontargeted metabolomic analysis of plasma samples using gas and liquid chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry (Metabolon Inc., Durham, NC). Dry eye disease was defined from the validated Short Questionnaire for Dry Eye Syndrome (SQDES) as a previous diagnosis of DED by a clinician or "often" or "constant" symptoms of dryness and irritation. Analyses were performed with linear mixed effect models that included age, BMI, and sex as covariates, corrected for multiple testing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome was DED as defined by the SQDES, and secondary outcomes were symptom score of DED and a clinical diagnosis of DED. RESULTS Prevalence of DED as defined by the SQDES was 15.5% (n = 436). A strong and metabolome-wide significant association with DED was found with decreased levels of the metabolites androsterone sulfate (P = 0.00030) and epiandrosterone sulfate (P = 0.00036). Three other metabolites involved in androgen metabolism, 4-androsten-3beta,17beta-diol disulfate 1 and 2, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, were the next most strongly associated of the 222 metabolites, but did not reach metabolome-wide significance. Dryness and irritation symptoms, as opposed to a clinical diagnosis, were particularly strongly associated with decreased androgen steroid metabolites, with all reaching metabolome-wide significance (androsterone sulfate, P = 0.000000029; epiandrosterone sulfate, P = 0.0000040; 4-androsten-3beta,17beta-diol disulfate 1, P = 0.000016; 4-androsten-3beta,17beta-diol disulfate 2, P = 0.000064; and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, P = 0.00011). Of these 5 androgens, epiandrosterone sulfate (P = 0.0076) was most associated with 2-year incidence of clinician-diagnosed DED. In addition, we found decreased glycerophosphocholines to be associated with DED, although not at metabolome-wide significance. CONCLUSIONS This hypothesis-free metabolomic approach found decreased serum androgens to be highly associated with DED and adds important evidence to the growing body of research that links androgens to ocular surface disease and DED.
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Świzdor A, Panek A, Milecka-Tronina N. Biohydroxylation of 7-oxo-DHEA, a natural metabolite of DHEA, resulting in formation of new metabolites of potential pharmaceutical interest. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 88:844-849. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alina Świzdor
- Department of Chemistry; Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wrocław Poland
| | - Anna Panek
- Department of Chemistry; Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wrocław Poland
| | - Natalia Milecka-Tronina
- Department of Chemistry; Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences; Wrocław Poland
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26
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Vaňková M, Hill M, Velíková M, Včelák J, Vacínová G, Dvořáková K, Lukášová P, Vejražková D, Rusina R, Holmerová I, Jarolímová E, Vaňková H, Kancheva R, Bendlová B, Stárka L. Preliminary evidence of altered steroidogenesis in women with Alzheimer's disease: Have the patients "OLDER" adrenal zona reticularis? J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 158:157-177. [PMID: 26704533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents more than half of total dementias. Various factors including altered steroid biosynthesis may participate in its pathophysiology. We investigated how the circulating steroids (measured by GC-MS and RIA) may be altered in the presence of AD. Sixteen women with AD and 22 age- and BMI-corresponding controls aged over 65 years were enrolled in the study. The steroid levels (47 steroids and steroid polar conjugates) and their ratios in AD female patients indicated increased CYP11A1 activity, weakened activity of the CYP17A1C17,20 lyase metabolic step and attenuated sulfotransferase SULT2A1 activity at higher activity of the CYP17A1 17-hydroxylase step. The patients showed diminished HSD3B2 activity for C21 steroids, abated conversion of 17-hydroxyprogesterone to cortisol, and significantly elevated cortisol. The women with AD had also attenuated steroid 7α-hydroxylation forming immunoprotective Δ(5)-C19 steroids, attenuated aromatase activity forming estradiol that induces autoimmunity and a shift from the 3β-hydroxy-5α/β-reduced C19 steroids to their neuroinhibitory and antiinflammatory GABAergic 3α-hydroxy- counterparts and showed higher levels of the 3α-hydroxy-5α/β-reduced C21 steroids and pregnenolone sulfate (improves cognitive abilities but may be both protective and excitotoxic). Our preliminary data indicated functioning of alternative "backdoor" pathway in women with AD showing higher levels of both 5α/β-reduced C21 steroids but reduced levels of both 5α/β-reduced C21 steroids, which implied that the alternative "backdoor" pathway might include both 5α- and 5β-reduced steroids. Our study suggested relationships between AD status in women based on the age of subjects and levels of 10 steroids measured by GC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Vaňková
- Institute of Endocrinology, Národní 8, Prague 116 94, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Hill
- Institute of Endocrinology, Národní 8, Prague 116 94, Czech Republic.
| | - Marta Velíková
- Institute of Endocrinology, Národní 8, Prague 116 94, Czech Republic.
| | - Josef Včelák
- Institute of Endocrinology, Národní 8, Prague 116 94, Czech Republic.
| | - Gabriela Vacínová
- Institute of Endocrinology, Národní 8, Prague 116 94, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Petra Lukášová
- Institute of Endocrinology, Národní 8, Prague 116 94, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Robert Rusina
- Department of Neurology, Thomayer's Hospital, Vídeňská 800, Prague 140 59, Czech Republic.
| | - Iva Holmerová
- Faculty of Humanities, Charles University in Prague, Ovocný trh 5, Prague 110 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Eva Jarolímová
- Faculty of Humanities, Charles University in Prague, Ovocný trh 5, Prague 110 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Vaňková
- Faculty of Humanities, Charles University in Prague, Ovocný trh 5, Prague 110 00, Czech Republic; Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Ovocný trh 5, Prague 110 00, Czech Republic.
| | - Radmila Kancheva
- Institute of Endocrinology, Národní 8, Prague 116 94, Czech Republic.
| | - Běla Bendlová
- Institute of Endocrinology, Národní 8, Prague 116 94, Czech Republic.
| | - Luboslav Stárka
- Institute of Endocrinology, Národní 8, Prague 116 94, Czech Republic.
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27
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Dias TR, Alves MG, Almeida SP, Silva J, Barros A, Sousa M, Silva BM, Silvestre SM, Oliveira PF. Dehydroepiandrosterone and 7-oxo-dehydroepiandrosterone in male reproductive health: Implications of differential regulation of human Sertoli cells metabolic profile. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 154:1-11. [PMID: 26134425 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a precursor of androgen synthesis whose action is partially exerted through its metabolites. 7-Oxo-dehydroepiandrosterone (7-oxo-DHEA) is a common DHEA metabolite, non-convertible to androgens, which constitutes a promising therapeutic strategy for multiple conditions. Sertoli cells (SCs) are responsible for the support of spermatogenesis, having unique metabolic characteristics strongly modulated by androgens. Consequently, disruptions in androgen synthesis compromise SCs function and hence male fertility. We aimed to evaluate the effects of DHEA and 7-oxo-DHEA in human SCs (hSCs) metabolism and oxidative profile. To do so, hSCs were exposed to increasing concentrations of DHEA and 7-oxo-DHEA (0.025, 1 and 50 μM) that revealed to be non-cytotoxic in these experimental conditions. We measured hSCs metabolites consumption/production by (1)H NMR, the protein expression levels of key players of the glycolytic pathway by Western blot as well as the levels of carbonyl groups, nitration and lipid peroxidation by Slot blot. The obtained data demonstrated that 7-oxo-DHEA is a more potent metabolic modulator than DHEA since it increased hSCs glycolytic flux. DHEA seem to redirect hSCs metabolism to the Krebs cycle, while 7-oxo-DHEA has some inhibitory effect in this path. The highest 7-oxo-DHEA concentrations (1 and 50 μM) also increased lactate production, which is of extreme relevance for the successful progression of spermatogenesis in vivo. None of these steroids altered the intracellular oxidative profile of hSCs, illustrating that, at the concentrations used they do not have pro- nor antioxidant actions in hSCs. Our study represents a further step in the establishment of safe doses of DHEA and 7-oxo-DHEA to hSCs, supporting its possible use in hormonal and non-hormonal therapies against male reproductive problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia R Dias
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Susana P Almeida
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS) and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joaquina Silva
- Centre for Reproductive Genetics Prof. Alberto Barros, 4100-009 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alberto Barros
- Centre for Reproductive Genetics Prof. Alberto Barros, 4100-009 Porto, Portugal; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4100-009 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Health Research and Innovation, University of Porto, 4100-009 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário Sousa
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS) and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Centre for Reproductive Genetics Prof. Alberto Barros, 4100-009 Porto, Portugal
| | - Branca M Silva
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Samuel M Silvestre
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; CNC-Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- CICS-UBI-Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS) and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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28
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SOSVOROVA L, MOHAPL M, HILL M, STARKA L, BICIKOVA M, VITKU J, KANCEVA R, BESTAK J, HAMPL R. Steroid Hormones and Homocysteine in the Outcome of Patients With Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus. Physiol Res 2015; 64:S227-36. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is one of a few treatable conditions of cognitive decline affecting predominately elderly people. Treatment, commonly based on the ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion, leads to a partial or complete correction of patient's state, although its effect does not unfortunately always last. The aim of our study was to observe the changes of homocysteine and selected steroids and neurosteroids and follow-up the patients with respect to the duration of the NPH-related dementia improvement. The cerebrospinal fluid and plasma levels of cortisol, cortisone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 7α-hydroxy-DHEA, 7β-hydroxy-DHEA, 7-oxo-DHEA, 16α-hydroxy-DHEA (all LC-MS/MS), DHEA-sulphate (DHEAS) (radioimmunoassay) and homocysteine (gas chromatography) were determined in NPH-diagnosed subjects before, during and 6, 12 and 24 months after shunt insertion. The cognitive functions ameliorated after shunt insertion and remain improved within 2 years. Changes in cerebrospinal fluid DHEAS, DHEA and its ratio, cortisone/cortisol and 16α-hydroxy-DHEA and plasma DHEAS, 7β-hydroxy-DHEA, cortisone/cortisol and homocysteine were found. Mentioned changes may contribute to the clarification of NPH pathogenesis. Altered neurosteroids levels are possible indicators to be utilized in the follow-up of NPH subjects. Moreover, plasma homocysteine may serve as an early indicator of NPH-related dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. SOSVOROVA
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
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Grainger WS, Parish EJ. Allylic oxidation of steroidal olefins by vanadyl acetylacetonate and tert-butyl hydroperoxide. Steroids 2015; 101:103-9. [PMID: 26091580 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Readily available vanadyl acetylacetonate was found to oxidize the allylic sites of Δ(5) steroidal alcohols without protection of hydroxyl groups. Cholesterol, dehydroepiandrosterone, cholesterol benzoate, cholesterol acetate, pregnenolone, and 5-pregnen-3,20-diene were oxidized to 7-keto products using vanadyl acetylacetonate in one pot reactions at room temperature in the presence of oxygen and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendell S Grainger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5319, United States
| | - Edward J Parish
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Science and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5319, United States.
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30
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Ke S, Shi L, Yang Z. Discovery of novel isatin-dehydroepiandrosterone conjugates as potential anticancer agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:4628-31. [PMID: 26320625 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of isatin-dehydroepiandrosterone hybrids were synthesised via a convenient condensation procedure, and which were evaluated for their potential anticancer activities. The preliminary assays indicated that some of the newly obtained compounds exhibited good antitumor activities against human hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG2), heptoma (Huh-7), melanoma (A875) and 5-fluorouracil-resistant human hepatocellular carcinoma (BEL-7402/5-FU) cell lines compared with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), which might be considered as promising lead scaffold for further design and synthesis of highly potential anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyong Ke
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liqiao Shi
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziwen Yang
- National Biopesticide Engineering Research Center, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, People's Republic of China
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31
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Sosvorova L, Hill M, Mohapl M, Vitku J, Hampl R. Steroid hormones in prediction of normal pressure hydrocephalus. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 152:124-32. [PMID: 25976421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a treatable neurological disorder affecting elderly people with the prevalence increasing with age. NPH is caused by abnormal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reabsorption and manifested as a balance impairment, urinary incontinence and dementia development. These symptoms are potentially reversible if recognized early. Diagnosis of NPH is difficult and can be easily mistaken for other neurodegenerative disorders, which makes NPH one of the major misdiagnosed diseases worldwide. The aim of the study was to find out the appropriate combination of indicators, based on CSF steroids, which would contribute to a clearer NPH diagnosis. The levels of CSF cortisol, cortisone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 7α-OH-DHEA, 7β-OH-DHEA, 7-oxo-DHEA, 16α-OH-DHEA and aldosterone (all LC-MS/MS) were determined in our patients (n=30; NPH, 65-80 years) and controls (n=10; 65-80 years). The model of orthogonal projections to latent structures (OPLS) was constructed to predict NPH. Cortisone, 7α-OH-DHEA, 7β-OH-DHEA, 7-oxo-DHEA, aldosterone, 7α-OH-DHEA /DHEA, 7-oxo-DHEA/7α-OH-DHEA, 7β-OH-DHEA/7-oxo-DHEA and 16α-OH-DHEA/DHEA in the CSF were identified as the key predictors and the model discriminated patients from controls with 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The suggested model would contribute to early and accurate NPH diagnosis, enabling promptly treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Sosvorova
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Hill
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Mohapl
- University Military Hospital Prague, Department of Neurosurgery, U Vojenske nemocnice 1200, 169 02 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Vitku
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Hampl
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Narodni 8, 116 94 Prague, Czech Republic
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Sosvorova L, Vitku J, Chlupacova T, Mohapl M, Hampl R. Determination of seven selected neuro- and immunomodulatory steroids in human cerebrospinal fluid and plasma using LC-MS/MS. Steroids 2015; 98:1-8. [PMID: 25676787 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and its 7-oxo- and 7-hydroxy-metabolites occurring in the brain are considered neurosteroids. Metabolism of the latter is catalysed by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD) which also interconverts cortisol and cortisone. The concurrent metabolic reaction to DHEA 7-hydroxylation is the formation of 16α-hydroxy-DHEA. The LC-MS/MS method using triple stage quadrupole-mass spectrometer was developed for simultaneous quantification of free DHEA, 7α-hydroxy-DHEA, 7β-hydroxy-DHEA, 7-oxo-DHEA, 16α-hydroxy-DHEA, cortisol and cortisone in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The method employs 500 μL of human plasma and 3000 μL of CSF extracted with diethyl ether and derivatized with 2-hydrazinopyridine. It has been validated in terms of sensitivity, precision and recovery. In plasma, the following values were obtained: limit of detection: 2-50p g/mL; limit of quantification: 5-140 pg/mL; within-day precision 0.58-14.58%; between-day precision: 1.24-13.89% and recovery: 85-113.2%). For CSF, the values of limit of detection: 2-28 pg/mL; limit of quantification: 6-94 pg/mL; within-day precision; 0.63-5.48%; between-day precision: 0.88-14.59% and recovery: 85.1-109.4% were acquired. Medians and concentration ranges of detected steroids in plasma and CSF are given in subjects with excluded normal pressure hydrocephalus (n=37; 65-80 years). The method enables simultaneous quantification of steroids important for the estimation of 11β-HSD activity in human plasma and CSF. It will be helpful in better understanding various degenerative diseases development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Sosvorova
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Narodni 8, 11694 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Vitku
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Narodni 8, 11694 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Chlupacova
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Narodni 8, 11694 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Mohapl
- Military University Hospital Prague, Department of Neurosurgery, U Vojenske nemocnice 1200, 16902 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Hampl
- Institute of Endocrinology, Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Narodni 8, 11694 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Immunoendocrine interactions during HIV-TB coinfection: implications for the design of new adjuvant therapies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:461093. [PMID: 26075241 PMCID: PMC4446458 DOI: 10.1155/2015/461093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, around 14 million individuals are coinfected with both tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In coinfected individuals, both pathogens weaken immunological system synergistically through mechanisms that are not fully understood. During both HIV and TB infections, there is a chronic state of inflammation associated to dramatic changes in immune cytokine and endocrine hormone levels. Despite this, the relevance of immunoendocrine interaction on both the orchestration of an effective immune response against both pathogens and the control of the chronic inflammation induced during HIV, TB, or both infections is still controversial. The present study reviews immunoendocrine interactions occurring during HIV and TB infections. We also expose our own findings on immunoendocrine cross talk in HIV-TB coinfection. Finally, we evaluate the use of adrenal hormones and their derivatives in immune-therapy and discuss the use of some of these compounds like the adjuvant for the prevention and treatment of TB in HIV patients.
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Teng Y, Litchfield LM, Ivanova MM, Prough RA, Clark BJ, Klinge CM. Dehydroepiandrosterone-induces miR-21 transcription in HepG2 cells through estrogen receptor β and androgen receptor. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 392:23-36. [PMID: 24845419 PMCID: PMC4074919 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although oncomiR miR-21 is highly expressed in liver and overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), its regulation is uncharacterized. We examined the effect of physiologically relevant nanomolar concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA sulfate (DHEA-S) on miR-21 expression in HepG2 human hepatoma cells. 10nM DHEA and DHEA-S increase pri-miR-21 transcription in HepG2 cells. Dietary DHEA increased miR-21 in vivo in mouse liver. siRNA and inhibitor studies suggest that DHEA-S requires desulfation for activity and that DHEA-induced pri-miR-21 transcription involves metabolism to androgen and estrogen receptor (AR and ER) ligands. Activation of ERβ and AR by DHEA metabolites androst-5-ene-3,17-dione (ADIONE), androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol (ADIOL), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol (3β-Adiol) increased miR-21 transcription. DHEA-induced miR-21 increased cell proliferation and decreased Pdcd4 protein, a bona fide miR-21. Estradiol (E2) inhibited miR-21 expression via ERα. DHEA increased ERβ and AR recruitment to the miR-21 promoter within the VMP1/TMEM49 gene, with possible significance in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Teng
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Lacey M Litchfield
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Margarita M Ivanova
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Russell A Prough
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Barbara J Clark
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
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Schmitz D, Zapp J, Bernhardt R. Steroid conversion with CYP106A2 - production of pharmaceutically interesting DHEA metabolites. Microb Cell Fact 2014; 13:81. [PMID: 24903845 PMCID: PMC4080778 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-13-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Steroids are lipophilic compounds with a gonane skeleton and play an important role in higher organisms. Due to different functionalizations - mainly hydroxylations - at the steroid molecule, they vary highly in their mode of action. The pharmaceutical industry is, therefore, interested in hydroxysteroids as therapeutic agents. The insertion of hydroxyl groups into a steroid core, however, is hardly accomplishable by classical chemical means; that is because microbial steroid hydroxylations are investigated and applied since decades. CYP106A2 is a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase from Bacillus megaterium ATCC 13368, which was first described in the late 1970s and which is capable to hydroxylate a variety of 3-oxo-delta4 steroids at position 15beta. CYP106A2 is a soluble protein, easy to express and to purify in high amounts, which makes this enzyme an interesting target for biotechnological purposes. Results In this work a focused steroid library was screened in vitro for new CYP106A2 substrates using a reconstituted enzyme assay. Five new substrates were identified, including dehydroepiandrosterone and pregnenolone. NMR-spectroscopy revealed that both steroids are mainly hydroxylated at position 7beta. In order to establish a biotechnological system for the preparative scale production of 7beta-hydroxylated dehydroepiandrosterone, whole-cell conversions with growing and resting cells of B. megaterium ATCC1336 the native host of CYP1062 and also with resting cells of a recombinant B. megaterium MS941 strain overexpressing CYP106A2 have been conducted and conversion rates of 400 muM/h (115 mg/l/h) were obtained. Using the B. megaterium MS941 overexpression strain, the selectivity of the reaction was improved from 0.7 to 0.9 for 7beta-OH-DHEA. Conclusions In this work we describe CYP106A2 for the first time as a regio-selective hydroxylase for 3-hydroxy-delta5 steroids. DHEA was shown to be converted to 7beta-OH-DHEA which is a highly interesting human metabolite, supposed to act as neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory agent. Optimization of the whole-cell system using different B. megaterium strains lead to a conversion of DHEA with B. megaterium showing high selectivity and conversion rates and displaying a volumetric yield of 103 mg/l/h 7beta-OH-DHEA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rita Bernhardt
- Department of Biochemistry, Saarland University, Campus B2 2, Saarbruecken 66123, Germany.
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Mucignat-Caretta C, Cavaggioni A, Redaelli M, Da Dalt L, Zagotto G, Gabai G. Age and isolation influence steroids release and chemical signaling in male mice. Steroids 2014; 83:10-6. [PMID: 24525008 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2014.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Social interactions in mice involve olfactory signals, which convey information about the emitter. In turn, the mouse social and physiological status may modify the release of chemical cues. In this study, the influences of age and social isolation on the endocrine response and the release of chemical signals were investigated in male CD1 mice, allocated into four groups: Young Isolated (from weaning till 60days; N=6), Adult Isolated (till 180days; N=6), Young Grouped (6 mice/cage; till 60days; N=18), Adult Grouped (6 mice/cage; till 180days; N=18). Mice were transferred in a clean cage to observe the micturition pattern and then sacrificed. Body and organs weights, serum testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, corticosterone and the ratio Major Urinary Protein/creatinine were measured. Urinary volatile molecules potentially involved in pheromonal communication were identified. Androgen secretion was greater in isolated mice (P<0.05), suggesting a greater reactivity of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal axis. Grouped mice presented a higher degree of adrenal activity, and young mice showed a higher serum corticosterone (P<0.05) suggesting a greater stimulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis. The micturition pattern typical of dominant male, consisting in voiding numerous droplets, was observed in Young Isolated mice only, which showed a higher protein/creatinine ratio (P<0.05). Urinary 2-s-butyl-thiazoline was higher in both Young and Adult Isolated mice (P<0.005). Young Isolated mice showed the most prominent difference in both micturition pattern and potentially active substance emission, while long term isolation resulted in a less extreme phenotype; therefore social isolation had a higher impact on young mice hormone and pheromone release.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Cavaggioni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Redaelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Da Dalt
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Zagotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Gabai
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
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Frey BN, Dias RS. Sex hormones and biomarkers of neuroprotection and neurodegeneration: implications for female reproductive events in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2014; 16:48-57. [PMID: 24206266 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have suggested that women with bipolar disorder are at higher risk for mood episodes during periods of intense hormonal fluctuation (e.g., premenstrual, postpartum, perimenopause). There is converging literature showing that estrogen and progesterone can modulate neurotransmitter systems and intracellular signaling pathways known to be affected by mood stabilizing agents. Here, we critically review clinical aspects of reproductive cycle events in women with bipolar disorder and preclinical studies, with a focus on the functional interactions between sex hormones and biomarkers of neuroprotection and neurodegeneration that are thought to be involved in the neurobiology of bipolar disorder: brain-derived neurotrophic factor, oxidative stress, and inflammation. METHODS A MedLine search using estrogen, progesterone, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, oxidative stress, and inflammation as key words was conducted. RESULTS Data showed that estrogen and progesterone closely interact with brain-derived neurotrophic factor, oxidative stress, and inflammation pathways. CONCLUSIONS This relationship between sex hormones and the pathways of neuroprotection/neurodegeneration may be relevant to the psychopathological aspects of bipolar disorder in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benicio N Frey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Program and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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In SilicoInvestigation of Cytochrome P450 2C9 in relation to Aging Using Traditional Chinese Medicine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:404505. [PMID: 24899908 PMCID: PMC4034651 DOI: 10.1155/2014/404505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) metabolizes dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S), but in elderly people the amount of DHEA-S remaining after CYP2C9 metabolization may be insufficient for optimal health. A prediction model, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics were used to screen the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) database to determine molecular compounds that may inhibit CYP2C9. The candidate compounds apocynoside(I), 4-methoxymagndialdehyde, and prunasin have higher Dock Scores, and prediction bioactivity than warfarin (the control drug). The interaction between 4-methoxymagndialdehyde and CYP2C9 is more intense than with other TCM compounds, but the simulation is longer. In these compounds, apocynoside(I) and prunasin have a greater number of pathways for their flexible structure, but these structures create weak interactions. These candidate compounds, which are known to have antioxidation and hypolipidemic functions that have an indirect effect on the aging process, can be extracted from traditional Chinese medicines. Thus, these candidate compounds may become CYP2C9 inhibitors and play an important role in providing optimal health in the elderly.
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Hydroxylation of DHEA and its analogues by Absidia coerulea AM93. Can an inducible microbial hydroxylase catalyze 7α- and 7β-hydroxylation of 5-ene and 5α-dihydro C19-steroids? Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:883-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Gottfried-Blackmore A, Jellinck PH, Vecchiarelli HA, Masheeb Z, Kaufmann M, McEwen BS, Bulloch K. 7α-hydroxylation of dehydroepiandrosterone does not interfere with the activation of glucocorticoids by 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in E(t)C cerebellar neurons. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 138:290-7. [PMID: 23851218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Revised: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The neuroprotective action of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in the absence of a known specific receptor has been attributed to its metabolism by different cell types in the brain to various steroids, with a preference to its 7-hydroxylated products. The E(t)C cerebellar granule cell line converts DHEA almost exclusively to 7α-hydroxy-DHEA (7α-OH-DHEA). It has been postulated that DHEA's 7-OH and 7-oxo metabolites can decrease glucocorticoid levels by an interactive mechanism involving 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD). In order to study the relationship of 7-hydroxylation of DHEA and glucocorticoid metabolism in intact brain cells, we examined whether E(t)C cerebellar neurons, which are avid producers of 7α-OH-DHEA, could also metabolize glucocorticoids. We report that E(t)C neuronal cells exhibit 11β-HSD1 reductase activity, and are able to convert 11-dehydrocorticosterone into corticosterone, whereas they do not demonstrate 11β-HSD2 dehydrogenase activity. Consequently, E(t)C cells incubated with DHEA did not yield 7-oxo- or 7β-OH-DHEA. Our findings are supported by the reductive environment of E(t)C cells through expression of hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PDH), which fosters 11β-HSD1 reductase activity. To further explore the role of 7α-OH-DHEA in E(t)C neuronal cells, we examined the effect of preventing its formation using the CYP450 inhibitor ketoconazole. Treatment of the cells with this drug decreased the yield of 7α-OH-DHEA by about 75% without the formation of alternate DHEA metabolites, and had minimal effects on glucocorticoid conversion. Likewise, elevated levels of corticosterone, the product of 11β-HSD1, had no effect on the metabolic profile of DHEA. This study shows that in a single population of whole-cells, with a highly reductive environment, 7α-OH-DHEA is unable to block the reducing activity of 11β-HSD1, and that 7-hydroxylation of DHEA does not interfere with the activation of glucocorticoids. Our investigation on the metabolism of DHEA in E(t)C neuronal cells suggest that other alternate mechanisms must be at play to explain the in vivo anti-glucocorticoid properties of DHEA and its 7-OH-metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Gottfried-Blackmore
- Harold and Margaret Milliken Hatch, Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Mendoza A, Navarrete-Ramírez P, Hernández-Puga G, Villalobos P, Holzer G, Renaud JP, Laudet V, Orozco A. 3,5-T2 is an alternative ligand for the thyroid hormone receptor β1. Endocrinology 2013; 154:2948-58. [PMID: 23736295 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Several liganded nuclear receptors have alternative ligands acting in a tissue-specific fashion and playing important biological roles. We present evidence that 3,5-diiodothyronine (T(2)), a naturally occurring iodothyronine that results from T(3) outer-ring deiodination, is an alternative ligand for thyroid hormone receptor β1 (TRβ1). In tilapia, 2 TRβ isoforms differing by 9 amino acids in the ligand-binding domain were cloned. Binding and transactivation studies showed that T(2) activates the human and the long tilapia TRβ1 isoform, but not the short one. A chimeric human TRβ1 (hTRβ1) that contained the 9-amino-acid insert showed no response to T(2), suggesting that the conformation of the hTRβ1 naturally allows T(2) binding and that other regions of the receptor are implicated in TR activation by T(2). Indeed, further analysis showed that the N terminus is essential for T(2)-mediated transactivation but not for that by T(3) in the long and hTRβ1, suggesting a functional interaction between the N-terminal domain and the insertion in the ligand-binding domain. To establish the functional relevance of T(2)-mediated TRβ1 binding and activation, mRNA expression and its regulation by T(2) and T(3) was evaluated for both isoforms. Our data show that long TRβ1expression is 10(6)-fold higher than that of the short isoform, and T(3) and T(2) differentially regulate the expression of these 2 TRβ1 isoforms in vivo. Taken together, our results prompted a reevaluation of the role and mechanism of action of thyroid hormone metabolites previously believed to be inactive. More generally, we propose that classical liganded receptors are only partially locked to very specific ligands and that alternative ligands may play a role in the tissue-specific action of receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mendoza
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Querétaro, 76230 México.
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Kim B, Moon JY, Choi MH, Yang HH, Lee S, Lim KS, Yoon SH, Yu KS, Jang IJ, Cho JY. Global Metabolomics and Targeted Steroid Profiling Reveal That Rifampin, a Strong Human PXR Activator, Alters Endogenous Urinary Steroid Markers. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:1359-68. [DOI: 10.1021/pr301021p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bora Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Yeon Moon
- Future Convergence Research
Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Ho Choi
- Future Convergence Research
Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyang Hee Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SeungHwan Lee
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Soo Lim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hyun Yoon
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sang Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jin Jang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Youn Cho
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Michael Miller KK, Al-Rayyan N, Ivanova MM, Mattingly KA, Ripp SL, Klinge CM, Prough RA. DHEA metabolites activate estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Steroids 2013; 78:15-25. [PMID: 23123738 PMCID: PMC3529809 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels were reported to associate with increased breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women, but some carcinogen-induced rat mammary tumor studies question this claim. The purpose of this study was to determine how DHEA and its metabolites affect estrogen receptors α or β (ERα or ERβ)-regulated gene transcription and cell proliferation. In transiently transfected HEK-293 cells, androstenediol, DHEA, and DHEA-S activated ERα. In ERβ transfected HepG2 cells, androstenedione, DHEA, androstenediol, and 7-oxo DHEA stimulated reporter activity. ER antagonists ICI 182,780 (fulvestrant) and 4-hydroxytamoxifen, general P450 inhibitor miconazole, and aromatase inhibitor exemestane inhibited activation by DHEA or metabolites in transfected cells. ERβ-selective antagonist R,R-THC (R,R-cis-diethyl tetrahydrochrysene) inhibited DHEA and DHEA metabolite transcriptional activity in ERβ-transfected cells. Expression of endogenous estrogen-regulated genes: pS2, progesterone receptor, cathepsin D1, and nuclear respiratory factor-1 was increased by DHEA and its metabolites in an ER-subtype, gene, and cell-specific manner. DHEA metabolites, but not DHEA, competed with 17β-estradiol for ERα and ERβ binding and stimulated MCF-7 cell proliferation, demonstrating that DHEA metabolites interact directly with ERα and ERβin vitro, modulating estrogen target genes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Carolyn M. Klinge
- CORRESPONDING AUTHORS: Russell A. Prough, Ph.D., and Carolyn M. Klinge. Ph.D. Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292. Phone: (502) 852-7249 (RAP); 502-852-3668 (CMK); FAX: (502) 852-6222; and
| | - Russell A. Prough
- CORRESPONDING AUTHORS: Russell A. Prough, Ph.D., and Carolyn M. Klinge. Ph.D. Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292. Phone: (502) 852-7249 (RAP); 502-852-3668 (CMK); FAX: (502) 852-6222; and
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